Henry VIII: January 1537, 16-20 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 12 Part 1, January-May 1537. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1890.

'Henry VIII: January 1537, 16-20', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 12 Part 1, January-May 1537, (London, 1890) pp. 50-78. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol12/no1/pp50-78 [accessed 26 April 2024]

January 1537, 16–20



16 Jan. R. O.	96. HENRY VIII. to SIR ROBERT CONSTABLE.
	Countermands the order before sent to him to repair to the King, to give his advice for the establishment of those parts, as the King has today despatched the duke of Norfolk thither to keep the country. Greenwich, 16 Jan. 28 Henry VIII. Signed with a stamp.
	P. 1. Sealed. Add. Endd.: These letters were found in his bisaf (?) tofore he died.
R. O.	97. HENRY VIII. To _.
	Has despatched the duke of Norfolk into the North, to reside there as his lieutenant. Trusts to require no assistance to punish such as have offended since the publication of the pardon. Yet, though the great part are repentant, there may remain some desperate persons who might move further sedition. Commands him therefore to be ready, with all the force he can make, at an hour's warning. Not signed.
	P. 1. Headed: By the King.
R. O.	98. [INSTRUCTIONS for the DUKE OF NORFOLK.]
	* * * "things like his Grace's most loving, faithful, and obedient subjects; yet his Highness, considering that," albeit the majority of those who were up in the "said insurrection" are sorry for it, a number have [ca]ught such a savour in spoil that they would devise a like "broylery" again there or elsewhere, has resolved to send thither the duke of Norfolk, to reside as his Grace's lieutenant. And, that things may be handled substantially, so that people may see the good of law and the evil of violence, his Majesty has joined with the said Duke an honourable council; as by the commission made jointly, which particularly declares the limits of their authority, appears; whose advice the Duke shall in all things use, and for whose entertainment he shall have allowance, as in a book, wherein the Duke and every councillor is "rated to a certain ordinary," is contained. The Duke, taking with him those of the said council not now "reseant" in those parts, with all "commissions, instructions, letters, escripts, writings, copies of oaths, and muniments" prepared for his despatch, is to proceed to Doncaster writing privately to such gentlemen as he wishes to meet him there. There he shall first minister the oath, as contained in a schedule delivered to him [under the King's great seal], (fn. 1) to those gentlemen he has most trust in, then to the other gentlemen, and then to the inhabitants of Doncaster and thereabouts. Thence he shall proceed to Pomfret, and to other places at discretion, and then address himself to York. At York he shall assemble the rest of the notable leaders and gentlemen of Yorkshire and the places adjoining, and give them the oath; and after that, command certain wapen-takes every day to appear before him or his deputies and receive the oath; after that he shall pass through the countries that have rebelled, in such order as shall seem convenient.
	The Duke and his deputies, in administering the oath, shall enlarge upon upon the King's clemency and their offences. Good subjects who have been spoiled in the late rebellion will probably make suit for restitution; the Duke is to receive their bills, supplications, and complaints, wherewith to try out the names of the occasioners of such spoils, and "thereof keep a note till the King's coming down," entreating the parties grieved to have patience till then. Thus they shall neither despair of their suits nor be sure of restitution, which might cause the offenders, in despair, "to attempt further inconvenience." [In cases where the parties are ready to compound for such robberies, the Duke shall make a final end, unless any ringleader in the commotion be a party.] (fn. 2)
	The Duke and his council shall everywhere search out the grounds of the insurrection, the "setters forth," the devisers of articles put in at the last assembly at Doncaster, and "with what persons of these parts the people of those quarters had intelligence." If any man refuse the oath, the Duke, if he thinks himself able, shall use him as the King's rebel; and if he may not proceed to that punishment without danger, he shall pretend to make light of such a fool, and proceed to swearing the rest till a better opportunity. Item.—Divers monks, nuns, and canons have, during the rebellion, entered again into monasteries within the Act of Suppression, and others have kept their houses with force. The Duke, after he has sworn the country, as above, shall restore the farmers to the houses already suppressed, endeavour to recover the goods of such houses, and aid any commissioners sent to dissolve others, causing all the religious persons of such houses to enter other houses of their religion, or to take capacities, or else punish them as vagabonds. And forasmuch as the Duke and Lord Admiral lately, at Doncaster, promised to be suitors to the King that the religious of the suppressed houses might have victum and vestitum from their monasteries till further determination, the Duke shall make a discourse to all men, and "dilate" how far they vary from good religious men—yea, from true subjects. And where money has been detained from the King and from lords and gentlemen who have rents in those parts, he shall first recover, by indenture with the holders, that due to the King, and also command all men to pay their duties as accustomed. As these enormities have happened amongst them through ignorance, the King has determined "to send thither certain grave, discreet, and learned personages to teach and preach the truth," whom his Grace desires the Duke and his council to recommend to the people. One ground of the late rebellion was that certain lords and gentlemen have enclosed commons and taken intolerably excessive fines. The Duke is to receive complaints touching this, inquire who have been most extreme, and moderate between them, so that gentlemen and yeomen "may live together as they be join[ed] in one body politic" under the King.
	Item.—For common justice in cases within their commission, and that suitors for the same may be heard without delay, the Duke and his council shall, when they have the country in stay and remain any long time in one place, sit twice a week to determine cases of common justice.
	Finally, the Duke and his council shall make a progress through the country, and inquire what persons have committed spoils, robberies, or other enormities since the King's pardon, and these he shall afterwards cause to be apprehended and executed, if it may be done without danger, especially if they have been ringleaders or captains. And if he may not do that without danger, he shall "look through his fingers at their offences, and free them to continue till the King's Majesty's arrival in those parts," keeping watch that they escape not out of the country.
	Item. (fn. 3) —At all assemblies the duke of Norfolk shall declare to the justices of the peace how negligent they have been; for if they had been vigilant "the late trouble of ... ensued, and ... ministres those ... chanced. W ... Majestie we ... prince, and should forbe ... hope of amendment the ... incurred such penalties and forfeitures as they be not hable to bear." He shall command them "to remember tha[t] which is negligently pretermitted ... soo as his Grace's ... in due [exe]cution ... to the defence sauf ... [of] his true and faith[ful subjects and] to the punishment of [t]ransgr[essor]s accordingly."
	Fragment of corrected draft, pp. 28, worn, last leaf much mutilated.
R. O.	2. Draft of a portion of the preceding instructions.
	In Wriothesley's hand, pp. 19. Commencing at the words, "The Duke and his deputies, in administering the oath, shall enlarge," &c. This draft does not contain the insertions or the last item.
R. O.	3. Instructions for administering the oath.
	"First, they shall confess and knowledge" their untrue demeanour towards their King, and submit themselves to his mercy. Item, they shall declare who were the heads of this rebellion. Item, to show their repentance and submission, they shall deliver up all their arms, &c. Item, by their oaths before our lieutenant and council they shall renounce all their oaths made in this rebellion, and swear to be true subjects and to maintain all Acts of Parliament made during the King's reign, and to aid the King or his commissioners in executing them.
	Pp. 2. Signed with a stamp at top and bottom.
R. O.	4. Form of oath to be taken.
	"First, ye shall swear" that ye be sorry ye have offended the King in this rebellion, and to repute vain all oaths made touching it, and to be true to king Henry VIII. (full title), and to keep all laws made in Parliament in his reign ["or in the time of any his most royal progenitors,"] (fn. 4) and maintain them against any ["of what estate, dignity, degree, or condition so ever they be,"]* and to assist any commissioners for taking possession of any monasteries within the Act of suppression, or for other purposes. Item.—You shall never hereafter make any insurrection. Item, [ye shall commit no treasons, murders, or felonies, but betray such to the King, and]† in case any person move you to insurrection, or speak unfitting words of the King or his chief councillors, you shall apprehend them.
	Corrected draft, p. 1. Endd. by Wriothesley: Minute of the oath for the North Parts.
R. O.	5. Fragment of another copy of the preceding, with some variations in the wording.
	Pp. 3. in Wriothesley's hand. Half torn off. Endd.: "An oath devised by the King's Highness and his Council."
R. O.	6. Another form of oath.
	(1.) "First, you shall swear" to revoke all oaths made for and in your late insurrection, and beg the King's forgiveness; (2), to use yourselves as true subjects of Henry VIII. (full title, including "head of the Church") and his successors; (3), to keep and maintain all laws made in Parliament since the beginning of the reign; (4), never to attempt any new insurrection; (5), to apprehend seditious persons and authors and tellers of new tales.
	Pp. 2. In Wriothesley's hand. 5 items.
R. O.	7. Another form.
	"You shall swear to be true liegemen to the King our sovereign lord Henry the Eight, king of England and of France, &c.," and his successors. You shall do no treason, murder, or felony, but discover it to the King. You shall renounce such oath as you have made during this commotion. You shall resist any insurrection in future. You shall be obedient to the King, and his lieutenant in all his laws. "So help you God, &c."
	P. 1.
R. O.	8. Additional item.
	"Item, whereas they have here to fore, within the time of this rebellion," made oaths contrary to their allegiance, they shall now, by oath "before our lieutenant and council," swear to renounce their former oaths, and use themselves as the King's true subjects, and especially to support to the uttermost all Acts, statutes, and laws made in Parliament since the beginning of the reign, and never to withstand their sovereign or his commissioners.
	P. 1. Draft in Derby's hand.
16 Jan. R. O.	99. NORFOLK to DARCY.
	As the King's pleasure is that you shall remain in those parts, I pray you meet me at Pomfret at my repair thither, of which you shall have notice. I shall then declare the King's pleasure "in that behalf." Greenwich, 16 Jan. Signed.
	P. 1. Mutilated. Add.
16 Jan. R. O.	100. NORFOLK to SIR ROBERT CONSTABLE.
	Asks Constable to meet him at York the day of his coming, that he may declare to him the King's pleasure. Greenwich, 16 Jan.
	P. S. in his own hand: Will be at York on Feb. 3. Signed.
	Add. Endd. with a mem. of the receipt of the letter from John Hopkyns, one of the yeomen messengers of the King's chamber on Saturday, 27 January, at 8 p.m.
16 Jan. R. O.	101. NORFOLK to SIR WILLIAM FAIRFAX and SIR OSWALD WYLSTHORP.
	Is appointed to go as the King's lieutenant to those parts. In order that he may enter those parts honourably accompanied, desires them to be ready at a day's warning to meet him at Doncaster, York, or other place appointed. Will come before Candlemas at furthest.
	P. S.—Has determined to be at Doncaster at Candlemas even. Begs them to meet him with their servants, without harness. Greenwich, 16 Jan. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.
16 Jan. R. O.	102. SIR ROBERT CONSTABLE to ASKE.
	Hears that Mr. Bygod has taken Skarburgh Castle for the commons, and Hallom gone to Hull upon word of new insurrections in the North, due to lack of knowledge of reformation by Parliament and Convocation upon their petitions. The printed answer to the first petitions has moved them to folly. Thinks Aske should come to him in the morning, and then they two would ride together to Hull, and declare the King's pleasure for the Parliament to be at York. Begs him to send for lord Darcy's advice in this. Holme in Spalding Moor, 16 Jan.
	Copy in Aske's hand, p. 1. Endd. Begins: "Cousin Aske."
16 Jan. R. O.	103. SIR ROBERT CONSTABLE'S MANIFESTO.
	The King has declared by mouth to Robert Aske that we shall have our Parliament at York, and also his Convocation for ordering of the Faith, which shall come down, under his great seal, by my lord of Norfolk, who comes shortly. "Wherefore, good and loving neighbours," let us stay ourselves and resist those who are disposed to spoil. If it had not been for my disease, by which I can neither go nor ride, I would have come and showed you this myself. Holme in Spaldingmore, 16 Jan. Signed: Robert Constable of Flamburgh k.
	P. S.—The Parliament and Convocation are to be at York at Whitsuntide, and also the Queen's coronation.
	P. 1. Mutilated. Endd.: "Rob. Constable's ij. letters on to Aske xvj^o. and xviij^o. Januarii."
R. O.	2. Another copy, with slight variations. Unsigned.
	P. 1. Endd.: Aske.
R. O.	3. Another copy. Signed.
	P. 1.
R. O	4. Another copy. Dated: "Holm on Spalding moor, 18 Jan."
	In Darcy's hand: "This was sent with Sir Robert Constabill letter and Aske to Bygott and the commons."
	Copy, p. 1.
R. O.	5. Another unsigned copy, dated 18 Jan.
	P. 1.
[16 Jan.] R. O.	104. THOMAS ELLERKER to DARCY.
	This Tuesday one Halom, who was busy in the late insurrection, has attempted a fray within Hull; but the aldermen substantially handled themselves, and Mr. Knollys and Mr. Eland got to the gates before him, and took him. Both they and Halom were sore hurt. A letter was found on him from Sir Fras. Bygott, urging him, by policy or device, to win the town of Hull, as he was one whom all the commons trusted, and in like case Sir Fras. will enterprise Scarborough. The mayor of Hull has sent to my nephew and me for aid. Hull, Tuesday.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.
R. O.	2. Three copies, two of them headed "Vera copia," one of which is numbered "14," and endorsed "Syns the pardon."
16 Jan. Cleop. E. VI. 363. B. M.	105. STARKEY to POLE.
	Sorry I am, Mr. Pole, that both my sentence and sharpness of writing, hearing of your journey towards Rome, offended you, and had so little effect. Protests he is not corrupt with affection, nor wrote contrary to his conscience. Conceiving that your tending to Rome would increase the schism in Christ's Church, and draw the King's displeasure upon you and other of your family, I wrote sharply. But now, sharpness set aside, judging by what I lately heard from you, though here be great rumours that you be named a cardinal, and entered into that order by which Christ's doctrine has been little promoted, yet I am sure the love of country and the desire of serving your Prince will prevent you from accepting that dignity without first considering well the state of the Church and the pleasure of your Prince. I think you do not take the straight way to what I am sure you intend, i.e., the plucking out of this schism, and restoration of the unity of the Church. Though matters have been here lately in great motion, which perhaps you will impute to this defection from Rome having slipped from God's order and institution, yet I trust you shall yet hear that what you think the chief root of this motion has restored the unity of Christ's Church according to its first institution. I would fain see you a minister in this, which I fear you will never be if you enter that order at Rome. London, 16 Jan.
	Hol., draft, pp. 3.
[16] Jan. R. O.	106. ANNE OWEN (fn. 5) to CROMWELL.
	Glad to hear of his prosperity. "Ye have so bounden me as your daily bedewoman and servant, both I and my poor husband, to the uttermost of our powers, to be at your commandment." Thanks him for his goodness to her child, his little servant, John Owyn. Reminds him of his promise at the making of the award between her and her husband's executors, that she should have 20 mks. half yearly in recompense of the small thing that was awarded her during her child's young age, "and that you would give him his keeping." Agreed thereto, contrary to her own heart, for she could get no better friendship. Has paid, nevertheless, for her son's apparel, and other charges, except only his meat and drink, "which, notwithstanding, shall be at your lordship's pleasure to take for the same, trusting that I shall have the rest, seeing ye promised me the whole, to comfort me with."
	Never saved penny by it, but was comforted to know that her child did not lack, for if he had been in other keeping than Cromwell's, her heart would ever have been fearful of him. Asks whether her child shall tarry longer in the company of Mr. Gregory. She hears they are not now together, and would be glad to see him. Dychelyng, Tuesday after St. Hilary's Day. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.: Maistres Anne Alloen is letters.
16 Jan. Faustina C. III. 464. B. M.	107. VICE-CHANCELLOR and STUDENTS of CAMBRIDGE to CROMWELL.
	Praise Cromwell's zeal for the advancement of letters. Have hitherto borne their injuries patiently; but now their jurisdiction, or rather Cromwell's, called the Royal Leet (leetam regiam), for which they pay, 10l. a year, and have contracted a large debt in doing so, has been set at nought, and the beadle of their chancery slain, they are bound to appeal to Cromwell to quiet the affairs of the university. Hope with his aid to recover their ancient dignity when he has restored them to peace with the townsmen, and their Prince has, at his suit, endowed them with some of the suppressed monasteries (vacuis aedificiis). Cambridge e Senatu nostro, 16 Jan.
	Hol. Lat., pp. 2. Add.: L. P. S.
16 Jan. R. O.	108. THE MAYOR AND ALDERMEN OF COVENTRY to CROMWELL.
	St. Paul's day next is the day of election of the mayor, and according to ancient custom we consult about it eight or ten days before. This year our election stands upon two persons. One of them is heady and wilful, and we have agreed upon the other, Simon Parker, a man of good substance and discretion; but we are informed he intends to make suit to exonerate him from the office. We beg you will stay him in the obtaining of any such letter. Our election of substantial men is not as it has been, and if this man be discharged we shall be driven either to take the other, who will trouble the city, or one not of sufficient substance. Coventry, 16 Jan. Signed. "John Gett, meyr, Roger Wigston, recorder, Julyne Nethyrmill, Rychard Herryng, Hew Lawton, Robert Kyrven."
	P. 1. Add.: Privy Seal. Endd.
16 Jan. R. O.	109. JOHN RUSSELL to CROMWELL.
	Reminds Cromwell to learn the King's pleasure concerning Sir James Prat, vicar of Crowle, now in gaol in Worcester Castle for seditious words last summer (fn. 6), whereof the King has been advertised through Cromwell, by Sir Gilbert Talbot and the writer, with the examination and proofs against him. The simple man, being aged, and not like to live there, makes suit to be bailed, "which cannot be granted him here." 16 January. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
16 Jan. R. O.	110. JOHN HUSEE to LORD LISLE.
	Sends six leather collars, of which four are double, and two single, received of Mr. Acton's man according to Lisle's letter. Wytworth has promised to deliver them. London, 16 Jan.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.
16 Jan. R. O.	111. ANTHOINE BRUSSET to LORD LISLE.
	As I desire to know the order of the King, your master, touching the four fellows of this town, now prisoners at Boulogne, I propose remaining here some time, and beg you to urge the matter as much as possible. Gravelinghes, 16 Jan. '36.
	Hol. Fr., p. 1. Add.
17 Jan. R. O.	112. ASKE to DARCY.
	Darcy will see from Sir Robt. Constable's letter, enclosed, that there are like to be new commotions. This would be a "great lack" to the country before the duke of Norfolk has declared the King's pleasure. Begs him, till then, to stay the country about him, and to send advice to Aske and Constable. Osgunby, Wednesday, 17 Jan.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
R.O.	113. SIR ROBERT CONSTABLE and ROBERT ASKE to MR. RUDSTON.
	Desires him to send over to Sir Ralph Ellerker to come to Howlme, and bring the King's letter or the copy of it to be read for pacifying the commons. "It is not honest to retain the messengers sent from Beverley to Hull." Advises that they should be sent back, for they only did their master's message. Keep watch on Bigod's doings, and come hither yourself to-night. The company here is ready, but will not do them any displeasure till we hear again from him. "With message my bailiff is gone to him and shortly will be with me."
	Written in the first person. Copy, p. 1. Endd.
17 Jan. R. O.	114. ASKE'S CORRESPONDENCE.
	Copy of Sir Rob. Constable's letter to Aske, 16 Jan. (No. 102), and of Aske's letter to Darcy, 17 Jan. (No. 112).
	P. 1.
17 Jan. R. O.	115. DARCY to CONSTABLE and ASKE.
	Of Sir Fras. Bigott I heard, this day at dinner, as you wrote; and more, that Hallum was taken at Hull yesterday with a letter in his purse from Sir Francis Bigott promising that he and all the West Countries would rise and come forward. This day with my servant, Alan Gefreyson, I sent you my news "which are of such bruits, rages, and furies as the like I have not read nor heard of." I sent to my cousin Ellerker and Whartton for the premises concerning Hull. My advice is that you stay the people till the coming of my lord of Norfolk, which, I hear, shall be shortly, "and all the gentlemen that is above of the North with him." He brings gracious answers of the Parliament and petitions. Good Mr. Aske, where you write desiring me to stay my quarters; there has yet been no stir in my rooms and lands, but what was caused by other wild countries and dales. I shall do my duty, and play my part therein, though I lie in my bed. I hear my lord of Cumberland is likely to have business for two prisoners he keeps. 17 Jan.—T. D.
	Copy, p. 1. Subscribed: A true copy to my brother Sir Robt. Constable, knight and Robert Aske, squire. Endd: Sir Robt. Constable's and Robt. Aske's letter, and my lord Darcy's answer, 17 Jan. 1537.
17 Jan. R. O.	116. SIR GEO. LAWSON to GOSTWICK.
	Has been at Berwick, and paid all the wages, by borrowing. Gostwick's servants have been at Barnard's Castell, but no money will be got there. They likewise stick at Middleham. If Norfolk does not come and stay in these parts shortly, there will no money be had, and all the country like to be "wild ramage, and out of all good order." Advises that letters should be sent by the King to Lord Conyers and Sir Jas. Metcalf for the payment of Myddelham, and that Gostwick should speak to the lord Admiral for the payment of Barnard's Castell. Is informed that the lord Privy Seal is his "heavy lord" for words said to be spoken by one of his servants at Doncaster. Knows nothing thereof. The knave shall not abide with him. Jakson has not been with him this twelvemonth, and he knows not where he is. Begs him to move Cromwell not to give credit to light persons against him. Unless Norfolk comes to Yorkshire before Candlemas, Lawson and Gostwick's servants will come to London. Newcastle, 17 Jan.
	If he can pass the commons without danger, will be at York before Sunday.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.: Treasurer of the King's Spiritualties. Endd.
17 Jan. R. O.	117. ANNE ROUAUD (MADAME DE BOURS) to LADY LISLE.
	I am told that while I was out, Jensemy passed this way. I was glad to hear you were well, and thank you for the hose (chaulches) you have sent me. Your daughter (fn. 7) is well. You would be astonished how tall she is. I wish we could have peace that I might go and see you. Jensemy has delivered here what you sent for your daughter. I will let him have the bordure as you desire. My brother Mons. de Rioul sends the bearer to you. Commend me to my lord. Abbeville, 17 Jan. Signed.
	Mons. d'Agincourt and my daughter send their respects, as also does Madame Rency (?) Below is added: Mons. de Guyshat.
	Fr., p. 1. Add.
17 Jan. R. O.	118. THIBAULT ROUAULT (SIEUR DE RIOU) to LADY LISLE.
	I would have sent you the goshawk, but that the gentleman who was to give it me had gone out. As soon as he came back he sent it to me, and I now forward it. My wife and I send commendations to you and the lord Deputy. Abbeville, 17 Jan. Signed.
	Fr., p. 1. Add.
17 Jan. R. O.	119. MARY BASSET to LADY LISLE.
	Thanks her for the crown and demi-ducat sent on Christmas eve, and the three angelots that Jensemy has brought. Is very glad "que on a recouvert de ung aultour a vous envoier, par ce que je scay bien que ce vous est plesir de en recouvrer." Mdlle d'Agincourt's respects. Abbeville, 17 Jan. Signed.
	Fr., p. 1. Add.
17 Jan. R. O.	120. MARY BASSET to PHILIPPA BASSET.
	Thanks her for her new year's gifts. Begs her to thank her father for sending her a half ducat, and to remind him he promised Jensemy to give her a gown. Desires remembrances to her sisters Frances, Anne, and Katharine. Mdlle. d'Agincourt complains that Anne has never written to her since she left this country. Abbeville, 17 Jan.
	Madame de Bours desires to be commended to her, and to Anne and my other sisters.
	Hol., Fr. p. 1. Add.: A Mademoiselle Philippes, ma bonne sœur.
17 Jan. Egerton MS. 2603, f. 28. B. M.	121. ROBT. LORD MAXWELL to JOHN OF SKELTON, JOHN OF LOWDELL, ROBT. BYRSCO, and THOS. BYRKBEK, deputies to my Lord of CUMBERLAND.
	Has received their letter dated at La[nercost ?], 16 Jan. Perceives that the lord Warden and lieutenants and deputies failed to meet Maxwell at Loughmaben stane on Thursday merely from lack of remembrance. Has proclaimed a day of meeting at the same place on the Friday after Candlemas, and has written to the lord Warden.
	Loughmaben castle, 17 Jan. Signed.
	Pp. 1. Add.
Add. MS. 28,590 f. 49. B. M.	122. THE EMPEROR'S POLICY.
	"El estado en que estan las cosas publicas de la Cristiandad y las particulares de S.M."
	From Nice, when his Majesty returned from France, he sent to tell the Pope by the Prothonotary Ambrosio, who had been sent to him to treat for peace between him and the King of France, that notwithstanding what had passed, he would, for the quiet of Christendom, give Milan to the Duke of Angoulême under the conditions proposed at Rome, with compensation for the costs of the war and the losses of the Duke of Savoy; and he was content that Angoulême should marry one of the daughters of the King of the Romans. If the French King refused this peace, then his Majesty was content to give Milan to the Infant Don Luis or the son of the Duke of Savoy, and would make a league with the Pope, the Venetians, and the Italian Princes for the security of Italy. And since the Pope had promised to declare against the side which refused to listen to reason, he urged him to declare openly against France. A similar commission was sent to Venice.
	Both the Pope and Venetians replied that the Emperor justified himself; and the Pope was content with Don Luis, or any other the Emperor might name, but said nothing of the league or the declaration against France, although there is no response from the King of France. The Venetians reply they will be content with Don Luis or any other, but will make no new league for fear of the Turk.
	Pier Luis, the Pope's son, came to Genoa from his Holiness, and the Emperor spoke to him fully upon the state of Christendom, and the necessity of knowing the French King's inclination for peace, and gave him a charge to the Pope with regard to the Council, the defence against the Turk (who is said to be making great preparations to come this year against Christendom), the proposed Italian league, the Infant Don Luis, the marriage of the Pope's nephew with a daughter of the King of the Romans, Sienna, Parma and Placentia.
	To this commission of Pier Luis, the Pope has not yet replied; but by letters received since the Emperor disembarked, from the ambassador at Rome, it appears the Pope is wholly bent upon the aggrandisement of his house, and would have Milan with the King of the Romans' daughter; also that he makes difficulties in all the other matters, and wishes to make war on the Duke of Urbino for Camerino.
	As to the war, things in Italy are well prepared.—The Duke and Duchess of Savoy at Nice—Montserrat given to the Duke of Mantua.—The viceroys of Naples and Sicily ordered to keep watch for the Turk; and Andrew Doria to be prepared in the spring.—An ambassador has come from Don Enrique de Labrit and his wife desiring to marry their only daughter with the Prince, and offering to use their influence for peace with France. He has been told that the Emperor will consider the matter, but can make no further declaration as to peace for as yet there is no reply to the offers made through the Prothonotary Ambrosio.—"Lo de la Camara. Lo del Infante honorato. Lo del Principe."
	Spanish, pp. 11. Modern copy from the Archives of Simancas.
17 Jan. Add. MS. 28,589, f. 178. B. M.	123. CIFUENTES to CHARLES V.
	Has written of the good services of Pier Luys since he came from Genoa. Has received the Emperor's despatch of 15 Nov. Negociations with the Pope concerning the Turk and the French King, the marriage of the King of the Romans' daughter with Octavio the Pope's nephew, &c. The Pope wishes to send nuncios to the Emperor and French King urging them to make peace for the sake of Christendom, both on account of the heresies in Germany and England, and the danger of the Turk.—Milan.—The crusade against the Turk.—The Pope suspends the matter of Camerino so as not to disturb Italy during this dread of the Turk's coming.
	You will know from Chapuys how the disturbances in England progress. Besides what Chapuys writes to me, the Pope hears from Flanders that two-thirds of England are against the King, who will be forced to flee the realm or do all that the insurgents demand. The Pope, as I have written, created cardinal Mr. Polo, a kinsman of the King of England, in order to send him in aid of the said insurgents with some money. I have not encouraged the project on account of your Majesty's orders, and only said that if his Holiness was determined to do it, the embassy of the said Mr. Pole should be as secret as possible; because he was publishing it. He replied that he would make it so, as by secrecy Pole could more easily come to where the insurgents were. I write this because if he goes it will be through your Majesty's dominions, and you can send instructions to Flanders as to whether he shall be favoured publicly or secretly.
	Spanish. Modern copy, pp. 16, from the Archives of Simancas. Headed: Del Conde de Cifuentes, 17 Enero 1537.
17 Jan. Add. MS. 8,715, f. 327. B. M.	124. BISHOP OF FAENZA to MONS. AMBROGIO.
	Account of the French parliament, at which the King was present, together with the King of Scots, the Dauphin, the King of Navarre, the peers of France, and others. It was determined to cite "Charles of Austria" for his lands in Flanders, Artois, &c., of which the French King is by right the superior lord.
	Italian. Modern copy, pp. 2. Headed:—A Mons. Ambrogio. Da Parigi, li 17 Gennaro, 1536.
18 Jan. R. O.	125. THE KING'S COUNCIL to REGINALD POLE.
	His letters, writings, and proceedings show an incredible ingratitude toward the King and the country, and such unseemly and irreverent behaviour as no mortal enemy could have contrived and forged the like. It may be gathered that his will and purpose is to slander the King, to bring his honour into contempt and, by setting forth untruths, to provoke his subjects to think otherwise of his most virtuous proceedings than appertaineth. Perceive, however, by his last letters that there is a little spark of love and obedience left. Have therefore urged the King to grant his petition of discussing the matter in Flanders, if he will go there of himself without commission from any one; and on hearing where he is, they will ask the King to send persons to meet him.
	Pray that he may bring an indifferent mind to receive the truth and to recant his extreme folly. Greenwich, 18 Jan.
	Draft, pp. 3. Endd.: The minute of the letter sent from the Council to Master Pole, xx. Januarii.
R. O.	2. Another draft, undated.
	Pp. 4. Endd.
18 Jan. R. O.	126. SEDITIOUS WORDS.
	Depositions of Thos. Anderson, priest, and Robert Jenyns of Manton, Rutland:—that John Gurle, master of Manton, said that the King used too many women to be able to get a child of his queen. Taken before Sir Everard Dygby and John Harryngton at Stokedrye, Rutl., 18 Jan., 28 Hen. VIII.
	Anderson also deposes that about Holy Rood Day last one Wm. Smyth, priest said in Gurles house that the King was a poller and a shaver of the realm.
	John Feldyng deposes that about May Day, 27 Hen. VIII., Wm. Smyth said that there never was so much polling and shaving in England as now, but he spoke neither of the King, the Queen, nor other person.
	Anderson deposes that when the constables of Manton took two of Gurle's horses for the King's soldiers, Smyth said that if they were again in his master's house he would be hanged at the gates or he would deliver them.
	Signed by examiners and deponents. Pp. 2.
18 Jan. Turner's Records of Oxford, 140.	127. The ABBOTS of EYNESHAM and OSENEY.
	Commission to Sir Simon Harecourt, Sir Will Barentyne, Will Fermor and John Williams, Will Freurs, mayor of Oxford, Mich. Heth, John Pye, and Will Banester to inquire into the allegations of John Parkyns against the abbots of Eynesham and Oseney. Greenwich, 18 Jan., 28 Hen. VIII.
	ii. Deposition of Parkyns, accusing the two abbots of making unlawful assembly and showing disrespect to the King's commission; also accusing the vicar, Serles, of not assisting him readily in sending up a message to the King's council.
18 Jan. R. O.	128. HARRY Lord MORLEY to CROMWELL.
	In my last letters I gave you thanks for your favour to my brother and my son in their trouble. Now it is more right to thank you for their deliverance. I cannot recompence your lordship, but would follow you to the farthest part of Christendom. Praying your lordship in the matter betwixt the "marveolus" monk of Norwich and me, in which you have so often taken pains, that, at the suit of this my son, you will see it finished. [Marke]hall, (fn. 8) 18 January. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: Lord Cromwell, lord Privy Seal. Endd.
18 Jan. R. O.	129. THOMAS MEGGES to CROMWELL.
	On Tuesday, 16 Jan., I caused Ric. Flower, one of the attorneys of court, to serve the King's writ of privy seal upon Hamonde Adam, Rob. Beste, and Thos. Clarke, draper. They immediately went, perhaps for counsel, to one Redde, brewer, J. P. of the Isle and reve of the Bishop's castle lands of Wysbuche. One of my fellows named Buckforde, serjeant at arms and son-in-law of the said Richard Rede, thinking belike that his father-in-law had been in the writ, sent for Ric. Flower to come and speak with him. Flower accordingly went to Rede's house, where Ric. Humphrey and one Robynson were present. Buckfurthe said, "By His precious blood, polling knave, I shall teach thee whilst thou livest to serve process upon any friend of mine, and were it not for shame, I should thrust this dagger unto thine heart," laying his hand upon his dagger. Buckford then gave him a blow on the ear and pulled the privy seal out of his bosom with many high and untimely words, adding, "I will go unto the master and speak with him myself." So he came to Lawrence Danyell's house, where I was at dinner with Barth. Everard, Henry Ryppes, Sir John Whetholme, parson of Leveryngton, and many others, and entered bidding "God duche you all." I offered to take his hand, but he refused, saying "he that sues my friends is not my friend." He added, "Thow art the first gentleman of thy kin, except the blind bishop thine uncle, and thou dost extort and powle my friends." I answered that his friends might take the law and I would answer them. Then he said, "I have taken here the privy seal from this fellow." Flower answered him, "Yes, sir, and given me a good blow on the ear." Buckford replied, "I am sorry I gave you no more, seeing you took it so gently." Said I was sorry he had acted thus, and that I would have nothing more to do with the writ. He said he would force me to take it back and departed. Hamonde Stephenson (Adam written over) "reyosed" the blow and vaunted before Ric. Everard "he would chance a couple or two of placks with me or he come home." I beg you give credence to the bearer. Dovenham, 18 January. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
18 Jan. R. O.	130. SIR WILL. BRERETON to CROMWELL.
	I have received your letters, dated Richmond, 11 Dec., desiring that Sir Piers Dutton and I should enquire into the demeanour of the late abbot and canons of Norton, and that you have written to Sir Piers to the same effect. I have done my best to urge Sir Piers in this behalf, that we might examine those present at the monastery at the time of the supposed insurrection, but he always excuses himself by other business, and I dare not proceed alone. I beg you will send a commission to other worshipful men of the shire as well. Chester, 18 Jan. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add.: Privy Seal. Endd.
18 Jan. R. O.	131. JOHN Lord LATIMER to SIR WILLIAM MUSGRAVE.
	Recommend me to my lord Privy Seal, showing him I was sorry the people spake otherwise than became them of him. For though he be in the favour of the King it letteth not his Grace to grant what he pleases to the people, and I think his lordship would not be a hinderer of such of their desires as be reasonable. Though I durst not much contrary them, I did my best to reduce them to conformity to the King's pleasure. My being among them was a very painful and dangerous time to me; I pray God I may never see such again. Roiston, returning homeward by the King's command, 18 January. Signed: Your loving brother-in-law, John Latymer.
	P. 1. Add.: At London. Endd.
18 Jan. R. O.	132. WM. Abbot of YORK to CROMWELL.
	Desires him for the love of God to be good lord to him and the monastery. Assures him of his fidelity. Sends a poor token. The country can testify how he has been used in this dangerous time with divers persons. What he did was for fear of the utter destruction of the monastery. Desires credence for the bearer, specially touching the prior of St. Bees. Overtone, 18 Jan.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
18 Jan. R. O.	133. WILLIAM Abbot of YORK to CROMWELL.
	Where at the command of my lord of Norfolk and you in favour of Dan Robert Paddy (?), prior of the cell of St. Bees, I sent him thither, "and as it is surmised he should be lettyd by ye commons in these parts in his riding thither un knowledge or writing to me"; I beg you give no credence to reports of light persons against me. Sent a poor token to Cromwell lately in a letter to be forwarded by Wm. Manscell. York, 18 Jan.
	P. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
18 Jan. R. O.	134. LORD DARCY.
	General pardon to Lord Darcy of Templehurst or of Templenewsam. Westm., 18 Jan. 28 Hen. VIII.
	Latin. Copy, p. 1. Marked as enrolled.
R. O.	2. Another copy.
18 Jan. R. O.	135. DARCY to THOMAS ELLERKER.
	I received your letter by bearer yesterday at 6 p.m., and am glad my neighbours of Hull have had so good fortune "and used themselves so well" in their duty to the King. You cannot do better than follow your purpose, and your letter shall go straight to my lord Steward. I hear my lord of Norfolk will be in Doncaster before Sunday next and all the lords and gentlemen of the North who went up with him. I hear he brings down great authority and comfortable answers for all good men. 18 Jan. 1537.
	Copy, p. 1. Endd.: "Thomas Ellerker letter and my lord is answer thereunto." Endd. in another hand: "Unsearched."
R. O.	2. Another copy with docket in Darcy's hand.
	Endd.
R. O.	3. Another copy headed: Vera Copia. Add. Endd.: Thomas Ellerker's letter and my lord's answer thereunto the xvij^th (sic) day of Januaire, 1537.
	P. 1.
18 Jan. R. O.	136. [ASKE to HENRY VIII.]
	"Pleaseth it your Highness," after my letter to your Grace, dated 10 Jan., I received a letter, enclosed, from Sir Robt. Constable, who after my "said first letter" repaired to his house at Holme. The commons appear "wildly disposed to new commotions" though I supposed I had stayed them till Norfolk's coming. Hallom, "contained in the said letter," came to Hull with about 60 persons, but the townsmen have taken and hurt both him and one Keching. Sir Robt. Constable, before my coming had sent letters (copy enclosed) to Houdenshire, Marchland, Hull, Beverley, Birlington, Flamburgh, Poklington, Malton, Hemysley, and those parts, to stay the people. Likewise I have written to lord Darcy and written or spoken to the people betwixt Ouse and Derwent, Selby, Cawod, and the ainsty and city of York. Sir Francis Bygod has not yet taken Skarburgh Castle, but assembles and swears commons; albeit I trust Sir Robt. Constable's letters will withdraw most of his force. My advice is in haste to send down the duke of Norfolk and the worshipful men of this country; the people else will rise and either swear or kill the worshipful men, for they fear to be betrayed. The parts of Dent, Settbeirgh, Kentdall, Lancashire, the bpric. of Durham, Cumberland, and Blakamore are ready to rise; they repair to no worshipful men, but to captains of the commons such as Hallom. Seeing the danger, I desired lord Darcy and Sir Robt. Constable to abide at home; for if they had repaired to your Grace upon your letter, the country had been up ere now. The commons, as I brought no writing, begin to suspect me; albeit I declared your mind, much after the tenor of Sir Robert Constable's letter, or they would not have been stayed. In my first letter to your Grace I declared their grudges. In the West and North they make harness and weapons, pull down enclosures, &c. at their pleasure. If your Grace do not send the Duke in all haste you must write to lord Darcy, Sir Robt. Constable, and all the worshipful men, and the town of Hull, to stay the country till his coming. 18 Jan.
	Pp. 3. In Aske's hand. Not signed or addressed.
R. O.	137. ASKE to the COMMONS.
	"Neighbours, I do much [marvel] that ye would assemble yourselves with Bigod [seeing how] earnestly the King's highness extendeth [his] general pardon to all this North," and has pondered your petitions and intends to hold Parliament over them at York and to have the Queen crowned, as his Grace declared by mouth to me. Bigod intended to have destroyed the effect of our petitions, but as I hear you were forced to assemble by his threats and menaces, I shall declare this to the King, and fear not but that you shall have his Grace's pardon notwithstanding. I shall endeavour to obtain the said pardon for every township which writes to me for it. "And if the said By [god shall at] any t[ime] hereafter move you again to ri[se] ... f losse of [your] goods (possibly another line lost).
	In Aske's hand, p. 1. Slightly mutilated. Endd.: A letter from Aske to the commons.
R. O.	138. A REBEL MANIFESTO.
	"vj. (fn. 9) These be articles that men may perceive that this entreaty is but feigned policy to subdue the commoners with all."
	(1.) The suppressed abbeys are restored by the commoners, not by the agreement at Doncaster. (2.) We should have had a Parliament at York the 20th day and had none. (3.) Cromwell and other evil counsellors are in higher favour than ever. (4.) In the pardon no man is pardoned but those who take the King as head of the Church. (5.) "They which have made entry of abbeys' grounds and sold their goods and withdrawn themself forth of the country, as Mr. Lytster, Sir Thos. Johnson, with divers other mo, which caused the people to draw to council for fear of their goods and kines, which shall be made a greater offence than any that was before." (6.) Captain Aske, at London, had rewards to betray the commoners; and since his return they have made Hull ready to receive ships to destroy all the North parts. "Wherefore now is time to arise, or else never, and go proceed with our pilgrimage for grace, or else we shall all be undone: Wherefore, forward! forward! now forward in pain of death, forward now or else never!
	"And ye shall have captains just and true and be not stayed by no gentlemen in no wise."
	P. 1. Small slip.
18 Jan. R. O.	139. SIR WM. MALORE to DUKE OF NORFOLK.
	The earl of Westmoreland, at his going to London, asked Malore to go to Branspath and help to fortify his house and stay the commons if they had made any stirring. On Wednesday last, 17 Jan., coming homewards between Northallerton and Brakynbarow, met a man who said he came from Malton in Riedale, where Sir Fras. Bygode and other commons were up. Asked him for what intent. He said, to go to Hull. As he said he was going to Swaldayle to command Bygod's servants to come to him, took him to "my brother Lassells's" house and examined him. Encloses a letter from Bygode to the people of Swayldayle found on him. Studlay, 18 Jan. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
18 Jan. R. O.	140. SIR WM. and SIR CHR. AYSCUGH to CROMWELL.
	No doubt Cromwell is aware that one Halam and one Kechyn of Beverley intended to have seized Hull, who with others have been taken and detained by the citizens. Sir Ralph Ellerker, jun., has just arrived at Hull with a small following, and no gentlemen as yet resort to him. The writers intend to join him to-morrow morning with all the men they can collect, and desire to know the King's pleasure therein. They hear that Sir Thomas Percy has taken Skarburgh Castle and that Sir Francis Bygott hath raised a great number of commons about Malton and Yorkyswold to besiege Hull with, but cannot vouch for the truth of this. They will give the King knowledge of every event from time to time. Desire credence for the bearer. 18 Jan., at 7 p.m. Signed: "William Ayscugh—Christoffer Ayscoghtt."
	In Sir Wm.'s hand, pp. 2. Add.: Privy Seal. Endd.: Sir Wm. Askue and Sir Chr. Askue.
18 Jan. R. O.	141. TOWN OF HULL to HENRY VIII.
	On Tuesday, 16 Jan., John Foberry of Newbold, servant to my lord of Surrey, desired to confer secretly with the mayor of Hull on matters concerning the King. The mayor assembled the aldermen and received his declaration to the effect that John Hallome of Calkhiil, Yorksh., had come to Hull that day to take the town, and that others within were in league with him by means of Sir Fras. Bygott, as would be shown, if he were taken, by a letter in his purse. Before they could shut the gates John Eland and Will. Knolles, aldermen, saw the said Hallome on horseback and many with him and seized the bridle in the mayor's presence, demanding his name. He answered, Hallome. And Knolles said: "Then thou art the false traitor that I look for," and struck at him, as Elande did on the other side. After a skirmish, in which both aldermen were hurt, Hallome, also hurt, was brought to prison. This day Sir Ralph Ellercar and Knolles went to the gates and received a letter from Bygot (enclosed) sent by Wm. Simpson, of Swynfeld, and Will. Stevenson, of Baynton, who are in prison. Made search on the night of the 16th and imprisoned certain persons of Hallome's "affinity," whom they examined next morning, viz.:—
	1. John Lawrey of Watton, Yorksh., who says he went to Beverley by Hallom's orders to tell the bailly of Brandesberton and Will. Barkare in Holderness to fulfil their agreements with him.
	2. John Prowde of Watton, laborer, who was ordered by Hallome to tell Ph. Uty, of Watton Care, Wm. Harteskay and Thos. Lownde, of Watton, to be at Beverley on Tuesday 16th, on pain of death, at the sun rising.
	3. Andrew Cante of Watton, laborer, who says he was ordered by Hallome to meet him at Cooper's house at Beverley on 16 Jan. at the rising of the sun and did so, when Hallome was accompanied by Hugh Langdaill Hyrtskey, Uty, Lownde, Hudson, Wylkynson, Robynson, Prowde, and Lawrey, with whom he was ordered to go to Hull.
	4. Will. Nycholson of Preston in Holderness, husbandman, a great ringleader, who, being examined, with his son, denies any communication with Hallome.
	5. John Robynson of Watton, laborer, who says that on Monday, 15 Jan., when in bed, Andrew Cant came to him and desired him in Hallome's name to come to Beverley, saying that Bygot had written to Hallome that he intended to take Scarborough, and Hallome was to come to Hull.
	6. Anthony West of Watton Abbey, Clement Hudson, and Lancelot Wylkynson, who were ordered by the subprior of Watton to come to Hull.
	We have also one Kytchyn of Beverley, a great ringleader, in prison with Hallome and others. Thos. Eliarcar and Ralph, son and heir of Sir Ralph Ellercar have come to offer assistance to the town. Ask for "power and ordnance" for their defence. Hull, 18 Jan. Signed by Will. Roger as mayor in the name of the corporation.
	Hol., pp. 3. Sealed. Add. Endd.
R. O.	142. JOHN ELAND to HENRY VIII.
	"The very truth of the taking of that traitor Halom.
	"Gracious Soverain Lord," one Fobere of Newband, Yorks, showed me, John Eland, "an you look not shortly of yon man Halom he will subdue you all." I said "I knaw him not"; and Fobere said "Yon is he that is on horseback in the yeatts and ye may see people assemble hastily till him." I took Wm. Knowlls by the arm and said "Go way for we will have him"; and we went and asked him his name. He answered "My name is Halom"; and with that Knowlls, on "the near side of his horse," and I, on the other, smote at him with our daggers but could not enter his coat of fence. Some of Halom's company felled William Knowlls but shortly he gat up and, with help, "bykerd with them and part of them took."
	Halom and I, John Eland, struggled together and in striking at him I cut his bridle rein; and then, by his countenance, he would have fled but his horse ran against a "ditch bray" called the Busse ditch and he was forced to alight. We then "bykered to gether till he was taken and hurt"; and I sore hurt; and also my servant and others on both sides.
	Hol., p. 1.
R. O.	143. BIGOD to SIR OSWALD WOLSTHROP.
	Cousin Wyllestrope, the commons have commanded me to answer you that they will not trust you because you and other gentlemen have deceived them, though you were so earnest at the beginning. They will make you no answer but will repair to Richmondshire and thence send both to the King and my lord of Norfolk the cause of our assembly. For my own part I perceived, and so did all the soldiers at Scarborough, that you favoured Ralph Evers more than us; "so that ye shall no more dissemble with me." Beverlay this morning. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
R. O.	2. Another copy headed "Mr. Wylstrope letter."
	Copy, p. 1.
R. O.	3. Another copy headed "xij."
	Copy, p. 1.
Jan. R. O.	144. THE COMMONS assembled at BEVERLEY to the DEAN [AND CHAPTER OF YORK].
	Ask whether they shall have their support as in the first "journey." All will be undone if they do not go forward whilst they yet have pledges for the performance of their petitions and are not in captivity like the men of Lincolnshire and even of Hull. It behoves the clergy to prevent the danger, for the King understands from the gentlemen that the Church began the last assembly. A post shall await their answer tomorrow at Newburgh. This morning from Beverley "by the commons assembled there."
	Copy, p. 1. Subscribed: "my lord dean letter." Endd.: "Bygott foolish letters, in Januarr,' a^o 1537. Incip.: "My lord and brethren."
18 Jan. R. O.	145. SIR FRANCIS BIGOD to SIR ROBT. CONSTABLE.
	Though the commons at first had me in suspicion for my learning and conversation with "such a lewd one as they judged were enemies" both to Christ's Church and the commonwealth, and I was even in danger of my life at Pountefrett, they have now the greatest confidence in me. Now messengers come from Bishopric, Richmondshire, and the West, for me to go forward with the commons, especially to bring John Halom, whom the mayor of Hull has imprisoned, to their great offence. I have sworn to go with the commons having good reason to doubt the duke of Norfolk is coming rather to bring them to captivity like those of Lincolnshire than to fulfil our petitions. There is no man they trust so much as Constable whom Bygott would gladly join and follow his advice, if he will be true to them. Begs answer. Sends copy of their oath. Baynton, "where in the morning your servant shall find me or else at Beverley."
	Copy, p. 1. Endd.: Sir Francis Bygot's letter to Sir Robt. Constable and his answer thereunto the xviij^th day of Januarr,' a^o 1537.
18 Jan. R. O.	146. SIR ROBERT CONSTABLE to SIR FRANCIS BIGOD.
	Cousin Bigot, I have received your letter "with their oath." I am so sick "in the gout" that I cannot stir. I marvel that you assemble the commons, seeing the King's own mouth declared to Robert Aske how he intended to keep Parliament and the coronation of the Queen at York; how the duke of Norfolk, the earls of Westmoreland and Cumberland, Mr. Bowes, Mr. Tempest, Serjeant Willowby, and Mr. Sulierd should be commissioned justices till his Grace's coming; how his Grace intends to extend his pardon to all; and how the Duke comes down in all haste with only his household servants. I think the commons should be contented till the Duke's coming and it is "an evil time of the year to oyst": also this assembly is contrary to our order at Doncaster and will be to our "disworships." If the commons still doubt of their pardon or the Parliament, Aske will do his best with all haste to bring them knowledge [thereof under the King's hand] and seal which, he affirms, the duke of Norfolk brings. Thinks it best to stay the people. "Thus in your worshipful affair, our Lord be your governor." Holme, 18 Jan.
	Copy, pp. 2. Certified below as a true copy of Sir Robt. Constable's letter to Sir Fras. Bygod and the commons.
R. O.	2. Another copy of the preceding letter, dated Holm, 18 Jan.
	P. 1. Certified below as a true copy of Constable's letter to Bigod and the commons. Endd.: Copy: and Since the pardon—necessary.
R. O.	3. Another copy, apparently the original draft, with some variations. Aske is spoken of in this as "my cousin Aske," and the conclusion is:—"I do take this to be the best way both for you and them and therein do the King good service. Thus in all your worshipful affairs our Lord be your governor."
	In Aske's hand. Pp. 2. Headed by Aske: "A letter from Sir Robert Constable to Mr. Bigod." Endd.
R. O.	147. BIGOD'S REBELLION.
	"A new oath made by the commons: that came with Bygott letter." (fn. 10)
	They are to keep the oath given at their last assembling; and not urging any to join them, prepare themselves to battle against the undoers of Christ's Church and the common wealth.
	P. 1. Small slip headed Vera Copia.
R. O.	2. Two other copies.
18 Jan. R. O.	148. COUNTESS OF WESTMORELAND to the EARL her husband.
	"My lord in my most hearty wise I recommend me unto as [s]he that" would be glad to hear from you, as I never heard since you went to London. There came, 17 Jan., a servant of Sir Francis Bigod's to Duresmen in post with many letters for Duresmen, Auklond, Stayndrope, and Richmondshire. (I enclose copy with an oath newly devised). You are beholden to the bailiff of Durham and Cuthbert Richardson who without opening the letter brought it straight to me and sent answer to Sir Francis that the men of Durham have sworn to the earl of Westmoreland to rise at no command but the King's or the Earl's in the King's name, and will stick to the King's pardon. I at once sent Stephen Brackenbury to Stayndrope to know if such a letter had come; and this Thursday night he sent word that none was yet come. I think you should show the copy of this letter enclosed to my lord Privy Seal—if it meet you on the way homeward send it to him. I keep the original signed by Mr. Bigod. I, and all honest men, long for your coming home. Brancepeth, 18 Jan.
	Copy, p. 1. Headed by Wriothesley: "The copy of a letter sent from the countess of Westmoreland to my lord her husband; and signed: Charlys Suffolk—Thomas Crumwell—Robt. Sussex—Edwarde Hereforden.—William Poulet—Willm. Kyngesston.
18 Jan. R. O.	149. J. DE MORBEQUE to the DEPUTY OF CALAIS.
	Has examined the letters of the Frenchman lately taken. None of them came from the king of England or his Council. Otherwise would have forwarded them to the Deputy before receiving his letter. Is certain that the Frenchman was taken within the French pale. If anyone had come on the part of France he would have been answered according to reason. Tournehen, 18 Jan. Signed.
	Fr., p. 1. Add.
19 Jan. R. O.	150. SIR WILL. GASCOIGNE [of Cardington] to CROMWELL.
	I beg you to remind the King for my recompence of Dame Elensbury. The part of that manor enclosed in his new park at Ampthill comes to 17l. 11s. 8d. a year, and I have had no rent for a year and a half, ended Mich. last. I beg to know his Grace's pleasure if I shall have my recompence for that and my other lands in Howghton (yearly value over 44l.) of the priory of Buschemeade, as he proposed at my last being at Ampthill. Let me know when to give attendance and make suit for it. I am so troubled with the cough and the "murre" that I cannot venture out of doors, as my son the bearer will inform you. Cardyngton, 19 Jan. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: My lord Privy Seal. Endd.
19 Jan. R. O.	151. WILLIAM Lord SANDYS to CROMWELL.
	Has received Cromwell's kind letters with certain depositions and a privy seal, which, as commanded, he has "committed to such safe conveyance" as he received them by. Cannot see how he has done contrary to the effect of the privy seal, for all the depositions say the King makes the high bailey of Guisnes, and that "with thassent of the high bailey by the mediation of the lieutenant the vice-bailey is made." Has done but as other captains before him, and as he is empowered to do by his patents of governor and general receiver. In as much as Palmer has produced the said privy seal affixed to a direction taken for these things by Henry VII., Cromwell thinks that unless Sandys has like "autentique" matter granted since for discharge of the same he had better give place and not contend against it. It appears that the privy seal was a ruse to induce Sir James Tirrell to come to England. Lord Vaux succeeded Tyrrell as lieutenant and made a serjeant royal and other officers and the effect of the said privy seal surceased. Sir Wm. Fitzwilliams succeeded him, and then came Sandys, and both have appointed officers without hindrance. If the King thinks him unfit to grant these offices he is content to resign them and the lieutenantship also at the King's pleasure.
	My lord of Westmoreland has come to visit me his poor old uncle and tells me the King will commit to him the wardenship of the Marches, and that he is diffident of his capacity for the office seeing that the people of his own country have already deceived him. He trusts in your favour. I thank you for letting me see the privy seal and depositions. I intend shortly to wait upon the King. The Vyne, 19 Jan. Signed.
	Pp. 3. Add.: Lord [Privy Seal]. Endd.: Lord Chamberlain.
19 Jan. R. O.	152. SIR PIERS EGGECOMBE to CROMWELL.
	Upon the late rebellion order was taken in these parts "that his Highness was served with the most tallest men," many of whom lacking horses took them from others who tarried at home. A great number of these horses never came home again, some being left on the way, and others sold, and the owners have neither horses nor the money. Can give no redress and fears the King will be badly served another time. My lord Marquis, being in Exeter at the time of the rebellion, directed the commissioners to stay the levying of the second Subsidy till further orders. Nic. Horssewell and Jas. Horssewell of Plymouth will be now before the Council in contention. If their conduct has been to the detriment of Plymouth, hopes Cromwell will provide a remedy, for the town was never so poor. When you see time convenient remember my old suit for Launceston. Cuthayll, 19 Jan.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.: Lord Privy Seal.
R. O.	153. THOS. BOLLE, Mayor of Plymouth, to CROMWELL.
	Since James Horswell was banished from Plymouth, Wm. Haukyns, John Elyott and other of their confederate band have divers ways troubled the inhabitants of the town, and have sent Cromwell a writing intending to bring Horswell into favour again so that he may return to the town, which will be its destruction. Asks that the people may choose three persons in place of the said men, that they may no more meddle with the council of the town. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
19 Jan. R. O.	154. DARCY to SHREWSBURY.
	I send, by my servant, Thomas Wentworth, such news as I have received from my friends, and he can tell you the messages and persuasions used for stay of the people. I have 10 or 12 at least forth daily for the same, although I keep my chamber, being so vehemently handled with my two great diseases of rupture and lax, which takes "myn abetytt" from me. Yesterday, came home in posts Sir Ralph Ellerker, Sir Oswald Woilstrop, and Robert Bowes, with good reports from the King about the coming of the duke of Norfolk.
	"The lords and gentlemen going up, the words of the pardon, and a printed book, the commons makes great bruits and grudgings at, and hath all gentlemen in great jealousies; and abbeys to be pulled down, tenths, first fruits ne others money to be paid, to the Parliament be ended they woll none thereof, and in many countries little or no ferms they will pay." Templehurst, 19 Jan. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: My lord Steward. Endd.
R. O.	2. Copy of the preceding, docketed by Darcy. P. 1.
R. O.	3. Draft of the preceding in Darcy's hand,
	P. 1. Mutilated. Endd.
19 Jan. R. O.	155. DARCY to the MAYOR and INHABITANTS of POMFRET.
	Knows nothing of the report that he should be discharged and the duke of Norfolk enter into Pontfret Castle. Robert Aske, and yesterday, Sir Ralph Ellerker, Sir Oswald Woilsthorp, and Robert Bows, came from the King, who is very gracious to all the North, and that shall be declared at the Duke's coming; as appears in a bill from Aske, enclosed. This day Darcy's son, Sir George, will be home, and the other lords and gentlemen are coming.
	Is loth that they should enter into any folly. Credence for Thos. Wentworth, the bearer. In haste, 19 Jan. T.D.
	Copy in Darcy's own hand, pp. 2. Headed: "v." Small paper, address at the end.
19 Jan. R. O.	156. DARCY to BABTHORPE.
	If the commons of the East Riding and before Hull fall to any good stay I beg you send me word. I should be sorry they continued in their folly after the King's pardon and gracious words to Mr. Aske and others. I trust the coming down of Sir Ralph Ellerker, Sir Oswald Wilstrop, and Robert Bowes will pacify them till the duke of Norfolk's coming. 19 Jan.
	P. 1. Headed: "8." Docketed "To my cousin Babthorp in haste, unsealed." In margin Vera Copia.
R. O.	2. Another copy. Dated 19 Jan.
	P. 1. Subscribed by Darcy "To my cousin Babthorp in haste, unsealed."
R. O.	3. Another copy. Date gone.
	P. 1. Mutilated. Endd. wrongly: 17 Jan.
19 Jan. R. O.	157. DARCY CORRESPONDENCE.
	i. WILLIAM BABTHORPP to DARCY.
	Yesternight I heard from Sir Rob. Constable by my servant who carried your letter to him, that, at his persuasion, Sir Francis Bygott and his company were scattered, and that this morning Mr. Constable and others intend to take Bygott. Since the coming of your servant, the bearer, I have heard by letter from my cousin John Aske to the same effect. My neighbours between Ouse and Derwent are conformable, and I trust the worst of this assembly is past. If you have anything for London my son shall attend you on Sunday or Monday morning; I myself will not be there this term. 19 Jan.
	ii. JOHN ASKE to WM. BABTHORP.
	On my coming home to Awghton, my servants John Aske and John Clark, who were with my brother towards this business, show me that Sir Fras. Bygott and his company are sparpled, and those assembled against him gone home. Pray inform Richard Astilley of this. Awghton.
	In Darcy's hand, "These I, the 1. Darcy, received from Mr. Babthorp the day as afore, and after that, word that Mr. Lumley, who lay at Skarborough with a band of the commons, was also skaylled, and that he said he was forced to go with them thither: this, my cousin, old Sir Rawf Eure sent word to me, 1. Darcy."
	P. 1. Endd.: "The true copy of Mr. Babthorpe letter to 1. Darcy, and of Mr. Colle letter."
19 Jan. R. O.	158. ROBERT COLE, priest, to DARCY.
	Sir Robert Constable has sent to the writer by the bailey of Houedon to certify Darcy that he has stayed the commons that were with Bygot, who is fled with three or four persons. Houedon, 19 Jan.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
R. O.	2. Copy of the above. With the subscription:—Delivered at 7 p.m. the day afore written, a^o 1537.
	P. 1. Headed xiij. Endd. in Darcy's hand: "A cope of Mr. Coll letter to the 1. Darcy: haste."
19 Jan. R. O.	159. SIR ROBERT CONSTABLE and ROBERT ASKE to the DUKE OF NORFOLK.
	Sir Francis Bigod on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday last attempted a new assembly of the East part; whereupon the writers wrote to Houdenshire, Marshland, Yorkwold, Holderness, Ous, and Derwent, and lord Darcy did the like in his parts, so that the commons "refused" Bigod who is fled, and the country contented with the "order taken at Doncaster touching their petitions." Some of Bigod's party are taken in Hull. Norfolk can safely repair into those parts. If Bigod had continued they would have raised the country to resist him. Think Norfolk should come down as soon as possible. Holme in Spaldingmore, 9 a.m. Friday, 19 Jan.
	Credence for bearer. Signed.
	In Aske's hand. P. 1. Add.
19 Jan. R. O.	160. SIR RALPH ELLERKER the younger to HENRY VIII.
	Desires a speedy supply of gunpowder, gunners, and guns for Hull, with bows bills and some morris pikes. Hopes to meet with the traitor Bigod to-day, and trusts Thomas Husse will declare the good service done by the town of Hull. Has sent to Sir William Ascewe and Philip Trewhytt to come to him with 100 men. Hull, 19 Jan.
	Hol., p. 1. Sealed. Add. Endd.
19 Jan. R. O.	161. THE PEOPLE OF BEVERLEY to the LORD MAYOR OF YORK.
	This morning we took certain letters directed to you and others by the bearer Robt. Fisher, from Sir Francis Bygod, of which we enclose copies. Perceive his ungracious intent to assemble the King's subjects unlawfully. This night he lodged in Beverley with 300 or 400 men, and left early in the morning. Advise the Lord Mayor "to stay the city and other your neighbours." Beverley, 19 Jan. Signed R. Wylmer, constable, Matho Boynton, Robt. Creyk, Edward Roos, Thomas Barton, Ric. Wartun, with all the inhabytantes of Beverley.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.: Raff Ellerkar and others to the mayor of York.
19 Jan. R. O.	162. SIR OSWOLD WYLLESTROP to LORD DARCY.
	"[I have] seen all the copyes off your letters [which are to m]e no[o] small comfforth soo ferventlye to apperceyve the toward[ness] off your lordeshipe and my coussin Constable" in pacifying the commons upon this late attempt. Would go to Darcy, but fears some seditious people in these parts would be busy. The King has Darcy, Wyllestroppe, and others in his favour, so that he may put his heart out of jealousy and mistrust, "and in cayse any further besynes chaunce a[s] that ... coussin Bigod woll nott recoyle, I and all m[y] frendes with a greate nombre off gentelme[n] in thes partyes wyll all come to you as [on] the Kynges partye," to pacify the unreasonable people till the repair of the duke of Norfolk. York, 19 Jan. Signed.
	P. 1. Mutilated. Add. Endd.: Lord Darcy. Syns the pardon by the way of excuse.
19 Jan. R. O.	163. NORTHERN REBELLION.
	The articles of a bill that was sent to the town of Richmond, 19 Jan.
	That the commons in every township should rise on pain of death and make all lords and gentlemen swear on the mass book to these articles. (1.) "To maintain the profit of Holy Church, which was the upholding of the Christian faith." (2.) That no lord nor gentleman take anything of their tenants but their rents. (3.) "To put down the lord Cromwell, that heretic, and all his sect, the which made the King put down praying and fasting." (4.) That no lord nor gentleman go to London.
	If any lord or gentleman refuse this oath to put him to death and put the next of his blood in his place, and if he deny it to put him to death likewise, and so on.
	P. 1. Endd.: Sir Thos. Wharton to his brother, 21 Jan.
R. O.	2. Proclamation of the commons.
	"All commons stick ye together, rise with no great man to ye know his intent, keep your harness in your hands and ye shall obtain your purpose in all this North land. Claim ye old customs and tenant right to take your farms by a God's penny, all gressums and heightenings to be laid down, then may we serve our sovereign lord king Henry the Eight, God save his noble Grace, we shall serve our land's lords in every righteous cause with horse and harness as custom will demand. Gentle commons have this in your mind; every man take his land's lord, and ye have need, as we did in Kendilland, then ye shall speed, make your writing command them to seal to grant you your petitions at your desire. Lords spiritual and temporal, have it in your mind the world as it waveth, and to your tenants ye be kind, then may ye go a pilgrimage nothing you withstand and commons to you be true, through all Christian lands to maintain the faith of Holy Church as ye have take on hand. Adieu! gentle commons, thus I make an end, maker of this letter, pray Jesu be his speed, he shall be your captain when that ye have need."
R. O.	164. MATHO BOYNTON to SIR JOHN BULMER.
	We, in our country, have been much troubled with Mr. Bygott; if he had not fled out of Bawerlay, "he had ben ffotten wytt all." The gentlemen of the King's part there desired me to send you word to repair to Cleffland to stay the country there, for fear he should go to raise it; for they think he will raise all the country if he can. If you could take him quietly, "the gentellmen chynkkes ye shold hayff the grettest chynk off the Kyns henes that hewer ye had in yor lyff; whatt so heuer he be that takes hym he shall hayff grett chynkkys off the kyns gras." My brother William has been with me this fortnight; I pray you do not be displeased at his tarrying so long. He was with me at Baverala when Mr. Bygutt was there. From Barniston by your loving son-in-law. Signed.
	"Sor, I beseche you cyp the latter clos."
	P. 1. Add.: Father-in-law.
19 Jan. Add. MS. 8,715 f. 329 b. B. M.	165. BISHOP OF FAENZA to MONS. AMBROGIO.
	To-day the English ambassador, Wallop, said he had no news thence, and that he knows nothing of Pole's man. Through the French, I hear that the people still desire of the King their first request both about the Church and the Princess, and that he must either return to the right road or endanger his life and kingdom. He had received ambassadors from them graciously, which shows that his affairs are in a bad way. The people were standing firm and prepared to resist force. They have begun to spend the King's money, that is the ordinary rents of the Crown in their countries. Is vexed at having no news from this man. Suggests the advisability of sending Pole, at least to the frontier, who would inflame these people better than any others, and use the censures, like arms provided by the Pope. The kingdom, if not the King, might be expected to return to the right road. The king of England is not loved here, and they expect to hear one day of his being killed. His ambassadors are still talking of effecting that marriage, but here they distrust the impiety and inconstancy of that King. To remedy everything would be a good work for Pole.
	The Scotch King is very desirous that the Reverend General should return to Rome on his affairs, having besides no safe conduct to pass through England. I think it would be well for him to set out in four or six days.
	Has presented the brief about the fabric of St. Peter's to Francis (a sua Maesta).
	Ital., pp. 6. Modern copy. Headed: A Mons. Ambrogio. Da Parigi, li 19 Gennaro 1537.
19 Jan. Royal MS. 18 B. VI. 56. B. M. Baronius, XXXII. 453.	166. PAUL III. to [JAMES V.]
	Sends a consecrated sword and hat by count [John] Antony a Campegio, papal chamberlain. Exhorts the King to oppose heresy. Rome, [19 Jan. 1537, anno 3].
	Lat., pp. 2. Mutilated and faded.
20 Jan. R. O.	167. THOMAS, Abbot of ABINGDON, to CROMWELL.
	Is informed that a neighbour, Chr. Aisheton, will labor to his lordship for a reversion of one of John Audelett's farms, which he cannot give without breach of the award between Cromwell and himself. Moreover, there are at least 28 years to run on any that he has and to give 12 years beyond that is against the custom of the house. Will not complain of his neighbour, but he is getting another man to procure the King's letters to obtain the reversion of another farm of Audelett's which the abbot cannot give. Has already given him the reversion of another thing, with which he might be content. Abingdon, 20 Jan. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: the lord Privy Seal. Endd.
20 Jan. R. O.	168. WILLIAM BROKDEN, Master of St. James' beside Northampton, to CROMWELL.
	He and his brethren thank Cromwell for his kindness, and entreat that they may have their confirmation and other seals, or else have word by the bearer, when the writer shall wait upon Cromwell for the same. St. James' Abbey beside Northampton, 20 January.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Privy Seal. Endd.
20 Jan. R. O.	169. SHREWSBURY to HENRY VIII.
	This night at 8 o'clock a servant of Lord Darcy's brought me a letter from him and divers copies of letters to him and others with answers to the same; all which, together with my answer to lord Darcy, I send your Grace. Lord Darcy has learnt that the commons in coming forward have been at the houses of my lord of Westmoreland, the lord Latymere and other gentlemen who have been with your highness in London, "and taken inventories of all their goods." Thinks the King should write a letter of thanks to lord Darcy. Is sore sick and fears he shall not long be here; in any case, begs favour for his wife, son, and children. Wynfeld, 20 Jan., 12 p.m. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
20 Jan. R. O.	170. [SHREWSBURY] to DARCY.
	I thank you for your good advertisement by your servant this bearer as well in your own writing as by the copies you sent; which all I have sent to the King, and as I shall hear from his Grace I will advertize you. Where you desire advice; I cannot give you better than to follow as you have begun in staying the commons, which, by the help of your friends and these gentlemen now returned from the King, I trust you will do, and to see the castle of Pomfret, in your charge, surely kept, and the honour there "stayed." Wynfeld, in haste, 20 Jan., 12 p.m.
	Copy headed: Copy of my letter to Lord Darcy. P. 1.
20 Jan. R. O.	171. DARCY to FITZWILLIAM.
	We have been occupied of late in staying the commons from new commotions; as the copies sent by my servant this bearer will show. In the East Riding Sir Robert Constable, Robert Aske, and Mr. Babthorp, and Ellerkers have done their parts; and so, I hear, have Sir Oswald Woilsthorp about York and Mr. Bowes in his quarter "in these two days after they came home." My lord of Cumberland will certify you of the West, but I hear of no risings there. Sir Richard Tempest has done good service there. All my neighbours and his are quiet and pay their farms and rents and obey the justices. Commends Mr. Chaloner, Mr. Gryce and good Sir Robert Nevill. The coming home of these gentlemen was in good time. The sending home of all the lords, Sir Ric. Tempest and others, with promise of the free parliament and pardon and of justice against "all that was in their bill of articles," and that the Duke—coming down soon—will affirm the same, will avail more than a force of 40,000 men. 20 Jan. 1537. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: My lord Admiral. Endd.
R. O.	2. Another copy in Darcy's own hand and signed by him.
	P. 1. Subscribed: Copy of lord Darcy's letter to my lord Admiral. Endd.
R. O.	3. Another copy, in Darcy's clerk's hand.
	P. 1. Endd.
20 Jan. R. O.	172. DARCY to SIR ARTHUR DARCY.
	Peruse the letter sent to my lord Admiral and ali the copies with all speed that they may be delivered. I have had a painful time with my rupture and lax, which takes away my stomach, "and yet as now other sickness I have not, but sick or whole Old Tom hath spared neither for great costs nor pains to play the part of a true hone[st] man." Will write more with Mansell who comes forward to-morrow. I cannot recover my expenses of this year within five years, if I live, and am now a very beggar. Help Chantrell, this bearer, to get my money and salmon of the fishmongers in London: they have forfeited to me 200l. 20 Jan.
	P.S.—Since writing, my cousin Sir Ralph Eure sent me word that Mr. Lumlay and all his company that lay before Scarborough are also stayed.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
20 Jan. R. O.	173. JOHN LORD LATIMER to the LORD ADMIRAL.
	Thank you for your good report of me in my being among the commons against my will. At Buntingford on my way towards London, there met me a letter from my lord Chancellor, my lord Privy Seal, and other of the King's council, signifying that I should tarry in the North notwithstanding the King's letters to me to come up, because my lord of Norfolk was dispatched. Forthwith I returned homewards, and now, at Stamford, I learn that the commons of Richmondshire, grieved at my coming up, have entered my house at Snape and will destroy it if I come not home shortly. If I do not please them I know not what they will do with my body and goods, wife and children. I beg to know the King's pleasure and shall follow the same whatsoever come of it, "likewise as I adventured my coming up now." If it were the King's pleasure that I might live on such small lands as I have in the South, I would little care of my lands in the North. Stamford, 20 January.
	I have but small power, having no rule of men under the King and no house that is strong. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add. Endd.
20 Jan. R. O.	174. SIR RALPH ELLERKAR, Jun., to HENRY VIII.
	On Thursday the 18th came to Hull in the afternoon, when there arrived three messengers from Sir Francis Bigod demanding the delivery of one John Hallam and his fellows apprehended as traitors by the town of Hull. Had entered the town before the messengers came to the gate, and word being come that they had writings from Bigod, the writer received it of them and read it. Then asked what conduct they had, seeing they were traitors against the King. They said they had none but their master's commandment. Took two of them and has them in ward. Sent the third back to Bigod with the writer's answer, "which I think made him and his company to flee out of Beverley." I did not know at the time he intended to enter it; which he did on Thursday the 18th at 4 p.m., he not being aware of my coming home: when he knew of it he did not rest in Beverley more than seven or eight hours. Because of rumours of a new commotion procured by Bigod, George Lumley, Hallam, and their adherents, my father was at Beverley to stay the people there; yet Bigod and others entered the town. My father hearing that I was come home sent two men to me to ask counsel what they should do. Being told that the town was loyal I replied that I would be there next day at 12 o'clock with the King's power to give battle to Bigod, and I sent my brother Thomas Ellerker to assemble the lordship of Cottingham, and Rudstone and Hew Clederow to bring in their quarters, and Sir John Constable, of Holderness, and Robert Hog, a servant of your Grace's, to bring in their quarters of Holderness, which came in right well and met with me two miles from Beverley before 8 in the morning. Nevertheless my father, Robert Krayk, Thos. Barton, one Whartton, Robt. Gray, Robt. Raffells, John Webster, with the honest men consulted about attacking Bigod and his company, and did so early in the morning before I came to them. Bigod, however, escaped with many of his company, but they have taken 62 score (fn. 11) (bill of their names enclosed). On the other side of the town this morning came in Sir Wm. Cunstabyll, Matthew Bowntten, Edw. Rosse, Wm. Barcer, Nic. Appyllzard, with others to serve your Highness. It was discussed how the prisoners should be treated. Some would have had them all kept in prison; others only the chief; others thought they should all be bailed, especially one Monckton that came from Robert Asc. At last as the chiefs had escaped and most of these were forced against their wills we bailed them all to appear before your Grace's lieutenant when called on. Thomas Husse can explain the state of Hull. I had sent to Sir Robert Trewytt and Sir William Ascewe for 100 men to come to me at Hull as I had no leisure after coming home "to speak and to labour men to serve your Highness," but I have sent to stay them to prevent needless expense. The service done here at Hull and Beverley will make others beware. I perceive there is some "schrys" abroad yet in this country which I would fain have. If I might have 200 horsemen for a season in wages, "I would trust to God to help to pull them in in this country with the help of Sir Rauff Evers and other your Grace's servants." I think there must be some of their ill people put out of the way, for if I had come in time none of the prisoners taken at Beverley should have been taken alive by my will, to make others beware. I send divers letters found in Bygod's lodging after his departure from Beverley and a copy of a letter sent to Rudston, to stay him from me; but he replied he was pledged to serve his Highness and meet me. Thos. Husse will declare the service done by Will. Knolles and John Elland of Hull in taking rebels. They are content to let me have what money I need for their tuition, and I have 100l. to give in wages. I cannot tell what has become of Bygod or Lumley, but I have sent out spies. I want gunpowder and 20 gunners, and if you please to let me have 100 horse out of Lincolnshire from Sir Rob. Trewytt and Sir Will. and Chr. Ascew, "which is within 6 or 7 miles of the water side, I trust to make myself with your Grace's commandment to me sent by this bearer." Hull, 20 Jan.
	Hol., pp. 5 (the two sheets found apart). Add. Endd.
R. O.	2. "The names of the soldiers that came to Beverley with Sir Francis Bygott, and thare is taeyn."
	The list contains names of persons in different townships or places as follows:—Kyrkby, 9 names; Thurkleby, 1; Wyntringham, 3; Newton, 3; Scamston, 6; Rellington, 2; Thorp Basset, 4; Settrington, 4; Grymston, 2; Byrdsall, 10: Menthorp, 2; Sherburn, 5; Thixendaill, 4; Frydaythorpe, 1; Towthorpe, 1; Knapton, 2; Howsom, 3.
	Pp. 2, long strip. Endd. by Wriothesley.
R. O.	3. Another copy of § 2, headed: "The names of the soldiers that came to Beverley with Sir Francis Bigod."
	P. 1. Very faded and worn.
R. O.	4. Another copy, endorsed by Darcy: "The names taken at Beverley that was with Bygott."
	At the end in Darcy's hand:—"All the afore named names were taken by old Sir Rawff Ellerker and others gentlemen, as Robert Crake, Ric. Warton, Thos. Barton, the bailey of the town at Beverlay, with others, the xixth of January 1537."
	Pp. 2.
20 Jan. R. O.	175. SIR RALPH ELLERKAR, Jun., to CROMWELL.
	Fears he has been indiscreet in writing to the King in his own hand, and hopes Cromwell will apologise for him. Writes nothing to Cromwell himself believing he will see it. Desires also to be excused to the duke of Norfolk as he has no more time. Hull, 20 Jan.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
20 Jan. R. O.	176. WM. MAUNSELL to MR. BEKEWITH.
	Cousin Bekewith, I doubt not you have heard of this last attempt in our country by Sir Francis Bygod. You know I can do the King small service to come to London now; I require you to ascertain my lord Privy Seal that I and my friends have joined Sir Oswald Wyllesthrope to serve the King. Speak with my lord Chief Baron, that I catch no damage, and my servant shall come with the King's process. Yesterday your tenants of Styllyngflett were "kesten" out of their houses by Aclom. As soon as the country is stayed, I will come myself. Shew my servant Richard Golthorpe that he "estay" all things till he hear from me. Sir Francis Bygod is fled and divers prisoners taken from him. York, 20 January.
	All your timber is carried away by Aclom.
	I charge you shew the King that young George Lumley has come this day to York and is with Mr. Wyllestrope. He alleges much in his excuse, and indeed he commanded all his company to recoil to their houses. "Albeit, because he was in the said attempt, Mr. Wyllestrope is desirous to know the King's pleasure." If I may be excused at London, send me word with speed.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.: At Greys Inn. Endd.: Since the pardon.
20 Jan. R. O.	177. SIR OSWOLD WYLLESTROP to HENRY VIII.
	According to the King's command, went to York to stay the people and know their intents upon the late attempt. The mayor and city have promised to "defend all your enemies" with aid from the gentlemen of the country.
	Hearing of the insurrection in the East Riding, wrote to Sir Francis Bygode and the commons. Sends a copy with Bygode's answer. Has declared to the dean and chapter Bygod's letter sent to them for aid. They have promised to be true subjects. Doubts not all the gentlemen will be fast in the King's service. York, 20 Jan., 4 p.m. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
20 Jan. R. O.	178. SIR OSWOLD WYLLESTROP to CROMWELL.
	Immediately after coming to Yorkshire went to York and assembled the mayor and citizens to know their intent upon this late attempt begun by Sir Fras. Bigode, John Halom, and others. They answer that they will with all their power keep the city with the help of Sir Oswold and other men of worship. Understands from Bigode's letters that he and his company, who are fled from Beverley, intend to go to Swaldaill and Richmondshire. Trusts to "adjourn their purpose." Norfolk ought to come with all speed and inform the gentlemen what day he will be at Doncaster, and then all honest persons will surely attend him.
	Though William Maunsell has great charges in the Exchequer, has caused him to remain here to serve the King. He shall send his servant to Cromwell. York, 20 Jan., 4 p.m.
	Has sent to the King copies of all the letters between him and the commons in this late attempt. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
[20 Jan.] R. O.	179. CHRISTOPHER AYSCOGHT to [SIR JOHN ALEYN].
	One Hallaym, one of those who had the greatest rule among the commons of Yorks Wold and Holdernes came to Hull and hoped to have taken it by treason. There were three score in Hull with him by appointment of the false traitor Sir Fras. Bygott and young Lomley. Bygott was at Beverley on Thursday night and thought to have had it and Hull afterwards, but the mayor had warning by one of Hallaym's company. So he is taken with seven of his company at Hull, and at Beverley three score of Bygott's company, "and he fled, with three hundred with him," no one yet knows whither:—we suppose, to Richmondshire to the Dallys men, for they be up in divers parts there. Old Sir Ralph Elddercar with the township of Byverlay took the three score of Sir Fras. Bygott's company, and the town of Hull took Hallame and seven with him with much pain; the rest fled. He hurt divers and did like a tall man.
	Young Sir Rauff Elddarcar is come to Hull and has taken the rule of Holl (Hull) by the King's commandment. On his way down he had knowledge of this treason and sent to Sir Will. Ascoght and me to come to his aid if necessary. I had word of the business beforehand and was ready to help the town of Hull with 100 men, or 200 or 300 if need were, at an hour's warning, and also with victuals enough both for my men and the town. I am now in the town with Sir Ralph with 20 of my own household servants, and my father is ready with 200 or 300 to send to me if needed, and also to victual the town. My father is ready to serve the King where it pleases him and my lord Privy Seal. "And, Ser, the counthre about my father's hows as Lowht, Lowht-eesskk, Ludborht and Hauevers-sto (Haverstoe) thys iij wappyn tayx haht mad requyst to me to sew for a commysshon that my father and I may have the rewll off thyem," for they love not the rest of the gentlemen of the shire. The honest men are desirous to serve the King and especially to be under the rule of my lord Privy Seal. "Ser, Bellow ways with me at Lowht, wech ys my lord's sarvevand and he can shew my lord the trewth." I beg to know my lord's pleasure about the commission. Send me 20 pair of brigandines and as many pair of "preve ssleves and ssccolls (sculls)" and I will pay you at my coming up.
	I have you money in Derbyshire, &c. Hull, Saturday morning.
	Hol., pp. 4.
20 Jan. R. O.	180. ANTHOINETTE DE SAVEUSSE to LADY LISLE.
	I send you "ugne perre de pommes de grenade." If you have any news of Madame du Riou I beg to know them. I fear much she has left Pont de Remy, and I intended to give a little entertainment to all the non religieuses of our monastery because I was their queen on Twelfth Night. Dunkerke, St. Sebastian's Day.
	Hol., Fr., p. 1. Add.
20 Jan. Corpus Reform. III. 238.	181. MELANCHTHON to VITUS THEODORUS.
	Has been prevented from going to Leipsic fair by these disputations. Luther has composed his own articles, which he thinks must be defended to the last. They are the same as those in the Confessio and Apologia, with some additions about the Primacy of the Pope.—The Turks.—No news of the English except that it is said Antonius (fn. 12) has been arrested by the King's order. * * * 20 Jan.
	Lat.