Henry VIII: August 1538 16-20 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 13 Part 2, August-December 1538. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1893.

'Henry VIII: August 1538 16-20', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 13 Part 2, August-December 1538, (London, 1893) pp. 37-57. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol13/no2/pp37-57 [accessed 20 April 2024]

August 1538 16-20



16 Aug.	104. Sir John Dudley to Cromwell.
R. O.	I find by Master Polsted you have delivered him my bill ready signed for the abbey of Hales Owen. I shall never be able to deserve your kindness, but I beg you to forbear the 500l. I owe you till eight days after the King be past Hawlden, for since my servant Thos. Dudley was with your Lordship I thought your pleasure had been determined upon Paynswike and Morton Valence, whereupon I discharged my debts to John Browne and others to the sum of 550l., and am now quite unfurnished. But I have promised Polsted full payment in three weeks, "and within less than 10 days if it were not for the King's Highness coming to my poor house." London, 16 Aug.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.: Lord Cromwell, lord Privy Seal.
16 Aug.	105. John Husee to Lady Lisle.
R. O.	Mr. Basset is come, merry and in good health. Tonight he enters Lincoln's Inn, where there are at this day almost fourscore gentlemen. If he had not come this week his chamber would have been gone. He desires your blessing and my Lord's, and sends commendations to my mistress his wife and his sisters. I send by bearer a box of treacle of your own poticary's, and by Nich. Marcks I trust you will receive liveries of marble colour for 12 yeomen and eight gentlemen. The rest will be ready in 16 days. Mrs. Anne is at Woodham Water. I will see the money safely conveyed to her. Tomorrow Skutt shall have your stuff in hand. I should like to have the spoon with speed to take to Court. It might stay your coming over. Mr. Russell and my lady are sick. If you did send to them with the first of all your conserves it would be well taken. Excuse me to my Lord for this day, I have been so busy. In haste, 16 Aug.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.
16 Aug.	106. Herry Polsted to [Cromwell].
R. O.	Has received his .letter of the 14th, with Mr. Pope's letter. Evidently Pope is as loth that Cromwell should purchase the manor as he is of Cromwell's displeasure, so that if Cromwell stick to it he will have his purpose. Sends copy of Pope's letter. Doubts not he will get 300l. if he wishes to part with it again. Has spoken with Master Dudley, but came too late, for all his money was gone long since. He has been in Staffordshire, and came to London this Friday. Sends a letter which Polsted procured him to write. Does not know whether he has written anything concerning the reversion, but he said Cromwell should have it at his own price. Has written to Master Parry for the survey thereof.
	Intends to bring Cromwell his will at Sheffelde, with the valuations of divers monasteries, which he has sought out to serve his purpose for Master Gregory and my lady. Thanks Cromwell for remembering his suit to the King and his warrant at Mortlake. The Rolls, 16 Aug. Signed.
	P. 1.
R. O.	2. Copy of Thomas Pope's letter to Cromwell.
	I have received your letters, wherein you can scant believe but that I and Robynson have circumvented you in the purchase of Drayton. Nevertheless your Lordship writeth you will bear no malice if I declare my oaths to be true and let you purchase the said manor for what I paid to Sir John Dudley. Robynson is come to London, and will be with your Lordship in two days; he much lamenteth your displeasure. I am contented for your Lordship to have Drayton of me, so that I may be discharged of my promise to Robynson of the preferment, on which he lent me 400l. If I had not promised Robynson, before Mr. Whorwood and others, to be bound in 1,000l. for the performance of my promise, "he would never have released his interest to me." I had or this delivered the obligation to Robynson's servant if Mr. Polsted had not required me to incumber the land no further. I had made my wife a jointure thereof. I remember once, among other counsel your Lordship gave me in your gallery at the Rolls, you willed me to keep my word. I was moved only by friendship to Robinson; when I came first to London, in my necessity he lent me money. I have lost in the 50l. manor I sold towards the purchase, 100l.; it cost 1,100l. and I sold it for 1,000l. I have besides lost 25l. rent at Michaelmas. Next to the King I am bound to your Lordship, of whom I have received all I have. I beg credence for Mr. Dyer, the bearer, and thank you for favouring his late suits. Putnethe, St. Lawrence Day [10 Aug.].
	Copy, in the hand of Polsted's clerk, pp. 2 (clearly that appended to the preceding letter). Add.: Lord Privy Seal.
16 Aug.	107. Sir Richard Ryche to Cromwell.
R. O.	The King commanded me to let the priory of Horton and its demesnes to Tate, and afterwards a farm, "whether it were the manor of Horton or not I cannot tell till I come to London." If it be not it shall be at your command, for I would rather Palmer had it than Tate. "It was reported in the presence of your friends that a certain person would have Horton priory and the best farms thereto belonging, maugre my good will, wherein promise is kept." At our meeting you shall know more. Wyvenhoo, 16 August.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
16 Aug.	108. Dr. William Petre to Cromwell.
R. O.	After surrender taken of the three monasteries in Norfolk, whereof no doubt Cromwell is advertised by Mr. Sowthwell and Lentall, Petre rode into Yorkshire. There he first named the prior of Nueburgh, as Cromwell wished. Received the resignation of the abbot of Whiteby, and as they had no conge d'élire, took their "compromise" into his Lordship's hands. Dr. Sherwoode (who is named of naughty judgment) was not with the Bishop nor at York, so Petre rides to Beverlay, to him there, with Cromwell's commands; thence to Clatercotes. Begs remembrance of his suit. Having a mete messenger, thought his duty to show his proceedings. Malton, 16 August.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
R. O.	109. Gregory Conyers to Cromwell.
	Petitions to know Cromwell's pleasure in the suit of the late abbot of Whitby against him. Cromwell wrote to the Council in the North to examine the matter; but all the witnesses called by the abbot were his own servants except Laurence Knaggs and Mr. Chamley, who are not indifferent. Petitioner's witnesses were never examined upon the principal article of Cromwell's letters, i.e, whether an exaction named "Reyk pens" was gathered in Whitby parish before the statute for the discharge of the "Rome pens called Peter pens." Begs Cromwell to settle the matter or remit it to the law, and to consider petitioner's great expenses before Cromwell here in London as well as before the Council in the North.
	Large paper, p. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
16 Aug.	110. Will. Chester, Mayor of Bristol, to Cromwell.
R. O.	Sir John Rawlins, mentioned in Cromwell's letter concerning the rape of a young girl of nine or ten, was arrested and sent to the gaol of Newgate in Bristol. At the quarter sessions, held 18 June last, the jury returned a verdict which was not sufficient, and at the gaol delivery of the 7th August he was indicted of the said rape. Indictment and the first, void, verdict enclosed. He has found good sureties to appear before the King's Council. Bristol, 16 Aug. Signed.
	P 1, Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
R. O.	2. Verdict of the jury that Sir John Cartelage or Rawlins, of Bristol, clk., on the 18 April 29 Hen. VIII., enticed Eliz. Thomas, about eight years old, to his chamber and endeavoured to violate her.
	P. 1.
R. O.	3. Indictment finding that the rape was accomplished.
	Latin, p, 1.
16 Aug	111. Wm. [Barlow] Bp. of St. David's [to Cromwell.]
Cleop. E. iv. 260. B. M. Wright's Suppression of the Monasteries, 206.	Has done his best according to Cromwell's ("your Lordship's") letters for removing idolatrous images. Has done it quietly throughout the diocese, and expresses a hope that the people will be rescued from Popish delusions, and erudition be planted even in Wales. If his petition be obtained for the translating of the see to Kermerddyn and transposing Abergwilly College to Brecknock, the principal towns of South Wales, Welsh rudeness would soon be framed to English civility. The see is in an angle so unfrequented (except by vagabond pilgrims) that evil-disposed persons lurk there at liberty, while those who would do well cannot utter their welldoing. Moreover, it has always been esteemed a delicate daughter of Rome resembling her mother in idolatry, licentious living, deceitful pardons, &c., as it is written Roma semel quantum dat bis Menevia tantum. As the bp. of Rome's influence crept up by policy, so did that of our Welsh David, the patron of Wales, whose very existence is doubtful, as it rests upon such legends as those lately tried out of Dervelgadern, Conoch, and other Welsh gods. Has some antique writings in barbarous letters and incongrue Latin showing that Rome herself would scarcely compare with St. David's for usurpation, extortion, bribery, simony, &c.; and now that Rome is exiled out of England the remnants of her puppetry should be banished out of Wales. The cost of a sumptuous building (a commorth lately granted for the same) would be better bestowed at Kermerddyn than in a barbarous desolate corner. Lantfey, 16 Aug. Signed.
	Pp. 4.
16 Aug.	112. John Bekynsaw to Lady Lisle.
R. O.	Writes to certify her of her son James's good health. Mr. Kyllegro would have brought him home to her, as my lord of Winchester intended, but Madame La Gras would not suffer him to depart because her husband was not at home and Mr. Kyllegrow brought no letters from you or my lord of Winchester. Mr. Carow, your kinsman, sends commendations, having no news to write himself. Mr. Sharyngton, passing by this town with Mr. Bryan's train, borrowed of Mr. Carow 5l. and gave him a bill to pay it at his coming to Calais, and he begs you to send him the money. Paris, 16 Aug. 1538.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.: In Calais.
16 Aug.	113. John Heliares to Sir Thos. Harrison, Curate of Warblington.
R. O.	I am anxious to hear from my brother Fowle how he came home and how he sped in his matters. I fear they met with Frenchmen homewards who, I am told, about that time, robbed divers Englishmen. If Hugh Holland come not himself, pray let him send me the token which I sent him into Zeland by my brother Fowle when he was at Louvain with me, so that I may know that they are alive, as neither of them can write. The morrow of the Assumption of Our Lady.
	Any tokens or letters sent to me, let them be addressed in my absence to mine host, Jacobus Sempidores, goodman of the Antony, who will pay carriage and keep them till my return from lectures, or from any learned men's chambers.
	Hol., p. 1. Endd. by Harrison as delivered by him to Sir Wm, Gowryn.
16 Aug.	114. [Sir] Richard Gresham to Cromwell.
R. O.	Asks Cromwell to move the King that the late prior of Walsingham, who is both impotent and lame, may be parson of Walsingham. He is very discreet, learned, of good name and fame, and can set forth the Word of God very well, whereof the town has great need. Asks Cromwell to be good lord to Bolter, the bearer, that he may have his licence for beans. London, 16 Aug.
	Hol., p.1. Add.: Privy Seal. Endd.
16 Aug.	115. Sir Thos. Wharton to Cromwell.
R. O. St. P. v., 136.	Immediately after his return from the King, sent to the lord Maxwell for a day of March to be kept especially for the disorders of Ledesdall and the unlawful taking of Sir Reynold Carnaby's servants. They met at Lochmaben Stane on the 9th Aug. and left not a bill unanswered, Maxwell delivering to Wharton his brother and Wharton his to Maxwell, as pledges. Maxwell said Sir Reynold Carnaby's servants were not taken within Warton's rule, but Wharton debated the point, saying they had filed the West March when they entered Scotland; and the deliverance was arranged next day, 10 Aug., as appears by the proclamation herewith. Have appointed a meeting at Cressop on Friday, 24 Aug., (fn. n1) for attempts by Liddesdale men since the peace. Has endeavoured to help the men of the Middle March who have suffered most from the Scots, and sent to Sir John Wetheringtom, the deputy warden, for all bills that have colour of filing the West March. Has appointed a warden court at Carlisle on Saturday, 25 Aug. (fn. n2) Would like the King's letters to force an agreement between Cumberland and Dacres, but not as if at his solicitation, for neither of them loves him. Carlisle, 16 Aug. Signed.
	Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
R. O. St. P. v., 137.	2. "Copy of a proclamation made at the Bating Busk." [See another copy in No. 63.]
	P. 1.
16 Aug.	116. Sir Thos. Wharton to the Council at York.
Calig. B. iii. 225. B. M.	On Friday, 9 Aug., met the lord Maxwell at Lochmaben Stone. Good justice was done for the West Marches, although there was little expectation of good rule owing to the late attempts in the Middle March. Demanded the Englishmen taken of his cousin Sir Reynold Kerneby's servants, and other the King's subjects. On Maxwell denying, said he would provide a remedy. Had a meeting the morrow after at Baytyng Buske,—settled a proclamation. Sends a copy. Has agreed to meet Maxwell at Creshope Friday, 23 Aug., to redress the Ledesdale matters. Has written to Sir John Whetherington for all bills. Learned yesterday at Appleby from Sir Will, and John Musgrave that they are commanded to wait on the Council at York on the 17th. Begs that John be dismissed and sent hither, as he is needed to consider the bills in these parts touching Bowcastelldale. Kyrkbythurne, 16 Aug. Signed.
	Pp. 2.
Calig. B. iii. 226. B. M.	ii. Another copy of the proclamation made at the Batyng Busk, 10 Aug. 1538. [See No. 63.]
	Pp. 2. Addressed: "To the King's highness' most honorable council at York." Endorsed by Wriothesley.
16 Aug.	117. Thos. Theabolde to Cranmer.
Nero B. vi. 148. B. M.	Within these eight days, Myhel Frognorton, Pole's steward, was at Padua buying linen, &c. He told a Lombard of Theabolde's acquaintance that his master would be at Venice most of the winter "attending the time of the Council," for the Venetians were very desirous of him; that the Emperor and French king communed more and showed greater friendship to him than to the Pope and Cardinals, and that his exhortation to them both was a great occasion of their accord. Hears from others that he was more conversant with them than all the rest. He was also with both the French Queen and the queen of Navarre, "whom he liked not so exceedingly, for he reported after his return home from here that she was in heaven and in God's bosom or ever he could come to her. What these things do betoken God knoweth and your Grace can and may conjecture. They please me nothing." The Council was indicted again at Vyncence, openly in the chief church by Alian[der] cardinal Brundusinus, to begin next Easter. It will be as sure as the others have been, for all are but illusions and dissimulations. No men jest and rail more against them than the Italians. Vyncence is not a place meet for a council, for it is as populous for its bigness as any city he has seen, and the lodgings do not respond thereto. Passed through it within these five days with some Flemings who were friends of Card. Brundusine's physician and secretary. Was told that he had his bulls and everything ready to indict the Council in Almayne. Hears he is now departed, but will go first to confirm the peace between the Vivade and Verdynand, who is at Prague. He will chiefly address himself to the duke of Saxon, for he is determined to confe[r] with Luther and Melanchthon upon all their controversies, and for this purpose carries with him all his books. Thinks he intends under pretence of this indiction to prove all ways to agree with [the] divines of Wyttenberge by some middle or means, or at least find out what they can do or to what point they may be brought, "for r[a]ther they will find a means of agreement than to stand to a Council indifferent." Reckons they have some hope by reason of Philip Mela[nchthon's] incons[tan]cy and the contentions of these Svynglians and them, with these other new sects rising daily. Reckons they will not find Luther after th[eir] hope, for he has lately written a more vehement work against the Pope and his councils pretended, than any he has written hitherto. Aliandre entertains all the high Almains who come to his place, as many of the students in Padua do, and asks them about Luther and Melanchthon, praising them much. Aliandre was promoted to his Cardinalate by his learning and crafty wit, to be one of the Pope's "jocklers," for his virtue is no greater than his brethren. He has a bastard son of 18 years, whom he calls his nephew, and to whom he would resign his archbishopric if he legally could. He has already provided for him other good benefices, and at his father's departure he will be sent to Padua to study. A Scotch archbishop (fn. n3) has been at Vincence since May, being sent to the Council. Last winter he was with the Pope in Rome. He is lodged at the Grey Friars, of which order he was in times past, and therefore it is like that he is an exceeding honest man. Has not seen him or any of his household. Friar Peto is among the Observant Friars at Venice by Mr. Pole's means.
	Was told by an Almayn merchant who came straight from Augusta that he met 6,000 Spaniards going to defend Hoben in Hungary, which the Vivad had delivered to Ferdinand. He himself is gone to Sievenberge where he is out of all danger. Ferdinand has already sent 600 men at arms. The Venetians and Pope are in great fear at these accords of the Emperor, French king, Ferdinand, king of Poland, Vivade and other. The Venetians have made a proclamation that banished men may return on condition of helping Ferdinand against the Turk.
	The citizens and common people over all the dominion of Venice desire nothing so much as the Emperor to be lord of Italy, and seeing him so fortunate and their lords in fear, they begin to speak their minds liberally, for they are in such servitude by tribute and taxes that their hearts are alienated from the heads. They dare not move because the lords of Venice have builded one or two castles in every city, whereby they are ordered like beasts, "and therefore as much as they can and dare aspirant ad libertatem." Does not hear much news of the Turk, for he is 30 miles from Padua, drinking the waters to cool his liver and correct the immoderate heats by reason thereof.
	Hears that the Barbaroussa has taken 10 or 12 Christian galleys. Andreas Dorias returned on the 8th or 10th inst. from conducting the Emperor to Genoa and will join the Christian navy against the Turks as fast as he can. The Venetians think of sending the duke of Urbino with 10,000 or 12,000 men to invade the Turk's lands in Slavonia. Saw 100 Spaniards going to serve the Venetians.
	Expects to return to Padua in four days. Asks him to send on the letter to the earl of Wiltshire. Has written by every post since coming here; but since leaving England, which is a year, has only had one letter, which was with his bank. Fears his father and other friends will make a stay to send him money at Michaelmas, because they would have him home. Asks Cranmer to cause them to send him his "deuty" for he needs it. Has spent the 20l. Cranmer sent him from his friends and 20 cr. besides. Every thing is twice as dear as usual in consequence of this war with the Turks. Asks him to obtain from him for the earl of Wiltshire, half a year's farm of Chedyngstone,—specially because of his journey to Rome this winter, for here is no borrowing of money. In France or Almain could have made shift for 500 cr. Chaldere, 16 Aug.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd.
16 Aug.	118. Anthoine [Duke of Lorraine] to the Queen of Scotland.
Balcarres MS. ii. 88. Adv. Lib. Edin.	Is glad to have found the bearer to send her news. He and his children make good cheer. Is ready to do any service to the King her husband and her. Bar, 16 Aug. Signed: "Anth'e."
	Hol., Fr., p. 1. Add. Endd. M. le Due de Lorraine.
17 Aug.	119. Bishop Stokesley.
Close Roll, 30 Hen. VIII. pt. 7, m. 3d. No. 60.	Release and quitclaim by John Stokesley, bp. of London, to Thos. lord Crumwell, lord and true owner of the manor and lordship of Wymbelton, Surrey, of his interest in a great close of land and wood called Mylkehill, in the parish of Wymbelton, near Bervery Brigge on the south side of the highway, containing about 120 acres; which belonged to Thos. Megges, kinsman and heir of the late bp. af Ely, brother and heir of Thos. West. Dated 17 Aug. 30 Hen. VIII.
	Acknowledged in Chancery the same day.
Ib. No. 59.	2. Deed of gift by John Stokesley, bp. of London, to Walter Williams alias Crumwell, and Thos. Avery, in fee simple, of all messuages, lands, &c. in Wymbeldon, Putneth, Rokehampton, Est Shene, and Mortlake, Surr.; and also that messuage or inn now called the Pelican, formerly the Swan, in Wandelesworth, a close of pasture there called Swandowne, of about seven acres, and all other lands, &c, in Wandelesworth and Barnes, Surr., which the Bp. acquired from Thos. Megges, kinsman and heir of the late bp. of Ely, brother and heir of Thos. West. Constitutes John Sandon and John Harvie his attorneys. Dated 17 Aug. 30 Hen. VIII.
17 Aug.	120. John Husee to Lord Lisle.
R. O.	Sends by Nich. Merks, the bearer, 22½ yds. marble for gentlemen's livery, very good cloth at 5s. 8d. the yd.; also 28½ yds. for yeomen at 4s. 8d. The rest shall be ready in 16 days. The King did not come to Porchester nor into the Forest. Edw. Clifford is in ward and likely to suffer for treason in counterfeiting the King's sign or seal. God have mercy on him! Is told his privy seal for 8d. extraordinary was also counterfeited, and divers licences for beer and cloth. Mr. Russell is sick and my lady his wife, but something amended. You shall have great lack of him. Intends to ride to the Court on Tuesday. Can hear nothing yet of Adams. It is said the French king is coming to Brussels, and the Regent going to France to meet her sister. No other news but that the Bishops have not yet finished their long sitting. London, 17 Aug.
	P.S. I have sent my lord of Norfolk's letter.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.
17 Aug.	121. John Husee to Lady Lisle.
R. O.	I sent your treacle by Mr. Corbett. I now send by Nich. Merkes 22½ yds. for the gentlemen's livery of marble, a very good cloth costing 5s. 8d. a yard, and 28½ yds. for the yeomen at 4s. 8d. The rest will be ready in 16 days. The lining and fustian is for Mr. Philpott. I cannot have the stuff for your ladyship till Monday. Mr. Bassett and his man are in Lincoln's Inn, and he desires to have his gear sent. Mr. Russell and my lady are both sick but something amended. You might send them some conserves. I should like to have the spoon. Clyfford of London is in hold for treason. London, 17 Aug.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.
17 Aug.	122. Thos. Broke to Cromwell.
R. O.	I beg you to have that pity upon me, a poor young man, who, "through the fair not kept promises of my wife's parents induced into the charge of wife and children, am now so much charged and oppressed that truly I know not what way or mean I may be able to sustain or continue them," unless you will show like charity to me as you have done to other oppressed men. My lord Chamberlain has, by the King's letters patent, the office of receiver of the county of Guisnes. He is of great age and I should be much bound to you for the reversion thereof. 17 August.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
	123. Thos. Broke to Cromwell.
R. O.	I beg you will not take ill the motion made to you, on my behalf, last night, by my friend Dr. Leyton; for I desired to advance the King's profit, which is much neglected by some officers there, more than my own preferment. I beg you will instruct Mr. Pollarde, now one of the King's general surveyors, that I may freely resort to him. Written this Wednesday.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.. lord Cromwell, lord Privy Seal. Endd.
17 Aug.	124. Friars of Rhuddlan.
R. O.	Memorandum of the surrender of the Black Friars of Rudlond to the bp. of Dover in presence of Perse Motton, usher of the King's chamber. Perse Gruffett, serjeant of arms, and others; and of the delivery of the house to the custody of Motton and Gruffett. 17 Aug. 30 Hen. VIII. Signed: By me Peter Mottū: per me Perys Gruff': per me Henricū Conwey, senior'.
	P. 1.
	2. Surrender of the Black Friars of Rutlonde to the lord Visitor. 17 Aug. 30 Hen. VIII. Signed: Per me D'd. Llo. priorem Fr. Prædicatorum Ruthlan—Per me Fr. Jamys Thomas—Fr. Wyllyam Holfford—Fr. Elyzeus ap Howel—Fr. Owenus ap Kynryke—Fr. Dd. ap Gruffyt.
	P.1.
R. O.	3. Inventory of the stuff of the Black Friars of Rutlond, delivered to Motton and Gruffyth.
	In the choir, a table of alabaster on the altar, a wooden crucifix, new stalls, and very few vestments. In the kitchen, 2 brass pots, a brass pan, 3 pewter platters. No bedding or other stnff. Praised by Master Henry Conwey, Kenrycke Hanmer, and Henry Convey (junior ?).
	Two kine and 5 hogs, 22s. 8d. The servants were paid and one bedrid friar provided for. A little chalice in the visitor's hands not worth 16s. Signed.
	P. 1. Endd. by the bp. of Dover: None lead; about 40s. by year to let.
18 Aug.	125. Thomas Thacker to Cromwell
R. O.	On Friday last, Mr. Gostwyk, Mr. Edgare and I being at dinner with the Lord Mayor, Mr. Birch came in from the Court and said he had your Lordship's command that, if his wife bare a man child, I as your deputy should "make a Thomas." Sitting at dinner word came that his wife was delivered of a man child, and though I hesitated to do it without written commission, he insisted, so that I with Mr. Gostwyk and young Mrs. Gresham, have christened him Thomas. Gave the midwife and nurse 10s. each, and for a reward to the child have deferred to your Lordship's pleasure. From your Lordship's place by Friar Augustines in London, 18 Aug.
	My fellow Richard Woddall is sore vexed with ague, so that I doubt, without comfort from your Lordship, it will cost him his life. He sore repents his folly.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Lord Crumwell, lord Privy Seal.
18 Aug.	126. Cranmer to Cromwell.
R. O. St. P. i. 579 C.'s Letters, 377.	According to Cromwell's letters of the 15th, sent for the German orators and asked them to tarry till the King came nearer. They said they could not do this without the King excusing them to their princes. Next day they bad decided to leave in eight days, but finally agreed to wait for a month. They wish to "entreate of the al uses" and put the articles in writing, which Cranmer has promised shall be done.
	Asks that Dr. Lee and Dr. Barbour, Cranmer's chaplain, may be commissioned to examine St. Thomas' blood in Canterbury cathedral, which Cranmer suspects to be red ochre or such like. Lambeth, 18 Aug. Signed.
	Add.: Privy Seal.
	2. A modern copy of this letter is in Tanner MS. 105, f. 65.
18 Aug.	127. Cranmer to Cromwell.
R. O. C.'s Letters, 376.	Has received his letters concerning the prior of the friars at Calais, with letters to the lord Deputy which he has sent on. Is pleased that Cromwell so frankly admonishes him to favour God's word, and to the right administration of his room and office. Will keep the prior in safe custody till Cromwell's return to these parts. Doubts not there will be matter enough for his deprivation. Lambeth, 18 Aug.
	Reminds him to manage that Hutton shall come over to England. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: Privy Seal.
18 Aug.	128. Cranmer to Wriothesley.
R. O. C.'s Letters, 378.	Asks him to remind Cromwell to send for Mr. Hutton to England that he may by his presence prefer himself in obtaining some honest living belonging to these abbeys. Lambeth, 18 Aug. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: Mr. Wrysleye, Esq.
18 Aug.	129. White Friars, Denbigh.
R. O.	Memorandum of the surrender of the White Friars at Denbigh to the bp. of Dover in the presence of the bp. of St. Asaph, to whose custody the house was delivered. 18 Aug. 30 Hen. VIII. Signed: Per me Robertum Assaphen ep'm.
	P. 1.
R. O.	2. Surrender of the White Friars in Denbigh to the Visitor. 18 Aug. 30 Hen. VIII. Signed: Per me Ricardum Conwey, priorem Fratrum Carmilitarum conventus Denbie.—Per me Jh'onem Blakon. —Per me Rcard' (sic) Browne. —Per me Roger' D'd.
	P. 1.
R. O.	3. Survey of the White Friars (Carmelites) of Denbigh.
	Tenements in Pole flatter Street, Love Lane, the street that leads from the convent to the Market Place, and certain closes. The original donors named. Total yearly value, 42s. 2d.
	The church is a long house, slated, like a barn, "with a steeple of timber like a lovere of a hall, boarded," the top leaded. A little cloister half unbuilded, on the south side of the church. On the east side of the cloister, the chapter house and bishop's chamber. On the south side of the cloister the dorter. On the west side a little hall, buttery, and chamber. An old kitchen, gatehouse, and stable. A fair orchard and a little garden.
	Pp. 2. Endd.
R. O.	4. Inventory of the White Friars of Denbigh, received by the visitor and delivered to the bp. of St. Asaph.
	The choir. —Laten candlesticks, two tables of alabaster, two bells in the steeple, a canopy for the sacrament, &c. The vestry.—Vestments, chasubles, &c.
	Other articles in the chamber, the hall, the kitchen, the brewhouse, and the buttery. In my Lord's hands a chalice with a little crucifex on the foot, 10 oz. Appraised, 19 Aug. 30 Hen. VIII., by Thos. Conwey, Wm. Wynway, John Barker, and Robt. Blake. Total, 4l. 0s. 4d.
	Pp. 2. Endd.
R. O.	5. Another copy of § 4 without the note of appraisement at the end, with a signature in the same hand as the text: "per me Robertum Assaphen' ep'm."
	Pp. 2. Endd. by the bp. of Dover: "Non led nor rentes but ye house and gardens."
18 Aug.	130. Bonner to Henry VIII.
Petyt MSS. Vol. 47, fol. 5. Inner Temple.	Wrote last on the 9th (corrected 10th) by Dr. Heynes, then returning to the King, from Roane, four posts from Lyons. Fears the Bang has not yet received his letters, for his friend could not make so much speed as this courier Francisco. Recapitulates their contents. Trusts the King will receive them soon after the bearer's arrival.
	And now to answer the King's letters. Thinks himself most unworthy for such a function as the King has burdened him with. Will nevertheless serve the King "with most good heart" and diligently advertise him of all occurrences. Has heard something about the French king's promise to the King from Winchester and Thirleby; and is promised full instructions, which he will signify to the King. Has received, according to the King's pleasure, such plate and stuff from Dr. Thirlebie as appears in two writings sent herewith; and 1,000 crowns at Lyons upon a bill of exchange which the King commanded to be sent. With part of the money has bought horses, raiment, &c, and will want still more when he has "place and time to provide as appertained." The King's letters to the French king, the Great Master, the cardinal of Loreyn, and the Chancellor shall be delivered as soon as audience is obtained, "and answer returned with expedition," Burges in Bary, 18 Aug.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.
18 Aug.	131. Bonner to Cromwell.
Petyt MSS. Vol. 47, fol. 7. Inner Temple.	Sent two letters by Dr. Heynes, who left Roane on the 10th instant, and trusts he will, on the receipt of this, receive them also. Heynes and he arrived at Lyons on the 6th, and the same day Winchester and Thirlebye departed thence to avoid them, lodging that night at Barella (L'Arbresle), where he found them next morning. Thought their departure to have been from urgency, but it was not so. Found much kindness in Thirlebie, and as little in the Bishop. Was compelled to send his servant back to Lyons to make provision of horses, raiment, and necessaries, and to inform Heynes where he could tarry for him. The plate and stuff he received from Dr. Thirlebie appears in two writings sent herewith. Received nothing from Winchester.
	They departed from Barella on Wednesday and lodged that night at Terrara. (fn. n4) Thursday, "went to St. Zepherin (fn. n5) to dinner and to Roane to bed." Friday, Winchester and Thirlebye left Roane, lodging that night at La Palice. Bonner tarried at Roane for the return of his servant and to write to Dr. Heynes, but promised Thirleby to be with him on Saturday at the furthest. Having written his letters and taken leave of Heynes ("who at Roane went down to Briaro by water") left Roane on Saturday, and, at the third post called Varennes, overtook the Bishop and Thirlebye, buying horses on the way. On Sunday Winchester and Thirlebie left Varennes and dined at Besse, (fn. n6) Bonner having ridden to Molyns, where Winchester "had appointed his dinner," and where Bonner tarried for them. The same day Winchester sent Germayne to the Great Master, who was with the French king at Schavenna, (fn. n7) three leagues from Molynes' to obtain audience. The answer was that audience could not be had before the French king came to Burges in Barye. (fn. n8) So they stayed at Molynes till Thursday, when they went to Villa Nova, (fn. n9) one post thence. On Friday went to Verdier, (fn. n10) whence, from lack of victuals, they were compelled to go to St. Quyne. (fn. n11) On Saturday, trusting to meet the French king at Burges and make suit for audience, they rode to Blete (fn. n12) and thence to Burges; but the French king had left Burges that morning. "Of his uncertain progress further your Lordship may perceive by the schedule herein closed, which containeth the French king's journey as it is blazed abroad. The report is diverse and much uncertain, as is contained in our common letter to the King." Cannot tell when they shall have audience; will do their best. Today Germayne was sent to the Court and spoke with the Great Master; but Bonner thinks they will not have audience soon, unless "some good fortune stay the French king in his journey." Would be glad if the gentleman of the Privy Chamber, who is to be his colleague, were here when he is presented, "to thentent we might both begin together and jointly afterward so proceed" in the King's service.
	Of his great charges in "these unmeet places" the bearer, Francisco who is "wondrous diligent," will inform him. Is compelled to send to England for horses and other things, for which he begs Cromwell to obtain passport. Requests him to thank the bearer for his kindness to Bonner. At Burges in Bary, 18 Aug.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.: My lord Privy Seal. Endd.
18 Aug.	132. Anthoinette de Bourbon (Duchess of Guise) to the Queen of Scotland.
BalearresMS. ii. 10. Edin. Adv. Lib.	As you commanded him, I have given charge to Rouvray, who is here, to put in writing the matters which concern you and your son at this time The principal is that the little man is as well as could be. The bearer will tell you what he sees. "Il lont trouve creu. Il est toujours bien rongneus, principallement la teste luy gete fort. Je ne (n'ai) garde de permettre lon y face riens." I have good hope "il en sera toujours plus sain." His good grandmother spread a report that he was dead, "et le cuydeye ou plain a la Court," but at the coming of your father every one knew the contrary. "Je ne voy aparence Dieu mercy il aye sete joye. Vous verres par des lettres de Pusguyllon comme, quelque effort elle aye fait, elle na point este despechee de se quelle demendoit. Lon pourvoyra a ses entreprinse quy poura. Je pence elle se trouvara au couches de Madame la Marquyse que lon dit saprochet fort. Il me semble que lon veut prendre le terme a quant Monsieur le Marquys le vyst au retour du veage du Roy de dela les Mons a Lyon lors quy fut renvoye sens elle, mais lon doute que pour se terme elle nest pas ases avensce et quy fauldret prendre le terme a xi. mois; et pour la dernyero veue dudit Sieur Marquys quy fut au partir de Chateaudun il y aret beaucoup a dire, car il ny a que trois mois et elle est bien grose de sys. Je croy il y ara bien affaire dy trouver juste comte. Le poure signeur en est le plus ayse et content du moulde, au moins il le dit. Ainsy lon dit Madame Destampes et elle devoye gaigner chacun leur homme pour Monsieur lAmyral, affin se gouvernement de Bourgongne ne luy fut ouste. Le Roy a set affaire en sy grant affecsion que je ne croy il demeura a Monsieur vostre pere maulgre quyl en aye; au moins lon luy en tyent les pourpos, et ne luy fit le Roy james mylleure chere, et est fort content de l'ordre quyl a mys au dit Parys et ausy de la sorte en quoy il sy est conduyt icy, au conte a se porteur pour vous en dire." (fn. n13) But for God's sake say nothing to anybody of what I write about these ladies, for you know what trouble it would be to be in their ill favour. I have no desire to meddle "en leur pourpos." I had letters this evening from your father, who made very good cheer, and your eldest brother also, but Claude has been very ill of a bloody flux and continued fever. The King has given him such aid that he is now almost well. He returns hither tout bellement, and your father remains quant et le Roy, who is coming by Bourges to Blois, Amboise, and Chamber, finally to withdraw to Fontainebleau. I have written requesting him to pass by Chateaudun to encourage the poor men of the place, who are still (toujours) much astonished to find themselves "sy esseules." I reminded him also of the affair of "ma reste," to speak of it to the King, that we may be quit of it if possible, "car se nest que malleureuse (?) dung tel homme." I think he will do his best, and return hither after conducting the King to Fontainebleau. It is said the Cardinal is going thither from Blois to see the Queen his mother, who is well for her age. Your uncle is at Nency on his return. His wife went to meet him (l'a esté trouver) at Neucbateau, and they remained there some days. They are to come shortly to Bar, where I will go and see them, "sy lon sy porte bien." Our son has had "des fleux de ventre "there. Your sister still suffers from her fever. "Il est aunuyt son jour et commense sen sentir; les mesdesins die toujours elle ne sera point longue, mais sy ny voyge grant amendement; elle sey trouve feble et est tant degoustee que lon ne luy set que denner; se nest point mal dengereux, mais la longueur en est facheuse."
	I am anxious to hear how you are since your arrival. I have already despatched two or three packets for you to remind you to send us news. I know not if you will have received them. I have begged your aunt to get me two sure men of the mines to send you. I shall not fail to send them as soon as I get them, and also two tailors. "Jen euse deja bien trouve, mais je nen veux point sy ne sont de connesance. Il faut myeulx pleus atendre et en avoir de bons." I have had news with many requests for the vicomte de Longueville, who is dead. I have written as you told me to la Blondin (?) and Quyncarnon, and to the officers of the place, to inform me in your father's absence of the most sufficient and capable [person] to exercise the office conscientiously for the good of the duchy and the solace of the people. Many offer money for it, but this should not be allowed for a judicial office. The bearer said you made some promise to the controller Janot, and I would not hinder him, but give it for money I will not, and I think he would not offer it. The procureur of Longueville has asked for it, offering his office of procureur "pour faire proufit." A good procureur is indeed required, and if he were vicomte all the more. 18 August.
	Hol., Fr., pp. 4. Add.
Balcarres MS. ii. 71. Adv. Lib. Edin.	2. An order from the duke of Longueville to the bailly of his duchy requiring to be informed touching certain enterprises of his subject (in the duchy), the Sieur de Donuille, against the mills of his duchy. Fontainebleau, 16 Aug. Original signed: Loys, and below: De Rouveray, "ung paraphe."
	Fr. Notarial copy, attested 24 Sept. 1638. P. 1.
19 Aug.	133. Thomas Becket.
Wilkins iii. 835. (from Phœnix Reviviscens, 203–210, Auctore Chrysost. Henriquez).	Process against St. Thomas of Canterbury. (fn. n14)
	i . Citation of the saint before the King's Council, dated London, 24 April, 1538. (fn. n15) This citations was intimated at the saint's tomb, and, after 30 days had been suffered to elapse according to the statute, judgment was pronounced as follows:
	ii. Sentence, (fn. n16) to the effect that Thomas, formerly archbishop of Canterbury, having been cited, and no one having appeared for him, judgment is given that in his life time he disturbed the realm, and his crimes were the cause of his death, although the people hold him for a martyr. He is therefore never to be named martyr in future, his bones are to be token up and publicly burnt and the treasures of his shrine confiscated to the King. This edict to be published in London, Canterbury, and elsewhere. London, 11 June, 1538.
	This sentence pronounced, the King commanded it to be put into execution 11 Aug. The gold and silver of the shrine (says Pollini) filled 26 waggons. On the 19th (St. Bernard's duy), (fn. n17) the sacrilege was completed and the sacred relics publicly burnt and the ashes scattered.
	Latin.
	134. Thomas à Becket.
R. O.	Extracts from some book relating to Thomas à Becket, from fo. 22, col. 2 to fo. 92.
	Lat., pp. 10.
19 Aug.	135. John Gostwyk to Richard Cromwell.
R. O.	When I wrote to you in favour of Mr. Drakes, who is now in Huntingdon gaol by command of the bp. of Lincoln, it was at the request of Oliver Leder, who sends this other letter enclosed. This Monday, my fellow Pope, treasurer of the Court of Augmentation, has been with me, fearing he has incurred my Lord's displeasure. He begs you to mediate for him and will consider your pains. London, 19 Aug. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
19 Aug.	136. Anthony Birks to Wriothesley.
R. O.	I beg your favour to my lord Privy Seal that so many houses of friars being now "in suppressing" he may help me to one of them as it standeth. The signed bill which the King gave me for Thurgorton Abbey came to no effect as you know. I am in such necessity that a right small gift would do me much comfort. Lye in Kent, 19 Aug.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Right Worshipful. Endd.
[19 Aug.?]	137. Black Friars, Bangor.
R. O.	Inventory of the stuff of the Black Friars of Bangor received by the lord Visitor, and delivered to Wm, Upgrephet (ap Griffith), yeoman of the Crown, and Wm. Uprychard (ap Richard), to the King's use with the house, &c.
	In the choir:—2 old altar cloths (1 diaper), 4 small laten candlesticks, an old altar cloth "stenyd with a fruntlet dorynxe," 2 cruets, a single vestment of green camlet, an old silk cope, 3 old chasubles (1 silk), a holy water stope, a sacre bell, a little "botell tyme," new stalls on one side of the choir, 2 bells in the steeple.
	In the prior's chamber, a feather bed and a flock bed, &c.
	In the buttery, 2 old chests and a little coffer; 2 laten candlesticks, one broken.
	In the kitchen:—Platters and utensils enumerated. Signed in same hand: per we Will'm Up Greffyt, and with a mark for Ap Richard's name.
	P. 1. Endd. by the bp. of Dover : Non led, ther renttes x^s by zer.
19 Aug.	138. Llanvais. (fn. n18)
R. O.	Surrender of the Grey Friars in Londuaze, 19 Aug. 30 Hen. VIII. Signed;—Fr. Jh'es Bachelor—Fr. Robertus Bacheler—Fr. Jh'es Sclye. —Fr. Petrus de Maguncia.
	P. 1.
R. O.	2. Inventory of the stuff of the Grey Friars in Londvaze, received by the visitor and delivered to Jas. Jonson and Gylbert Robynson, bailiffs of Bewmarys, and Thos. Bulkeley.
	The articles catalogued are in the choir, the church, the vestry, the brewhouse, the kitchen, the hall, and the storehouse. Also corn on the ground and sheep.
	Among the items are, a fair table of alabaster on the high altar, two print mass books, one bell in the steeple, &c, The chalice and money received for corn the visitor has. Signed by Jonson and the others.
	Pp. 2. Endd. by the bp. of Dover : "None lead, their land to let iiij. mk. by year and better."
20 Aug.	139. Thos. Prior of Christchurch Canterbury, to Cromwell.
R. O.	Thanks him for his goodness and begs him to continue it. It is a common saying hereabout that religious men will forsake their habit and go as secular priests do. Does not know whether they mean of some certain religion or of all. Cromwell has sent him word before that he and his brethren should never be constrained so to do. Will never desire to forsake his habit, because religious men have been in this church 900 year and more; because he made his profession to serve God in a religious habit; and because if religious men forsake their habits and go about the world, they will have many more occasions to offend God and commit sin than now. Begs him to be good lord to them that they may keep their habit, and to help and defend them if any motion is made to the contrary. Canterbury, Tuesday, 20 Aug. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
20 Aug.	140. John Lord Audeley to Cromwell.
R. O.	As a poor creature may, I most heartily thank you for your courteous receipt of my letter and for your answer. To follow the effect of that letter I send the bearer, who has been an auditor in Wales, and is somewhat beaten in the matter between Wm. Owen and me. He will make you a book of the profits of the barony of Kemmes; for what purpose you know. Please be a mean for me to the King for some of those abbeys which are like to come to his hands, in consideration of my losses, and that, by their hypocrisy, they have got of my ancestors much of their patrimony. Fawndres Marahe, 20 Aug. Signed: By your bownden bedman, Sir John off Audelay, pouer baron.
	P.1. Add.: Privy Seal. Sealed. Endd.
20 Aug.	141. John Lord Fytzwarren to [Cromwell].
Cleop. E. iv. 146. B. M. Wright's Suppression of the Monasteries, 216.	Mr. Goodall, who brought Cromwell's loving letters and the warrant of a stag in Purbeke, has since declared to him the privy practices of certain priests in Sarum, who in confession forbid white meats in Lent, the reading of the New Testament in English, and the company of those of the new learning. Has examined them and certain witnesses against them, and stayed punishment till your Lordship's pleasure be known.
	Hearing that the Visitor of the friars is coming to Sarum to dissolve and make sale of such things as he took an inventory of, I beg your Lordship's letters to him, that I may have the stuff of the Black Friars for my money before any other, and the place to dwell in for my rent; and also for your servant Mr. Goodale for the Grey Friars. Dorneford, 20 Aug. Signed.
	P. 1.
20 Aug.	142. Robt. [Holgate], Bp. of Llandaff, to Cromwell.
R. O. St. P. v. 139.	At their sitting at York, which lasted from 22 July to 17 Aug., many matters between parties were ended, and at the gaol delivery, 18 put to execution, 15 for felony, and 3 for treason, Thos. Mylnar alias Lancaster, Henry Lytherland, vicar of Newark, and the monk of Fountains.
	Sir Thos. Qwarton and Clarencicux, Somerset, Rougedragon, and Rougecroix gave evidence against Milner; and Chr. Eysttoyft, (fn. n19) of Marcheland, Yorks, and Mr. Candysche's priest, of Lincolnshire, against the vicar of Newark. After the vicar's condemnation desired Mr. Candysche and Mr. Dalison of Lincolnshire to take an inventory of his goods. Commends Eysttoyft's service.
	Recommends Dan Herre Davell to be abbot of Whitby. York, 20 Aug. Hol., p. 1. Add.: Privy Seal. Endd.
20 Aug.	143. Gardiner's Instructions for Bonner.
Petyt MSS. Vol. 47, f. 353. Inner Temple.	"The bp. of Winchester, for the instruction of Mr. Doctor Boner in such ten articles as he hath put in writing, and generally in all other things concerning the Kind's highness' affairs and the office committed to the said Dr. Boner of legation and ambassyate in the court of France, saith as followeth."
	Article i. What affairs of the King are pending or to be set forth? The Bishop answers: (1.) The King has with the French king a league of perpetual amity and mutual defence. (2.) Each King is bound to deliver up the other's rebels. It is to be referred to the King whether he shall "charge" the French king for not delivering up Poole on the Bishop's request. (3.) The French king is bound to pay yearly, on 1 May and 1 Nov., about 95,000 crowns of the sun, and, at the same terms 10,000crowns for recompense of salt due. (4.) That pension has been unpaid more than four years. (5.) There has also been another treaty (wherein Pomeraye was the French commissioner) for mutual aid on sea against any invasion of the Emperor: neither prince to contract a marriage or conclude a league to the other's prejudice. And last year the French king demanded aid, which the King instructed Winchester to refuse, as the French king had previously departed from the treaty, first, by making alliance with Clement, bp. of Rome, in marrying the Dauphin to his niece, and, secondly, by giving his daughter to the king of Scots. "To these two objections the French king's Council answered:" first, as to the bp. of Rome, they did what they did for the King's benefit, "to obtain sentence of Clement, which they had obtained at Marseilles if commission had been sent thither;" and secondly, as to the marriage with the king of Scots, they made it with Henry's consent declared by lord Rocheforde. They say further that marriage is not prejudicial; for the King cannot allege that the increase of the French king's friends is to his prejudice; it is to his benefit, and the treaty is not "offended." "This matter hath been reasoned in England, and there the ambassador hath ceased in it:" but when the Bishop reasoned with the Council at Chompiegne (Mr. Wallop being present), they were "very stiff in their solutions before written." The Bishop replied: but as "they yielded not," he has reasoned no more in the matter. His reply was this. He denied the affirmation as to obtaining sentence, for he was at Marseilles. He did not know what Rocheford might have said; and the "light word of an ambassador" was no excuse for violating a treaty. He said it must be prejudicial to the King that the king of Scots by such an allianee .should be "made of a greater stomach," whence he will refuse redress of injuries on the Borders. (6.) The French king promised three articles, viz.: in any peace to include the King as principal contrahent; not to consent to any council without the King's agreement; to aid the King by lending him as much money as he now forbore.
	"So the matters be in number six;" and they "stand in these terms."— (1.) The peace inviolable on Henry's part and not called in question with Francis. (2.) As to the article concerning rebels, the King "hath not alleged it yet openly for a breach, but koepeth it in store." (3.) The pension is to be paid. (4.) Whether the arrearages are to be demanded or not is to be left to the King. (5.) The treaty with Pomeray not further spoken of. (6.) The French king says ho is not bound to keep the promise: all his promises are to be understood by the writing of his own hand, and the writing of his own hand he restrains by a "clause of prayour" added at the end; and by the faith of a gentleman he meant it so. Neither he nor the Constable will hear of it; but it must not be forgotten.
	As for matters to be set forth, the King has "suspended all till these men here shall make any motion."
	Article ii. What is best to be done to advance the above matters, and what is like to hinder them?
	Answer.—The ambassador resident always puts the French king's chief counsellor (now the Constable) in mind before the day of payment to make provision. But when the remembrance is displeasing to them Bonner should not be busier therein than he shall be ordered out of England. As to other matters he should follow his instructions from the King. Before speaking with Francis he should prepare himself to answer any objections he would be likely to make. "Be neither in communication too sharp, whereby you should exasperate them, nor duller in language than the case shall require." The chief hindrance is that the French king and his Council always regard their own profit; and unless a matter be profitable they will not regard it. "Every man speaketh his own."
	Article iii. What has been desired on the King's behalf concerning a General Council, and what was the answer?
	Answer.—The French king, before the King requested him, promised not to agree to a General Council: but when his promise was requested, he refused it as above said.
	Article iv. What has been desired on the King's behalf as to the principal contrahent?
	Answer.—When the French king's promise was required he said he was not bound thereto.
	Article v. What marriages have been proposed, especially with the King?
	Answer.—Two years ago the French king proposed a marriage between the duke of Orleans and lady Mary, which was much talked of: "but then the French king would needs have her as legitime; and so that brake off." A little before last Easter he proposed the marriage again "and would be content to take her not legitime, but so as the Emperor in contemplation of that marriage should give the duchy of Milan to the duke of Orleans." This second overture has "stayed upon the manner of declaring and opening to the Emperor:" for the King would never agree it should be proposed to the Emperor unless Francis would first bind himself to fulfil the two articles abovementioned. "In time of communing whereupon, this truce hath been concluded and the interview taken effect." As to the King's marriage, he "would gladly see the personage with whom ho should contract, before he entered a bond of so long continuance ns marriage requireth; and therefore desired that the queen of Navarre might repair to Calais with three or four of the noble ladies in France in her company." Francis refused, but offered to send to him any personage he could he content to have. If Francis will send a commission into England, Henry will treat further in the matter "and use more acceleration and fewer delays than hath been used here."
	Article vi. May Bonner have copies of the correspondence with the King and Cromwell?
	Answer.—When Winchester was made ambassador he did not retain any copies of letters to England. But Bonner may have copies of the letters from England.
	Article vii. Who have the most intelligence of the state of things here; and how shall he get information from them?
	Answer.—Ambassadors are reckoned to have the most intelligence; they are generally men of experience. "Wise they be, and without great familiarity they will go about to know what they can and say themself as little as they may; for each one feareth to be noted author of any advertisement." The bishop found Wallop well acquainted "and, as it were, dean and most ancient of ambassadors." In his time made acquaintances, and when he left all the ambassadors resorted to Winchester,—one especially, who has died within the last 15 days. "With all sorts I have used to commune and of divers tales have picked out that hath been lightly (likely); but among ambassadors a truth is to be known." Not that all they say is to be believed, but a man of experience will find out that one deserves more credit than another. Therefore, to obtain knowledge he must insinuate himself into their friendship first, "not pretending to search tidings at their hands," for then they will avoid him. Then he should note whether they will talk and devise to tell them news, "and by such means to induce them indirectly to that which apertly they would refuse." "For one thing the world laboreth now chiefly in, to make by secrecy all things uncertain." It is better to fear the worst too much, than to hope for the best with overconfidence, "for, as the old proverb of England is, The best will save itself; the worst had need of provision." In short, the Bishop finds by experience that knowledge of matters depends more on judgment of what is likely than upon any report, although report "confirmeth it well, who can chance upon one that will be so faithful as to report truly. Such I happened on, but he is dead." Has also found others very honest, "who cannot now stand in that stead."
	Article viii. How shall Bonner behave to the French king when he meets him and delivers Henry's letters to him, the Constable, the cardinal of Lorayne and the Chancellor?
	Answer.—The Bishop and Mr. Thyrleby are commissioned to present Bonner to Francis; and he is to apparel himself "in long gear or short, as they shall be, according as the place appointed for audience shall require." He is to take the King's letters wrapped up in a clean paper, go in company with them and make reverence as they do. When the Bishop has signified the cause of his being sent, he shall take out the King's letters, kiss them and deliver them to Francis, saying the King sends his most hearty recommendations. "The Bishop shall supply the rest for the first access," unless Bonner think good to desire the French king to give him favourable audience. As to the other letters, is to deliver them and, suffering them to be read first, is to ask of the persons addressed to grant him access to them when need shall require, promising to inform the King of their goodness and offering his services.
	Article ix. "In publicis conventibus what is the order, what place, and of the ceremonies therein?"
	Answer.—If he is invited to be present in publicis conventibus, he should go, unless he think the King would not allow it. His place is next the Emperor's ambassador and before the king of Portugal's], The ceremonies are, that the French king will appoint him one "to lead" him and keep his company. "Foresee always that you lose not your place of honour before the king of Portugal."
	Article x. In obtaining audience what is the custom?
	Answer.—If he wish to obtain audience he must signify as much to the Constable, the Cardinal, or Villandre, or to the manager of affairs for the time being. Is to observe punctually the hour appointed, "for commonly they tarry for no man." He may be a little troubled when commanded to signify something to the French king only; but he must do as he is ordered, though "they that shall mayne the affairs will not therewith be best content."
	"I cannot tell what I should say further, but in your lodgings abroad, require to be lodged where the ambassadors of England have been lodged. Give some money to the furriers, but not too often. Take heed of picking and stealing, with a diligent foresight and force to remove all matter of occasion. Accommodate yourself to their manner; and observing the premises you shall pass over this your office with satisfaction of your duty and contentation of yourself and them, as far as the diversity of the nation will permit and suffer."
	Pp. 23. Endorsed by Bonnet: The copy of the bp. of Winchester's answers made to my requests, delivered to me at Vieronne, (fn. n20) xx^o Augusti.
Add. MS., 21, 564, f. 1. B. M.	2. Another copy.
	Pp. 21. With seven lines on the back in Bonner's hand, apparently from some French treatise in which a master instructs a pupil in "la maniere de te bien gouverner."
	144. Bonner to Cromwell.
Foxe, v. 154.	"A declaration sent by Dr. Bonner to the lord Cromwell," of his complaints against the bp. of Winchester.
	Complains (1) that when anyone is sent to him on the King's affairs, the Bp., unless he be the only inventor of the matter, uses many cavillations and shows little cheer to the person sent, discouraging him in his duty. Bonner found this at Rouen, when he was sent to Rome, and at Marseilles when the King's appeal was intimated, as also going lately to Nice touching the General Council and the bp. of Rome's authority; and now, last of all, on his return from Spain, when, notwithstanding the King's letters and Bonder's diligence in coming to him, his conduct was as follows :—
	On arriving at Barella (L'Albresle),a post on this side Lyons, 7 Aug., the bp. being in bed, Bonner waited till he got up. On his coming he gave Bonner welcome and proposed a walk in the fields—in order to have a place where he might speak loud "and triumph alone against me, calling in his words again if he spake any amiss." Asked for Thirleby before he went out, and as he insisted on it the bp. sent for him. He then said, "Master Bonner, your servant was yesterday with me, and as I told him I will tell you: in good faith you can have nothing of me." He said Bonner might have of Thirleby his carriage, mules, bed, and what things he could spare, but nothing of him. He could not give him napery, for none was needed in this country, nor his mulets, because he would require to provide others himself; nor his mulet clothes because his arms were upon them; and when Thirleby came in he repeated "his negatives." Describes their altercations in which Bonner told him that as he should have nothing from him he would thank him for nothing, and the bp. said "You lie;" he told Bonner, not that he should but that he could have nothing of him. Gardiner "repeated oft the provision of the thousand crowns," which Bonner said went in his diets, and said Bonner could make good provision for himself. Bonner said he could have provided for all things necessary at Lyons but for Gardiner's haste to depart thence, whom he was obliged to follow. He also said Gardiner's servant, Mace, had sold a horse to some one else though he knew Bonner's need of one. Gardiner complained of Bonner "squirting in post" after him to trouble everything; on which Bonner said Gardiner was loth to depart, and angry that he should succeed him.
	Gardiner then accused him of caring little for the King's honour while living wretchedly with his companion "in yonder parts" on 10s. a day. Bonner denied this and said the week at Villa Franca with Brian had cost him 25l. in charges of the house; and that when they were well settled at Nice, Wyat would not test till he had got them to Villa Franca, "where, even upon the first words of Master Heynes, he was right well content to take of us 20s. by the day; which was not during 10 days; whereas, at his coming to us to Nice, himself and all his servants, and then tarrying with us two days, we took not one penny of him. And, moreover, at the departing of Master Wyat from Villa Franca in post into England, we found ourselves, our servants, all Master Wyat's servants, to the number of 16, all his acquaintance, who, dinner and supper, continually came to us, sometimes 12, sometimes 10, and when they were least six or eight; and for this we had not one penny of Master Wyat. And yet at our coming from Barcelona, where we tarried about eight days, we gave to Master Wyat 28 livres, and to his servants 5 livres, besides 40s. privately I gave to some, being of gentle fashion, out of mine own purse." Gardiner expressed surprise at this, and mentioned further reports of Bonner's illiberally. At length Bonner desired Gardiner to make an end and instruct him of matters in the French Court; but Gardiner ended not, and Bonner saw him home to his lodging and then went to dine at his own lodging in Mr. Thirleby's chamber, when the bp.'s steward, Myrrel, came for him, and after dinner he returned to the bp., who then offered to provide him mules, mulcts, horses, servants, and money. Bonner expressed his surprise that the offer had not been made before, and said he had already sent his servant to Lyons, and others abroad in the town and country to make provision for him. "My Lord," said Bonner, "let me have instructions in the King's matters, and as for other things I shall not ask of you, because this day ye made me so plain answer."
	After much communication Bonner "departed from him lovingly," saying he would be that night at Ferrara (fn. n21) where the bp. intended to be lodged. The bp. then took horse, and Bonner passed him on the way, came to Ferrara (fn. n22) and lodged at the posthouse. At the door the bp. said, "We shall see you soon, Master Bonner!" and Bonner, thinking this an invitation to supper, went to him at that time. The bp. appeared glad of his coming, "making merry communications all supper while, but nothing at all yet speaking to me, or giving anything to me, saving, at the coming of the fruit, he gave me a pear, I trow because I should remember mine own country. After supper he walked, taking Master Thirleby with him, and I walked with an Italian, being ambassador for the Count Mirandula; and after a good space we returned and bade the bishop good night."
	Never dined or supped with the bp. again till he came to Bourge. in Berry, " where upon the depeche of Francis, and closing up of our letters sent to the King's Highness, the supper was so provided and set upon the board, and the Bishop in washing, standing so between me and the door that I could not get out, and there would be needs I should wash with him and sup. And I suppose all the way from Barella to Blois he talked not above four times with me, and at every time, saving at Moulines (where he by mouth told me somewhat of the King's affairs here in France), and at Varron (Vierzon) (when he, answering to my requests in writing, delivered me his book of his own hand (fn. n23) for mine instructions, the copy whereof is now sent herewithal), there was quick communication between us. His talking by the way was with Master Thirleby, who, I think, knoweth a great deal of his doing, and will, if he be the man I take him for, tell it plainly to your Lordship. I myself was out of credence with the Bishop, not being appliable to his manners and desires."
	Was told by Thirleby that when he spoke with the bp. at his first coming to Lyons he seemed so well content to return, and that Thirleby had come to succeed him "that his flesh in his face began all to tremble, and yet would the Bishop make men believe that he would gladly come home. Which thing, believe it who will, I will never believe; for ever he was looking for letters out of England from Master Wallop and Master Brian, whom he taketh for his great friends. And Master Wyat himself reckoned that the Bishop should have come into Spain, or else my lord of Durham; so that the bishop of Winchester ever coveted to protract the time, desiring yet withal to have some shadow to excuse and hide himself; as, tarrying at Barella he made excuse by my not coming to Lyons; and coming to Varennes, (fn. n24) and there hearing by the ambassadors of the Venetians a flying tale of the going of the French king towards Bayonne to meet the Emperor, by and by he said, "Lo, where is Master Diligence now? If he were now here (as then I was that night), we would to the Court and present him, and take our leave." But when I in the morning was up afore him, and ready to horse, he was nothing hasty. No; coming to Moulines afore him, and there tarrying for him, the French king lying at Schavenna, (fn. n25) three small leagues off, he made not half the speed and haste that he pretended."
	Dislikes also in Winchester (1) that ho cannot be content to have anyone joined in commission with him and to keep house, but to be at his table; (2) his pomp and glory in having a great number of servants; (3) that he gratifies private hatred to the prejudice of the King's affairs; (4) that here, in this Court of France, he made incomparably more of the Emperor's, king of Portugal's, Venetians', and duke of Ferrara's ambassadors than of any Frenchmen in the Court; which has caused the French to think he favoured not their master but was Imperial; (5) his familiarity with M., as very a papist as any I know. The bp. in his hitters to Wyat ever sends special commendations to Mason, and yet refuses to send any to Heynes and Bonner, being with Master Wyat. "And Mason maketh such foundation of the Bishop that he thinketh there is none such; and he told me at Villa Franca that the Bishop, upon a time when he had fallen out with Germain, so trusted him, that weeping and sobbing he came unto him, desiring and praying him that, he would speak with Germain and reconcile him, so that no words, were spoken of it; and what the matter was he would not tell me: —that young fellow Germain knoweth all." Preston, the bp's. servant, told Bonner at Blois the night before the bp. departed hence that Germain is ever busy showing the King's letters to strangers.