Henry VIII: May 1545, 6-10 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 20 Part 1, January-July 1545. Originally published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1905.

'Henry VIII: May 1545, 6-10', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 20 Part 1, January-July 1545, (London, 1905) pp. 343-364. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol20/no1/pp343-364 [accessed 25 April 2024]

May 1545, 6-10



6 May.	661. The King's Primer.
Wilkins, iii 875.	Injunction to schoolmasters and teachers to teach the young, "next after their A. B. C. now by us also set forth," this primer or book of ordinary prayers in English, until they understand Latin; forbidding the buying, selling or using of any other primer, either in English or Latin, than this. The preamble states that because divers persons teach the Pater Noster, Ave Maria, Crede, and Ten Commandments in Latin, and in order that persons who do not know Latin may pray intelligently and that the inconvenience arising from the innumerable sorts of primer books may be avoided, the King has set forth this primer or book of prayers in English. Westm., 6 May 37 Henry VIII.
Wilkins.	2. Preface made by the King to his Primer book.
iii. 873.	Considering the necessity of intelligent prayer, has given his subjects a form of praying in their own mother tongue; but, for those who understand Latin and think that they can more fervently pray in that tongue, he has now provided the self same form to be set forth in Latin also, as he judges it necessary to have a uniform manner of praying throughout his dominions.
	English and Latin printed in parallel columns.
	^*^ The English portion of the above printed in Cranmer's Works, p. 496.
6 May,	662. Sabyne Johnson to her Husband, John Johnson.
R. O.	Glapthorne, 6 May, 1545:—Domestic matters.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: at Andwerp. Endd. as answered 22 May.
6 May.	663. Thomas Gower to Shrewsbury.
R. O.	Has received his letter of the 4th inst., to sell the corn that will not keep, and of that which may be saved utter as little as he can. With the pains taken about it, trusts that all will keep. As to taking order with Branlyng to send the flour, has already written, and trusts to have it shortly. Is having malt and wheat ground, but lacks money to provide hops, hoops and such necessaries or pay the artificers and labourers attending on this business. Received of Mr. Shelley 376l. "with bills to Easter last which is very evil paid", and daily pays great sums, "as the captain of Iland and Robert Rooke." Has the malt in this storehouse which he bought of Thos. Tornebull of London for 120l.; and it sells very ill, because a ship of malt is come to serve the market which sells cheap. Had nothing before to make money of, and the sums sent for the works are so little that he can make no "utterwerd provishon," at London or Newcastle, for shovels, spades, mattocks and maunds or for cart harness and axletrees. Was delivered 50 carts ready to mount, but no cart harness, and but that Harry Eure, master of the Ordnance, had a few, here could have been no works. They daily decay, so that now there are not twelve more than are in daily use. The brewers and bakers, too, will soon spend much of the wood and coals here. Will shortly send a book of his expenditure. Berwik, 6 May. Signed.
	Pp.2. Add. Endd.: 1545.
6 May.	664. Drumlanrig's Credence.
Sadler State Papers, i. 190.	"Credence of the laird of Drumlanrig showed unto John Thomson, deputy customer, and servant to my lord Warden of the West Marches, at Dumfries, sent to my said lord Warden the 5th of May as followeth: Written at Carlile the 6th of May as followeth."
	On Thomson's saying that my lord Warden marvelled that Drumlanrig sent no news, he replied that there was so much inconstancy among the lords, and such continual changing of purpose, that he would not take upon him to write news which might prove untrue. Also that their late convention agreed to perform the marriage of their Queen and all other covenants with the King, and to send to the King for safeconduct for an ambassador to sue for peace and accomplish the covenants. Next day that determination was broken, at the device of the Dowager and Cardinal, who considered that the marriage and peace would put them out of credit with the French king and detract from their authority both in France and Scotland, and so persuaded the Governor, Argyle, Huntley and their adherents to sue for no peace and perform no covenants, putting both the Governor and Argyle in comfort that their sons should marry the Queen. So they were persuaded utterly to follow the French king's advice, and the lords parted; to meet again when warned of the arrival of the French king's army, which they looked for daily. The Cardinal and Dowager have devised that the French king shall send Lorgy Montgomery to aid the realm; upon whose arrival the Dowager and Queen shall be conveyed to France. On making Angus lieutenant, the Governor promised him the next benefice that should chance to fall; but at the death of the bp. of Aberdeen, when Angus sued for that benefice, the Governor denied it, as he also did the suit made by Argyle and Huntley for the same, and still keeps it in his own hands. Angus is suspected of favouring the King's affairs. The assurance between Argyle and the earl of the Isles "went forth" on May Day, and Argyle has laboured his friends, including the sheriff of Ayr and Drumlanrig, to go with him to war on the said earl. The sheriff promised, but Drumlanrig made excuse that he could not leave the Borders. The Governor, Dowager and Cardinal envy Cassils and would have put him in ward if he had not left Edinburgh betimes at this late convention. Drumlanrig promises always to be the lord Warden's man and set forth the King's affairs.
	Headed as above.
	ii. "Communication had betwixt Robert Maxwell and the said John Thomson the place and day aforesaid."
	Robert Maxwell said they looked daily for the coming of Lorgy Montgomery with 2,000 Frenchmen, and money to wage 5,000 Scots for five months, to resist the King's army if it should invade the realm: Drumlanrig told the same. Also that the French king sends a great army to invade England without aid of Scotland. He (Maxwell) "would do anything that might relieve his father"; to which Thomson said he supposed that Lennox and the lord Warden had written that if he delivered the King the castles and houses of strength in his keeping it would relieve his father; and he answered "that he had received such writing from my lord of Lennox and my lord Warden; albeit such writing came to him, having the said castles and strengths in his keeping, he would deliver the same to none but to his father"; if his father were at liberty he would deliver him the castles and be content if his father delivered them to the King.
	Walter Bell, Maxwell's servant, who came out of Edinburgh on Saturday, 2 May, said it was bruited there that the earl of the Isles would take part with Lennox; and great preparation was made for war between him and Argyle and Huntley.
	Drumlanrig and others say that the West, especially Nithsdale and Galloway, is "most poor," not able to victual themselves; and Annandale, as Thomson saw, is in great poverty.
	Headed as above.
6 May.	665. Deputy and Council of Ireland to the Council.
R. O. St. P., iii. 517.	This realm is in the good stay it has been in these three or four years. Owing to the bruit that the French king would send men to land here with young Geralde, beacons are erected on the coasts and all the people of the English Pale mustered and ready to resist any such attempt. Whereas "I, Anthony Sentleger," have advertised a report that a captain of the Wild Scots called McConell had "confedered" to meet the said Frenchmen here, the earl of Tyrone, being now at Dublin, declares that McConell has desired him to petition the King to accept him to his service. Tyrone says that McConell is mortal enemy to the earl of Argyle and all that were friends to the Scottish king that dead is (who put to death his father and many of his friends and kept him in prison for 30 years), and now since the King's death is enlarged and grown to great power. Are informed that Henry has appointed certain ships to visit the border and havens of this land, one of which, having for captain a Scot called Loigan, is arrived at Waterford, and the captain has requested victuals but cannot give security for payment. The Mayor gave him, "of benevolence", 20 nobles Irish, and although the writers know not whether they may use the King's treasure or provisions for this purpose, the Deputy has offered to furnish him with 20l. or 30l. worth on sight of his commission, and they have sent to Waterford for the said captain to repair hither. Desire instructions, for, as St. Leger has written, some ships of the King's navy would here do much good as well upon Frenchmen and Brittons as upon Scots. These 10 or 12 days past, four ships of war supposed to be Scots have lain at the island of Lambaye against the mouth of Dublin haven, so that no ship might depart into England without great danger.
	Albeit Occhonour has much strayed from obedience, he has for three or four years kept good peace and now makes suit to have his lands of the King and to be advanced to the honor of a viscount. He is always among the Irishmen in great estimation, and the writers desire that the King may grant his petition, which is only for life; so that his brother Cahir, who has always served the King when the other was an offender, may succeed him in the signory, "whereunto by their custom he is entitled."
	The late earl of Kildare's sister, McChartie Reagh's mother, who has been taken to be a procurer of dissensions here and has often sued for pardon [is come hither] (fn. n1) upon safeconduct (which the writers granted in order to allure her from practises in the south, where is great bruit of the Frenchmen's arrival). Beg that the King may be moved to grant her pardon.
	Desire favour for bearer, John Goldsmyth, clerk of the King's Council here, for augmentation of his fee, which is but 6l. 13s. 4d. If he were not married and minded to stay here it would be hard to get his like for that office. Kylmaynan, 6 May, 37 Hen. VIII. signed by St. Leger, Alen, Ormond, Dublin, Brabazon, Aylmer, Lutrell, Bathe, Cusake, Travers, Basnet, "Thomas Lokwod, deane," and Sir Osborne Echingham.
	Pp. 3. Add. Endd.
6 May.	666. William Damesell to Paget.
R. O.	In sundry letters desired him to move the King concerning money owing here for powder and other munition, but has just received his letter making no mention of it. The sum is 2,000l. and the day of payment long expired, so that the writer's credit is much abased. Unless this be soon remedied the writer will be undone and the credit given to others in the King's affairs hereafter diminished. Desires instructions, as he can no longer "detract" the matter. The whole sum of 6,0001., as he has already written, will both pay what is owing and what is now to be received. Can only obtain respite of 10 days, and exchange is falling, which is likely to cause 2001. loss to the King. As to the wheat of which Paget writes, was informed that sundry men had bargained to bring so much thither that the price would fall too low. If assured of the price specified by Paget, and allowed 2 months in which to bring it (and also certified whether 20s. the qr. means measure of London or of Newcastell, and whether he may deliver a moiety, or at least a third, in rye), he can send thither three times the double of the quantity specified. When the seas are "clearer of the Frenchmen, which rove abroad in galleys and other," he will despatch hence good store of harness and hacquebutes. If put to open shame for lack of money it will be thought that he has misused himself; for it were a great matter if the King or any other prince should procure things in a foreign land and not pay for them. Andwarpe, 6 May 1545.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add. Sealed. Endd.
6 May.	667. Bucler and Mont to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P. x. 420.	Upon sight of the letters from his Council they repaired to the Landgrave and declared how (with regard to their late conference and his fear of offending the French king, and perhaps some of his confederates, if he should send men to Henry's service) the King, who received daily offers of more men than he needed, would not wish him to offend old friends or procure new enemies at this time, and as to the other two articles, of the marriage and the league, the King must await answer from him. He then went aside into another chamber and, having consulted his Council, returned, saying that he was glad that the King had so many offers of men of war; his amity with the French king was not such that for it he would relent in his faithfulness to Henry, and he would gladly, for reasonable money, help to furnish men; as to the answer of the other two articles he looked daily for his gentleman, named Doctor Coedel, and would send it to Worms, and he would be glad if the league took effect.
	Their commission done, they had further familiar conversation with the Landgrave, who, hearing them say that they thought the King would not consent to the acts of the Council of Trent, being of the Bishop of Rome's appointing, suggested that the Protestants would be ready to join him in resisting its decrees. He now showed all willingness to gratify the King in anything, and the writers mentally wished that he had done so before. He desired to know by whom the King made men in these parts, that he might help them, as he does Idel Wolf, and be out of suspicion that they were against him and his confederacy.
	Since their last letters dated here, about 5 April, (fn. n2) the agents of the Protestants have been three or four times a week with Ferdinando, chiefly about accepting the Council of Trent's determination of religious controversies. At last meeting Ferdinando said that if all Christian nations consented to it they might not stay its conclusions. They answered that, the Bishop of Rome being head of it, they thought it a set thing to uphold his authority, and therefore required the peace between Catholics and Protestants prorogued until things might be indifferently redressed. To that Ferdinando deferred answer "until Caesar came himself."
	On the 3rd inst. Master Francis, Duke Frederic of Saxony's chancellor, desired that he and others might speak with us, and at 2 p.m. we came to the place appointed; where he, the Landgrave's chancellor, and Mr. James Sturmius, chief of Argentyne, declared that they were appointed by the rest to speak concerning the Council of Trent, and, albeit they had no special commission from their princes, they thought to serve their masters by doing so. The Council, they said, was appointed by the Bishop of Rome and they perceived by Ferdinando that the Emperor, Ferdinando and the French king assented thereto, and therefore it was to be expected that secular power would be invoked, under pretence of a general Council, to establish the Bishop of Rome' a tyranny against all who would not submit, as their Princes and States, with the kings of Denmark and Suevia never would; and, they consenting with you in rejecting the Bishop of Rome's tyranny (although in other things there was dissent, which might by friendly conference be brought to unity), thought it good to communicate this with us, and, if it were thought expedient for you to join in league with them not to consent to the Council and to resist any attempt to compel any King, Prince or State to observe its decrees, they had no doubt but that their Princes and States would be willing.
	Here has been these 14 days Mons. Grinianus, governor of Provence, as French ambassador to the Empire, who has as yet "proponed nothing openly" and his coming is therefore thought to be to promote such things as be proponed by Ferdinando. News is come to Argentyne from Venice of truce between the Emperor and the Turk for five years, and the Turk's withdrawal of his army to Andrinople and conversion of his power against his son and the Sophie; but the Venetian ambassador has no word of this. Cardinal Fernesius is coming hither for like purposes as the French ambassador. His men are here already taking up lodging. Ferdinando affirms that the Emperor will be here shortly. The Lantgrave sent us "these letters" to be conveyed to your Majesty. Woorms, 6 May. Signed.
	Pp. 6. Many passages in cipher. Add. Endd.: 1545.
6 May.	668. Mont to Wriothesley.
R. O. St P., x. 425	Since the coming of the King of the Romans, some months ago, nothing has been done here except to deliver to him and the Emperor's commissaries the money collected for offensive war against the Turk. Many states, and especially the Protestants, make difficulty about this unless the peace formerly agreed to by the Emperor and the rest of the States is prolonged until the settlement of religious controversies. For peace was granted until such settlement by a General or National Council; but if the decrees of the Council of Trent, indicted by the Pope, are accepted, the States of the Augsburg Confession are ruined. The Protestants wish the peace prolonged until the controversies are settled by Holy Scripture, and cannot think this Papistical Council to be the Council which the Emperor promised, viz., free, general and to be held in Germany. However, the King, the Emperor's commissaries, the electors of Mentz and Treves, and all the rest of the German bishops, except Cologne and Munster, deny the last agreement for peace and wish the controversies decided at the Council of Trent. It is plain that the Emperor, French king, and Ferdinand have conspired to confirm the Council of Trent and establish Papal authority; but we must pray to God to champion His own Word and enable us to say with Paul Sive rivimus sive morimur Deo rivimus vel morimur. The French king has a magnificent legation here, sent (it is thought) at the Emperor's wish, "pro omnium rerum faciliore ex Cesaris sententia persuasione et confectione." It has as yet proposed nothing and its servants have dealt so craftily with some of the Protestants that they are mistrusted; for they pretend fear lest the ambassador should hear of these meetings. We have written at large to the King and think it time to unite in defence of Christian liberty. Worms, 6 May 1545.
	Lat. Hol. pp. 2. Add. Sealed. Endd.
6 May.	669. Mont to Paget.
R. O.	Descants upon the necessity, and the present opportunity, for uniting in self-defence against the Papists, who have, by their Catiline, indicted a Council and are seeking to enforce impious laws upon all good men by allying themselves with the powers of this world. The Protestants will undergo anything rather than again yield themselves to the Roman idol; and they have enough of fighting men.
	Laments the death of Paget's wife. Refers, for the rest, to their letters to the King. Commendations to Mr. Peter, his (Paget's) colleague. Wormes, 6 May 1545.
	Lat. Hol, p. 1. Add. Sealed. Endd.
7 May.	670. Expected French Invasion.
	Commissions of Array. See Grants in May, No. 13.
	671. Defence of the Realm.
R. O. St. P., i. 785.	[A report made to the King of the Council's measures for defence of the realm.]
	In Bulloyn are victuals and men enough, and 16,000l. is delivered to the treasurer, and Mr. Lee commanded to send 300 more pioneers thither. Mr. Auchar has promised to send thither all things which Mr. Paulmer and Rogers have written for; and has received for provision of necessaries 700l., besides 300l. for the tackling and necessaries "for the perfection of your Majesty's two new galleons." At Calais and Guisnes they only lack money, which shall be sent as soon as it can be amassed. For victuals we hear of no complaints, they having peculiar purveyors; and, as for firing, "the ships which have conveyed the Spanyardes be appoynted to return charged with sea coal from Newcastle."
	"For the seas":—Your Majesty's pleasure is known to my lord Admiral, who promises haste, "and we have delivered, tother day, mm li." My lord St. John has left good order for their victuals, "and there is since his departing delivered two thousand pounds."
	"For the sea coasts":—My lord Chamberlain, as your Majesty knows, and the Master of the Horse are appointed in one quarter, and to see to the Isle of Wight; 200 hacquebutes and sufficient corn-powder sent to Portsmouth; my lord of Arundel appointed to back the master of the Horse, and my lord Chancellor's men to join my lord Chamberlain. The captain of the Wight has put the Isle in order and received munition and money; and will keep espial by sea "of th'approach of th'enemy if he mind it." Mr. Seymour has his "despatch at our hands for his charge at Dover" and Mr. Long is spoken to to back him with the aid of Mr. St. Legier's deputy and the other gentlemen of the shire, of whom four or five have special commission. Mr. Auchar and the gentlemen of Tenet undertake, with certain artillery and 300 men in garrison, the defence of the Isle; and shall be furnished at Mr. Lee's return, whom your Majesty sent thither to advise for its defence. Men are sent to see to the stocking and repair of the ordnance. My lord of Canterbury having required certain pieces of artillery, to be drawn about the cliffs for defence, shall be furnished therewith if Mr. Seymour think it expedient. "Mr. Darcy into Essex, who is spoken withal for the furniture of those thinges." Yarmouth and Leistoft are promised certain bulwarks, to be made, at the country's expence, which, having certain pieces of ordnance named "unto the Council, be thought sufficient to defend th'enemies"; and the Mr. of the Ordnance is charged to deliver the pieces.
	As for the North, the army is described, the division of the same appointed, order given to the head proveditours for victuals, for brewers, bakers and milnes; likewise to the Mr. of th'Ordnance for such ordnance, munition, iron, smiths, gunners wheelers and other necessaries as want for the furniture of the said army, and likewise for furniture of the fortresses (except Tynmouth, wherein your Majesty's pleasure must be known); for the draughts my lord of Hertford saith he will provide thereabouts. The fortifications at Berwyke be in hand as fast as can be. Mr. Stucley is spoken unto and gone to put himself in order to be in Berwyke castle. My lord of Derham is written to for the fortification of the weak places of Norham. Lawson is written to for to go to Warke." Sir Francis Leeke puts himself ready to be at Tynmouth; and, meanwhile, my lord Lieutenant is written to to put a discreet man there with 200 or 300 men. "My lord of Hertford goeth down upon Monday or Tuesday. (fn. n3) Md., money; which shalbe sent after with asmuch speed as can be. Letters of attendance to the gentlemen that go out of these parts with my lord of Hertforde. Mr. Knevet and Mr. Darcy appointed to take musters of th Italians horsemen and for the conduct of them down into the country.
	"The depeche of the commissioners for the Diet (fn. n4) ready to be signed. Order is given by exchange for ij^m li. to be sent to Damozel, &c.
	"Md., for Holy Eland and Tynnemowth and for th'entertainment of those which go to Berwike and Tynnemowth with what numbers they shall carry with them out of these parts.
	"Item, one is sent expressly to the Bastard of Gueldres to know his proceedings and to haste him away."
	Pp. 4. With some additions in Paget's hand. Endd.: The state of thinges as well within the realme as at Calays and Bulloyn and the Marches.
	672. South Coast Defences.
R. O.	* * * * *
	"cnolege to be geven in the contre that the men shall nott ryse to defende the cost exsepte that they see to ffyeres to borne at once and that the wache man sett no beken a ffyer exsept it be well knone that thar be x say lie of Frenche on the cost."
	First, that pairs of beacons be set from the Downes to the Wight. The watchman to fire no beacon unless assured that there be at least 10 sail of French ships on the sea, and in nowise to fire both beacons except the Frenchmen land.
	"To remember that Wentter lack no money whatsoever chances.
	"Also for the victuals to be provided at Portesmowthe, and that they of the Wyght have knowledge that 3,000 footmen shall lie in the isle, that victuals may be put in readiness when the King's ships be seen coming thitherward."
	Fragment (?), in Sir Thomas Seymour's hand, pp. 2. Endd.: Touchinge becons. The two leaves numbered "7" and "8."
R. O.	2. [Suggestions for coast defence in Kent.]
	"First in Tenet, from the Recolver along to the Gooreende rode, a mile and a half fair landing. Item against the Carrik roode, between rock and rock, being half a mile in length or more, very fair landing. Item, at Margate, between rock and rock, a great quarter of a mile fair landing." For the present defence of the said isle to grant the inhabitants 6 or 8 pieces of good ordnance with men practised to handle it, and to command the inhabitants to make a trench in the corner next Canterbury adjoining the Marsh, where they may sustain attacks from the enemy until aid come. The King to appoint three or four gentlemen "at any fire given within the isle with iij or iiij^{^o} men for their succours." Gentlemen habiting nigh about Cauntorbury:—Sir Wm. Finche, Edw. Isaac, Thos. Herdes,—— Fyneux, and one of my lord of Cauntorbury's servants.
	Men to defend the sea coasts from Sandwhich to Saint Mergites beside Dover Castle and to repair into Sandwich or Tenet if required, if the King and his Council think meet, viz., Edw. Monninges, Ric. Monninges his son, Thos. Coxe, Ric. Tucke, Markes Auchar. For defence of the coast from Artclif bulwark to Folkestone: John Bioke, Leonard Digges, Ant. Auchar, John Dranar. For defence from Folkestone to Cawmbre: Sir Reignolde Scot, John Honnywod, —— Twisenden, —— Clarke, of Alington, —— Blachindon, the elder and younger.
	"Gentlemen to be appointed to the castles in the lieu of the other as shall please the King's Majesty": Ant. Sandes, Walter Moile, Edw. Thwaites, Ric. Engham, John Tucke, George Darrel, John Dering, John Goldwell, Ellis, Hen. Borne, Chr. Rooper, John Norton, John Brent. It must be remembered "who shall lead the rest (if any sudden alarm be, and the force too great for th'other to defend) within the hundreds where these gentlemen last above written do dwell." One gentleman to be appointed to the watch of the beacons, &c. To know where the gentlemen appointed to the castles shall have their men. The King to send down 1,000 weapons of all sorts to be sold to the country. "Item, to know out of what parts of the shire the men appointed to the sea shall be taken.'
	Pp. 3. Endd.: Certain consultacions.
R. O	3. Modern copy of § 2.
	Pp.3.
	673. Defence Against Scotland.
R. O.	[An order of Council (?).]
	"First, that my lord of Hertford, who is appointed lieutenant there," repair down with speed to view the fortresses and strengthen weak places with "rampares" of earth and otherwise as "the shortness of the time will suffer," and to take order for all things, especially the putting ready of the army of 30,000 men which the King has determined to levy for resistance of the enemy. Considering the dishonour if the enemy should burn Berwyke, which "cannot now otherwise be defended than by power of men," it is thought that there should be put therein, when Hertford thinks expedient, 5,500 footmen and 500 horsemen, the rest of the army (except certain to be put into Carlisle, Norham and Werk) to be used by the lieutenant as the manner of the enemy's invasion shall require. Certain men allotted to the keeping of Tinmouth to remain about Newcastle.
	The army requires for 40 days' victuals, 4,000 qr. wheat and 5,000 qr. malt; and the said great garrison in Barwyk 800 qr. wheat, 1,200 qr. malt, 400 qr. beans and oats. Victuals for the other places aforenamed to be appointed out of the whole provision.
	Towards the above there is in Berwyke, meal, wheat, malt, beans, oats and hops (blank spaces for amounts) "and so wanteth—" (blank).To be conveyed thither wheat, meal, beans and oats, and hops (blank spaces for amounts); for the provision whereof "it is ordered" that Winchester and others, who have the charge of victuals, notify that such as will adventure to bring 2,000 qr. of wheat and 4,000 qr. malt to Newcastle shall have 20s. a qr. for wheat and 10s. a qr. for malt; the same to be written to Damysell and the Governor in Flanders, and other merchants spoken with for a further provision. Ten bakers, ten brewers and six coopers to be sent to Berwyke. Winchester has undertaken to have made for Berwyke 15 such mills as be at Boulloyn. For field artillery Hertford shall take the "faukons" from Nottingham and have 2 demi culverins and 10 sakers from hence. The said towns and castles have already sufficient artillery and munition for defence, and the master of the Ordnance is spoken with to send thither carpenters, wheelwrights, smiths and iron (blank spaces for each) "Md. the depeche of my lord Chamberlain and Mr. Brown."
	Pp. 3. Endd.: An estimat of victualz for an armey in the North, 1545.
	674. War Expenses.
R. O.	"Aneystemat wat charges the wares wyll stand in for the monthe of June, Jolle, Augst, Scheptmbar," viz.:—Monthly charges at Bollayn 8,000l., the marches of Calles 3,000l., the sea (besides victuals) 5,000l., the North 5,000l. Total for four months 84,000l.
	For "fournetter" whereof, of the Mint in these four months 40,000l., of the "antespassoun" (anticipation) 40,000l., of sales of land 20,000l., and of the "benewollenes y^t es on payed" 15,000l.; in all 115,000l., of which 10,000l. will be owing by the 1st of June; so that there "remaynes no mor towarddes the charges of anerme (an army) of xxv^ml myn norwardes and hall odor charges not reherssed bout xix^m (sic) li."
	ii. Item, the charges for "Octtobar, Nowymbar, Dessembar, Gynewarre, iiij. monthees," viz. Bollayne, monthly 4,000l., marches of Calles 2,000l., the North 3,000l., the sea 1,000l.; in four months 40,000l., which the "rest of the sobssede" will furnish.
	iii. Item, the charges of 'Fywaryer, Marche, Aprell, May" will be, by "eystemassoun," 60,000l.; for furniture whereof the Mint in eight months will give 40,000l. and the King's revenues 20,000l.
	iv. "Yef the war contennv anne lengar den thes yer et most be borne be a sobssedees as her aftar followes:—Forst the sprettvall myn to byr yerlle duryng the wares the v. (altered from 'towne half' and 'third') part of ther lewyng ywarre (every) wone from x. pond upwarde, and from xli. downward the x. part." Also every man that has 10l. of land and upwards to pay a tenth, and he that has land from 10l. to 20s. a fifteenth; and he that shall be valued by his goods to pay a tenth if worth above 20l., a fifteenth if worth from 20l. to 5l., and a twentieth if worth from 5l. to 20s.
	This will draw yearly 200,000l. and bear the charges aforesaid.
	The King must bear the charges of the armies that shall invade, viz. 120,000l. yearly; "wyche moste be borne be hes henes rewynnves and of salles and the mynt."
	"And thes grante most be grantted be Mykylmes and to be payde, the towne half at Kandylmes and the odar half at Maedsomar, and den yerlle the grant to be scest (assessed) be Hallontyed and payd be Candylmes."
	Pp. 4. Endd.: A consultacion.
	675. Anticipation of the Subsidy.
Harl. MS. 3 881, f. 36. b. m.	Instructions to the Marquis of Dorset and earl of Huntingdon for the anticipation of the third payment of subsidy in Leicestershire, to treat with the people who are taxed at 10l. and upwards to pay before 1 July next this last payment, which is to be cessed before Michaelmas next, of the subsidy granted in 34 Hen. VIII. to be paid within three years, at the rate they have before paid.
	Modern copy, ½ p.
7 May.	676. William Damesell to Paget.
R. O.	Has received his letter concerning 4,000 spars to make northern staves, and will despatch them by the next English ships from hence. Doubts whether "these staves here" will serve the purpose, for, as far as he remembers, the Northern men's staves are made of ash, and it is impossible to get so much seasoned ash here cleft after that fashion. The spar called "sapyne," whereof the staff for the men of arms is made, is both too short and too dear. Will therefore send Norway and Estlande spars of the largest sort; which, if they will not serve, may be sold at no loss. Earnestly desires him to remember the money. Has just shipped for the King 1,200 hacquebutes, Italian pieces, but as yet has no discharge for the powder and munition sent in the last three hoys, although making daily suit for it. As for money, has not written to any other than Paget. Andwerpe, 7 May, 1545.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.
May 7.	677. Bucler and Mont to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., x. 427.	After despatching their letters of the 6th, received from the Landgrave the answer sent to him from the King of Denmark, and city of Breame in Dutch. Enclose a Latin translation by Mont. Woorms, 7 May. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
R. O. st. P., x. 427.	2. The King of Denmark's answer to the Landgrave's message by John Ceudell.
	The proposed marriage between one of his brothers and a lady of England is to be embraced; but, having divided his hereditary duchies with his brethren, who are of age to judge for themselves, he will signify the matter to his brother Adolph as soon as the latter returns home. The league defensive and offensive proposed by the King of England's ambassadors, seems advantageous to him, and he has long maintained amity with that King; but at present affairs compel him to keep his fleet ready for defence of his own coasts, and therefore he must defer entering such a league, and begs the Landgrave to make his excuses to the King of England.
	ii. Answer of the city of Bremen.
	That they do not approve of a league, because they are compelled to frequent the countries of the Emperor and the French king; but, for the Landgrave's sake, they are willing to transport some thousands of foot soldiers to the king of England (horsemen are not easily transported) for honest remuneration, about 40,000 cr., the King of England giving security therefor.
	The Landgrave's annotation upon this is "Responsum quod Bremenses dant arbitramur in ulteriori tractatione mitius fore et minoris eos operam suam prestaturos."
	iii. The Landgrave's letters to us.
	As agreed at their departure, transmits the answer which his ambassador has obtained from the King of Denmark and from Bremen, and will signify that of the King and his brother as to the marriage as soon as it comes. Desires them to move the King of England, in the event of his raising soldiers in Germany, to let the Landgrave know who the captains of them are, so that he and his confederates may not incur needless expense through suspicion that the levy is against them. In return he will promote the King's levies.
	Lat. In Mont's hand, pp. 3. Endd.: Relatio Doct. Joannis Ceudel, oratoris Hessiaci apud Danie Regem.
7 May.	678. Bucler to Paget or Petre.
R. O.	"Sir, it may please you to b'adve[rtised that after we] had dispatched a post we received . . . . . . . . . . from the Landgrave, thanswer t[hat the king of Denmark] and the citie of Breame sent to h[im, written in Dutch], the w^c we have sent here to th[e Kings Ma^tie translated] into Latyn by M^r Doctor M[ount] . . . . . . . . . . we had the merchaunt post by w . . . . . . . . . . . . . we have sent also the Lantgrave['s letters for one] of the henchmen, (fn. n5) mencioned [in our last letters] and left owte by negligence. I [beseech you to excuse that] mattier if neede require. W . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . here w^t us thoriginall in Dutch . . . . . . . [And with] this moste humblie I take my l[eave of you. From] Wormbs, the vij^th of May.
	"yours to com [mand]
	"Water Bu[cler]."
	P. 1. Half torn off. Add. Endd.: Mr. Buckler and Mr. Mount to Mr. Seer. Paget and Mr. Seer. Petre, vij^{^o} Maij 1545.
7 May.	679. Bucler to Paget.
R. O.	"Syr, I moste humble thanke you for your k[yndness] and also for the dispacchyng of my servant by your means, though you war nott present, so spedilie and commodiusly for me in post. I am ryg[ht] sory for the deigth of my lady your wiff. Your wisdom knowyth moch better then I can show [in] l'r[es how] soch casual chaunces of the [world should] be takyn, and I dowbt nothyng . . . . . . . hath dominion, to rule and . . . . . . . . . . . affectes, although in this . . . . . . . . . . Well, there be thinges that it may please you to understa[nd that since] our beyng w^t the Langrave [we could have] no sure conveens of l'res, m . . . . . . . . present, but by such as wa . . . . . almost manifest. Werefo[re we were compelled] to send a post purposely it ma[y] . . . . . . be non other thyng then we . . . . . . . . there is mater sufficient and wel wort[hye] the sendyng of a post, and great danger [might] cum to sum men yf the l'res shuld cum to wro[ng] handes. But howsoever it be, my hole trust is in you to take it in good part and so to persuade other yf any thynke the thyng nott worthe post h[ire] at the leste to be worthi postes suerne[ss. It wer] superfluos to wryte to you anything that is in the l'res. If there be nothyng to send my man hyther agayne in post, I pray you be so good that he may be sent to Doctor Wotton (whom I thynke to be here shortly) and then he may cum to me from thens. [Else] I most revoke hym agayne at my [own] charges.
	"[You do] know that Doctor Mont hath but xxli. [pension y]erely of the Kynges Ma^tie, and when this [commission that] he hath now is past he most . . . . . . . hat, wych is not able to fynd [him. The] man (as you know) is of moch . . . . . . and in good estimation in thies [parts, an]d wel able to do the Kynges Ma^tie[good ser]vice, as daily w^t most diligence [and heart]ie will he dothe. Wherefore, you [being] the man whom chieflie he observyth [after the] Kyng, and in that office that most [conv]eniently of al men ye may do it, I thynke you shuld do a benefett worthe your self that is full of honestie and gentylnes, to procure his pension to be augmentyd [n]ow wile he is occupied in the Kynges [Ma^ties] affers. And this I pray you pardon [my trou]blyng.
	"Yf we shal have further doynges [with such] men as ar mention in the [for]mer part of our l're, it were expedient that we had sum l'res of credit to them, for this ca[me] of there owne gentylnes and the answere. . . we thynke wold seme but bare [without] sum credens. The grace of Go[d be with you]. From Wormes, the 7 of M[ay].
	"Your bounden
	"Water [Bucler]."
	"I have payed Mr. Doctor Mont . . . . . . . . . . yf by your help I may reco[ver the same] agayne, I meane of that was . . . . . . . . . . . same me from bankerotte
	Hol., pp. 3. Much mutilated. Add. Endd.: "Mr. Buckler to Mr. Secr. Mr. Paget, vij^o Maii 1545."
7 May.	680. Bucler to Petre.
R. O.	"Syr, I most heartily thanke y[ou for your kindness], and also for your gentylness [in the dispacchyng] of my servantes so com[modiusly for me]. I could have no conveyance of these] l'res now but uncertayne . . . . . . [and] therefore I was compellyd to [send a special] post. I pray you take it in g[ood part and so to persuade] other yf it be nede to do th . . . . . . . . . you it was certifyd to me ho[w] . . . . . . . . . the Kynges Ma^tie of my . . . . . . . . . . . as you comfort me they sha[ll] . . . . . . I pray you, yf there be no mat[er wherewith to send] my man agayne in post, that you wold [be so good] as to send him to Doctor Wotton (w[hom] the voyce is we shal have here [shortly) and] he may sone from thens cum hy[ther. Else I shalbe] compellyd to revoke him [againe at my] nowne costes. It were superfl[uous to write any]thyng contayned in the l'res. Yt [we shall do] farther in the mater mentioned in the former part] of our l'res I thynke it w[ere expedient] that we had sum l'res of [credence to the] partes there namyd. I pray [you commend me] reverently to my ladie your wiff. [The grace of] God be with you. From Wormes [7 May].
	Yours to command,
	Water Bucler.
	"Syr I gave here as good diligence [as possible to overtake] Will'm Thomas, but as farre as [I can learn, he] was passyd this ways before I [came hither] or els I wold surlie have stoppy[d him. He] passyd in the cornpeny of Skot[tish men, as by] conjecture I could lerne at . . . . . a vj. days byfore my commyng [or ever] I herd of his departure."
	Hol., pp. 2. Much mutilated. Add. Sealed. Endd.: "Mr. Buckler to Mr. Secr. Mr. Petre, vij^o Maii 1545."
7 May.	681. St. Mauris to Prince Philip.
Spanish Calendar, viii. No. 50.	The King of France issued a decree prohibiting all vessels from conveying victuals and munitions of war to England, and subsequently a Biscay ship laden with hides belonging to English subjects was captured in her voyage from Ireland to Spain, and confiscated by the French under an old law that neutral ships may be confiscated if only a portion of the cargo belongs to the enemy. This seems unjust, as free commerce between Spain and England was expressly reserved by the last treaty of peace between the Emperor and France. Has remonstrated. Blois, 7 May 1545.
7 May.	682. St. Mauris to Covos.
Spanish Calendar, viii., No. 49.	The French plan against England is to send 300 ships, 25 galleys and 5 galleasses, with 10,000 men to establish a fort on the coast of the island of England (fn. n6) and then land their men near Boulogne, close the harbour with wooden booms and make a fort on the beach like that which the English demolished. Having thus prevented revictualling, they will fill the moat and enter over the walls. The fleet from Marseilles was to leave on the 1st inst. As to the declaration of the alternative, neither Orleans nor the Secretary who preceded him did more than thank the Emperor. The King still thinks that we will seek him for our Princess. Ardres holds out because it can get victuals by night. It is to be revictualled on the 20th inst. A man should be sent to claim the two ships seized. The Pope has undertaken to furnish the cost of 3,000 men against the English for four months, and things go smoothly again although the French still demand 4,000 men. Cardinal Farnese has arrived at Worms, and will afterwards come hither to induce the French to send representatives to the Council. Negociations between the English merchant (fn. n7) and Chastillon broke off because the French insisted on having Boulogne. The Admiral of France recently sent his secretary to the Admiral of England suggesting an increased pension if Boulogne was surrendered. The English Admiral replied, better reduce the pension and let the English keep Boulogne. The French cannot induce the Duke of Savoy to marry his son without the Emperor's consent. The Prince of Piedmont is now going to visit his Majesty. The Turk makes war preparations, but there is hope of a truce, for which the Emperor will send a man with the French envoy to Turkey. The French object is to avoid giving the promised contingent against the Turk. The French, especially the Dauphin, seem finely anxious to get back Perpignan. M. d'Albret is just as anxious to regain Navarre, and wishes the Emperor to propose a marriage between his daughter and the second son of the King of the Romans with the object of being allowed to retain the title of king. The Carmelite friar (fn. n8) who intervened in the peace returned from Rome with a brief to the Emperor to declare against the English. The Emperor replied that he would keep his word to both monarchs, and also was engaged against the Turk; but he would "endeavour to bring about peace between them if possible," and if France would consent to a truce he could negociate it, as he knew from Paget, on condition that the English retained Boulogne. The King now sends the Carmelite to pray the Pope to write to all Christian princes to aid him against England; and he declares that he will never negociate without Boulogne. Meanwhile the Emperor prohibits victual to either combatant and in Germany forbids men to enter their services. Still, the King of France expects to get 8,000 lansquenets; and M. Leyton says that 2,000 or 3,000 Spaniards are coming to his service from Biscay. A Spaniard named Salcedo in the French service here says that these Spanish troops are expected. Thus the French ceaselessly endeavour to embroil us with the English. The Emperor has forbidden this Carmelite, who is a Spaniard, to accept any more French commissions. A fortnight ago a Genoese of the Fiesco family came, requesting aid to make his family paramount and expel Prince Doria; but the King did not approve the plan, although the Dauphin urged it. Count William is still a prisoner, as Prince Roche sur Yonne refuses the ransom of 20,000 cr. of which the Emperor is to pay 5,000 cr. The King will not moderate his demand for 35,000 cr. ransom. The French say that the Protestants will not consent to the Council unless its decisions rest in other hands than those of the princes of the Church. The Emperor's presence will however do much, who should arrive at Worms within three days from now, having left Antwerp seven days ago. He gave Orleans the choice of following him to Worms or returning to France; but the King thought that his son, who himself wished to go to Germany, should take part in the campaign at Boulogne. The Council. Portugal. Savoy. The statement that Martin Varotten (Van Rossem), the Bastard of Gueldres and Duke Maurice of Saxony were raising troops for the English proves false. The Keeper of the Seal made Grand Chancellor and Poyet sent to the Bastille. The Princess d'Albret's renunciation of her contract to the Duke of Cleves. The Duke D'Albret (Alburquerque ?) arrived today and sent to salute the King and Queen, by the Emperor's order as he said. Thinks that he will not mention his rings, so small is his hope of recovering them. The king of the Romans' envoy to the Turk died on the day fixed for his audience. The bp. of Cologne. The declaration of the alternative. It is agreed that the Scots and Netherlanders may trade with each other under safeconducts.
	* * * *
	These people are delighted at the defeat of the English by the Scots, and assert that 4,000 were killed, including the commander, (fn. n9) and many nobles captured. Mons. de L'Orge is being pressed to embark. The English await him on the Irish coast. The French galleys left Marseilles on the 30th April. Don Enrique de Toledo, passing through here, went with M. D'Albret (Alburquerque ?) to salute the King, who made them kiss all the ladies in the French fashion. The ladies were assembled in the saloon to receive them after the King's supper, at which there was much astonishment. Covos might appoint Secretary Gonzalo Perez to receive the writer's salary in Spain. Blois, 7 May 1545.
	**A modern transcript is in B.M., Add. MS. 28594, f. 118. Fr. pp*. 11.
8 May.	683. Bishopric of Llandaff.
	See Grants in May, No. 16.
8 May.	684. Anthony Cave to John Johnson.
R. O.	Tickford, 8 May 1545.—Glad to perceive by yours of the 4th inst. that you have sealed the writings devised by my counsel. "I thought my cousin Hunt would not have been so chargeable for his devices. My trust is ye honestly rewarded Mr. Broke." In the matter of the letting of his house to Mr. Assheley the writer thinks himself but lightly esteemed. Directions for exchange of money to be received from Thos. Smith, Henry Southewyck and Robt. Tempest. Expects wools to be very dear this year. Trusts that Johnson has agreed with Lawnd and Rose. Wm. Burye has bought Tayller's fells, of Wellyngbo. Grene and Damport will give the writer the refusal of theirs, Grene sending word that he is offered 14 nobles the hundred. They have above 6,000 fells. Expects Mr. Smith here next week, and in his absence to employ Johnson's brother Ottwell. "This week Mr. Wm. Burye was here and saith our matters with the Emperor are much doubted, he useth such extremities in burnings and punishing all against the Papish sect. Therefore use your doings accordingly."
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.: at Callais. Endd.: "answerid le 22 in the same fr. Andwerp, etc."
8 May.	685. Tunstall and Sadler to Paget.
R. O.	Since Shrewsbury's departure arrived here the enclosed letters and writings from the Wardens of the East and West Marches, the effect of which Paget may declare to the King. Darneton, 8 May 1545. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
8 May.	686. Thomas Gower to Shrewsbury.
R. O.	For lack of carriage, we have this day discharged divers of the workfolk here. Only four or five carts are to be had now that I have taken the King's horses to draw the horse mills, so that the works in the castle will speed ill, for the country people will not come here "and they might have a noble a day for every horse, because of the plague." In this storehouse is but 3,200lb. of hops which will soon be gone. Has sent to Newcastle to stay as much as possible; but, without money, dare not provide things. If any works be in hand at Holy Iland here is small store of spades, &c., for them.
	Begs Shrewsbury to stay granting Andrew Carre to any man before the King's pleasure be known concerning the letter he wrote for John Carre of Farnyhurst; "for the lard of Cowdenknowles that is my taker hath married this Andrew Carre's sister, and she loves him best of all her brother." Berwick, 8 May. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.: 1545.
8 May.	687. Francesco Venier, Venetian Ambassador at Rome, to the Council of Ten.
Venetian Calendar (Brown), No. 335.	Yesterday the Pope, repeating what was said by Ardinghelli, said that Da l'Armi and his accomplices awaited the coming of a gentleman of the King's chamber with their commission; Da l'Armi was a rebel who deserved a thousand deaths, and both he and the Veronese Count of Bonafacio were in Venice, where the King's agent supplied them with money, and at Vercelli, and elsewhere in Piedmont and Savoy, English coin had begun circulating; it would be a great satisfaction if the Signory would send them away. Answered that the Signory would not tolerate anything that disquieted his Holiness, and for that cause forbade the Strozzis to reside in Venice. The Pope replied that this heretical King was the enemy of the Apostolic See and had now concluded a league with the Lutherans; the Council was sitting [at Trent] and it might be that these ruffians had orders for some design against Cardinal Pole, and the Signory should not suffer them to execute it; now that the French fleet and defences were withdrawn from Provence an invasion there might be intended, as the King was negociating with the Duke of Savoy, but his Holiness could not see how the Duke, who was a ruined man, could maintain it. Rome, 8 May 1545.
	P. S.—Cardinal Ardinghelli said that his Holiness constantly received fresh intelligence on the subject. He heard that the King was sending that gentleman of his chamber by letters of the 22nd, confirmed by a letter of the 2nd, and the gentleman is expected at Venice within twelve days.
9 May.	688. Chancery.
Lansd. MS. 163, f. 232.	Order taken by lord Chancellor Wriothesley for regulation of business in Chancery. Nine rules.
B. M.	17th century copy (purporting to be taken from the end of the book of "Act, Orders and Decrees" of 36 Hen. VIII), pp. 2. Endd.: Orders of Chancery, [made] 37 Hen. 8, "die Sabbathi nono die Maii."
9 May.	689. Chapuys to Charles V.
Spanish Calendar, viii., No. 51.	On the 3rd inst. received the Emperor's letters of the 25th ult. and immediately sent for audience to take leave. The King appointed 10 o'clock next morning, but Chapuys was there an hour earlier. Describes interview with the Queen and Princess, who overtook him as he was passing through the garden. The Queen spoke of her desire for continuance of the friendship with the Emperor and wished to be affectionately remembered to the Queen of Hungary. Went then to the Council and showed the contents of the Emperor's letters both in regard to his departure and to the matter of Carceres, the ship captured by Renegat and the ship of St. Sebastian captured by Windham. (fn. n10) They promised to learn fully Carceres' proceedings and to restore the ships. Chapuys had no need to excuse the reprisals in Spain as they did not refer to the matter. The Chancellor and Suffolk then talked to him privately. Describes how they begged him to maintain the friendship, expressed opinion that before long the king of France would re-open the war against the Emperor, suggested that the Emperor should aid their King, and asked if there was any news of the truce. Replied that the Emperor had received no answer (which was probably due to confidence of the French inspired by the sending of the Duchess d'Etampes' secretary) and that he (Chapuys) could suggest no means. Went then to dinner; after which the Chancellor and Suffolk again desired him to suggest some expedient to bring about peace or truce. At last suggested confiding Boulogne to some other person during the truce. They asked whether he meant that it should be held by the Emperor, but he replied that he was not speaking of any specific person They then begged him not to mention the conversation to the King, who was not so anxious for peace as some people might think. Told them that he thought the treaty required elucidation, and that their request to the Emperor for the declaration was out of the question, and they should moderate their demands. After a word about the long stay of the Scottish ambassador in Flanders, they then made room for Secretary Paget. Paget recited his negociations in Flanders and said he was troubled to see that since his departure things had not progressed there as he hoped; the Scottish ambassador, whose immediate expulsion the King might have demanded, was still there and the Emperor was stickling about a licence to exports arms and munitions at Antwerp which the King brought from Italy and Germany. At least the Emperor ought to order that the King should be released from his bargain made therein with Erasmus Brusquel, and Paget begged him to write most urgently about it.
	Paget then went to the King, who shortly afterwards sent for Chapuys. Describes interview, in which the King gave details about Carceres, and complained of the stay of Scottish Ambassador who, as learnt from Scotland and from intercepted letters, was treating a marriage with one of the sons of the King of the Romans. Assured him that there was no mention of such a marriage, and he answered that he placed as much reliance in that assurance as in the note which Vander Delft and Chapuys signed for release of the seizures. He objected to the treatment shown to the Scottish Ambassador, and even to that accorded to Orleans. Thought it best to say no more about the Scottish ambassador, as he had before told Paget that Morette enjoined upon that ambassador to wait with the Emperor until his return, and that there was nothing in the treaty which restrained either Sovereign from receiving an ambassador from the enemy of the other, provided that what passed was communicated. The King complained that three French galleys and a galliot were welcomed in Dunkirk harbour. Speaking of peace or truce he said he would prefer peace; but, after all, if the Emperor aided him in accordance with the treaty he cared little for the French; during the last ten days English privateers had captured 23 French vessels, and as many more were sunk, burnt, or captured shortly before; altogether his subjects must have captured 300 French ships since the war began. Chapuys answered that the Emperor s attitude with regard to the declaration referred to was well justified, and he was surprised that the king of France's offer to abide by the Emperor's arbitration had not been accepted; of course the Emperor made no advances therein, knowing the danger of judging between two friends. At the mention of friends the King shook his head and said that he was surprised at the trust which the Emperor placed in the king of France, soliciting him to send an ambassador with his (the Emperor's) representative to the Turk for an eight year's peace or truce, whereas the king of France would rather hinder any such agreement. The King went on to express surprise that the Emperor consented to the Council at Trent meeting before affairs of Germany were on a better footing. Finally he urged Chapuys, whose arguments forced him to consent to the treaty, to use good offices; saying that he still had the silver pen which Chapuys sent him to sign the treaty.
	The King did not confirm the statements made by his Council to Vander Delft and Chapuys touching Madame d'Etampes' secretary; and the writer thinks that really there is nothing the English more desire than the peace. Gravelines, 9 May 1545.
9 May.	690. Chapuys to Mary of Hungary.
Spanish Calendar, viii. No. 52.	Encloses copy of his letter to the Emperor. Refrains from detailing complimentary expressions used by the Queen of England towards her, knowing that she has no appetite for such things, but must not forget the affectionate messages sent her by the King, Queen and Princess. Gravelines, 9 May 1545.
	Brought from England a thoroughbred dog sent by Paget, which he will shortly forward to Brussels.
9 May.	691. Petre to Paget.
R. O.	This morning at 8 a.m. we arrived all at Caleyce after a fair passage "(as they said)," but I was never in my life so sick: we hear not that the Emperor's commissioners are yet come to Graveling. Frenchmen made a small alarm at Guisnes this morning. When we have conferred together and the commissioners of the other side are come we shall begin proceedings. My lord Deputy shows me much gentleness, for your sake. I thank you for your wine, and good remembrance of me other ways. Commendations to my lady. Caleyce, 9 May.
	Hol., p.1. Add. Endd.: 1545.
9 May.	692. Chamberlain to Paget.
R. O.	Sent his servant to Paget on May day with letters from a Scot, lying at Camphire in Zeland, who promised to come hither, and did so this day, declaring that he had left in his lodging there a secretary of Mons. de Guyse who is come out of Scotland with letters from the Cardinal to the French king and other of the Council of France and has promised to go into England. The Scot asked a loan of 40 cr. and promised to bring the secretary to Andwarpe on Monday next; and the writer, not knowing how important the message might be, delivered the 40 cr., and will tarry at Andwarpe until Monday, so as to carry the secretary with him when he goes to the Diets for the merchants' causes. This Scot says that on May Day a small pink returned out of Scotland to Flushing with a messenger whom the Scottish ambassador despatched a fortnight past, which agrees with what Chamberlain wrote as reported by a Scottish priest at Andwarpe. The Scot says that fisher vessels, and others under colour of fishing, carry victuals and munition into Scotland, and that a Scottish ship which arrived, with the Emperor's safeconduct, at Camphire on Sunday last (fn. n11) shall be laden with powder and ordnance, "and the Scottish ambassador who is now at Bruxelles hath sent the ship word to abide his coming for that he will pass in him into Scotland." The Emperor has given safeconduct to divers Scots, dwellers in Scotland, Depe and Andwarpe, whereby they carry wine and other necessaries out of Zelond.
	The merchants in London have warned that no ship depart homeward until the Council's further pleasure known, because of French galleys and other vessels upon this coast. Had already ordered this and caused divers hoys to be unladen. Would know when the English ships may depart. Not past three of them are laden, but the rest would return empty. Berghes, 9 May 1545.
	Two Venetian mariners are come to Andwarpe, fled from the French galleys at Donkerke because of lack of victuals and wages, who say that in France they wait daily "for the coming of the galleys from Mersellia, and that if the French king had money he should be able to beat all the world at the sea."
	Hol., pp. 4. Add. Endd.
9 May.	693. Wotton to Paget.
R. O.	On the 4th inst. despatched his servant, Henry Kinge, from Maestrichte to seek out Peter of Geldres. At Andwerpe the Englishmen thought that Henry Maye, whom the Governor sent for the same purpose, had met with some ill chance, being so long unheard of; and, but that it was for the King's service, Kinge could have been content to spare himself the journey. Gave him a letter to the said Peter and commanded him to retun into England with the answer, but wishes to have him back as soon as his errand is done. "These Italian ambassadors". say that Cardinal Farnese is already come to Trente from Rome, ready to resort to Wormes upon the Emperor's arrival there. The ambassador of Venice has letters from Andrinopoly, of 25 March, still confirming the news of the Turk's coming to Hungary, and announcing that the king of Romans' ambassador died before speaking with the Turk.
	"The voice goeth here in the Court that a great prince of Germany hath newly received the Gospel; and some say that it is the Count Palatyn. But my servant Mamoran, whose pocula potanti you paid so dear for, spake with Doctor Naves, the vicechancellor of the Empire (who is his country-man) of that matter, who would not be aknown of it, saying that he heard no such thing of the said Palatyne, but took him to be the selfe man that he was the last year. But I perceive that here in Coleyn they suspect greatly the said Palatyne lest he turn to the Protestants indeed." The Lantgrave of Hesse has again, within these six days, written to the city of Cóleyn not to suffer the Duke of Bruynswyke to be here. Having certain places of the county of Katzenelleboghen lying upon the Ryne through which the Coleyners must daily pass, he reckons to frighten them into granting his request. The city delayed answer in order to have the Emperor's advice. The Emperor came hither on Thursday the 7th inst. and departs tomorrow by land. The men of the city came forth in harness to receive him to the number of 20 ensigns "with a good peal of guns." Coleyn, 8 May 1545.
	P.S.—This day received, by Nicholas the Courier, letters from the King's Council and from Paget, and will tomorrow require access to the Emperor.
	P.P.S.—The 9th inst., the Emperor being arrived at Bonne, 4 leagues beyond Coleyn, Wotton sent for access, but was answered that the Emperor having none of his Council about him, required it deferred until his coming to Wormes. At Coleyn one (fn. n12) came offering to serve the King with 20 ensigns of footmen and 1,000 horsemen. Supposes that the King has no need of them, but Mr. Herman Rinke, the King's servant, knows where to find the said captain, who is of the county of Hesse.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd.: viij^o Maii.
10 May.	694. The Privy Council.
Dasent's a.p.c., 158	Meeting at St. James's, 10 May. Present: Chancellor, Suffolk, Privy Seal, Hertford, Winchester, Gage, Wingfield, Paget, Baker. Business:—Mr. Wotton having certified that the Emperor made some sticking to grant passage for certain hacquebutes provided in Milan for the King, a letter was written to Wotton to renew his suit. Letter written to Sir Geo. Carew and the mayors of Plymouth and Foye to restore a ship named Les Troyes Royes, laden with Rochelle wines, as belonging to the Emperor's subjects and not to Frenchmen. Warrant to Tuke to deliver 10l. to Mr. Knevett, and Mr. Fulwood, appointed to conduct the strangers northwards.
10 May.	695. Broxstow, Notts.
R. O.	Acknowledgment of receipt, 10 May 37 Hen. VIII, by Richard Broke of Broxstow, Notts, from Sir Nic. Strelley of Strelley, Notts, of 51s. for all rents of Broxstow "from the beginning of the world" until this day. Signed with a mark and sealed.
10 May.	696. Tunstall and Sadler to Paget.
R. O. St. P., v. 447.	According to the Council s letters, have sent up the Scottish priest lately taken on the sea by bearer, John Dove, whose prisoner he is and who desired to have his conveyance to Court. The priest has shown things, as well touching the Emperor's secret despatch into Scotland as the conveyance of letters to and from Cardinal Pole by an English friar at Antwerp, of which they have caused him to make a writing (herewith) in his own hand. Darneton, 10 May 1545. Signed.
	P.1. Add. Endd.
R. O. St P., v 447.	2. Confession of William Thomson, chaplain of our Lady Kirk in Handwerp, that a Minorite friar, an Englishman born and warden or president of their order in Handwerp, receives and forwards letters for the Cardinal of England called Poull, sending them to places as well within England as elsewhere. The said Friar, whose surname is Zelston, (fn. n13) confessed to Thomson that he had "a sure guard by inquisition" who were the Cardinal's friends, and has twice delivered writings from an English priest serving the Cardinal of Sanctandres in Rome and Italy, which Thomson forwarded to the Cardinal in Scotland, by John Kokburnis ship, not witting what was in them. In the holy days of Pace last, anno 1545, a shipper called Joke passed from Flissinge with writings both of the Emperor and of the ambassador of Scotland. The ambassador's servant was named Mauritius. The common voice was that it was for a marriage of the Princess of Scotland with a nephew of the Emperor, or else for certain articles devised by the Emperor's Council to be confirmed by the body of the realm of Scotland ere peace should be made betwixt the Emperor and Scotland. Undertakes to advertise the King's Council what writings the said Friar gets from and to Cardinal Poull. Signed.
	Hol., p. 1. In a Scottish hand.
10 May.	697. Tunstall and Sadler to Pedro de Gamboa.
R. O.	Learnt today, by letter from the King's Council, that Padilio, who was lately apprehended at Calais, upon an information not unknown to Gamboa, having cleared himself, desires to be restored to his place and to come hither, take command of his soldiers and recover what his men owe him. A schedule of these debts, from the Deputy of Calais, was delivered to Gamboa before his departure, who promised satisfaction of them. The Council would know Gamboa's opinion whether Padilio is to be restored, how the debts are to be paid, and whether a soldier who has been in custody and is found innocent ought to have his pay for the time he was in prison, if not restored to his place. Padilio affirms that it is not unknown to Gamboa what expense he was at in raising soldiers; and much desires to be restored, or else to recover his debts and his standard. Await his reply, which they will transmit to the Council.
	Enclose letters in Spanish. Ex Darentona, decimo die Maii.
	Lat., copy, pp. 2. Headed: Egregio et magnifico viro, Domino Petro de Gamboa, militum Hispanorum prefecto, Cuthbertus Dunelmensis episcopus et Radulphus Sadelerus, Regie Majestatis in Borealibus partibus supremus in bello thesaurarius, salutem plurimain dicunt. Endd.: 1545.
10 May.	698. John Manne to Sadler.
R. O.	Immediately upon my arrival at Holy Island, taking with me Mr. Gowre and the captain, with the skilfullest of the inhabitants, we perused the haven and found the bulwark already made much decayed, and so situated as not to keep ships from the harbour. Searching for "the weakeste and dangeroste" places, and finding no place by water assailable but the haven, we, with advice of the Italian engineer, (fn. n14) devised and staked out, upon a rock called Bolste Hughe, a bulwark which shall not only ward the haven bat annoy "ships passing to and from Scotland by the fayre way (as they call it) which they must and do necessarily pass by daily, as also my lord Admirall declared unto me before my coming down." The work will neither be chargeable nor long; and we purpose to-morrow to set to work such labourers as can be provided here, and beg your command to the overseers at Tinmowthe, if they discharge any workmen, as Mr. Uvdall showed me they would at next pay, to send them hither with their tools. The work here with a lodging annexed will cost 400l. or 500l. Please deliver me what you suppose to be a convenient prest towards it, and, if we have workmen, in a month or five weeks much will be done. Holy Island, this present Sunday decimo Mali.
	P.S.—Sends a platt of the bulwark and platform, to be forwarded to Secretary Paget.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add.: at Darneton. Endd.: 1545.
10 May.	699. Thomas Gower to Tunstall and Sadler.
R. O.	Has, according to their letter of 7 May, communed at Holy Island with Mr. Man, by whom he perceives that the Italian thinks the hill he told my lord of Shrewsbury of too little, and that it is to be enclosed in the fortification. If it is to be taken in hand so soon as is needful, they will have much ado to get either tools or men; and he begs them to write to the overseers at Tynmothe to send all they can spare. Iland is no place to which to send suddenly any great number of workfolks, for lack of victuals; but as the country comes not to Berwik market "for sickness," they will the rather furnish Iland. Where you write that, upon Mr. Man's advertisement and mine, money will be sent; I beg you to consider "what multitude of business I have for so weak a brain, being something perished with the shameful bondage that I am in to the Scots, so that I cannot well take any more charge in hand." Mr. Man is not practised to set forth works in so rude a country, and I shall be forced to do everything; for what seems small to him is evil to get in this poor country, "and the people something of more stubborn nature than in other places where he hath travelled." Also most of my servants are prisoners in Scotland, "not loosed home but extremely handled." The works go very slackly in the castle for lack of carriage. "The sickness in this town doth increase very fast so that the quarry where the stones should be gotton to build withal is made full of lodges for sick folks; and they are so unreasonable that I can by no means, except I should kill them, put them from the said lodges." If the works must go forward we must "take down the traverse or overthwarte wall that should have divided the town into two parts, for lack of stone and carriage." Would know their pleasure before doing so. Part of last provision of wheat proves, upon grinding, very evil, rather bran than flour. Will bake some of it "for a proof." Berwick, 10 May. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add. Endd.: 1545.
10 May.	700. Vaughan to Paget.
R. O.	On Saturday last (fn. n15) my lord of Westminster, Mr. Secretary and I took shipping and were set over with a pleasant gale in four hours. It were good that Davye and the Frenchman were here for the matter of the French ships taken at Hampton. Without them we shall make a bare answer. "As I told you, Davy was evil slandered by Elyott, whose tongue many times is over slippery." The other side leave nothing undone. Tomorrow we meet the other commissaries at Gravelyng. My lord Deputy shows me much favour at the contemplation of your letter, whereof I knew nothing and for which I cannot sufficiently thank you. Calles, 10 May.
	P.S.—How my lady shall be used in my house I know not. Please command all my things as your own. "If any colleges he put down I would I had a piece of some good thing for my money. Your remembrance to the King's Majesty when time is may help me."
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.: 1545.
10 May.	701. William Damesell to Paget.
R. O.	I perceive by sundry letters from Sir John Gresham, that order is taken for 2,000l. st. to be made to me by exchange. I beg to know by bearer, my servant, whether the King "doth not take that the 1,500li. st. first delivered in prest upon this bargain of gunpowder doth still remain in the hands of these men, and the same not to be rebated until the last receipt of the rest of the powder yet in their custody, according to the bargain made with them; for at any other point I cannot bring them by no means." Meanwhile I will entreat them to have patience six or eight days longer. The days for the receipt of the rest of the powder now approach. I have laden in two of our ships here 1,200 and odd Italian hacquebutes and have also caused to pass upon my passport some provided by Chr. Carkano. Now I am providing the 4,000 spars. Frances Pyemond, the courrier, wills me to write that he tarries here only for answer of Jasper Duche who has "written hither to him that this next day he will be here and make him answer, and so will go from hence into England with the said France." Andwerpe, 10 May 1545.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.