Spain: April 1524 | British History Online

Calendar of State Papers, Spain, Volume 2, 1509-1525. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1866.

'Spain: April 1524', in Calendar of State Papers, Spain, Volume 2, 1509-1525, (London, 1866) pp. 614-626. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/spain/vol2/pp614-626 [accessed 24 April 2024]

April 1524



5 April. M. Re. Ac. d. Hist. Salazar. A. 31. f. 2.	629. Articles Of A Projected Truce between the Emperor, the King Of France, the King Of England, Venice, Switzerland, Milan, and Genoa. 1. The truce is to be binding on the actual parties to the war, and on those who may be their confederates when the Pope shall publish the truce. The Pope is to publish the truce as soon as he is informed of the intentions of all the belligerents. 2. During the truce each party is to remain in possession of such territories, towns, castles, &c. of the duchy of Milan as they possess when the truce begins. 3. The truce is understood to be broken if any one of the contracting parties occupies any place, surrounded by walls or fortifications, which is in the possession of any other of the contracting parties, and refuses to restore it within one month. 4. The Pope, the Sacred College, Florence, and other states bind themselves to declare war with any prince or princes who should break any of the articles of the truce, the Pope excommunicating the aggressor. 5. None of the contracting parties is permitted to have garrisons of "ultramontane" infantry in the duchy of Milan. The foreign infantry which is at present in the duchy of Milan is to leave it within one month. 6. The Venetians are not at liberty during the truce to send troops to the Milanese side of the Adda. They are not to assemble more than 100 soldiers on the frontiers of Milan. 7. Each of the contracting parties is at liberty to include his allies in this truce. 8. None of the contracting parties is at liberty to negotiate anything with the confederates of any other contracting party in prejudice of any party or parties to this treaty. 9. The truce is to last until three months after the contracting parties declare their resolution not to continue it any longer. At the expiration of the truce all things are to be restored to the state in which they were at the beginning of it. 10. Each of the contracting princes is bound within one month to spend in the defence of Hungary a certain amount of money, that is to say [blank]. 11. During the truce all sequestered revenues of the cardinals are to be paid to them, the prohibition to go or to write to Rome is to be revoked, and in general all subjects of either of the contracting parties are at liberty to carry on commerce and to have intercourse with the subjects of all the other contracting parties. 12. The Pope, being the protector and conservator of the truce, is to be the judge of all disputes concerning its observation. Each of the contracting parties is, therefore, bound to send envoys to Rome provided with the necessary powers amicably to settle their disputes. 13. The promise of the King of France to keep the peace during the preliminary negotiations concerning this truce is binding on him during three months from the day of the date of this paper.—The 5th of April 1524. Indorsed : "The paper which the Archbishop of Capua sent from France." Italian. Original, apparently written by the Archbishop of Capua. pp. 2.
6 April. M. Re. Ac. d. Hist. Salazar. A. 31. ff. 11-15.	630. Lope De Soria, Imperial Ambassador in Genoa, to the Emperor. Count Carpi is very busy negotiating with the Pope. The King of France offers to give his sister-in-law in marriage to Hypolite de Medicis, son of the Magnificent Giuliano, and to make him King of Naples. Besides, the second son of the King of France is to marry the daughter of Lorenzo de Medicis, and to have Milan as dower. Milan is to be governed by the Pope until the second son of the King of France is of age. Letters from the Cardinals of Lorraine and Vendome intercepted, &c.—Genoa, the 6th of April 1524. Addressed : "To his Sacred, Imperial, and Catholic Majesty." Indorsed : "To the King. 1524. Lope de Soria. The 6th of April. Answered." Spanish. Autograph in cipher. Contemporary deciphering. pp. 7.
9 April. M. Re. Ac. d. Hist. Muñoz. 56. f. 197.	631. The Emperor to the Duke Of Sessa, his Ambassador in Rome. Bernardino de la Barba arrived on the 24th of last month. Received at the same time his letters of the 18th and 29th of November, and the 13th and 29th of February. Afterwards his letters of the 4th and 7th of March arrived. The courier is paid. Thanks him for all the pains he has taken to send him his letters. Bernardino de la Barba has been well received by him (the Emperor). Has had a conference with him on the subject of his mission, and has given his answer by word of mouth as well as in writing. Sends him (the Duke of Sessa) a copy of that paper. Sends him letters for the cardinals who have behaved well in the election of the Pope. His Chancellor (fn. 1) will go to Rome, as soon as the Archbishop of Capua has arrived, to negotiate important affairs of state with the Pope. The Chancellor will also arrange with the cardinals what rewards they are to have. Sends him 200,000 ducats for the maintenance of the army. Is, moreover, arming a powerful army in Spain, which, under the pretext of a war with the Turks, can do much harm to the French. Does not intend to abandon the invasion of Provence under the command of Monsieur de Bourbon. Thanks him for his great efforts to obtain money for the army. Church preferment. Has read what he has written to him about the bishopric of Palencia. Approves of the pension of the Cardinal of England not being transferred from the see of Palencia to the see of Toledo. The 2,000 ducats a year out of the revenues of Toledo, which were reserved to indemnify the Cardinal of England in case he renounced his pension on the see of Palencia, are to be given to the President of the Council, (fn. 2) together with the bishopric of Palencia. Prothonotary Caracciolo, &c. The King of Hungary has asked him to make peace with the King of France, and to send him succour against the Turks. Has answered the King that he (the Emperor) had placed at the disposal of the King the whole subsidy which the Empire had granted him (the Emperor) on the occasion of his election, enabling thereby the King of Hungary not only to resist the attacks of the Turks, but to carry the war into the Turkish empire. As for his (the Emperor's) making peace or a truce with the King of France, said that he would never refuse to do so, if the King of France would offer him conditions which he and his ally (the King of England) could accept without injury to their honour. He (the Duke of Sessa) is to tell that to the Pope, and to beg him to grant him a cruzada. Montaragon and other ecclesiastical affairs.—Burgos, the 9th of April 1524. Spanish. Draft. pp. 10.
12 April. M. Re. Ac. d. Hist. Salazar. A. 31. f. 58.	632. Charles De Lanoy, Viceroy Of Naples, to [Lope De Soria?] Movements of the army. The English ambassador left the camp yesterday with a satisfactory answer from the Duke of Bourbon.—Camp at Camaria, the 12th of April 1524. Indorsed in the hand of the secretary of Lope de Soria : "Copy of the letter of the Viceroy of Naples." Indorsed by one of the secretaries of the Emperor : "From the Viceroy of Naples, 1524." Spanish. Copy. pp. 2.
13 April. M. Re. Ac. d. Hist Salazar. A. 31. ff. 61-63.	633. Lope Hurtado De Mendoza to the Emperor. Rewards for cardinals. The French ambassadors have left Rome, with the exception of Alberto di Carpi. The affairs of the King of France in Rome are by no means in so prosperous a state as is generally believed. The news of the conquest of Fuentarabia has produced a very good effect. His Holiness, however, is not satisfied at his having disbanded his army. His Holiness fears that the King of England will seize the occasion as a pretext for doing little or nothing in Picardy, and that the French will be at liberty to reinforce their army in Italy.—Rome, the 13th of April 1524. Addressed : "To his Sacred, Imperial, and Catholic Majesty the Emperor and King, our Lord." Indorsed : "To the King. 1524. Lope Hurtado. The 13th of April." Spanish. Autograph in cipher. Contemporary deciphering. pp. 2.
13 April. M. Re. Ac. d. Hist. Salazar. A. 33.	634. Lope Hurtado De Mendoza to the Emperor. This document is an abstract of the one preceding, made by Alfonso de Soria for the use of the Emperor and the Chancellor Gattinara. [Written on the margin by Gattinara :] No answer.
13 April. M. Re. Ac. d. Hist. Salazar. A. 31. ff. 65-67.	635. Don Lope Hurtado De Mendoza to the Chancellor Mercurino De Gattinara. Has received his letter dated the 9th of March. After having written his last letter to the Emperor, he went to see the Pope, who had received letters from the King of England, dated the 27th of March. The English are very much discontented that the Emperor has, since the conquest of Fuentarabia, disbanded his army. They even suspect that the Emperor entertains a secret understanding with the King of France. It is believed that the King of England has given up his idea of crossing the seas with an army, and invading France. It seems that the Pope does not approve of his (the Emperor's) breaking up his army in Spain after the conquest of Fuentarabia. The Pope will explain his reasons more fully in his letters to the Emperor. His Holiness said to him that the Emperor should not have disarmed, even if he had been obliged to sell a kingdom in order to obtain money. If the King of England had invaded France, and if the Emperor had had his army in Spain ready for action, the King of France could not have done otherwise than make peace on such conditions as the Emperor would have dictated. The Duke (of Bourbon?)—Rome, the 13th of April 1524. Indorsed : "To the Chancellor. 1524. Rome. Lope Hurtado. The 13th of April. Answered." Spanish. Autograph in cipher. Contemporary deciphering. pp. 2.
14 April. M. D. Pasc. d. G. Pa. r. a. l. Hist. d. Esp.	636. The Duke Of Sessa, Imperial Ambassador in Rome, to the Emperor. Ecclesiastical affairs. Has told the Pope what he (the Emperor) has written to him about the breaking up of his army in Navarra. It was already known in Rome that he had disbanded his troops, and it is added that he intends to hold cortes in Burgos, Aragon, and Catalonia, and with the money which will be granted to him to come to Italy. That idea is not liked in Rome. The Archbishop of Capua left Blois on the 7th of April, with a project of a treaty of truce. Has insisted that he should go from France to England. His reasons for doing so were twofold, viz., in the first place, he thought that it would be more becoming his (the Emperor's) high station if the Archbishop were to go to him accompanied by an English ambassador ; secondly, he was of opinion that the treaty should be so arranged that the King of France should bind himself towards the King of England to pay him the wonted pensions during the time of the truce. Thinks the peace could be concluded more easily if the Pope were to propose it. Does not know whether it is because it is understood in Rome that he and the King of England are badly prepared for a war, but it is a fact, that at the Papal court many difficulties are made, and conditions proposed which could scarcely be accepted by him. Does what he can to persuade the Pope to take another view of the state of things. Viceroy of Naples, &c. The Pope sent 4,000 ducats to the army. The money was intercepted in Lodi. The Pope will send 8,000 ducats instead. Florence, &c. Letters from the Papal nuncio in England, dated the 26th of March, state that the King of England is not at all prepared to go to war with France, and that the English are waiting to see what he (the Emperor) will do. The Cardinal of England declared to the nuncio that if the King of France would send an ambassador and propose a truce or a peace under some honest colour, he would be favourably received by King Henry. The Cardinal wishes only to avoid the appearance of himself proposing the peace with France, because, he says, that would injure his reputation. The English declare that they will not contribute anything for the Italian war. The letters which he (the Duke of Sessa) has received from Madame Margaret confirm this news. Begs him to take care that his reputation does not suffer whether he continues the war or makes peace. This is even the more necessary in order to preserve his friends than in order to intimidate his enemies. News concerning the army, church preferment, &c., &c.— Rome, the 14th of April 1524. Addressed : "To the most sacred and victorious Cœsar, King of Spain, &c., our sovereign Lord." Triplicate. Indorsed : "To the King. 1524. Rome. Duke of Sessa. The 14th and 15th of April. Answered." Spanish. Holograph, partly in cipher. Contemporary deciphering. pp. 13.
14 April. M. Re. Ac. d. Hist. Salazar. A. 31. f. 79.	637. The Duke Of Sessa, Imperial Ambassador in Rome, to the Emperor. This despatch in cipher has been deciphered by Don Manuel de Goicoechea, Keeper of the Archives of the Royal Academy of History in Madrid. It is in all essential parts identical with the preceding despatch of the same date. The small alterations are given in the following abstract, which also contains the marginal notes of the Chancellor Gattinara. Spanish. Autograph in cipher. pp. 8.
14 April. M. Re. Ac. d. Hist. Salazar. A. 33. f. 167.	638. The Duke Of Sessa, Imperial Ambassador in Rome, to the Emperor. Victory of Fuentarabia. Monsieur de Beaurain has arrived, and congratulated the Pope in his (the Emperor's) name. Viceroy of Naples. Monastery of Santa Cruz in Segovia, &c. The Duke of Sessa told the Pope all he had been ordered to say to him respecting the disbanding of his army. The Pope, however, persists in his objections. [Written on the margin in the hand of the Chancellor Gattinara :] It is impossible to prevent people from thinking and saying what seems best to them. The Archbishop of Capua, however, knows the intention and power of his Majesty. The articles of the truce will furnish the Duke (of Sessa) with material for his answer (to the Pope).
	The Duke (of Sessa) asked the Pope to send the Archbishop of Capua from France to England, and afterwards to Spain. His reasons for doing so were that he thought that it was more honourable for the Emperor that the conditions of the truce should first be discussed between the Kings of France and England, and afterwards presented to the Emperor for his approval. Another reason that the Duke gave was that he wished the King of France to bind himself towards the King of England to pay him the wonted pensions during the period of the truce. As soon as that was done, the Archbishop of Capua should go to Spain, accompanied by English and French ambassadors, and there conclude the treaty in the presence of the Emperor. Nothing of all this, however, has been done. The Pope wishes to avoid all difficulties with France, believing that neither the Emperor nor the King of England are prepared to continue the war. [Written on the margin by the Chancellor Gattinara :] No answer.
	Viceroy of Naples. Cardinal of Cortona, &c. The Pope has received letters from England, dated the 26th of March. According to them, the English show little inclination to continue the war. They wait to see what the Emperor will do. The Cardinal of England told the nuncio that, if the Pope could persuade the King of France to send some person with acceptable proposals of a truce to England, his offer would be accepted. The English absolutely refuse to contribute anything for the war in Italy. Madame Margaret has written the same news. [Written on the margin in the hand of the Chancellor Gattinara :] His Majesty has no doubt that after the victory and the invasion of France by Bourbon, the King of England will change his mind, and send an army to invade France. The King of England had promised it already before the victory, on condition that the army of Bourbon was to be maintained by his Majesty. His Majesty now sends one of his gentlemen in waiting to England with very good instructions, asking the King of England to hasten as much as possible his invasion of France.
	The Duke of Sessa thinks that, in concluding the truce, he (the Emperor) must take particular care of his honour. If he does so, it will be easy for him afterwards to find allies. [Written on the margin in the hand of the Chancellor Gattinara :] Very well said, and so it will be done, as he will hear from Monsieur de la Roche. The bull of Pope Adrian, &c., &c. Superscribed : "To the King. The Duke of Sessa. The 14th of April 1524." Spanish. Abstract made by one of the secretaries of the Emperor. The marginal notes are holograph. pp. 8.
17 April. M. Re. Ac. d. Hist. Salazar. A. 31. ff. 138-140.	639. The Duke Of Sessa, Imperial Ambassador in Rome, to the Emperor. The Archbishop of Capua has left the court of the King of France very much dissatisfied with the answer of the King of France to his proposals of peace. The mother of the King, however, sent afterwards to the Archbishop to tell him that she will persuade the King to accept reasonable conditions. The Archbishop has not written a single word of all this to the Pope, being afraid to injure thereby the interests of the King of France. The well known illness of the King of France begins to infect his mouth and his nose. No news has arrived from England.—Rome, the 17th of April 1524. Addressed : "To the always victorious Cæsar, King of Spain, &c., our Lord." Indorsed : "To the King. 1524. Rome. Duke of Sessa. The 17th of April 1524. Duplicate. Answered." Spanish. Autograph in cipher. Contemporary deciphering. p. 1.
17 April. M. Re. Ac. d. Hist. Salazar. A. 33.	640. The Duke Of Sessa, Imperial Ambassador in Rome, to the Emperor. This document is an abstract of the preceding letter. It has served as a memorandum for the Emperor and the Chancellor Gattinara. On the margin are the following words written by Gattinara : "No answer."
17 April. M. Re. Ac. d. Hist. Salazar. A. 33.	641. The Duke Of Sessa, Imperial Ambassador in Rome, to the Emperor. The Bishop of Veruli has written from Constance that the Swiss have concluded their Diet. Lucerne has decided not to lend any aid to the King of France, but the cantons of Bern, Friburg, and Solothurn have decided to assist the French. They say that the Swiss who are in Lombardy are in great danger, and they are enlisting an army of 8,000 men in order to go and help them. Suspects that the Bishop of Veruli has written other news besides, as the Pope refuses to show him his letter. Has begged his Holiness to exhort the Swiss to keep quiet, as the negotiations of peace have begun. [Written on the margin by the Chancellor Gattinara :] After what has happened, (fn. 3) it will be easier to negotiate with the Swiss. The Emperor has asked the Swiss to hold a new Diet in presence of the Imperial ambassador and the ambassadors of the Pope, the King of England, the Archduke, Venice, the Duke of Milan, and other potentates. His Majesty sends Lope de Soria to Switzerland. Superscribed : "From the same (the Duke of Sessa), the 17th of April. Spanish. Abstract made by the Secretary Alfonso de Soria for the use of the Chancellor and the Emperor. The marginal note is a holograph of the Chancellor. pp. 2.
18 April. M. Re. Ac. d. Hist. Salazar. A. 33. f. 172.	642. Lope Hurtado De Mendoza to the Emperor. Proposes a defensive league of the Italian states with the Swiss. The English ambassador (fn. 4) says his master is inclined to conclude a truce with the King of France, seeing that he (the Emperor) has disbanded his army in Spain. The Pope entertains the same intention as the English, although the French remain in Italy. Count Carpi is at the bottom of all this, telling the Pope that by such a line of policy he (the Pope) will make the Emperor as well as the King of France dependent on him. If he (the Pope), on the contrary, helps to drive the French out of Italy, Count Carpi says that he (the Emperor) will give Milan to any person he likes, restore Modena and Reggio to the Duke of Ferrara, and keep Parma and Piacenza for himself, &c. [Written on the margin in the hand of the Chancellor Gattinara :] Now, after the victory, they (the English and the Pope) can see what the true intentions of his Majesty are, and how much they were mistaken when they suspected him. The Datary. Folleta, &c. Campegio, &c. Superscribed : "From Lope Hurtado, the 18th of April." Spanish. Abstract made by one of the secretaries of the Emperor. The marginal note is a holograph. pp. 3.
22 April. M. Re. Ac. d. Hist. Salazar. A. 31. ff. 163-172.	643. The Duke Of Sessa, Imperial Ambassador in Rome, to the Emperor. The Bishop of Veruli has written to the Pope that the Swiss are inclined to conclude peace, being of opinion that the King of France should content himself with a good sum of money wherewith to pay his debts, and leave the Duke of Milan in peace. The Pope and the Swiss do not approve that he (the Emperor) has disbanded his army (in Navarra). Has no news from England. The Pope has been informed from a very good source that the Cardinal of England entertains secret negotiations with the mother of the King of France. It is not the Pope who told him so ; the Pope tries to keep the matter secret. Begs him to be very careful, and not to permit the Cardinal of England to deceive him. News from the Archbishop of Capua is daily expected. News from Germany.—Rome, the 22nd of April 1524. Addressed : "To the most victorious Cæsar [paper gone], our Lord." Indorsed : "To the King. 1524. Rome. Duke of Sessa. The 22nd of April. Answered." Spanish. Autograph in cipher. Contemporary deciphering. pp. 3.
April (?) P. A. d. l'E. K. 1639. 50^h.	644. Answer of the Emperor to the Proposals of Peace made, in the name of Pope Clement VII., by the Archbishop Of Capua. (fn. 5) Is very glad that the Archbishop of Capua has arrived at his court, and made him, in the name of the Pope, proposals of peace with the King of France. The endeavour to conclude peace is worthy of so excellent a shepherd of the Christian flock as is the present Pope. Has also always wished to pacify the whole of Christendom, and to employ his arms against the Turks, as is clear from the circumstance that he sent long ago his power to his ambassador in Rome to conclude peace. His only condition was that the King of France should make such offers as might satisfy him (the Emperor), the King of England, and his other allies. Went even so far in his desire to conclude peace that he had decided to send his Chancellor (fn. 6) to Rome, with the instruction to come to an understanding with his Holiness about the conclusion of peace and some other important affairs. The Emperor will rejoice if the Pope brings about a peace on acceptable conditions. The ambassadors of the King of England must, however, participate in all the negotiations, after having showed their powers to conclude peace. The proposals of the Archbishop of Capua, however, are not proposals of peace, but only of a truce. Does not believe that a truce would be of any advantage ; intends, therefore, to send ambassadors to Rome with full power to conclude, in common with the ambassadors of the King of England, peace with the ambassadors of the King of France. As it might happen that a treaty of peace could not be concluded without some delay, and that the Turks might meanwhile attack Christian states, it might perhaps, nevertheless, be necessary to conclude first a treaty of truce. Has, therefore, ordered the proposals which the Archbishop of Capua has made to him to be reduced into the form of articles, and his observations on them to be added on the margin.
	Article 1. A treaty of truce will be concluded, in presence of the Pope, between the ambassadors of the Emperor, the King of England, and the King of France, together with the ambassadors of their respective confederates. The time during which the truce shall last will be fixed by the ambassadors. [Note on the margin :] The truce is to last until the end of March 1525. Should, however, the Turks begin war with the Christians during the period of the truce, the truce is to be continued until the end of the war with the Turks and six months longer. [Note on the margin :] This clause must be suppressed, as under the pretext of a war with the Turks the truce could be indefinitely prolonged.
	Article 2. Each prince is to remain in possession of what he holds at present ; the frontiers of the duchy of Milan, however, are to be fixed by the ambassadors of the contracting parties. [Note on the margin :] A provision is to be made for the King of England, from whom all is to be taken. It is not to be understood that the other treaties of the King of England with the Emperor are no longer binding, especially in as far as the indemnity is concerned. (fn. 7)
	Article 3. If one of the contracting princes should conquer a fortress or fortified town held by another of the confederates, he is bound to give it back within the time of one month, or else he will be regarded as having broken the truce.
	Article 4. The Pope and the Sacred College bind themselves to declare themselves enemies of any of the contracting princes who may break the truce, and, if necessary, to excommunicate them.
	Article 5. After the conclusion of the truce, all the infantry of the armies in Lombardy is to be disbanded, with the exception of such troops as are absolutely necessary to garrison the towns and fortresses of that duchy. [Note on the margin :] Care must be taken to prevent the French from invading Milan before Spanish troops can be sent to the duchy.
	Article 6. The Venetians are not to be at liberty to cross the river Adda, nor to assemble an army near the frontiers of Milan.
	Article 7. Each of the contracting parties is to be at liberty to include his confederates in this treaty.
	Article 8. None of the contracting parties is to be at liberty to negotiate or to conclude treaties with the subjects or confederates of any of the other contracting parties in prejudice of the prince whose subjects or allies they are. [Note on the margin :] This article contains a snare with respect to the Swiss and the Scots. It must be stipulated that the King of France has no more right to conclude treaties or to open negotiations with the Swiss and Scots than any other of the contracting powers.
	Article 9. The truce is to last until it is renounced by the contracting parties, and three months longer. [Note on the margin :] The truce is to last until any one of the contracting princes renounces it, and one month longer.
	Article 10. The Pope is to convoke a conference of ambassadors from the different princes of Christendom, and to arrange with them the measures necessary for the defence of Hungary against the Turks. [Note on the margin :] This article is to be suppressed in this treaty, as it is to form the subject of another separate treaty.
	Article 11. The seizin of revenues of cardinals who have their churches in Germany, Flanders, Spain, and Naples, or in France, is to be discontinued during the truce. All the subjects of the contracting parties are to be at liberty to go to, or to correspond with, Rome. Liberty of commerce for the subjects of the contracting parties in the dominions of every one of the contracting princes.
	Article 12. The Pope is to be the protector of this truce.
	Article 13. The preliminary negotiations of this treaty may last three months, that is to say, until the end of June, if they cannot be earlier brought to a conclusion. [Note on the margin :] On no condition is this article to form part of the treaty.
	Besides these articles, the following clauses are to be added :— 1. The Duke of Bourbon and all his friends and followers who have espoused the cause of the Emperor and the King of England are to be included in this treaty, and the King of France is to bind himself not to molest them in any manner, nor to prevent them from enjoying all their rights and privileges in France. 2. None of the contracting parties is to be at liberty to take the Swiss in his pay, nor to make any use of their troops, except against the Turks. 3. All disputes between the contracting parties are to remain in abeyance during the truce. [Note on the margin :] Care is to be taken that the King of England does not renounce in this manner his rights on the kingdom of France. The same is to be said with respect to the Emperor. 4. The treaty is to be concluded only if the King of England consents to it, and such additions or suppressions are to be made in it as he wishes. These articles are the result of the conversation (of the Emperor with the Papal nuncio), and are afterwards to be reduced to their proper form by the ambassadors, who are to conduct their negotiations in the presence of the Pope. Indorsed : "I received this paper from the Duke of Sessa, and made the marginal notes for the King of England when the Archbishop of Capua was in that country." Latin. Original memoir. pp. 6.