Henry V: May 1413

Parliament Rolls of Medieval England. Originally published by Boydell, Woodbridge, 2005.

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'Henry V: May 1413', in Parliament Rolls of Medieval England, (Woodbridge, 2005) pp. . British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/parliament-rolls-medieval/may-1413 [accessed 25 March 2024]

In this section

1413 May

Introduction 1413

Westminster

15 May - 9 June

(C 65/73. RP , IV.3-14. SR , II.170-4)

C 65/73 is a roll of nine membranes, each measuring 380mm. (15 ins) in width, sewn together in chancery style and numbered at the head and foot in a later hand. The text, written in a small, clear, chancery script, occupies the rectos of the membranes only. An identification of the parliament - 'parliamentum anno primo H. 5' - is to be found on the dorse of each membrane. Apart from this the dorse of the roll is blank. A loose leaf of parchment stitched to m. 6 bears information, written in a contemporary hand, relating to item 19. Although the condition of the roll is generally good, certain membranes (9, 6, 5, 1) are stained with gallic acid. The lower halves of membranes 7 and 6 have been left blank. The headings for the main business of parliament are contemporary, while those for the common petitions are later. Marginal Arabic numerals throughout the text are in a later hand, although the Roman numerals accompanying the common petitions are contemporary. A change of hand occurs at the beginning of membrane 6 and this hand is responsible for the common petitions occupying the remainder of the roll.

Henry IV died on 20 March 1413. On the following day his son, Henry V, succeeded to the throne, and on 22nd he issued writs for a parliament to meet at Westminster on Monday 15 May. The names of the lords who received individual summonses were:

Lords spiritual: The archbishops of Canterbury and York, and the bishops of London, Winchester, Lincoln, Bath and Wells, Coventry and Lichfield, Ely, Norwich, Chichester, Hereford, Exeter, Salisbury, Carlisle, Worcester, Rochester, Llandaff, Durham, St David's and Bangor; (fn. f1413int-1) the abbots of Peterborough, St John's Colchester, Bury St Edmunds, Abingdon, St Mary's York, Waltham Holy Cross, St Albans, Bardney, St Benet Hulme, Glastonbury, Malmesbury, Reading, Crowland, Selby, Battle, Westminster, Shrewsbury, Cirencester, St Peter's Gloucester, Thorney, Evesham, Ramsey, Hyde by Winchester, Winchcombe, and St Augustine's Canterbury; the prior of Coventry, and the prior of St John of Jerusalem in England.

Lords temporal: The earls of Devon, Arundel, Westmorland, Salisbury, and Warwick, and the earl marshal; Hugh Stafford, Edward Charlton of Powys, William Clinton, Thomas de la Warre, John Oldcastle, Henry le Scrope of Masham, William Roos of Helmsley, Henry Fitzhugh, William Ferrers of Groby, Thomas Morley, Hugh Burnell, Thomas Berkeley, John de Welles, Ralph Cromwell, Ralph baron Greystoke, Thomas Dacre of Gilsland, John Harrington, (fn. f1413int-2) Robert Willoughby, John Lovell of Tichmarsh, Richard Grey of Codnor, Reginald Grey of Ruthin, Peter Mauley, Thomas Camoys, William la Zouche of Harringworth, Henry de Beaumont, William de Botreaux, John Latimer, Richard Strange, Robert Poynings, Gilbert Talbot, John Clifford, and John Talbot of Furnivall.

Of these forty-seven lords spiritual and thirty-eight lords temporal, the only one for whom this was his first summons was John Mowbray, earl marshal, the twenty-year-old brother of Thomas Mowbray, who had been beheaded in 1405 for his part in Archbishop Scrope's rebellion. Otherwise the list is almost identical to that used for the parliament summoned by Henry IV to meet in February 1413 - which, on account of his last illness, never met. (fn. f1413int-3)

The names of 251 of the elected members are known: 73 knights and 178 burgesses. More than a quarter of them had connections of one sort or another with the crown, (fn. f1413int-4) which - combined with the fact that a new king was always likely to be given the benefit of the doubt - probably helps to explain the generally compliant mood of this parliament. However, Henry did not by any means have it all his own way: on the question of the role and duties of the speaker, in particular, the commons were quick to assert their rights when they felt them to be threatened.

Following the roll-call and the opening speech (delivered by Bishop Henry Beaufort of Winchester) in the Painted Chamber on Monday 15 May, the commons were told to meet at seven o'clock the next morning to elect their speaker, and to present him to the king an hour later. In fact, it was not until Thursday 18th that they put forward the name of William Stourton, a lawyer from Wiltshire (but representing Dorset on this occasion) who was sitting in his sixth parliament since 1401. (fn. f1413int-5) Stourton immediately asked to be excused on account of (among other things) his 'bodily infirmity', but the king declared himself satisfied with the commons' choice and ordered him to assume the task; whereupon Stourton requested, and was granted, the customary 'protestation' that anything which he might say which did not have the agreement of his colleagues could subsequently be corrected by their advice. Four days later, on Monday 22nd, Stourton again came before the king and the lords and made various requests for 'good governance', pointing out that similar requests had often been granted by Henry IV, 'but our lord the king was well aware of how this was subsequently fulfilled and carried out'. This frank reminder of his father's failings evidently put the new king on his guard, for he replied by asking Stourton to set down the commons' complaints in writing, whereupon he would endeavour to remedy them; and Stourton agreed to do so. On Thursday 25th, however, a deputation from the commons led not by Stourton but by John Doreward (MP for Essex) came before the king to complain that the speaker's agreement to put their complaints in writing had been given 'without the advice and assent of his companions', and asking the king whether, instead of the complete text of their requests, he would accept 'a schedule briefly outlining the articles'; to which Henry agreed, at the same time excusing them for the 'grant and promise made to him' earlier by Stourton.

Not until the end of the following week was the final act of this little sideshow played out: on Saturday 3 June, the commons informed the king that Stourton 'now lay so ill in his bed' that he could no longer perform his office, and asked him to accept Doreward instead; which, despite the usual protestations from Doreward, was soon agreed. Were it not for the fact that William Stourton made his will on 20 July and died in September, it would be easy to see the explanation for his resignation simply as a charade to mask the unpleasant fact of his dismissal by his colleagues (for he had clearly irritated them). In fact, it is more likely that his illness provided his colleagues with the most timely of excuses, but it is worth noting that it also provided the commons with an early opportunity to remind Henry V that the management of parliament was a sensitive process, and that the speaker was 'the servant of the house and not of the king'. (fn. f1413int-6)

It was also on Saturday 3 June, according to the roll, that several further decisions were taken. An early opportunity was taken to try to regulate the expenses of the royal household when Henry announced that it would be given preference on revenues amounting to £10,000 which had formerly been used to satisfy crown annuitants. (fn. f1413int-7) The question of Henry IV's debts was also tackled, the new king agreeing to pay 25,000 marks (£16,666) to his father's executors over the next four years so that they could be paid off, in return for which he would receive all Henry IV's goods and chattels. (fn. f1413int-8) In response to several petitions from the commons, the king also agreed that the 1404 statute ordering the expulsion of aliens (including Welsh and Irish) (fn. f1413int-9) should now be put into effect, although he reserved to himself the right to exclude 'those whom it pleased him to exclude'. Having thus both shown himself willing to accommodate the wishes of the commons, and given an indication of serious intent to rein in royal extravagance, Henry received his reward when, on Friday 9 June, the last day of the parliament, the commons renewed the wool subsidy for four years and tunnage and poundage for one year, and voted him one tenth and fifteenth. (fn. f1413int-10) By way of acknowledgement of their generosity, he concluded the proceedings with the proclamation of a general pardon for all crimes (with specified exceptions) committed before 15 May, provided that individual charters of pardon were purchased before Christmas by those who wished to benefit. About 800 persons seem to have done so. (fn. f1413int-11)

Of the twenty-four petitions submitted by the commons, three are especially worthy of note. The question of parliamentary elections was raised once more, as it had been on various occasions during the previous reign. The particular concern of the commons this time was carpetbaggers: knights and burgesses, they said, should be resident in the shires or boroughs which they represented at the time when the election was held, as should those who elected them. They also complained that ecclesiastical ordinaries were in the habit of charging excessive sums to grant probate, (fn. f1413int-12) as a result of which executors were frequently unable to fulfil the last wishes of testators. Henry declared that he would refer this matter to the prelates, but, despite the fact the subject was raised again in the next parliament, it was not until 1416 that legislation was drawn up establishing a scale of charges for probate. A further complaint against ordinaries was that they were imposing fines of £2 or more on persons found guilty of 'the great sin of adultery, or of lechery'; according to the commons, not only was this ineffective as a means of discouragement, but it also impoverished those found guilty, and they suggested that instead corporal punishment should be the normal penalty. Once again, the king referred the matter to the prelates.

On 9 June, therefore, following a generally amicable and not especially productive session lasting four weeks, parliament was dissolved, the members being treated two days later to the customary closing banquet in Westminster Hall, at a cost to the king of just over £151. (fn. f1413int-13) Yet, although the 1413 parliament was doubtless a pleasant change from the acrimonious assemblies of the previous reign, some clear markers had been put down for the future. The question of law and order, in particular, was one which evidently concerned the commons deeply: Stourton's first set of requests to the king, on 22 May, had included a reference to a recent outbreak of violence at Cirencester abbey and 'the many other riots which occur from one day to the next in various parts of the realm'. It was a message which was not lost on Henry, as he would demonstrate at the next parliament with a series of major enactments designed to curb lawlessness. Finally, it is worth noting that although the ten statutes enacted as a result of the 1413 parliament were all based on petitions submitted by the commons, six of these statutes included (as a consequence of subsequent intervention by the king and his legal advisors) significant amendments from the original petitions - a practice which was distinctly unwelcome to the commons, who complained about it in the following parliament. (fn. f1413int-14) Once again, Henry was being reminded that there were limits to the latitude allowed to even a new and popular king in his attempts to get parliament to do his bidding.

Text and translation

[p. iv-3]
[col. a]
< PARLIAMENTUM DE ANNO PRIMO HENRICI QUINTI. > THE PARLIAMENT OF THE FIRST YEAR OF HENRY V.
[memb. 9]
Rotulus parliamenti tenti apud Westmonasterium, a die Pasche in tres septimanas, anno regni regis Henrici quinti post conquestum primo. The roll of the parliament held at Westminster, three weeks after Easter in the first year of the reign of King Henry the fifth since the conquest.
Pronunciation de parlement. [The opening of parliament].
1. Fait a remembrer, qe lundy le quinszisme jour de May, qe feust le lundy a trois semaignes de Pasqe, et le primer jour du parlement, nostre soveraign seignur le roy seant [en son see roial en] la chambre depeynte, et les seignurs espirituelx et temporelx, et auxint les chivalers des countes, citeyns, et burgeoises, venuz au dit parlement pur tout la commune du roialme, illeoqes adonqes esteantz, monseignur l'evesqe de Wyncestre, uncle au roy, et chaunceller d'Engleterre, par comandement de mesme nostre seignur le roy, pronuncea et declara la cause de sommons du dit parlement en la fourme q'enseute: 1. The opening of parliament. Be it remembered that on Monday 15 May, which was the Monday three weeks after Easter and the first day of parliament - with our sovereign lord the king seated on his royal throne in the Painted Chamber, and the lords spiritual and temporal and also the knights of the counties, citizens and burgesses who had been summoned to the said parliament on behalf of all the commons of the realm being present there at that time - our lord the bishop of Winchester, the king's uncle and the chancellor of England, by order of our same lord the king, announced and declared the reason for the summoning of the said parliament in the following manner:
2.En primes, coment, al reverence de Dieux et de seinte esglise, le roy avoit grauntez et confermez, et graunta et conferma, qe seinte esglise ait et rejoise ses libertees et fraunchises par ses nobles progenitours bien grauntez, et par les ercevesqes, evesqes, abbes, priours, et autres gentz de seinte esglise, et leur predecessours, duement eues et uses. 2. Firstly, that out of reverence for God and holy church the king has granted and confirmed, and grants and confirms, that holy church shall have and enjoy its liberties and franchises properly granted by his noble progenitors, and duly held and exercised by the archbishops, bishops, abbots, priors and other persons of holy church, and their predecessors.
Et auxint, qe nostre dit seignur le roy graunta et conferma as toutz autres seignurs temporelx, citees, et burghes, q'ils aient lour libertees et fraunchises, a eux en mesme le manere par ses ditz nobles progenitours bien grauntez, et par eux duement usez. Item, secundement, mesme nostre seignur le roy, pur le bien de luy et de tout soun roialme, et partant q'il vorroit estre conseillez par les pluis sages et discretes de soun roialme, il avoit envoiez pur les ditz seignurs, chivalers, citeins, et burgeoises, d'estre a soun dit parlement, pur avoir lour advis de ce qe leur semble mieulx solonc lour discretioun: endisant, q'a chescune chose a comencer il bosoigne bone conseil, et sur ce prist a son theame les paroles q'enseuent: Ante omnem actum consilium stabile. (fn. iv-3-13-1) Et sur ce aleggea molt sagement et discretement pleuseures bones et nobles auctoritees et notabilitees; et en especial rehercea, qe nostre dit seignur le roy vorroit avoir lour bone advis et conseil, coment bone et sufficeant ordinance purroit estre fait pur trois choses en especial; c'estassavoir, pur due et competent sustenance [de son haut et] roial estat. Secundement, pur bone governance et maintenance de ses loies deins le roialme. Tiercement, pur cherier les estrangiers ses amys, et outre ce de faire resistence encontre ses enemys dehors le roialme. Pur quelx choses y covient d'avoir bone et sufficeant conseil en especial. Et partant qe mesme nostre seignur le roy ne vorroit faire sanz advis et bone conseil des ditz seignurs espirituelx et temporelx, et auxi de les communes suisditz, il ad envoiez pur eux a present d'avoir lour bone conseil et advys en cestes matires; et sur ce faire ce qe serra plaisant a luy toutpuissant, et pluis expedient et profitable pur le bien de luy et de tout soun roialme. Et pur ce qe nostre dit seignur le roy voet qe droit et owel justice [col. b] soit fait a toutz ses lieges, sibien povres come riches, si ascuny soit ou se voet compleindre de ascun mal ou tort a luy fait, q'il mette avaunt sa peticioun parentre cy et vendredy proschein as receivours des petitions assignez, les nouns des queux, et auxint les triours d'icelles, en la fourme q'apres enseute. Et acestes choses par l'aide de Dieux bien parfaire, et a bone fin perfournir celle partie, moun dit seignur le chanceller, par commaundement du roy, chargea les ditz chivalers, citeins, et burgeoises, d'estre ensemble en lour lieu accustume deins l'abbeie de Westm', lendemayn enseuant, al sept del clokke a matyn, pur eslier lour commune parlour, et de luy presenter au roy a oept del < clokke mesme le jour. Et comanda > outre as toutz les seignurs espirituelx et temporelx d'estre illeoqes a mesme la heure de oept. In addition, that our said lord the king grants and confirms to all other lords temporal, cities, and boroughs that they shall have their liberties and franchises properly granted to them in the same manner by his said noble progenitors, and duly exercised by them. Also, secondly, our same lord the king, for the good of himself and all his kingdom, and because he wished to be counselled by the most wise and discreet men of his kingdom, sent for the said lords, knights, citizens and burgesses to attend his said parliament so that he might gain their advice according to their discretion as seemed best to them; explaining that in every matter to be undertaken, he needed good counsel, and thereupon he took as his theme the following words. 'Consultation precedes every action.' (fn. iv-3-13-1) And in support of this he most wisely and discreetly cited many good and noble authorities and noteworthy remarks; and he especially reiterated that our said lord the king wished to have their good advice and counsel so that good and sufficient ordinance might be made on three matters in particular; namely, the proper and effective support of his high royal estate. Secondly, good governance and the upholding of his laws within the realm. Thirdly, the nurturing of his foreign allies, and also the resisting of his enemies outside the kingdom. For which purposes there is a special need for good and sufficient advice. And because our same lord the king would not wish to act without the advice and good counsel of the said lords spiritual and temporal, and also the aforesaid commons, he has sent for them at this time to gain their good counsel and advice in these matters; and subsequently to do whatever will be pleasing to his highness and will be most expedient and beneficial to the welfare of himself and all his kingdom. And because our said lord the king wishes that fair and impartial justice [col. b] shall be done to all his lieges, poor men as well as rich, if anyone should or should wish to complain of any wrong or crime done him, he should hand in his petition betweennow and next Friday [19 May] to the assigned receivers of petitions whose names, as well as those of the triers of the same, are given in the list which follows. And to perform these tasks well, with the aid of God, and to bring this matter to a satisfactory conclusion, my said lord the chancellor, by order of the king, charged the said knights, citizens and burgesses to assemble in their customary place within the abbey of Westminster on the morrow at seven o'clock in the morning to elect their common speaker, and to present him to the king at eight o'clock the same day. He also ordered all the lords spiritual and temporal to be there at the same hour of eight.
3. Receivours des peticions d'Engleterre, Irland, Gales et Escoce:

  • Sire Johan Wakeryng
  • Sire Johan Chitterne
  • Sire Johan Rome.
3. Receivers of petitions from England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland:

  • Sir John Wakering
  • Sir John Chittern
  • Sir John Rome.
4. Receivours des peticions de Gascoigne, et des autres terres et paiis pardelea la mer, et des Isles:

  • Sire Johan Roderham
  • Sire Johan Hertilpole
  • Sire Henry Maupas.
4. Receivers of petitions from Gascony, and from other lands and countries overseas, and from the Channel Islands:

  • Sir John Roderham
  • Sir John Hartlepool
  • Sir Henry Maupas.
Et ceux qi veullent liverer lour peticions les baillent avant parentre cy et vendredy proschein. And those who wish to submit their petitions should hand them in between now and next Friday.
[p. iv-4]
[col. a]
5. Et sont assignez triours des peticions d'Engleterre, Irland, Gales, et Escoce:

  • L'ercevesqe de Canterbirs
  • L'evesqe de Londres
  • L'evesqe de Duresme
  • L'abbe de Seint Alban
  • L'abbe de Westm'
  • Le cont de Warrewyk
  • Le cont de Westmerl'
  • Le sire de Burnell
  • Le sire de Ferrerys
  • Monsire William Hankeford
  • Monsire William Thirnyng
  • Robert Tirwhit.
5. The following are assigned to be triers of petitions from England, Ireland, Wales, and Scotland:

  • The archbishop of Canterbury
  • The bishop of London
  • The bishop of Durham
  • The abbot of St Albans
  • The abbot of Westminster
  • The earl of Warwick
  • The earl of Westmorland
  • Lord Burnell
  • Lord Ferrers
  • Sir William Hankford
  • Sir William Thirning
  • Robert Tirwhit.
Toutz ensemble, ou .vi. des prelatz et seignurs avauntditz au meins; appellez a eux les chanceller, tresorer, seneschalle et chamberleyn, et auxint les sergeantz du roy, quaunt y bosoignera. Et tiendront lour place en la chambre de chamberleyn, pres de la chambre depeynte. To act all together, or at least six of the aforesaid prelates and lords, consulting with the chancellor, treasurer, steward and chamberlain, as well as the king's serjeants, when necessary. And they shall hold their session in the Chamberlain's Chamber, near the Painted Chamber.
6. Et sont assignez triours des peticions de Gascoigne, et des autres terres et paiis depardelea la mer, et des Isles:

  • L'ercevesqe d'Everwyk
  • L'evesqe d'Ely
  • L'evesqe de Bathe
  • L'abbe de Waltham
  • L'abbe de Ramesey
  • Le cont de Sarum
  • Le cont de Suff'
  • Le sire de Roos
  • Le sire de Berkeley,
  • Monsire Hugh Huls
  • Robert Hulle
  • Johan Cokayn.
6. The following are assigned to be triers of petitions from Gascony and from other lands and countries overseas, and from the Channel Islands:

  • The archbishop of York
  • The bishop of Ely
  • The bishop of Bath
  • The abbot of Waltham
  • The abbot of Ramsey
  • The earl of Salisbury
  • The earl of Suffolk
  • Lord Roos
  • Lord Berkeley
  • Sir Hugh Huls
  • Robert Hull
  • John Cokayn.
Toutz ensemble, ou .vi. des prelatz et seignurs avauntditz au meins; appellez a eux les chanceller, tresorer, seneschalle, et chamberleyn, et auxint les sergeantz du roy, quaunt y bosoignera. Et tiendront lour place en la chambre marcolf. To act all together, or at least six of the aforesaid prelates and lords, consulting with the chancellor, treasurer, steward, and chamberlain, and also the king's serjeants, when necessary. And they shall hold their session in the Marcolf Chamber.
Presentacioun de parlour. [Presentation of the speaker].
7. Jeody, le .xviij. e jour de May les communes viendrent devaunt le roy et les seignurs en parlement et presenterent William Stourton pur lour commune parlour, a qi le roy s'agrea bien. Et sur ce le dit parlour pria au roy de luy avoir excusez, pur trois choses; c'estassavoir, a cause de soun petit estat, noun sufficiantie de science, et infirmitee de corps. Et le dit roy disoit qe partaunt qe ses compaignons luy avoient esluz, il vorroit bien qe lour eleccioun estoise en sa force, et luy commanda de ce prendre sur luy. Et apres ce le dit parlour pria, q'il purra parler dessoutz tiele protestacioun come autres parlours avoient fait pardevaunt. Et le roy luy ottroia q'il aueroit tiele protestacioun come autres q'avoient este parlours devaunt ces heures ont eue el temps de les nobles progenitours mesme nostre seignur le roy. Et outre ce, pria le dit parlour a nostre seignur le roy, qe s'il parleroit riens autrement qe n'estoit accordez par ses ditz compaignons, q'il se purroit corriger et refourmer par lour bone advis. Et pria auxi qe s'il parleroit riens, ou si ascun parol luy eschaperoit, par ignorance, < en desplesance > du roy, qe Dieux defende, qe mesme nostre seignur le roy de sa benigne grace luy vorroit ent tenir excusez, et de l'accepter come chose faite de negligence, et de nulle malvoise voluntee ne entencione. A quoy le roy s'agrea bien. 7. Presentation of the speaker. On Thursday 18 May, the commons came before the king and the lords in parliament and presented William Stourton as their common speaker, whom the king readily accepted. Whereupon, the said speaker prayed of the king that he might excuse him, for three reasons; namely, on account of his low estate, insufficient knowledge and bodily infirmity. And the said king explained that because his companions had elected him, he earnestly wished that their election should remain in force, and he ordered him to take this upon himself. After this, the said speaker prayed that he might speak under the same protestation as other speakers had done previously. And the king agreed that he might be allowed the same protestation as others had had, those who had been speakers in the past, in the time of the noble progenitors of our same lord the king. Furthermore, the said speaker prayed of our lord the king that if he were to say anything in a way which had not been agreed upon by his said companions, that he might be corrected and put right by their good advice. He also prayed that if he should say anything, or if any word should escape his lips, through ignorance, thereby causing displeasure to the king, which God forbid, that our same lord the king of his benign grace might hold him excused for it and accept it as a thing bred of negligence, rather than malevolent wish or intent. The king wholeheartedly agreed to this.
Requestes faitz par les communes. [Requests made by the commons].
8. Item, lundy le .xxij. jour de May viendrent les communes devaunt le roy et les seignurs en parlement, et illeoqes le dit William de Stourton', parlour pur les ditz communes, rehercea coment entre autres articles, [au] temps del pronunciacioun de mesme le parlement, y feust desirrez par le roy, et par advys des [col. b] seignurs et communes illeoqes esteantz, qe bone governance [se purra] faire et estre tenuz et gardez en temps avenir, reherceant, q'en temps nostre seignur le roy soun pier, qe Dieux assoile, y feust pleuseurs foitz requis par les ditz communes de bone governance, et lour requeste grauntee. Mes coment y feust tenuz et perfourne enapres, mesme nostre seignur le roy en ad bone conisance. Et partaunt pria le dit parlour, en noun des ditz communes, qe come Dieux luy ad endowez de graunt seen, et des pleuseurs autres bountees et vertues, qe desorenavaunt bone governance se purra faire et tenir: et par especial en les marches d'Escoce, et pur le sauf garde du mier, et de la ville et marche de Caleys, et de la paiis de Guyene, et de la terre d'Irland, et pur la resistence des rebelles de Gales, et pur cesser les riotes et debates en les marches de Gales; en especial de considerer le riote nadgairs faite a Cirencestre encontre l'abbe et le maisone illeoqes, q'est de la fundacioun nostre seignur le roy; et les pleuseurs autres riotes faites de jour en autre en diverses parties deins le roialme. 8. Requests made by the commons. Also, on Monday 22 May, the commons came before the king and the lords in parliament and there the said William Stourton, speaker for the said commons, recalled how, amongst other articles, at the time of the opening of the same parliament it was desired by the king, with the advice of the [col. b] lords and commons there present, that good governance might be done, such as would be upheld and preserved in time to come; and he recounted how in the time of our lord the king his father, whom God absolve, the said commons had requested good governance on many occasions, and their request had been granted. But our lord the king was well aware of how this was subsequently fulfilled and carried out. And for this reason the said speaker prayed in the name of the said commons that since God had endowed him with great sense, and with many other bounties and virtues, that henceforth he might practise and maintain good governance: in particular in the Scottish marches, and for the safeguard of the sea, and for the town and march of Calais, and for the land of Guyenne, and for the land of Ireland, and in resisting the Welsh rebels, and ending the riots and fighting in the Welsh marches; bearing in mind particularly the riot which recently took place at Cirencester against the abbot and house there, which is of the foundation of our lord the king; and the many other riots which occur from one day to the next in various parts of the realm.
A quoy, par commandement de mesme nostre seignur le roy, feust responduz au dit parlour, q'il, par advis de ses compaignons, mettroit en escript especialment les ditz compleints, et le roy lour vorroit purvoier de remede, par advis des seignurs en parlement, a plus tost qe se purra faire raisonablement. To which, by order of our same lord the king, reply was given to the said speaker that he, with the advice of his companions, should put these specific complaints in writing and the king would provide a remedy for them, with the advice of the lords in parliament, as soon as he could reasonably do this.
[memb. 8]
Certeins articles envoiez par les communes en parlement. [Articles sent by the commons to parliament].
9. Item, jeody le .xxv. jour de May Johan Doreward, et autres certeines persones envoiez depar les communes, viendrent devaunt nostre seignur le roy et les seignurs espirituelx et temporelx esteantz en la chambre de conseil deins la chambre de parlement, et illeoqes rehercea, coment, lundy darreinpasse, y feust desirrez depar le roy, qe les communes bailleroient en parlement les articles dessuis nomez pluis especialment en escript. Et partaunt qe le dit parlour le graunta de le faire sanz advys et assent de ses ditz compaignons, le dit Johan Doreward, en noun des ditz communes, pria au roy, de leur avoir pur excusez, pur certeines causes qe par aventure purroient estre delaie et retardacioun du parlement: et qe pleust au roy nostre seignur d'accepter une cedule briefment appoyntez de les articles dessuisditz. A quoy feust responduz, qe nostre dit seignur le roy voillant monstrer bone seignurie et volentee a ses ditz communes, graciousement accepta la dite cedule, et leur tient bien excusez de les graunte et promesse a luy faitz par le dit parlour en parlement: de quele cedule la tenure s'enseute: 9. Certain articles sent by the commons to parliament. Also, on Thursday 25 May, John Doreward and certain other persons, sent on behalf of the commons, came before our lord the king and the lords spiritual and temporal present in the council chamber within the parliament chamber, and there recounted how on the preceding Monday it had been requested by the king that the commons should submit to parliament the articles listed below, specifically set down in writing. And because the said speaker had agreed for this to be done without the advice and assent of his said companions, the said John Doreward, in the name of the said commons, asked of the said king that he might hold them excused, for certain reasons which might, by chance, cause delay and hindrance to the said parliament: and that it might please our lord the king to accept a schedule briefly outlining the articles below. To which reply was given that our said lord the king would show good lordship and goodwill to his said commons, graciously accept the said schedule, and hold them fully excused for the grant and promise made to him by the said speaker in parliament. The tenor of this schedule follows:
Articles monstrez en presence du roy par le parlour du parlement.

  • Touchant la terre d'Irland'
  • Touchant la marche de Gales
  • Touchant la marche d'Escoce
  • Touchant la marche de Caleys
  • Touchant la duchee de Guyen
  • Touchant la sauf garde de mere
  • Touchant la navie d'Engleterre
  • Touchant establissement de bone governance, ove due obeissance a les loys deins le roialme
  • Touchant seure provisione pur resistence de les enemys.
Articles brought before the king by the speaker in parliament.

  • Concerning the land of Ireland
  • Concerning the march of Wales
  • Concerning the march of Scotland
  • Concerning the march of Calais
  • Concerning the duchy of Guyenne
  • Concerning the safeguard of the sea
  • Concerning the English navy
  • Concerning the establishment of good governance, with due obedience to the laws of the realm
  • Concerning adequate provision for the resistance of enemies.
10. Item, mesmes les jour et lieu, le dit Johan Doreward, en noun des ditz communes, pria a nostre dit seignur le roy, qe la protestacioun faite par le dit William de Stourton pardevaunt en parlement, et par nostre seignur le roy graciousement ottroiez, purra estre acceptez et [p. iv-5][col. a] entrez de record en rolle de parlement. A quoy le roy s'agrea bien. 10. Also, at the same time and place, the said John Doreward, in the name of the said commons, requested of our said lord the king that the protestation previously made by the said William Stourton in parliament, and graciously agreed to by our lord the king, might be accepted and [p. iv-5][col. a] placed on record in the roll of parliament. To this the king fully agreed.
Presentacioun d'autre parlour par cause d'infirmitee. [Presentation of another speaker because of infirmity].
11. Item, samady le tierce jour de Jun les communes viendrent devaunt le roy et les seignurs en parlement, et partaunt qe le dit William de Stourton' lour commune parlour gisoit cy malades en soun lyt q'il ne purroit pluis outre entendre d'occupier le dit office de parlour en mesme le parlement, ils presenterent le dit Johan Doreward pur lour commune parlour en ycelle parlement. Sur quoy le dit Johan Doreward pria au roy de luy avoir pur excusez, pur diverses causes queux il declara illeoqes diversement pluis en especial. A quoy le chaunceller d'Engleterre luy respondi, qe le roy ne luy vorroit aucunement avoir pur excusez, mes luy chargea de l'accepter, et proceder avaunt en dit parlement pur l'esploit d'icelle. Et sur ce pria le dit Johan q'il purroit parler dessoutz protestacioun, en manere come le dit William de Stourton', et autres q'avoient estez parlours pur le commune de roialme avoient fait en temps de soun honurable pier, qe Dieux assoille, et des autres ses nobles progenitours devaunt ces heures. Et responduz feust a dit Johan Doreward, q'il aueroit autiele protestacioun come autres q'avoient estez parlours pur le commune avoient eue en temps des progenitours mesme nostre seignur le roy. 11. Presentation of another speaker because of infirmity. Also, on Saturday 3 June, the commons came before the king and the lords in parliament and, because the said William Stourton their common speaker now lay so ill in his bed that he could no longer think of occupying the said office of speaker in the same parliament, they presented the said John Doreward as their common speaker in the same parliament. Whereupon the said John Doreward prayed of the king that he might hold him excused, for various reasons which he took the trouble to explain there in many ways. To which the chancellor of England gave him reply that the king would not in any way hold him excused, but charged him to accept it and to proceed with the business of the same parliament. And then the said John prayed that he might speak under protestation, in the same way as the said William Stourton and others who had been speakers of the commons of the realm in the time of his honourable father, whom God absolve, and of his other noble progenitors in the past, had done. And reply was given to the said John Doreward that he might be allowed the same protestation as others who had been speakers for the commons had had in the time of the progenitors of our same lord the king.
Qe le roy soit preferrez. [Preference granted to the king on certain revenues].
12. Item, accordez est et assentuz par le roy et les seignurs, a la requeste des communes en parlement, qe sur les paiements affairs de les annuitees grauntez as diverses persones par les lettres patents des rois, mesme nostre seignur le roy, pur sustenance et supportacioun de soun honurable estat, et de les graundes charges, costages, et dispenses de soun hostiel, chambre, et garderobe, soit preferrez de .x. mille livers annuelment. Et icelle preferrement accomplie, soient les persones dessuisdites paiez de lour dites annuitees solonc les fourme et effect de lour lettres patentes a eux ent faites. Purveuz toutesfoitz, qe les seignurs et autres persones q'ont lour annuitees enheritablement, soient paiez de mesmes lour annuitees solonc les fourme et effect de leur chartres et lettres patentes ent faites, nonobstant le preferrement avauntdit. 12. That the king should be allowed preference. Also, it wasagreed and assented by the king and the lords, at the request of the commons in parliament, that from the payments to be made of the annuities granted to various people by the king's letters patent, our same lord the king, for the sustenance and support of his honourable estate, and for the great burdens, costs and expenses of his household, chamber and wardrobe, should be allowed preference amounting to £10,000 annually. And after this same allowance had been deducted, the persons mentioned below should be paid their said annuities in accordance with the form and effect of the letters patent made for them on this. Provided at all times that lords and other people who have their annuities by right of inheritance should be paid their same annuities in accordance with the form and effect of their charters and letters patent made on this, notwithstanding the aforesaid allowance.
Pur les executours de darrein roy Henry. [Letters patent on behalf of the executors of King Henry IV].
13. Item, certeines lettres patentes feurent faites pur les executours du roy Henry, pier nostre seignur le roy q'orest, en la fourme q'enseute: Henricus, Dei gratia, Rex Anglie et Francie, et Dominus Hibernie, omnibus ad quos presentes littere pervenerint, salutem. Sciatis, quod cum recolende memorie Dominus Henricus, nuper rex Anglie, pater noster, cogitans diem exitus sui appropinquare, ac pie desiderans dum adhuc ageret in humanis, precipue pauperibus ligeis suis, quibus in diversis pecuniarum summis erat astrictus, satisfacere, et aliis pietatis operibus saluti anime sue salubriter providere, testamentum suum condiderit, in quo, de bonis et catallis sibi a Deo collatis creditoribus suis primo satisfieri, ac certa legata solvi, et nonnulla pietatis opera excerceri et impleri, disposuit, venerabilibus patribus, Henrico archiepiscopo Ebor', Thoma episcopo Dunolm', ac Johanne Pelham, Roberto Waterton', et Johanne Leventhorp', nominatis executoribus; necnon nobis, et consanguineo nostro Thoma archiepiscopo Cantuar', supervisoribus ad hoc deputatis; qui quidem archiepiscopus Ebor', episcopus, Johannes, Robertus, et Johannes, advertentes bona et catalla ipsius patris nostri ad persolucionem debitorum suorum et aliorum in testamento predicto dispositorum non sufficere, execucionem testamenti hujusmodi admittere renuunt et recusant, et sic disposicio testamenti bonorum et catallorum hujusmodi [col. b] ad dictum consanguineum nostrum, tanquam ad ordinarium de jure pertineret, ac bona et catalla predicta pro satisfaccione et solucione, et aliis predictis implendis, vendicioni publice exponi deberent; 13. On behalf of the executors of the late King Henry. Also, certain letters patent were drawn up for the executors of King Henry, father of our lord the present king, in the following style: - Henry, by the grace of God king of England and France and lord of Ireland, to all whom these present letters shall reach, greetings. Know that Lord Henry, of honourable memory, formerly king of England, our father, believing the day of his death to be near, and piously desiring while he could still act in human affairs, in order to make amends in particular to his poor lieges to whom he was bound in various sums of money, and to provide fully for the salvation of his soul by other pious works, drew up his will, in which he first arranged to satisfy his creditors from the goods and chattels conferred on him by God, and to make certain bequests, and to execute and perform several other works of piety; the venerable fathers Henry archbishop of York, Thomas bishop of Durham, John Pelham, Robert Waterton and John Leventhorpe having been named executors; and us and our kinsman Thomas, archbishop of Canterbury, having been chosen to be supervisors of this. However, the archbishop of York, the bishop, John, Robert and John, considering the goods and chattels of this our father to be insufficient for the payment of his debts and the other things provided for in the said will, declined and refused to allow execution of this will, and thus the disposition of the goods and chattels in this will [col. b] devolves upon our said kinsman, acting as an ordinary by law; and the aforesaid goods and chattels ought to be placed on public sale for the satisfaction, payment and fulfilment of the aforesaid things.
14. Nos, attendentes bona et catalla predicta nobis et nostris usibus fore accommoda, ac honestius esse bona et catalla illa penes nos remanere, quam vendicioni publice aliqualiter, ut premittitur, exponi, eadem bona et catalla ab ipsis qui tempore dicti patris nostri custodiam eorumdem habuerint recepimus, et penes nos retinemus; eorumque valorem per veram estimacionem inde factam, qui ad viginti et quinque milia marcarum se extendit, ut disposicio prefati patris nostri in quantum summa illa sufficere possit exinde perficiatur, ejus que anima misericordiam altissimi < facilius > promereatur, ac nos de bonis et catallis predictis penes Deum et homines simus penitus excusati, prefatis archiepiscopo Ebor', episcopo, Johanni, Roberto, et Johanni concedimus et assignamus per presentes; habendam et percipiendam summam predictam infra quatuor annos proximos sequentes post datum presencium, videlicet ad festa Sancti Michelis et Pasche extunc proxima sequentia equis portionibus quatuor milia librarum; et ad festa Sancti Michelis et Pasche extunc proxima sequentia equis porcionibus quatuor milia librarum; et ad festa Sancti Michelis et Pasche extunc proxima sequentia equis porcionibus quatuor milia librarum; et ad festa Sancti Michelis et Pasche extunc proxima sequentia equis porcionibus quatuor milia sexcentas sexaginta et sex libras, tresdecim solidos, et quatuor denarios; ad inde primo creditoribus ipsius patris nostri pro victualibus et expensis hospitii sui, ac necessariis camere, ac garderobe suarum, ab eis emptis; necnon pro pecuniarum summis eidem patri nostro per ipsos creditores mutuatis, juxta sanas discretiones suas satisfaciendas; ac deinde alia pietatis opera juxta disposicionem ipsius patris nostri predictam, si summa hujusmodi ad hoc sufficiat, per supervisum nostrum ac ipsius consanguinei nostri, seu deputatorum nostrorum, facienda et excercenda. Volentes ulterius et concedentes, de assensu dominorum spiritualium et temporalium, ac communitatis regni nostri Anglie in presenti parliamento nostro existentis, quod tam idem consanguineus noster, quam prefatus archiepiscopus Ebor', episcopus, Johannes, Robertus, et Johannes, de omnimodis placitis, querelis, actionibus, et demandis, que per prefatos creditores, vel alios quoscumque, versus prefatum consanguineum nostrum, ratione commissionis administracionis summe predicte prefatis archiepiscopo Ebor', episcopo, Johanni, Roberto et Johanni, per ipsum faciendis; aut versus ipsos archiepiscopum Ebor', episcopum, Johannem, Robertum et Johannem, ratione admissionis administracionis hujusmodi, seu occupacionis, recepcionis, seu deliberacionis summe predicte, vel aliorum bonorum seu catallorum que fuerunt predicti patris nostri quorumcumque, capi, prosequi, vel moveri possint, in futuris quieti sint, et penitus exonerati imperpetuum; aliquo statuto incontrarium facto nonobstante. Volumus tamen, quod iidem archiepiscopus Ebor', episcopus, Johannes, Robertus, et Johannes, omnes denarios quos ipsos de summa predicta recipere et habere continget, circa satisfaccionem debitorum predictorum, ac alia pietatis opera predicta, in forma predicta facienda, fideliter solvant et expendant, per supervisum supradictum: et quod ad compotum sive ratiocinium inde reddendum nisi coram prefato consanguineo nostro, vel ejus successoribus, nullatenus teneantur; aliquo statuto vel ordinacione incontrarium factis, vel alia causa quacumque, nonobstante. In cujus rei testimonium has litteras nostras fieri fecimus patentes. Teste me ipso apud Westm', .xv. die Maii, anno regni nostri primo. 14. We, considering the aforesaid goods and chattels to pertain more properly to us and to our use, and that it would be more honest for those goods and chattels to remain in our possession than for them to be placed on public sale in any way, as said above, received those same goods and chattels from those who had custody of them in the time of our said father, and we retain them in our hands; and in return, we concede and assign to the aforesaid archbishop of York, bishop, John, Robert and John, by these patent letters, their value in accordance with an accurate assessment which has been made, which amounts to 25,000 marks, this being the sum which would suffice for the dispositions of our said father, whereby his soul would more readily merit the mercy of the Most High, and would be sufficient to hold us excused for the said goods and chattels before God and men; and they are to have and receive the aforesaid sum within four years following the date of these present letters: namely, £4,000 next Michaelmas and Easter in equal portions; and at the following Michaelmas and Easter £4,000 in equal portions; and at the next Michaelmas and Easter £4,000 in equal portions; and at the following Michaelmas and Easter £4,666 13s. 4d.; to satisfy first, according to their wise discretion, the creditors of our said father for the victuals and expenses of his household, and the necessities of his chamber and wardrobe bought from them; also for the sums of money borrowed by our father from those creditors; and then for the carrying out and executing of other works of piety in accordance with the disposition of our aforesaid father, if this sum suffices for this; with our supervision and that of our kinsman, or our deputies. Moreover, we wish and concede, by the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal and the community of our kingdom of England attending our present parliament, that this same kinsman of ours, as well as the aforesaid archbishop of York, bishop, John, Robert, and John, should be henceforth quit and completely exonerated in perpetuity from all kinds of pleas, plaints, actions and demands which may be brought, prosecuted or moved by the aforesaid creditors or any others against our aforesaid kinsman, by reason of the commission of the administration of the aforesaid sum made by him to the said archbishop of York, bishop, John, Robert and John; or against the archbishop of York, bishop, John, Robert and John, by reason of their admission to this administration, or their acceptance, receipt or deliberation over the aforesaid sum, or of any other goods and chattels whatsoever which belonged to our aforesaid father; notwithstanding any other statute made to the contrary. We wish, however, that the same archbishop of York, bishop, John, Robert, and John, should faithfully dispense and spend all the money which they should happen to receive and have from the aforesaid sum, in order to meet the aforesaid debts and in the other aforesaid works of piety, to be carried out in the aforesaid form under the aforesaid supervision: and that they shall in no way be obliged to render any account or assessment except to our aforesaid kinsman or his successors; notwithstanding any other statute or ordinance made to the contrary, or for any other reason. In testimony of which we caused these our letters patent to be made. Witnessed by myself at Westminster, 15 May in the first year of our reign.
Per ipsum regem. (fn. iv-3-61a-1) By the king himself. (fn. iv-3-61a-1)
Remoevement des aliens. [Removal of aliens from the kingdom].
15. Item, priez feust par les communes, qe l'estatuit fait l'an quint le roy Henry, pier nostre seignur le roy q'orest, touchant la voidance des aliens hors de roialme, soit tenuz et gardez, et mys en due execucioun. (fn. iv-3-64-1) Et si riens soit fait a contrair, q'il soit repellez. A qi [p. iv-6][col. a] feust responduz, qe le roy le voet; sauvant a luy sa prerogatif, et q'il purra dispenser ovesqe ceux queux luy plerra. Et sur ce les communes responderent, qe lour entencioun ne feust autre, ne jammes serra, par l'aide de Dieux. 15. Removal of aliens. Also, it was prayed by the commons that the statute made in the fifth year of King Henry, father of our lord the present king [1404], concerning the eviction of aliens from the kingdom, should be upheld and preserved, and duly put into practice. (fn. iv-3-64-1) And if anything has been done to the contrary, that it should be repealed. To which [p. iv-6][col. a] reply was given that the king wished it; saving to himself his prerogative, and that he might exclude those whom it pleased him to exclude. Whereupon the commons replied that their intention was nothing other than this, and never would be, with the help of God.
[editorial note: The rest of m.8 is blank.]
[memb. 7]
16. Item, une peticioun feust baillez en parlement par les ditz communes pur Res ap Thomas, en les parols q'enseuent:- A nostre tresexcellent et tresredoute seignur le roy, et as tresreverentz seignurs de cest present parlement, supplie humblement Res ap Thomas, qe come il soit foial et loial liege a nostre dit seignur le roy, et a tout sa vie ad este; et ore est ensy, qe par cause d'un estatuit fait l'an secunde du regne vostre treshonurable pier, qe Dieux assoile, estoit ordeignee, 'qe nulle homme Galois, eiant pier et mier neez en Gales, serroit fait officer ou ministre du roy, ne de nulle autre seignur en Engleterre, ne citezein, ne burgeois, ne riens purchaceroit des terres ou tenementz deins les villes Englois, n'aillours en Engleterre n'en Gales, ne q'il serroit du counseil d'ascuny. (fn. iv-3-67-1) Par force de quel estatuit le dit suppliant ne poet purchacer deins villes Englois, n'aillours enEngleterre n'en Gales, ne q'il purra estre du counsail de nully; laquele chose est trespoisant a dit suppliant, a cause q'il ad ewe tresgraunde damage et destruccioun de ses biens et terres en Gales par les rebelx, come il est bien conuz a toutz les gentils de ses marches, et q'il ad tenuz toutditz sa foialte et ligeance < a nostre soveraign seignur le roy et a sa corone. > [On behalf of Rhys ap Thomas.]16. Also, a petition was submitted to parliament by the said commons on behalf of Rhys ap Thomas, in the words which follow: To our most excellent and most feared lord the king and to the most reverent lords of this present parliament, the humble request of Rhys ap Thomas: whereas he is a faithful and loyal liege of our said lord the king, and has been all his life; yet now it is the case that, because of a statute made in the second year of the reign of your most honourable father, whom God absolve, it wasordained that no Welshman, having a father and mother born in Wales, shall be made an officer or minister of the king, or of any other lord in England, or a citizen or burgess, or purchase any lands or tenements within English towns, or elsewhere in England and Wales, or be on anyone's council. (fn. iv-3-67-1) By force of which statute the said supplicant is not able to make purchases either within English towns or elsewhere in England and Wales, nor can he be on anyone's council; all of which is most disadvantageous to the said supplicant, because he has suffered very great damage and destruction of his goods and lands in Wales at the hands of the rebels, as is well known to all the people of his marches, and he has continually maintained his fidelity and allegiance to our sovereign lord the king and his crown.
Sur quoy plese a vous, treshonurez seignurs, de vostre sage discrecioun, considerez les matires suisdites, de supplier a nostre dit seignur le roy en ycest present parlement, de faire modificacioun et declaracioun de l'estatuit avauntdit a dit Res, si q'il, et toutz ses heirs et issues soient et purront estre si frankes, privileges, et hables, come autres loialx lieges Englois nostre dit seignur le roy ou de ses heirs sont, ou estre purront, et d'estre officer, ministre, citizeine, et burgeois, et de counseille des seignurs et d'autres persones queconqes, et de purchacer terres et tenementz, rentes et possessions, deins le roialme d'Engleterre, sibien deins villes Englois come dehors, et auxi en Gales; et de faire toutz autres choses come autres lieges nostre dit seignur le roy fount, ou ferront: et outre ce, q'il, et ses heirs et issues, soit, et soient, tenuz, reputez, et tretez, come verrois Englois lieges nostre dit seignur le roy, ou de ses heirs, en toutz pointz. Et qe la declaracioun de soun povere estat et loialte touchant luy, ses heirs, et issues, soit overtement conue en ycest present parlement envers nostre dit seignur le roy, et ses heirs, sibien de tout temps passe come pur temps avenir, sanz ascune diseaise, grevance, molestacioun, ou empechement ceste partie envers vous et voz heirs pur toutz jours: nonobstant le dit estatuit, ou ascun autre estatuit ou ordinance fait acontrarie, en ce qe le dit Res est homme Galois, nee et engendree des pier et miere neez en Gales. Et ce pur Dieu, et en oevre de charitee. On account of which, may it please your most honoured lords, at your wise discretion, considering the aforesaid matters, to request of our said lord the king in this present parliament that he permit a modification and declaration of the aforesaid statute for the said Rhys, to the effect that he and all his heirs and issue might and will be as free, privileged and able as other loyal English lieges of our said lord the king or his heirs are or may be, and be able to become an officer, minister, citizen, burgess or member of the council of lords and any other persons whatsoever, and to purchase lands and tenements, rents and possessions in the kingdom of England, both within English towns as well as outside them, and also in Wales; and to do all the other things that other lieges of our said lord the king do or may do: and in addition that he and his heirs and issue shall be regarded, considered and treated as true English lieges of our said lord the king and of his heirs in all respects. And that the declaration of his humble estate and loyalty in relation to himself, his heirs and issue be publicly acknowledged in this present parliament by our said lord the king and his heirs, for time past as well as for time to come, without any trouble, grievance, molestation, or accusation in this matter against you and your heirs forever; notwithstanding the said statute or any other statute or ordinance made to the contrary with respect to the fact that the said Rhys is a Welshman, born and engendered of a father and mother born in Wales. And this for God and by way of charity.
Quele peticioun lue et entendue feust respondue en la fourme q'enseute: Le roy le voet. (fn. iv-3-69-1) This petition having been read and understood, reply was given in the following manner: The king wills it. (fn. iv-3-69-1)
17. Al honour de Dieu, et pur la graunt amour et affeccioun qe voz poveres communes de vostre roialme d'Engleterre ont a vous nostre tresredoute seignur le roy, pur le bien du roialme, et bone governance en temps avenir, voz ditz poevers communes, par assent des seignurs espirituelx et temporelx, le noefisme jour de Juyn, l'an de vostre regne primer, en vostre parlement tenuz a Westm', grauntont a vous nostre seignur soveraigne, pur defens de vostre roialme d'Engleterre, la subside des leyns, quirs, et peaux lanutz, pur estre levez de le fest de Seint Michel proschein avenir en quatre ans entiers proscheins enseuantz, en la fourme q'ensuyt. C'estassavoir, des marchantz denzeins, pur la sak de leyn xliij s. iiij d. et [col. b] de chescun .ccxl. peaux lanutz xliij s. iiij d. et de chescun last des quirs c s. passant hors du roialme. Et des marchantz aliens, pur chescun sak de leyn l s.; et de chescun .ccxl. peaux lanutz l s.; et de chescun last des quirs cvi s. viij d. passant hors du roialme. Et ensement voz ditz poevres communes, par assent suisdit, pur la sauf garde de mere grauntont a vous nostre tresredoute seignur, iij s. de chescun tonelle de vyn entrant en le dit roialme et passant hors d'icelle; forspris les tonelx de vyn prisez pur la prise a vostre oeps. Et auxint les ditz communes, par assent suisdit, grauntont a vous pur le dit sauf garde de mere, xij d. de la livre de chescune manere de marchaundise venant en le dit roialme, et passant hors d'icelle: forspris leyns, quirs, et peaux lanutz. Et forspris chescun manere de blee, flour, et pessone rees, et bestaille, entrant en le dit roialme. Et forspris cervoise q'est amesne hors du roialme pur vitailler vostre ville de Caleys par gentz des villes de Baldesey, Faltenham, et Alderton' sur Gosford, et aillours, come ils sont chargiez puis la conquest du dite ville de Caleys. A prendre et receiver mesmes les iij s. de tonell de vyn, et xij d. de la livre, de le fest de Seint Michel proschein avenir tanqe al fest de Seint Michel en un an entier lors proschein enseuant. Sur condicioun qe les marchantz denzeins et aliens venantz en le roialme d'Engleterre ove lour marchandises soient bien et honestment tretez et demesnez ove lour marchandises, enpaiantz la dite subside de xij d. de la livre de lour marchandises solonqe l'afferant qe les marchandises cousterent depardela: et q'ils soient croiez par lour serementz, ou par lour lettres. Et si fauxine soit trove en les ditz marchantz, q'ils paient ent la double subside de ce q'est trove nient custume, sanz autre forfaiture ou novelrie paier; come ils feurent tretez et demesnez en temps de vostre pier, qe Dieu assoille, et de voz nobles progenitours roys d'Engleterre, sanz oppressioun et extorsioun faire a les marchantz avauntditz. Et qe les citizeins et burgeys soient tretez en pursuant et fesant lour fyns pur lour libertees et fraunchises avoir, come ils feurent tretez en temps de roy vostre pier, qe Dieu assoille, et de voz nobles progenitours roys d'Engleterre. Et outre ce, voz ditz communes eiantz consideracioun a les estmarche et westmarche d'Escoce, et a les marches de Gales, et la terre d'Irland, et a les marches de Caleys, et la terre de Guyen, et sauf garde de mere, pur entier affiance qe voz ditz poevres communes ount < en vous nostre tres soveraign seignur, > et al entent qe, ove l'aide de Dieux, par vostre graciouse et bone governance en temps avenir les ditz communes sont en bone espoir d'estre deschargiez de tieux subsides, et tonnage et pondage, et taxes et taillages, en temps avenir, par assent suisdit, pur defense du roialme, et sauf garde de mere, grauntont a vous nostre tresgracious seignur, un entier quinzisme, et une entier disme, pur estre levez des leys gentz, en manere accustume: c'estassavoir, l'une moite a la fest de Seynt Martyn en yver proschein avenir, et l'autre moite a le fest de Pasqe lors proschein enseuant; sur condicioun, qe la mere soit bien et suffisantement gardez, en salvacioun del navie, et les marchandises des marchantz de la roiaume d'Engleterre. Protestantz, qe voz ditz communes ne soient pas tenuz ne liez a les guerres de les ditz marches d'Escoce, ne la terre d'Irland, ne les marches de Gales, ne les marches de Caleys, ne la terre de Guyen, ne a la sauf garde de mere, par ascun graunt en temps avenir. [Grant of the subsidy.]17. To the honour of God, and because of the great love and affection which your poor commons of your kingdom of England have for you, our most feared lord the king, for the good of the kingdom and good governance in time to come, your said poor commons, by the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal, on 9 June in the first year of your reign, in your parliament held at Westminster, grant to you our sovereign lord, for the defence of your kingdom of England, the subsidy on wool, hides and woolfells to be levied for four whole years beginning next Michaelmas [29 September 1413], in the following manner. Namely, from denizen merchants, 43s. 4d. for a sack of wool; and [col. b] for every 240 woolfells 43s. 4d.; and for each last of hides which is exported from the kingdom, 100s. And from alien merchants, 50s. for each sack of wool; and for every 240 woolfells 50s.; and for each last of hides which is exported from the kingdom, 106s. 8d. Similarly, your said poor commons, by the aforesaid assent, for the safeguard of the sea, grant to you, our most feared lord, 3s. on each tun of wine entering the said kingdom and passing outside it; except the tuns of wine taken for your use by right of prise. And also the said commons, by the aforesaid assent, grant to you for the said safeguard of the sea, 12d. in the pound on each type of merchandise coming into the said kingdom, and passing outside it: except wool, hides and woolfells. And except every kind of corn, flour, fresh fish and animal entering the said kingdom. And except beer which is sent outside the kingdom to supply your town of Calais by the people of the towns of Bawdsey, Falkenham and Alderton on Gosford and elsewhere, as they have been charged to do since the conquest of the said town. To take and receive the same 3s. per tun of wine, and 12d. in the pound, from Michaelmas next until Michaelmas a whole year later. On condition that the denizen and alien merchants coming into the kingdom of England with their merchandise are treated well and their merchandise dealt with honestly, so that they pay the said subsidy of 12d. in the pound for their merchandise proportionate to the amount which the merchandise would cost overseas: and that on this matter they should be believed by their oaths or by their letters. And if falsity is found in the said merchants, that they shall pay for it double the subsidy on that which is found not to have had customs duty paid on it, without them having to make any other forfeiture or novel payment; as they were treated and dealt with in the time of your father, whom God absolve, and your noble progenitors, the kings of England, without any oppression or extortion being committed against the aforesaid merchants. And that the citizens and burgesses, when they sue or pay their fines to gain their liberties and franchises, shall be treated as they were treated in the time of the king your father, whom God absolve, and your noble progenitors the kings of England. And furthermore your said commons, bearing in mind the east and west marches of Scotland, and the marches of Wales, and the land of Ireland, and the marches of Calais, and the land of Guyenne, and the safeguard of the sea; on account of the complete trust that your said poor commons repose in you, our most sovereign lord, and with the intention that with the aid of God, by your gracious and good governance in the future the said commons can fully hope to be discharged of such subsidies, and tunnage and poundage, and taxes and tallages, in time to come; by the aforesaid assent, for the defence of the kingdom and the safeguard of the sea, they grant to you our most gracious lord, a whole fifteenth and a whole tenth to be levied from the laity in the customary manner: that is to say, one half at the feast of St Martin next winter [11 November 1413], and the other half at the following feast of Easter; on condition that the sea is well and adequately guarded, for the salvation of the navy and the merchandise belonging to merchants of the kingdom of England. Protesting that your said commons shall not be bound or obliged to make any grant in time to come in connection with the wars of the said Scottish marches, or of the land of Ireland, or the Welsh marches, or the marches of Calais, or the land of Guyenne, or for the safeguard of the sea.
18. Le roy, de sa grace especiale en cest present parlement, ad graunte pardone et relesse a toutz ses lieges, et a chescun de eux, tout ce q'a luy appartient de toutz maneres des chatelx des futifs et des felons nient de record, et toutz maneres des trespasses, negligences, mesprisions, ignorances; et tout manere de vent de boys [p. iv-7][col. a] deins les boundes des forestes, et toutz maners des trespasses faitz ou perpetrez de vert et de venisoun deins les forestes, et porailles d'icelles; et auxint les utlagaries, si nulles y soient envers eux, ou ascun de eux, pronunciez par celles enchesons. Et lour ad auxi pardonez toutz maners des douns, alienacions, et purchases, faitz par eux, ou par ascun de eux, des terres et tenementz tenuz du roy en chief sanz licence du roy, et toutz maners d'entrees, si ascuns y soient faitz, en lour heritages apres la mort de lour auncestres sanz les pursuir hors de mayn le roy par due processe: forspris ceux tenementz qe sont alienez a mort mayn sanz licence du roy. Et auxint le roy lour ad pardonez et relessez toutz maners des fyns pur trespasses nient adjuggiez. Et enoutre le roy lour ad pardonez toutz maners concelementz, exceptz ceuxqe sount faitz par les officers du roy, et de soun pier, accomptables. Et toutz maners des contemptz faitz par ses ditz lieges, et de chescun de eux, devaunt la .xv. me jour de May, qe feust le primer jour de cest parlement tenuz a Westm' l'an primer nostre dit seignur le roy, parensy q'ils suent en especial pur lour chartres parentre cy et le fest de Nowel proschein. Forspris ceux q'ont este nadgairs officers en la mynte, et ministres de la mistere < de money, > cunage, ou de l'eschaunge en la tourre et citee de Londres, et la ville de Caleis. (fn. iv-3-73-1) [General Pardon.] 18. The king, of his special grace in this present parliament, has granted a pardon and release to each and every one of his lieges of all of what pertains to him in relation to all kinds of chattels of fugitives and of felons not on record, and all kinds of trespasses, negligences, misprisions and ignorances; and all types of sale of wood [p. iv-7][col. a] within forest bounds, and all manner of trespasses of vert and venison committed or perpetrated within the forests and the vicinity of the same; and also outlawries, if any are pronounced against them, or any one of them, for these reasons. And he has also pardoned them all kinds of gifts, alienations and purchases made by them, or by any one of them, of lands and tenements held of the king in chief without the king's licence, and all kinds of entries, if any have been made, on their inheritances after the death of their ancestors without suing them out of the king's hands by due process: except those tenements which are alienated in mortmain without the king's licence. Moreover, the king has pardoned and released to them all kinds of fines for trespasses not adjudged. And in addition the king has pardoned them all kinds of concealments, except those which have been made by officers accountable to the king and to his father; and all manner of contempts made by his said lieges, and by each one of them, before 15 May, which was the first day of this parliament held at Westminster in the first year of our said lord the king; provided that they sue individually for their charters between now and next Christmas. Except those who have formerly been officers of the mint, and ministers of the mystery of money, coinage, or of the exchange in the Tower and city of London and the town of Calais. (fn. iv-3-73-1)
[editorial note: The rest of m.7 is blank.]
[editorial note: The following text from 'Johannes' to 'in comitatu Cantebr'' is written in a different, contemporary hand on a loose leaf of parchment stitched to m.6.]
Johannes de Gunwardby, Adam de Egleston, capellanus, et Johannes de Lund, capellanus, ponens loco suo Thomam Stokdale, vel Johannem Wissyngsete, vel Simonem Alkoc, versus Johannem de Wyndesore, in loquela que est coram domino rege in parliamento suo par bille de errore corrigendo de tenementis in Rampton, Cotenham, Westwyk, Hokyngton, Long-Stanton, et Willyngham, in comitatu Cantebr'. John of Gunwardby, Adam of Eggleston, chaplain, and John of Lund, chaplain (placing in his stead Thomas Stockdale, or John Wissingsete, or Simon Alcock), against John of Windsor, in a case which is before the lord king in his parliament by a bill of errore corrigendo concerning tenements in Rampton, Cottenham, Westwick, Hockington, Long Stanton, and Willingham, in the county of Cambridgeshire.
[memb. 6]
De errore Wyndesore. [Petition concerning an error in the judgment relating to John of Windsor].
19. Memorandum, quod in presenti parliamento Johannes de Gunwardby, Adam de Eglestone, capellanus, et Johannes de Lund, capellanus, exhibuerunt quandam peticionem suam in quadam billa specificatam, in hec verba: A nostre tresredoute et soverayn seignur le roy, et a les nobles seignurs de cest present parlement, suppliont Johan de Gunwardby, Adam de Egleston', chapeleyn, et Johan < de > Lund, chapelleyn, qe come en le record et processe, et auxint en le rendre del juggement del plee qe feust en la court le roy Henry piere nostre dit seignur le roy q'ore est, devaunt luy en soun banke, par brief d'errour parentre Johan de Wyndesore, pleignant, et les avaunditz Johan de Gunwardby, Adam, et John de Lund, defendantz, en le reverser et adnullacioun d'un juggement renduz sur le record et processe, et le rendre del juggement d'un assise de novelle disseysyn parentre mesmes ceux Johan de Gunwardby, Adam, et Johan de Lund, et l'avaunt- [col. b] dit Johan de Wyndesore, et Robert de Wyndesore, Elys de Wyndesore, Roger de Wyndesore, Richard Writtill' de Westwyk, Richard Page de Westwyk, Richard Barbour de Swanesey, < Johan > Milner de Cotenham, Steven Wandesworth de Swanesey, Alisandre Tuly de Impyngton', Henry Bernard de Cotenham, Johan Webster de Cantebr', des tenementz en Rampton', Cotenham, Westwyk, Hokyngton', Long Stanton', et Willyngham, en le counte de Cantebr', devaunt William Thirnyng, et Johan Cokayn, et auxint Johan Markham ore mort, nadgairs justices le dit roy Henry pier nostre dit seignur le roy, a mesme l'assise prendre assignez, somons et pris a Cantebrigg', diverses errours y sont apartement, as grevouses damages des ditz suppliantz. 19. Concerning the Windsor error. Be it remembered that in the present parliament John of Gunwardby, Adam of Egglestone, chaplain, and John of Lund, chaplain, submitted a certain petition of theirs detailed in a special bill, in the following words: - To our most feared and sovereign lord the king, and to the noble lords of this present parliament, the request of John of Gunwardby, Adam of Egglestone, chaplain, and John of Lund, chaplain: whereas in the record and process, and also in the passing of a judgment on a plea which was in the court of King Henry father of our said lord the present king, before him in his bench - by writ of error between John of Windsor, plaintiff, and the aforesaid John of Gunwardby, Adam, and John of Lund, defendants, in the reversal and annulment of a judgment rendered on the record and process, and in the rendering of the judgment of an assize of novel disseisin between the same John of Gunwardby, Adam, and John of Lund, and the afore- [col. b] said John of Windsor, and Robert of Windsor, Elys of Windsor, Roger of Windsor, Richard Writtill of Westwick, Richard Page of Westwick, Richard Barber of Swansea, John Milner of Cottenham, Steven Wandsworth of Swansea, Alexander Tuly of Impington, Henry Bernard of Cottenham, and John Webster of Cambridge, concerning tenements in Rampton, Cottenham, Westwick, Hockington, Long Stanton and Willingham, in the county of Cambridge, before William Thirning and John Cokayn, and also John Markham, who recently passed away, former justices of the said king Henry father of our said lord the king, assigned to take the same assize, summoned and taken at Cambridge - various errors were manifest, to the grievous injury of the said supplicants.
Pleise a nostre dit tresredoute seignur le roy, et a les seignurs avauntditz, de faire venir devaunt eux en cest present parlement les record et processe du dit brief d'errour, ove toutz choses ycelles touchantz et sur eux dependauntz, et d'oier les record et processe avauntditz, et auxi les errours par les ditz suppliantz a assigners en ycelles. Et enoutre, de faire garnir le dit Johan de Wyndesore par auctorite de cest present parlement, d'estre al proschein parlement, en quel lieu q'il serra tenuz, d'oier les record et processe avauntditz, et receyver ce qe illeoqes ent serra agarde. Et outre, q'il pleise a nostre dit seignur le roy, et a les seignurs suisditz, adonqes de corriger et amender les errours suisditz, et de faire hastyf droit et justice as ditz suppliantz en ycelle partie, come resone et ley demandent; pur Dieu, et en oevre de charite. - Qua quidem peticione tunc ibidem audita et intellecta, Willelmus Hankeford, capitalis justiciarius domini regis, detulit hic in parliamento, ex precepto domini regis, de assensu dominorum suorum in eodem parliamento assistencium, recordum et processum reddicionis judicii quod nuper redditum fuit in curia domini Henrici nuper regis Anglie, patris ipsius domini regis nunc, coram ipso nuper rege, per breve suum de errore, inter Johannem de Wyndesore, querentem, et predictos Johannem < de > Gunwardby, Adam, et Johannem de Lund, defendentes, unde in peticione predicta supra fit mentio: quibus quidem recordo et processu hic in parliamento lectis, auditis, et intellectis, necnon erroribus, juxta formam legis in hac parte, per predictos Johannem de Gunwardby, Adam, et Johannem de Lund, assignandis, similiter auditis et intellectis, concessum est, quod iidem Johannes de Gunwardby, Adam, et Johannes de Lund, ad eorum peticionem et prosecucionem habeant breve de scire facias, ad premuniendum predictum Johannem de Wyndesore essendi ad proximum parliamentum domini regis, in quocumque loco infra regnum Anglie teneri contigerit, auditurum tam recordum et processum predicta, quam errores quos per predictos Johannem de Gunwardby, Adam, et Johannem de Lund, ad tunc in hac parte assignari seu allegari contigerit, et ad faciendum et recipiendum ulterius quod curia parliamenti adtunc in hac parte consideraverit. May it please our said most feared lord the king and the aforesaid lords to cause to be brought before them in this present parliament the record and process of the said writ of error, with all things touching and dependent on it, and to hear the aforesaid record and process, and also the errors in the same to be specified by the said supplicants. And furthermore, to instruct the said John of Windsor by authority of this present parliament to be at the next parliament, whenever it is held, to hear the aforesaid record and process and to accept whatever will be decided there in this matter. And in addition that it might please our said lord the king and the aforesaid lords thereupon to correct and amend the aforesaid errors, and to impart swift right and justice to the said supplicants in this matter, as reason and law demand; for God, and by way of charity. - Which petition having been heard and understood in the same place, William Hankford, chief justice of the lord king, brought into this parliament, by order of the lord king, by the assent of his lords present in the same parliament, the record and process of the rendering of the judgment which was recently made in the court of lord Henry, formerly king of England, father of this present lord the king, in the presence of this former king, by his writ of error, between John of Windsor, the plaintiff, and the aforesaid John of Gunwardby, Adam, and John of Lund, defendants, whereof mention was made above in the aforesaid petition: and, this record and process having been read, heard and understood here in parliament, and also, in accordance with legal custom in this matter, the errors indicated by the aforesaid John of Gunwardby, Adam, and John of Lund having been similarly heard and understood, it was awarded that the same John of Gunwardby, Adam, and John of Lund, for their petition and prosecution should have a writ of scire facias to forewarn the aforesaid John of Windsor to be at the next parliament of the lord king, wherever within the kingdom of England it might happen to be held, to hear both the aforesaid record and process and the errors which would be assigned or alleged in this matter by the aforesaid John of Gunwardby, Adam, and John of Lund, and furthermore to do and accept whatever the court of parliament decided in this matter.
[editorial note: The rest of m.6 is blank.]
[p. iv-8]
[memb. 5]
PLEISE A TRESEXCELLENT ET TRESGRACIOUS SEIGNUR NOSTRE SEIGNUR LE ROY, EN SUPPORTACIOUN DE SES POVERES COMUNES, GRAUNTER LES PETICIONS Q'ENSUENT: [THE COMMON PETITIONS]: MAY IT PLEASE THE MOST EXCELLENT AND MOST GRACIOUS LORD, OUR LORD THE KING, IN SUPPORT OF HIS POOR COMMONS, TO GRANT THE PETITIONS WHICH FOLLOW.
[col. a]
I. < An act for choosing of the knights of the shyre and burgeses and citizeins. > I. [An act concerning the election of the knights of the shire, burgesses and citizens].
20. Priont les communes, qe les estatutz faitz del eleccion des chivalers des countees pur venir a parlement soient tenuz et gardez en toutz pointz. Adjoustantz a ycelles, qe les chivalers esluz pur parlement soient receantz et demurrantz a temps de l'eleccione es countes ou ils sont esluz: et qe mesmes les chivalers soient esluz par chivalers, esquiers, et communes des countes ou ils sont issint esluz, et nemy en autre manere. Et cest eleccione soit fait en presence des viscontz pur le temps esteantz, en manere et fourme avantdit, et nemy par voice, ne l'assent, ne maundement, de ceux qe sont absentz. Et qe eleccions affaires de hommes pur parlement pur cites et burghes, soient esluz hommes, citeins, et burgeys, receauntz, demurrauntz, et enfraunchisez en mesmes les cites et burghs, et nulles autres en nulle manere. 20. I. An act concerning the election of the knights of the shire and burgesses and citizens. The commons pray that the statutes made concerning the election of the knights of the shire to attend parliament should be upheld and preserved in all points. Adding to this, that the knights elected for parliament should be resident and dwelling at the time of the election in the counties where they are elected: and that the same knights should be elected by the knights, esquires and commons of the counties in which they are thus elected, and not by any other means. And this election should be made in the presence of the sheriffs then in office, in the aforesaid manner and form, and not by the voice, or assent, or order of those who are absent. And as to the elections of members of parliament for the cities and boroughs, let there be elected men, citizens, and burgesses who are resident, dwelling, and enfranchised in the same cities and boroughs, and no others whatsoever.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Quant a les estatutz contenuz en ceste peticioun, le roy voet, q'ils soient tenuz et gardez et duement executz. Item, quant al seconde article, le roy voet, qe les chivalers des countees ne soient esluz s'ils ne soient receauntz deins le countee ou il serra eslu le jour del date du brief: et qe les chivalers et esquiers qi serront eslisours soient auxi receauntz et demurrantz en mesme la manere. Et touchaunt les esleccions de citeins et burgeises comprisez en ceste peticioun, le roy le voet. (fn. iv-3-89-1) With regard to the statutes mentioned in this petition, the king wills that they should be upheld and preserved and duly enforced. Also, with regard to the second article, the king wills that the knights of the shire should not be elected if they are not resident in the county for which they are elected on the day of the date on the writ: and that the knights and esquires who are electors should also be resident and dwelling in the same manner. And concerning the elections of citizens and burgesses mentioned in this petition, the king wills it. (fn. iv-3-89-1)
II. < An act conserning rasing of milnes, stankes etc. to the noisance of the kinges people. > II. [An act concerning the raising of mills, ponds etc. causing nuisance to the king's people].
21. Priont les communes, qe come comune passage des niefs et bateux en les grauntez riveres d'Engleterre, et auxint prees, pastures, et terres semez, adjoignantz as ditz rivers, sont grantment destourbez, suroundez, gastez, et destruitz par les outrageous enhauncer et estreiture des gors, molyns, estankes, estakes, et kydeux, et plusours gentz periz, et joens pessons destructz, et donez as porkes a manger par celle cause, a graunt damage du pople et du roialme, si remedy ent ne soit purveu et ordeigne. 21. II. An act concerning the raising of mills, ponds etc. causing nuisance to the king's people. The commons pray that, whereas the common passage of ships and boats on the great rivers of England is impeded, and the meadows, pastures, and sown lands which adjoin the said rivers are greatly flooded, wasted and destroyed by the excessive raising and narrowing of stanks, mills, ponds, stakes and kiddles, and many people die, and young fish are destroyed and given to pigs to eat as a result, and there is great risk of injury to the people of the kingdom if a remedy for this is not provided and ordained.
Qe plese granter et ordeigner en cest present parlement, qe toutz les bons estatutz ent faitz, sibien en temps de darreins rois Edward et Richard, come en temps de vostre pere, qe Dieux assoille, soient firmement tenuz et gardez, et duement executz en toutz pointz: adjoustantz a icelles, qe commissions soient faitz as suffisantz commissioners en chescun counte du roiaume, ou busoigne serra, d'enquerer de tout ce q'est contenuz en les ditz estatutz, et de punier les contrariantz mesmes les estatuts, et ent faire execucioun solonc la contenu en icelles. Et qe les ditz commissioners eient la tierce partie des profitz surdauntz et appurtenauntz a nostre seignur le roy en lour sessions, par endentures entre eux et les viscountz des countees ou ils ferront lour sessions ent affaires; et qe les viscountz ent eient allouance en lour accompt. Et qe mesmes les commissioners tiendrent lour sessions quatre foitz par an en lour countees, es lieux pluis necessaires et busoignables. Et q'ils ferront due execucioun des ditz estatutz, et de les peines contenuz en icelles, saunz favour ou desport faire a nully. Et qe les ditz commissioners soient serementez a ce faire et parfournir devaunt livere de lour ditz commissions. Et mesqe ceux q'ont gors, molyns, estankes, estakes et kideux en les ditz rivers, monstrent evidence de lour droit et possession en icelles d'auncien temps use, qe ordeigne soit par [col. b] discrecioun des commissioners haute chemyn par my icelles rivers, de suffisant laeure pur bateux passer et repasser saunz impediment qeconqe. May it please you to grant and ordain in this present parliament that all the good statutes made on this matter, both in the time of the late kings Edward [III] and Richard [II] and in the time of your father, whom God absolve, shall be firmly upheld and preserved and properly enforced in all points: adding to this that commissions shall be given to worthy commissioners in each county of the kingdom, where need be, to make enquiries concerning all that is contained in the said statutes and to punish the contravenors of the same statutes, and to ensure their effectiveness in accordance with the content of the same. And that the said commissioners should have a third part of the profits arising and pertaining to our lord the king in their sessions, by indentures to be made between them and the sheriffs of the counties in which they are to hold their sessions on this; and that the sheriffs involved shall have allowance in their account. And that the same commissioners shall hold their sessions four times a year in their counties, in the places most in need of and requiring them. And that they shall put the said statutes into proper effect, and the penalties prescribed in the same, without showing favour or privilege to anyone. And that the said commissioners shall be sworn to do and perform this before the delivery of their said commissions. And even if those who have stanks, mills, ponds, stakes and kiddles on the said rivers provide evidence that their right and possession of them dates from ancient times, [col. b] nevertheless a channel along the same rivers should be ordained at the discretion of the commissioners, to be of sufficient width for boats to come and go without any impediment.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy voet qe toutz les estatutz ent faitz soient tenuz et gardez, et mys en due execucioun. (fn. iv-3-96-1) The king wills that all the statutes made on this should be upheld and preserved, and properly executed. (fn. iv-3-96-1)
III. < Pur provisours. > III. [Concerning Papal provisors].
22. Item, priont les communes, pur le bien et commune profit du roiaume, qe toutz les estatutz faitz encountre provisours en temps de tresnobles rois Edward le tierce, Richard le secund, et Henry le quart vostre pere, qe Dieu assoille, puissent estoier en lour force, et soient tenuz et executz en toutz pointz. Et qe nul proteccioun, n'autre graunte a aucuny fait, ou affaire, a contraire par nostre seignur le roy, en forbarrement de l'execucioun des ditz estatutz, soit allouable ne vaillable a nully en celle partie. Et si aucune chose soit fait a contraire, soit tenuz pur nulle; sauvant tout temps la prerogative du roy. 22. III. Concerning provisors. Also, the commons pray, for the good and common profit of the kingdom, that all the statutes made against provisors in the time of the most noble kings Edward III, Richard II and Henry IV your father, whom God absolve, might remain in force, and be upheld and executed in all points. And that no protection or other grant made or to be made to anyone contrary to this by our lord the king, prohibiting the enforcement of the said statutes, should be allowable or valid for anyone in this matter. And if anything should be done to the contrary, it should be held at nought; saving at all times the prerogative of the king.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer..]
Soient les estatutz en faitz tenuz et gardez. Let the statutes made on this be upheld and preserved.
IV. < Pur paiementz des probations des testamentz. > IV. [Fees for probate of wills].
23. Item, priont les communes, si bien gentils, come citeins, burgeys et autres, qe come par la leie de vostre roiaume d'Engleterre, en temps de voz nobles progenitours ordeigne, nulle ordenarie de seint esglis de mesme le roiaume prendroit d'aucun executour del testament lour testatour, pur mesme le testament prover, et pur l'acquitaunce en celle partie affaire, forqe ij s. vi d.. Et ore, mesmes le ordinaries par lour officials et commissaries, et autres lour officers et ministres, de jour en autre preignent de les executours, pur le testament de lour testatour prover, et pur l'acquitaunce de les ordinaries en celle partie avoir, pluis greindres et excessives sommes d'argent; c'eftassavoir, aucun foitz cli., xlli.; aucun foitz xxli., xli. c s.; et aucun foitz pluis ou meindre; encountre la loye de vostre dit roiaume, a graunt oppressioun et anientissement de voz ditz communes, et pur quel cause mesmes les executours ne purront accomplir la darrein volunte de lour testatour, solonc la fourme et effect de soun testament, en graunt offence et peril envers nostre seignur [puissaunt] en celle partie. 23. IV. Concerning payments for probate of wills. Also, the commons, both the gentlemen as well as the citizens, burgesses and others, pray that, whereas by the law of your kingdom of England, in the time of your noble progenitors it was ordained that no ordinary of holy church of the same realm should take from any executor of the will of their testator, for proving the same will, and for acquittance to be given in this matter, anything more than 2s. 6d. Yet now the same ordinaries, through their officials and commissaries and their other officers and ministers, from one day to the next, take from executors, for proving the will of their testator, and in order to have acquittance from the ordinaries in this matter, increasingly great and excessive sums of money; that is to say, sometimes £100 or £40; sometimes £20, £10, or 100s.; and on other occasions more or less; contrary to the law of your said realm, bringing great oppression and harm to your said commons; and as a result executors are not able to fulfil the last will of their testator, in accordance with the form and effect of his will, causing great offence and harm to Our Lord most high in this matter.
Pleise a nostre seignur le roy, de l'assent des seignurs en cest parlement, graciousment ordiner, qe nulle ordinarie de seint esglis de vostre dit roiaume, de quel estat ou condicioun q'il soit, desore enavaunt preigne, ou face prendre, de tieux executours, ne de nulle autre, pur tiel testament prover, ou pur acquitaunce et lour office en celle partie affaire, outre la somme de ij s. vi d. solonc la ley avauntdit; ne qe tieux executours, ou executour, soient, ou soit, desore enavaunt compellez a travailler pur tiel testament prover, ou aucun inventarie des biens le testatour porter as ditz ordinaries, ou lour officialx, commissaries, officers, ou ministres, hors del deanrie en quel les biens le testatour y sont. Et qe si aucun ordinarie de seint esglis, lour official, commissarie, officer, ou ministre qeconqe, preigne, ou face prendre, pur aucun testament prover, ou chose qe a lour office appartient en celle partie, outre la somme de ij s. vi d. et de ce soit atteint, encourgent la peine de perdre diz foitz a taunt envers nostre seignur le roy; dount celuy qe le vorra suire ent auera l'un moite, par force de l'estatut ent affaire, et mesme nostre seignur le roy l'autre [p. iv-9][col. a] moite. Et qe les justices des assises, ou justices de pees de mesme la paiis ou y aveigne, ou aviendra tiel chose avauntdit estre fait, eient poair d'oier et terminer la quarelle et chose suisditz, al suyte de celluy qe vorra suer par brief ou par bille, en manere et fourme, et par tiel proces, come est contenuz en l'estatut de 'decies tantum', fait sur les jurrours queux preignent monoie ou autre chose pur lour verdit dire. Et outre ce, qe tielx executour, ou executours, ensi compellez a travailler hors de la deanrie, en quelle les biens lour testatour a temps de soun mourreant y sont, par les ordinaries, officialx, commissaries, officers, ou ministres suisditz, ou par aucun de eux, pur prover le testament de lour testatour, ou acquitaunce ent avoir, ou de porter aucun inventarie de ses biens devaunt eux, encountre la fourme d'icest estatut, eient lour recovere envers eux, par brief ou bille foundu sur soun cas, devaunt aucuns des justices suisditz, ou devaunt le roy en soun bank, ou les justices de commune bank. Et qe le proces sur ce soit fait par attachement et distresse, s'ils ount de quoy, ou par capias et exigent, en fourme come il est ordeigne en brief de trespas. Et q'ils recoveront lour damages a treble, en cas qe le defendauntz soient trove coupables. May it please our lord the king, by the assent of the lords in this parliament, to graciously ordain that no ordinary of holy church of your said realm, of whatever estate or condition he may be, shall henceforth take, or cause to be taken, from such executors, or from any other, for the proving of any such will or for acquittance, or for performing their office in this matter, any more than the sum of 2s. 6d., in accordance with the aforesaid law; nor that any such executors or executor shall be henceforth compelled to labour in order to have a will proved, or bring any inventory of the goods of the testator to the said ordinaries, or their officials, commissaries, officers or ministers, anywhere outside the deanery in which the goods of the testator are found. And if any ordinary of holy church, or his official, commissary, officer or any other such minister takes, or causes to be taken, for the proving of any will, or anything which pertains to their office in this matter, more than the sum of 2s. 6d., and he is attainted of this, let him incur the penalty of losing ten times as much to our lord the king; half of which shall be given to anyone wishing to sue for this, by force of the statute to be made on this, and our same lord the king shall have the other [p. iv-9][col. a] half. And that the justices of the assizes, or the justices of the peace in the county where this occurs, or where any intention to do it occurs, shall have the power to hear and determine the aforesaid complaint and matter at the suit of whoever wishes to sue by writ or by bill, in the manner and form, and by such a process, as is specified in the statute of decies tantum, which deals with cases of jurors who take money or anything else in return for giving their verdict. And in addition to this, that any such executors or executor who is or are thus compelled to labour outside the deanery in which the goods of their testator are found at the time of death by the aforesaid ordinaries, officials, commissaries, officers or ministers, or by any one of them, in order to have the will of their testator proved, or to have an acquittance for this, or are compelled to bring any inventory of his goods before them, contrary to theform of this statute, shall have their recovery against them by writ or bill based on their case before any of the aforesaid justices, or before the king in his bench, or the justices of the Common Bench. And that the process on this should be made by attachment or distress, if they have the means, or by capias and exigent, in the manner which is ordained in the writ of trespass. And that they shall recover triple their damages in any case where the defendants are found guilty.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy ad chargez les seignurs espirituelx d'ent ordeigner due remede. Et s'ils ne facent, le roy < le > voet avoir bien en memorie, et le fair amender en temps advenir. The king has charged the lords spiritual to ordain due remedy for this. And if they do not do this, the king will keep it firmly in mind, and cause it to be rectified in time to come..
V. < Pur ordinaries. > V. [Concerning ordinaries of holy church].
24. Item, priont les communes, qe come les ordinaries de seint esglis de vostre roiaume d'Engleterre, et lour ministres, ont mys, et mettent, a peyne peccuniarie ceux queux sont trovez devaunt eux coupables en lour chapitres, et en lour autres courtes, de lour graund pecche d'avoutre, et de lecherie, ou d'aucun d'eux; c'estassavoir, aucun foitz xl s.; aucuns au pluis, et aucuns a meyns: par my qe voz lieges de mesme vostre roiaume sont graundement empoverez, et tiels pecches le pluis sustenuz et usez, ou ils par la ley de Dieu duissent tielx peccheours chastiser par corporel penaunce, al effect qe tiel pecche serroit le pluis tost retreet entre le poeple. 24. V. Concerning ordinaries. Also, the commons pray that, whereas the ordinaries of holy church of your kingdom of England and their ministers have inflicted and do inflict pecuniary penalties on those who are found to be guilty before them in their chapters, or in their other courts, of the great sin of adultery, or of lechery, or of either of them; namely, sometimes 40s., sometimes more, and sometimes less: with the result that your lieges of your same kingdom are greatly impoverished, while such sins are further encouraged and committed; whereas by the law of God it ought to be the case that such sinners are chastised by corporal punishment, so that these sins might be more swiftly eradicated from amongst the people.
Pleise a vostre roial seignurie, al plesance et reverance de Dieu, et pur le bien et profit de vous, et de vostre poeple, graciousement ordeigner en cest present parlement, des assent des seignurs en mesme le parlement, qe si aucun ordinarie de seinte esglise de vostre roiaume d'Engleterre, ou lour ministres, desore enavaunt mettent aucuns de voz lieges a peyne peccuniarie pur tielx pecches, et mesme la peine facent lever de eux, q'adonqes mesme l'ordinarie, ou celuy qe les deniers ent resceive, perde envers vous nostre soverayn seignur dys foitz a taunt come il ferra lever en ceste partie; dount celuy qi le vorra suer pur vous eit ent la moite par force d'icest estatut, et vous mesmes l'autre moite. May it please your royal lordship, and in order to please and honour God, and for the good and benefit of yourself and your people, to graciously ordain in this present parliament, by the assent of the lords in the same parliament, that if any ordinary of holy church of your kingdom of England, or their ministers, henceforth subjects any of your lieges to a pecuniary fine for such sins, and causes the same fine to be levied from them, that then the same ordinary, or whoever receives the money from this, shall lose to our sovereign lord ten times as much as he caused to be levied in this matter; of which anyone who wishes to sue on your behalf shall have a half, by virtue of the said statute, and you yourself the other half.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy ad chargez les seignurs espirituelx d'ent ordeigner due remede. Et s'ils ne facent, le roy le voet avoir bien en memorie, et le faire amender en temps advenir. The king has charged the lords spiritual to ordain a proper remedy for this. And if they do not do this, the king will keep it firmly in mind, and cause it to be rectified in time to come.
VI. < Pur celuy qi avoit accompt du l'eschequer, et avoit son quitus est, de non ester jamais chargez. > VI. [Concerning anyone who is accountable at the exchequer and has received his acquittance, that he might not be charged again].
25. Item, suppliont les communes de vostre roiaume, qe come la ou il ad este usez en tout temps passez, solonc la nature de accomptz, et les usagez et custumes de vostre escheqer, qe toutz maners officers accomptables, les queux ount duement accomptez avaunt ces heures a cause de lour offices en mesme l'escheqer par lour serement, et auxi par force de garrauntz suffisauntz, devaunt les tresorer et barons illeoqes, soloient avoir a la fyn de lour accomptz due allouaunce, et sur ce un quietus est, en final descharge d'eux envers le roy; savaunt toutditz le prerogatif le roy en celle partie: c'estassavoir, qe si le roy fuisse deceu parmy faux allouance ou concelement, il ne deveroit estre excludez ne forbarrez de soun profit a luy appurtenaunt [col. b] en tieu case, par force de tielx allouances et quietus est; nientmains, non obstaunt qe aucuns officers semblablement ont duement accomptez longe temps passez en le dit escheqer de toutz maners choses appurtenauntz a lour offices, par lour serementz, et auxi par garrauntz lors acceptez et allouez pur bones et suffisauntz, et sur ce ount eux lour allouance et lour quietus est, ou pleyne descharge d'eux en manere accustume, et ce par agarde de toutz les barons du dit escheqer; sount unqore vexez, durement molestez et grevez par proces trope rigorous fait en le dit escheqer, et [memb. 4] compellez de venir illeoqes a rere accompt faire, et auxi a respondre hastiment par diversez proces as diversez articles et defautes a eux surmys par novelle rehersale et examinacioun des ditz accomptz devaunt mesmes les barons, les queux icelles accomptz avoient oiez, auctorizez, et allouez longe temps par devaunt passez, si come y appiert de record en le dit escheqer. 25. VI. Concerning anyone who is accountable at the exchequer and has received his acquittance, that he might not be charged again. Also, the request of the commons of your kingdom: whereas, although it was customary in time past, in accordance with the protocol for accounts and the usages and customs of your exchequer, that all kinds of accountable officers who had already properly accounted for their offices in the same exchequer by their oath, and also by force of sufficient warrants, before the treasurer and barons there, were to have at the end of their accounts due allowance, and also a quietus est, signifying their final discharge by the king; saving completely the prerogative of the king in this matter: namely, that if the king were to be deceived though false allowance or concealment, that he ought not to be excluded or barred from the profit pertaining to him [col. b] in such a case by virtue of such allowances and quietus est; nevertheless, notwithstanding that some officers duly accounted in this manner long ago in the said exchequer for all kinds of things pertaining to their offices, on their oaths, and also by warrants then accepted and agreed to be genuine and adequate, and furthermore have had their allowances and their quietus est, or their full discharge in the customary manner, and this by the decision of all the barons of the said exchequer; yet they are still vexed, severely harassed and grieved by processes too rigorously pursued in the said exchequer, and [memb. 4] they are compelled to go there and give a retrospective account, and also to give hasty answers by various processes to numerous articles and faults alleged against them by further review and examination of the said accounts before the same barons who had heard, authorised and allowed these accounts long ago, as can be seen on record in the said exchequer.
Pleise a vostre roial mageste graciousement ceste matire considerer, et pur eschuer la malveys esample, et auxi les perils q'en purrount sourder et ensuer, a tresgraund damage, disheritesoun et destruccioun final a toutz ceux qi ount estez en temps passez, et serront in temps avenir, accomptablez a vostre dit escheqer: et de faire ordiner, qe nulle persone accomptable, apres soun accompt pur son office renduz, et allouaunce a luy fait par les barons du dit escheqer, et auxi apres q'il ait un quietus est, en pleyn descharge de luy envers le roy de toutz choses, pointz, et articles dount il ad accomptez, ne soit desore enavaunt treite en le dit escheqer a nulle rere accompt rendre, ne autre foitz mys a responce des choses allouez par aggarde et commune assent de toutz les barons de dit escheqer, si noun par faux ou concelementz, si aucuns purront estre trovez pur le profit nostre seignur le roy. Et qe adonqes les ditz faux allouaunces et concelementz soient respoignable, saunz aucun rere accompt rendre de aucun accompt par devaunt oiez, terminez, auctorizez et allouez, en manere accustume en vostre dit escheqer, par advys et agarde, et commune assent, de toutz les barons illeoqes; la prerogatif du roy tout temps save. May it please your royal majesty to graciously consider this matter, and - in order to avoid this evil precedent, as well as the perils which may arise and ensue from this, bringing very great injury, disinheritance and ultimate ruin to all those who have been in time past, and will be in time to come, accountable at your said exchequer - to cause it to be ordained that no accountable person, after having rendered account for his office, and allowance having been made to him by the barons of the said exchequer, and also after he has had a quietus est in full discharge of his obligations to the king in all things, points, and articles for which he has accounted, should be henceforth brought into the said exchequer to account retrospectively, or at any time be brought to answer for things allowed by the decision and common assent of all the barons of the said exchequer, unless it is for falsity or concealments, if any can be found for the benefit of our lord the king. And that then the said false allowances and concealments should be answerable, without any retrospective account being rendered for any account previously heard, determined, authorised and allowed in the customary manner in your said exchequer, by the advice and decision, and common assent, of all the barons there; saving the prerogative of the king at all times.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Soient les loies en ce cas usez tenuz et gardez: et si aucuny se sente greve en especial, sue au roy, et le roy luy ferra droit et raisone. Let the laws employed in these cases be upheld and preserved: and if anyone feels himself to be particularly aggrieved, let him sue to the king, and the king shall do for him what is right and reasonable.
VII. < Pur lever l'expenses dell chivalers, citizens < et > burgesis del parlement. > VII. [Concerning the levying of the expenses of the knights, citizens and burgesses of parliament].
26. Item, priont les communes, qe les chivalers des countees, citezeins des cites, et burgeys des burghes, par my tout vostre roiaume d'Engleterre, q'el temps del tresnoble roy vostre pere, qe Dieu assoille, furent somonez et retournez a soun parlement tenuz a Westm' landemayn del purificacioun de nostre Dame, l'an de soun reigne .xiiij. me , illeoqes affaire ce qe al honour de Dieu, et al dit tresnoble roy vostre piere et soun roialme serroit bosoignable: les queux chivalers, citezeins, et burgeys, a lour propres coustages et expenses illeoqes furent, del dit lendemayn tanqe mesme le parlement par la mort du dit tresnoble roy et pier, qe Dieu assoille, fuist dissolve; pur quoy mesmes les chivalers, citezeins, et burgeys, de lour gages pur lour coustages et expenses ne sount paiez, eyns remaynent apaiers, a lour tresgraunt arrerisement et charge et perde. 26. VII. Concerning the levying of the expenses of the knights, citizens and burgesses of parliament. Also, the the commons pray that, whereas the knights of the shire, citizens of the cities and burgesses of the boroughs throughout all your kingdom of England who in the time of the most noble king your father, whom God absolve, had been summoned and returned to his parliament to be held at Westminster on the day after the Purification of our Lady, in the fourteenth year of his reign [3 February 1413], to perform there whatever was to the honour of God or might be required by the said noble king your father and his realm: these knights, citizens, and burgesses remained there at their own cost and expense, from the said morrow until the same parliament was dissolved following the death of the said noble king and father, whom God absolve; on account of which the same knights, citizens and burgesses were not paid wages for their costs and expenses, but have yet to be paid, to their very great injury, burden and loss.
Pleise a vostre treshaut discrecioun, considerer les graundes coustages et expenses des ditz chivalers, citezeins, et burgeys, graunter de vostre grace especial briefs directs as viscountz des countees, et as mairs et ballifs des cites et burghes, par my le roialme, pur lever les ditz coustagez et expenses, et les paier as ditz chivalers, citezeins, et burgeys, si come as autres parlementz, el temps de voz tresnoblez progenitours ancienment usez et accustumez, ount este paiez. May it please your most high discretion to consider the great costs and expenses of the said knights, citizens and burgesses, and to grant of your special grace writs directing the sheriffs of the counties and the mayors and bailiffs of the cities and boroughs throughout the realm to levy the said costs and expenses, and pay them to the said knights, citizens and burgesses, as they have customarily been paid of old at other parliaments in the time of your most noble progenitors.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy voet qe les recordes en cas semblable en temps de ses nobles progenitours, si aucuns y soient, soient serchez. Et sur ce le roy, par advys de soun [p. iv-10][col. a] counsaille, voet ent ordiner ce qe mieulx luy semblera en le cas. The king wills that the records of similar cases in the time of his noble progenitors, if there are any, should be searched. Whereupon the king, with the advice of his [p. iv-10][col. a] council, wishes to ordain on this whatever shall seem best to him in this matter.
VIII. < An act against such as publish false deedes of other men's tenements. > VIII. [An act against those who publish and forge false deeds concerning other men's tenements].
27. Item, priont les communes, qe par la ou plusours de lieges nostre tresredoute seignur le roy queux ount manoirs, terres ou tenementz, par purchace, ou par discent deher itage, ou en autre manere, entendaunt a eux pur estre en pees et tranquillite en lour dits tenures come ils soloient, diversez malveis persones, aucuns de lour testes demesne, et aucuns par faux conspiracie et covyne, subtilement ymaginent et forgent de novelle diversez faux faitz et munimentz, et les fount pronuncier, pupplier, et lire, pur enveogler et chaungier les coers des bons gentz du paiis, et pur anynter et troubler les possessions et title de voz ditz lieges: par la quel ymaginacione et fauxite plusours de voz ditz lieges de lour possessioun sount troublez et vexez, et toutditz en awer demurrauntz de lour possessions et estat. 27. VIII. An act against those who publish and forge false deeds concerning other men's tenements. Also, the commons pray that whereas, although many of the lieges of our most feared lord the king who have manors, lands or tenements through purchase, or through hereditary descent, or in any other way, strive to live in peace and tranquillity on their said tenures as they are accustomed to do; various evil people, some by their own devising, and some by false conspiracy and deceit, have been craftily devising and forging of late various false deeds and muniments, and causing them to be proclaimed, made known and read, to inveigle and sway the hearts of good people of the country, and to undermine and disturb the possessions and entitlements of your said lieges: as a result of which scheming and falsity many of your said lieges are troubled and vexed in respect of their possessions, and remain continually in doubt of their possessions and estate.
Please a nostre tresredoute seignur le roy, et as seignurs en cest present parlement, de grauntier, qe si aucuns tiels faux faitz ou munimentz, ou obligacions, ou acquitances, soient forgez, faitz, ou fait, et puppliez, ou forgez en temps advenir et puppliez, qe ceux qe soy sentount ou sent ent grevez puisse avoir envers tiels forgers, ou forger, fesour, et scribe, de tielx malveis faitz ou munimentz, obligacions ou acquitaunces, brief de fauxite, ou brief de conspiracie, solonc ce qe le cas requiert; et qe au tiel proces soit donez sur tielx briefs come en brief de trespas, et qe la partie ensi greve puisse recoverer et avoir ses damages au double; et qe ceux qe sount trovez coupablez eient la prison de deux ans, et puis reintz a volunte le roy. May it please our most feared lord the king and the lords in this present parliament to grant that if anyone shall have forged, made and published such false deeds or muniments or obligations or acquittances, or forges and publishes them in time to come, that those who shall feel, or he who feels, aggrieved in this might have against such forgers or forger, manufacturer and scribe of such evil deeds, muniments, obligations or acquittances, a writ of falsity, or a writ of conspiracy, as the situation requires; and that such a process should be given with regard to such writs as in the writ of trespass, and that the party thus grieved might recover and have double his damages; and that those who are found guilty shall be imprisoned for two years and then released at the king's will.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Ait la partie greve en ce cas sa seute et recovere ses damages; et face le partie convict fyn et raunceon au roy. (fn. iv-3-138-1) Let the aggrieved party in this matter have his suit and recover his damages; and let the convicted party pay a fine and ransom to the king. (fn. iv-3-138-1)
IX. < An act against the extortion of officers as bailiffs, under-sheriffs, etc. > IX. [An act against the extortion practised by officers such as bailiffs, under-sheriffs, etc.]
28. Item, priont les communes, qe come les lieges nostre seignur le roy ne osent my pursuer ne compleigner des extorcions et oppressions a eux faitz par les ministres de viscountz, c'estassavoir par southeviscountz, clerks des viscountz, resceivours et baillifs des viscountz, a cause qe les ditz southviscountz, clerks, resceivours, et baillifs des viscountz, sont sy continuelment de an en an demurrauntz ove les viscountes enterchaungeablement en un office ou en autre. 28. IX. An act against the extortion practised by officers such as bailiffs, under-sheriffs, etc. Also, the commons pray that, whereas the lieges of our lord the king do not dare to pursue or complain of the extortion and oppressions inflicted on them by sheriffs' ministers, namely by sub-sheriffs, sheriffs' clerks, receivers and sheriffs' bailiffs, because the said sub-sheriffs, clerks, receivers and sheriffs' bailiffs remain continually from one year to the next in possession of one office or another, interchangeably along with the sheriffs.
Please ordeigner en cest present parlement, qe nulle southviscount, clerk, resceivour, ne baillif de viscountes, q'ad este en office par un an, qe ne soy medle ne porte nulle manere office desouth les viscountz par trois ans adonqes proscheins ensuauntz, sur la peine d'emprisonement, et de paier a roy xl li.; et qe celluy qe voet suer pur le roy purra avoir la moyte. Et auxi, qe nulle southviscount, ne clerk de viscount, resceivour, ne baillif de viscount, pur le temps q'il est en office, ne soit attourne en les courtes le roy, seneschalle, ne as fees et robes ove nully deins mesme le countee, si noune ove le viscount, sur mesme la peine. Purveu toutfoitz, qe ceux qe sount enheritez en et de tieux offices ne soient molestez ne grevez par ceste ordinaunce. May it please you to ordain in this present parliament that no sub-sheriff, clerk, receiver or sheriff's bailiff who has been in office for one year should involve himself with or occupy any kind of office under the sheriff for the next three years, on pain of imprisonment and of paying £40 to the king; and that anyone who wishes to sue on behalf of the king might have half. And also that no sub-sheriff, or sheriff's clerk, receiver, or sheriff's bailiff, during the time that he is in office, should be an attorney in the king's courts, or a steward, or be given fees and robes by anyone within the same county, unless it is by the sheriff, on pain of the same penalty. Provided at all times that those who have right of inheritance in or of such offices are not harassed or aggrieved by this ordinance.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy voet, qe ceux qi sount baillifs des viscountz un an, ne soient en nulle tiel office par trois ans adonqes proschein ensuauntz, forsprisez les baillifs des viscontz queux sount enheritez. Et qe nulle southviscount, ne clerk de viscount, resceivour, ne baillif de viscount, soit attourne en nulle court du roy, pur le temps q'il est en office ove aucun viscount. (fn. iv-3-145-1) The king wills that those who have been sheriffs' bailiffs for one year shall not occupy another such office for the following three years, except sheriff's bailiffs with a hereditary right. And that no sub-sheriff, sheriff's clerk, receiver, or sheriff's bailiff should be an attorney in any court of the king, during the time that he is in office with any sheriff. (fn. iv-3-145-1)
X. < An act, that in everye original writ in whiche an exigent shuld be awarded shal be written certayn additions. > X. [An act providing that in every original writ in which an exigent is awarded, certain additions shall be made].
29. Item, priount les communes, q'en chescun brief original des accions personels, et appeles, et enditementz, en queux exigende serrount agardez, q'a les [col. b] nounes des defendauntz en tieux briefs originalx, et appelles, et enditementz, soient faitz addiciouns de lour estat ou degree, ou de mesteer, et de les villes ou hamelles, ou lieux, et les countees, des queux ils furent, sount, ou en queux ils conversantz soient. Et si par processe sur les ditz briefs originalx, appeles ou enditementz, en queux les ditz addicions soient entrelessez, aucuns utlagaries soient pronunciez, q'ils soient voidez, irritez et tenuz pur nulle, et qe avaunt l'utlagareez pronunciez, les ditz briefs et enditementz soient abatuz par excepcioun de partie, par l'ou en ycelles les ditz addicions soient entrelessez. Purveux toutfoitz, qe mesqe les ditz briefs d'actions personelx ne soient accordauntz as recordes, ou faites par la superplusage des addicions suisditz, qe pur celle cause ils ne soient abatuz. Et qe les clerks de la chauncellarie southe qi nouns tielx briefs isserount escriptes, ne entrelessent, ne facent omissioun des ditz additions, come dessuis est dit, sur peine d'estre punys affaire fyn au roy par discrecioun de chaunceller. Et qe cest ordinaunce teigne force en temps avenir. 29. X. An act providing that in every original writ in which an exigent is awarded, certain additions shall be made. Also, the commons pray that in all original writs of personal actions, appeals, and indictments in which exigents are awarded, additions should be made alongside the [col. b] names of the defendants in such original writs, appeals and indictments specifying their estate or degree, or their occupation, and the towns, hamlets, or places, along with the counties, in which they were, are or should be living. And if by process arising from the said original writs, appeals or indictments in which the said additions are omitted, any outlawries are pronounced, that they should be annulled, invalidated and held at nought, and that before the outlawries are pronounced the said writs and indictments should be annulled by exception of the party when the said additions are missing in the same. Provided at all times that if the said writs of personal actions are not in agreement with the records, or if the aforesaid additions have been superimposed, that they should not be destroyed for this reason. And that the clerks of the chancery under whose names such writs are written out should not leave out or omit the said additions, as said above, on pain of being punished by paying a fine to the king at the discretion of the chancellor. And that this ordinance should hold force in time to come.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Quant al seute de partie, le roy voet, a comencer apres la feste de Seint Michel proschein avenir. (fn. iv-3-151-1) With regard to the suit of the party, the king wishes this to begin after Michaelmas next. (fn. iv-3-151-1)
XI. < An act conserning the rebellion in Wales. > XI. [An act concerning the rebellion in Wales].
30. Item, priount les communes, qe come en temps d'icest rebellioun de Gales, plusours des loialx lieges de roy nostre soverayn seignur, si bien Englois come Gales, ount este en diversez parties de Gales sur le chastisement des rebelles illeoqes, par commaundement nostre dit seignur le roy et soun counsaille, a quel temps aucuns des ditz rebelles, si bien a chivalle come a pee, trovez armez en fere de guerre encountre lour foy et ligeaunce, furent tuez, et aucuns mahaymes, batuz, naufrez, prisez et emprisonez, lour biens et chateux emportez par voz ditz foialx lieges, a cause suisdit, come bien list, solonc ce qe par nostre dit seignur le roy et soun counseille alors estoit ordeine en celle partie. Et ce noun obstaunte, plusours des ditz rebelles esteaunt unquore en vie, et autres de sank proschein a ceux rebels ensi mortz, ou lour amys, ore de jour en autre font quarelles et graunde pursuite envers les ditz foialx lieges, demurrantz ou receauntz en ycelles parties, et en les countees pluis proscheins a Gales esteauntz, surmettaunt en eux, q'ils tiel chose, come dessuis est dit, a eux mesmes, ou a lour cosyns ou amys, fauxement ount faitz, pur laquel ils demaundont de les ditz foialx lieges haute amendes, manassauntz q'ils autrement vorront estre sur ce avengez: parount mesmes les ditz foialx lieges sount grevousement vexez en plusours parties et seignuries de Gales, aucuns de eux par enditementz, acusementz ou empechementz; et aucuns par manasses et distressez prisez; et aucuns par lour corps prisez et emprisonez, tanqe al temps q'ils ount fait gree a eux en celle partie, ou q'ils vorrount eux excuser de la mort de tielx rebelles ensi tuez, par un assache solonc la custume de Gales, c'est a dire par le serement de .ccc. hommes, et de toutz tielx autres trespasses avaunt especifiez eaux acquiter. A tresgraund damage et anientisement de les ditz foialx lieges, et malveys ensample en temps avenir, si due remedene soit purveu le pluis tost en cest partie. 30. XI. An act concerning the rebellion in Wales. Also, the commons pray that whereas, during the recent rebellion in Wales, many of the loyal lieges of our sovereign lord the king, both English and Welsh, have been stationed in various parts of Wales for the purpose of chastising the rebels there, by order of our said lord the king and his council, during which time some of the said rebels, on horse as well as on foot, having been found armed in order to wage war contrary to their faith and allegiance, were killed, and others maimed, assaulted, wounded, captured and imprisoned, their goods and chattels being carried off by your said faithful lieges for the aforesaid reason, as is permitted in accordance with what was previously ordained on this matter by our said lord the king and his council. Nevertheless, many of the said rebels are still alive, and others who are related to those rebels thus killed, or their friends, now make daily complaints and bring great suits against the said faithful lieges dwelling or residing in these parts and in the counties closest to Wales, and they wrongly accuse them of having done such things as are described above to themselves, or to their kinsmen or friends, for which they demand substantial compensation from the said faithful lieges, threatening that otherwise they will be avenged for this: for which reason the said faithful lieges are grievously harassed in many parts and lordships of Wales, some of them by indictments, accusations or prosecutions; and some are seized under threats and duress; and some are bodily captured and imprisoned until such time as they have either compensated them in this matter or shown themselves willing to answer for the death of these rebels whom they have killed and for all other such trespasses as specified above, by a trial held in accordance with the custom of Wales, that is to say by the oath of 300 men. And this is to the very great harm and injury of the said faithful lieges, and sets an evil precedent for time to come unless due remedy is provided as swiftly as possible in this matter.
Soit ordeigne en cest present parlement, qe tiel querelle, actioun ou demaunde, mes ne soit fait desore enavaunt par art ne par engyne a ascun de les foialx lieges par nulle de ceux quelles ount este rebellez, ne pur [sic: read 'par'] lour adherauntz, soit il cosyn, allye, ou amy, ne par nulle autre qeconqe, sur la peyne qe celluy qe le face en temps avenir encourge la peine de vie et de membre, et de forisfaire toutz ses biens et chateux al seignur de le seignurie ou terre en la quel tiel chose soit fait, envers aucuns des ditz foialx lieges, a cause suisdit, ou serra fait en cas semblable a temps avenir. Et outre, qe les seignurs, dames et autres queux ount seignurie ou terre en Gales, deins mesme lour seignurie ou terre, et lour ministres, soient chargiez en cest present [p. iv-11][col. a] parlement, sur la foie en la quelle ils sount tenuz au roy nostre soverayn seignur, celle ordinaunce chescun en lour seignurie et terre firmement garder, en la salvacioun del estat de les ditz foialx lieges. Let it be ordained in this present parliament that no such complaint, action or demand may any longer be made by art or malice against any one of these faithful lieges by any persons who have been rebels, or by their adherents, be they kinsman, ally or friend, or by any other such person; with the penalty that if anyone attempts this in time to come he shall incur the loss of life and limb and forfeit all his goods and chattels to the lord of the lordship or land in which this thing is done, or may be done in a similar situation in time to come, against any of the said faithful lieges, for the aforesaid reason. Furthermore, that the lords, ladies and others who hold a lordship or land in Wales, within their same lordship or land and their ministries should be charged in this present [p. iv-11][col. a] parliament, on the faith by which they are bound to the king our sovereign lord, to uphold this ordinance to the full, each within their own lordship and land, for the salvation of the estate of the said faithful lieges.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy le voet, sur peine de paier au partie grevee treble damages, et d'enprisonement de deux ans, et de faire fyn celle partie avaunt soun deliveraunce de prisone. (fn. iv-3-158-1) The king wills it, on pain of their paying triple damages to the grieved party and being imprisoned for two years, and paying a fine for this before their release from prison. (fn. iv-3-158-1)
[memb. 3]
XII. < Pur punissement de corrupt jurrours. > XII. [Concerning the punishment of corrupt jurors].
31. Item, suppliont les communes, qe come diversez gentz du dit roialme ount este sovent delaiez de lour droiturel actione, et ascuns foitz disheritez, par malveys et faux trialle des jurrous, [sic: read 'jurrours'] si bien en arraiez d'enquestes de nisi prius et d'assises, come en le trialle de lour testes, affirmauntz par lour serement, qe l'aray est duement fait, quant mesmes celuy triours d'array ount resceuz de l'un partie ou de l'autre diversez sommes d'ore ou d'argent, ou autres biens, pur affermer les ditz arraiez, ou desaffermer, et ensy trier les testes, et le title del actioun, entierment pur la partie de quel ils ount les ditz biens ensy resceuz: rien ou poy considerauntz forsqe soulement le value de lour resceit, ou de ce q'ils ount par promesse a resceyver, en graund arrerisement d'execucioun del commune loie par my tout le roialme d'Engleterre, et en final destruccioun et anientisement de voz povers lieges, les queux fuont lour actione par cours de la commune leye, et riens ount a doner pur accomplir malvys coveytise des jurrours suisditz, les queux de ley pur lour trialle ensy faire riens ne duissent resceiver. 31. XII. Concerning the punishment of corrupt jurors. Also, the commons pray that, whereas various people of the said kingdom have been frequently delayedin their rightful actions, and sometimes disinherited, by evil and false trial by jurors, both in arraignments of inquests of nisi prius and of assizes, and in the trial of their witnesses, confirming on their oath that the arraignment has been correctly done, whereas in fact the same triers of arraignment have received from one party or the other various sums of gold and silver or other goods to affirm or deny the said arraignments, and thus to try the witnesses and the title of the action wholly on behalf of the party from whom they have thus received the said goods: having little or no consideration for anything except the value of what they receive, or what they have been promised that they will receive, thereby hindering greatly the execution of the common law throughout all the kingdom of England and causing the ultimate destruction and ruin of your poor lieges, who bring their actions by recourse to the common law, and have nothing with which to satisfy the wicked greed of the aforesaid jurors, who ought by law to receive nothing for thus serving at the trial.
Qe pleise ordeigner, qe chescun jurrour qi par vostre loye de ce jour enavaunt est a sermenter en qeconqe actioun ou inquisicioun aprendre, et en toutz les dependauntz d'icelles, soit sermente, come il ad este use devaunt sez heures; et outre q'il n'ad rien resceu, ne rien resceivera, par promesse, n'autrement, par luy ne par autre a soun oeps ne profit, ne q'il n'ad paour de nully pur soun trial de chalange ou verdit dire en null manere. Et si purra estre convicte de sa conisaunce par [sic: read 'pur'] soun serement q'il ad resceu aucun bien, ou par promesse resceivera, pur soun verdit de chalange dire, come dessuis est dit, qe maintenaunt soit il trahe hors du panelle, et soit tenuz de paier a roy taunt de somme come il ad resceu, ou < par > promesse resceivera, devaunt ce q'il departe hors de court. Et outre ce, soit emprisone par discrecioun des justices. May it please you to ordain that all jurors who, by your law, from this day onwards are asked to swear in any action or inquisition to be taken, and in all matters dependent on the same, should be sworn in the same way as they have customarily been before this time; and in addition to swear that they have received nothing, nor will receive anything through any promise or otherwise, either in person or through another for their own use and profit, nor that they have been paid by anyone in any way for their trial of a dispute or their giving of a verdict. And if any such juror is convicted of knowingly, in return for his oath, receiving something, or if he knew that he was to receive something through a promise for giving his verdict in a dispute, as was said above, that he should be removed immediately from the panel and obliged to pay to the king a sum equal to that which he had received, or been promised that he would receive, before he leaves court. Furthermore, he should be imprisoned at the discretion of the justices.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy s'advysera. The king will consider this further.
XIII. < An act that aliene straungers shall not enjoye any benefice wythin this realme. > XIII. [An act providing that alien strangers shall not enjoy any benefice within this realm].
32. Item, suppliont les communes, qe come il estoit ordeignez par parlement tenuz a Westm' fait en temps du roy Richard nadgairs roy d'Engleterre, l'an de soun regne trezisme, qe nulle alien de noz adversairs de Fraunceis n'aueroit, n'enjoieroit, nulle benefice deins ceste roialme, pur certeins causes qe aveignent et puissent advenir, mes q'ils serroient deliverez et voidez tout nettement hors du roialme, devaunt certein temps en le dit ordinaunce limitez, come en icelle est pleinement contenuz. Et a quele heure qe aucuns priories aliens conventuelx, ou aucun autre benefice ou office duez par le title du roy, voident par le cession ou deces des ditz priours et autres occupiours, q'adonqes estoent durauntz les guerres, honestes persones Englois y soient mysez en lieu de eux, pur accomplir le divine service, et nulle des enemys dessuisditz. (fn. iv-3-169-1) Et nientcontresteaunt le dit ordinaunce, les ditz aliens Fraunceys, par male ymaginacione et brocage de contenuer les malveys meschiefs du dit ordinaunce, purchacent lettres patentes du roy d'estre denizeins et lieges du roy, et jurent de ce contenuer, al entent d'occupier et enjoier les ditz benefices: et issint unquore occupiont plusours benefices encountre la dit ordinaunce. Paront les aliens Fraunceys sont encrescez, en arrerisement des lieges du roy, [col. b] et graund tresour du roy et de soun roialme emportent hors de roialme, et le counseille du roiaume discoveront a noz ditz enemys de Fraunce; a graund damage al roialme, si due remede ne soit purveu. 32. XIII. An act providing that alien strangers shall not enjoy any benefice within this realm. Also, the request of the commons: whereas it was ordained by parliament held at Westminster in the time of King Richard, formerly king of England, in the thirteenth year of his reign [January 1390], that no alien from amongst our French adversaries should have or enjoy any benefice within this kingdom, on account of certain things which happen and might happen, but that they should be completely expelled and evicted from the kingdom before a certain time specified in the said ordinance, as is clearly specified in the same; and that whenever any conventual alien priories, or any other benefice or office endowed by title of the king, becomes vacant by the cession or death of the said priors or any other holders then in office during the wars, honest English persons and not any of the aforesaid enemies should be appointed in their place to perform the divine service. (fn. iv-3-169-1) Yet, notwithstanding the said ordinance, the said French aliens, continuing to commit the evil wrongs specified in the said ordinance by evil scheming and bribery, purchase letters patent from the king allowing them to become the king's denizens and lieges, and they swear to continue as such, with the intention of occupying and enjoying the said benefices: and so they still occupymany benefices contrary to the said ordinance. By reason of which the French aliens have increased in number at the expense of the king's lieges, [col. b] and much of the great treasure of the king and his kingdom is taken out of the realm, and they disclose the secrets of the kingdom to our said French enemies; risking great damage to the kingdom unless a proper remedy is supplied.
Qe soit ordeigne en cest present parlement, qe la dit ordinaunce soit fermement tenuz et gardez et duement executz. May it be ordained in this present parliament that the said ordinance be firmly upheld and preserved, and duly executed.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy le voet, forspris les priours aliens conventuelx, et auxi toutz autres priours q'ont institucioun et inductioun; parainsi q'ils soient catholiks, et q'ils facent seurtee q'ils ne discoevererent ne ferront discoverer le counsail et les secretes du roialme. (fn. iv-3-173-1) The king wills it, excepting the conventual alien priors, and also all other priors who have rights of institution and induction; provided that they are Catholics, and that they give surety that they will not disclose or cause to be disclosed the counsel and secrets of the kingdom. (fn. iv-3-173-1)
XIIII. < Pur perambulations des forestes. > XIIII. [Concerning perambulations of the forests].
33. Item, priont les communes, qe come plusours terres, tenementz, bois, et autres possessions de diversez lieges nostre seignur le roy en diverses countes d'Engleterre fuissent afforestes, par ambulations des forestes, et chivacher de puralez, queux furent faitz en temps le roy Edward besaiel nostre seignur le roy qu'ore est, coment qe mesmes les terres, tenementz, bois, et autres possessions, a devaunt fuissent hors de boundes de forestes, a tresgraund empoverissement et destructioun des plusours lieges nostre dit seignur le roy, queux ount perduz avauntagez de lour terres, tenementz, et possessions, a cause de perambulacioun et chivachers avauntditz, < et > encontre le forme de la chartre de < forest > avaunt ses heures fait. 33. XIIII. Concerning perambulations of the forests. Also, the commons pray that, whereas many lands, tenements, woods and other possessions of various lieges of our lord the king in various counties of England were afforested by perambulations of forests and ridings of the bounds undertaken in the time of King Edward [III], great-grandfather of our lord the present king, even though the same lands, tenements, woods and other possessions had been previously outside the boundaries of the forest; causing the very great impoverishment and ruin of many lieges of our said lord the king, who thereby lost the issues of their lands, tenements and possessions because of the aforesaid perambulation and ridings, and contrary to the form of the charter of the forest made before this time.
Qe pleise a nostre dit seignur le roy, del assent de toutz les seignurs espirituelx et temporelx en cest present parlement esteauntz, grauntier et ordiner, bois et autres possessions qeqonqes deins le roialme d'Engleterre, queux furent afforestes, ou mys deins boundes de forestes, par toutz les perambulacions et chivachers en temps le dit besaiel, encountre le fourme de la dit chartre de forest, et auxi ceux queux furent hors de boundes de forestes a devaunt les perambulacions et chivachers avauntditz, soient disafforestes, et fait de eux come de terres, tenementz, bois, et possessions hors de boundes de forestes, a toutz jours: nient obstaunt aucun estatut, ordinaunce, perambulacione ou chivacher de forest, ou de pouraile fait a contraire. Et qe chescun liege de nostre dit seignur le roy fraunchement et peisiblement en temps avenir puist faire et prendre ses profitz et commoditees de ses ditz terres, tenementz, bois et possessions issint disaforestez, saunz destourbaunce, empeschement, ou impediment de nostre dit seignur le roy et ses heirs, ou des justices, verders, forsters, regardours, ou autres ministrez des forestes avauntditz. Et qe nulle attachement pur vere ne pur venisoun, ne pur nulle autre article d'estatutz de forestez, soit fait deins les boundes des ditz terres, tenementz, bois et autres possessions issint disafforestez, en temps avenir, mes qe le ditz forestes soy teignent solonc les aunciens boundes avaunt les ditz perambulacions et chivachers limitez. May it please our said lord the king, by the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal attending this present parliament, to grant and ordain that woods and other possessions of any kind within the kingdom of England which were afforested, or placed within forest boundaries, by any of the perambulations and ridings made in the time of the said great-grandfather, contrary to the form of the said charter of the forest, as well as those which were outside the forest boundaries prior to the aforesaid perambulations and ridings, should be disafforested, and established as lands, tenements, woods and possessions forever outside forest boundaries: notwithstanding any statute, ordinance, perambulation or riding of the forest or of the boundaries made to the contrary. And that any liege of our said lord the king might freely and peaceably in time to come make and take his profits and commodities from his said lands, tenements, woods and possessions thus disafforested, without disturbance, accusation or hindrance from our said lord the king and his heirs, or his justices, verderers, foresters, inspectors or other ministers of the aforesaid forests. And that no attachment for vert or venison, or for any other article of the statutes of the forests, should be made within the boundaries of the said lands, tenements, woods and other possessions thus disafforested in time to come, but that the boundaries of the said forests should accord with those fixed before the said perambulations and ridings.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Si aucuny se sente grevez encountre la chartre de la forest, sue au roy en especial, et le roy luy ferra droit. If anyone considers himself aggrieved by any action which is contrary to the charter of the forest, let him sue to the king individually, and the king shall do right by him.
XV. < Pur eux qui avont accompt en l'escheker de non pluis charger. > XV. [To prevent those who have accounted in the exchequer from being further charged].
34. Item, priont les communes, qe come par diversez estatuts faitz si bien en temps de tresnoble roy Edward tierce nadgairs roy d'Engleterre, come en temps de nostre < tres > redoute seignur le roy vostre pier, qe Dieux assoille, a la request de communes du roiaume estoit purveu et ordeine, qe les viscountz d'Engleterre pur le temps esteauntz accompterent en l'escheqer, aient allouaunce par lour serementz des issues et profitz de lour countes: nientcontresteaunt les estatuts et ordinaunces avauntditz, les viscountz des countees de Kent, Sussex', Surr', Norff', Suff', Salop', Devon', sount chargiez sur lour accomptz en vostre escheqer severalment de les fermes pur les profitz des ditz countees, et d'un autre somme appelle novelle encres d'icelle, la ou greindre partie de mesmes les fermes et somme n'est my levable deins les [p. iv-12][col. a] countees avauntditz, et ne purront mye < ent > estre deschargez par lour serementz sur lour accomptz en vostre escheqer avauntdit, a grant anientisement et empoverissement si bien des viscountz come des communes en countees avauntditz. 34. XV. To prevent those who have accounted in the exchequer from being further charged. Also, the commons pray that, whereas by various statutes made in the time of the most noble king Edward III, formerly king of England, as well as in the time of our most feared lord the king your father, whom God absolve, at the request of the commons of the kingdom it was provided and ordained that the sheriffs of England then in office should account in the exchequer, having allowance on their oaths for the issues and profits of their counties: yet notwithstanding the aforesaid statutes and ordinances, the sheriffs of the counties of Kent, Sussex, Surrey, Norfolk, Suffolk, Shropshire and Devon are separately charged on their accounts in your exchequer with the farms for the profits of the said counties, and with another sum called the novel increment on the same, even though the majority of these farms and this sum is certainly not capable of being levied within the [p. iv-12][col. a] aforesaid counties; and they are wholly denied any discharge of this by their oaths on their accounts in your aforesaid exchequer, to the great injury and impoverishment of the sheriffs as well as the commons in the aforesaid counties.
Qe pleise a vostre tresexcellent seignurie, et treshaut discrecioun, par auctorite de cest present parlement ordeigner et establir, qe les ditz ordinaunces et estatuts soient tenuz et gardez. Adjoustantz a icelles, qe les viscounts des countes avauntditz pur le temps esteauntz desore enavaunt eient allouaunce sur lour accompts en vostre dit escheqer par lour serementz, de ce q'ils ne purrount my lever, si bien des ditz fermes pur les profitz des countees avauntditz, come des ditz sommes appellez novelle encres d'icelle. Parissint qe les viscountz de mesmes les countees n'eient mestier desore enavaunt de suer a vous, tresredoute seignur, ne a vostre counsaill, pur aucun pardon avoir de les fermes et somme avauntditz, ne d'ascun parcelle d'icelle; pur Dieu, et en oevre de charite. May it please your most excellent lordship and most high discretion by authority of this present parliament to ordain and establish that the said ordinances and statutes shall be upheld and preserved. Adding to this that the sheriffs of the aforesaid counties then in office shall henceforth have allowance on their accounts in your said exchequer by their oaths for whatever they are incapable of levying in terms of both the said farms for the profits of the aforesaid counties and the said sums known as the novel increment on the same. This is with the intention that the sheriffs of the same counties shall, from now on, have no need to sue to you, most feared lord, or to your council, to obtain any pardon for the aforesaid farms and sum or any part of the same; for God, and by way of charity.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy voet, qe les viscounts des countes comprisez deins cest peticioun veignent devaunt son counsaille, appellez a mesme le counsaille les barons de l'escheqer, et y monstrent lour grevaunces en especial, et le dit counsaille lour ferra remede par auctorite du parlement. The king wills that the sheriffs of the counties named in this petition shall come before his council, the barons of the exchequer having been summoned to the same council, and shall there individually explain their grievances; and the said council shall supply them with a remedy by authority of parliament.
XVI. < Pur viscounts d'accompte en l'excheker et d'avoir lour allouance sur lour serement especialment pur les visconts de Exeter [sic: read 'Essex'] et Hertford. > XVI. [For sheriffs to account in the exchequer and to have their allowance on their oath, particularly for the sheriffs of Essex and Hertfordshire].
Item, suppliont les chivalers, esquiers, et les communaltes des countees d'Essex' et Hertf', qe come en [les] estatut [sic: read 'estatuts'] faitz si bien en temps de le tresnoble roy Edward tierce, l'an de son reigne primer, come en temps de nostre tresredoute seignur le roy vostre pere, qe Dieux assoille, l'an de soun regne primer, a les peticions des comunes du roiaume, fuist purveu et ordeigne, qe toutz les viscountz d'Engleterre, et en especial les viscountz d'Essex' et Hertf', a cause qe la communalte del counte d'Essex' paierent au roy Richard nadgairs roy d'Engleterre .mm. marz, n'ascounterent en l'escheqer nostre seignur le roy de nulle denir a levir de nully, si noune par lour serementz: (fn. iv-3-190-1) nient contresteant les ordinaunces avauntditz, les viscounts d'Essex' et Hertf' unqore sount chargez en le dit escheqer des diverses greinders sommes des denirs nient levables deins les countees suisditz; c'estassavoir, de ccxxi li. ix s. ii d. del ferme des countees suisditz puis terres donez; et de .l. marcz del ferme des profitz de mesmes les countees, en graunt destructioun des viscountz avauntditz, et oppression des communes des ditz countees. XVI. For sheriffs to account in the exchequer and to have their allowance on their oath, particularly for the sheriffs of Essex and Hertfordshire. Also, the request of the knights, esquires and the communities of the counties of Essex and Hertfordshire: whereas in the statutes made in the time of the most noble King Edward III, in the first year of his reign [1327], as well as in the time of our most feared lord the king your father, whom God absolve, in the first year of his reign [1399], at the petitions of the commons of the realm, it was provided and ordained that none of the sheriffs of England, and especially not the sheriffs of Essex and Hertfordshire, because the community of the county of Essex paid King Richard, formerly king of England, 2,000 marks, should account in the exchequer of our lord the king for a single penny to be levied from anyone, unless it was by their oaths: (fn. iv-3-190-1) yet, notwithstanding the aforesaid ordinances, the sheriffs of Essex and Hertfordshire are still charged in the said exchequer with various great sums of money which cannot be levied within the aforesaid counties; namely, with £221 9s. 2d. for the farm of the aforesaid counties excluding lands granted out, and with 50 marks for the farm of the profits of the same counties; bringing great ruin upon the aforesaid sheriffs and oppression to the commons of the said counties.
Pleise a vostre roial mageste considerer les matiers suisditz, et sur ce deschargier les ditz viscountz desore enavaunt, par auctorite de cest parlement, de les sommes avauntditz, forqe d'atant de mesmes les sommes come les ditz viscountz eux voudrent charger par lour serementz affaire en le dit escheqer, issint q'ils n'eient mestier de suir a nostre seignur le roy, ou a soun counsaille, pur aucun pardoun avoir de les ditz sommes en temps avenir; ou autrement, qe les viscounts des ditz countees, sur lour accompts a rendres desore enavaunt soient taunt soulement chargez pur les deux fermes avauntditz de cent marcz, saunz pluis. Et qe les ditz viscountz eient allouance chescun an en lour accompt des aunciens almoignes, fees, et annuitees, qe amountent a lxvli. v s., queux soloient devaunt ces heures estre allouez deins les deux fermes avauntditz. May it please your royal majesty to consider the aforesaid matters, and thereupon to discharge the said sheriffs from the aforesaid sums henceforth by authority of this parliament, excepting such sums as the said sheriffs are willing to be charged with by their oaths to be sworn in the said exchequer, so that they shall have no need to sue to our lord the king or to his council in order to obtain any pardon for the said sums in time to come; or alternatively, that the sheriffs of the said counties, on their accounts to be rendered henceforth, shall only be charged with the amount for the aforesaid two farms of 100 marks, and no more. And that the said sheriffs shall have allowance each year in their account for ancient alms, fees, and annuities, which amount to £65 5s., which they used to be allowed in the past within the aforesaid two farms.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy voet qe les viscountz des countees comprisez deins ceste peticioun veignent devaunt son counsaille, appellez a mesme le counsaille les barons del escheqer, et y monstrent lour grevaunces en especial, et le dit counsaille lour ferra remede par auctorite du parlement. The king wills that the sheriffs of the counties named in this petition shall come before his council, the barons of the exchequer having been summoned to the same council, and there explain their specific grievances; and the said council shall supply them with a remedy by authority of parliament.
XVII. < Pur non doner des neofs en nosme de deodayn. > XVII. [That ships should not be given by way of deodands].
35. Item, priont les communes, qe come neofs, barges, balangiers, bateux et autres vesselx semblables pur le mier et autres rivers, ne purront eux mesmes mover, mes aucun foitz par les gentz, et [col. b] aucun foitz par la course de l'ewe eux movaunt, en manere come a nostre sire luy toutpuissaunt y plerra; et ce noun obstant, aucun foitz pleuseurs mariners, lour servauntz et autres, < en tielx > vesselx esteaunt sodeignement par le mower de mesmes les vessalx eschient en l'ewe, ou ils sount noies; et ascun foitz par chaud melle aucun occist autri en mesme tielx vesselx: en quelle cas les vesselx sovent foitz ount esteez adjuggez, [memb. 2] prisez, et seisez en noun de deodande, encountre bone foy etconscience, a graund damage et final anientisment de les owynours de mesmes les vesselx; pur quels causes voz lieges, nostre seignur le roy, eschuont de jour en autre de faire noefs, barges ou autres vesselx, a graunt arrerisement et destructioun des navyes de vostre roialme suis dit, si due remedie ne soit en cest present parlement en ceste partie purveu. 35. XVII. That ships should not be given by way of deodands. Also, the commons pray that, whereas ships, barges, balingers, boats and other similar sea and river vessels for the sea and rivers are not capable of moving themselves, but are sometimes moved by people, and [col. b] sometimes by the flow of water stirring them, in a manner determined by Our Lord the most high; yet notwithstanding this, many mariners, their servants and others stationed in such vessels have on occasion fallen suddenly overboard because of the motion of the same vessels, where they have drowned; and on occasions, in the heat of the moment, someone kills another person in the same such vessels: in which situations the vessels have often been condemned, [memb. 2] taken, and seized in the name of a deodand, contrary to good faith and conscience, causing the great injury and ultimate ruin of the owners of the same vessels; for which reasons your lieges, our lord the king, frequently avoid building ships, barges or other vessels, risking great detriment to and destruction of the navies of your aforesaid kingdom, if due remedy in this matter is not supplied in this present parliament.
Pleise a nostre tressoverayn seignur le roy, en reliefment des navyes de vostre dit roiaume, et d'assent des seignurs espirituelx et temporelx en mesme le parlement assemblez, graciousement ordeigner, qe en nulle tiel cas avaunt expresse, ne en aucun manere, aucuns noefs, barges, balangers, batelx ou autres vesselx qeconqes, desore enavaunt soient, ou soit, prisez ou seisez en noun de deodandz ajuggez a vous nostre dit soverayn seignur, ne a vostre admiralle d'Engleterre, d'Irland ou d'Acquitaigne, ne a nulle autre a qi deodandez y appartient, en aucun manere. May it please our most sovereign lord the king, for the relief of the navies of your said kingdom, and by the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal assembled in the same parliament, to graciously ordain that in no such case mentioned above, or in any other way, should any ships, barges, balingers, boats or other such vessels be henceforth taken or seized in the name of deodands adjudged by you, our said sovereign lord, or by your admiral of England, Ireland or Aquitaine, or by anyone else to whom deodands pertain, in any way.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy s'advisera. The king shall consider this further.
XVIII. < Pur Richard Merlowe et autres merchauntz. > XVIII. [On behalf of Richard Marlow and other merchants, shipowners].
36. Item, priont les communes pur Richard Merlowe, Walter Gawtron', merchauntz de Loundres, Esmon Arnold, marchaunt de Dertmuth', et autres merchauntz d'icest roiaume, possessours de .viij. niefs: qe come ja tarde les suisditz .viij. niefs esteauntz a Burdeux en voie de marchaundise, feurent arrestez par comaundement de monseignur le duc de Clarence, alors lieutenaunt de nostre tresexcellent seignur le roy en la paiis de Guyane, au tiel entent, pur amesner et carier de la dite cite de Burdeux jesqes en Engleterre certeins persones, soldeours de moun dit seignur de Clarence, et lour hernoys et biens: sur quoy, par avys de moun dit seignur de Clarence, et de soune counsaille, pur la bone et substancial garde et governaunce des ditz gentz, niefs et biens, monsire Johan Colvyle, chivaler, fuist fait governour et capitain pur celle viage. Et si come les suisditz .viij. niefs feurent venauntz pesiblement en lour dit viage a Beale Isle, sur les costes de Bretaigne, avient q'ils la encontrent deux hulkes de pruce, chargez des vines et autres merchaundises, venauntz de la Rochel. Et pur avoir notice et conisaunce si les ditz deux hulkes, et les merchaundisez en ycelles, feurent spectauntz as enemys nostre dit seignur le roy, ou noun, le dit monsire Johan Colvyle envoia as maistres et marchauntz des ditz hulkes un de sez esquiers, et deux mestres des ditz niefs, en un batewe, commaundantz mesmes les maistres et marchauntz des ditz hulkes de mounstrer lour chartres de lour affrettementz, et disauntz as ditz maistres des ditz hulkes, qe s'ils avoient aucuns biens des enemys nostre dit seignur le roy deins lour ditz hulkes, q'ils les delivererent a dit monsire Johan Colvyle et a sa compaignie, et le dit monsire Johan Colvyle lour ferreit gree et paiement pur la freit d'icelle. Les queux maistres et marchauntz des ditz hulkes a ce ne vorroient pas respondre; mais lendemayn apres, orgoilousment, come gentz de guerre et come enemys a nostre dit seignur le roy ils surviendrent a dit monsire Johan Colvyle et a sa compaignie suisdite, et combaterent et firent graund assaut en voie de guerre countre eux, par manere qe graund noumbre des gentz lieges nostre seignur le roy par yceux esteauntz en les ditz hulkes furent la tuez a graunt partie. Nepurquaunt, par l'aide et grace de luy toutpuissaunt, les suisditz hulkes, et toutz les biens esteauntz en ycelles, furent pris par le dit monsire Johan Colvyle et sa dit compaignie esteauntz en les suis- [p. iv-13][col. a] ditz .viij. niefs, et amesnez as portz de Southampton' et de la Pool la ou ils sount unqore attendauntz. 36. XVIII. On behalf of Richard Marlow and other merchants. Also, the prayer of the commons on behalf of Richard Marlow, Walter Gawtron, merchants of London, Edmund Arnold, merchant of Dartmouth, and other merchants of this kingdom, the owners of eight ships: whereas the aforesaid eight ships were recently anchored at Bordeaux in order to trade, and were seized by order of my lord the duke of Clarence, then lieutenant of our most excellent lord the king in the land of Guyenne, for the following purpose: namely to transport and carry certain people, soldiers of my said lord of Clarence, together with their equipment and goods, from the said city of Bordeaux to England: whereupon, by the advice of my said lord of Clarence and his council, for the good and proper safeguarding and care of the said people, ships and goods, Master John Colville, knight, was made governor and captain for this journey. And just as the aforesaid eight ships, on their aforesaid journey, were peaceably approaching the Belle Isle off the coast of Brittany, it happened that there they encountered two hulks of Prussia laden with wines and other merchandise coming from La Rochelle. And to gain information and knowledge as to whether these said two hulks, and the merchandise carried in the same, were in the hands of the enemies of our said lord the king or not, the said Master John Colville dispatched one of his esquires and two masters of his ships, in a boat, to the masters and merchants of the said hulks, ordering the same masters and merchants of the said hulks to show them the charters for their cargo, and informing the said masters of the said hulks that if they had any of the goods of our said lord the king on board their said hulks, that they should deliver them up to the said Master John Colville and his company, and that the said Master John Colville would give them compensation and payment for freighting the same. The masters and merchants of the said hulks would not reply to this, but, on the following day, like men at war and enemies of our said lord the king, they arrogantly launched an attack on the said Master John Colville and his aforesaid company, and fought and made a great warlike assault upon them in such a way that a great number of the lieges of our lord the king were killed there by those in the said hulks. Nevertheless, with the aid and grace of the Most High, the aforesaid hulks and all the goods being transported in the same were captured by the said Master John Colville and his said company stationed in the aforesaid [p. iv-13][col. a] eight ships, and led to the ports of Southampton and Poole, where they are still being guarded.
Pleise a nostre dit seignur le roy considerer ceste mater, et sur ce graciousment ordeigner, qe les suisditz deux hulkes, ovesqe les biens et marchaundises suisditz, puissent attendre et demurrer en les ditz portz de Suthampton' et la Pool dessoutz save garde et governaunce, saunz aucun deliveraunce ou restitucioun en d'estre fait as suisditz maistres et marchauntz d'icelle, ou aucun autre en lour noun, tanqe al temps q'il soit determine et descusse si les ditz maistres et marchauntz des suisditz hulkes ount forfaitz lour ditz hulkes et marchaundises en cest cas, et si les suisditz possessours des ditz .viij. niefs, et les parnours d'icelle, sount dignez d'avoir icelles hulkes et merchaundisez, ou noun: ou autrement qe pleise a nostre dit seignur le roy de committer yceste cause en sa courte d'admiralte, pur estre la determine, discusse, et ajugge solonqe qe ley, bons et droiturelx usagez et custumez de dit court d'admiralte en tiel cas demaundent et requirent. May it please our said lord the king to consider this matter, and to graciously ordain regarding this that the aforesaid two hulks, with the aforesaid goods and merchandise, might wait and remain in the said ports of Southampton and Poole in secure and safe keeping, without being handed over or returned to the aforesaid masters and merchants of the same, or to anyone else in their name, until such time as it shall have been discussed and determined whether the said masters and merchants of the aforesaid hulks have forfeited their said hulks and merchandise as a result of this incident, and whether the owners of the aforesaid eight ships and the captors of the same deserve to have the same hulks and merchandise, or not: or alternatively, that it might please our said lord the king to delegate this matter to his Court of Admiralty to be determined, discussed and adjudged there as the law and the good and rightful usages and customs of the said Court of Admiralty demand and require in such a case.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy voet assigner certeins commissaries d'enquer, oier, et terminer la matire comprise en ceste peticioun, et sur ce faire droit as parties. The king wishes to assign certain commissaries to enquire into, hear and terminate the matter described in this petition, and thereupon to do right by the parties.
XIX. < Pur aliens de voider le realme. > XIX. [Request for the eviction of aliens from the kingdom].
37. Item, priount les communes, pur profit du roy et du roiaume, qe toutz maners aliens neez d'autry ligeaunce, enemys a nostre seignur le roy et a son roiaume d'Engleterre, de quel estat ou condicioun q'ils soient, soient nettement voidez hors du roialme, sur peyne de vie et de membre: et qe toutz autres aliens, si bien marchauntz come autres qe demourgent en Engleterre, soient tretez dessoutz les hostes come les Engloises sount tretez de pardela. 37. XIX. For aliens to leave the kingdom. Also, the commons pray, for the benefit of the king and the kingdom, that all kinds of aliens born of another ligeance, enemies of our lord the king and his kingdom of England, of whatever estate or condition they may be, shall be completely evicted from the kingdom on pain of life and limb: and that all other aliens, both merchants and others who dwell in England, shall be treated under their hosts as the English are treated overseas.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy le voet, sur peine d'emprisonement al voluntee du roy; forspris ceux ove queux y pleust au roy de soeffrer ou dispencer. The king wills it, on pain of imprisonment at the king's will; excepting those whom it shall please the king to excuse or absolve.
XX. < Des priours aliens. > XX. [Concerning alien priories].
38. Item, qe toutz les priories aliens, ovesqe les fees, avowesons, terres, tenementz, rentz, services, fraunchises, libertees et toutz autres commoditees a icelles priories appurtenauntz ou regardauntz, soient resumez et entierment seisiz en les mayns nostre seignur le roy, en reliefment et supportacioun de les communes; forspris ceux priories aliens, fees, advowesons, terres, tenementz, rentz, services, fraunchises, libertees et autres commodites suisditz, purchacez, ou a purchacers de ceux de les soveraignes measons de pardela par les lieges nostre seignur le roy, si bien espirituelx come temporelx, par licence du roy Edward ou de darrein roy Richard, ou de darrein roy Henry vostre pere, qe Dieu assoille, en enheritement, ou a terme de vie, ou a terme d'ans, ou en perpetuel almoigne, et duraunt les guerres. Et forspris priories aliens conventuelx enhabitez ovesqe religeous Engloises. Et qe ceste ordinaunce comencera a tenir lieu a la fest de Seint Michel proschein avenir. Et q'apres mesme le feste nulle fermer des ditz priories serra ouste des ditz priories, ne de les terres et tenementz as ditz priories regardauntz, saunz resonable garnisment. Et qe les fermers des ditz priories soient preferrez pur les avoir a ferme devaunt autres, paiant a taunt pur icelles come autres vorroient paier. Et qe apres les ditz fermers eient covenable jour et temps pur encarier, emporter et amesner lour biens, et chateux, vifs et mortz, ou lour plerra hors de les priories avauntditz, ou de les possessions d'icelles. 38. XX. Concerning alien priors. Also, that all alien priories, with their fees, advowsons, lands, tenements, rents, services, franchises, liberties and all other commodities pertaining or relating to the same priories, shall be resumed and taken in their entirety into the hands of our lord the king, to relieve and support the commons; except those alien priories, fees, advowsons, lands, tenements, rents, services, franchises, liberties and other aforesaid commodities which have been or will be purchased from those of the governing houses overseas by the lieges of our lord the king, spiritual as well as temporal, by licence of King Edward [III] or the late King Richard [II], or of the late King Henry your father, whom God absolve, in hereditary right, or for term of life or a term of years, or in perpetual alms, during the wars. And except conventual alien priories inhabited by religious Englishmen. And that this ordinance shall begin to take effect from Michaelmas next. And that after the same feast no farmer of the said priories will be ousted from the said priories, or from the lands and tenements appurtenant to the said priories, without reasonable warning. And that the farmers of the said priories shall be given preference over others to have them at farm, paying as much for the same as others would pay. And that afterwards the said farmers shall be given a reasonable day and time to cart away, carry off and remove their goods and chattels, living or dead, wherever it pleases them, from the aforesaid priories or from the possessions of the same.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy voet, qe toutz les possessions des priours aliens, et autres possessions des aliens qe sount occupiez par patentes des roys, soient resumez es mayns du roy. Forspris, qe les priours aliens qi sount perpetuelx et conventuelx aient et rejoisent lour priories; et qe apres la voidaunce des tielx priours aliens, [col. b] soient faitz priours Engloises covenables et honestes en lour lieus. Et auxi forspris ceux priories aliens, fees, advowesons, terres, tenementz, rentz, services, fraunchises, libertees et autres commoditees, purchacez, ou a purchacers, de ceux de les soveraignes maisons de pardela par les lieges nostre seignur le roy, si bien espirituelx come temporelx, par licence du roy Edward ou de darrein roy Richard, ou de darrein roy Henry, pier mesme nostre seignur le roy, en enheritement, ou a terme de vie, ou a terme des ans, ou en perpetuel almoigne, ou duraunt les guerres. Et voet nostre seignur le roy, qe ceste ordinaunce comencera a tenir lieu de la fest de Seint Michel proschein avenir; et qe apres mesme le feste nulle fermer des ditz priories serra ouste d'icelles priories, ne de les terres et tenementz a mesmes les priouries regardauntz, saunz raisonable garnisement. Et qe les fermers des ditz priories soient preferrez pur les avoir a ferme devaunt autres, paiauntz ataunt pur icelles come autres vorroient paier. Et qe apres, les ditz fermers aient covenable jour et temps pur encarier, emporter et amesner lour biens, et chateux, vifs et mortz, ou lour plerra hors de les priories avauntditz, ou de les possessions d'icelles. (fn. iv-3-221-1) The king wills that all the possessions of the alien priors, and all other possessions of aliens which are occupied by virtue of the king's patents, shall be resumed into the king's hands. Except that the alien priors who are perpetual and conventual shall have and enjoy their priories; and that after the expulsion of such alien priors, [col. b] suitable and honest Englishmen shall be appointed in their place. And also excepting those alien priories, fees, advowsons, lands, tenements, rents, services, franchises, liberties and other commodities purchased or to be purchased from those of the governing houses overseas by the lieges of our lord the king, spiritual as well as temporal, by licence of King Edward or the late King Richard, or the late King Henry, father of our same lord the king, in hereditary right, or for term of life or for a term of years, or in perpetual alms, or for the duration of the wars. And our lord the king wills that this ordinance shall take effect from Michaelmas next; and that after the same feast no farmer of the said priories shall be ousted from the same priories or from the lands and tenements pertaining to the same priories without reasonable warning. And that the farmers of the said priories shall be given preference over others to have them at farm, paying as much for the same as others would pay. And that after that the said farmers shall have a reasonable day and time for carting away, carrying off and removing their goods and chattels, living and dead, wherever it shall please them, from the aforesaid priories or from the possessions of the same. (fn. iv-3-221-1)
XXI. < An act that all Yrishe and Yrishe clerkes shal avoid the realme. > XXI. [An act decreeing that all Irishmen and Irish clerics shall quit the realm].
39. Item, priont les communes, pur quiete et tranquillite deins le roialme d'Engleterre, et pur l'encrees et estuffement de la terre d'Irland, qe ordeigne soit en cest present parlement, qe toutz Irrois, et clerks Irrois mendivauntes appellez chaumbirdeakyns, soient voidez hors du roialme parentre le fest de Seint Michel proschein avenir, et la fest de Toutz Seintz proschein ensuaunt, sur peine de vie et de membre: forspris ceux qi sount graduates en les escoles, et sergeauntz et apprentices de ley, et ceux qi sount enheritez en Engleterre, et relegiouses professes. Et qe toutz ceux Irrois q'ount benefices ou offices en la terre d'Irland demurgent sur lour benefices et offices, sur peine de perdre et forsfaire les profitz de lour benefices et offices pur la defence de < la > terre d'Irland avauntdit. 39. XXI. An act decreeing that all Irishmen and Irish clerics shall quit the realm. Also, the commons pray, in order to have peace and tranquillity within the kingdom of England, and for the benefit and provisioning of the land of Ireland, that it should be ordained in this present parliament that all Irishmen and mendicant Irish clerics, called chamberdeacons, shall be expelled from the kingdom between Michaelmas next and the following feast of All Saints [1 November], on pain of life and limb: except those who are graduates in the schools, and serjeants and apprentices of law, and those who have inherited in England, and professed religious persons. And that all those Irishmen who have benefices or offices in the land of Ireland shall remain in their benefices and in their offices, on pain of losing and forfeiting the profits of their benefices and offices, for the defence of the aforesaid land of Ireland.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy le voet, sur peine de perdre lour biens et d'estre emprisonez al volunte du roy. Forspris les marchauntz neez en Irland, de bone fame, et lour apprentices, a present demurrauntz en Engleterre; et ceux ove queux le roy voet despencer. (fn. iv-3-227-1) The king wills it, on pain of them losing their goods and being imprisoned at the king's will. Except merchants of good repute born in Ireland, and their apprentices, dwelling at present in England; and those whom the king wishes to excuse. (fn. iv-3-227-1)
XXII. < An act for disanulling of all letters patentz graunted forthe of the towne or marches of Caleis. > XXII. [An act annulling all letters patent granted for the town or marches of Calais].
40. Item, pur ce qe en temps si bien de noble roy Edward le tierce come de roy Richard le secund, queux Dieu assoille, toutz les revenuz, profitz et commodites des terres, tenementz, pescheries, custumes, et autres profitz qeconqes les ditz roys regardauntz en les ville et marches de Caleis, estoient ordinez d' estre levez par le tresorer de Caleis pur le temps esteaunt, en supportacioun des charges de mesmes les ville et marchez regardauntz; et depuis, graunde partie d'iceux ad este restreint par vertue des diverses lettres patentes as diverses capitaignes, et autres plusours persones diverses, si bien par le dit roy Richard, come par nostre tresredoute seignur le roy Henry quart, qe Dieu pardoint, au eux ent faitz, dount aucuns par colour de ferme nient resonable, et les autres saunz riens ent rendre, a graund damage du roialme d'Engleterre, et arrerisment des paiementz sur la sustentacioun des ditz ville et marches affaires. Et auxi, pur ce qe plusours offices des coillours des deniers provenauntz des ditz revenuz, custumes, profitz et commodites, les queux le dit tresorer [memb. 1] de Caleys en les temps suisditz ordeigna et assigna as persones suffisauntz pur queux il voudra respondre, a dureres et estre removez solom qe moefs luy sembla al profit du roy, ount este depuis, encountre les aunciens ordeignances et l'estatut en parlement ent fait, par diverses lettres patentes as [p. iv-14][col. a] diverses persones, si bien par le dit roy Richard come par nostre seignur roy Henry suisdit a eux ent faitz, as termes de lour vies, et autrement, occupiez; et par colour de lour ditz lettres patentes aucuns d'iceux, a ce qe est dit, le pluis negligentement serviz, saunz estre justisiez par le tresorer suisdit, a graund damage et arrerisment des paiementz suisditz en temps passe. 40. XXII. An act annulling all letters patent granted for the town or marches of Calais. Also, whereas in the time both of the noble king Edward III and of King Richard II, whom God absolve, it was ordained that all the revenues, profits and issues of lands, tenements, fisheries, customs and any other profits pertaining to the said kings in the town and marches of Calais should be levied by the treasurer of Calais in office at the time, in order to support the charges relating to the same town and marches; since when, a large proportion of them have been withheld by virtue of various letters patent made to various captains and various other people, both by the said king Richard and by our most feared lord the King Henry IV, whom God absolve, some specifying unreasonable farm, and others stating that nothing was rendered; to the great injury of the kingdom of England, and diminution of the payments which ought to be made for the maintenance of the said town and marches. And also, because many of the offices of collectors of the money arising from the said revenues, customs, profits and issues, which the said treasurer [memb. 1] of Calais at the time designated and assigned to worthy persons for whom he would answer, and who were to remain in office and be removed in accordance with whatever might seem most beneficial for the king, have been since held, contrary to the ancient ordinances and the statute made in parliament on this, as a consequence of various letters patent [p. iv-14][col. a] granted to various people by the said King Richard as well as by our lord the aforesaid King Henry, for the term of their lives and otherwise; and by virtue of their said letters patent some of these offices, so it is said, are most negligently administered, without any kind of punishment by the aforesaid treasurer, causing great injury and damage to the aforesaid payments in the past.
Sur quoy, pur eschuer tiels damages en temps avenir, pleise a nostre tresredoute seignur, de revoker et adnuller toutz maners lettres patentes as toutz maners des capitaines, et autres persones qeconqes, si bien des toutz maners des rentz, terres, et tenementz, custumes, et pescheries, et autres revenuz, profitz, et commodites qeqonqes en les ditz ville et marches, come des offices des coillours des tielx rentz, custumes, revenuz, profitz et commodites a eux ent fait devaunt ces heures encountre les ordinaunces suisditz, al fyn qe les ditz revenuz, profitz et commodites soient resumez as mayns nostre dit seignur le roy, sur la sustentacioun des paiementz et charges les ditz ville et marches regardauntz, saunz rien ent mettre a nulle autre oeps, et les ditz offices resonablement governez, solom qe moelfs y plerra a nostre tresredoute seignur le roy suisdit; par issint qe monsire Thomas, duc de Clarence, frere a nostre seignur le roy, ne soit restreint par ceste peticioun de nulles de ses possessions es ditz marches, a cause q'il paia pur icelle par bargayne .ix. c marcz en mayn, et est chargiez de paier < chescun an pur terme > de sa vie de sez terres propres, come dit est. Et qe nulle capitaine des chastelx illeoqes oustes de lour chastelx, ne de la garde d'icelle par < cause de la > peticioun avauntdit. Concerning which, to avoid such injuries in time to come, may it please our most feared lord to revoke and annul all manner of letters patent to all kinds of captains and other such persons regarding all these rents, lands and tenements, customs and fisheries, and other such revenues, profits and issues in the said town and marches, as well as the offices of the collectors of such rents, customs, revenues, profits and issues granted to them before this time contrary to the aforesaid ordinances, so that the said revenues, profits and issues may be resumed into the hands of our said lord the king in order to fund the payments and charges pertaining to the said town and marches, without any of this being put to any other use; and the said offices should be properly administered, in accordance with whatever best pleases our most feared lord the aforesaid king; with the proviso that my lord Thomas, duke of Clarence, brother of our lord the king, shall not be excluded by this petition from any of his possessions in the said marches, because he pays for these, by agreement, 900 marks in cash, and is obliged to pay this each year for the term of his life from his own lands, so it is said. And that no captain of any castle there shall be ousted from his castle or from the guarding of the same because of the aforesaid petition.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy le voet. (fn. iv-3-234-1) The king wills it. (fn. iv-3-234-1)
XXIII. < Pur les marchantz de passer franchement ouster la mere. > XXIII. [For merchants to pass freely over the sea].
41. Item, priount voz communes, qe toutz les marchauntz de cest roialme d'Engleterre, voz lieges, puissent fraunchement passer, transmetter et envoier par eux mesmes, ou par lour servauntz, lour biens, darres et toutz maners merchaundises, forspris les marchaundises de l'estaple, as qeconqes parties de pardela qe lour plerra; et mesmes les biens, darres, et marchaundises as qeconqes persones qe lour meulx semblera pur lour profit vender, de quel estat ou condicioun q'ils soient. Et auxint, qe mesmes voz merchauntz puissent fraunchement reachater en les ditz parties de par de la des toutz maners marchaundises queux lour semblera pluis profitables et necessaries pur vostre dit roialme, et mesmes les marchaundisez reamesner et r'envoier en vostre dit roialme d'Engleterre saunz destourbaunce ou empeschement de nully, en manere et fourme come voz ditz marchauntz feurent accustumez de faire en temps de voz nobles progenitours, paiaunt les ditz marchauntz voz lieges en alant et retournant les custumes et autres devoirs ent a vous, tresnoble seignur, duez, aucun proclamacioun fait a contraire noune obstaunt. Purveu toutfoitz, qe voz ditz marchauntz ne venderont, ne vendre ferront, deins vostre roialme d'Engleterre aucuns maners darres, biens, marchaundisez, a les janueys, ne a lour factours, servitours et attournez. Et ensement, qe voz ditz marchauntz, et lour servauntz, a tout foitz quant ils custument lour biens, darres, et marchaundises passantz hors de vostre dit roialme, serrount jurrez devaunt les custumers ou countrollours des portz ou ils eskipperont lour dit biens et marchaundises, qe mesmes les biens et merchaundises ne feurent venduz en Engleterre a les janueys, ne a les factours, servitours, ne attournes, par colour, fraude, ou collusione; ne qe [col. b] mesmes les marchaundises, darres, et biens ensi passauntz dehors la roialme ne serrount par eux transmys ne envoiez a la ville Jene, pur la par eux estre venduz as ditz janueys, ne aucun autre en lour noune. Et ce saunz autrement punir, empechier ou attempter voz ditz marchauntz ou lour servauntz en ce cas par autre proces ou empechement qeconqe. 41. XXIII. For merchants to pass freely over the sea. Also, the commons pray that all the merchants in this kingdom of England, your lieges, might freely export, dispatch and send, by their own agency or that of their servants, their goods, wares and all other kinds of merchandise, except merchandise of the staple, to whichever parts overseas they choose; and to sell the same goods, wares and merchandise to whomsoever seems to offer them the best deal, of whatever estate or condition they may be. And furthermore that your same merchants might freely repurchase in the said parts overseas whatever kinds of merchandise seem to them most profitable and necessary for your said kingdom, and bring or send back the same merchandise into your said kingdom of England without harassment or accusation by anyone, in the manner and form in which your said merchants have been accustomed to do in the time of your noble progenitors; provided that the said merchants, your lieges, in going and returning, pay the customs and other entitlements owed to you for this, most noble lord, notwithstanding any proclamation made to the contrary. Provided also at all times that your said merchants do not sell, or cause to be sold, within your kingdom of England any manner of wares, goods or merchandise to the Genoese, or to their agents, servants or attorneys. And similarly, that your said merchants and theirservants, whenever they pay customs' duty on their goods, wares, and merchandise exported from your said realm, shall swear before the customs officers or controllers of the ports from which they ship their said goods and merchandise that the same goods and merchandise were not sold in England by the Genoese, or by their agents, servants or attorneys, by colour, fraud or collusion; nor that [col. b] the same merchandise, wares and goods thus passing outside the kingdom shall be conveyed or sent by them to the town of Genoa, to be sold to the said Genoese or any others in their name. And this without in any way punishing, accusing or challenging your said merchants or their servants who do this by any other process or accusation of any kind.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy voet estre advisez par soune counsaille. The king wishes to be advised by his council.
XXIIII. < An act conserning the true measure off corne. > XXIIII. [An act concerning the purveyance of corn for the king's household].
42. Item, suppliount les communaltes des countees par my le roialme, qe come par l'assent des seignurs espirituelx et temporelx ordeigne soit en le temps des nobles progenitours nostre soverayn seignur le roy q'ore est, qe une mesure des blees serroit par tout le roialme d'Engleterre; c'estassavoir, .viij. busselx pur la quartre, et qe chescun busselle contiendra oept galons. Par force de queux ordinaunces tiel mesure ad este use, ove un bussell du dit quarter [comble] ; nient obstaunt les ditz bones ordinaunces et usages, les purveiours des blees si bien pur l'ostiel le pier nostre seignur le roy, qe Dieu assoille, come pur l'ostiel nostre seignur le roy q'ore est, qe Dieu garde, ount pris devaunt ces heures pur les ditz hostielx continuelment noef bussels de furment et d'autres blees pur le quarter, et ce plusours foitz par mesure nient enseale, et auxint nient rase, encountre la volunte des vendours d'icelles, saunz due pris mys sur ycelle solonc la ley de la terre: et auxint fount les vendours de carier les ditz blees a quel lieu qe lour pleist [sauns] riens paier pur la cariage. Et auxint les marchauntz et citezeins de la citee de Loundres usent de prendre de chescun vendour pur la quarter de furment noef busselx par une mesure use deins la dit cite appelle le Faat, ove une busselle mys sur le dit Faat: et unqore fount les vendours paier un maille pur la mesurage de chescun quarter, et preignent pur un quarter des aveynes dys busselx. Parount les achatours des blees en le pais ne voillent my achater ne prendre pur la quarter des blees, si noun en mesme la manere come les purveiours suisditz et ceux de la dite citee usent de prendre; en graunt arrerisment et perpetuel destruccioun de les comunaltes suisditz, si due remede ne soit purveu en celle partie 42. XXIIII. An act concerning the standard measure of corn. Also, the request of the communities of the counties throughout the kingdom: whereas, by the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal, it was ordained in the time of the noble progenitors of our sovereign lord the present king that there would be one measure of corn throughout the kingdom of England - namely, eight bushels to the quarter - and that each bushel would contain eight gallons; by force of which ordinances this measure has been employed, with one heaped bushel in each said quarter. Yet notwithstanding the said good ordinances and usages, the purveyors of corn for the household of the father of our lord the king, whom God absolve, as well as for the household of our lord the present king, whom God preserve, have continually in the past taken for the said households nine bushels of wheat and other types of corn per quarter, and this on many occasions with an unsealed measure, not levelled off, contrary to the wishes of the sellers of the same, without a proper price being paid for the same in accordance with the law of the land: and also they make the sellers transport the said corn to wherever it pleases them without paying anything for carriage. Furthermore, the merchants and citizens of the city of London are used to taking from every seller nine bushels for a quarter of wheat according to a measure called the vat used in the said city, with one bushel placed on the said vat: and they still make the sellers pay a halfpenny for measuring each quarter; and they take ten bushels for each quarter of oats. On account of which, purchasers of corn in the country do not want to purchase or receive a quarter of corn unless it is on the same terms as the aforesaid purveyors and those of the said city are accustomed to take it; to the great injury and perpetual ruin of the aforesaid communities, if due remedy is not provided in this matter.
Qe pleise a nostre seignur le roy, par assent des seignurs espirituelx et temporelx, d'ordeigner, qe toutz les ditz bons ordinances soient firmement tenuz et gardez solonc l'effect d'icelles, et qe nulle purveiour nostre seignur le roy, n'autre, ne usent enapres d'achater ne prendre aucuns blees par autre mesure si noun oept busselx rasez pur le quarter, et qe nulle soit tenuz autrement a deliverer pur la quarter si noun oept busselx rasez, come avaunt est dit; et auxint qe paiement soit fait prestement pur la cariage. Et qe si aucun purveiour nostre seignur le roy, ou autre persone, achate ou preigne aucuns blees autrement, ou par autre mesure si noun oept busselx rasez pur le quartre, come en les ditz ordinaunces est contenuz, et de ce soit atteint, eit l'enprisonement d'un an, et q'il paie au roy cent souldz, et a la partie qe se sente greve autre [cent] souldz; et ce ataunt de foitz qe aucun de eux de ce soit atteint. Et qe la partie qe voille suer eit actione fonduz sur la cas. Et qe les justices de la pees eient poair d'enquerir, et plee tenir, de toutz les choses avauntditz, et sur ce faire punissement, come avaunt est dit, si bien al la suite de roy come de partie. May it please our lord the king, with the consent of the lords spiritual and temporal, to ordain that all the said good ordinances be firmly upheld and preserved in accordance with the tenors of the same; and that no purveyor of our lord the king, or any other, shall become accustomed hereafter to buying or taking any corn by any measure other than that of eight levelled bushels per quarter; and that no-one shall be otherwise obliged to give for the quarter anything other than eight levelled bushels, as is said above; and also that payment shall be made in hand for carriage. And that if any purveyor of our lord the king, or anyone else, buys or takes any corn in any other way, or by any measure other than eight levelled bushels per quarter, as is specified in the said ordinances, and he is attainted of this, let him be imprisoned for one year and pay a hundred shillings to the king, and another hundred shillings to the party that shall feel aggrieved; and this whenever any one of them is attainted of this. And that any party that wishes to sue shall have an action based on the case. And that the justices of the peace shall have the power to enquire and hold pleas concerning all the aforesaid things and impose punishment in such cases, as is said above, at the suit of the king as well as of the party.
[editorial note: Responsio.] [editorial note: Answer.]
Le roy le voet; et qe desore riens soit pris pur la mesurage comprys en ceste peticioun. (fn. iv-3-247-1) The king wills it; and that henceforth nothing shall be taken for the measuring referred to in this petition. (fn. iv-3-247-1)

Appendix 1413

15 May 1413

Westminster

1

Grant to the inhabitants of the counties of Northumberland and Cumberland of exemption from payment of all 'tenths, fifteenths and taxes' granted in this parliament. By the king. Dated 13 June 1413 at Westminster.

Source : CPR 1413-16 , 28, 30.

2

Grant to the burgesses and commonalty of Newcastle upon Tyne of exemption from payment of the tenth and fifteenth granted in this parliament. By the king. Dated 7 July 1413 at Westminster.

Source : CPR 1413-16 , 57.

3

Recognisance for 10,000 marks from the mayor of London and others, on condition that Henry Somer [former chancellor of the exchequer]shall remain ready, until the end of this parliament, to answer to whatever charges shall be laid against him on behalf of the king and council or others concerning 'impeachments concerning money made against him and others in the last parliament'. Dated 1 April 1413 at Westminster.

Annotated: 'Cancelled by order of Henry bishop of Winchester the chancellor, because the condition is fulfilled'.

Source : CCR 1413-19 , 61-2.

4

Petition in parliament from Edmund, earl of March, to be recognised as being of full age and entitled to receive livery of his inheritance and perform homage to the king in parliament, despite the fact that 'by some inquisitions taken on the death of Roger [former earl of March] he has come to full age, and by others not'. The king has acknowledged him to be of full age, has taken his homage, and 'by authority of parliament' has granted him full livery of his inheritance. Dated 9 June 1413 at Westminster.

Source : CPR 1413-16 , 45; CCR 1413-19 , 20.

5

Commission for the arrest of William Perwyche and other malefactors who assaulted James Bellers, MP for Leicestershire, 'when returning from the last parliament at Westminster to his home', and left him for dead. By the council. Dated 27 June 1413 at Westminster.

Source : CPR 1413-16 , 114.

Footnotes

  • f1413int-1. Robert Lancaster, bishop of St Asaph, was the only bishop not to be summoned. No bishop of St Asaph had been summoned to parliament since October 1404.
  • f1413int-2. He was summoned throughout Henry's reign, until his death in 1418, under his father's name of Robert ( CP , VI.317-8).
  • f1413int-3. The abbot of Shrewsbury was for some reason omitted from the February 1413 list.
  • f1413int-4. HOC , I.230-1.
  • f1413int-5. HOC , IV.496-8.
  • f1413int-6. Harriss, Practice of Kingship , 144. Interestingly, Doreward had also stood in as speaker following John Cheyne's resignation in 1399.
  • f1413int-7. Harriss, Practice of Kingship , 174, points out that Henry V followed a much stricter policy than his father had done with regard to annuitants, so that by 1421 the crown's annuity bill had been cut by half, to £12,000.
  • f1413int-8. This agreement between Henry and his father's executors is dated 15 May, the first day of parliament, but seems to have been ratified in parliament on 3 June.
  • f1413int-9. A point particularly noted by the Welshman Adam Usk, who - probably because he was present in this parliament - is the only chronicler to give it more than a passing mention ( Chronicle of Adam Usk , 240-4).
  • f1413int-10. Both the Canterbury and York convocations also granted a clerical tenth, on 8 May and 28 July respectively: Wylie, Henry the Fifth , I.34.
  • f1413int-11. They paid a standard fee of 16s. 4d. each (Harriss, Practice of Kingship , 170). The original date by which pardons were to be purchased was 8 August, but it was later extended to Christmas ( CCR 1413-19 , 84-5).
  • f1413int-12. See the remarks of Adam Usk ( Chronicle of Adam Usk , 250).
  • f1413int-13. Wylie, Henry the Fifth , I.34.
  • f1413int-14. Harriss, Practice of Kingship , 144.
  • iv-3-13-1. Ecclesiasticus. xxxvii.20
  • iv-3-61a-1. CPR 1413-16 , 54
  • iv-3-64-1. Parliament of January 1404, items 26-31
  • iv-3-67-1. SR , II.124 (c. xii)
  • iv-3-69-1. CPR 1413-16 , 31
  • iv-3-73-1. CCR 1413-19 , 67, 84-5
  • iv-3-89-1. SR , II.170 (c. i)
  • iv-3-96-1. SR , II.170 (c. ii)
  • iv-3-138-1. SR , II.170-1 (c. iii)
  • iv-3-145-1. SR , II.171 (c. iv)
  • iv-3-151-1. SR , II.171 (c. v)
  • iv-3-158-1. SR , II.171-2 (c. vi)
  • iv-3-169-1. SR , II.68-74 (Stat. 2, 13 Richard II)
  • iv-3-173-1. SR , II.172-3 (c. vii)
  • iv-3-190-1. SR , I.255 (c. iv); II.114-5 (c. xi)
  • iv-3-221-1. CCR 1413-19 , 31-2
  • iv-3-227-1. SR , II.173 (c. viii)
  • iv-3-234-1. SR , II.173-4 (c. ix)
  • iv-3-247-1. SR , II.174 (c. x)