Addenda, Queen Elizabeth - Volume 17: January 1570

Calendar of State Papers Domestic: Elizabeth, Addenda, 1566-79. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1871.

'Addenda, Queen Elizabeth - Volume 17: January 1570', in Calendar of State Papers Domestic: Elizabeth, Addenda, 1566-79, (London, 1871) pp. 174-218. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/domestic/edw-eliz/addenda/1566-79/pp174-218 [accessed 19 April 2024]

January 1570



1570. Jan. 1.	1. List of persons remaining in the gaol at Durham, in the custody of Sir George Bowes, knight marshal, under the Earl of Sussex, Lord Lieutenant of the North:—42 gentlemen, 6 of whom were gentlemen of the Earl of Northumberland, 28 his household servants, and 12 his tenants and retainers; 3 household servants and 50 tenants and retainers of the Earl of Westmoreland; 4 servants of Chris. Digby; 3 of Christopher and 1 of Cuthbert Nevill, 3 of Simon Digby, 19 of Thos. Markenfeld, 14 of Rich. Norton, 8 of Sir John Nevill, 10 of sundry gentlemen named, 10 "made forth by sundry men" named, and 39 retainers of none. [6¾columns.]
Jan. 1. Durham.	2. Thomas Earl of Sussex and Sir Ralph Sadler to the Council. We heretofore advised discharging the army, and continuing certain garrisons for guard of the Borders until the execution be done; yet on Her Majesty and your letters, and conference thereon by letter, whereby we perceive that the Lord Admiral accords with our doings, and the Earl of Warwick has returned to Court, we repeat to you our doings.
	Two hundred horsemen to remain upon the West Marches; and 200 horsemen and 200 shot upon the Middle Marches, whereof 100 shot be withdrawn to Durham until the execution be done, or until the Lord Warden no longer require them.
	One hundred horsemen to continue upon the East Marches; 400 to attend the Earl of Sussex, and assist the Marshal, until the execution is over by martial law upon the meaner sort.
	One hundred footmen to the Marshal for guard of the persons, which is the whole charge under the pay of me, the Earl of Sussex, and which we shall diminish, as with security we think convenient, or as we shall be directed.
	The ships sent out of Hull and Scarborough were discharged, upon the flight of the rebels and the abandoning of Hartlepool, and there are only the Queen's ships now upon this coast, which we think it convenient to continue, until we hear what has become of the rebels fled into Scotland.
	We have been two days examining the constable and other officers of the bishopric, to find the guilty persons of the meaner sort; great numbers have been offenders, yet many are within the compass of the pardon; many have been carried to them perforce, and have fled from them so soon as they might; many have continued their rebellion to the end, and many have not been there, but either agreed to the going of others, or paid money for finding such as went. These offences all tend to the maintainance of rebellion. We have great trouble to understand the truth of every man's offence, to punish by death, imprisonment, or fine, according to the quality of the offence; we could not sooner proceed, except we had retired from Hexham, and left undone the principal parts of the service.
	When we have executed here the numbers thought fit for example, we will commit to sure prisons such offenders as have lands or great wealth, to be tried by law, and will extend mercy to some of the serving men of the meaner sort, and set at liberty the rest, on sufficient bonds to appear to receive grace or punishment as shall be appointed. The like we intend to do in Richmondshire and other parts of Yorkshire, with all convenient speed. We have received letters from Sir John Forster and Lord Scrope, copies of which we also enclose. [2 pages, with marginal note by Sir W. Cecil.] Enclosing,
	2. I. Thomas Earl of Sussex and Sir Ralph Sadler to the Earl of Warwick and the Lord Admiral. Upon consideration of your letters of yesterday, together with those of Her Majesty and the Council to you, I, the Earl of Sussex, send you a note of the garrisons already appointed by us to continue until further order; all other bands of horse and foot under me, the Earl of Sussex, be already discharged.
	Although we think the garrisons olready appointed dutiful and sufficient, and a further charge superfluous, yet if you be of another opinion, we will join with you in what may appear to be most for Her Majesty's honour and surety.
	We have discharged the ships of Hull and Scarborough, and continue Her Majesty's ships until we hear what shall become of the rebels in Scotland; and to that end we have sent you the Lord Admiral's letters to them, with instructions accordingly.
	Details as before of troops retained. There are also 100 foot for the marshal guarding the prisoners; the number whereof is very great that were taken in the field, besides the common sort to be apprehended in the country. [1 page, copy.] Durham, 30 Dec. 1569.
	2. II. Copy of the above. [1 page.] Durham, 30 Dec. 1569.
	2. III. Edward Lord Clinton to [the Earl of Sussex]. I have received your letter to my Lord of Warwick and me, and his Lordship— being on his way to the Court, and revoked hence by Her Majesty's letters, —has also seen the contents of yours, and what bands are appointed by you for her service, and that you desire to know our opinion therein. I think you have taken as good order as can be devised; I see no cause (the rebels fled and dispersed, many of the principals taken, and you with sufficient force to put under obedience all such as disobey her Highness) for more force. The executions meet for example's sake, and the terror of all others in these parts, have now only to be looked for, so that I cannot see that your order should be altered, and have written to Council to this effect. [¾ page, copy.] Boroughbridge, 31 Dec. 1569.
	2. IV. Sir John Forster to the Earl of Sussex. The Regent has departed out of Jedworth to Edinburgh, and taken the Earl of Northumberland with him, and six of his men to wait upon him, and has openly said he would neither deliver the Earl nor any other gentlemen into England's hands; which I rather judge he does for policy, to get them into his hands. Before his departure, he sent for the gentlemen of Teviotdale to Jedworth; they all came, save Lords Fernihurst and Buccleugh. The Regent, seeing their disobedience, rode to Jedworth with 30 horsemen and 50 gunners, and so rode forth of Jedworth through Fernihurst Wood towards Fernihurst; the Lords of Fernihurst and Buccleugh, hearing of his coming, suddenly rode away. The Regent, hearing of their departure, made no more of it, and went quietly to Jedworth, and on the morrow to Edinburgh, and the Earl of Northumberland with him, and as it is thought carries him to Leith.
	Leames' futher, Robt. Collingwood, Ralph Swinoe, with others of their company, were taken in East Teviotdale, and delivered to the Regent, and at his departure to Edinburgh, he delivered them back to their takers, and charged them with their safe keeping. As for Liddesdale, I do not hear that any are remaining there, except your brother and certain with him, who are not likely to remain. The Lady of Northumberland has gone to Fernihurst, and the Earl of Westmoreland, Norton, Markenfeld, Swinborne, and Tempest are removed out of Liddesdale to Lords Fernihurst aud Buccleugh. [¾ page, copy.] Hexham, 31 Dec. 1569.
	2. V. Henry Lord Scrope to the Earl of Sussex. I have delivered 218 prisoners, and have 36 remaining here, which I can within two days send forward to the Spittle upon Stainmoor, to Sir Geo. Bowes or such others as you shall appoint. I shall do my diligence for apprehension of Egremont Ratcliffe, who is in the Harlow Woods, with John of the Side, and Rowy Forster; Sir John Nevill and Ralph Conyers are also there. [½ page, copy.]
	Carlisle, 30 Dec. 1569.
Jan. 1. Durham.	3. Thomas Earl of Sussex to Sir Wm. Cecil. I am so touched in my authority here as I am driven to complain. My Lord Warwick and my Lord Admiral, entering within the limits of my commission, have, after the rebels were fled, driven their whole army from Boroughbridge and Ripon to Durham, saving their rear guard, which when they were almost at Durham, they sent under Lord Willoughby to Richmond. They have since seized (while I lay in service at Hexham) all the lands, goods, leases, and cattle that appertained to any man between Newcastle and Doncaster; and their marshal of the camp and other officers have driven all the cattle of the country, and ransomed the people in miserable sort, and made open spoil, putting no difference between the good and the bad.
	Upon the flight of the rebels, I directed warrants to the sheriffs of Northumberland, the bishopric, and Yorkshire, to seize into the Queen's hands all the lands, goods, and cattle of the rebels and their assisters, to apprehend their persons, and to make perfect books thereof. They answer that all is seized and spoiled, and that my Lord of Warwick and my Lord Admiral's men and others ride about the country, ransacking at pleasure. Thereupon I have given command to the sheriffs to execute their duties, and with advice of Mr. Sadler, set forth a proclamation, whereof you shall herewith receive a copy.
	In my coming forwards, I gave two or three protections for security of goods until further orders; but their Lordships have given warrants for spoil of the same persons, their ministers have thrown away my protection, thrust them out of the house that had it, and made spoil of the whole. In short, they have not left me between Newcastle and Doncaster, the order of any one rebel's lands or goods, nor one town unspoiled where they heard a rebel had been; none have done more extremely than Lord Willoughby in Richmondshire; he takes all, and drives more cattle for his own portion than all the grounds he has will feed, and yet is no lieutenant, by which means Her Majesty has lost above 10,000l.
	Besides this, there is not one rebel that has come to them but they have received him into protection, upon their honour, and so have written to me not to deal with them; but when they came, I delivered them to the Marshal for example. By these means the rewarding of service is taken from me; the people are miserably spoiled; and the pardon proclaimed by Her Majesty's command is no security to such as received it. Her Majesty has been put to excessive vain charges with that army; all is spoiled that should have been to her profit, and I, a lieutenant, made worse than their Marshal. I trust Her Majesty will maintain me in my authority, and defend me from defacing.
	By my commission I am the Queen's sole lieutenant of counties and the people in them, and not of an army levied in the North (as they term me), and they be lieutenants of an army levied out of my commission, whereby they cannot prejudice my authority. I would not have offered them or any other in like case such dishonour.
	All that look into this matter conceive that this is to pick a quarrel, and but an entry to other matters; therefore, if I weighed not the quiet of my Queen more than any other matter, I would have stopped them from crowing upon my dunghill, or carrying one halfpenny out of my rule.
	Liberal speech is used that all be rebels from Doncaster northwards, but if the Queen had not true men here, their entry would not have been so easy. I depend upon justice, and deserve thanks for my service. I do not crave merit, and seek pardon for offences, and therefore depend only upon the Queen, and will neither hang upon any other man's sleeve, nor seek vessels that cannot hold water. If Her Majesty be induced to think worse of me than I have deserved, I shall be ready to defend my honour against any person she shall command; if dishonour be offered me, I shall be sorry, but she shall have the greatest loss, for in the Lord I trust, and shall never be confounded. [2¾ pages. Printed in Sharpe's Memorials of the Rebellion, pp. 130– 133.] Enclosing,
	3. I. Proclamation by the Earl of Sussex, Lieutenant-General of the North. Being informed that many persons ride about the country, and take and spoil the Queen's subjects, under colour of persecuting the rebels, whereby great spoil is made, people brought into fear, and the Queen defrauded of her lawful escheats;— We therefore, in her name, command all who ride or go in that sort to desist from intermeddling with the lands or goods of any; and we command all Her Majesty's officers to apprehend and commit to ward all that shall attempt to take or spoil any man's goods, or take money of any man in that sort. And we command all subjects to permit none other than the sheriff of the county and his officers to arrest or take any of their goods, and in all arrestments and seizures, only to obey him and his ministers, whom we have authorised to execute those matters for Her Majesty. [¾ page, copy.] Durham, 2 Jan. 1569.
Jan. 2. Durham.	4. Sir Ralph Sadler to Sir Wm. [Cecil]. I conceive, by your letters of 26 and 28 Dec., that my Lord Lieutenant's doings here are hardly construed. I marvel, and am sorry; for no nobleman in England in his place could make a better account of this charge. He does not deserve discomfort, but rather to be made much of, for Her Majesty has such a treasure of him as few princes have.
	I cannot say what interpretations may be made of my Lord of Warwick and my Lord Admiral's doings, as though they should prejudice his authority as lieutenant here. They be all noblemen that I honour and love, and I see no other than good liking amongst them; but this is true, that whereas my Lord Lieutenant here and I devised to make great profit to the Queen of the goods and chattels of wealthy offenders, and yet to have means of reward to such as have well deserved, there has been great disorder in spoil, as well of the innocent as the guilty, made by the Southern army by disordered and unruly soldiers, I think without the knowledge of the chieftains; but though the goods be gone, the lands remain, whereof the greatest account is to be made.
	I have sent my man to Mr. Aglionby to receive the money, and to deliver such portion thereof to Mr. Carr, treasurer of that army, as my Lord of Warwick and my Lord Admiral think meet, so as we here may also have a portion to support our Northern forces; but all will be too little for the Southern army. I cannot send an estimate of the charges on both parts till my man returns; meanwhile I enclose what I have from my Lord Admiral, touching the charges of that army; I think half as much will serve for the other. Our number of horsemen was greater than theirs, and will therefore be the more chargeable.
	I cannot tell what to think of Capt. Reed, and am sorry he should give cause of suspicion; I hear of no matter against him but what Capt. Strelley, who was sent to me to York by my Lord of Bedford, learned amongst the rebels from Christopher Norton, who has been taken amongst the rebels; I will move my Lord Lieutenant to have him examined. The letters of Lord Scrope and Sir John Forster will inform you what is known of the principal rebels, but the majority of the prisoners taken are of the meaner sort,—yeomen and serving men. [1 ½ pages.]
Jan. 4. York.	5. Sir Thos. Gargrave to Sir Wm. Cecil. I have received letters from Hull, stating that John Thornton, of Hull, has a letter from Hamburg of 10 Dec., as follows:—"We hear from Antwerp that the Duke [of Alva] is making great provision of shipping, and is taking up soldiers; some say for Spain, to assist the King against the Moors, who win country daily; but most say it is to assist our Moors in England, who should not have begun before spring, and then they should have delivered him some fort northwards.
	Thos. Sandeman, a merchant of Hartlepool or Scarborough, has leave from the Duke to bring and carry goods to and from the Low Countries. I will examine him, and have him forthcoming when called for.
	My Lord Lieutenant bade me enquire about three men, a woman, and child, who had passage from Hull over sea. The searcher confesses they did pass. One of the men married the daughter of Lady Gifford, who is wife to Rich. Norton, one of the rebels, and he wrote for the passage.
	I cannot hear whether the Earl of Westmoreland, Richard and Fras. Norton, Chris. Nevill, Thos. Markenfeld, and Chris. Danby are in Scotland: some say the Earl is with Lord Hume in Hume castle; others further in Scotland; if so, I think they will go to Ireland. I have laid good watch. If the Earl is in Scotland, I think a little money would fetch him and make an end, lest other evils ensue. [1 page.]
Jan. 5. Durham.	6. Thomas Earl of Sussex to Sir Wm. Cecil. I return my Lord of Rutland, according to your directions, and have written to Her Majesty how I have dealt with him, not doubting she will consider of his deserts. He is greatly bound to you, and loves and reverences you as a father. God has given him good parts, and you have instructed him in honesty; it were a pity they should sleep in him for lack of employment. Of late years few young noblemen have been employed in service, which makes them ignorant; when those we now have fail, as by course of nature they must, the supply will be very low, and then wit without experience must direct.
	P.S.—Your son has already returned to his wife. [1 page, holograph.]
Jan. 6. Durham.	7. Sir Ralph Sadler to [Sir Wm. Cecil]. Lord Rutland, in returning to the Court, has no need of my commendations, yet I must say that in this service, he showed such courage and forwardness, for one of his years, as deserve great commendation, and his courteous behaviour has purchased for him the love of all the gentlemen in this company, and the goodwill of all who have served under him. You may well rejoice of your labour on his education, and he has good cause to love and honour you for it, as he does not forget openly to confess. [²/3 page.]
Jan. 6. Durham.	8. Sir Ralph Sadler to Sec. Cecil. I send you an estimate of the great charges of the army under my Lord Lieutenant. We have little towards the pay; we expended a great portion of the 10,000l. brought by Mr. Aglionby, but it was hard to get from my Lord Admiral; we only asked for 3,000l., and could get but 1,500l.
	The charges demanded by the three Lord Wardens, on the Queen's letters promising wages for such horse and foot as they could raise for this service, amount to a great deal. Berwick garrison was doubled by Lord Hunsdon and the Treasurer there: the estimate will show what horse and foot remain in garrison or about my Lord Lieutenant. Please send money with speed, or let me be called hence, for I cannot endure the exclamations of such as it is due to. [1 page.] Encloses,
	8. I. Note of the charges of the army of horse and foot under Thomas Earl of Sussex in the North parts, in wages, coat and conduct money, victuals, &c.; total, 59,608l. 7s. 9¾d., of which received, 59,051l. 13s. 8½d. [1 page.]
Jan. 6. York.	9. Sir Thos. Gargrave to Sir Wm. Cecil. Chris. Danby, one of the chief rebels, had from Mr. Gerard, brother of the Attorney [General] a lease of a coal mine and lands at Beeston, Yorkshire, during the minority of young Beeston, the Queen's ward, which lease will come to the Queen by his attainder. Pray help the bearer, Martin Birkhead of Gray's Inn, to a new lease, or to the Queen's title thereto; he is an honest man, and will do good among the Papists. Sir Thos. Danby, brother to Christopher, and ill-affected in religion, claims Christopher's leases and goods, by a deed made two years ago, which I suspect, because it was not known of till now.
	There has been such spoil of the goods and cattle of rebels, and also of many true subjects, that the scarcity will be felt two or three years, and the Queen will lose most of the forfeitures, which would have borne a good piece of the charge.
	Some promise pardon of life, lands, and goods, even to the chief rebels. I hope the Queen will consider this, for she would lose thereby her escheats and forfeitures, and nourish among us open enemies to God and the realm, who would, when time and aid serve, attempt the like enterprises.
	I wish a Parliament for 10 or 15 days, for attainder of the principal rebels, lest their tenants and friends live still in hope of their pardon, or fear of their displeasure, and also for stricter laws against Papists. If any refuse service and communion, I wish them convicted by open disputation in every shire; if they will not relent, then to be attainted in prcemunire for one year, and then death for heresy. [1 page.]
Jan. 6. Durham.	10. Thomas Earl of Sussex to Sir Wm. Cecil. By the death of my Lord of Cumberland, there be two offices in the Queen's disposition— the castle of Knaresborough, which is of the duchy, and the stewardship of Ripon, which belongs to the bishopric of York. Sir Wm. Ingleby dwells near Knaresborough, and had some directions there under my Lord of Cumberland, and Sir Wm. Mallory near Ripon. These two gentlemen have truly served the Queen, from the first suspicion of the rebellion, and delivered me more intelligence than any other, and they are honest and loyal. If she bestowed these offices upon them, it would comfort them, she would be truly served, and it would stop them from further suit. I enclose a note of the lands in the bishopric belonging to the better sort of rebels, and when the sheriffs of York and Northumberland return their certificates, I will send you a note of those counties. [²/3 page.] Enclosing,
	10. I. List and value of the lands of 20 principal rebels lying within the county palatine of Durham; commencing with those of Thomas Earl of Northumberland; value. 39 l. 13s. 10d.; and Charles Earl of Westmoreland; value, 574l. 8s. 8d. Total value, 1,058l. 5s. [1 page.]
Jan. 7.	11. Examination of Capt. Rowland Forster, of Wark. Two years since, before the soldiers went to Newhaven, had a man called Thomas, a Scot, in his house at Wark, who undertook to coin hardheads, but as he could not bring it to perfection there, he required examinate to get him a more secret place to work it. Before examinate could do so, Barbour, a soldier of Berwick, and an acquaintance of Thomas, brought— Arthur, skilled in the same art, when they both put in practice to stamp hardheads, and asserted they could do it effectually; thereupon put them in Coquet island, where they remained 20 days, and made 10l. worth, but so imperfect that examinate threw all away, and caused them to swear never to use that art again; then they separated and have not since met. [1 ¼ pages.]
Jan. 7. Durham.	12. Thomas Earl of Sussex to Sir Wm. Cecil. Sir Hen. Percy being desirous to leave, now his service is at an end here, I have recommended him to Her Majesty, and I trust you will find him worthy of what I have written. He has been wholly at the Queen's devotion in the cause of the Scottish marriage, sound from this rebellion, ready with all his force to serve against them, and willing to venture his person with the first. [½ page.]
Jan. 8. Durham.	13. Thomas Earl of Sussex to Sir Wm. Cecil. As Sir Hen. Percy was going towards London yesterday, he showed me a letter he had received from his principal officer at Tynemouth, which I also showed to Mr. Sadler, and enclose you a copy. Thereupon I sent letters to Sir John Forster, to apprehend Robt. Shafto and his father. I will examine him at his coming, and send you his confession.
	Mr. Vaughan being gone home sick, I will dispatch Sir Hen. Gate, who is at Richmond examining rebels, and will be here tomorrow, into Scotland, with Her Majesty's letters to the Regent.
	I cannot advise about the receipt and conveying of the Earl of Northumberland until, on Sir Hen. Gate's coming to the Regent, I understand where he will deliver him. I will warrant his safe conveyance through the limits of my commission; besides such company as I shall send with Sir Hen. Gate, I will write to the sheriffs and justices of the peace of every county by the way, to assist him in the safe conveying of his charge; and I will neither speak with the Earl nor any other of the principal rebels except directed by special warrant.
	I send you a note of as many offenders as I yet know having lands in Yorkshire. When the sheriff returns his books, I will make it more perfect, and rate the values.
	Mr. Sayer of Richmondshire has been in Berwick castle with Sir Geo. Bowes, all the time of the rebellion, but his eldest son,—a very young man, and servant to the Earl of Northumberland,—was with the Earl in the rebellion. Upon Mr. Sayer's earnest suit for his son's life, I have compounded for his pardon for the fine of 500l., if Her Majesty pleased, where, if he were executed, she would have nothing. I have talked with others in like sort, and if Her Majesty allows thereof, I will proceed, but have made no promise to any that has either freehold or wealth; nor do I mean that the common householders shall escape without fine, as by many littles a great sum will rise. I think the like commodity was never raised to any prince in any rebellion that shall be in this, if no man intromit in my office.
	I send you also a note of such leases as the sheriff of the bishopric has found for the Queen. When all is done, I trust she will consider of such as have served under me, who, whatsoever our southern men report, have served truly and worthily. I also enclose copy of a letter from Sir John Forster. I have had divers advertisements within these two days, that concur in the matter of the Laird of Grange, which seems very strange; the Regent's servant now there can inform you of the truth. [1¾ pages.] Enclosing,
	13. I. Note of 11 rebels, including the Earls of Northumberland and Westmoreland, having lands in Yorkshire. [½ page.]
	13. II. Return by [Sir Thomas Gargrave], sheriff of Yorkshire, of the value of the lands, &c. of nine rebels named, commencing with the Earls of Westmoreland and Northumberland. Endorsed by the Earl of Sussex, that he received it from the Sheriff after he had despatched his letter. [1 page.]
	13. III. Note of six leases for years of lands, &c. in the county of Durham, parcel of the estates of rebels named, seized by Robert Bowes, sheriff of Durham and others, for the Queen's use; value from 6l. 13s. 4d. to 24l. [1 page.]
	13. IV. Allan King to Sir Henry Percy, captain of Norham and Tynemouth castles. Robt. Shafto came to Tynemouth this evening to speak with you, but too late, so he has importuned me to write you the following;— My Lord of Northumberland is in Edinburgh, not in ward, but in the keeping of my Lord Regent, who has given him licence to lie in the town, with a guard of the Regent's men; he has of his own men Geo. Pringell, James Swyno, and Wm. Burton; the rest, who number 17, have liberty to come at times and lie in the country. My Lord is in great distress, and begs your brotherly liberality, and also what news you have, first as to how the nobility like his trouble; secondly, how his friends and those that were with him are used; and thirdly, of his children.
	Lady Northumberland craves your counsel in behalf of my Lord. She yet lies at Fernihurst, but Lord Hume has got licence for her to come to him when she will. She might have access to my Lord at Edinburgh, but she thinks it not good until she has more warrantry from the Lord Regent; for being at liberty she can make some shift for my Lord, and has already sent home to her friends, as to my Lord of Worcester and others. She also requests you will send some trusty man of your own to my Lord and her, and they would discover to him things yet in safety, which might be to their relief, or at least might come to your hands. My Lady wishes you to understand that the disagreement among themselves was the cause of their mishap and ill fortune to sever and fly.
	For my Lord Dacre's former breach, he has shown himself a sorrowful man, and my Lady thinks that he will assist them if they will come into England. Messengers have passed between them, whereby it is supposed that he will incline to the Earls; they were at first assured by the Earls of Argyle and Huntley, and the Laird of Grange has promised that they shall have what he may do, and those friends that he has in captivity, and that he will not deliver the castle of Edinburgh to the Regent, who has demanded it, and cannot have it.
	The Regent should have gone to Dumbarton, which is besieged by his power against the Queen's friends, but as he cannot have Edinburgh castle, he lies still in the town of Edinburgh.
	At Lord Northumberland's first coming into Scotland, the Regent would not talk with him for three days, but after that did so. The Marshal of Berwick also talked with my Lord at Jedworth, and my Lord Regent was once in the way to fetch Lady Northumberland from the Lord of Fernihurst, but turned back. He had also like to have got the Earl of Westmoreland betrayed at Bloe Lanes, belonging to Lord Fernihurst, but the Earl got knowledge and escaped, and now he is at liberty. It is thought that Scotland will break within eight days with the Earls.
	There are certain merchants of Edinburgh come out of Flanders, whose ships are stayed there, and they report that Duke of Alva and his power are ready, and that some of his horsemen were shipped before they came away; but no man knows when and where they are to land. Lady Northumberland earnestly requests your counsel.
	P.S.—She has sent to my Lady for some apparel, as she is destitute both of woollen and linen. My Lord also wrote to Mr. Metcalf of Alnwick, for 40l. that remained in his hands, but he cannot be found; if he is at Durham, tell him of it. [2¾ pages, copy.] Tynemouth castle, 6 Jan. 1570.
	13. V. Sir John Forster to Thomas Earl of Sussex. My Lord Regent has an appointment with Lord Fleming for delivery of Dumbarton castle. The Earl of Westmoreland lies in the overmost chamber in Fernihurst tower, and Lady Northumberland in the lowest chamber. In the Earl's company are Fras. Norton and six others of the Earl's servants, the Wolberies, Henry Redly, and others. Old Norton, Markenfeld, Egremont Ratcliffe, Swinborne, and Tempest are all with the Lord of Buccleugh in Branksom; if they hear of any force of England to pursue them, they purpose to take the sea at Fast castle or the West Marches, by help of the Laird of Johnston.
	Fernihurst, in the resetting of the rebels, works by advice of the Laird of Grange, his father-in-law, and Captain of Edinburgh castle, which is very strange, considering the great credit that he has ever had upon the Regent.
	The Duke, with his friends now in ward in Edinburgh castle, and all others his well-willers now at liberty,— as the Lord Hume, Fernihurst, Lord Grange, Buccleugh, and their friends— will join in league with the rebels to deface the Regent's proceedings. The rebels talk amongst themselves that Leonard Dacre should be one of their league, which, if true, should be foreseen in time. [¾ page, copy.] Hexham, 7 Jan. 1570.
Jan 8. Durham.	14. Thomas Earl of Sussex to Sir Wm. Cecil. I have deferred sending you the names of the prisoners, as promised in my letters from Newcastle, as I looked that the whole number should have been here before; having now received letters from my Lord Scrope, that the remainder of the prisoners in his rule could not be delivered at the day appointed, I have sent you a note of such as have been delivered, and are to be executed; as soon as the rest come in, I shall send a note of them.
	I also send you a list of such of the bishopric as my Lord of Warwick and Lord Admiral have taken under their protection; but whom they have received that belong to Yorkshire I know not. The sheriffs have arrested rebels in divers counties, whereof I have no account, and many lurk in corners, whose apprehension will take time; but no person who has freehold or wealth shall be discharged by me, until the Queen's pleasure is known.
	The circuit of my commission is great, the places where the prisoners were taken far distant, the weather extreme, and the counties, except in the beaten ways, impassable for snow; therefore bear with me if all things be not so speedily done as you look for.
	Sir John Forster sent his son with his men to take Robt. Shafto, but he did not find him at his father's house. He has lost divers of his horses, and hardly saved the men, by the extremity of the snow. I have therefore written to Allan [King], Sir Hen. Percy's servant, to use all means to take Shafto. [¾ page.] Enclosing,
	14. I. Memorandum of rebels appointed to be executed by martial law in the county of Durham, viz.:—
	"Of the city of Durham. The aldermen and townsmen		30
	Of constables		40
	Of serving men of the meaner sort and worst disposition taken prisoners		30
	Of townsmen of Durham		16
	Of the countrymen appointed to be executed in every town where they dwell		172
	Of those that leaped over the walls at Barnard castle		20
	Whereof—
	At Durham	80	314
	At Darlington	42
	At Barnard castle	20
	In towns and villages in the country	172
	A like execution shall be done at Richmond for Richmondshire, when the Marshal has finished this, but the book is not yet perfected. Also at Allerton, Topcliff, and Thirsk for the North Riding, and at Ripon, Boroughbridge, Wetherby, and Tadcaster for the West Riding. Besides this there shall be no town whence any men went to serve the Earls, and continued after the pardon proclaimed, but one or more as shall be executed for example, in the principal place of the town.
	The common people were dispersed when the Earls left Durham, and therefore the execution is the longer in doing, by reason of the apprehending and examining of the constables; otherwise the guilty might escape, and the unguilty suffer; none of the constables found faulty shall two relating to Scotland, and one missing. Jan. 1569.
	14. II. List of 34 persons whom the Earl of Warwick and the Lord Admiral have received under their protection. [1 page.]
Jan. 10. Durham.	15. Thomas Earl of Sussex to Sir Wm. Cecil. As it is thought strange I have not advertised the manner of taking the Earl of Northumberland, and what has become of the rest, and the names of the prisoners, and it is conceived that I do not use such diligence as formerly, I send you an abstract of such letters as I have written since coming from York; on perusal thereof I trust my diligence will appear.
	The manner of apprehending the Earl of Northumberland, of his delivery to the Regent, and what became of those who confederated with them in Scotland, what is to be done in England or Scotland for their apprehension, and the punishing of their receivers, are sufficiently advertised by my letters of 22, 24, 25, and 27 Dec., and 1 and 4 Jan.
	As to the charge under me, I did not advertise from York my number of horse and foot, for the number of my horse daily increased until the rebels fled into Scotland, so that I could not advertise any certainty of them, except I had mustered them daily. As soon as the rebels left, I discharged all my foot, save those in garrison, whereof I advertised the certain charge; and upon the flight into Scotland, and conference with the wardens, I also discharged all the horse, save certain bands to remain about me at Hexham, and the garrisons appointed to the Borders, which I also advertised, and all this, for saving of charge, I did upon my credit, without money.
	Upon knowledge of the taking of the Earl of Northumberland, I cashiered all the horsemen, save such as should remain until the executions were done, and the Queen's pleasure further known, and so advertised the whole charge under me, as will also appear by my letters of 19, 20, 22, 24, 27, and 30 Dec., and 2 Jan., and there has been no time wasted in diminishing the charge. My letters from York will show what might have been done further therein had my advice been followed. I have satisfied you of the cause of my not sending the names of the prisoners; as to negligence in advertising, I have fully advertised all that came to my knowledge of importance; and Her Majesty's Border officers have searched and given intelligence, showing by good spies the very houses and chambers where the rebels lodged in Scotland, so that the Regent's man declared he had better intelligence by me than his master could get in Scotland.
	I could not report other men's tales unless I knew what the tales were, and I leave tales to others who have less to do than I have, and who are more fit to write them than I am.
	As to making Her Majesty a stranger to her own causes, I am sorry she conceives so hard an opinion of me. My advice, from the beginning of her reign, has always been to acquaint herself with all her causes; and it will appear by my letters that in this matter, I never intended nor executed anything, nor received any intelligence, but I advertised it fully, either to her Council or you, and so will continue, although it would have discouraged some in my place to continue their diligence, when themselves and their opinions were so little regarded. If, after all my service, this hard opinion be conceived for the only lack of a book of the names of the prisoners, which I deferred until their coming together to make it perfect, it is durus sermo, which has been the sauce to all my service for 12 years past. [2½ pages.] Encloses,
	15. I. Abstract of 23 letters sent by the Earl of Sussex to the Privy Council, Cecil. and the Queen, between 12 Dec. 1569 and 7 Jan. 1570, all calendared under their dates, except [3¼ pages.]
Jan. 10. Windsor.	16. The Queen to Sir Thos. Gargrave, sheriff of Yorkshire. We give you our hearty thanks for your diligent service in this late rebellion, and will not fail to remember it as occasion shall serve.
	We require you to have special regard to preserve for our use all goods and lands within your sheriffwick belonging to rebels; to have them seized and put in safe custody, inventories made, and no embezzlement permitted. If any shall have already seized any rebel's goods or lands, by order from our general lieutenants, you shall only cause inventories to be made, and leave the possession thereof in the hands of those that have them, until further pleasure. [1 page, draft much corrected.] (fn. 1)
Jan. 11.	17. The Queen to the Earl of Sussex. We marvel that we have heard of no execution by martial law, as was appointed, of the meaner sort of rebels in the North. If the same be not already done, you are to proceed thereunto, for the terror of others, with expedition, and to certify us of your doing therein.
	We understand that some in those parts, in this hour of service, have remained at home, or shown great slackness in our service, having brethren or children with the rebels; have an earnest regard to such, and spare no offenders in that case, but let them come to trial, and receive due punishment. [¾ page, draft.]
Jan. 11. Durham.	18. Earl of Sussex and Sir Ralph Sadler to the Queen. The night before we received yours of the 6th, the Lord Admiral's, and a copy of yours to him, we had sent Sir Hen. Gate towards Berwick, with instructions agreeable to your pleasure, saving that appertaining to the Marshal of Berwick, of which we presently write to Lord Hunsdon and Sir Hen. Gate, and will advertise you to-morrow of our doings in that matter, being this day occupied about the other contents of your letter. We were in doubt how to resolve; on the one side, we see no necessity to continue garrisons on the Borders, for any matter proceeding from England; on the other, we do not know what you will resolve with the Regent, in respect of the confederacy advertised to be in Scotland; and if you determined to have any foot sent to the Borders, and they were dispersed, they would hardly be gathered again in a short time. We have therefore resolved to discharge as many as may be spared on the Borders, and to retain of my Lord Admiral's bands sufficient for any service that may be done in Scotland, which we shall continue until your pleasure is signified. As the martial execution is this day finished in the bishopric and Richmondshire, and the Marshal goes to-morrow into other parts of Yorkshire, we have discharged all the horse and foot allowed to him, save 60 horse, which we shall discharge within a few days; so that beside the garrisons on the Borders, and the 300 shot to be left by my Lord Admiral, there remain only the horsemen appointed about me, the Earl of Sussex, the number whereof I will advertise to-morrow; they are about 200. We have written our opinions herein to the Lord Admiral, and sent him a schedule of the garrisons we think fit should remain.
	We have only received 1,500l. for the pay of your army under me, the Earl of Sussex, of the 10,000l. last sent; we doubt not to satisfy all with good words for the time, so as you shall not be overcharged with continuing persons for lack of money, and we will use all our credit to assist the Lord Admiral in any matter he shall require for your service, and the diminishing of your charges. [1½ pages. Printed in Sharpe's Memorials of the Rebellion, pp. 144, 145.]
Jan. 11. Durham.	19. Sir Ralph Sadler to Sir Wm. Cecil. By Her Majesty's letters of the 5th, I understand her pleasure touching the discharge of the armies, and the time for continuance of the pay of the Lieutenant's entertainment, and also touching the garrisons to remain in these parts. The discharge of the armies was already accomplished; the Northern bands were discharged without full pay, yet pleased with good words until money came. All the money sent by Mr. Aglionby was employed upon the discharge of the Southern army, save 1,500l. I have imparted Her Majesty's letters to my Lord Lieutenant and my Lord Admiral,—my Lord of Warwick having gone southward these 10 days,—and told Mr. Carr, treasurer of that army, her pleasure touching the continuance of their entertainment as lieutenants, that he may follow the directions in their pay.
	I see no cause why any garrisons should remain, unless to aid the Regent of Scotland, in case his adverse parties give him trouble, and especially to chastise the proud Scottish borderers, in case they will maintain our English rebels, in contempt of Her Majesty; therefore it is thought meet here to continue some bands until we know her pleasure. [1¼ pages.]
Jan. 12. Durham.	20. Thomas Earl of Sussex to [Sir Wm. Cecil]. I send you a copy of Sir Hen. Gate's despatch. The horsemen attending upon me here are 200. The weather is so extreme, and the snow so great upon the fells between England and Scotland, that the way is impassable from the Middle Marches, which stays my intelligence.
	Lady Westmoreland has made very earnest suit to Mr. Sadler and me, to send a letter to her husband to advise him to submit to Her Majesty; although we think he will little regard her advice, yet considering our present lack of intelligence by reason of the weather, and how able Sir John Forster is to get perfect intelligence of all matters in Scotland, if he might have a matter ministered to send openly thither when his secret ways are stopped, we have thought good to use that commodity offered by the sending of her letters, as by the copy of our letters to Sir John Forster may appear. Herewith you will also receive the copy of her letters.
	P.S.—Since writing the above, I have received letters from Lords Hunsdon and Scrope, copies of which I enclose; the advertisements differ in the placing of the persons, yet accord in substance. I think you know, by the Regent's servant, what his master intends doing and can do for deliverance of the rebels, which I know not. Howsoever the case stands, it will be good to look into the bottom, and to resolve speedily what you will do, for mora trahit periculum. [¾ page.] Enclosing,
	20. I. Earl of Sussex and Sir Ralph Sadler to Sir John Forster. Lady Westmoreland has made great suits to us for licence to send a letter to her husband, mhich we have perused, and find nothing in it but advice to submit to Her Majesty's mercy; although we think little fruit will come thereof, yet as we may use it to get some intelligence where the Earl remains, we have agreed to send it, and enclose it to you, praying you to choose such a messenger for carrying it as may bring us intelligence where he and the rest of the rebels remain, and what practices they have in hand; if the Earl shall write any answer, send it to us, that we may consider whether it be fit to be delivered or detained. [½ page, copy.] Durham, 11 Jan. 1570.
	20. II. Countess of Westmoreland to her husband. I thought I could not discharge my duty towards you till I sued for leave to send you these few lines, to put you in remembrance of what you were always inclined to, had not the greatness of your offence to Her Majesty been such as abashed you to come to her presence, and made you despair ever to obtain her pardon. I wish you most earnestly, as I am fully persuaded you will, to submit yourself, and to do it with speed, and crave her gracious pardon, lest your necessity be such as you shall be forced, being in a foreign land, to stand in need of their succour of whom perhaps you shall receive no benefit without incurring further danger: I mean in entering some practices that may aggravate her displeasure and cut off hope of recovering her favour. Therefore, my Lord, in good time perform your bounden duty to Her Majesty, and forget not the care that you ought to have of me and your poor children, now desolate and void of help without the merciful clemency of the Queen, to which, as I have often heard you say, she was naturally disposed. Do not fear, though your fault be very great, that her inclination can be so suddenly transformed but that, upon your submission and repentance, you shall find her accustomed mercy to remain, trusting she will consider that, as you have passed a few weeks in offending her, you have, I hope, many years to pass in her service, wherein I think you would willingly venture your life.
	As soon as I receive answer from you, I will not omit the duty of a true wife in being an humble suitor to Her Majesty for your life, lands, and liberty, that I may see your joyful return, and that she may once, by employing your service, find the true faith in you towards her which, for your late offence, I fear she will yet hardly believe. God preserve you in health, and bring you shortly to a more safe and quiet estate. [1 page, copy.]
	20. III. Henry Lord Hunsdon to [the Earl of Sussex]. I have refrained from writing, as matters have not gone as I had hoped; the apprehension of any of the rest is past hope, and there is great doubt of the delivery of any that are taken. The Earl of Westmoreland is openly received and maintained at Fernihurst, where in outward show he was never merrier, and Swinburne and two others are with him. Rich. Norton and two or three others with him are at Lord Buccleugh's at Branksom; some of the meaner sort are with Sir Andrew Carr, and some with the Lord of Bedroule. Egremont Ratcliffe is in Liddesdale, with the Lords.
	Last Thursday the Countess [of Northumberland] was carried from Fernihurst towards Hume by Fernihurst, with 100 horse, and the storm being very great, they were driven to alight at Roxburgh to warm her, so that it was 8 o'clock on Friday ere she was at Hume; since then she is brought to Fast castle, where she remains.
	Although the rebels were much dismayed at their first coming into Liddesdale, they think themselves in better case than when they were at Durham, for they find many friends in Scotland, as the greater part of the nobility are wholly bent to succour them; so as you will find that the Regent dares not deliver the Earl of Northumberland, nor keep him a prisoner.
	Earl Morton is also bent for the maintenance of the rebels, as a liberty incident to all nations, and accounts it a great reproach to all the country to do the contrary; so as between this and Edinburgh, the Regent will not find one man to stand with him, for even they that went to the field with him, and would have done their best to suppress them, or to have kept them from coming into Scotland, they being now come in for succour, will not consent to deliver them. Her Majesty must work other ways than by gentleness, or else go without them, and if she lets it overslip till the spring, it will cost her something.
	Dumbarton is delivered to the Regent, and he will return to Edinburgh the latter end of this week.
	Commend me to Mr. Chancellor. I should have waited upon you but for this great storm, and will do so as soon as it breaks. [1⅓ pages, copy.] Berwick, 11 Jan. 1570.
	20. IV. Henry Lord Scrope to the Earl of Sussex. I hear that the Earl of Westmoreland came last Saturday from Lord Hume to Lord Fernihurst's, where he yet remains. Markenfeld and Swinburne, are still with Lord Hume; Egremont Ratcliffe, and Edw. Dacre with Lord Bucclevgh; and Rich. Norton and his sons Francis and Sampson with the Sheriff of Teviotdale.
	For John Forster and his brethren, of whom the Regent has complained, I have spoken with Simon Musgrave within whose charge they are, and he wills me to signify to you that they are ready to answer the Regent in any cause appertaining to the law of the Marches.
	I thank you and Sir Ralph Sadler for your good reports of me to the Council.
	P.S.—. I hear that Buccleugh has rode to the Earl of Morton, and that Geo. Stafford is secretly kept in this March, for whose apprehension I will do my best. [¾ page, copy.] Carlisle, 11 Jan. 1570.
	20. V. Thomas Earl of Sussex and [Sir Ralph Sadler] to Henry Lord Hunsdon. We send you copies of Her Majesty's letters received this morning, which differ from her former letters, and the instructions given by me, the Earl of Sussex, to Sir Hen. Gate, and therefore we pray you to confer with him and Mr. Drury, and proceed as you think best for her service; if it seem requisite to you that Mr. Drury should go, we think that Sir Hen. Gate should also go, as in my despatch to the Regent, Sir Henry is specially named. We enclose copies of my [the Earl of Sussex's] letters to the Regent, as also of the schedule which you are to deliver to Sir Hen. Gate, they being omitted in the delivery of his despatch. [½ page, copy.]
	Durham, 11 Jan. 1570.
Jan. 12. Durham.	21. Thomas Earl of Sussex to Sir Wm. Cecil. Two men, calling themselves Thomas Holmes, sen., and Thos. Holmes, jun., of London, taken and detained by the Earls, were taken in the West Country, and sent hither; finding that Thos. Holmes, sen., was not indeed delivered, I caused Holmes, jun., to be examined, who in the end declared his name to be Bishop, son to Bishop the Scot, and that Holmes, sen., was his father. Thereupon I wrote to Lord Scrope, to send the old Bishop here to be examined, but meantime Bishop, being in some peril through a hurt, declared his name to Mr. Dudley, where he now is, who took his. examination and sent it to me, declaring his taking by the Earls against his will, &c.; thereupon I wrote to Lord Scrope to send him safely hither, and received answer that he could not be carried without peril of life. The Bishop of Carlisle repairing hither, went that way, and took his examination, as he can utter much that would not be 'so easily discovered if he were dead, and the Bishop affirms he is like to die for lack of a sufficient surgeon; I have sent one from hence. Upon the father's confession, I will examine the son. I will send to re-examine Bishop upon certain interrogatories, and cause the others named in the examination to be apprehended. [¾ page. Endorsed with note that a certificate is come of the execution of between 200 and 300 in Richmondshire.]
Jan. 12. Durham.	22. Sir Ralph Sadler to [Sir Wm. Cecil]. I send you herewith a long letter from Robert Constable, servant to my Lord of Leicester, and one of them that helped to steal his plate. He came to me at York, before the army marched thence against the rebels, and said that my Lord of Leicester and Sir Walter Mildmay had directed him to me, but brought neither letter nor token from them. He said he had promised them to go amongst the rebels, and get intelligence of their doings, wherein he said they willed him to follow my directions, and to advertise me of his doings. Accordingly, by my consent, he went to the rebels, then at Barnard castle, and advertised me once or twice of parts of their doings, to no great effect; after they were fled into Scotland, he came to me again, and told me if I thought good, he would go into Scotland, and doubted not but he could learn where they were, and entrap some of them, that they might be apprehended. I told him if he could do so, he would do Her Majesty a service that she would not leave unrewarded; upon this he has been in Scotland, and had conference with the Earl of Westmoreland and other rebels, as you will perceive by his letter which I send you. I still animate him to proceed, and bring himself into credit with the rebels, the better to affect his purpose, which he has promised to do. [1 page.]
Jan. 13.	23. The Queen to the Earl of Sussex. We perceive, by Sir Henry Percy's letter to you which you sent to us, that some of the principal rebels in Scotland account Leonard Dacre one of their confederacy; we have also other more evident matter discovered to us whereby to charge him. We think some good means should be used to have him in safety, and forthcoming to answer. And because we do not know where he is now resident, but judge him to be in the North, we require you to take some care hereof; if he be in the West parts, in Lord Scrope's wardenry, we doubt not but his Lordship will, upon your direction in our name, use means to get him into his custody. If he be coming up hither in term time, as he is accustomed, advertise us thereof, that we may give order for his stay here. [1 page. Draft by Sir Wm. Cecil.]
Jan. 13.	24. Copy of the above. [¾ page.]
Jan. 13. Durham.	25. Thomas Earl of Sussex to Sir Wm. Cecil. Thanks to you and my Lord Keeper for your consideration of my commission, and your care to advise me not to exceed the words. I am none of those that use flattering compliments, yet his Lordship may be assured I will be thankful to the uttermost of my power.
	Although I take my commission to be of the ordinary form, yet as the dealings toward me have always been extraordinary, I looked from the beginning to have a hard interpretation, if occasion brought my authority in question; therefore I have not given nor promised pardon to any one person of quality, nor protection to any one that is an offender, for the keeping of himself or his lands or goods from the seizure of the Queen's sheriff.
	True it is that on the borders of the Tyne in Northumberland, I gave certain goods of rebels to Lord Hunsdon's sons and to Mr. Sadler's son, which would in those parts have been spoiled, as indeed most was, and thereby little commodity to them. I also gave authority to two of Lord Hunsdon's sons to seize upon old Norton's goods, whereof they have had as little; this is all I have granted, save a little of Lord Northumberland's stuff that was in Lassel's house at Brackenborth, which, upon Sir Geo. Bowes' coming out of Barnard castle, and the spoil of all he had, I gave to him that had nothing left. Whether I have therein given cause of offence to others, or others to me, will appear by the date of the warrants. All the rest I left to the seizure of the sheriffs, to whom I gave warrants to seize to the Queen's use all rebels' goods, lands, and leases, in all places within their rules.
	Whatever report is made of me, it shall appear when I come how careful I have been to do all to the Queen's honour and profit and security, which no man will impugn when I stand present to answer. I beseech you declare this to my Lord Keeper, whom I know to be a man of upright judgment and dexterity, and I will never desire his favour in any cause wherein it shall not be honourable for him in justice to show favour to me. [1 page.]
Jan. 13. Berwick.	26. Henry Lord Hunsdon to Sir Wm. Cecil. I was glad of the receipt of Her Majesty's and your letters touching the Earl of Northumberland and the other rebels; first, because I looked long for them; secondly, because I hoped for better news; but yours have so appalled me that I am almost senseless, considering the time, the necessity Her Majesty has of assured friends, the needfulness of good and sound counsel, and the small care it seems she has of either.
	Either she is bewitched, or this practice of her destruction, which was meant to have taken place perforce and by arms, being burst out before the time, partly discovered, and a little overthrown, is meant to be performed by practice and policy.
	What nearer way can there be to achieve their purpose than to discredit her faithfullest counsellors, and to absent her most assured friends from her, whereby they may work all things at their will ? I condemn none, but God send Her Majesty to have trusty friends about her, and to follow good counsel, for although the upper skin of this wound be partly healed, the wound festers, and if it burst out again, I fear it will be past cure. I can but pray for her, and wish her security and preservation.
	I perceive she has not shown you my last letter; I have therefore sent you a copy, as also of one I am now sending her, and of others, with instructions to the Regent. I am about sending the Marshal to him, for delivery of the Earl of Northumberland, and apprehension of the other rebels yet at liberty, and openly maintained in Teviotdale and the Marches; whereof I have no hope, for I find the nobility and commonalty of Scotland wholly bent to the contrary, so as I fear the Regent dare not deliver the Earl, nor apprehend the rest. I perceive Her Majesty cannot be induced to let me bring up the Earl if he be delivered, but John Vaughan or some other must have the doing thereof, under pretence that this town is in peril without I be in it.
	Whosoever has the carriage of him will have somewhat to do to bring him through Northumberland, for he must be carried through all his own tenants, and through them that love him better than they do the Queen, but it will be some discredit to me; if she will have me remain here, she must send me wherewith, for this journey has cost me 500l., and here is not 20l. to be borrowed in all this town, for the treasurer is away, and the garrison, which was wont to be paid at Christmas, is yet unpaid, and Newcastle as bare of money as this town.
	It grieves me to see that Her Majesty cannot be induced to think well of them that serve her best. If the Earl of Sussex had not been where he was, neither York nor Yorkshire had been at her discretion, and then the lusty Southern army would not have returned laden with such spoils, nor put their noses over Doncaster bridge; but others beat the bush, and they have had the birds Since experience teaches him that no services that he has done can be acceptable, even those wherein he has consumed the better half of his life, he will seek quietness the rest of his days, and give place to others.
	The Regent went to Dumbarton on some promise of surrender, but he has returned without it, and either must agree to such articles as are not for his honour, or win it by force, which is hard, or leave it, which is the most likely. Two French ships have arrived with succours to Dumbarton castle, and have there taken two Scotchmen laden with salmon and other fish, and one Englishman laden with wines. It is thought they are sent thither by a base brother of Lord Fleming's who is in France.
	I hear that Layton and others are to remain at Pomfret and in Yorkshire, and yet Her Majesty writes for the discharge of 100 horsemen that are appointed for this East Wardenry, and 100 foothorsemen in the Middle, as though Yorkshire had more need of garrisons than the frontiers. If there was a fort made at Bunhill, it would be a great security to the archers of Finsbury Fields.
	I have written to Her Majesty for Capt. Reed, who desires but to come to his trial, and defies any to charge him with deed, consent, or knowledge; I pray your help that he may purge himself, and that I may come up. [2¾ pages.]
Jan. 13. Berwick.	27. Henry Lord Hunsdon to the Queen. You request to have the rebels already taken in Scotland, and the apprehension of the rest openly kept in Tynedale and the Marches, also a report of my doings therein. I have already advertised the Regent where the principal rebels are maintained, and for better expedition, I am sending the Marshal to him with instructions, so that by the time Mr. Vaughan or any other come from you, I shall understand the Regent's disposition, both for delivery of the Earl, who is taken and is now in Lochleven, and for the apprehension of the others. I am sure the Regent will accomplish your request to his uttermost, but ultra posse non est esse. If my spies do not much fail, most of the nobility of Scotland, especially on this side Edinburgh, think it a great reproach to the country to deliver any banished man to the slaughter, accounting it a liberty incident to all natious to succour banished men.
	I hear also that Earl Morton, although he be the Regent's in other actions, will not consent to their delivery, so that there is not one between this and Edinburgh that will consent with him. The Regent rode to Dumbarton hoping to have it delivered by composition, but he has returned without it.
	With regard to the horse and foot left upon the Borders, which you would have discharged,—considering the rebels were fled into Scotland, and their whereabouts not known, nor of what force they were,—it was requisite to have some garrison left upon the Borders for a time, but as they are now known not to be of any force, there needs none in the Middle Wardenry. For the 100 horse that are here, I would not willingly burden you with superfluous charge, yet would be loath that for so small a charge, this your East Wardenry, being far weaker than the rest, and opposite both the Middle and East Wardenry of Scotland, their strongest borders, should receive such harm as is threatened, not by the Scots, but by such of the rebels as are servants to the Earl of Northumberland, and were dwellers in this Wardenry, having great kindred and friendship upon these Borders; they have promised to join certain outlaws, and burn and spoil certain towns and villages upon this frontier.
	You are determined that John Vaughan or some other shall bring up the Earl if he is delivered. You may do your pleasure, but surely as it will touch me in credit to have any other bring him up,—seeing that my being here is now of no such importance, and that I have so great business upon great losses,—I trust you will not deny my coming up, though I tarry but for a month, seeing I had no time at my last being there to do anything for myself.
	Capt. Reed desires your favour in his just cause, and thinks himself hardly dealt with to be condemned without trial. I thank you for your sables. [2 pages.]
Jan. 14. York.	28. Sir Thos. Gargrave to Sir Wm. Cecil. I send herewith a letter to Council about the passengers at Hull. There is no fault in the searcher, unless the passage of the persons be a fault. All is quiet here, but the people very poor. It is said that the matter is quieted in France, and the Admiral banished the realm; also that about Brest are 600 or 1,000 arquebusiers ready to sail for Scotland, to succour Dumbarton. It is well the force of the rebels was dispersed before they came. I think the rebels that are with the French might, for money, be delivered to some Borderers.
	I enclose a letter to Sir Hen. Percy, from one that was servant to the Earl, but no rebel.
	I have had before me Thos. Sandiman, of whom I wrote you, but he denies that he is a merchant, being only a victualler, or that he ever was in Flanders except once, six years ago, or that ever he had licence to traffic there or buy merchandise, except sometimes from Hen. Jacobson of Holland and now of Emden, who has brought two ships to London, and will soon be at Scarborough, where he has a ship and goods remaining by reason of the season. I send you a rhyme that my men found among the writings of Chris. Lassels. [1 page.] Enclosing,
	28. I. Sir Thos. Gargrave to the Council. On your orders, I have had before me Thos. Hewitt, searcher of Hull, and inquired about three men, a woman, and a child being transported over seas in the Hope and George of Hull, and kept secret. He says that last August, Rich. Norton, then sheriff of Yorkshire, wrote him for the passage of two merchants of London, and the wife and child of one, who went accordingly, and when at Hull, lay at the hostlery of Jas. Robinson; he being examined, says they stayed with him from Tuesday to Sunday, but only went twice abroad, and said they were going to sell wool, &c. which they had at Hamburg. One was called Shaw; another man joined them, and said he came from beyond York. The woman was daughter to Lady Gifford, Rich. Norton's wife; the other merchant was called Conyers. It was said they were bankrupt merchants of London. They embarked in the George of Hull, and landed at Stade, 20 miles from Hamburgh. The other man went in the Hope, but I cannot learn his name.
	York, 14 Jan. 1570.
Jan. 14. Windsor.	29. The Queen to the Sheriffs of Cumberland, Westmoreland, and Yorkshire. Edward Dacre, younger brother of the late Lord Dacre, has not only aided in this late rebellion, but has departed the realm with the principals, and there continues, whereby all his goods, chattels, and lands are escheated to us.
	We command you to seize to our use all of them within your sheriffwick, and deliver them by indenture and on bonds for your discharge to Henry Kynvett, unto whom we have granted the custody thereof until we shall otherwise dispose of them. Such goods as cannot be long kept without loss, we command you to prize, and suffer Knyvett to have them at that price, by indenture or otherwise, as we shall hereafter order. [1½ pages. Draft corrected by Sir W. Cecil.]
Jan. 16.	30. The Queen to the Earl of Sussex and Sir Ralph Sadler. By yours of the 11th, we understand how you have diminished your numbers upon our frontiers, and nevertheless left in charge upon the East Marches 100 horsemen, and upon the Middle Marches 100 others, and 200 shot on foot, and stayed in pay 300 foot of the charge left with our Admiral, until you receive answer from us. We find no cause to retain any on the Borders in ordinary wages, nor yet the 300 stayed by our Admiral, but will that all be discharged as soon as may be. We doubt not, if service be requisite upon our frontiers, with such forces as the Regent of Scotland shall levy, to pursue them which aid our rebels, but that our three wardens can assemble a sufficient number to serve that purpose, with our ordinary forces in Berwick, and the ability that our Governor of Berwick may have to levy more soldiers. We doubt not but you will use your former credit to discharge them, until our treasure comes, which yesterday we gave order to be sent to you by Sir Ralph Sadler. We have advised our Admiral that the 300 under his command shall not remain in charge.
	We perceive that William and Christopher, two of old Richard Norton's sons, are taken, and likewise Thomas Norton his brother; we wish them all safely sent up to Court, with conductors, so as not to confer together, nor with any others; the like we would have done with Bishop, a Scotchman, if he be not already sent up, as the Earl of Warwick intended he should be, as one thought a principal instrument to stir this rebellion.
	P.S.—We lately willed our secretary to write you concerning certain custodies of lands and goods of certain rebels granted by the Earl of Warwick and our Admiral, whilst they had charge of our army in the South, amongst which we require you to have consideration of the custody appointed to Henry Knollys, whom you know what reason we have to regard, in respect of his kindred to us by his late mother. [1¾ pages. Draft by Sir Wm. Cecil.]
Jan. 16. From your house at Kenilworth.	31. Robert Earl of Leicester to the Queen. If it lay in the power of so unable creatures to yield you what our will would, you should feel the fruits of our wishes, as well as the continual offerings of our hearty prayers. We two here, your poor thralls, your ursus major and minor, (fn. 2) tied to your stake, shall for ever remain in the bond-chain of dutiful servitude, fastened above all others by benefits past, and daily goodness continually showed, the last not the least, where to our stake there stands so sure a staff as defends curs from biting behind: and then so long as you muzzle not your best, nor suffer the match over hard, spare them not; I trust you shall find they fear not who come before. And herein is the best and most indifferent trial, and to this end did I receive your gracious remembrance of the humble suit I made at my coming away.
	Now if it please Your sweet Majesty that I may return to my wonted manner, your old eyes (fn. 3) are in your old ill lodging here, very well, and much the better for the great comfort I have lately received, first by your Treasurer, and next by Mr. Topcliffe, of your healthful estate, which is what I most pray for, not doubting but God will add to it such continuance as we poor creatures have need, chiefly we that are left to your protection, as ursus major and minor, Sister Mary and Sister Kate, (fn. 4) who is here with me, and well amended; so may I find the other, whose life stands only upon your good comfort.
	You may see how boldly I enter into my wonted manner, but not believe how gladly I would be in my wonted place. Well, God, who has hitherto done for you for the best, makes me yield gladly to what I think shall be for your best, and only yourself I prefer at his hands before myself, which I have ever done, and continue to do. [1¼ pages.]
Jan. 17. Hartlepool.	32. Thomas Earl of Sussex to Sir Wm. Cecil. I received Her Majesty's letters touching Leonard Dacre, and understanding that he lies in Naworth castle with a hurt leg, I wrote to Lord Scrope to apprehend him, with advice for secret and sure dealing, and sent him Her Majesty's letter to me, for better understanding her pleasure.
	Allan King, Sir Hen. Percy's servant, has promised me to do what he can to get Robt. Shafto, whom he swears he has never seen since he wrote, to his master. I have written to the Queen for licence to repair to her, to inform her in matters for the government of these parts; pray procure it in such sort as my back friends take no ground to say I seek to come away before the service be fully done; meantime I will put all in such a stay as, upon the first warning, I may be ready to set forward.
	Mr. Wivell's son and heir was in the rebellion with the Earl of Northumberland, his master, and is detained by Simon Musgrave, with others, in those parts, contrary to my letters, on some intent of begging them of the Queen. He is my wife's cousin, and therefore I beseech you to procure his stay in Her Majesty's hands. He has neither lands nor goods, and if Her Majesty do not give him his life free, I wish, for my wife's sake, she would take a fine herself, although I pay part of it, rather than give him to be merchandised by others.
	I long since sent you the names and qualities of the prisoners, but the posts are very slow. I expect an answer daily from the Council, touching the Scottish causes, and my dealings with the Regent. I came hither to-day to view this town, and will return to Durham to–morrow.
	I perceived by your letters that our northern judges were thought over favourable, and therefore there was a meaning to send some southern judge; in respect thereof I stayed to proceed by commission of oyer and determiner, and wrote you that if any were sent from thence, Mr. Attorney should be one, although I think the Commissioners here would have been sufficient.
	My Lord of Rutland departed from me at Newcastle, and your son from Durham, four days after. I have written to my brother to move Her Majesty for stay of such suits as be against me in law for this term. Pray further this. [1²/3 pages. Printed in Sharpe's Memorials of the Rebellion, pp. 151–158.]
Jan. 18. Hartlepool.	33. Sir Ralph Sadler to Sir Wm. Cecil. Thanks for your solicitation for sending money, which will be welcome to many here, and rid me of much clamour. I considered Sir John Forster's demand unreasonable, and told him; he referred it to my Lord Lieutenant and me, and I mean to cut off a great deal of his demand, both in the wages of his horsemen and the number of his officers, and also to abridge the time for which he requires pay, for his whole number had not such a long continuance. As for the 600 men out of Berwick, Mr. Browne, treasurer there, says that the 300 of the garrison which came thence were supplied into the town for its guard, and those captains which came with the said 300, having but 50 a–piece, increased their bands to 100 a-piece, by order of Lord Hunsdon, so that Her Majesty is thereby charged with a new crew of 600, whereof my Lord Lieutenant and I knew nothing until it was done. The question whether they shall be in the Treasurer's pay or mine must be decided by my Lord Lieutenant when money comes. Lord Scrope demands no money now, but I knew not that he had any thence till your advertisement; yet by warrant of my Lord Lieutenant, he and Simon Musgrave have had at my hands 300l. imprest before he had any money sent from thence, whereof you may inform Mr. Mildmay.
	Thanks for getting me leave to return after payments are made here; pray procure Her Majesty's letters for my better warrant, that I may not be countermanded. I also thank you for my son Elvington. I trust Her Majesty will remember that the last time she conferred with me of his suit, she liked it so well that I thought she had resolved to grant it; had I been as diligent as some would for a son, it had been too far passed for Mr. Wiseman to stay it. If Her Majesty knew Mr. Wiseman as well as I do, she would not think him worthy of any benefit, for he is one of the greatest papists I know, and was in the North, in a very suspicious manner, with the Earl of Northumberland, not long before this last rebellion, and brought letters from the Duke of Norfolk. He favours this late rebellion as much as any man in England, and if he were asked whether he was here at that time and why, you might understand more.
	P.S.—My Lord Lieutenant came hither last night to view the town; he is so desirous to see and know all things that, though he had caused plans to be made of it, yet knowing it a matter of moment, he could not be satisfied until he had seen it. Now we are returning to Durham. [2 pages.]
Jan. 18. York.	34. Sir Thos. Gargrave to Sir Wm. Cecil. Before the receipt of Her Majesty's letters to seize the lands and goods of the rebels, &c., I had seized and taken inventories of as many of those passed by Lord Warwick as I could meet with. I have had 12 or 16 men abroad on this matter four or five weeks, and got displeasure, and some danger; but most of those who had warrants to seize goods to the Queen's use have carried them out of the shire, and their names cannot be known, for the people were in such fear that they made no resistance, before the proclamation that none but the sheriff or his deputies should intermeddle with rebels' goods.
	I have seen divers warrants made by Lord Warwick, the Lord Admiral, and Lord Hereford, who was marshal of the Southern army. I think a difference should be made between a rebellion in the Queen's own dominions and a foreign realm. In the one, the law gives the forfeitures to the prince, even should the offenders die before attainder; in the other to the officers in the wars. My Lord Lieutenant granted but one or two licences. Cattle and sheep have come to my hands by seizure, and I have no meat for them; if I buy it, they will soon eat up their value. Some have died by driving and lack of meat. The Queen orders me to keep the goods without diminishing, but it would be better husbandry to sell some than keep all. Pray send directions. [1 page.]
Jan. 19. Naworth Castle.	35. Leonard Dacre to the Earl of Bedford. The Earl of Cumberland being dead, I understand from my sister, the Countess, that the Queen has bestowed the wardship and marriage of the now Earl, her son, upon you; this I like well, for the friendship between our fathers, and my education in your house, your honourable inclination towards me, the devotion which the late Earl had towards you, and my good hope of your care over the young Earl. As nature fastens me to the root of that young imp, I account myself bound to all that further his wealth and honour; and as his whole estate rests in you, I crave of you to account me as one which will depend on him, and those which do for him. [¾ page.]
Jan. 20. The Rose [Castle.]	36. John Bishop of Carlisle to Sir Wm. Cecil. Considering the state of this troublesome time in these parts, the many hollow hearts touching obedience to the Queen, and the small number of true servitors;—also understanding the confederacy of the Borderers of Scotland with the late rebel Earls and most of our Borderers here, I recommend to you this bearer repairing to Court, as an approved servitor to the Queen. In this service against the rebels, he, with only a few of his company, skirmished with those passing by his house, and took 10 prisoners, while others conveyed themselves away. Understanding likewise his great charges, far above his means, by the passing to and fro of such as appertain to the Queen, and that he is a man of wisdom, experience, and courage, I beg you to further him to the Queen in all his suits, that he may be able to continue his liberal entertainment of her friends, which he cannot do without help. Let him be called before the Council to declare the state of this country, and give him credit. Further his suits that he may be shortly dispatched hither again, for I fear we shall have need of him and such others; he can not only conceive an attempt, but dare and do it himself. [1½ pages.]
Jan. 21. Durham.	37. Thomas Earl of Sussex and Sir Ralph Sadler to the Queen. Upon receipt of your letter to me, the Earl of Sussex, touching Leonard Dacre, then in Naworth castle, I sent it to Lord Scrope, and received the answer enclosed. We find that you conceive Lord Scrope will, when directed in your name, use means to get Leonard Dacre into his custody, but that he cannot do it without further assistance; thereupon we considered how his Lordship might be assisted with a force in secret, or Dacre apprehended by policy; and finding that his excuse of a hurt leg might stop all devices without force, we sent for Sir John Forster to confer with him about it.
	Sir John declared that his servant had returned out of Scotland, with the Earl of Westmoreland's answer to his wife; and that—at his being there,—a servant of Leonard Dacre, who came with letters from him to the Earl of Westmoreland and the Countess of Northumberland, taking him to be a servant of the Earl's, told him that his master was very sorry that the Earls thought ill of him that he did not come to them, and had sent him with letters of purgation first, and afterwards would openly show himself their friend. Perceiving afterwards that he was Sir John Forster's servant, he was abashed, and required him to say nothing of it. He replied that the matters touched noblemen, and it was not for him to deal therein; therefore he need not mistrust him. He assured us that Lord Grange wrote to Fernihurst that if the Regent would attempt any matter against him and Buccleugh, for receiving the rebels on the frontiers, he would deliver the Duke, Lord Herris, and all others in his charge. Sir John declared that the whole Borders of Scotland were prepared for defence of the rebels, and looked for the assistance of Leonard Dacre.
	Comparing this intelligence with the confessions of Bishop and Robt. Widdrington, and other appearances of the evil dealings of Leonard Dacre, we saw the perils that might ensue if he were not apprehended, and conferred with Sir John Forster in the whole cause, how Lord Scrope might be assisted with force, and how it might be most secretly and aptly executed. We wished to attempt it presently, and hoped success, yet weighing the greatness of the cause, the friendship of the man, the horse watch that such have for guard of their persons, the strength of his castle, its nearness to Scotland, and his confederacy there, and that, if upon a quarter of an hour's warning he should escape, the whole Borders of Scotland and a great part of those of England were like to break, we thought it best not to enter into execution until your pleasure were returned.
	When we remember how little faith has been kept in all their promises that entered into this rebellion, and see manifest appearances of ill intents in him, we dare not advise you to trust overmuch to his fair words; if he means ill and should be sent for, he would gather more suspicion, excuse himself by his sore leg, and either do as the Earls did, or stand the more upon his guard; therefore we think the likeliest way to apprehend him is to attempt it on the sudden with force, before his leg be whole.
	The means could more easily be drawn out of the Middle Marches than the West, for Lord Scrope has not sufficient force, nor can he assemble what he has without knowledge of the other; and if any shot should be sent to Carlisle, it would discover the whole matter.
	We think that the 400 in garrison on the Borders should be continued, and the 100 horse that are to be discharged in lieu of the 100 left by my Lord Admiral also, and the whole 500, with 100 shot of Berwick garrison, be placed upon the frontiers of the Middle Marches, under colour to defend the incursions of the thieves of Liddesdale and Teviotdale; so as these 600, with 400 or 500 horse that Sir John Forster may make upon the sudden of his assured friends, may meet at a secret place in the wastes towards the West Marches, and shortly after midnight be at Naworth, and beset the castle upon the sudden; and the next morning Lord Scrope and Simon Musgrave may raise the country and come to them. If the castle may not be gotten without ordnance, it may then be brought from Carlisle, with other things needful; and as there is little powder for the great pieces at Carlisle, powder may meantime be secretly conveyed from Newcastle to Hexham, whence it may be carried to Naworth in six hours.
	On our return to York on the 23rd, we will make proclamation for all soldiers to repair to the places we have appointed them to reside in garrison, and for the country to bring in victuals, &c., and the like shall be done in all the principal towns in Northumberland, and the places so appointed, so as it shall appear that they be only appointed to front towards Scotland for surety upon our first return to York. Our return will take away mistrust, make Leonard Dacre bolder and less on his guard, and so make his apprehension more facile.
	This we have imparted to Sir John Forster, and will to Lords Hunsdon and Scrope, and will so take order as, if Your Majesty's pleasure be signified, it shall be presently executed. If it take good effect, it shall be a greater surety to you, and a quiet to all these parts; will disappoint our rebels and the Scottish confederates of their greatest hope, and you may then discharge all your garrisons with more security; if he should escape, which it is not likely if one of his legs be indeed broken, garrisons should be left in the West Borders, and supplies sent to the other marches, lest the whole Borders of Scotland break upon the sudden, and some part of your Borders join with them.
	We beseech your pleasure with expedition, and if you licence us to repair to you, we will put all ready, so that if we meet your resolution by the way, we can give as sufficient direction to the wardens and others as if it came before our departing from York.
	We have also willed Sir John Forster to ask Lord Hunsdon whether he will go in person, or leave the whole to Sir John Forster's discretion. We send a copy of the Earl of Westmoreland's letter to his wife. [4 pages.] Enclosing,
	37. i. Earl of Sussex to Lord Scrope. I am ordered by Her Majesty to direct you to stay Leonard Dacre, so that he may be forthcoming; and as she has informations that move her to great suspicion of his doings, be very careful to use such means that you may be assured to apprehend him; for so her resolute pleasure is, as appears by her letters enclosed. You must deal warily and secretly, for if he intends ill, he is strongly friended, and may do much ill; the manner of apprehending him you can better devise there than can be directed here. [½ page, copy,.]Durham, 17 Jan. 1570.
	37. ii. Lord Scrope to the Earl of Sussex. I am ready to accomplish Her Majesty's pleasure to my uttermost, yet considering the importance of the cause, and its achieving much more likely to miss than to hit, I have kept it in great secrecy, revealing it to none save the sheriff, who I am sure will be the first to adventure his life; I defer the dealing therewith until your further advertisement, partly because the party, since the flying of the rebel Earls into Scotland, has been laid up through a fall from his horse, and has not stirred,—save that he was once conveyed in a horse litter to comfort the Countess of Cumberland, his sister, since the death of her husband,—so that if I should call him by letter, he will excuse his absence; and partly that he is now at Naworth, a house very strong, amongst the most disobedient persons of all this frontier, and so near the Border of Scotland as I can levy no sufficient force against him but, if he doubts, he will fly to the rest.
	Beside the Borderers, whom he has made sure with fair words and great promises, the whole country, as well the gentry as others, are so addicted to a Dacre, as although I find no fault with them in any other service, they are not to be credited in this; wherefore it would not be amiss first to try whether he will appear before you by letter; if he refuse, then you should send 400 or 500 arquebusiers to this town, under colour to lie in garrisons, with whom at a convenient time I could more secretly come to his apprehension; for without sufficient supply from you, he will not be come to by any force in this part. Yet whatever you determine, I shall execute to my uttermost.
	P.S—Considering the importance of the cause, I wish, before the matter is stirred, I might repair to you for your advice. [1¼page, copy] Carlisle, 18 Jan. 1570.
	37. III. Charles Earl of Westmoreland to his wife. I marvel that you, knowing my mind, besides duty, so well bent towards the Queen, should write so earnestly to me, as though I should both forget my duty towards her, which I will never do, and also you and my children. Which way has it been possible for me to send to you before? Now that I may send, I pray you deal first, with advice of Lords Sussex, Rutland, Hunsdon, and Sir John Forster, to know which way they think it best for me to make my humble submission to the Queen. My offence has been great in breaking the laws of the realm, yet not so heinous towards her own person, but if she be gracious unto me, I trust I might do her service in any place where she shall command me, to recompense this fault.
	Pray deal with Lord Sussex and the rest, that I may receive word from you and them by the last of this month; after that, God knows what shall become of me, for there will be no longer abiding here, for divers respects which I dare not write.
	P.S.—Command me to Yotwinks and all her little ones. [1 page, copy.]
Jan. 21. Durham.	38. Thomas Earl of Sussex to Sir Wm. Cecil. On receipt of Her Majesty's letters, I ordered the discharge of the 300 shot left by my Lord Admiral at Wetherby, and will consider this day of the Border causes.
	Christopher Norton and his younger brother be here, whom I will send. I have heard that William and Thomas are gone to my Lord of Warwick; if they be committed to any place within my rule, I will send them. Bishop cannot be carried without peril of life, and as he could not be brought hither, I caused the Bishop of Carlisle to re-examine him upon certain interrogatories, which, with his examination, the Bishop's letters to me, and a declaration by the Bishop of a treason intended for killing him and taking Carlisle castle, I enclose.
	I also sent for Robert Widdrington, who went on the message between the Earl of Northumberland and Leonard Dacre, whose confession is enclosed.
	Robert Shafto has offered, on pardon of life, to deliver the letters that were sent out of the West to the Earls at Hexham. I have promised, if he deliver matters deserving pardon, to sue for it, and if they are not worthy his pardon, then to put him safe where he will require, upon the Borders.
	I have ordered the sheriffs to leave the custodies, after seizures made and inventories taken, to all such as have the Lords' warrants, wherein I obey Her Majesty's pleasure in that which touches my own credit and honour. As to my cousin Knollys' cause, I would gladly have pleasured him before any man in the southern army except Charles Howard; but having granted Mr. Sadler's son part of the goods that he claims in his grant, and of such things as were 16 miles more North than the Lords came, and lay along the Tyne, I can hardly tell how to help that part, except I should revoke my own grant. Let me know Her Majesty's pleasure.
	John Vaughan, without any commission, has spoiled and sent away what the other seeks by order to have, so that little is left. The rest of his grant remains untouched and shall do. I will gladly do Her Majesty's command, but if all the custodies granted be confirmed, there is nothing left for any gentlemen who have served under me, for they have left nothing unbestowed. I would be sorry Her Majesty should be so abused by reports as to conceive they have not deserved as much as any others. King Henry VIII., in the rebellion here, sent the Dukes of Norfolk and Suffolk with a royal army to Doncaster, who were liked to have been repulsed there if the waters had not suddenly risen; and Her Majesty, by the only power and policy of such as served under me in Yorkshire, has put back the rebels into the bishopric out of Yorkshire, before one man was raised in the South; therefore I trust she will not discourage such as have done her this service, and put their lives in hazard to stay the brunt, before any southern power was heard of.
	I find, by letters from Lord Scrope, that it will be hard for him to get Leonard Dacre without further help, and therefore, having an intent to work this matter surely, I sent yesternight for Sir John Forster, before whose answer in certain matters I cannot resolve.
	The rebels remain where they did in Scotland. Sir Hen. Gate and the Marshal of Berwick did not find the Regent at Edinburgh, so they have gone forward to Stirling where he is. Lord Scrope advises of two French ships lately arrived in a haven at Galway, and of 12 Scotch gentlemen that went to sea in them, and are detained prisoners, and that the Sheriff of Galway hardly escaped. I trust Her Majesty will by your means license me to repair to her, for the causes expressed in my letter of the 15th. [2¾ pages. Printed in Sharpe's Memorials of the Rebellion, pp. 160–162.] Enclosing,
	38. i. Interrogatories to be administered by the Bishop of Carlisle to Thomas Bishop, upon matters contained in his confession of 20 Jan. 1570:—
	1. Which ambassador it was, and when and where a conference was had between him and the Earl, and if by writing, who carried the letters ?
	2. How he knows of the conspiracy between the Earl and the Lords named; whether they conferred themselves, and when and where, or used others, and whom? How he knew Simon Musgrave was to be sent out of the country as their messenger, and how he knows that Leonard Dacre meant the taking of Lord Scrope ? How he knows that Edward Dacre should kill the Bishop of Carlisle, and take the town and castle. By whom and by what means it should be done; and how he knows that Leonard Dacre meant to join with the Earls, and that it was the occasion of their coming into the country ?
	3. How he knows of the conspiracy between the Dacres and the Scots; and if there be any such matter, who were the messengers and practisers ?
	How he knows that Naworth was provided one month before for the Countess of Northumberland ? Also, that Thos. Bayles, [Rob.] Witherington [or Widdrington], and Peter Kirk, passed between Leonard Dacre and the Earls, and what Witherington's christian name is ?
	4. How he knows of the letters from the Spanish ambassador to the Duke of Alva, and that they were delivered to Markenfeld, and who brought them ?
	5. Whether he knows the three men of Northumberland who spoke with the Earl of Northumberland; and if not, whether he knows any other person that knew them ?
	6. Whether he knows any other persons privy to the premises, and whom ?
	7. What he knows of Wm. Carr's doings with the Earls at Staindrop, and what conference he had with them ?
	8. What he did at London at Michaelmas, with whom did he confer, and whether he was with the Spanish ambassador, or had any conference with any that dealt with him. [1½ pages.] 10 Jan. 1570.
	38. II. Affidavit of Robert Widdrington. On 10 Dec. at 5 a.m., I was sent by my Lord and Lady with others to Leonard Dacre, then called Lord Dacre, at Naworth in Gillesland, to request him to be mindful of his promise concerning the enterprise they had in hand, and to declare to him how they and their associates had been in camp six weeks at their own charge, whereby their money was almost spent, and they in great danger of overthrow, not being ignorant what power was marching towards them, and unless he would show himself their friend, and come to them with his power, they were like to be utterly overthrown, and all upon trust of him and his aid.
	He answered that on Tuesday next, he intended meeting my Lord Warden with all his power at Penrith, and that (as he thought it folly to come to them without some feat of service), he intended to assemble all his men, and if his company was great enough, to overthrow him; but if not able to meddle with him, he would return with all his power to my Lord of Northumberland.
	He also said he hoped to get Carlisle castle from the Lord Warden, and would keep it for them, and then send his brother Edward Dacre to his Lordship, with the rest of his men.
	On the 15th, my Lord, not hearing from him, sent me again to Naworth, with another letter; I said my Lord and Lady marvelled he had not kept promise, when he excused himself by saying he could not assemble his men (as some of them were at Greystock, and others in Burgh Barony, and must needs pass by the town of Carlisle) without great suspicion, until he and the Lord Warden should meet, which was appointed the next morning, when he would not fail to keep his promise, and show himself wholly on their side; thereupon I returned to his Lordship, whom I found at Hexham with all his company. [Copy. 1¾ pages, damaged. Noted that on 17 Dec., the Earls went from Hexham towards Naworth.] Durham, 19 Jan. 1569.
Jan. 21. Micheldever.	39. E. Clerke to Rich. Oseley. Lady Laurence of this county (Hampshire), a godly woman and great housekeeper, at whose house the Queen was last summer, was summoned last November before the Court of Requests, rode to London, but found the court prorogued. She requests to be spared appearing any more, and to be allowed to appear by attorney, so pray get Mr. Sackford's hand for the said permission.
	P.S.—Add to my account for November 10s. which I lately received for the office of buckhounds. I sent you my November account. [1page.]
Jan. 21. Hexham.	40. Sir John Forster to Sir Wm. Cecil. As great suit will be made for the stewardship and ordering of the castles and lands of the Earl of Northumberland in this country, I tell you my mind in discharge of my duty. In the time of this late rebellion, I received commission from my lord lieutenant, by all the means I could, to get into my hands the castle of Alnwick and Warkworth, which I obtained with difficulty, as they were guarded with a good number of armed men of the Earl's servants and tenants. I have kept them in safety for Her Majesty, as they are within my wardenry. I have, by further warrant from my said Lord Lieutenant, the keeping of them until Her Majesty's pleasure is known, as Sir Ralph Eure, Sir Robt. Bowes, and other wardens of the Middle Marches in times past have had. I doubt not but you will consider how necessary it is for these two castles to remain in her hands, as her father and brother enjoyed them, and always reserved them for their officers and wardens of those Marches, whereby they might be able to do the better service; for if Her Majesty should appoint any nobleman to be her lieutenant or warden of the Marches here, other than one of the country that has houses of his own, she has no house upon the Borders fit for any such officer to lie in, nor any sure gaol to punish offenders, other than those two castles.
	For want thereof, I have been troubled ever since I have been her officer, and have been forced of late to desire the gaol of Durham for the safe keeping of offenders, and yet they have escaped. Consider how unfit it is that any favourers of the Earl of Northumberland should have the stewardship of those lands, or keeping of those castles, considering where the Earl himself now is, and what practices might be used therein. [1¼ pages.]
Jan. 22.	41. The Queen to the Earl of Sussex. Thos. Bishop, a Scot born and yet our subject, has been in the custody of Rich. Dudley, towards the West Borders, by order of the Earl of Warwick, and has great understanding of the original circumstances of this late rebellion.
	We wish him to be safely, secretly, and without conference, brought hither, and therefore require you, with all speed, to order Dudley to bring him up, and to direct in our name sufficient authority to Dudley for assistance in conducting him. As Bishop is wounded in the head, and it may be dangerous carrying him, we require you to order that he be well looked after for his cure, and fall not into any danger of his life by the way. We would have Dudley move him to make a full declaration of all things meet for us to know concerning this rebellion, and to procure it either under his own hand or by testimony of honest persons, if he is in a desperate state, and not able to be brought hither. We hear of no other prisoner that knows more of this rebellion, and we wish therefore that he be not without some comforts to provoke him to utter his knowledge.
	By your letter, we see your disposition to repair to us and inform us of things necessary to be done on the stay of this rebellion, and we are content, after you have finished things needful for the stay of that country, that you repair to us, leaving the care of our frontiers to our Wardens and the rest under your charge. [2 pages. Draft by Sir Wm. Cecil.]
Jan. 22.	42. The Queen to Sir Ralph Sadler. You desire to return to us this term, and we think it necessary, in respect of your office of Chancellor of our Duchy of Lancaster, as soon as you have given order for the payment of our treasure lately sent down thither, not doubting but you can inform us of divers things necessary to be known for the better order of that country. [²/3 page. Draft by Sir Wm. Cecil.]
Jan. 24. Northallerton.	43. Christopher Rokeby to Sir Wm. Cecil. I should have written you of the miserable state of these parts, but I thought you had plenty of advertisements, yet I marvel that some sit quiet whose part I think so foul; I mean Leonard Dacre. I doubt not but you understand some part of his doings, and I could open more, if it be your pleasure. He is one that the country might well spare, and his things might be beneficial to you or your well-willers. To win credit with my Prince, I have overcharged myself in this service, without respect of the great debt I was in before, besides the spoil of my house and goods with the rebels, and most part of my tenants have been spoiled by the Southern army, so that now, without the Queen's help, I shall never be able to serve her or live like a gentleman, wherein I must only crave your help, who have hitherto been my good master.
	P.S.—There are divers practices made by the Queen of Scot's means with foreign princes, which may bring this land into further trouble if great foresight be not had; in these parts are many hollow hearts who look for a change, notwithstanding the sharp executions that have been. [1 page.]
Jan. 24. Berwick.	44. Henry Lord Hunsdon to Sir Wm. Cecil. I hope the packet with the letters to my wife has come to your hands. Touching my letter to the Countess, I trust Her Majesty does not forget that at my departure she gave me credit to use my discretion. After my coming hither, the Earl of Westmoreland and the rest being so secretly kept that no man could get knowledge where they were, hearing where she was, I thought I could use no better means than make some errand to her, and so wrote a few lines, a copy of which is enclosed, as also of hers to me, and thus I got perfect knowledge where they all were, as also of her removing to Hume, of which I advertised the Regent; he had no knowledge of it before, for both Fernihurst and Buccleugh had denied the leaving of any of them to the Regent; this was the cause of my sending to her, wherein I trust I have given Her Majesty no just cause of offence.
	I am advertised that upon Sir Hen. Gate and Mr. Marshal's being with the Regent, Westmoreland and some of the rest are shifted from Fernihurst and Buccleugh, but I know where they are, and I think they will not be in any place, either in Liddesdale, Teviotdale, or the Marches, but I will get knowledge where they are. I did think that Her Majesty believed so well of my faithfulness that she would rather have approved than misliked any practice for her service. If I have offended her, it was more for her service than for affection to the lady or any of the rest. It shall be a warning to me how I deal in any matter without sufficient commission, but may perhaps be small furtherance to her service.
	I have heard that credit has always been committed to such as have held this place, and neither my credit nor profit be equal to others that have been before me, yet to serve Her Majesty I will compare with any. Thus have I shown the cause why I sent to that lady, which I pray you declare to Her Majesty, and because I have no leisure to write to my wife, satisfy her of it. I dare assure you that Sir Henry Gate's going into Scotland will be in vain; today and to-morrow they shall know what to trust to, and if they cannot obtain what they go for, no other shall do it, for so the Regent has told them.
	Do what you can for my coming up, for it stands upon my undoing. Mr. Jennyson has gone this morning towards Court, and will be there shortly. [1½ pages.]
Jan. 24. Carlisle.	45. Henry Lord Scrope to Sir Wm. Cecil. Upon Her Majesty's letter to the Earl of Sussex, I received his order for getting Leonard Dacre into safe custody, to answer matters to be objected against him. I advertised his Lordship that if Dacre had any suspicion, he would be hard to come to, lying at Naworth, his chief force, and so near Scotland; that it were better, until other force might be sent, to spare him than to attempt suddenly and let him escape; and that his Lordship should send hither 400 or 500 shot, under colour of garrison, as the forces here were not to be credited in that service. He replied that I should continue the matter in great secrecy, until he received further advertisement from Her Majesty. It would be convenient to know whether he was a good subject or not, and if he be ill, some good and sure device should be had for cutting him off, and the sooner the better; it must be done by others than the forces here, and both secretly and in time, otherwise he will and is able to bring much greater peril to the State than those before.
	P.S.—I enclose a letter from the Earl of Westmoreland, in Scotland, to my wife, as neither of us will have any dealings with him. [1 page.] Enclosing,
	45. I. Charles Earl of Westmoreland to his sister, Lady Scrope. As I have always been beholden to you for your goodwill, I think myself most bound to you that you do show your goodwill to me in this my adversity. Pray send me news out of England, and some good words, if you can, of my Lord (?) Grace's and of your old friend that owned the blue and white silver chain which you sent my wife for a token. I pray you that I may hear from you, either by writing or else by some trusty friend or servant, and I will send you some words by them more at large. I trust that though your husband be Her Majesty's officer, yet he will show some goodwill to me, his poor old friend, for divers respects, which I dare not now write, and I trust to God that we shall yet be as merry as we were when you were named Angelica. [1 page.]
Jan. 25.	46. The Queen to the Earl of Sussex. Upon receipt of your letters in answer to ours for the apprehension of Leonard Dacre, we considered both the importance of the cause that moved us to commit the speedy execution of this service unto you, and the great hindrance and danger that may grow to the State by the delay; finding by your letter that, whereas you might— being yourself not far from the place, and having the assistance of our forces — have executed this service, you have nevertheless protracted the time otherwise than was requisite, we find this manner of dealing very strange. We do not disallow your conferring with Lord Scrope and Sir John Forster, yet we see no cause why you should so much doubt the strength of Leonard Dacre, but that you might— being our Lieutenant in those parts, and having our whole forces at command — have proceeded to apprehend him, without tarrying for our further resolution, considering by experience that small delay in matters of such importance is wont to breed further incon- venience. We think it strange you should remove to York before this service was executed. However, seeing you have taken another course, and we now see no other means to bring our purpose to pass than the resolution you have lately taken with Lord Scrope and Sir John Forster, we think good that you rest thereupon, and go through therewith as speedily as you may. [1¼ pages. Draft.]
Jan. 26. Carlisle.	47. Henry Lord Scrope to Sir Wm. Cecil. I understand Her Majesty's pleasure is that Thos. Bishop, one of the late rebels taken in the West Wardenry, should be sent up to the Court. In his taking he was very sorely hurt, and is in the custody of Rich. Dudley, at his house 20 miles hence, and, as Dudley has reported, very sick. I have not had anything to do with him, save giving special orders for his safe custody; when health shall serve him, I trust he shall be forthcoming at pleasure. Please deliver the enclosed letter to Geo. Carey. I hear the Regent has been killed, and fear it is too true. [¾ page.]
Jan. 28. Newark Castle.	48. Sir Fras. Leek to Sir Wm. Cecil. Before receipt of yours for apprehension of Gerard Lowther, Rich Clyburne of Clyburne, gentleman, Thos. Turner and Laurence Busher, servants of the Duke of Norfolk, and Thos. Clyburne and John Craggs, servants of Rich. Lowther, came to this town, and brought three of their masters' geldings. I have examined them, and Turner showed me protests against the Dacres and others, and a letter of attorney from the Duke of Norfolk. Turner confesses that Lowther came with them to Royston on the 25th, but left at 4 a.m. next morning, saying he was riding to speak with a friend but would meet them at Huntingdon, and they have not seen or heard of him since. His own servants deny all this. I hear of a marriage concluded between Lord Wharton's daughter and Rich. Lowther's son.
	I think Cumberland the part of the realm most needing care, for divers of the rebels yet remain in Liddesdale. Now that this tumult is ended, I beg licence to return and visit my sick wife in Derbyshire.
	P.S.—I send this letter "for life," that order may be taken for Lowther before he has fled far; he is not well-horsed. The Earl of Sussex and Sir Ralph Sadler will be here to-morrow. [1 page.]
Jan. 29.	49. The Queen to Thomas Earl of Sussex. We were content, according to your desire, that you should come up after things were stayed in that country, but upon this sorrowful accident by the death of the Regent in Scotland, we wish you to stay within your charge, and to send to all the three Wardens to consider how to make our frontiers strong to withstand any sudden incursions of our rebels, or of the Scots, their factors and friends, which, upon the death of the Regent, who was the only stay of peace upon the Borders, may be attempted if they find our Borders unfurnished. Bid the said wardens advise you of their several opinions, and what they require for their maintenance, so as either yourself may, if the case urges speediness, give aid, or we may direct orders for it. Sir Ralph Sadler is forthwith to repair into Scotland, and Thos. Randolph is ordered to hasten before, and not tarry for Sir Ralph. [1 page. Draft by Sir Wm. Cecil.]
Jan. 29. Noon. York. On horseback towards London.	50. Thomas Earl of Sussex to Sir Wm. Cecil. I have written to Lord Hunsdon, Sir John Forster, and Lord Scrope, for the apprehending of Leonard Dacre, that they may all join. I am sorry that Her Majesty, by mistaking her former directions for Leonard Dacre, takes my doings in ill part. I was not directed to apprehend Dacre otherwise than to direct order therein to Lord Scrope, which I did; and when I understood his answer, I wrote what I thought fittest to be done, and delivered better intelligence of his ill doings than Her Majesty had before received. I enclose copies of her letters to me, and pray you to compare them with mine to her and Lord Scrope, and his answer, and inform her of her directions to me, and of the peril that might have ensued to me if I had attempted force without her foreknowledge, and if he by mischance should have escaped, and the Borders have been presently broken; thereupon I trust she will allow better of my doings than she has hitherto done. I put the copy of the Earl of Westmoreland's letter to his wife into the Queen's letter; if she did not find it there, it is very strange. [1 page.]
	P.S.—There lacked not will in me to apprehend Dacre, and I have devised the likely way to do it, but all acts here are so hardly interpreted, that men are afraid to do further than plainly directed. I had rather this were told you by others, as I am the patient in the case. [On a separate scrap.]
Jan. 30. York.	51. Sir Thos. Gargrave to Sir Wm. Cecil. The rebels, when in the bishopric of Durham, spoiled the bearer, Sir Thos. Calverley, a young man that had newly set up house and furnished it, leaving him nothing whatever to relieve himself, his wife and family, nor to pay his rent, and there were none there who were known to favour religion that they left unspoiled. The bearer proclaimed them traitors, levied men in the bishopric, and went to Barnard castle to Sir George Bowes; left them there, and returned to Newcastle, where he was diligent in watch and ward and defence of the town. He is of Lincoln's Inn, learned in law, and honest in religion. If any are relieved, pray help him. [²/3 page.]
Jan. 30.	52. The Queen to Thomas Earl of Sussex. We perceive that you have stayed James Lawder and Alex. Bogg, two Scotchmen who brought our passport for going into Scotland, and considering the late accident of the death of the Earl of Murray by devilish practices, and that we have addressed a commission for our councillor Sir Ralph Sadler to repair to Scotland, we require you to stay them until our further pleasure, or till our said councillor shall have entered Scotland, as the said Scotchmen may have some secret charge to trouble that state, which they shall the less attempt if our said Councillor be first in Scotland. Though we were first pleased that you should come hither to impart to us your opinion on things there, yet upon this accident we wish you to remain there till we hear further out of Scotland; meanwhile you as our president, and our Council with you, having commission of oyer and terminer, should indict all persons culpable of this late rebellion, and arraign and try as many of them as may by process or otherwise be brought to trial, omitting nothing to convince them of their traitorous offences; for such as cannot be apprehended, it is to be considered how they may be attainted.
	We also require you to cause inquisition of what lands, goods, and chattels ought to come to us by escheat, by reason of the said rebellion, and cause them to be seized by our officers and kept to our use, and let us know their value; though we cannot presently confer with you, if there be anything meet for our knowledge, advise us by your letters. [2 pages. Draft by Sir Wm. Cecil.]
Jan. 30. Newark.	53. Thomas Earl of Sussex to Sir Wm. Cecil. I received this night the enclosed letter from Sir John Forster, and last night I understood from the other Wardens that they desired supplies of garrisons. I have answered them all that at my coming to Her Majesty I will move her therein, and meantime I doubt not but they will defend their charges from all incursions with the forces they have, which I trust will suffice, for it is to be conceived that Scotland will offer no great and open violence to England, until they know how they shall agree amongst themselves.
	Thanks for your letter of the 27th. I have left all things in good quiet, and trust they will so remain, and hope to see you in three days' time. [1 page.] Enclosing,
	53. i. Sir John Forster to the Earl of Sussex. The Scots have risen and seized much goods, but the country people rescued them, slew one Scot, and hurt others. The whole Borders are ready to break out, taking liberty by the death of the Regent, and having with them the late Earls and their accomplices, thereby they think to have many wellwishers in these parts; the rebels talk largely of hurt to the Borders; some in England are expected to help them. Let more horsemen be sent, for there are but 2,000 horse and 200 foot within my office, and it is horsemen that can do most service. [1page.] Alnwick, 28 Jan. 1570.
Jan. 31. Stilton.	54. Thomas Earl of Sussex to Sir Wm. Cecil. I received two packets of letters to-day from Her Majesty and you, and shortly after I met Mr. Randolph near Stanford; whereupon, conferring with Mr. Sadler, we resolved, as we were so far forward, to speak with the Queen before we returned; so I wrote, as commanded to all the Wardens, and bade them advertise my vice-president, Sir Thos. Gargrave, of all necessary demands and lacks, which he would satisfy as far as possible. And because it would be some time before any footmen could be sent to Lord Hunsdon and Sir John Forster out of Yorkshire, and Lord Hunsdon could suddenly levy 400 or 500 good shot, I wrote him to do so, if needful for defence of Northumberland, and to send to Sir Thos. Gargrave for what he lacked besides.
	I sent the Queen's letter to Sir T. Gargrave, and bade him write as I had done to the Wardens. I had ordered 300 horse and 3,000 foot to be ready on short warning, but now I have ordered him to muster both horse and foot, and send them forward as the Wardens require. I have ordered Sir George Bowes to have 100 horse ready in the bishopric, and committed to him the care of the bishopric and Richmondshire, so that all things specified in the Queen's letters will be as amply executed as if I were present. When I have spoken with her, she shall direct the time of my abode.
	I have just received the Queen's letters of the 30th of the same effect, but not being commanded to return if I have set forwards, I keep on my journey, and hope to be at Court with Mr. Sadler, on Thursday about dinner time. [2½ pages, holograph.]
Jan. 31. Newcastle.	55. Wm. Cocks to Sir Wm. Cecil. In the absence of Mr. Sutton, I have received from Jas. Spencer, master of the ordnance of the army levied in the South, by command of my Lord Lieutenant, all his remains brought to Newcastle, which were in tolerable order, the ways and time of the year considered; I commend his painful service. I have laid them up in places thought most convenient, considering the ruinous state of Her Majesty's manor house where the old store remains, which I signified in a former letter. Mr. Sutton is there present, and knows the wants and decay of the storehouses, and the new devices appointed if it shall please Her Majesty. I have made an abstract where timber may be had with small charge and workmanship, and other wants and charges. My Lord Lieutenant and Sir Ralph Sadler will declare they are not great, and the benefit will countervail the charges in one year. If there should be any service upon the sudden, 300l. will not put in order the ordnance, munition, &c. in the storehouses there.
	As the keeping of the manor house is meetest to him who has the charge, I think the keeper ought to give attendance both day and night, as well for the preservation of the Queen's goods as for looking after the artificers and others. I enclose copies of all my receipts in Mr. Sutton's absence, part of which lie in lofts in the town, at Her Majesty's charge, until a portion of those houses vacant in the manor, which may well be spared, are appointed to receive them, whereby she will have all her munition together, and be unburdened of rents.
	I am compelled with anguish of heart to complain, my 26 years of service considered, age creeping upon me, never having any reward at the Prince's hands, and these 3¼ years no means of entertainment. Pray be a means that I may have my wages and entertainment meet for my service. I could do Her Majesty profitable service if put in trust. [1½ pages.]
Jan. 31. Carlisle.	56. Henry Lord Scrope to Sir Wm. Cecil. I wrote you how I was directed by the Earl of Sussex to apprehend Leonard Dacre, and my opinion that this country was not to be trusted in that service, to which his Lordship replied that he would know Her Majesty's pleasure before he advised any attempt by force, and willed me to keep the matter as great secret as might be. Until yesterday I rested without further direction, but have now received two more letters from his Lordship, touching the apprehension of Dacre, one describing the way and order to be used therein, and that the order might be the better executed, the other is directed to me, to Simon Musgrave, and to Dacre himself, in order that I might send him this letter, and call him hither, or meet him elsewhere, to confer for the strength of this frontier, and so under that pretence apprehend him.
	To accomplish this I wrote to Leonard, who sent me the answer enclosed, stating that on account of the great pain of his leg, he cannot stir, but if I would come to him he would gladly give his advice, so that I shall deal no further therein without new direction. I assure you he is not to be touched with the force of this country. I may levy a good number, yet few will be found to execute their force against a Dacre. Pray consider this matter, and be a means for sending hither 500 men in garrison, whereof 200 to be horse and the rest shot, with a small proportion of munition, which is as greatly needed.
	P.S.—I have received Her Majesty's warrant for seizing the lands of Edward Dacre, but we think it convenient not to intermeddle therewith until her pleasure be executed towards his brother. [2 pages.] Enclosing,
	56. I. Earl of Sussex and Sir Ralph Sadler to Lord Scrope. We have thought this accident of the murder of the Regent a convenient occasion for the apprehension of Leonard Dacre, without force or peril, by getting him to repair to you for conference of the Border causes, and to that end we have written to you, him, and Simon Musgrave; we doubt not but you will send the letter to him, and induce him to come to you at the castle or some place where you may stay him, or else, under colour of news from the Borders, procure some sudden assembly where he may mix with you, and you have opportunity to take him, using care and foresight that no advantage be overslipped. [½ page, copy.] York, 28 Jan. 1570.
	56. II. Thomas Earl of Sussex and Sir Ralph Sadler to Henry Lord Scrope, Lord Warden of the West Marches, Leonard Dacre, and Simon Musgrave. You, Lord Scrope, have advertised the traitorous murdering of the Regent of Scotland, and doubting that thereupon disorder may grow upon the Borders, you have required to have garrisons appointed thither. Although we defer our answer until Her Majesty's pleasure is known, yet as we are about repairing to her, to understand her pleasure in the whole direction of these parts, we require you to meet and confer upon their present state, and advertise us of your opinion with all speed, that before our return from Her Majesty, we may impart the same to her, and know her pleasure. [1 page, copy.] York, 28 Jan. 1570.
	56. III. Leonard Dacre to Lord Scrope. I have received yours and my Lord Lieutenant's letter directed to you, Simon Musgrave, and me, for executing which you desire to have me with you at Carlisle next Wednesday. I would with right good will satisfy you as my duty is, but the soreness of my leg, with the extremity of my journey in my litter to Brougham, brought me into such a contagious ague that since my coming thence, I have never left my bedchamber, neither upon men's shoulders nor by any other means, as before that travel I might have done. Wherefore I must beg that you and Simon Musgrave will take part of an ill dinner with me here on Wednesday, where I shall gladly join my simple head with you for the least service of Her Majesty and benefit of our country; or if you think fit to send Musgrave with some other of your Council, I shall be glad to join with them in like sort. [½ page, copy.] Naworth castle, 31 Jan. 1570.
Jan. 31. Carlisle.	57. Henry Lord Scrope to Sir Wm. Cecil. By your letters I understand that it is Her Majesty's pleasure to have Gerard, brother of Richard Lowther, apprehended. Accordingly I have caused secret watch to be laid for his coming into this country, and written to Rich. Dudley, a gentleman of good credit and secrecy, who dwells within two miles of his brother's house, by all secret means to learn of his repair thither, or to Mr. Middleton's, the fatherin-law of Richard Lowther,—to one of which he will most likely resort if he comes in these parts,—and to apprehend and bring him safely to me. I have also appointed Christopher Dacre to cause the like to be done about Mr. Duckate, his brother-in-law's house, within three miles of Middleton's. I have in like manner authorised Dacre for his apprehension, who can both wisely and secretly go about the same. I shall endeavour to the uttermost in this or any other Her Majesty's service.
	I enclose you a certificate of powder and munition requisite to be laid here in readiness, for the speedy dispatch whereof I beseech you to be a means, so that the same may be sent from the Tower, for there is no good store in any of the Queen's storehouses in the North. [1 page.]
Jan. 31. Hampton Court.	58. Barnard Hampton to Sir Wm. Cecil. Having delivered to my Lord of Leicester the letters that you sent me from Berwick, on conference thereon by the Council, they resolved to move Her Majesty for a further strength upon the Borders towards Scotland, until these doubtful times be overpassed, the particularities whereof Her Majesty has appointed Mr. Carey, of the Privy Chamber, to declare to you by mouth. Nevertheless, lest it might seem strange that she would commit a matter of importance to any person's report of speech, without letter or other signification, she sent for me this afternoon, and commanded me to advertise you in her name that, as she has appointed Mr. Carey to open her pleasure for the number of men, both horse and foot, that are to be provided, where they are to be levied, and what munition, money, &c. are to be sent thither for this service, she requires you, when you have con ferred with the Lord Keeper and Sir Walter Mildmay, to consider how this service may be the best and most speedily furnished, and either cause the needful warrants to be drawn there and sent hither for signature, or send your directions how they are to be framed here.
	P.S.—Since writing hereof, Her Majesty sent for me and commanded me to begin the warrants for this service, but being neither at the consultation in Council, nor understanding what had been resolved upon, I can frame no perfect dispatch until I have your opinion. I have just received a packet of letters from the Earl of Sussex and Lord Scrope, which I will impart to Council as soon as I find time. [1 page.]
Jan. ?	59. Note of the value of lands belonging to rebels in Yorkshire, the bishopric of Durham, and Northumberland; also list of 13 rebels, and the value of each of their lands. In Yorkshire, the Earl of Northumberland's lands, Wressel, Leckinfield, Topcliff, &c., are valued at 457l. 12s. yearly; the Earl of Westmoreland's at 330l. 11s. 5d., and 12 others' from 400 marks to 18l. In Durham, the return is the same as made Jan. 6 [see No. 10. I., supra]. In Northumberland the rebels' lands are supposed to be worth 800l. or 900l. a year. [2 pages.]
Jan.	60. List of 30 rebels and fugitives whom the Earl of Sussex, Lieutenant-General in the North, demands to be delivered, by the Lord Regent of Scotland's order, to the Wardens of the Marches; including the Earls of Westmoreland and Northumberland. [½page.]
Jan.	61–63. Notes of fees received [by a clerk of the Privy Seal, Rich. Oseley?] for the months of Sept. [1565?], May 1569, and Jan. 1570. [3 papers, 1 page each.]