Henry VIII: August 1544, 16-20 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 19 Part 2, August-December 1544. Originally published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1905.

'Henry VIII: August 1544, 16-20', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 19 Part 2, August-December 1544, (London, 1905) pp. 36-54. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol19/no2/pp36-54 [accessed 26 April 2024]

August 1544, 16-20



16 Aug.	92. Henry VIII. to Norfolk and Russell.
R.O.	Sending, "at this present," Sir Ric. Riche, high treasurer of the Wars, with 20,000l. for the army there, has commissioned him to learn how the treasure hitherto sent has been employed, and to take the names, retinues and entertainment allowed to each captain, and be certified of all charges, ordinary and extraordinary. The money which they have received out of Flanders in divers coins is to be issued at no lower rate than it was received, but, if possible, at "better prices." Given under our signet at our camp before Bulloyn, 16 Aug. 36 Hen. VIII.
	Draft, p. 1. Endd.: Minute of the King's Ma. l're to my lord of Norff. and my lord Pryvey Seale.
16 Aug.	93. Paget to Russell.
R. O.	Whereas lately your lordship wrote to me on behalf of Lodovico de Larmi for a passport for four horses from England to the camp before Monstreul, the said Lodovico has since repaired hither before Boulloyn, and, for these two or three days, has incurred great suspicion by every day viewing the trenches and the camp, contemning the King's doings and setting forth the enemies's proceedings, "and letteth not both to make of our loss beside Saint Omer's more than indeed it was, and, to the recompense also of an overthrow that our men hath given of late to them of Arde, he braggeth upon the taking of Sir Thomas Poyninges ensign, so as it seemeth he cannot hide his affection he beareth unto France, or at the least that he cannot like his Grace's good successes." He is a subject ofthe Bishop of Rome, born in Bononye, nephew to Cardinal Campegio ("who you know how well he minded his Grace's affairs"), and has been much brought up in France, where he had "a condition of living" which perhaps he still enjoys. The King therefore requires you to send me word at whose recommendation he came to your acquaintance, and what you think of him.
	Draft in Mason's hand, pp. 2. Endd.: Mynute. Mr. Secr. Mr. Paget to my Lord Pryvey Seale touching Lodivico de Larmi, xvj° Aug^ti1544.
16 Aug.	94. Mary of Hungary to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Stephen van Hassenpergk, a gentleman of Moravia, to whom Henry, with his accustomed liberality, has given something in his realm, fears to be hindered in the enjoyment and receipt of it, and asks her to write in his favour; which (both for his virtues and because he is her subject as dowager of the kingdom of Bohemia) she cannot refuse, and therefore begs Henry to give orders to his officers and subjects therein. Antwerp, 16 Aug. 1544.
	Signed: Marie. Countersigned: Despleghem.
	French. Broadsheet, p. 1. Add. Endd.
16 Aug.	95. Carne to Paget.
R. O.	Late on the 12th inst. received Paget's of the 4th. concerning the deliverance of an Italian gentleman called the Count Bernardo de Sancto Bonifacio, prisoner in the castle of Ripelmond here. Obtained audience for next morning, when he showed the Queen of this command and reminded her of the King's writing heretofore in that behalf and her promise, and also her promise to Paget when here (not omitting to say that the Count came to offer service to the King and that she herself granted that nothing was proved against him), and begged that he might be set at liberty. She replied that a traitor, in prison for conveying intelligence to the French, confessed that one of the Count's accomplices was privy with him; she had sent to re-examine the traitor, and if nothing was found against the Count she would deliver him, upon his bond not to seek revenge upon the causers of his taking nor to act against the Emperor. She added that, but for his threatening words, he had been delivered long ago. Said he marvelled that the Count, who was reputed a modest man, should use threating words in prison, and, as she insisted on the bond, asked that he might see a copy of the bond and hear if anything was confessed or not by the traitor. She answered that he should have the copy of the bond from the President and should know within two days what was confessed. Thinks they have no great hope of anything being confessed, but will do their utmost to get it.
	Thanks for moving the King for licence to Carne's bedfellow to come over; and begs him to send the licence with one of his packets to the lord Chancellor, to whom she will resort for it at her coming. Occurrents be none but that the Emperor lies yet at the siege of Sayncte Degier. Among the merchants it is said that the Bp. of Rome finds 15,000 Italians for the French king, who comes down towards these frontiers. Andwarpe, 13 Aug. 1544.
	P.S.—This morning, with oft calling, got the copy of the bond, viz., to confess before a secretary that he was justly apprehended, being in the French king's service against the Emperor, and to promise not to serve hereafter against the Emperor. When the Count's friends have seen this, Carne will "earnestly follow his deliverance." Hears among the merchants "that the king of Denmark should lend his navy of ships to the Scots," but cannot learn the certainty of it. Sent one Maydson to Paget with letters to the King from Mr. Wotton on the 5th inst. Trusts that he came with diligence. Andwarp, 16 Aug. 1544.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd.
16 Aug.	96. Giovanne Salerno to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Some time ago (uno passato fa) he left the service of France to enter Henry's service, and for that purpose staid two months in England; but, as there was no war, Henry had no need for him and dismissed him homewards with a passport into Flanders. Not having the Queen's passport, he was arrested, and five horses taken from him, and has been here ever since, first in close prison and then at liberty on parole. Being a man of war he is sorry thus to lose his time, and applies to Henry for service. Vilvordo, 16 Aug. 1544.
	Italian. Hol., p. 1. Add. Sealed. Endd.: Silerno th' Italien.
16 Aug.	97. Vaughan to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Has spoken with the Italian whom he lately signified to be under arrest at Villefort, whose name is Messire John de Salerno. Found him not in strait ward, but committed by the Lady Regent to the keeping of the provost of Villefort. Told him that, having occasion to repair on Henry's affairs to Bruxelles, and hearing with surprise that he was there a prisoner, the writer came to offer to do him any pleasure, as one who "had known him sometimes in Englonde and had known him there gently to offer his service to your Majesty." Describes how he then learnt, in conversation, that the Italian, having been a man of war for 24 years, and considering, a year and a half ago, that Christendom "was likely to break into great and horrible wars," came, first, into England and offered his services; but was declined, as there was no occasion for war, and dismissed with 100 cr. reward and a passport and licence to depart. He then came through these Base Countries, intending to go to Italy, but was arrested at Villefort and there detained with his base son for 14 months. Nothing is laid to his charge, and his charges are defrayed by the Lady Regent and he told to have patience until the wars are ended; for they fear that he would go into France to serve the French king. Describes him as a very martial fellow, and anxious to serve Henry but not the Emperor. Talked with him of the fortification of Bulleyn and Muntrell. He told of his offer to Henry for the winning of Turwyn at almost no cost. He could not tell how Bulleyn was now fortified, but when he was last there it was very strong and only 'saultable between the Calais gate and a bulwark on the right of that gate as one goes towards Calais. Told him that Henry had begun to make battery there; which he said was well done, but yet it would be hard to get the town and its getting a greater honor than to win three others. Victuallers, he said, would be in danger of Turwyn, Arde and other towns unless hacquebuttiers on horseback were provided, as he knew by experience that these could far better serve than "Almayn ruters, which with their great and heavy horses are scantly good but in a set battle." Such hacquebuttiers would do special service against Frenchmen "whose fight and policy in wars (he said) was right well known unto him." When last at Mountrell, being brought by Mons. de Vandome to view the strength thereof, he pointed out that the great bulwark beside Abvile gate, which looked wonderfully strong, was really the weakest part of the town; but he knows not if it has been mended since. Thinks (reasons given) that he could serve Henry well, and that, upon Henry's request to the Lady Regent, who would fain be rid of him, he would gladly do so and bring his son with him. Since Vaughan departed from him he has sent a letter (enclosed) for Henry. Andwerp, 16 Aug.
	Hol., pp. 6. Add. Endd.: 1544.
16 Aug.	98. Vaughan to Paget.
R. O.	With this packet sends a letter to the King written by himself concerning the Italian detained by the Lady Regent at Villefort, another written by Dymok, Locke and himself concerning the matter with the merchants, and a letter of the Italian's to the King. Wishes that the King had him and describes (as in No. 97) how and why the Regent detains him. Has lately received a letter from the King's Council to pay John Dymocke 260l., without stating whether pounds sterling or Flemish. As this is no sufficient warrant, begs to have a letter from the Council commanding him to pay Dymocke 300l. Fl.—or rather, as Dymocke says that that is too little, 340l. Fl. Andwerp, 16 Aug. 1544.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.
17 Aug.	99. Shrewsbury and Others to the Queen and Council.
Add. MS. 32,655 f.154. B. M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 307.	Enclose certain letters from the Borders. Thanks for news of the King's and Emperor's proceedings in France; which are communicated by Wharton to Glinkarn. Perceive, by the Council's letters, that Fernyherst and his son are to be sent up. Are advertised by the warden of the Middle Marches that Fernyhurst, who is in his custody at Warkwourth, cannot travel without extreme danger. The son is in Sir Hen. Savell's custody at Pomfret castle. The enclosed letters from Mr. Shelley estimate the repair of Berwick castle and bridge at more than they expected; but they will proceed therein. Have received the chancellor of Augmentations' commission for 10 fodder of lead. Remind her that they lately advertised the lack of munition here to be in corn-powder, matches, bowstrings and spears, which cannot be supplied in these parts. On Thursday next Shrewsbury has appointed to meet all the wardens at Morpeth (plague reigning so sore in Newcastle) and will devise to keep the Scots waking, according to her pleasure, and will there learn further what munition is lacking. Meanwhile has furnished the wardens with bows and arrows out of the King's storehouse at Berwick. Darneton, 17 Aug. 1544. Signed by Shrewsbury, Durham and Sadler.
	Pp. 3. Add. Endd.
17 Aug.	100. The Queen of Hungary to De Courrieres and Chapuys.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 183.]	The Sieur de Torcquoyn, arrived here in post, goes from the Emperor to visit the King of England and notify the appointment granted to those of St. Dezier about the surrender of that town, as will be seen by the letters which Torcquoyn will deliver them and by his report. Requires them to assist him. And, because the enemy are scarcely pressed by the said King's men, and it is notorious that all their forces which were in Picardy have withdrawn towards Champaigne, she does not know if it would be bad to tell the King, in passing, that the enemy's removal from his armies very likely proceeds from their considering that the Emperor is far into the realm and the said King at its extreme frontiers, so that he can scarcely harm them; and that, therefore, to press them, it would be a good work, in pursuance of the capitulation made with the Viceroy of Sicily, to march his men further into the country, having opportunity by the removal of the enemy of making a breach into the realm, even though he should only advance a part of his army. Refers this, however, to their discretion.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original minute at Vienna, p. 1. Original headed: Au S^r de Courrieres et Chapuys, d' Anvers, le xvii^me d' Aoust 1544.
17 Aug.	101. Carne to Paget.
R. O.	Has received a packet of letters for the King from Mr. Wotton and sends it, by the post despatched by the merchants towards London, to Mr. Treasurer of Calaise to forward. Where the Queen and Council here would have the countie.Barnardo de Sancto Bonifacio confess "that he was justly and in good war apprehended," as Carne wrote on the 16th, the count says he will not confess what is untrue unless Carne will have him do so. Will labour to have out that clause. Here are no occurrents worth writing. By Wotton's letters the King will learn the Emperor's appointment for Sanct Degier, which seems to be that the Frenchmen shall depart with baggage and ensigns and two pieces of artillery, leaving the rest to the Emperor, unless meanwhile succoured by the French army. The Queen this day removes towards Bridall. Andewerp, 17 Aug. Signed.
	P.1. Add. Endd.: 1544.
18 Aug.	102. Almain Rivets.
Harl. MS. 442. f. 204. B. M.	Proclamation by Katharine, Queen and Regent, limiting the price of Almain rivetts to 9s. 6d. Hampton Court, 18 Aug. 36 Hen. VIII. Modern copy, pp. 2.
Soc. Ant. Procl., ii. 138.	2. Another modern copy.
	P. 1.
18 Aug.	103. R. de Framezelles to Mons. de St. Martin.
R. O.	The King, having received a letter from you of the 8th inst. In which you speak of hostages, has sent me back to learn from you why the King of England should demand hostages when there is no treaty between them, and such a thing is not usually done except for the observation of an agreement. In that event I think the King would deliver such sureties as might be asked of a prince who wishes to keep his promise; but, the King of England holding two of his places besieged, he cannot understand why the hostages are asked, and has sent me hither to know this and to learn how they would begin to treat, for he would be always ready to listen to reason. "Et pour nous entre entendre myeulx, sy vous voyes que puissies venyr ichy, ou bien que je puisse aller vers vous, advertissement (sic), adfin qu' ayant comunicque ensamble je puisse rendre myllieure raison au Roy mon maistre du contenu en votre lestre et come elle s'entend; et ladessus scavoyr son intencion, je vous envoye ung double adfin que puissies cognoistre la chose pourquoy je suis venu." At the camp before Mustroeul, 18 Aug. 1544.
	French. Hol., pp. 2. Add.
	104. John Rogers's Account.
Add. MS. 5,753, f. 116b. B. M.	John Rogers received of Sir Ric. Soothewell, 21 July 36 Henry VIII, 40l.; and, 10 Aug., 50l.
	Laid out for carriage of the King's privy ordnance and weapons from Westm. palace to St. Katheryn's Pool to be shipped, viz.:—2 wheelers taking off the "lymmers and wheles" and marking them, two days, 2s. 8d.; 14 labourers shipping the "shrympes" into the lighters, 4 days at 5d., 23s. 4d.; 8 labourers at 5d. 1 day, 3s. 4d.; 8 labourers " watching 2 nights to bring 3 lighters from beneath London Bridge to Westminster," at 5d., 6s. 8d.; reward to the labourers "for working out the tide at sundry times," 12s.; 3 wherries to tow down the three lighters through London Bridge, 18d,; 3 wherries "on the second day," 18d.; a lighterman carrying 100 "baces" of iron from Tower Wharf to St. Katheryn's Pool, to the ship, 3s 4d.; a wherryman and his fellow waiting upon John Rogers about the ships, one afternoon, 10d.; 5 pieces of line to bind down "the swordes of the engynnes," 20d.; reward to mariners of the Pellycan for helping to lade ordnance, 16d.; 4 pieces of line "to bind the King's privy weapons," 16d.; 8 labourers unlading 2 lighters into the Pellycan, 3s. 4d.; passage by water of John Rogers and his servants between Westm. and the Tower divers times, 2s. 4d.; John Redman, of London, stationer, for carriage of a "mylne" from the park at Westm. to Tower Wharf, 12d.; a half barrel to stow nails in, 5d; John Askewe of London, ironmonger, for nails of sundry sorts, 22s.; Hen. Reade for passage between the Tower and Westm., sundry times with the King's privy weapons, 6s. 3d.; mariners of a hoy called the Grenewoode for helping to stow their freight, 3s. 4d.; Thos. Gore for passage by water overseeing the stowing, &c., 8s. 2d.; 12 porters bearing "bare hydes" from Grene the coffer maker to Tower Wharf, 12d.; rewards to Greneburie and 4 other lightermen, 3s. 4d.; 2 lightermen for carrying the King's banner staves and other stuff from Westm. to the Tower and going from ship to ship there, one half day, 20d.; 2 wherries going from the Tower to Westm., 12d; John Greneburye of London, draper, for carrying 15 "catcheladinges of pryvate ordenaunce and other stuff" from Westm. to Tower Wharf, 40s.
	Laid out for carriage of the King's privy weapons and engines from the wharf at Calais to the King's manor there, viz., a number of payments to persons named for carrying loads, for ropes, locks, watchmen who watched two laden wagons which "stood in the street all a night," rewards to Thos. Gassett, one of the King's archers, for conducting wagons from Calais to Bulleyn, to Mr. Speke's wagonner "for bringing away part of the stuff out of one of the King's wagons whereof the axletree was broken," to Mr. Carden's wheelers for mending a wagon, to two Northern horsemen "for conducting John Rogers from the camp to the castle that Mr. Poyninges did win," to the wagonners for grease, to Mr. Chowte's carter for removing the wagons to be set about the King, and to a labourer for bringing 8 "pannelles" for the King's wagons from Calais to Newnam Bridge.
	"Gunners appertaining to the brass pieces lying about the King's tent" paid for one month 22 July to 18 Aug. 36 Hen. VIII., giving the names and wages of Richard Jackson, master gunner, and 14 others bracketed in four groups. "Gunners appertaining to the shrympes with two bases to every of them," viz., John Kynge, clerk, and 54 others. Also 4 carpenters, 4 wheelers, 3 cleaners, 11 of the King's archers waiting upon the wagons, two men appointed to oversee the carters "because they speak their language," and 4 men for the mylne, all named and their wages given. Also John Rogers at 10s. the day; Thos. Gore (at 12d.) and John More (at 8d), conductors of ordnance; and 4 servants at 6d.
	Total payments, 124l. 16s. 8d.; leaving due 34l. 16s. 8d. Signed: "Receyvyd by me John Rogers."
	PP. 11.
18 Aug.	105. De Courrieres and Chapuys to Charles V.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 187.]	Being advertised, by letters from Mons. de Reulx, how the power of France in this quarter had gone away, with the men of war whom the Dauphin had beside Amiens, to encounter the Emperor, and that the French bruited that they stood well with the English, even to affirming that there was some treaty, the writers thought fit to advertise the King's Council, and represent the danger in which the Emperor placed himself, in order to fulfil his obligation by the treaties and capitulations, upon trust that the King would do the reciprocal, taking the road which was agreed upon when the Viceroy of Sicily was here; and that, considering the force of the French was going away from here and there was no fear of their harming the King's camps, even if he had many fewer men than he had, it seemed to them (De Courrieres and Chapuys), since things here were prolonged, that it would ease the camps, especially in the matter of victuals, to send some good number of horse and foot upon some enterprise to hinder, or at least delay, the Dauphin's journey, or at all events make him diminish his band; and, finding the places unprovided, they might give the enemy some trouble (facherie) by an attempt on Saincte Ricquerque and other places thereabouts, and that it would be good to join Landenberghe's horsemen and a number of their own with Mons. de Beuren for that enterprise. As for the French bruit of intelligence with the English they (the writers) held it for gospel that the King would rather die than do it without advertising the Emperor. It was, however, good to use the opportunity of such a rumor, which will increase greatly by the coming of Mons. de Ryou to the camp before Monstreul, on the 12th, by Norfolk's safeconduct. The Council answered as to the first that they would report fully to the King and afterwards make answer; as to the King's constant good will to the Emperor it was as they (the writers) had said, and as to the coming of De Ryou it was not yet certain, and if it were true the King would be very dissatisfied.
	The second day after that, we sent for the answer; and received word that we would be called after dinner, the messenger being only told that the King was a prince of virtue and would forget nothing that could touch his honor. (fn. n1) This may be interpreted either as concerning the treaty about the enterprise or as concerning the bruit of intelligence; and there has since been no question of calling us. True it is that after the return of him who was sent to the camp of Monstreul to learn about the coming of De Ryou, Suffolk and Secretary Paget declared to us the King's great resentment thereat, especially against Norfolk, praying us, when we spoke to the King, not to exasperate affairs but rather soften them and have compassion upon Norfolk's old age, who, being busy with other things, had not had due regard herein. They prayed us at first not to write to your Majesty, but afterwards thought it best to advertise you, and they moreover communicated to us the letters which the King writes to Norfolk, pointing out divers errors committed in this case, the first of which was the giving safeconduct without the King's knowledge and commission, the second the having secret communication with De Ryou without calling the Privy Seal or Treasurer (a thing which those of the Council are not accustomed to do even in matters of no such importance and suspicion), the third that it ought not to have escaped him to tell De Ryou that it would be good to attend first to the appointment with the King and afterwards consider that with the Emperor, the fourth his soliciting the other to make haste to treat before Sainct Desir or this town were taken, for then the conditions would be much worse than now.
	The King thought to finish (exploicter) this enterprise sooner and has not ceased making great effort and battery for more than ten or twelve days, which still continues, not so much in the hope of doing anything on this side (for although a width of sixty paces is beaten down, the town is unassailable from this side) as to keep those within from perceiving the mines and preparation for another battery which will be much better placed (plus propice). To assail more easily and surely, the King has decided to prepare a third battery; and, besides the great quantity of artillery and mortars that are here, 21 more cannons are arrived, and he expects a great number of pioneers, besides 5,000 or 6,000 men of war out of England, being quite resolved to carry this town even if he has to winter before it. Some old soldiers give us great hope that when this battery is made he will strike at the foot of the wall, being within 30 paces of it [and] then those within will not await the assault. Please God that it may be so, and soon, that this army might march forward. It is thought, that had the Duke of Alberquerque's advice been taken the enterprise would have been almost finished, as the King half confessed to him three days ago; and, these three days, the King has communicated at length with the Duke and sends men who have charge of this army to take his advice. He is marvellously sorry for the delay, thinking that it may harm the Emperor's affairs, for whose service alone he daily takes great trouble and risk, and would still more willingly do so, if he perceived that the Emperor appreciated it.
	Landenberghe's horsemen have now arrived within one league from here, and although we made suit that they ought to take the road by Sainct Omer, to the end that Mons. de Reulx, with them and the men he has, might make some enterprise upon the enemies, especially to reap and carry off the wheat, yet, it was out of the question (il nya hcu ordre), we being answered that the said horsemen marvellously desired to see the King, and he them; who was determined to have them for his bodyguard, even though it would be but too requisite that they should be at the camp before Monstreul, where there are few men to besiege the town from all sides, as the King would desire, and where their horses would be fed more easily than here.
	The King's affairs in Scotland prosper; for, besides that some lords there have declared for him, his men of the frontiers have lately done great damage in Scotland, burning places and inflicting defeats, in one of which were taken the two principal wardens (fn. n2) of the Scottish frontiers, who were his greatest enemies there; and the English have since run upon' divers other Scots and taken several prisoners. The Queen Dowager of Scotland and the Governor are at discord and the Cardinal meddles with nothing. Lately the King's men captured letters from the said Queen to the King of France (and from the Governor and also the French ambassador in Scotland) by which the Queen makes great complaint of the Governor and he of her, and the ambassador writes unfavourably of both. From the camp before Boulogne, 18 Aug. 1544.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original in cipher at Vienna, pp. 6.
18 Aug.	106. Charles V. to De Courrieres and Chapuys.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 184.]	Three days ago received the letters of De Courrieres of the 3rd inst. reporting what the King of England and his people had said, and what De Courrieres had discovered, of the charge of the Sieur de Fremezelle; of which also the English ambassador here has spoken conformably, showing the copy of the King of France's letters by Fremezelle, the articles proposed and the answer made. The Ambassador required the Emperor to inform his master of his intention upon the peace, and the conditions he would propose and finally accept, and was answered that the Emperor thanked his said master for his honorable dealing in this and other things concerning the perfect amity between them, and that his answer to the King of France accorded with his magnanimity and virtue and was greatly to be praised (as in truth it is well put). Encloses copies of it and of the other letters and articles. Told the Ambassador further that he would willingly correspond with Henry in pursuance of his said answer, and send the conditions; and that he wished also to advertise the said Ambassador that the King of France had again required him to listen to peace, since the last return of the Sieur de Bertheville, about eight days ago, and especially since hearing of the treaty for the surrender of St. Desir. And for this was come hither the Emperor's nephew, the Duke of Lorayne, to obtain consent and safeconduct for the coming of the Cardinal of Lorayne his uncle; also there was come the monk of whom by last letters the Emperor advertised them (as also he did the said Ambassador) to require instantly that, notwithstanding his refusal to treat the marriage of the Princess his daughter with Orleans, and to put forward other means of peace, he would grant assurance for Admiral Hannebault (who was near, about Chalons, and whom the King of France had purposely caused to approach), were it for himself alone or one other personage with him, who would bring four overtures for the Emperor to choose from, or out of which to make up what would satisfy him; and that the Emperor excused himself to his nephew of Lorayne because he had not heard from the King of France of the sending of the Cardinal, who was too high a personage to come unannounced; and, as to the Admiral, since he should come with the above charge, to conform with the King of England, the Emperor was deciding to grant that he may come alone or with such another as the King of France should choose, with 20 horses, and to despatch safeconduct for this for ten days only; and that if the Admiral comes, the Emperor will advertise the King plainly of all that is learnt from him, sincerely and entirely corresponding to the honour of the King of England.
	They are, to the King of England, to say as above; and how they think that he ought to take for the best the coming of the Admiral, after so many refusals and excuses upon the coming of the Cardinal of Lorayne and also of the Sieur de Longueval; and that the Emperor consented in order to conform with what the King of England has done and not seem to repulse peace. They will see the articles which the Emperor has prepared to satisfy the King's desire to know what he expects for the said peace. Although, perhaps, to him they will seem great, they are reasonably grounded, and the Emperor writes to the Queen of Hungary to advise De Courrieres and Chapuys thereupon; in pursuance of which advice, whether she adds to or diminishes the articles, they shall present them to the King, with such justification of them as shall seem fit. If he persists to know at what the Emperor would finally stand, they may ask him to consider the Emperor's obligations (to the Empire and because of his Imperial dignity) and the great hurt which Christendom has received (and the Emperor and his countries) by the inexcusable wrongdoing of the King of France, and to advise the Emperor wherein he might moderate the said articles. Being so justified, and not knowing to what the King of France would condescend, has not hitherto omitted to put forward his wrongs; and, in truth, could not conveniently restrict the said articles without first knowing some overture from the French side. It would have been more reasonable that the King should have advertised him of his own intention, upon the King of France's offer to him; and he (the Emperor) doubts that the King seeks to know his final intention in order to embrace the whole treaty. In speaking of the moderation of the articles, they may say that they think the Emperor will be tractable according as he perceives the goodwill of the King of France, and provided that good assurances can be had for what is treated, having regard therein not only to the King of England and the Emperor but to all Christendom, that it may not be in the King of France's power to break treaty and renew war (as he has heretofore done against all his treaties and promises) for which the King of England and Emperor would be blamed, as having both often proved that there is no reliance to be placed in the French king's promises; and the Emperor would be most blamed because he has oftenest proved it to his loss. It would be well to take occasion to say, as of themselves, that, to advance the peace, in case the King of France will condescend to suitable means and sureties, the King of England might boult out the will of the French king upon that which concerns him, and the Emperor do the like on his side, on condition that neither conclude anything without mutual agreement, continually participating in what is done and protesting to the King of France the wish to conclude nothing privately and without the satisfaction of both, In this way the conclusion of the peace would be soonest reached, as each knows his own affairs best; and, in treating, it is always to be remembered that the King of France will try his utmost to dissever them, or at least put them in suspicion, well knowing that their union is the sole means of bringing him to reason and making him observe what he treats.
	As this affair is so important, and Chapuys knows how and with what dexterity it is necessary to negociate with the King (and also knows the treaties, of which he passed the principal), the Emperor prays him, if it be anyway possible, to go to the King, even if he has to be carried in a litter, so that they may negociate together; holding it a maxim to persuade the King that the Emperor does his utmost to please him, and that the said articles are reasonable, and that the Emperor has permitted the coming of the Admiral, or other whom the King of France shall send, in order to conform with his giving audience to the Sieur de Fremeselle, and to learn if any reliance is to be placed upon that which the King of France professes; and certifying him that, whatever may be proposed, the Emperor will accord nothing without first advertising him, and trusts that he will do the like. They must have continual regard to this, and that, if possible, the practice may proceed by each scenting out that which touches him; and without admitting in any way that the King of England may alone embrace the negociation of the said peace and wish to arbitrate that which concerns the Emperor; for that would be neither reasonable nor honorable in view of their respective dignities (qualitez) and the Emperor might be blamed and disparaged for remitting to the King what concerns all Christendom and the Holy Empire, because of his obligation and oath thereto. Besides the Emperor's claims are greater and juster (plus grandes et qualiffiees) than the King's and he has oftener treated of them and has more experience of the ways (façons) of the King of France, and has also the greatest and most costly forces (besides assisting the King at his own expense with so many horse and foot), all which causes the King ought to consider. Leaves it to their discretion to represent them, or part of them, to the King or to one of his people, or get the duke of Alburquerque to mention it as of himself; and, in pursuance of what De Courrieres has written, sends a letter for the said Duke, who (the Emperor trusts) will do all he can,—and also the Sieur de Buren, on his side, to whom, if it seem good, they shall tell what to say, and the Emperor sends them a letter to him in their credence.
	They must answer as soon as possible as to what they have done and their advice, and of all occurrents; and continually correspond with the Emperor's sister.
	In the articles, does not mention restitution of Hesdin and St. Pol and other particulars, because, especially, he makes no mention therein of St. Desir, Ligny and Comercy, which he has occupied; forasmuch as the King of France is obliged to the restitution of what is contained in the articles as unjustly taken, considering the recommencement of the war by him, which is not the case with the said three pieces. When it comes to pressing for them, demand will be made for that which was detained before the truce and other pieces which will suit the Emperor in exchange for the aforesaid, according to the memoire of it which his sister is to send him. If therefore St. Desir, Ligny and Comercy are spoken of, they shall merely point out that the taking and detention of these places is quite different from the others of which he asks restitution, and this to the end aforesaid, giving out that they are very important, especially St. Desir, in the heart of the realm of France.
	They shall advertise the King that today the Count of Sancerre departed from St. Desire and handed it to the Emperor. The town is stronger than was thought and there were still in it over 2,200 men. It was well to get it by composition and save loss of men and damage to the town by battery, which would have been troublesome to repair. Is about resolving how and by what way to advance, and will advertise the King of his intention as soon as possible. Rejoiced to hear of the good hope of taking Boulogne, and also Montreul. If the King could march his army, or part of it, further into France, it would be the true means of bringing the king of France to reason; and they are to speak for this if they see that it might profit. From the camp at St. Desir, 18 Aug. 1544.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original minute at Vienna, pp. 7.
R. O. St. P., x. 53.	2. Whereas the King of England is content, for the sake of Christendom, at the instance of the King of France, made by the Sieur de Fremeselle and other ministers, to treat for peace, provided that the Emperor does the like, and has agreed to learn the Emperor's intention therein, to be notified to the King of France, the Emperor consents as follows:—
	That he, like the King of England, will treat for peace:—In the first place regard must be had to the damage caused by the last recommencement of war by the King of France, particularly to the Holy Empire, the King of the Romans, the realms of Hungary and Bohemia, Italy, the realm of Naples, the duke of Savoy, the republic of Sienna and the realms of the crown of Spain; also the Emperor must claim reparation for the damage done by the united armadas of France and the Turk to the town and castle of Nyce, the republic of Sienna and realm of Naples. The King of France is bound to restore what he detains from the Emperor, with interest since the recommencement of war, and all expenses incurred by the Emperor in the war; including in this Estenay. Also he is bound to restore all that he detains from the duke of Savoy. If the King of France repeats his demand of Milan it is proof that he does not mean peace but rather to continue war, for he and his have no right to it; but he should restore Burgundy and Auxonne, which pertain to the Emperor's patrimony, and all that he detains from the duke of Savoy, both on this side and beyond the Mountains. He must also re-confirm the treaties of Madrid and Cambray.
	Does not touch upon the rights and pretentions of the King of England, as he trusts that King will declare them.
	If these demands seem great, the causes for them are greater. No mention is here made of allies and confederates, but the Emperor means the Empire of Germany, and also Italy, to be included. Signed: J. de Montmorency: Eustace Chapuys. (fn. n3)
	French, pp. 5. Endd.: The demandes of th'Emperor.
R. O.	3. Another copy of §2 headed "Copie de la copie de la resolution de l'empereur sur la paix a faire avec la France par l'intervention du roy d'Angleterre."
	Fr. Modern transcript from Vienna, pp. 5.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 185.]	4. Another copy of §2 without the two last sentences (represented by the last paragraph above) and the signatures.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original minute at Vienna, pp. 3. Original headed: "Articles de paix proposees par l'Empereur."
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 186.]	5. The two last sentences of §2 as a separate paper.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original minute at Vienna, p. 1. Headed as an addition to the Emperor's letters of 18 Aug.
	107. Charles V. to De Courrieres and Chapuys.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 182.]	Our nephew the Duke of Lorayne, towards whom we had despatched the Sieur de Montbardon, to excuse the coming of the Cardinal of Lorayne, sent word by him that he would depart to the King of France for private affairs of much importance. Having heard this, we at once sent back Montbardon and wrote very expressly to the Duke, and charged Montbardon to get him to omit or defer his departure for some days, in order that it might not be presumed that this going is either by the Emperor's charge or upon the occasion of his last coming here to pursue that of the Cardinal his uncle and the practice of peace. Wishes them to know this in order that, if the Duke does go to France, they may certify that it is without the Emperor's charge and to his regret, as Montbardon is to declare to the Duke and to Madame the Emperor's niece, his wife.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original minute at Vienna, p. 1.
18 Aug.	108. Vaughan and Others to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Have bargained with Jasper Dowche for the rest of Ant. Bonvice's credence of 100,000 cr., viz., 13,691l. 13s. 4d. Fl., 10,000 cr. of John Gyrardy's credence and 20,000 cr. Of Bart. Campanye's, in all about 22,000l. FL; and, interest deducted, expect to receive 21,000l. Fl. and odd. The bargain is for 6½ months, to be repaid in the midst of February next, with interest at 14 per cent, per annum. As the merchants here insist on bonds for repayment in valued gold and white money as signified in the writer's late letters, and when the day approaches the bankers who hold the valued money may make a scarcity and charge 1 or 2 per cent, for it, the writers have given ½ per cent., besides the said 14 per cent., to be bound only for current money. As none of the merchants gave credence for more than six months and the writers hitherto have taken money to be repaid at 9 months, viz., in the payments of the Cold Mart, about 15 Feb. next, they desire that my lord Chancellor may betimes speak with Bonvyce, Vivalde, John Gyralde and Bartilmeu Companye to prolong the payments until then.
	Have lately paid by the Council's command to Mr. Leighton 200 ducats of gold, to Wm. Damsell 4,000l. FL, and to John Dymocke for Nic. Taphoryn's haquebutiers 542l. 15s. 4d. FL and for provision of traces and collars 300l. FL Pray God to prosper him "with all good chance, luck and fortune." Andwerp, 18 Aug. 1544.
	Have also paid Lightmaker 400 cr. in prest upon the wages of his "ruters." Signed: S. Vaughan: John Dymock: Thomas Lock.
	In Vaughan's hand, pp. 3. Add. Endd.
18 Aug.	109. Wotton to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., x. 34.	On the 14th inst. received Henry's letters of the 5th, the courier laying been stayed at Pontamouson and other places by the Emperor's captains, who would not suffer him to pass without escort, because divers posts have been "destroussid by the waye." On the 15th had audience of the Emperor and showed the French king's letter. He smiled at the words "procedans de vous," saying "Why! Will he never leave his old fashion?" Describes how the Emperor finally concluded that the French king's flattering words were only meant to deceive, that Framozelles's credence was "captiously" put, and that he himself was intended to win little by it, since the French king should have Milan and evidently never meant to keep his offer to follow Henry's counsel. He praised Henry's letter. Wotton then took occasion to assure him that Henry would take no accord with the French king without first having regard to his satisfaction, and therefore required to know what he would first demand and whereupon he would finally rest. He answered that it was indeed well that they should know each other's minds therein, but before making final answer, he would consult the Viceroy and Granvelle. Wotton reminded him that Henry had promised the French king to have his answer within 15 or 20 days. He said the answer should not be deferred, and that he liked Henry's advice to slacken none of their enterprises in the meantime. He said also (as he had divers times caused Granvelle to declare) that the French king continued seeking to make overture of peace to him, and, the day before, one of the gentlemen sent from Saint Digier to advertise the French king of the composition had returned, and, in passing by him, said boldly that the French king would send an army to succour the town, and then made a sermon of the incommodities of Christendom and exhorted the Emperor to peace, wherein the French king would be reasonable and would gladly help to resist the Turks. The Emperor's reply was that he ought to make that sermon to his own master, who began this war; and, as for the Turks, the Frenchmen lately made them too good cheer to hurt them now so suddenly. The Emperor also showed Wotton that the duke of Lorayn came, on the 14th inst., to desire leave of access for the Cardinal, his uncle; but before answering he would hear what news was brought by "ung beau pere," who had come out of France for like purpose.
	Went from the Emperor to Granvelle; who said he could make no answer in the matter till he had spoken with the Emperor, and then he would send for Wotton. Was, accordingly, sent for, after supper, and found Granvelle and the Viceroy together. Granvelle said they found the French king's letter and credence craftily set forth, but Henry's answer showed magnanimity in repelling the impudent charge of "that thing that stood not with your honor," wisdom in marking that, under flattering words, the French king sought an occasion hereafter to say that Henry so feared him as to sue for his goodwill, and gentleness in that, notwithstanding all this, Henry was content to send to the Emperor for this matter: it showed Henry's zeal for Christendom that, with this opportunity of redressing the wrongs of himself and his ancestors, he thought more of the calamities of Christendom; and his faithful mind to the Emperor was evident when he had such respect to the league. Coming then to the articles of Framozelles' credence, Granvelle pointed out that the French king was unable to pay the arrears due to Henry, and that French hostages were valueless (giving an instance from his own experience when he himself wore harness, in the story of La Trimouille who deceived the poor Swytzers when they besieged Digion, (fn. n4) so that they lost all their enterprise) and, therefore, it was not likely that the damages and interests would be paid; the article of the Scots was craftily devised, for it was true that the Scots would do as the French king wished them, but he (Granvelle) trusted that Henry would so order them that their amity would not depend on the French king's pleasure but on their own duty; and, as for the article concerning the Emperor, that the French king would indeed follow Henry's counsel was a thing rather to be wished for than hoped, for, although the Emperor owed the French king no private ill will, and would therefore, for the sake of Christendom, listen to reason, experience proved that the French king's promises were ever broken, and the only, means to have them kept was for Henry and the Emperor to continue in league ready to enforce them. As to Henry's request, Granvelle said that the Emperor thought it reasonable that Henry should know his mind and he Henry's; and therefore he would send it to his ambassadors, Mons. de Courrieres and Chappuis, to declare.
	To all this Wotton made no long answer, but only commended the Emperor's decision, and said that Henry looked to have the Emperor's demands in writing, signed. The Viceroy said that the ambassadors would deliver it under their signatures, which was sufficient; and, seeing that he could not obtain it otherwise, Wotton asked that Henry might have it within the 15 or 20 days prefixed. They answered that they would despatch within two days for that purpose. They said they were informed that Framozelles pretended that the French king would nowise treat with the Emperor for peace but through Henry, whereas, as Wotton (said they) had been informed, it had been sued for by the late duke of Lorayne, the Cardinal Farneze, a man of arms of Ligny, the baillie of Dygeons and now by a friar. Asked if that was not Goesmanne; and the Viceroy said it was. "It was he, quod Granvele, that I told you of." And when Wotton said that he had been told of no friar except when at Spyres with Secretary Paget, Granvelle said he thought that he had told of the friar as of the other two; and that the friar was come again (for the French king was displeased with the man of arms for bringing ill tidings of Sainct Digier) to propose that although the Emperor would not hear of the marriage of his daughter with Orleans, yet he should suffer Admiral Annebault, or some other notable person, to come hither, who would propose four overtures of which the Emperor would surely not mislike one; and as the French king seemed inclined to peace, and would perhaps offer reasonably, the Emperor was content that some one should be sent hither, provided he brought sufficient overture for Henry's satisfaction. Wotton said he mistrusted not but that the Emperor would consider Henry as the league required. They answered that the Emperor would respect Henry's satisfaction as he would his own, and agree to nothing to which Henry did not "preallablement" consent.
	Could not perceive from the words and countenances of the Viceroy and Granvelle, who are the Emperor's chief counsellors, that there is any sinister opinion of Henry's proceedings, but rather that they are well taken. Thinks that, in a bill which he has obtained out of the Chancery here, the numbers of this camp are exaggerated; and gives the numbers of footmen reported to be under Count Guyllian, Conrade Pemmelwarc alias Cleyne Hesse, George van Reighensburgh, those brought by the Prince of Orange, besides the Spaniards old and new and Landenberghe's men; and also the numbers of horsemen brought by the Prince of Orange and those under the Master of the Horses, Mons. de Boussu, Mons. de Brederode, Duke Moryce, the Marquyse of Brandenburgh, Direch of Krichem, John Giltzen, one of the Counts of Manderschet, the master of the Dutch Order, the Signor Don Francisco de Est and the gentlemen of the Emperor's household. As for pioneers there have been 4,400, but so many are fled, because they cannot live on their wages, that only 2,500 remain. Once asked Granvelle which way the Emperor would take and he refused to tell; so has never since asked. Evidently he will remove hence in a day or two, for the air is sore corrupted with their long lying here and ill order. There are here 31 cannons and double cannons, 41 field pieces and 6 mortars. The answer given to the duke of Lorayne is that since the French king does not require to send the Cardinal hither, who is not mentioned by others who have solicited here, it is not expedient that he should come unless sent by the French king. Written at the camp by Sainct Digyer, 18 Aug. 1544. Signed.
	PP. 9. Add. Endd.
18 Aug.	110. Wotton to Paget.
R. O.	Thanks for good news; and, now that things are in such towardness, longs to hear that the King has his purpose of Boleyn. It has been already bruited here that Boleyn was taken; owing to the mistaking of a word spoken by Nicholas the courier. Trusts that, if God send the King success at Monstrell too, the enemy will not stick to offer reason. "And would God that there were as great likelihood that he would keep his promises faithfully as there is likelihood that he will offer largely enough! But what hope can there be thereof, seeing that the use of France is neither to make promise nor oath the which they intend to keep, but only till they have good occasion to break it? And therefore their own writers call them subtle and witty, for because they swear and mean it not, and promise and keep it not, and laugh and mock at us Englishmen, calling us dull, rude and gross, for because we proceed bona fide, and both mean and do as we speak, and believe that oaths bind before God and the world, and therefore seek for no dispensations of oaths at the Bishop of Rome's hands, who taketh oftener upon him (and sticketh less at it) to dispense against oaths, what interest soever another have in it, than to eat butter in Lent."
	The garrison of St. Digier have left. They were eight ensigns of footmen, and their horsemen for lack of horses had become "horsefootemenne." The French king is not content with their dedition of it. The Count of Sanxerre asked the Emperor that Frere Gosemanne might come in to see what lack they had in the town, and bear witness in their excuse. One article of the dedition was that the Emperor should suffer 200 horses to be brought to them; but no one showed any mind to send them any. This town is strong and will be a good rod for France, being a "marvellous good entry into it." The Bishop of Rome, who once determined to revoke his Nuncius, has confirmed him here again. Granvelle says that the Emperor and the Bishop "are plainly fallen out." The duke of Cameryn is not yet come. First he tarried at Metz for his household, and now tarries for money, "and whether he will come at all or not God knoweth." Pirrhus Columna came hither on the 16th, having been well entertained by the French king. He says that Petrus Strozza's 8,000 men, gathered by the help of certain cardinals, have dispersed for lack of money, and that the French king told him "he would fight no field with the Emperor," but would garrison his towns. The duke of Ferrara has sent a gentleman specially to solicit that Guasto might redeliver Bresselle, which the Spaniards lately took from the Cardinal of Ferrara; which matter the resident ambassador, Ferrufin, has already obtained. The Emperor's army being decayed by war and sickness, he has now sent for (besides Landenbergh's footmen) above 10,000 horsemen and footmen. Has been unable to deliver bearer any money.
	P.S. in his own hand:—Granvelle has told him "that if the Emperor would give ear to the overture of the marriage of his daughter and the duke of Orleans, that the French king would he glad to take her though the Emperor gave nothing with her but delivered her in her smock. The which methought was a great word, if it be true." At the camp by St. Digier, 18 Aug. 1544. Signed.
	PP. 3. Add. Endd.
19 Aug.	111. Otwell Johnson to John Johnson.
R. O.	London, 19 Aug. 1544:—Since my last writing to you, both to Northampton and Glapthorn by the carts that brought Mr. Brudenelle's fells, I have received the enclosed from Calleis, which I leave to you to answer. The letter in French I conjecture to be from Wm. Pratt's master at Lyle. Thos. Flecton's letter contains only news, but we here are daily informed of later. Our drapers that came last from Calleis relate that Bourgayte, the surveyor of Calleis, was slain before Boullen on Wednesday or Thursday last with a small piece of ordinance, John Wenlocke stricken through the thigh with another, one Thos. Hunte, an excellent workman of iron guns, dwelling at Tower Hill, also slain, one of our chief pioneers taken and carried into the town of Boullen, another slain and the third rescued. "Before Montreul my lord Warden himself (as the saying is) shot through the thigh with a gun, and daily by hot skirmish and issuing out of the town of Frenchmen shrewd bickerings are betwixt our men and them, with loss of men on both sides, and of late Sir T. Ponynges' banner forcibly or by stealth was carried into the town of Montreul by Frenchmen and there set up in despite to look on."
	Wrote the above while tarrying for his brother Richard's report of the shipping of the wools, which ends to-morrow. Describes parcels of wool received and shipped, etc.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.: at Glapthorne.
19 Aug.	112. Paget to Lord St. John.
R. O.	The King has received your Lordship's letter with the others from Mons. de Vervins [to my lord Cobham] (fn. n5) sent by the "tabourin," and wills you to keep the said tabourin very straitly and lay to his charge that he is a spy and that you mind to have him confess such things as you will demand of him. Then go about to learn of him the state of the town and what number of men came in this morning,—reminding him that, although they minded this other day to kill our tabourin, and indeed wounded him almost to death, and almost slew a herald of ours nigh Monstreul, yet no such extremity shall be used towards him if he confess the truth, and bidding him "think that we know more than they within do think we do, as well by men slain this morning that be well known and divers others taken prisoners, with their guides." Secondly, you must write to Mons. de Vervins that whereas his tabourin delivered a letter [addressed to lord Cobham, the duke of Suffolk] * for recovery of certain prisoners taken this morning, albeit you know that the tabourin is sent only for "an espie" (there being no such cause for his sending as Vervins pretends, "for we know that Saint Aubin is not within the town, La Moyne remaineth hurt of a horse at Abbeville and Hencourt, God pardon his soul! remaineth slain this day among us, and Villart and divers others prisoners in danger of death, so as you think you have good cause to stay him for an espie") and you have, besides, reason to arrest him seeing that "he" (qu. Vervins?) went about to slay our tabourin, and indeed they hurt him unto the death, and also they of Monstreul shot a piece of ordnance at one of our heralds sent to them in his coat armour, and slew his horse under him. As the King and his ministers would have been loth to begin any such order against the ancient usage of arms, so they, as the beginners, "must be content to endure the semblable." A letter to this effect addressed to Vervins is to be thrown over into the town to-morrow by some of our men in the trenches, some of whom lie so near the walls that "they of the town and they speak and talk one with another."
	Draft in Mason's hand, pp. 3. Endd.: Mynute of Mr. Secr. Mr. Pagetes l're [unto] the lord Seint John, xixth of Auguste, 1544.
20 Aug.	113. Edward, Abp. of York, to Shrewsbury.
ShrewsB. MS., P., p. 73. Heralds' College. Lodge, i. 63.	Having occasion lately to send up to Court, my servant Elice Markeham had, amongst other suits to my lord Chancellor, to learn when I should be discharged of my three pledges, Scots, an uncle to the earl of Casselles, and two of his brethren, and to declare that since being with me, a year and a half, they have not received 20l. "so that I was constrained to give them both robes and gowns and other things." My lord answered that the earl of Casselles "doth not remember his honour" and that I should pray you to write to him (Casselles) herein. Begs him to do so. Is content to keep them and their horses, but Casselles must provide them with apparel, or else, winter coming on, they will lack many things. Cawod, 20 Aug. 154[4]. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: To, &c., my lord Lieutenant's good lordship.
20 Aug.	114. Henry Suthwik to John Johnson.
	Calles, 20 Aug. 1544:—Received yours of the 9th for your specialties to be sent to Robt. Tempest. Sales to Mathelin Haddebault and Adrean van Mershe. Tne latter makes great complaint of the wool of your mark and Walter Leveson's, and has raised much brabbling.
	Bullen is not like to be assaulted these 12 days.
	Hol., p.l. Add.: London or elsewhere. Endd.: "Answered Glapthorne and entered into memoriall."
20 Aug.	115. Charles V. and Denmark.
R. O.	Henry VIII.'s ratification of the article concerning the Scots in the treaty between the Emperor Charles V. and Christiern elect king of Denmark, of 23 May 1544. Dated in the camp at Boulogne, 20 Aug. 1514, r.r. 36 Hen. VIII. [See Grants in August, No. 31.]
	Lat. Draft, pp. 3. Endd.: Mynute of the ratification of the treaty between th'Empereur and the king of Denmark.
Report xiv., Dep. Keeper, App. ii. 21.	2. The above described from the original in the Archives of Denmark.
20 Aug.	116. Suffolk to Mons. de Vervins.
R. O.	I have received your letters brought to Basse Boulloyn by your tanbourin with your request for the return of some of the band of St. Aubin, La Moyenne and Hencourt, who, you write, came to see you yesterday morning. Although it is notorious that La Moyenne is still at Abbeville hurt by a horse and that Hencourt and many others, as we are told by prisoners, fell in the skirmish, so that there is reason to think the tanbourin only sent to spy our designs, I do not insist upon that; but, considering that your men lately shot harquebuses at a trumpet of ours who was sent to you, and have since fired three shots at a tanbourin of ours likewise sent to you, I think good (not to break the law of arms, as you have done) to detain your tanbourin until you make reparation and send to us those who have dared to violate personages who by all ancient law have ever been inviolable. As to your man of arms and the archer I will speak to the bailly of Guisnes, and all that he has promised you shall be performed.
	French. Draft in Mason's hand corrected by Paget, p. 1. Endd.: Mynute from my lord of Suff. to Monsr. de Vervins, xx° Augti.
20 Aug.	117. Russell to Paget.
R. O.	Perceives by his letters of the 17th the King's pleasure concerning Ludovico de Larmi. Jeronimo brought him hither from England, declaring that he was of a good house, and that he had bought certain h[orses] in England for which he desired Russell to write for passport. Knows nothing of him but upon report of Jeronimo, whom, he supposes, the King trusts; and, had he come hither otherwise, "he nor yet any other Italian should have tarried and seen our doings here, for I know their natures and treasons." Knows not whether his bringing up has been in France or elsewhere.
	Are now come very near to the walls of this town, and "if it were besieged as it ought to be" the King should shortly have it. Jeronimo is gone into Flanders for gunners and returns by Bulloigne, where he may be examined hereupon. Camp before Mounstrell, 20 Aug. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Flyleaf with address lost. Endd.: My lord Pryvey Seale to Mr. Secr. Mr. Paget, xx° Aug^ti 1544.
20 Aug.	118. Carne to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Although there is no news of importance, takes the opportunity of the despatch of Francis the post to write that the saying here is that more soldiers, both from hence and from Allmayne, go with speed to the Emperor; also that Peter Strache has been overthrown in Italy by the marquis of Guasto and lost 4,000 men. Rumor among the merchants is that the French king, with a great army of Souissers, Italyons, and Frenchmen comes to give the Emperor battle in Champayne, and that Barbarussa lately on the sea coasts of Naples has "burned somewhat" and carried away many Christians. Andewarp, 20 Aug., 4 p.m. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.: 1544.
20 Aug.	119. Vaughan and Others to the Council with the King.
	Answer to the Council's letters received by bearer Francis on the 18th, that the bargain with the merchants here for 21,000l. Fl. and odd was signified lately in letters to the King by Wm. Damesell and (where the Council write of 10,000 or 12,000 fodder of lead, "which your honors upon advertisement out of England suppose shall be brought hither very shortly," and ask the price and the difference in weight in England and here) that the price of things depends on the supply. It is hard to say what such a lump of lead brought "togethers" would fetch, but no doubt it would bring a vile price. The lead which the King's merchants of the North and others have brought within these two months (not above 300 fodder) has been sold for 9s. and 10s. Fl. the "waghe" which is 6l. 10s. Fl. the fodder, some "for ready money, some for days, as the merchants were wise or lucky which sold it." Dare not affirm that 10,000 or 12,000 fodders would fetch even 7s. the "waghe"; but if sold at leisure and no other suffered to be sold out of the King's hands, "it would be as sweetly sold as lead was sold these many years." As long as the great bankers have more profit by lending money to princes they will not buy lead; for wise merchants "ever choose that gain that with often turning and little adventure still groweth." The fodder in England weighing 19½ cwt. or 2,184 lb. "weigheth here 13 'waghe' little more or less, less or more, as the hand of the weigher weighing weigheth"; and the "waghe" here contains 165 lb., which multiplied by 13 makes 2,145 lb., so that the fodder is less here by 39 lb.; but, as the hand of the weigher is not always certain, the difference may be guessed at 1 per cent. Remembering that the Emperor has, since a few years past, ordained that merchandise conveyed hence into France during his wars must first pay 5 per cent., besides an impost of 1 per cent, on all exports, and that money waxes daily scarcer by reason of the great sums withdrawn to serve the princes, they are sure that it will be hard to get ready money for so much. Describe how they have before this talked with Jasper Dowche about the advisability of the King's sending lead hither, whose first suggestion was to set it all in the hands of one substantial merchant, say John Carolo, but afterwards, seeing the great tax upon its transport to France, he thought it best to sell it to the merchants and let it remain in England. He has promised to send a post into France to know what lead is worth there, and, that known, to repair to the King. Suggest that if gently entertained by the King, wherein he will glory ("for that he is a little glorious and glory is his heaven" ) he may be made an instrument to serve in that and other matters here, being "tine and witty" and in merchants' matters excelling many. He rather reigns over the merchants here than lives as one of them, and is well worth 20,000l. Andwerp, 20 Aug. 1544 at 4 p.m.
	Signed: S. Vaughan: Thomas Lok: John Dymock.
	In Vaughan s hand, pp. 7. Add. Endd.