Elizabeth: March 1560

Calendar of State Papers, Scotland: Volume 1, 1547-63. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1898.

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'Elizabeth: March 1560', in Calendar of State Papers, Scotland: Volume 1, 1547-63, (London, 1898) pp. 327-344. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/scotland/vol1/pp327-344 [accessed 24 March 2024]

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In this section

671. Grey of Wilton to Cecil. [March 1.]

I beseech you so to consider the declaration of Sir Nicholas Strange and Randall, that a sufficient number of men, &c., be allowed us. I see all the charges must rest on the Queen: so give them especial credit even as though I were there myself to express my mind, and dispatch them with all possible speed. As I am now appointed lieutenant of that journey, with but 66s. 8d. per diem for my diet, table, &c., ye knowing well how little it is for that purpose, and my own ability: it may please you to move for an increase at the Queen's pleasure. I trust ye remember order for Sir James Croft's going with me. Berwick. Signed: Wyllyam Grey.

1 p. Holograph (?). Addressed. Indorsed.

672. The Queen to the Queen Dowager. [March 6.]

We received yours of 18th February brought by a gentleman of yours, with a herald, and as you require us, we have "not only with our owne mowthe" but also by our Council, declared our good mind to peace to the ambassador of our good brother of France, as he will advertise you: assuring yourself we mean peace, however contrary the proceedings of others have been, in taking and "as it were seking to bereve us of our kingdom, by using our armes and our stile, tytle and seale," &c. But trusting God hath altered the mind of the French King and Queen therein, and seeing the good and amicable conference our ambassadors hath had with the King, and his councillors your brethren, and we also with his ambassador here, in whom we find very good disposition thereto: therefore if you also be herein conformable touching Scotland, which we as next neighbour thereto "covett to remayne in the prystyne estate of governaunce and obeysaunce to your daughter our syster the Quene, and to her husbond our good brother the Frenche Kyng," we doubt not good and perfect amity shall continue one towards other. As for the attemptates surmised to have been done by William Wynter, we have directed inquisition to be made by our cousin of Norfolk, and any disorder corrected, as we have declared at more length to the French ambassador. Our palace of Westminster [ ], March, 2d of our reign.

Broad sheet. Draft noted by Cecill. Addressed. Indorsed: "M. to the Dowager of Scotland vj° Martij 1559."

673. Lord Ruthven to Cecill. [March 6.]

It will please you to remember the acquaintance betwixt us in London and Wyndsoir, in the times of my lords Dukes of Somerset [Symmersyde] and Northumberland, when I found that friendship and kindness that I shall not forget. Knowing your good and godly mind towards "furth setting of the trew word of God and the unioun of thir realmes in greter amite nor in tymes bypast hes bein," I thought expedient to advertise you, that since the beginning of this enterprise, I have been one of the furthsetters thereof to my power, and shall continue God willing, to the end. And desiring to se it have "ane ferme and unfailyeabill ruit and ground," require your good help therein, as one in such place that may greatly further it. I dare not write to the Queen, not being "with hir Majesty as yeit acquentit," but desire by you my most humble service may be commended to her highness, till I may have better commodity to "vesy" her Majesty, as I trust may be shortly, as the bearer will show. Commending you in brotherly love to the ever living Lord.

Ruthven. Signed: Patrik Ruthwen.

1 p. Holograph. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill): "6 Martij 1559. Lord Ruthen."

674. [Cecill] to Mr Sheeres. [March 6.]

Instructing him as to the Queen's objects in sending a force of men to her frontiers, and her navy to Berwick, on the suit of the Duke of Chatelherault and the nobility associated with him—which is meant only to preserve the realm of Scotland from utter subversion by the French: that if he hears contrary reports by them or other ill disposed persons, he may satisfy them of the truth. As the French King seeing her readiness, has sent offering to accord the injuries done by using the title and arms of England, and to leave Scotland free, her Majesty willing to peace, has been contented to give ear (though she has no cause to trust them) and has agreed to articles, a copy whereof he will receive herewith.

pp. Corrected draft. Indorsed (by Cecill's clerk): "To Mr Sheeres from my . . . vj Marcij."

675. Francis II. to Arran. [March 7.]

Accrediting to him the Bishop of Valence, one of his privy council, with matters to communicate on his behalf. Amboyse. Signed: Francoys. At foot: De L'Aubespine.

½ p. French. Addressed: "A mon cousin le Conte D'haran." Indorsed.

676. Mary Queen of Scots to Arran. [March 7.]

Accrediting the Bishop of Valence on her behalf. Amboyse. Signed: Marie. At foot: Aubelin.

½ p. French. Addressed. Indorsed.

677. Huntly to the Queen of England. [March 7.]

I understand by the bearer's report lately come through your realm, your Majesty's good mind to the liberty of this realm, and good opinion of me undeserved. God, who has the hearts of princes in his hands, has stirred up your Majesty to support this realm, and put in your hands and power the perpetual concord and union of this isle. As I will not "fasche" your Majesty longer, I have instructed this bearer with my mind and "sobir" opinion, to whom it will please you give audience and credit. Perth. Signed: Hwntlye.

1 p. Holograph (?). Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill): "7 Martij 1559, Erle Huntley to the Q. Majesty."

678. Huntly to Cecill. [March 7.]

I received your letter from this bearer, and thank you heartily for his good treatment, and reminding me of our old familiarity, and love which I bore to my native country. Ye are not unmindful of your labours "sum tyme" for the unity of the two realms, and I thank God ye are in such credit with your sovereign, that ye may accomplish the same. Whereto I will do my best, and desire by you the Queen may understand my true mind therein. And when ye hear the bearer, to whom give firm credit, ye will not greatly marvel that I have not yet united with my lord Duke, Arran and the rest of the nobility of the Congregation. Perth. Signed: Hwntlye.

pp. Holograph (?). Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill).

679. Huntly to Lethington. [March 7.]

I thank you for your good mind to me at all times, and counsel to this my servant in England, by whom I understand your proceedings and labours. I have spoken the lords lately in Perth, and upon the motive the bearer can show you, have sent him this journey, praying you to give him good counsel and convoy. And how soon ye come home, I would ye took the pains to come over to me, for the "weill of all besines as ye sall ken at meting." Innerpeffray. Signed: "Your gud friend and cussyng, Hwntly."

½ p. Holograph (?). Addressed: "To my rycht trest cusing William Maitland of Lethingtoun." Indorsed (by Cecill).

680. Lord James to Norfolk. Elizabeth. 1559–60. [March 8.]

After leaving Berwick, I safely arrived in Fife, and found my lord Arran at St Andrews, ready to go to St Johnston to meet Huntly. I went with him, and found Huntly willing to further these matters, as testified by his letters sent to the Queen and Master Cecill by his accredited servant. If it please your grace, "thai wryttingis suld be kept in stoyr for all aventeures." Since returning from Huntly on the "fyift of this instant," I have been constantly travelling in the sea coast towns, preparing victuals against the arrival of the commissaries, and in preparation of our folks to meet you on the day. If any "lat" come on your side, let us know, as we look for "nayn." Pittenweem. Signed: James Stewart.

1 p. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill's clerk).

681. Lord James to Cecill. [March 8.]

As travailing with my lord Duke of Norfolk and all times before, I have found the favour of God prospering his work in the hands of his servants, "evin so perceave I still, and sensyn his blessing allwais to contineu thairwith." Huntly and great part of the north I look will keep the "affixit" between the Duke and us, as I trust you shall be certified by his own writing, which I would wish were kept "in stoyr." I hope in God that but very few of the nobility shall not join them. If God grant us "guid luk" and success in this journey, I am persuaded the matter all godly men have long looked for, and wise men travailed to bring to pass, shall be by God's tender mercy happily achieved to our comfort and great felicity of "the aages to cum": and seeing it comes near the birth, "lat no ernist laubourar. (as you be) faint in the Lordis work." Pittenweem. Signed: James Stewart.

1 p. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill's clerk).

682. Arran to Norfolk. [March 10.]

I met with the Earl of Huntly at St Johnston this last "Monunday the ferd of this instant," and find him "applyable" to join in this action, both in religion and concerning the common weal. He has promised to be with the Duke my father and me "betuix and the appointit day of metyng." This bearer his servant is come from him to me, directed to the Court with his mind. Burntisland. Signed: James Hammylton.

½ p. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill).

683. Arran to Cecill. [March 10.]

[To the same effect as preceding.] Huntly has directed this present bearer with letters both to the Queen's Majesty and to you—"the copy quhairof I wald ye suld send to me, to the effect that I may haif suir knawlege gif his writtingis aggreis with his commonyng." Burntisland. Signed: James Hammylton.

1 p. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill).

684. Cardinal of Lorraine and Duke of Guise to the Dowager of Scotland. [March[12].]

2 pp. In cipher. Enclosed in Lord James's letter to Norfolk of 17th March. For the decipher, see next No.

685. The Cardinal of Lorraine and Duke of Guise to the Queen Dowager of Scotland. [March[12]]

"Madame—" the bearer has made good diligence with your letters, for we had received no news from you since "Protestant the courrour" came, and the Queen of England has kept us in alarm of war, and been stirring the coals. She has forgotten nothing whereby to draw fruit of her evil disposition, if she had found things in case to go through with her business. Yet she has given us the fairest words of the world, whereunto the King has not so much trusted, but has advertised the King of Spain of her doings: who has answered, there is no cause to disallow his intent and chastise the rebels in Scotland, and will give him as many vessels, men and victuals as he will, and so has written to the said Queen. She seeing her hope defeated, begins to use other language, causing her ambassador say, that what she has done has been only for "jalousye" of her realm, and fear to be taken unawares. So it seems she repents going so far, and before this come to your hand, we believe you shall see her intents are "waxed verye colde." And if what her ambassador said be true, you shall understand the whole story by a man whom the Sieur de Sevre the French ambassador in London has sent to you. Yet we send back this bearer by way of Flanders, to tell you we think your rebels will be "farre from their rekeninge," if they make account of "the said ladyes protection," or else there is much dissimulation. Yet the King knowing after what sort to trust Englishmen, is preparing 24 great ships, with intent (if the said lady continues her evil disposition) to succour you with them, and other forces in readiness.

Meantime he has sent the Bishop of Valence, a privy councillor, to the Queen to learn plainly her meaning: which if good, then to come to you, to assay to appease things and win time.

The thing, Madame, that grieves us most, is we are hindered sending you money as oft as we would be glad to do in your need; which we durst not venture, nor our brother the Marquis, for the evident danger. But it cannot be long or some way open, and then you may be sure Madame, we will not lose one quarter of an hour.

Now Madame we must with you lament the evil that this matter of religion may bring into a realm. It has so gone to work here, that within these 12 or 15 days a conspiracy has been discovered to kill us both, and then put the King under masters and governors, to instruct and bring him up in this "wretched doctryne." And an assembly of a great number hereabout was to have been held, not without comfort and favour of some great ones, between the 6th and 15th of this month to execute the same. So without help of God and intelligence we had from all parts of Christendom, and disclosures of some of the conspirators, it had taken effect. But being discovered and many prisoners made, we hope it shall be "bowlted out" and the danger avoided. You shall be more particularly advertised hereafter, if the way be freer.

Montignac is presently arrived "upon the depeche"; whereon order shall be taken out of hand.

pp. Contemporary hand. Indorsed with 2 other deciphered letters to the Queen Dowager (by Cecill): "B. 12 Martij—20 Martij. Letters deciphred from France to the Queen Dowager." Decipher of the letter No. 684 ante, from French into English.

686. Norfolk to Cecill. [March 14.]

I enclose letters from Lord James, and others addressed to you. I hear they prepare their forces to meet ours on the day appointed at our last conference at Berwick. But on receipt of your letters of 7th, I wrote to Arran, Lords James, and Ruthven, putting off the day till 28th of this present: and now again on receipt of her Majesty's and yours of the 10th, I have written to them putting off till the 31st —which will scarcely please them. I have also written to Chatelherault and said lords to beware of the French temptations and stand fast. Likewise to Mr Wynter not to attack the French in the Frith unless they provoke him: but still to stay all succours to them. Newcastle. Signed: Tho. Norff.

(fn. 1) The news here is that Lord Ambros Dudleye is dead—which if true I would ask you to sue the Queen for the office of the Ordnance for my cousin Sir George Howard, who should order it as well as any other.

1 p. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill's clerk).

687. Lord James to Norfolk. [March 15.]

I understand by your letter of 11th from Newcastle received from the admiral, that you have delayed the day of meeting till the 28th. Whereof I have advertised the country, who will keep it as well as they were ready to do the former one. I have sent my lord Duke's writing to him with my best advice, and persuade myself he will hearken thereto. I hope that the French craft, "bowsterit" with falsehood and lies, to trap both you and us, shall reap no fruit, but that God will manifest their wickedness to the world, and enable us both to avoid their snares. Beseeching your grace to be earnest to stop the evil mouths and bind the wicked hands of the common enemy. St Andrews. Signed: James Stewart.

I trust ere now you have my writings of Huntly's "adjonction" in the cause.

1 p. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill's clerk).

688. Balnaves to Sadleir. [March 17.]

This day I received your letter of 14th, and have seen the contents of the Duke's letter to my lord James. Arran was not here, but is with his father at "Glesquow" preparing for the journey— his letter is sent to him, and writings to his father, warning him of the contents of your letter and the French ambassador's practices, which are so well known here, they will get no place. Let not my lord Duke nor none of you there, doubt anything, but hasten forward your army. We meant to have "tane" the field on the 20th, but on the Duke's first letter appointing the 28th, we deferred to the 23d and 24th to meet at Stirling, and this diet we dare not alter, or our people on any stay, will cast doubts; and specially the Queen Dowager noises abroad that your army is stayed, and the Queen has fully agreed with the French King: and the day before the Duke's letter came, she made it manifest in the country that England would not keep the day first appointed to us. So make all diligence forward, for I dare affirm so long as I have vote in council, French practices shall not detain any of our lords here. And I would ye noised ye will enter Scottish ground 2 or 3 days before ye come, to make the French go sooner to their holds, and our folk come sooner out. Huntly has promised all we could wish, and many others have joined since we returned from Berwick. Livingston the gentleman stayed in England, delivered a letter to a Scotsman, sent to the Queen Dowager from her brothers the Duke of Guyes and the Cardinal of Loraine; which letter was presented this day to my lord James, and is all written in "zepher, conteyning ane scheit of paper; and becaus thare is non here can gett the understanding therof, it is send to Mr Cicill in this packet, the whiche the Dukes grace may oppyn, if it please hym. It apperis thare is mater of great importance in the said lettre, if it can be diszepherit." St Andrews. Signed: Henry Balnaves of Halhill.

pp. Holograph. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill's clerk).

689. Lord James to Norfolk. [March 17.]

I received yours of the 14th from Newcastle, and understand thereby your "stay to the last of this instant, to cum upoun necessiteis of preparatioun." As our power was warned to meet in Stirling on 24th, that as you wrote, we might have met you on the 28th, we dare not for wasting our provision, alter the same, but shall take the easier journeys from Stirling to meet you "this last day but (fn. 2) faill." I thank you for the good advice about the craft of the French. This day I received a letter sent from the Duke of Guise and Cardinal of Lorraine to the Queen Dowager. Being in cypher, and seeming to contain the chief points of their devices, I enclose it in this packet for Sir William Cecill, if peradventure he can find any there able to disclose it, which I doubt not should do us both pleasure, for here is none able to do it. So your grace will please despatch it. St Andrews. Signed: James Stewart.

I have sent my lord of Arran's letter to him with my best advice to his father, for presently they are together.

¾ p. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill's clerk).

Inclosing the letter in cipher No. 684.

690. Norfolk, &c. to Cecill. [March 19.]

Having written to the Duke of Chatelherault of the report made concerning him by the French ambassador in London, touching his submission to the French King, he has replied, and sent Thomas Randall hither with credence for his "purgacion." I enclose his letters, and have made Randall put his credence in writing, also enclosed, and have presently dispatched him back to the Duke. When in Scotland, he got a copy of the beginning and ending of a patent granted by the French King and Queen, when he was "King Dolphin" (herewith sent), where they use the title and arms of England and Ireland, and he tells me he saw and handled the original. He also says the Duke and the lords make all preparation to come to the field on the "deferred" day, and that Huntly does the like, and their party and power daily increase, rejoicing to join us and expel the French. Yesterday I heard that 8 ensigns of French left Edinburgh and Leith last Friday (fn. 3) for Stirling: and Randall tells me the Duke, being advertised "a sevennyght past," that they would do this, sent men towards Edinburgh to know, but at Randall's leaving Glasgow on Friday last at 1 p.m., the Duke had learned nothing. He also said Arran and Lord James intended to levy forces to attack the 4 ensigns still in Stirling, and desired of Wynter aid of 500 harquebusiers: whereof likely the French have intelligence, and therefore send the reinforcements to Stirling, either to maintain the town, &c., or withdraw their men to Leith. Newcastle. Signed: Tho. Norff., Wyllyam Grey, R. Sadleir, G. Howard.

pp. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill's clerk): "xxth of Marche 1559, Dux Norff. to my master."

Inclosed in the same:—

(1) (Chatelherault to Norfolk.)

Your letter of the 11th shows me the malice borne to me of this French nation, who by false reports and "unhoneste" means, seek to hinder my credit with the Queen of England, as by no other means they can change my purpose or fail in my promise to such a princess. "By my honour, I never had anie suche thought in my hede, as that that the French embassadour falsly hathe burdayned me with unto her Majestie, nor never wrote or cawsed letter to be wrytten into France or unto anie man ther, sens the commynge of my sonne into Scotlande, or at the leaste one monethe before." I desire you to credit the bearer Mr Randolf as myself, whom I have charged with my mind. Glasgow, 15th March 1559. Signed: "Yowr l. assuretly, James Hammylton.

1. p. In Randolph's writing. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill's clerk): "xv of Marche 1559 Erle of Arrain (sic) to the Duke of Norff."

(2) (Randolph's credit.)

Credit committed to Thomas Randolphe by the Duke of Chatelherault to the Duke of Norfolk lieutenant, &c.

(1) You shall confirm to the said Duke in as many words and as amply as you can, what I have already written to him, and declare (2) That on my honour and faith to God, I had no such thought, and have sworn and given bond to the other lords of the Congregation, never to talk or communicate with the French or their faction, without consent of the most part. (3) That if the Queen suspect me, contrary to my promise with the other lords sent to her by the laird of Lethington, and confirmed to the said Duke by the late commissioners, I will whenever demanded, deliver to her Majesty any son I have or may have (except my eldest, who cannot be spared in this action) to assure my fidelity; or if not thus satisfied, I will put my eldest son "in state" of my lands, and yield myself into her hands, to live where she pleases, that some time I may enjoy her presence.

You shall thank the Duke for his letter and refusal to credit this report by my enemies the French, "be he Kynge, Quene, embassadeur, brother or other," offering my self to fight herein with my equal, or assign one to fight with my inferior, "to the meneste that beggethe his brede."

Finally to continue his favour to this poor country and further its action. Remember the lords' request to Wynter for 500 men, and declare the state of things as you know.

pp. In Randolph's writing. Indorsed (by him).

691. Chatelherault to the French Ambassador. [March 21.]

Hearing that you have informed the Queen and her Council that we have lately sent to the King and Queen of France to ask pardon for ourselves and our friends, of crimes committed in this country: it is utterly untrue that we have done so, and if any man in France (the King excepted) maintains it, we give him the lie. And if you yourself do so, we have 100 gentlemen "de nostre nourriture," the least of whom is your equal, and will when you are discharged of your office, answer in person to you in this quarrel, that you have falsely and "malheureusement menty." Hamilton. James Duke of Chastellerault.

1 p. French. Contemporary copy. Indorsed.

692. Note of Assumption by Francis II. [March.]

When Monsieur Dardois secretary to Monseigneur le Connestable (fn. 4) took the ratification of the peace in name of the King Dauphin, to King Philip during the life of the late King Henry, he gave it to Monsieur Darras (fn. 5) in this style: "Francois par la grace de Dieu Roy descosse, Dangleterre, et Direlande, Daulphyn de Viennois, &c." And when the lord of Arras heard that England was comprised, he laughed. "Je vous assure, je vous assure, croye moy."

½ p. French. Contemporary hand. Indorsed: "1559 Intelligence of a commission wherein the French King used the stile of England."

693. Arran to Norfolk. [March 21.]

By your letter of 14th from Newcastle, I see you hasten Huntly's servant, whereof I am glad, believing his master will keep promise. I thank you heartily for advertising me of the French practice against my father and the other lords—assuring you they will never go back from their promises, knowing the French "pretent" is but to put us and our country in thraldom, which we will maintain to the death. The deferring the day of meeting will do little "skayth"; but I travail that the country be not discouraged at your long tarry. Hamilton. Signed: James Hammylton. I refer you to my father's letter as to the French doings, and enclose his letter for the French ambassador at Court, with a copy of it, that you may see how he desires the matter to come to light, to shame the inventors.

1 p. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill's clerk).

694. Chatelherault, &c. to Norfolk. [March 21.]

We wrote to you before of the French coming here. Before leaving Glasgow, we left some soldiers in the bishop's palace and "stepill," to drive time for 48 hours, till we assembled our friends. But they surrendered to the French, a company of whom entered to spoil the "graith," and in a tower of the palace, where a barrel of powder was hid, it "fyrit throw and of thair luntis," (fn. 6) and burned a great many men, whereof 13 are dead, one a principal captain. The French horse seeing 30 of our men left in the town, charged them: they stood at the "brig," slew 8 French, part were defeated and part escaped. The French soon after, knowing we determined to give battle, left the town for their "strenth," without sound of trumpet or "tawberoun," when my lord Arran followed with the best horsemen, skirmishing them at Callander wood, "to draw the chace on"; where they remained 2 hours, "and durst nawis brek ony of thair cumpany fer verray feir, doutand the ambusche quhilk wes laid for thame of befoir." And with great haste "frathine," marched in order of battle, horse and foot, doing no skaith in the country. So they have got no advantage, and "he" (fn. 7) knowing our other purpose, came back to provide for the army, leaving one company of horse to keep them from scattering and destroying the country. We have appointed our folks to be in Glasgow the 26th instant to come forward and join you, praying you do the like, as ye think good. Glasgow. Signed: James Hammylton, Ard. Ergyll, Alex. Glencarn, R. Boyd.

1 p. Addressed. Indorsed: ". . . the Erle Arr." (sic), &c.

695. Norfolk, &c. to Cecill. [March 21.]

Ye shall receive herewith letters to me the Duke from the Queen Dowager, by one of her trumpets who arrived yesterday, more to spy than otherwise. I sent him back at once, and to-day have sent an English trumpet to her with my letter, copy whereof is enclosed. Yesterday morning Guillam Chaperon the Frenchman arrived from Scotland, who came lately from De Seure the French ambassador in London with the Scottish herald, and is now returning. I hear from him that the French "inseignes" for Stirling, are now directed to Glasgow, to "levie" the siege of Lord Semple's house by the Duke of Chatelherault—though this is most untrue or we should have heard of it by Thomas Randall who left Glasgow the same day the French marched from Edinburgh. The truth is, the French seeing the lords gather their forces to join us, do what they can to hinder it, and thus repair to Glasgow; or it may be they have a purpose on Dunbarton. I send you copies of the ambassador's complaint against Wynter, which you sent hither, and Wynter's reply. To-morrow we repair to Berwick, and have ordered the army on Monday night (fn. 8) next, to encamp in Berwick bounds. Newcastle. Signed: Tho. Norff., R. Sadleir, G. Howard, F. Leek.

1 p. Addressed. Indorsed. Wafer signet: quartered shield with garter ribbon, ducal coronet above.

Inclosed in the same:—

(1) (The Queen Dowager to Norfolk.)

Sending him a copy of Queen Elizabeth's reply to her own letter of complaint against Wynter's disorders,—showing that she has directed the Duke to enquire into these. Requesting him to take order therein, and signify in "write" by the bearer, what day and place is appointed for the trial. Edinburgh, 17 March 1559. Signed: La bien vostre, Marie R.

½ p. Addressed. Indorsed. Wafer signet: Scotland impaling Lorraine (indistinct).

(2) (Norfolk to the Dowager.)

Having received her letter of 17th yesterday by her trumpet Drummond, with copy of the Queen's his sovereign's letter to herself, and memorial of Wynter's "attemptates," he has already written to the admiral, in order that if he has misbehaved himself, as her grace alleges, redress may be the sooner devised. Being informed that though the French ambassador in London promised the Queen, that their garrisons should retire into Edinburgh and Leith and surcease hostility during this treaty and communication had with him for redress of late innovations, yet sundry ensigns of them have left Edinburgh, Leith, and Stirling towards Glasgow, to annoy Chatelherault and the other lords, he sends this bearer to know her grace's mind therein.

1 p. Indorsed (by Cecill's clerk): "Copia," &c.

(3) (Charges against Wynter.)

"The attemptatis committit be Williame Winter sen his arrivall in the Frethe."—

First—On 23d January last he took 2 ships of the King and Queen's, and their captains James Cullane and Fairand, with soldiers, mariners, artillery, munition, &c.

On 24th, he took a hoy "frauchtit" from Leith to Fife, 2 "bastardis," a "moyane," 2 falcons, with "equippage," 6 barrels cannon powder, 6 of small powder, and 2 of "twiche" powder, 4 hagbuts of crook, 60 "tressis" of cords, 60 yokes, "80 hemmis and brechynnis," 150 bullets to the bastard, 100 to the moyane, 40 to the falcons, lead in "platis," 3 pieces of iron and their "chalmeris," &c. Also 40 barrels of meal, 1 piece of wine, "punscheonis" of beer, and great "nowmer" of bread. Also sundry other ships, a hulk with horses of the King's subjects, passengers', fishers' and travellers' boats. Also took and holds the Bishop of Orkney prisoner, and one John Fentoun whom they caused pay a ransom. Also many other offences to be specially declared.

¾ p. In same hand as the Dowager's letter. Indorsed (by Cecill's clerk).

696. Norfolk, &c. to Cecill. [March 22.]

We send you these letters received this morning, whereby you shall see how the lords of Scotland seem determined to give no ear to the French practices, and are loath that any time should be lost in this journey. This morning the Queen's letters of 19th arrived, with the articles of the treaty and conference with these lords, and your letters to me the Duke. Being ready on horseback to go to Berwick, we bid you farewell. Newcastle. Signed: Tho. Norff., Wyllyam Grey, R. Sadleir, G. Howard, F. Leek.

1 p. Written and addressed by Sadleir. Indorsed.

697. Randolphe to Norfolk. 1560. [March 25.]

Since last arriving here, I wrote to your grace (which I hope has come to your hands), advertising the Duke's, his son's, and others' great good will to perform their promises, and still see their daily travail to make themselves worthy of the favour and friendship they have found. And no alteration in them, though the Dowager's ministers, I assure you, practise to that effect. Yesterday the Lairds of Drumlanrig, Garlies, Lochinvar and Applegarth arrived here, who have joined, and earnestly travailed with the Duke to persevere, though there came one from the Dowager "as not sent from her" to entreat communication on the matter. To same effect Lords Erskine and Hume have written to Lord James, copy whereof and his answer I send you. So as far as I see, it must be debated at point of sword rather than communication, and the lords are determined not to fail their day and place to meet their friends. Of the French doings here, I wrote to your grace in my last: they were so intolerable that much hatred was engendered even in their favourers. The country gathered so fast on them, that they left sooner than they meant, and in better order than they came, for fear of attack. They left their purpose on Hamilton and went to Lithcow where they remain, saving M. Doysel, who left yesterday for Edinburgh, and sent 60 horsemen to Stirling, it is thought to convoy the rest thence. I think it shall be to their advantage as the lords are determined to put them out before joining you as they intend in 2 days, God willing.

To show you the nature of a well disposed prelate, I send copy of an intercepted letter privily sent to Mr Gawen Hamilton abbot of Kilwinning, only to give terror to my lord Duke, and put him in fear of the issue of the matter in hand. The Duke was so much offended at the bruit of his revolt, that he caused a letter in French to be written to the ambassador, as he thinks in your hands by this, with other letters. He now thinks it had been better to send it by his own servant, than have troubled you, but leaves it to your wisdom to keep or send it. Glasgow, written in haste, the 25th at 6 a.m. Signed: Thomas Randolphe.

2 pp. Holograph. Addressed. Ink much faded.

Inclosed in the same:—

(1) (Lords Erskine and Home to Lord James.)

We your friends and kinsmen perceiving the great troubles now in this realm, and greater like to be, if as bruited an English army enter, require you to let us know if ye would be contented to commune by yourself with us, and reason the matter at length. We will spare no pains therein, if it may profit, for we are near the Queen's grace, and think she will agree to anything reasonable. Desiring you to advertise us of some convenient place to meet, that we may exoner ourselves of our duty first to God, next to our country and friends. Referring the rest to the bearer. Edinburgh, 19 March 1559. Erskin, Alexr. Home.

½ p. Copy in a Scottish hand.

(2) (Lord James to Lords Erskine and Home.)

Your letters dated Edinburgh 19th March, I received at St Andrews next day, and perceive your compassion on the miseries of this our country, "maist tyranfullie persewed and oppressit be the Quene Drowriar" and her faction the French: though you appear to be more troubled by the bruit of an English army entering. Considering your favour to me, your friend and kinsman, I was moved to thank God, &c. [Ends abruptly.]

(fn. 9) The rest of the letter for lack of time, could not be sent to your grace.

¼ p. In same hand as last.

698. Maitland to Cecill. [March 27.]

Though since coming to "thir" parts, I have not finished any great work, I have not been idle. I have by letters and messages so travailed with Morton, that I am in some assurance of his joining with his friends. There are some particularities between the Duke of Chastellerault and him, for lands and civil causes, wherein it is "convenient" he have good security—which obtained, I think there shall be no more delay. I have written to the Duke of his demands, and doubt not he will agree to all; and you shall know within these 8 days. I fear no Scotsman showing face against us, and so soon as we take the field, order shall be taken to induce all the neutrals to a manifest declaration. There will soon be few of them, and though I love not to promise uncertainties, and therefore write less, I hear nothing of our part misliked.

The laird of Ormiston assures me the 4 Scots ensigns with the French are now fewer than 120 men, and before the siege 10 will not be left. That the French exceed not 2200, whereof 2 ensigns are come to Dunbar, where they look to be "asseged" on your entry. Stratagems are in working to destroy their powder and victuals, but success is doubtful. I hope to see the Queen's support so embraced by all Scotland, that she shall think her charges better bestowed. The young lairds of Cesford and Ferniherst are already gone to the "Dukes grace." I have not yet spoken with Lord Hume, and cannot assure his part—though not plain friend, he dare not be enemy. Let no suspicion of our untruth enter your head, unless we give cause, and assure yourself if anything fall out otherwise than the Queen expects, I will give her warning and not cover or dissemble it. I trust we shall to-morrow enter Scottish ground. The Queen's ministers here shall see my mind to do her service, as well as to the common cause. Berwick. Signed: W. Maitland.

pp. Holograph, also address. Indorsed.

699. Randolphe to Sadleir. [March 28.]

Nothing worthy advertisement has happened since I last wrote to my lord Duke. The Duke here, and his son the earl, have written to his grace they will meet him the last of this present. As the French are still at Lythco and Stirling, and their movements uncertain, the Duke here is forced to come with the company now with him, leaving the rest of his friends to follow in a day or two. When assembled, I hear they will be very near 8000 men. The water is so grown between those in Fife and us, that it will be longer or Lord James and his friends join the rest: but it is hoped the French in the above places will depart either this day or tomorrow, which will greatly advance our purpose. It is said the Dowager after long doubt whether to go to Edinburgh Castle or Leith, is now resolved to go to the castle this day. I send the copy of a letter sent this day to each of 26 or 30 lords (Montgomery being one) that either lie by or show themselves enemies to this cause. On Saturday next (fn. 10) the Duke departs hence, and I trust on Sunday night (fn. 11) will meet the English army. I wrote on 22d and 25th to my lord's grace since last coming, and sent them by the Carlisle post. [Glasgow] in haste. Signed: Thomas Randolphe.

pp. Holograph, also address. Indorsed (by Cecill).

Inclosed in the same:—

(Circular to the neutral lords.)

Signifying to them that as notwithstanding the cruelties of the French, they have neglected to obey a summons to Glasgow on the 25th instant to join the writers: These now intending to meet the English forces at Achison's haven in Prestonpans on Saturday next, summon the neutral lords as "trew native Scottismen" with their kin, friends, tenants and servants, "weill bodin in feir of weir," with 30 days' victuals, to meet at Linlithgow on Saturday next, to pass forward and expel the French, on pain of being held plain enemies to their country and assisters of the enemy. Glasgow, 27 March 1560. "Be your gud freind as cause requiris."

1 p. In a Scottish hand.

700. Norfolk to Cecill. [March 29.]

I send you letters received yesternight from Randall, also letters from the Dowager, sent to me by her trumpet, who came with mine from her. Also copy of my reply to her, which I have sent by the pursuivant of this town, and returned her trumpet; thinking it good to write thus under the Queen's instructions, now that Lord Grey is entering Scotland. The two days' delay of treasure hindered the army marching: but this night they encamp at Dunglas, and I trust will keep the day appointed with the Duke and the lords. I cannot tell if Huntly is with them or not. Some say he has sent his son with his power, and will follow.

Wynter is to receive the hostages, and but for the stormy weather and contrary wind, they would have been here ere this. Lord Grey is to receive the lords' confirmation of the articles signed and sealed, and thereon deliver the Queen's under her great seal, which could not be done before the army entered, from your so late dispatch. Berwick. Signed: Tho. Norff.

1 p. Addressed. Indorsed.

Inclosed in the same:—

(1) (The Dowager to Norfolk.)

We received your letters by the trumpet "namyt Midcalf," as to Winter's attemptates. That matter is "notour" enough and needs no further delay, seeing the letters your Queen has written to us, and those you have sent. As for the garrisons dispatched from Edinburgh, &c., towards Glasgow, they were sent by reason of a proclamation by the rebels to convene without our licence on the 20th and 21st instant, to usurp our authority, and also their invading our subjects and their houses, specially Castle Sempill. The King's ambassador in London made no mention to us of any such promise as you allege, to abstain from hostility: yet we would have done so, but for the said proclamation and other acts. We doubt not your sovereign would not be content that another prince "suld mell" with her rebel subjects, and we believe not she will assist ours: but if she do, we believe in God we shall be able to resist such injustice. To have more perfect understanding of the promise that ye write is made to your sovereign, give sure passage to the bearer sent to the ambassador to know the truth. Edinburgh, 25th March 1560. Signed: La bien vostre, Marie R.

1 p. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill).

(2) (Norfolk to the Dowager.)

I received your grace's letter of 25th by your trumpet James Drummond, and notwithstanding your grace's allegations as to Wynter, yet on due examination, it appears his acts were caused by just occasion ministered by the French in Inchkeith, &c., besides other offences in using my sovereign's arms, stile, and title, for which no redress though promised, has yet been made. Wherefore considering my office in these north parts, the great forces lately arrived from France in Scotland, preparations for a greater one coming not only for the conquest of Scotland, but against this realm, in discharge of my duty, I must impeach the same, unless your grace speedily remedies it, by withdrawing the French from Scotland, and leaving it to its own laws: and if any of the Scots oppose the just authority of their Queen, I shall be ready to aid her if need requires: meaning only the surety of my sovereign's realm and the quiet of Scotland. Berwick, 28th March.

1 p. Copy by Railton. Indorsed (by Cecill).

701. Sadleir to Cecill. [March 29.]

You may blame me for not sometimes writing privately, but I had nothing else than in our common letter. So pray pardon me, and knowing your toil rather increases than diminishes, I hold you excused for the like fault, "if it be any." I trust we shall do well here; like you there, so here we are of divers opinions, yet think Leith not "inexpugnable," though being strong with many good soldiers in it, it will take time and more charge than we "can now resolve here." The greatest want of our chieftains is money, which had, they care less for the rest. They are of good courage hereto, and Sir James Croft, to whom I made your commendations, will show himself serviceable, notwithstanding his late warning. God knows what care I have had, and if it please his "Divine Majestie" to set a good end thereto, I would wish to be at rest if it so please him, and leave the joy to our posterity. Berwick. Signed: R. Sadleir.

1 p. Holograph, also address. Indorsed (by Cecill's clerk).

702. Confirmation of the treaty of Berwick. [March 29.]

The Queen of England seeing the danger both to Scotland and her own realm, if the French succeed in their designs, confirms and ratifies the accord made at Berwick between her lieutenant general in the north, and the Lord James Stuard and others of the nobility sufficiently authorised, for the present delivery of Scotland from danger of conquest, and mutual defence of both kingdoms from the unjust enmity of France, as contained in a particular writing thereto annexed. Under her great seal. Westminster, 2d of her reign.

7 pp. Draft corrected by Cecill. Indorsed (by him): "29 Martij 1560. Confirmation of the compact betwixt the D. of Norfolk and Scotland."

(1) Fair copy of the same.

4 pp. In another hand.

(2) Fair copy of same.

3 pp. In a different hand.

(3) Another corrected draft of same.

pp.

703. Grey of Wilton to Norfolk. [March 30.]

This night, alarm was given us by the folly of some "lewed boddie" of our company, yet unknown. In the midst of it, Chatelherault's servant brought the enclosed letters, which I made bold to open, and one to myself, also sent. He (fn. 12) said the Duke had driven the French out of Stirling, since he wrote. We are hitherto welcome, and victuals are brought to the market cross as cheap as in Berwick. This morning by 6 of the day, we intend removing towards Dunglas, where I purpose to lay an ambush of light horse and 500 or 600 foot to give our neighbours of Dunbar a good morrow on Sunday morning, if they issue, as is likely. At the Camp. Signed: Wyllyam Grey.

I pray to be commended to my Lady's grace, Mr Sadleir, and Sir Francis Leke.

½ p. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill).

704. Sadleir to Cecill. [March 31.]

Seeing the army is now in Scotland, and lack of money great, beseeches him to travail therein. What is 20,000l. more or less in a prince's purse, in the prospect of such an advantage as setting the French and Scots at such enmity, that the former can never as formerly, attack England that way! And what a disgrace if the army return re infectâ for want of money, leaving the Scottish lords in danger and desperation, either a prey to their enemies or forced to join them against England! Berwick. Signed R. Sadleir.

pp. Holograph. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill).

705. Grey of Wilton to Norfolk. [March 31.]

I would have written from Dunglas, but our haste thence was sudden, and news little. To-day passing Dunbar on our march, I sent 50 or 60 foot with Sir Henry Percy's light horse to occupy Dunbar, till our rear, &c. was past. The French had 50 horse and 200 foot in their trenches, but though offered fair play, would not issue. For my son with 30 men going nearer than near enough, they discharged their pieces almost in their beards, and one of his men was stricken through his jerkin, doublet, and shirt, and his skin not pierced. They liked not that "tyrevollant," and retired to their strength. Eldercarr then seeing a chance, charged an enemy and lighted in a "stale" laid of purpose, and was rescued by Tremaine and Peter Myus and 3 or 4 of my band, or he had been taken or slain. They slew 3 or 4 French, but Myus shot through his right knee-bone. We are now at Linterne brigges, without loss of man, woman, child, horse, bag or baggage. We hear the laird of Grange has distressed 20 or 30 French foragers between Leith and Musselburgh, and taken the lieutenant of Monsieur la Beroche (Brosse?). I beg commendation to my lady's grace, and might present her with 2 or 3 French saker shot, though not meet balls for ladies' play! Lintonbriggs, "Sondaye." Signed: Wyllyam Grey.

Postscript.—I enclose some letters received. I beseech commendations to Mr Sadleir and Mr Leek.

¾ p. Addressed. Indorsed (by Cecill).

Footnotes

  • 1. The rest holograph.
  • 2. i.e., without.
  • 3. 15th.
  • 4. De Montmorency.
  • 5. Cardinal Granville.
  • 6. i.e., matches.
  • 7. Arran.
  • 8. 25th.
  • 9. Note by Randolph.
  • 10. 30th.
  • 11. 31st.
  • 12. Randolph.