Henry VIII: March 1537, 16-20 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 12 Part 1, January-May 1537. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1890.

'Henry VIII: March 1537, 16-20', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 12 Part 1, January-May 1537, (London, 1890) pp. 292-305. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol12/no1/pp292-305 [accessed 25 April 2024]

March 1537, 16–20



16 March. R. O.	661. ROBBERY IN OXFORDSHIRE.
	Examination of Thomas Buckland on the 16 March 28 Hen. VIII. touching a robbery which he acknowledges to have been committed by him, and his confederates Henry Fletcher alias Francis, John Hanson, mason, and Ric. Tayler of Kingston, at Tackely, Oxon., at the house of Chr. Myles.
	Harry Fletcher also confesses the facts and informs against Spencer, one of the yeomen cooks to the lady Mary the King's daughter, as his confederate. Thinks he is at Cayo (Kew) where the lady Mary lies; but his house is at Greenwich, and he was sometime servant to the lady Katharine Dowager. This examination was taken by Thomas Vachell in presence of John Beke and Robert Blake, bailiffs of Reading, and Ric. Dodstone and Wm. Raynoldes, constables of the town. The witnesses signed the confession with their own hands.
	Pp. 2. Endd.
16 March. R. O.	662. WRIOTHESLEY.
	Record of the first manorial court held by Thomas Wriothesley at Cumleye, 16 March 28 Hen. VIII. Homage of John Milles, Robt. Aclond, Thos. Cranmer, John Hoflete, and Ric. Kember, the last four of whom "recognise" on what tenure they hold certain lands. Aclond holds by indenture dated at the chapter house at Quarre 1 July 24 Hen. VIII. to him and his wife Matilda, and their sons Rob. and Matilda, in survivorship, at a rent of 40s.
	Latin, p. 1.
16 March. R. O.	663. SIR JOHN DUDLEY to [CROMWELL].
	I have informed the King by post of the staying of the admiral of Sclews. The bearer, Andrew Flamake, can give further particulars, both of that and of the chase between the King's two other ships and the ship that was in the Admiral's company; "the which ship in no case would be spoken withal." It is believed to be the ship that robbed the ship of Rye last, to value of 300l., in which Oxenbridge, the Queen's groom porter, lost to the value of 50l. The Admiral denies this, and offers to be at the King's pleasure if it can be proved. He blames the lord of Camfyer, who, he says, sends out so many ships without wages, that they must be robbers. He has given me the names of those that took the ship of "bressyle" out of Hampton water, viz., Meker, Joppe, and Landerton; but he says Meker and Landerton go no more to sea. Joppe, who was the chief doer, is still abroad in a small pynk. He was then in a great ship, and has been before admiral of Sclews. This Admiral does not deny he has "borrowed, now and then, a piece of wine of Englishmen, and sometimes a barrel or two of herrings," but it was with their good wills. I told him this was not the fashion of gentlemen, and an Englishman would be severely punished for taking anything of the Emperor's subjects. I long for tidings of the other two ships, for it has been the sorest weather since. Even we under the coast had enough to do to save our ship. If his Highness wish me to keep the seas longer, I must have another ship till this be mended, for she leaks very sore. Friday, 16 March.
	Hol., pp. 2. Endd.
16 March. Add. MS. 8715 f. 352. B. M.	664. FAENZA to AMBROGIO.
	The Grand Master is leaving for the camp, four leagues away, and in three days they will march towards Flanders. They will not spend much time in these parts, but go in six weeks towards Italy. The French king, who did not go to Peronne, will be here today or tomorrow, and will go with the army; for he wishes to see the Emperor's country as the Emperor saw Provence. The king of Scotland has given me the letter of credence I write of in my other letter. The Admiral will go to his house much degraded; and the Grand Master is absolute.
	Italian, modern copy, pp. 2. Headed: D'Amiens li 16 Marzo 1537.
16 March. Add. MS. 8715 f. 352b. B. M.	665. The SAME to the SAME.
	* * *
	The King will be here today, and leave tomorrow for the camp. I shall remain here by their orders, and will communicate with them when the English Legate and the Nuncio arrive, of whom I have as yet no news. I hear, from a servant of the King of Scotland who has come from England, that the King of England is displeased that the King of Scotland accepted the sword which his Holiness sent, [saying that], as his friend, he ought not to have accepted it because it is intended against him. The Grand Master confirms this, and adds that the King of England says he knows his Holiness will take his title of Defender of the Church, and give it to the king of Scotland. From what I can hear, the people, seeing every day that no good can be expected of that King, who daily puts them to death by treachery, are more enraged than ever.—Fabric of St. Peter.
	Italian, modern copy, pp. 2. Headed: D'Amiens, li 16 Marzo 1537.
17 March. R. O.	666. HENRY VIII. to NORFOLK.
	We have received your letters by Dr. Thirleby, and seen your sundry letters to the lords of our Council and to the Lord Privy Seal. We thank you for your proceedings, imputing the fault of the commissions rather to those who were indeed to blame than to you, who being so busy "did not then mistrust that which was not to have been suspected." Which commission made perfect, with another for common causes you shall receive herewith. You shall now proceed against Hutton of Suethe, against whom Dr. Thirleby informs us you have found sufficient matter by a new information. We and our council thought his assembly, on pretence of making a supplication no less than high treason, even if this matter had not turned up. As to the friar that prayed for the Pope, it is thought here to be treason, but we refer his trial to your wisdom that none may take example by his presumption. You are also to proceed against the abbot of Gervaise and the quondam of Fountains, for whose apprehension we heartily thank you; also against the abbot of Salley, if you can find matter worthy of it, as we doubt not you shall. You may remember the letter sent by him to Sir Thomas Percy. We refer the arraignment and execution of the persons bailed by Sir Ralph Ellerker and others to your discretion. The rest we are content to take to mercy. From my lord of Durham's declaration, and other evidences, we see that the Friars Observants are disciples of the bp. of Rome, and sowers of sedition. You shall therefore do your best to apprehend the friars of that faction and place them in other houses of friars as prisoners, without liberty to speak to any man, till we shall determine our further pleasure about them. Finally, we shall within a few days send for lord Darcy, as you advise.
	Corrected draft in Wriothesley's hand, pp. 6. Endd.: The minute sent to my lord of Norfolk, 17^o Marcii.
17 March. Harl. MS. 6,989 f. 69. B. M.	667. PRIVY COUNCIL to NORFOLK.
	Debating his letters to the lord Privy Seal of the 12th, the King marvelled that Norfolk and his council seemed so resolved that the King could not be served upon the Marches but by noble men. When I would, quoth his Highness, have preferred my lord of Westmoreland to the wardenry of the East and Middle Marches, he utterly refused it, and Norfolk noted him to be a man of such heat and hastiness of nature as to be unmeet for it; and when I would have conferred it upon my lord of Rutland, he too refused, and Norfolk noted him a man of too much pusillanimity to have done good service; and surely he will not advise us to continue my lord of Northumberland in it; therefore, whom will he name? As to the West Marches, Norfolk himself, quoth his Highness, thought unmeet that my lord of Cumberland should be avoided out of the wardenry and lord Dacre preferred, which would engender mortal feud between their houses. Moreover, quoth his Grace, it were unseemly to remove him, who has so well preserved himself and our town and castle of Carlisle from the rebels, in favour of his enemy. If then, quoth he, to withdraw the cause of heartburning, we remove them both, what other nobleman can my lord of Norfolk suggest?
	Write this communication to show that the King thinks there is no man who will not as readily serve under him and his deputies as under a nobleman. Westminster, 17 March. Signed by Cromwell, Sampson, Poulet, Kyngeston and Russell.
	Modern copy, pp. 2. Headed; To the duke [of Norfolk]. The original was endorsed: Holden, 20 March. Numbered: "cxxxiii."
17 March. R. O. St. P. I., 540.	668. HENRY VIII. to [the EARLS of SUSSEX and DERBY and Others].
	Has received their letters of the 11th inst., and thanks them for their diligence in receiving the submission of good subjects and punishment of corrupt.
	Thanks them for the order they have taken for keeping the goods of the house of Whalley upon the execution of the abbot. Thinks that as the house has been so corrupt, it were better taken into the King's hands, the King being, by the attainder of the late abbot, entitled to it: desires them, therefore, with dexterity to "assay" whether the monks "for the redubbing of their former trespasses," will go to other houses of their coat or take capacities. Requires them to move the monks rather to choose to enter other houses, for it cannot be wholesome to permit them to wander abroad. Desires them to see the goods are not embezzled, and that the monks do not conspire any inconvenience. Concerning the old man they have respited, "upon the lamentation he made at the bar, and th'allegation of his service thrice heretofore against the Scots," cannot but take their respite in good part, but, considering he has so often received the King's wages, he is the more worthy to suffer. Remits him to them to be executed.
	Draft, in Wriothesley's hand, pp. 7. Endd.: Minute of the letters to my lord of Sussex, xvij Marcii.
17 March. R. O.	669. CROMWELL'S APPAREL.
	Inventory taken 17 March, 28 Henry VIII., of silk, linen, woollen, and other wearing apparel belonging to "my master" remaining in his chamber at the Rolls in chests, with locks and keys thereto, delivered into the keeping of me, William Jackson.
	P. 1.
17 March. R. O.	670. SIR WILLIAM MUSGRAVE to CROMWELL.
	There is a small priory of nuns called Esholt within the lordship of my late grandfather, Sir Chr. Ward, who lieth there, called the manor of Esholt. It stands commodiously for me, and is worth about 19l. a year. I request your favour to get it of the King, and will release unto your Lordship the 40l. a year which I have during the minority of John Tamworth. If it please you, let me have the King's letter in brief time to the prioress and convent to stay further sales and grants. Yourke, 17 March. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
17 March. R. O.	671. WILLIAM COLYN OF KENDAL.
	The depositions of Nicholas Leyghton, Perys Harcher, John Barton, and Roger Dycunsson, of Betham, Thomas Hutton of Halle in Betham parish, William Hawdewyn of Wasset nigh Betham, John Huddiston of Haile near Betham, Anthony Leyghton of Leyghton Becke within the parish of Betham, Miles Hutton and Thomas Moyses of Wasset, and Leonard Haddon of Hayle. That on Sunday after Candlemas a letter came from Wm. Colyn, bailif of Kendal, to John Stanes, who delivered it in Betham church to Wm. Lancaster to read, and advise upon. He said the effect was that two of every parish should be at Richmond at the Grey Friars, on the morrow (to meet the duke of Norfolk about tithes), but that it had neither head nor foot and therefore he advised them to do nothing. They, however, gathered money and sent Miles Hutton of Wasset and John Stanes. Another letter also came to Stanes on Shrove Tuesday for all to be at Kendal by 8 o'clock on the morrow (see No. 411). Edmund Laurence called the parishioners of Warton together on Sunday after Candlemas to consult upon the letter saying he would stick to the oath he was sworn to.
	Headed: "The saying of Nicholas Leighton of Bethum sworne and examyned by Andrew Barton and Alexand^r Standishe the xvijth day of Marche anno R.R. H. VIII. xxviij." Signed by the examining justices.
	Endd.: "My lord of Sussex." In another place: " Collyns—Stanes—Edmund Lauerans.
	The name "Coulyn" or "Colyn" occurs in the margin opposite every article in which he is mentioned.
	Pp. 3.
R. O.	2. Further Depositions.
	i. Confession of William Lancaster.
	That, 4 March, in the parish church of Bethom he openly read the [letter] delivered him by John Stanes "which came from C[olyn]"; whereupon the people gathered money for setting [forth] of Stanes and Miles Hutton towards Richmond.
	ii. Saying of Antony Layton.
	Ric. Redman showed him that divers of the parish of Heysam came to his house, 14 Jan., to swear him to the custom of Kendall and he refused; also that, on the 15th, John Stanes with some 200 persons took Redman, while hunting in Sisar park, and caused him to swear.
	iii. Saying of Sir James Layborn.
	A letter came from W[estmoreland], which was delivered to William Colyn bailiff of Kendal, who showed it on Saturday after ... day last in the Tolbothe in Kendal, and sent for persons of sundry lordships to hear and take copies of it. Whereupon money was collected to send deputies to Richmond, and John Save[ll], Leonard Hugyn, and John Nelson of Patone (?) were sent, and the parishoners of Heversam in Kendal withheld their tithes from the farmers who had leased them from the abbot of St. Mary's. Was informed that after the pardon granted at Doncaster, some 300 persons in the parish church of Kendal threatened to cast the curate, Sir Robert Apelgarthe, in the water unless he would proclaim the Pope to be head of the Church. This was against the wills of the ancient men of Kendal who, though called 24, are near 60 in number. These were all threatened by the lewd persons, of whom the busiest were Thos. Dokrey, Robt. Taylor, Piers Warren, Wm. Harrison, and John Barker. Nevertheless the curate refused to do it.
	In Thomas Derby's hand, pp. 2. Edge worn.
17 March. R. O.	672. ANNE ROUAUD (Madame de Bours) to LADY LISLE.
	Jehan Smite came back yesterday from the Court, and is returning to you. I am much pained to see the danger of all my good friends. We have much need of God's help. As to the money you have sent for Montmorency's horse, I will let your daughter have the bordure of 20 crowns, keeping the other 10 crowns till I see if she wants anything else. I will get the little clock made for you that you wish to have. Madame de Rioul excuses herself for not writing, as she is still very ill. Abbeville, 17 March. Signed.
	Fr., p. 1. Add.
17 March. R. O.	673. MARY BASSET to LADY LISLE.
	Excuses herself for not writing. Thanks her for a crown received from a gentleman who was passing by Amiens, where she was. Madame de Bours sent me to spend Shrovetide there, where there was plenty of company. The embroidery of 20 crowns which you sent me Madame has sent to Paris, and says she will have a gown made for me for this summer. Mademoiselle d'Agincourt sends her respects. I saw lady Wallop when she passed here, and begged to be remembered to Monsieur. Begs her to remind him of the dress he promised her. Hopes God will send her a good deliverance. If I could have my wish I would be with you at your confinement to warm the clothes for the child. I beg all my friends to offer their prayers for you, especially my schoolmaster when he says mass. Abbeville, 17 March.
	Hol., Fr., p. 1. Add.
17 March. R. O.	674. GABRIEL DE MONTMORENCY to LORD LISLE.
	At my return from the Court I found a very good horse you have been pleased to send me. I shall be glad to have an opportunity of requiting your kindness. Abbeville, 17 March. Signed.
	Fr., p. 1. Add.
17 March. Add. MSS., 8715, f. 353 b. B. M.	675. FAENZA to AMBROGIO.
	The King is just about to take horse for the camp. He informed Faenza that the Pope was raising men, and he suspected it was against France. Replied that if the Pope was raising men, no doubt they were intended against the Turk. The King showed some suspicion that the coming of the English legate was at the instance of the Emperor, but Faenza reassured him, and showed that the ways of his Holiness were not like many of those of Pope Clement. Cavalcanti is seeking as large an aid as he can get. Count Galeotto della Mirandola this morning arrived in post.
	Italian, modern copy, pp. 3. Headed: D'Amiens, li 17 Marzo 1537.
18 March. R, O.	676. RICHARD POLLARD to MR. HALL, Receiver to the King in Lincolnshire.
	The King will have the leads of the late attainted monasteries of Kyrkstede and Barlings plucked down and melted, and therefore my lord Privy Seal commands you on sight hereof to repair thither and melt and cast in fodders the same lead. Deface nothing else. Your bill is signed with the yearly fee of 26l. 13s. 4d. London, 18 March. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: At Huntingdon. Endd.
[18] Mar. R. O.	677. SIR WM. PARRE [to CROMWELL].
	At 10 p.m. received letters from Cromwell and other lords of the Council declaring a new way to be taken with the goods, monks, and canons of Barlinges and Christede. Has perused the rentals and endeavoured to learn the true value of the lands and rents, and made an inventory of plate, &c. All the plate and money he can find at Christede is scarce worth 20s., in consequence of the late abbot's unthriftiness, for which he would have deserved punishment if he had not transgressed the laws. At his coming to Barlinges all the plate he could get knowledge of was under 20 nobles, but he has since "bulted forth" more which the abbot had bestowed in five or six simple men's hands. The prior says that Burton, a canon now in the Tower, had a sealed box of the abbot's which he believes contained writings showing where his money is. To-day some copes and vestments that he had privily conveyed and embezzled forth of the monastery have been brought by a poor man. It is thought the abbot had much money with him to London, which he must either deliver to Kitson or Curtesse, of Lumbert-strete. A month or three weeks before the insurrection he conveyed plate and other ornaments out of the monastery, so that he probably expected it. Will carry out the letters he received last night. Asks for directions about the payment of the wages of the monks, canons, and servants.
	Thanks him for speaking to the King about the farm of Barlinges. If he had it, could do the King, good service in these parts. Asks him, among other prisoners, to remember Ant. Curtesse, of Clee, Linc., and Robt. Carre, of Sleford, whose names, he thinks, were not entered in the bill which Hinde and Horwood had. Stampforde, 1 o'clock this Sunday morning, _ (fn. 1) March.
	Sends the inventories of both monasteries. The King's chief profit at Kirkstede will be the lead, which is taken to be worth 1,000 marks. Supposes it to be worth 1,000l., and at Barlinges 400l. Sends with the plate the convent seals of both houses. Burton should be sharply examined, as he can undoubtedly show where the abbot's money is gone. Parre and others had money from him to be good to him, but a trifle to the sum that he thinks is lacking. Thinks the plate and money he sends amounts to 400l., beside the copes and vestments. Has spoken to the men of Horncastle for restitution to be made to Wulsey's wife, and awarded her 40 marks. Her husband and she at his death were not worth 20 nobles. Will have a book engrossed of the lands of the monasteries, and bring it up himself. On Wednesday at Bardney found a [m]ounk who was let to bail by some of the council at Lincoln, and his recognisance not entered nor written, so that he was not commanded to appear at this last assizes. Has charged the abbot with the custody of his person. Will stay at Brigstok till he knows Cromwell's pleasure.
	Sends two convent seals of Cristede and one of Barlingis. Signed.
	Pp. 5. Add.: Lord Privy Seal.' Sealed. Endd. by Wriothesley: Sir Will'm a Parre, the xvijth (fn. 2) of March.
18 March. R. O.	678. LADY ELIZABETH UGHTRED (fn. 3) to CROMWELL.
	I beg your favour that I may be the King's farmer of one of those abbeys, if they go down, the names of which I enclose herein. As my late husband ever bore his heart and service to your Lordship next to the King, I am the bolder to sue herein, and will sue to no other. When I was last at Court you promised me your favour. In Master Ughtred's days I was in a poor house of my own, but since then I have been driven to be a "sojorner," for my living is not sufficient to entertain my friends. Begs help, as she is a "poor woman alone." Desires credence for Mr. Darcy. York, 18 March. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Sealed. Endd.: Elizabeth Uttred.
18 March. R. O.	679. D. POLE to the LORD PRESIDENT [Bp. Roland Lee].
	On Wednesday was "senight," at night, I received by Ric. Rawson, your servant, the King's command for the publication of his Grace's licence to eat white meat this Lent. Immediately I sent to all parts of your diocese for the declaration of the same, and because half Lent was in manner past, I caused it not only to be published in churches, but also proclaimed in markets in the head places, as Coventry, Shrewsbury, Chester, Derby, and others. The abbot of Kenilworth's servant was here yesterday, who said his lord would have been here to-day to take his benediction at my lord suffragan's hands, and I wrote that he should come with all speed. My lord suffragan tarried from mass till 11 o'clock, and he is not come at all. On Tuesday next my lord suffragan will be at Weme for the reconciliation there. I have written to the parson or his curate there to see all ready. I trust all things be well amongst all priests in your diocese of such matters as ye wrote to Mr. Surveyor and me of; they have and shall have warning to use themselves well. Lichfield, 18 March.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
18 March. R. O.	680. JOHN HUSEE to LADY LISLE.
	I have received your sundry letters. I have delivered one puncheon to my lord of Hertford (Hereford), the tun of wine to Mr. Only, and one puncheon to Mr. Lock. I trust the suit for Mrs. Katharine is now at a good stay, for Mr. Coffyn has moved it to the duchess of Suffolk, who has made him a grant thereof. There is now one dead in my lord of Suffolk's house, so that neither he nor my lady will come to Court for a time; but you and my lord had better write to the Duchess, saying you understand she has accepted your daughter to her service, and desiring to know when to send her. Explains a deficiency in the amount of velvet in lady Lisle's gown. When money comes it will be welcome to Mr. Basset. Mr. Popley will not meddle yet about your weir, for many about Exeter sue for the remedying of theirs, and when that is granted he will put yours in the number. Your cradle will be ready by Tuesday night, and will be sent in Philip Crayer's ship. Fyssher's suit is sped. No carpets can I get of any bishop. The other stuff I hope to receive this week. Much of it is at Woddham Water, 30 miles off. I send by this bearer, packed in my mail, your night gown ready furred and pointed, your two waistcoats, one of them furred with ermine, and two bonnets of ermine, for which I have paid. Your holy water stock and casting bottle will be ready this week. I send also the "cyprys" promised by Mrs. Whalley. I enclose a warrant for a protection for a young man of this town who banquetted my lord and you in his ship at Portsmouth five years ago, when my lord promised him a good turn. He will pay 40s. to get it signed and sealed, which will serve towards these charges. My lord Privy Seal has asked several times after you, and would gladly hear that you brought forth a young Plantagenet. London, 18 March.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add.
18 March. Add. MS., 8,715 f. 354b. B. M.	681. FAENZA to AMBROGIO.
	* * * Cardinal du Bellay is still at Paris, they say, to procure money. The queen of Navarre, who was to accompany the queen of Scotland, has gone to the French Queen. * * *
	Ital., modern copy, pp. 2. Headed: D' Amiens li 18 Marzo 1537.
19 March. R. O.	682. NORFOLK to CROMWELL.
	In behalf of the bearer Miles, groom of the King's chamber, whose father was hanged at Carlisle for this last insurrection. He desires to have his father's goods, the true value of which Norfolk cannot tell, as he has committed them to my lord of Cumberland and three other gentlemen. Hull, 19 March. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Sealed. Endd.
19 March. R. O.	683. SIR RALPH EURE to CROMWELL.
	Has at Scarborough 60 men for a garrison, and, their month's wages being in arrear from 27 Feb. to 27 March, wishes a place assigned where he may resort to have it, St. Mary Abbey in York or elsewhere. If he is to keep them still, wishes the best tried men of Northumberland. Desires Cromwell to remind the King of the lordship of Settrington and Burdsall, which belonged to Sir Fras. Bigod. Wishes Cromwell to write to my lord of Northumberland, that he may have the stewardship of Whitby. Hull, 19 March. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: my Lord of the Privy Seal. Endd.
19 March. Lanz, II, 670.	684. CHARLES V.
	Instructions for the seigneur de Horton, to be shown. (fn. 4)
	He is charged to pass by England, and, after speaking with the King, to go to Flanders and tell the Queen that the Emperor has no news since the 5th Jan. last, although he hears from all quarters that Francis means to invade the Low Countries. Francis means to provide for Therouane and Perone, damage the frontiers, and then pass into Italy to correspond with the Turk, who has a great fleet ready to attack Sicily and Naples. But if Francis find the frontiers well furnished he will abandon that enterprise, &c. Horton is to go to the card. of Liege and ask him to assist in the defence.
	Fr.
20 March. R. O.	685. RIC. BASSETT to CROMWELL.
	"Right worshipful lord of the Privy Seal and chief of the King's Council." Writes to certify the King of words spoken by two prisoners. They are imprisoned, one for taking a priest and a woman together, the other for stealing cloth, and the writer on an action of debt of John Ryce, sometime treasurer of the church of Exeter. This 20th of March, some four hours after he came to the Yelde Hall prison, Robt. Belle, serjeant, said the mayor had commanded he should have gyves put on his legs unless he found sureties for 20l. Ric. Grenam said he marvelled at that, seeing the writer had dwelt there 25 years and married and was only imprisoned for debt, whereas one who was lately there for treason had no gyves. The two then told him what they knew, which he made them write and sends herewith. If Cromwell will send for him he can show how the thing has been covered and by rich men. "By your poor beadman Ryc. Bessett, goldsmith, which was afore your Lordship with Elsabethe Blande, some time a servant of yours, where your Lordship commanded five of your servants to go with a nother man and me to take certain men that sold cattle out of the North."
	Hol., pp. 2.
R. O.	2. Another copy with a few unimportant variations. Not signed.
	Pp. 2. Mutilated.
R. O.	3. Md. Words spoken by William Gowrdon in the city of Exeter to me, Ric. Lampray, prisoner, 25 Nov. 28 Hen. VIII. Gowrdon told him in the prison he should be free shortly by the general pardon at the change of a head, for the King would either be killed or driven out, but the saying was that he would be driven out and return, "and be set into a place by the water and suddenly he shall be drowned." Made a bill of this, whereupon Mr. Mayor caused his paper and ink to be taken away. Called then certain persons in the " helde hall" for debt to bear record of it.
	Records of this are Ric. Grenam and Ric. Cortenall, of Exeter, and one Haycroffte, besides the maker of this, Ric. [La]mpray.
	P. 1. Endd.: To deliver this letter with the other.
20 March. R. O.	686. [SIR] WILL. DRURY to SIR WILL. PASTON.
	Thos. Laynde (elsewhere Launde) was arraigned at this last assize, and found guilty of felony, and judged to death. Nevertheless I have reprieved him for the King's advantage, and one Johnson likewise, "and have kept them severally syn they were at the place of execution where they did see their fellows and other mo die before them, not knowing the contrary but that they should have suffered likewise." I have examined them both before and since, and do not find either by them or those executed that Launde was at any of the robberies he was condemned for. I beg you will obtain a pardon for him, as his wife is also found guilty, and seven children depend upon them. Hausted, 20 March.
	Hol, p. 1. Add. Endd.
20 March. R. O.	687. THE NORTHERN REBELLION.
	Confession of Barnarde Towneley, clerk.
	The commons of Calbeyke, 23 Oct. last, by command of Mownse, John Beyke, Gilbert Weldall and W. Burkbeyke, captains of Penrethe, assembled and took me and Ric. Bewley and Ric. Vachell, gent., with them and met the commons of Penreth, the barony of Greystoke, Hutton, Shewlton, Soreby, and others at Cartlogan. There the vicar of Bowrght (fn. 5) under Steynes More in the name of the whole commons made us take the oath. Sir John Lowther and other gentlemen were present. On Wednesday after they brought me to Kylwatlynhow, where the vicar of Burght caused the crier to proclaim that if the parson of Thurkyld and others would not attend them they should strike off our heads and set my head on the highest place in the diocese. On the Friday next the said vicar and commons came to Sanderdale; and there John Denton, Richard Blanderhorset, and John Thowmson of Carlill came to them under safe conduct. After they left the vicar caused the crier to cry that none should bring stuff to Carlill market. From thence the said vicar and captains of Penreth went to Cockermouth and, on the Saturday after, came to Mutno (?) hill where the abbot of Holm was brought in by the vicar and Thomas Dalston and sworn. There were present John Leght, John Shelton of Bramweyth (?), John Lampley, gentlemen, and others. The said captains and vicar appointed the abbot of Holme, Thomas Dalston, Parson Thyrkyll, Richard Blenkehow and myself to go to Carlisle on Sunday next and desire the mayor and his brethren to come on Monday to Bramthewthe Oke and take the oath and then return and swear the commons of the town, after which all would return to their houses. On Sunday the abbot of Holm and I came to Dalston and sent Sir William Robyn to Carlisle to speak with Thomas Dalston and see whether Parson Thurkylde and Ric. Blenkhow were come. He brought word there was a proclamation that no man should make any unlawful assembly,—so we desired the vicar of Burght, who was at Dalston, to stop Penrith from coming down; albeit when he came to Penrith he and the captains gave warning "against morning," and said this stop was but craft and falsehood. On Monday next the honor of Cockermouth came to Burnthewth Oke and the said captains and vicar sent Richard Bewley, Parson Thurkylde, Lanslot Schalkylde, Richard Blenkhow, John Swynburne, jun., and myself to do the message to Carlisle, and we sent forward two canons of Carlisle, Sir Ric. Huttwythe and Sir Wm. Florens, to cause the town to meet us. There met us Richard Blanderherset and John Towmson who brought the copy of the King's proclamation which we immediately sent, with Bewnley, Salkylde, Blenkhow, and Swynburne, to the commons, who thereupon dispersed—to meet there again on Friday next, 3 Nov., all except the commons of Cockermouth. Parson Thurkylde and I showed our message to the mayor who desired respite till the morrow. We then went back and found what stay had been taken and sent Edward Patenson to inform the mayor of it. On Friday, 3 Nov., the captains and commons of Penrith and most of the country except Cockermouth came to Brunfelde Ocke beside Carlisle; and thither came Sir Christopher Dacre under safe conduct, and he and I, with parson Thurkylde, Riche Bewnley, Cudbert Hutton, and others persuaded the commons, the vicar of Burght being absent, to disperse and make no further insurrection. Sir Christopher and I were to desire the mayor that the commons might be received in Carlisle as before; and I to desire the lord Clyfforth in the Castle "that the soldiers should not ride on the commons." We went and showed this to the mayor and proclamation was made of it; and then I and Edward Eglangby went to the castle and showed it to lord Clyfforth, who was well content.
	Never after this came amongst the commons. Begs he may be partaker of the King's pardon to his subjects North of Trent, protesting he was with the commons against his will.
	The beginners of the insurrection in Cumberland were the four captains of Penrith; Faith, Poverty, Pity, and Charity as the vicar of Burght proclaimed them at each meeting.
	The cause of insurrection was that the vicar of Burght read a letter from Richmondshire, as he said, to this tenor, "Wellbeloved brethren in God, we greet you well, signifying unto you that we your brethren in Christ have assembled us together and put us in readiness for the maintenance of the faith of God, His laws, and His Church, and where abbeys was suppressed we have restored them again and put the religious men into their houses: wherefore we exhort you to do the same." This he read "calling himself Poverty, chaplain and secretary." Knows not who brought it.
	Conjectures that the intention was to destroy the gentlemen, that none should pay ingressoms to his landlord, and little or no rent or tithe.
	The last insurrection by Westmoreland, Penrith, and Greystoke, made a "sawtt" at Carlisle on Friday before the first Sunday of Lent. Heard of no captains but Nicholas Musgreve and Thomas Thebe, and never a gentleman among them. The commons of Cockermouth, who came down the Saturday and Sunday after, perceiving that Calbeyke would not rise, retired.
	[Addition].—There were 4 captains in Cumberland—Thomas Byrkbek, Gilbert Whepedale, John Beke, and Robert Movnsey—who went in procession in the parish church of Penrith daily, when there, with their 4 swords drawn, following the vicar of Browgh. After the Gospel the vicar gave them one of the x commandments, and this was called the captains' mass. The vicar was taken for a prophet.
	ii. 20 March. Bernard Towneley examined by John Tregunwell, Ric. Layton, and Thos. Leigh, Doctors of Law.
	(1.) Was in no way privy to the 2nd commotion. (2.) Never sent but two letters to his master the bp. of Carlisle. The first was that he trusted, when the country was more pacified, to gather his revenues, the second was that after Norfolk was come and the country quiet he would "do his diligence for his discharge, meaning to gather the King's money." (3.) Never had, at his last being here, any communication with the bp. of Carlisle concerning any intended insurrection or commotion.
	Pp. 9. Faded and worn. Endd.
R. O.	2. Examination taken 20 March, 28 Hen. VIII., before Mr. Tregonwell, Mr. Layton, and Mr. Legh, doctors of law, in the Tower of London in presence of me, John Rice, notary public.
	Sir Robert Thompson, vicar of Burgh under Stanesmore, answers to the interrogatories as follows:—
	On Sunday before St. Luke's day the curate of Kirkby Stephen left out, at bidding of the beads, St. Luke's day: whereupon the parishoners would have killed him, but he "took a sacring bell and rang it, and bade the said St. Luke's day as holyday." Next day they of Kirkby Stephen summoned the country to muster on Sandeforthe Moor, because they were up in Richmondshire, Yorkshire, and the bpric. of Durham already. Examinate tarried till the men of Burgh and Kirkby were gone and then fled, by Warcopp and Sandefurth to avoid the mustering place, towards his mother's at Perith; but was arrested by five men with spears and bows and brought back to Standeforthe (sic) Moor to the captains of the assembly, Robert Pullayn, Nicholas Musgrave, Chr. Blenkensopp, and Robt. Hilton, and sworn. He was then allowed to go his mother, returning next day. That day, Tuesday, they went to Sir Thomas Wharton's house, but he was fled; so they took his eldest son and appointed to meet on the morrow at Kirkby Stephen. Which they did, and then went to Lamerside hall, thinking to find Sir Thomas of Wharton and other gentlemen with Mr. Warcopp there, but found only servants; so Pulleyn took the keys of the house and appointed a day for Sir Thomas and Mr. Warcopp to come in or else lose their goods. Then Pullayn swore men to bring in the goods of those who would not come to them; and settled that Nich. Musgrave, with his side of the water of Eden, should go down the one side and Robt. Pullayn, with his side, down the other, to Perith on the morrow. Pullayn did so, but Musgrave tarried that Thursday night about Lowther and sought for Sir John of Lowther. On Friday Pullayn and his company returned from Perith towards Westmoreland, and at Amonte Bridge swore Mr. Dudley and others and then sent examinate to Perith to help the commons with his counsel at their desire, for Gilbert Whelton his brother-in-law had the day before been proclaimed one of the captains there. They had gathered there, before Pullayn's coming, on a letter from beyond Stanesmore sent from the commons of Yorkshire, Richmondshire, and the Bishopric, commanding Westmoreland and Cumberland to assemble and take oath to be true to God, the Church, the King, and the Commonwealth; and, that done, to restore suppressed abbeys and see that there should be no war with the Scots: and then the substantial gentlemen to resort to the assembly of the commons in Yorkshire. Went that Friday to Perith where they were assembling on Perith fell. The four captains of Perith, Ant. Hutton, John Beck, Gilbert Whelpedale, and Thos. Burbeck, known as Charity, Faith, Poverty, and Pity, sent the copy of the "said letters" to Sir Edward Musgrave, who was then sworn, with all the parish of Edynell. All the country about Perith was sworn: examinate ministered the oath, for he had been proclaimed Poverty's chaplain and their secretary; he also "instructed to the crier this proclamation at every meeting" which was devised by the captains and others and written by Sir George Corney, and other letters in the captain's and commons' names. One Sir Edw. Perith bore the cross before them and was called the cross-bearer. The proclamation was to the effect (fn. 6) that, as the rulers did not defend them from thieves and Scots, they had chosen the 4 captains, who commanded all to live in peace and to say 5 aves, 5 paters, and a creed, &c. The captains appointed the next meeting, and at night all returned home and met on the fells in the day. Next day, Saturday, the commons beyond Eden came and took the oath and were appointed to meet on Monday at Cartlogan Thornes; which they did; and thither came Dr. Townley, with townships about Caldebeck, and Dr. Townely, Richard Bewley and other gentlemen were sworn. Thither came Sir John Lowther and required certain men of Sowrebie to go with him to keep the "day of March." There they chose captains for Caldebecke, the barony of Graystock, the parts beyond Eden, and the forest of Englewood, two for each. On Wednesday they met at Kylwatlyng Howe and Cuthbert Hutton, with the gentlemen and commons there, took the oath. There proclamation was made for the parson of Melburbie to come in; for he, Dr. Townely, the vicar of Sowrebie, and the vicar of Edynnall were appointed " Chaplains of Poverty," to instruct the commons in the Faith on pain of death. On the Wednesday and Thursday the four captains in the chapel of Perith followed ext. in procession with their swords drawn, and then put up their swords, and ext. said mass, which they called the captain's mass, and declared the Ten Commandments and showed that the breaking of these was the cause of that trouble. One of the priests thought they should not have naked swords in church, so it was discontinued. On Friday next they assembled on Sanderdale Hill, where messengers came from Carlisle showing that Carlisle would take no oath, but otherwise would be with them. The commons who dwelt thereabouts said they were undone unless Carlisle took their part, "for Aske and Levyn and the Black Quarters would rob and destroy them"; for word came that divers men's goods about Carlisle had been driven away that day. It was proclaimed no one should bring victuals to Carlisle. Examinate lay at Cockermouth that night. On Saturday the meeting was at Mewtey Hill, three miles from Cockermouth, where the abbot of Holmes, Thos. of Dalston and others were sworn, and two captains appointed for the lordship of Holme. The council there ordered Sir John of Lowther "which was at Caerlill," the abbot of Holme, Dr. Townley, Richard Blenkow, and Thomas Dalston to go to Carlisle to know whether the mayor would meet the commons on the Monday next, " whether they would keep the commons' enemies, meaning the Scots thieves and robbers, from them," and that the mayor should take the oath of his brethren at Carlisle. The abbot, Dr. Townley and Dalston feared to go; so one Percy Simpson "said they would never be well till they had striken off all the priests' heads, saying they would but deceive them." Then the crier, Thos. Berwick, commanded the honor of Cockermouth to meet the commons of Cumberland on Monday at Burford Oke, and all dispersed. Examinate went to Calbeck and on the morrow to Dalston; whence the abbot of Holme and Dr. Townley went to Carlisle with their message, and the vicar of Dalston with them; but they were not suffered to enter the city, and returned saying proclamation was made that the King and commons were agreed. They sent examinate to Perith: but no such proclamation had been made there. On Monday at Burford Oke, where the commons numbered 15,000, Dr. Townley gave the oath to Parson Melmurby and two brethren of Carlisle, and another message was sent to Carlisle, Parson Melmurby and Dr. Townley being two of the messengers. Examinate returned to Perith and went no more to the commons. Heard afterwards that Sir Chr. Dacres made a stay concerning Carlisle. Robt. Pulleyn went from the commons of Westmoreland to Robert Aske and was at the first meeting at Doncaster; and, returning to Appleby, proclaimed that priests should bid holidays and beads as before; and, with the aid of Nich. Musgrave and 24 others, drew up articles concerning "there gressuns and not gylte and serjeant foude (?)," and that every man should have his own tithe corn; which were sent to Aske at York against the consultation there before the last meeting at Doncaster by Pullen and Musgrave and six others, with the vicar of Moreland and this examinate. Aske allowed most of the articles and gave instructions to enquire into the visitation of Dr. Layton and Dr. Legh and to get the opinion of the clergy of Westmoreland and Cumberland concerning the suppression of abbeys, supremacy, &c. The clergy would determine nothing, but wrote to the abp. of York, referring all to him, which letter was stopped by Pulleyn. From Doncaster Pulleyn brought certain articles agreed upon at the meeting and to be determined at a Parliament to be held shortly. Humbly begs pardon of the King, for his foresaid offences, according to his petition in his own hand.
	Also the "said captains and qwests" of Westmoreland confiscated the fruits of benefices of them that were absent, and "sessed" the beneficed men present, for the maintenance of the commons. They also "compelled the gentlemen to seal to their demands concerning this and ingressions ... or fines." More he knoweth not touching the first insurrection.
	Had nothing to do with the last insurrection. Heard that because Robt. Pulleyn had paid his "nowt guylt," and put divers men in possession of lands and taken bribes, the commons grudged thereat; so that some about Kirkby Stephen would have pulled him out of his house in the Xmas holidays. Thus the country was put out of order. Shortly afterwards one Mr. Rose was robbed "and the country was afraid of burning." On Twelfth day the captain of Carlisle came (as was supposed) to take Nich. Musgrave, who gat him to the steeple of Kirkby Stephen with one Thomas Tybie (Tybay in § 4). Then they of Kirkby Stephen "plucked down the new intacks or inclosures," and sent to other parishes to do the like, which was done at Burgh, 28 January. Then the captain of Carlisle came to take Musgrave and Tybie and there was a fight. Was commanded by Thos. Tailor, Matthew Wharton, and Chr. Blenkensopp, in the name of the parish, to pray for the Pope; and "for fear of his life," bade the beads, 28 Jan., commanding all to pray for the King as head of the Church and for the bp. of Rome and cardinals. Then he fled to Clyfton, 14 miles off, and was there when the captain of Carlisle came to take Musgrave and Tyby and the commons rose and went towards Carlisle.
	Pp. 15. Very faded and worn.
R. O.	3. Another copy of § 2 with corrections.
	Pp. 14. Mutilated and worn; much of it illegible.
R. O.	4. Original depositions containing the substance of Thompson's deposition. In Thompson's own handwriting and signed by him.
	Pp. 7. N.B.—The order of the pages has been transposed. The text reads on from the bottom of page 156 to page 161. Endd.: The vicar of Burghes answers.
20 March. R. O.	688. WM. SABYN and WM. NOTYNGHAM to CROMWELL.
	Thanks him for his goodness to this borough whereby the common school has been maintained. Recommend as grammar master of the school Ric. Argentyn, Bachelor of Physic and M.A., (fn. 7) who has read two days in the week since Christmas "a lecture of Paul's pistills ad Romanos;" and as usher, Richard Pykeryng. Ipswich, 20 March. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add.: Privy Seal. Endd.
20 March. Vit. B. xiv., 241. B. M.	689. ANTONY GUIDOTTI to CROMWELL.
	See Vol. X., No. 508, which appears to be misplaced. The date should be "in Napoli addi xx. de Marzo, 1536 ab Incharnazi[one]," and the writer, though an Italian, seems to have reckoned the year either from Lady Day or from Easter; so that the letter belongs really to the year 1537.
20 March. Add. MS. 8715, f. 355. B. M.	690. FAENZA to AMBROGIO.
	The French have taken a castle called Aussy, which was surrendered without a blow. To-day at midday they began the battery of Hédin, and expect to take the town, but the castle is very strong. The King is present everywhere and the camp increases daily.
	P.S. The town of Hédin is taken by assault, and they are about to batter the castle.
	Italian. Modern copy, p. 1. Headed: D'Amiens, 20 Marzo 1537.