Parliament Rolls of Medieval England. Originally published by Boydell, Woodbridge, 2005.
This premium content was digitised by double rekeying. All rights reserved.
'Richard II: September 1397, Part 1', in Parliament Rolls of Medieval England, (Woodbridge, 2005) pp. . British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/parliament-rolls-medieval/september-1397-pt-1 [accessed 23 April 2024]
In this section
Part 1
Text and translation
| [p. iii-347] | |
| [col. a] | |
| [memb. 13] | |
| ROTULUS PARLIAMENTI [...] [editorial note: C 65/57 adds 'summoniti et incepti'. C 65/59 adds 'incepti' over an erasure.] APUD WESTM' DIE LUNE PROXIMO POST FESTUM EXALTATIONIS SANCTE CRUCIS, ANNO REGNI DOMINI REGIS RICARDI SECUNDI POST CONQUESTUM [editorial note: C 65/57 and 59 omit 'post conquestum'.] VICESIMO PRIMO, ET ABINDE AD VILLAM [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'villam'] SALOP' IN [editorial note: C 65/59 substitutes 'usque ad' for 'in'] QUINDENA SANCTI HILLARII TUNC PROXIMO FUTURO ADJORNATI ET IBIDEM TERMINATI. [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'et ibidem terminati'.] | THE ROLL OF THE PARLIAMENT AT WESTMINSTER ON THE MONDAY NEXT AFTER THE FEAST OF THE EXALTATION OF THE HOLY CROSS, IN THE TWENTY-FIRST YEAR OF THE REIGN OF THE LORD KING RICHARD THE SECOND AFTER THE CONQUEST [17 September 1397], AND FROM THERE ADJOURNED TO THE TOWN OF SHREWSBURY ON THE QUINDENE OF ST HILARY THEN NEXT FOLLOWING [27 January 1398], AND THERE ENDED. |
| Pronunciacioun du parlement. | The opening of parliament. |
| 1. [editorial note: There are no item numbers in C 65/59.] Fait a remembrer qe lundy proschein apres le fest del Exaltation de la Seinte Croys, l'an du regne le roy Richard secound puis le conquest vintisme primer, le roy esteant en parlement, l'evesqe d'Excestre, chaunceller d'Engleterre, du comandement du roy monstra et pronuncia la cause del somonce du parlement, disant coment le roy ad somonz son parlement a l'onur et reverence de Dieu et de seinte esglise, et al salvacioun et amendement de son roialme. Paront il prist a son theme la parole de Ezechiel le prophete, Rex unus erit omnibus, (fn. iii-347-5-1) allegeant sur ce pluseurs auctoritees de seinte escripture, qe un roy et un governour serra, et qe par autre manere nulle roialme purra estre governez: et qe a la bone governance de chescun roy trois choses sont requis. Primerement, qe le roy soit puissant a governer. Secondement, qe les loies par queux il doit governer soient gardez et executz justement. Tiercement, qe les subgitz du roialme soient obeissantz duement a roy et ses loies. Et par celle cause, primerement, au fyn qe roys soient ensi puissantz a governer leur subgitz, ils ont de droit pluseurs privileges donez a eux, come regalies, prerogatives, et pluseurs autres droitz annexez a la corone, as queux ils sont obligez en leur coronacioun a garder et sustenir; et ycelles ils ne puissent alienir ne translater en autre oeps, entant qe si alienacioun soit affermez par serement, la loie repelle tiele alienacioun, et relesse le serement. | Be it remembered that on the Monday next after the feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross, in the twenty-first year of the reign of King Richard the second since the conquest [17 September 1397], the king being in parliament, the bishop of Exeter, chancellor of England, by the king's command explained and announced the reason for summoning parliament, saying that the king had summoned his parliament to the honour and reverence of God and of holy church, and to the salvation and correction of his realm. Wherefor he took as his theme the words of the prophet Ezekiel - There shall be one king for all (fn. iii-347-5-1) - showing upon many authorities of holy scripture that there would be one king and governor, and no kingdom cold be governed in any other way: and that for the good governance of every king three things were required. First, that the king have the power to govern. Second, that the laws by which he ought to govern should be kept and justly executed. Third, that the subjects of the kingdom should be duly obedient to the king and his laws. And for that reason, firstly, to the end that kings should be powerful enough to govern their subjects, they have been given many privileges by right, such as regalities, prerogatives, and many other rights annexed to the crown, which they are bound at their coronation to keep and maintain; and those they cannot alienate or translate to another use, inasmuch as if an alienation should be affirmed by oath, the law would repeal such alienation and release the oath. |
| 2. Par quoy le roy ad fait assembler l'estatz de parlement a cest foitz, pur estre enformez si ascuns droitz de sa corone soient suistretz ou amenusez, a fyn qe par lour bon advys et discrecioun tiele remedie puisse estre mys, qe le roy puisse esteer en sa libertee et poair come ses progenitours ont estee devant luy, et deussent de droit, non obstante ascune ordenance a contraire, et ensi un roy as touz, et les governera. Secondement, q'il appartient a bon governement de chescun roialme, qe les loies soient justement gardez et executz. Qare en auctoritees des loies est escript, qe le principal governement de chescun roy doit comencer de constitucioun des loies, par queux il doit governer son poeple, et doit tieles loies ordenir qe purront chericer les bones et punir les malx: come le pere aprent son filz coment il se doit abstenir des vices et des malx, mettant a luy manace, ensi le roy, come un bone pere de tout le poeple, ferra les loies par queux le poeple purra estre apris coment il lour doit avoir envers luy et leur veisyns. En queux loies il doit mettre peines, par manace des queux ils se deivent absteinir des malx faitz, si q'ils ne soient puniz par auctoritee du loie plus grevousement qe le roy ne voudra, depuis qe le roy ne purra remittre les peines de la loie sanz tort faire a la partie endamagez. Et a tiele fyn le roy ad fait ses officers, [col. b] juges, et ministres par tout son roialme, qe deivent les droitz de soun roialme garder, executer et tenir. Dont le roy voet estre enformez si ascun defaut soit en les loies, ou les executours d'icelles, et ent mettre remede et punissement. Tiercement, q'il appartient a bone governance de chescun roialme, qe les subgitz soient obeissantz au roy et ses loies, et qe le roy face loies justes et honestes universelment, par queux sibien les grantes come les petitz deussent estre governez; autrement nul homme purra cleymer propretee en ses biens demesne, mes bones loies dounent propretee a chescun persone. Dont le roy vourra savoir, si aucun de ses liges soient oppressez ou destourbez, q'ils ne purront suir et avoir remede par la commune ley, et sur ce estre conseillez par toutz les estatz du parlement, et ent faire bone et due remede en cest present parlement. | Wherefor, the king has caused his estates of parliament to be assembled on this occasion to be informed if any rights of the crown be withdrawn or diminished, so that by their good advice and discretion such remedy can be provided as will sustain the king in his liberty and power as his ancestors were before him, and as ought so to be right, notwithstanding any ordinance to the contrary; and so there shall be one king for all, and he shall govern all. Secondly, that it pertains to the good governance of every kingdom that the laws should be justly maintained and executed. Since in the authorities on the law it is written that the principal government of every king should begin with the constitution of the laws by which he will govern his people, and he should ordain such laws as will cherish the good and punish the wicked: as the father teaches his son that he should abstain from vices and evils by threatening him, so the king, as a good father of all the people, should make laws by which the people may learn how to bear themselves towards him and their neighbours. In which laws he should include punishments under threat of which they will abstain from evil deeds if they are not to be punished most grievously by authority of the law, which the king would not wish, since the king may not remit the punishments of the law without doing wrong to the injured party. And to that end the king has appointed his officers, [col. b] judges, and ministers throughout his realm to keep, execute and uphold the rights of his realm. Wherefor the king wishes to be informed if there be any fault in the laws, or the executors of the same, and provide remedy and punishment thereon. Thirdly, that it pertains to the good governance of every kingdom that the subjects should be obedient to the king and his laws, and that the king make laws just and honest to all, by which both great and small men will be governed; otherwise no man may claim proprietary right over his own, but good laws give proprietary right to every one. Wherefor the king wishes to know if any of his lieges are oppressed or harassed, so that they cannot sue or have remedy by the common law, and thereupon to be advised by all the estates of parliament, and to provide good and due remedy therefor in the present parliament. |
| 3. Et nostre seignur le roy monstrant sa graciouse seignurie, come il ad de tout temps fait a la reverence de Dieu, et quiete de soun poeple, voet, qe seinte esglise, et les seignurs espirituels et temporels, et auxint citees et burghs et autres communes, eient et enjoient leur libertees et franchises si avant come ils les avoient et enjoierent resonablement en temps de ses nobles progenitours, roys d'Engleterre. (fn. iii-347-7-1) Et auxi nostre seignur le roy considerant coment pluseurs hautes offenses et mesfaitz ont estee faitz par le poeple de son roialme, encontre leur ligeance et l'estat nostre seignur le roy et la loie de sa terre, avant ces heures, dont son poeple estiet en grant peril et daunger de ley et de leur corps et biens: et veullant surce de sa roiale benignite monstrer et faire grace a son dit poeple, a fyn q'ils eient le greindre corage et volente de bien faire, et de leur meulx porter devers le roy en temps avenir, si voet et grante de faire, en ease et quiete et salvacioun de son dit poeple, une generale pardoun a ses liges, forspris certeins pointes limitez par le roy, sauvant la suite de [editorial note: C 65/59 substitutes 'al' for 'de'.] partie; forspris cynqant persones queux plerra a roy nomer, et touz ceux qe serront empeschez en cest present parlement. Et dist outre, qe le roy voet, qe plein droit et justice soient faitz a chescun de ses liges qi soy voillent compleindre en cest parlement, si ad ordenez et assignez receivours et triours des peticions en la forme q'ensuit: | And our lord the king showing his gracious lordship, as he has always done in reverence of God, and for the quiet of his people, wills that holy church, and the lords spiritual and temporal, and also the cities and boroughs and other commons, may have and enjoy their liberties and franchises as reasonably as they had and enjoyed them in the time of his noble progenitors, the kings of England. (fn. iii-347-7-1) And also our lord the king - considering how many high offences and misdeeds had been committed by the people of his kingdom against their allegiance and the estate of our lord the king and the law of his land in the past, whereby his people were in great peril and danger of the law and of their body and goods, and willing in his royal benignity to show and do grace to his said people, so that they should have greater courage and will to do good, and bear themselves the better towards the king in time to come - so he wills and agrees to make, for the ease, quiet, and salvation of his said people, a general pardon to his lieges, except certain points specified by the king, saving the suit of party; excepting fifty persons whom it would please the king to name, and all those who will be impeached in the present parliament. And further he said that the king willed that full right and justice be done to each of his lieges who should wish to complain in this parliament, and so has ordained and assigned receivers and triers of petitions in the following form: |
| [p. iii-348] | |
| [col. a] | |
| 4. Receivours des peticions d'Engleterre, Irland, Gales, et Escoce: | 4. Receivers of petitions from England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland: |
| 5. Receivours des peticions de Gascoigne, et des autres terres et paiis depar dela la meer, et des Isles: | 5. Receivers of petitions from Gascony and from other lands and countries overseas, and from the Channel Islands: |
6. Et sont assignez triours des peticions d'Engleterre, Irland, Gales, et Escoce:
|
6. The following are assigned to be triers of petitions from England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland:
|
| - toutz ensemble, ou sys des prelatz et seignurs avantditz au meyns; appelleza eux chanceller, tresorer, seneschalle, et chamberleyn, et aussint les sergeantz du roy quant il busoignera. Et tiendront lour place en la chambre du chamberlein, pres de la chambre depeynte. | - to act all together, or at least six of the aforesaid prelates and lords; consulting with the chancellor, treasurer, steward, and chamberlain, and also the king's serjeants when necessary. And they shall hold their sessions in the chamberlain's room, near the Painted Chamber. |
| [col. b] | |
7. Et sont assignez triours des peticions de Gascoigne, et d'autres terres depar dela la meer, et des Isles:
|
7. The following are assigned to be triers of petitions from Gascony and from the other lands overseas, and from the Channel Islands: |
| - toutz ensemble, ou sys des prelatz et seignurs avantditz; appellez a eux chaunceller, tresorer, seneschalle, et chamberlein, et auxint les sergeantz du roy quant y bosoignera. Et tiendront leur place en la chambre marcolf. | - to act all together, or six of the aforesaid prelates and lords; consulting with the chancellor, treasurer, steward, and chamberlain, and also the king's serjeants when necessary. And they shall hold their sessions in the Marcolf Chamber. |
| Et ceux qi voillent liverer lour peticions les baillent avant parentre cy et samady proschein a soir. | And those who wish to submit their petitions should hand them in between now and next Saturday evening [22 September 1397]. |
| [memb. 12] | |
| Protestacion de parlour. [editorial note: The heading in C 65/59 reads 'Le parlour et protestacioun'.] | The speaker's protestation. |
| 8. Item, le marsdy proschein [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'proschein'.] ensuant, les communes du roialme presenterent au roy monsire Johan Bussy pur leur parlour et procuratour; a qi le roy s'agrea bien. Et puis le dit monsire Johan fist humblement requeste au roy, [editorial note: C 65/57 adds 'nostre seignur'.] q'il purroit faire protestacioun, qe s'il dirroit riens par ignorance, negligence, ou autre voie, qe n'estoit assentuz par ses compaignons, ou qe serroit displesance au roy, ou encontre son roial estat ou regalie, qe le roy luy < vorroit > ent avoir pur excusez, et q'il se purroit corriger et amender par ses ditz compaignons. Et qe ceste protestacioun soit entrez de record en rolle du parlement. Quele requeste sembla au roy honeste et resonable, et l'ad ottroiez. | 8. Also, on the following Tuesday [18 September 1397], the commons of the kingdom presented to the king Sir John Bushy as their speaker and proctor; whom the king wholeheartedly accepted. And then the said Sir John made humble request of the king that he might make protestation that if he should say anything through ignorance, negligence, or in any other way, which had not been agreed by his companions, or which would displease the king, or be contrary to his royal estate or regality, that the king would hold him excused, and that it might be corrected and amended by his said companions; and that this protestation be entered on record in the roll of parliament. Which request seemed to the king honest and reasonable, and he agreed to it. |
| Poair de procuracie de la clergie. | The clergy's power of procuration. |
| 9. Item, mesme le marsdy les communes monstrerent au roy, coment devant ces heures pluseurs juggementz, ordenances, faitz en temps des progenitours nostre seignur le roy en parlement, ont este repellez et adnullez, porce qe l'estat de clergie ne feust present en parlement a la faisaunce des ditz juggementz et ordenances. Et purce prierent au roi, qe pur seurte a sa persone, et salvacioun de son roialme, les prelatz et le clergie ferroient un procuratour, ovek poair sufficeant pur consenter en leur noun as toutz choses et ordenances a justifiers en cest present parlement; et qe sur ce chescun seignur espirituel dirroit pleinement son advys. | 9. Also, on the same Tuesday [18 September 1397] the commons declared to the king that in the past many judgments and ordinances made in the time of the progenitors of our lord the king in parliament had been repealed and annulled, because the estate of the clergy had not been present in parliament at the making of the said judgments and ordinances. And there they prayed of the king that for the security of his person and the salvation of his kingdom, the prelates and the clergy should appoint a proctor with sufficient power to consent in their name to all things and ordinances to be justified in the present parliament; and that thereon every lord spiritual should give his full advice. |
| 10. Sur quoy les ditz seignurs espirituelx severalment examinez se consenterent de commetter leur plein poair generalment a une lay persone, et nomerent en especiale monsire Thomas Percy, chivaler. Et sur ce baillerent au roy une cedule contenant leur dite poair. La quele nostre seignur le roy receust, et comanda la dite marsdy estre entrez de record en rolle du parlement. De quele cedule la forme s'ensuit: | 10. Whereupon, the said lords spiritual, severally questioned, agreed to commit their full power generally to a lay person, and they nominated in particular Sir Thomas Percy, knight. And thereupon they submitted to the king a schedule containing their said power. Which our lord the king received, and on the said Tuesday [18 September 1397] ordered it to be entered on record in the roll of parliament. The form of which schedule follows: |
| Nos, Thomas Cantuar' et Robertus Ebor' archiepiscopi, ac prelati et clerus utriusque provincie Cantuar' et Ebor', jure ecclesiarum nostrarum < et > temporalium earundem habentes jus interessendi in singulis parliamentis domini nostri regis et regni Anglie pro tempore celebrandis, necnon tractandi et expediendi in eisdem quantum ad singula in instanti parliamento pro statu et honore domini nostri regis, necnon regalie sue, ac quiete, pace, et tranquillitate regni judicialiter justificanda, venerabili viro domino Thome de Percy, militi, nostram plenarie committimus [p. iii-349][col. a] potestatem; ita ut singula per ipsum facta in premissis perpetuis temporibus habeantur. | We, Thomas of Canterbury and Robert of York archbishops, and the prelates and clergy of either province of Canterbury and York, having by right of our churches and the temporalities of the same the right to attend all parliaments of our lord the king and the kingdom of England at the time held, and also to discuss and further in the same everything to be judicially performed for the status and honour of the lord our king, and also his regality and the quiet, peace, and tranquillity of the realm, in the present parliament do fully commit our power to that venerable man Sir Thomas Percy, knight; [p. iii-349][col. a] so that all things in the aforesaid done through him shall stand forever. |
| 11. Et sur ce, le dit monsire Johan Bussy rehercea en substance la dite pronunciacion faite par le chaunceller; et monstra au roy pur les ditz communes, coment en le parlement tenuz a Westm' < le primer jour d'Octobre, > [editorial note: The scribe of C 65/59 also interlines these words.] l'an du regne nostre seignur le roy disme, (fn. iii-347-36-1) Thomas duc de Gloucestr', et Richard cont d'Arundell', traitours au roy et son roialme, par faux ymaginacioun et compassement firent faire par estatut une commissioun directe a eux mesmes, et autres persones a leur denominacioun, pur avoir la governaille du roy et du roialme, sibien deins l'ostiel du roy come dehors, et en les seignuries du roy pardela, come contenuz est en la dite commissioun. De quele le tenour s'ensuit: | 11. And thereupon the said Sir John Bushy rehearsed the substance of the said announcement made by the chancellor; and he showed to the king on behalf the said commons that in the parliament held at Westminster on 1 October in the tenth year of the reign of our lord the king, (fn. iii-347-36-1) Thomas duke of Gloucester and Richard earl of Arundel, traitors to the king and his kingdom, by false scheming and machination caused to be made by statute a commission directed to themselves and other persons of their choosing to have the governance of the king and kingdom, as well within the king's household as without, and in the king's lordships overseas, as is contained in the said commission. The tenor of which follows: |
| Le tenor de commission. | The tenor of the commission. |
| Richard par la grace de Dieu, roy d'Engleterre et de France, et seignur d'Irland, as toutz ceux qe cestes lettres verront ou orront, salutz. Nous avons certeinement conceuz, de la grevouse compleinte des seignurs et communes de nostre roialme en ce present parlement assemblez, qe noz profitz, rentes, et revenuz de nostre roialme, par singuler et noun sufficeant conseil et mal governaille sibien d'ascunes nadgairs noz grantz officers, come de diverses autres persones esteantz entour nostre persone, sont entant sustretz, < degastez, > esloignez, donez, grantez, alienez, destruitz, et malement despenduz, qe nous sumes tant empoverez, voidez, et nuz de tresore et d'avoir, et la substance de nostre corone entant amenuse et descreuz, qe l'estat de nous et de nostre hostiel ne poet honurablement estre sustenuz come affiert, ne les guerres qe se habundent tout environ nostre roialme de jour en autre meintenuz ne governez, sans tresgraundes et outrageouses oppressions et importables charges de nostre dit poeple: et auxint, qe les bones leys, estatutz, et custumes de nostre dit roialme, as queux nous sumes astrictz et obligez de tenir et garder, ne sont, n'ont este, duement tenuz ne executz, ne pleine justice ne droit faitz a nostre dit poeple: paront pleuseurs disheritesons, et autres tresgrandes meschiefs et damages sont avenuz, sibien a nous come a nostre dit poeple et a tout nostre roialme. Et nous, al honour de Dieu, et pur le bien de nous et de nostre dit roialme, et pur la quiete et relevacion de nostre dit poeple q'ont este grandement chargez en pleuseurs maneres devant ces heures, veullantz, ove la grace de Dieu, contre tieux meschiefs mettre bone et due remedie, si avons de nostre franche volunte, et al request des seignurs et communes susditz ordeinez, faitz, et assignez noz grantz officers; c'este assavoir nostre chanceller, tresorer, et gardein de nostre prive seal, tiels come nous tenons bons, loialx, et suffisantz pur honur et profit de nous et de nostre dit roialme. | Richard, by the grace of God, king of England and of France and lord of Ireland, to all those who shall see or hear these letters, greeting. It has come to our certain knowledge, by the grievous complaint of the lords and commons of our realm assembled in the present parliament, that the profits, rents, and revenues of our kingdom, through the singular and insufficient counsel and evil governance as well of some of our former great officers as of divers other persons being about our person, have been so largely withdrawn, wasted, removed, eloigned, granted, alienated, destroyed and ill expended that we are so impoverished, deprived, and stripped of treasure and possessions, and the substance of our crown so reduced and diminished, that the estate of us and our household cannot be honourably sustained as it ought to be, nor the wars which abound all around our realm from one day to the next maintained nor governed, without very great and outrageous oppressions and unbearable burdens on our said people: and also that the good laws, statutes, and customs of our said realm, which we are bound and obliged to uphold and protect, are not, nor have been, duly upheld nor executed, nor full justice nor right done to our said people: wherefor many disinheritances and other very great mischiefs and injuries have arisen, as well for us as for our said people and all our kingdom. And we, to the honour of God, and for the well-being of us and of our said realm, and for the quiet and relief of our said people who have been greatly charged in many ways in the past, willing, with the grace of God, to provide a good and due remedy against such troubles, have of our free will, and at the request of the lords and commons aforesaid, ordained, made, and assigned our great officers; namely our chancellor, treasurer, and keeper of our privy seal, such as we consider good, loyal, and sufficient for the honour and profit of us and our said realm. |
| Et outre ce, de nostre auctorite roiale, certeine science, bone gree, et franche volunte, et par advys et assent des prelatz, seignurs, et communes suisditz en pleine parlement, en eide de bone governance de nostre roialme, et bone et due execucioun de noz ditz loies, et en relevement de l'estat de nous et de nostre poeple en temps advenir; confiantz pleinement del bone avisement, sen, et discretion de les honurables pieres en Dieu William ercevesqe de Cantirbirs, Alisandre ercevesqe d'Everwyk, noz treschers uncles Esmon duc d'Everwyk, Thomas duc de Gloucestre; les honurables piers en Dieu William evesqe de Wyncestre, Thomas evesqe d'Excestre, et Nichol abbe de Waltham; noz chers et foialx Richard count d'Arundell', Johan sire de Cobham, Richard le Scrop', et Johan Devereux, iceux [...] avons ordeinez et assignez, et deputez, ordeignons, assignons, et deputons d'estre de nostre grant et continuel conseil par un an entier proschein apres la date d'icestes, a surveier et examiner, ovesqe noz ditz [col. b] grantz officers, sibien l'estat et governaille de nostre hostel, et de touz noz courts, lieux, et places, come l'estat et governaille de tout nostre roialme, et de touz noz officers et ministres de qeconqe estat, degre, ou condicion q'ils soient, sibien deinz nostre hostiel come dehors; et d'enquere et de prendre informacioun par toutz les voies qe meultz leur semblera, de toutes les rentes, < revenues, et profitz q'a nous appartienent et sont duez, et deussent appartenir et estre duez, sibien deinz nostre roialme come dehors, en qeconqe manere ou condicion q'il soit, et de toutz maneres > de dounes, grauntes, alienacions, et confirmacions, par nous faitz de terres, tenementz, < rentes, annuitees, > profitz, < revenues, gardes, mariages, eschetes, forfaitures, > franchises, libertees; voidances des erceveschees, evesches, abbacies et priories, fermes de mesons et possessions des aliens, et de toutes autres possessions, sommes de deniers, biens, et chateux, et d'autres choses qeconqes, et as queux persones, et par quele cause, et coment, et en quele manere, et mesment de ceux persones qe l'ont pris sanz decert: et auxint des revenues et profitz qeconqes, sibien de nostre dit roialme come de terres, seignuries, citees, villes, chastelx, forteresces, et qeconqes noz autres possessions, sibien decea la mier come dela; et < de > profitz et emolumentz de < noz > monoies et billions, et de la prise des prisoners, villes, et lieux, niefs, carraks, biens et ranceons de guerre, par terre et par mier; et de benefices et autres possessions de cardinalx rebelx, et touz autres aliens; et auxint des apportes de monoie hors de nostre roialme par les collectours de pape, procuratours des cardinalx, lumbardes, et autres persones qeconqes, sibien aliens come denzeins; et des emolumentz et profitz provenantz et sourdancez de custumes et subsides des leyns, quirs, et peaux lanutz, et de les petites custumes, et autres subsides de draps, vines et toutes autres marchandises; et des dismes et quinszismes, et toutes autres subsides et chargees grauntez par le clergie et la commune; et auxint de les resceites, profitz et paiementz del hanaper de nostre chancellarie, et de qeconqes noz autres resceites de temps de nostre coronement tanqe en cea; et de fees, gages, et rewardes des officers et ministres greindres et meindres; et auxint des annuitees, et autres rewardes et douns grauntez et faitz as ascunes persones par nous et par noz pier et aiel, en fee, ou a terme de vie, ou en ascun autre manere, et si gree ou paiement leur ent soit fait, et par queux, et en quele manere, et combien ils ont relesses ou dounez as officers et autres pur avoir leur paiementz, et as queux persones, coment, et en quel manere; et de terres, tenementz, rentz, revenues, et forfaitures bargaines et venduz, a prejudice et damage de nous et de nostre corone, et par queux, et as queux, et coment, et en quele manere; et de vent ou bargaigne de tailles et patentes pur singuler profit, sibien en temps de nostre dit aiel come en nostre temps, et coment, et par queles persones; et ensement de [touz] les joialx et biens qe feurent a nostre dit aiel a temps de son moriant, et queux, et de quele pris ou value, et ou ils sont devenuz, coment, et en quele manere; et de toutes chevances ascunement faitz a nostre oeps, et par queconqes persones, et de toutes les perdes et damages qe nous avons euz et sustenu par ycelles, et par queux persones, < et > coment, et en quele manere; et de chartres de pardoun generales et especialx; et auxint de les sommes et paiementz et manere des despenses sibien de nostre dit hostel come pur la salvacion et defense de noz roialme, terres, seignuries, villes, chastelx, forteresces, et autres lieux decea la mier et dela, faitz et receux par qeconqes persones, sibien soldiers come autres, et par qeconqe voie, et coment, et en quele manere, et combien ils [editorial note: C 65/59 reads 'q'ils'.] ont donez pur avoir leur paiementz; et < de > concelementz de noz droitures et profitz, et par queux, coment, et en quele manere; et de meintenours [p. iii-350][col. a] et emparnours des quereles, et dustres d'enquestes et d'officers et ministres faitz par brogage, et de leur brogours, et de ceux qi ont pris la brogage, et coment, et en quele manere; et de toutes les defautes et mesprisions faitz sibien en nostre dit hostel, et noz autres courtz, places et lieux suisditz, come en toutz autres lieux deinz nostre roialme, et par queconqes persones, paront les profitz de nous et de nostre corone ont este empirez et amenusez, ou la commune ley destourbe ou delaie, ou autere damage a nous avenu; donantz et committantz par ycestes, de nostre auctorite, et par advys et assent desusditz, a noz ditz conseillers, et sys de eux, et a noz grantz officers avantditz, plein poair et auctorite, general et especial, d'entrer nostre dit hostel, et toutz les offices d'icelle, et toutes noz autres courtz, places, et lieux, a tant de foiz come leur plerra, et de faire venir devant eux, ou et qant leur plerra, rolles, recordes, et autres munimentz et evidences, tieux come leur semblera; et toutes les defautes, gastes, et excesses trovez el dit hostel; et auxint toutes autres defautes et mesprisions trovez en les autres courtz, places, lieux, officers, et ministres suisditz, et en toutes les autres articles et pointz desusnomez, et chescun d'icelles; et auxint toutes autres defautes, mesprisions, excesses, fauxcines, desceites, extorcions, oppressions, damages et [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'et'.] grevances, faitz en prejudice, damage, et descresse de nous et de nostre corone, et l'estat de nostre dit roialme en general ou en especial, nient expressez ne specifiez paramont, amender, corriger, reparer, redresser, reformer, et mettre en bone et due estat et establissement. | And further, of our royal authority, certain knowledge, good grace, and free will, and by the advice and assent of the prelates, lords, and commons aforesaid in full parliament, to aid the good governance of our realm and the good and due execution of our said laws, and to relieve the estate of us and of our people in time to come; trusting wholly in the good advice, sense and discretion of the honourable father in God William archbishop of Canterbury, Alexander archbishop of York, our very dear uncles Edmund duke of York, Thomas duke of Gloucester; the honourable fathers in God William bishop of Winchester, Thomas bishop of Exeter, and Nicholas abbot of Waltham; our dear and faithful Richard earl of Arundel, John Lord Cobham, Richard le Scrope, and John Devereux, those we have ordained, assigned, and deputed, and do ordain, assign and depute, to be of our great and continual council for one whole year after the date hereof, to survey and examine, with our said [col. b] great officers, as well the estate and governance of our household and of all our courts, sites, and places, as the state and governance of all our kingdom, and of all our officers and ministers of whatsoever estate, degree or condition they be, as well within our household as without; and to enquire and obtain information by all means that seem best to them, concerning all the rents, revenues, and profits which pertain or are due to us, and ought so to pertain and be due, as well within our kingdom as without, in whatsoever manner or condition they be, and of all manner of gifts, grants, alienations, and confirmations made by us of lands, tenements, rents, annuities, profits, revenues, wardships, marriages, escheats, forfeitures, franchises, liberties; vacancies of archbishoprics, bishoprics, abbacies, and priorates, farms of houses and possessions of aliens, and of all other possessions, sums of money, goods and chattels, and of other things whatsoever; and to which persons, and for what reason, and how, and in what manner, and likewise concerning those persons who have taken them without desert; and also of revenues and profits whatsoever, as well of our said kingdom as of lands, lordships, cities, towns, castles, fortresses and other our possessions whatsoever, as well this side of the sea as beyond; and of profits and emoluments from our money and bullion, and from the capture of prisoners, towns, and places, ships, carracks, goods and ransoms of war by land and by sea; and of benefices and other possessions of rebel cardinals, and all other aliens; and also concerning removal of money from our kingdom by papal collectors, proctors of cardinals, Lombards, and other persons whatsoever, as well aliens as denizens; and of emoluments and profits issuing and arising from customs and subsidies on wool, hides and woolfells, and from the petty customs and other subsides on cloth, wine, and all other merchandise; and of tenths and fifteenths, and all other subsidies and charges granted by the clergy and commons; and also concerning the receipts, profits, and payments of the hanaper of our chancery, and of any of our other receipts from the time of our coronation until now; and of the fees, wages, and rewards of offices and ministers, greater and lesser; and also of annuities, and other rewards and gifts made and granted to any persons by us and by our father and grandfather, in fee or for term of life, or in any other manner, and if grace or payment be made them therefor, and by whom, and in what manner, and how much they have released or given to officers and others to have their payments, and to which persons, how, and in what manner; and of lands, tenements, rents, revenues and forfeitures bargained and sold, to the prejudice and injury of us and our crown, and by whom, and to whom, and how, and in what manner; and of the sale or bargain of tallies and patents for singular profit, as well in the time of our said grandfather as in our time, and how and by which persons; and likewise concerning all the jewels and goods which belonged to our said grandfather at the time of his death, and which, and of what price or value, and what has become of them, how, and in what manner; and concerning all loans in any way made for our use, and by which persons, and of all the losses and damages which we have suffered and sustained through the same, and by which persons, and how, and in what manner; and of charters of pardon general and special; and also of the sums and payments and the manner of expenditure both in our said household and for the salvation and defence of our realm, lands, lordships, towns, castles, fortresses and other places on either side of the sea, made and received by whatsoever persons, as well soldiers as others, and by whatsoever means, and how, and in what manner, and how much they have given to have their payments; and of concealment of our rights and profits, and by whom, how, and in what manner; and of maintainers [p. iii-350][col. a] and instigators of cases, and leaders of inquests and of officers and ministers appointed by bribery, and their bribers, and concerning those who have taken the bribe, and how, and in what manner; and of all the faults and offences committed as well in our said household and in our other courts, places, and sites aforesaid, as in all other places within our realm, and by whatsoever persons, in consequence of which the profits of us and of our crown have been impaired and reduced, or the common law disturbed or delayed, or other injury suffered by us; giving and committing by these, of our authority, and by the advice and assent aforesaid, to our said councillors, or six of them, and to our great officers aforesaid, full power and authority, general and special, to enter our said household and all the offices of the same, and all our other courts, places and sites as often as they please, and to cause to be brought before them, where and whensoever they please, rolls, records and other muniments and documents, such as they choose; and to amend, correct, repair, redress, reform, and return to a good and proper state and condition all the defaults, waste, and excesses found in the said household; and also all other faults and offences found in the other courts, places, sites, officers and ministers abovesaid, and in all the other articles and points listed above, and every one of the same; and also all other defaults, offences, excesses, frauds, deceits, extortions, oppressions, damage and injuries done to the prejudice, injury, and detriment of us and of our crown and the estate of our said realm in general and in particular, not expressed or specified above. |
| Et auxint de oier et resceyvre toutes maneres < des > pleintes et quereles de toutz noz liges qi vourront suir et se pleindre, sibien pur nous come pur leur mesmes, devant noz ditz conseillers et officers, de toutes maneres de duresses, oppressions, injuries, tortz, et mesprisions, queux ne purront bonement estre amendez ne terminez par la cours de la commune ley de la terre avant usee, et de ent donir et faire bone et due remedie et recoverir, sibien pur nous come pur noz liges susditz; et a toutes les choses avantditz et [editorial note: C 65/57 inserts 'a'.] chescun de eux pleinement discuter, et finalment terminer, et de ent faire pleine execucioun, solonc ceo qe leur semblera meulx pur le honur et profit de nous et de nostre estat, et redyntegracioun de droitz et profitz de nostre dite corone, et meillour governance de la paix et leis de nostre terre, et relevement de nostre dit poeple. | And also to hear and receive all manner of plaints and cases from all our lieges who wish to sue and complain, as well for us as for themselves, before our said councillors and officers, of all manner of duress, oppressions, injuries, wrongs and offences which cannot effectively be amended or settled by the course of the common law of the land heretofor used, and to give and provide good and due remedy thereof and recovery, as well for us as for our lieges aforesaid; and fully to discuss and finally determine all the things aforesaid and each one of them, and fully to execute them, as shall seem to them best for the honour and profit of us and our estate, and the restoration of the rights and profits of our said crown, and the better governance of the peace and laws of our land and relief of our said people. |
| Veullantz auxi, qe si diversite ou variance d'oppinioun sourde ou aveigne entre noz ditz conseillers et [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'et'.] officers, qe le juggement et oppinion de la greindre partie eit force et tiegne lieu. Comandantz et chargeantz a toutz prelatz, ducs, contes, barons, seneschalles, tresorer, controllour, et toutz autres officers de nostre hostel, justices de l'un banc et de l'autre, et autres noz justices queconqes, barons et chamberleins de l'escheqer, viscontz, eschetours, mairs, baillifs, et toutz autres noz officers, ministres, et liges queconqes, qe a noz ditz conseillers et officers en la manere avantdite soient entendantz, obeiantz, conseillantz, et eidantz, si sovent et par manere come noz ditz conseillers et officers leur ferront assavoir depar nous. En tesmoignance de quele chose nous avons fait faire cestes noz lettres patentes. Doun souz nostre grand seal a Westm' le dys et noefisme jour de Novembre, l'an de nostre regne disme. | Willing also, that if diversity or difference of opinion should arise or occur between our said councillors and officers, that the judgment and opinion of the majority have force and take effect. Ordering and charging all bishops, dukes, earls, barons, stewards, the treasurer, controller, and all other officers of our household, the justices of either bench, and our other justices whomsoever, barons and chamberlains of the exchequer, sheriffs, escheators, mayors, bailiffs, and all our other officers, ministers, and lieges whomsoever, that they attend, obey, counsel and assist our said councillors and officers in the aforesaid manner as often and in whatsoever way our said councillors and officers shall ask of them on our behalf. In witness of which we have caused these our letters to be made patent. Given under our great seal at Westminster, on 19 November in the tenth year of our reign [1386]. |
| Repelle de statut et commissioun. | The repeal of the statute and commission. |
| Queles commissioun, et estatut touchant mesme la commissioun, (fn. iii-347-45-1) sembla as ditz communes estre prejudiciels au roy et sa corone, et usurpacion de < sa > [editorial note: This word is also interlined in C 65/59.] regalie et roiale poair. Et qe les ditz duc de Gloucestre et cont d'Arundell' envoierent une grante persone, pere de la terre, en message a nostre dit [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'dit'.] seignur le roy, qe de leur part luy disoit, qe s'il ne voudroit granter et assenter as ditz commission et estatut il feust en grant peril de sa vie: et issint, sibien la dite commission, come le dit estatut touchant mesme la commission, feurent faitz [col. b] par constreint et compulsioun, encontre la gree [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'encountre la degree'.] du roy et sa volunte. Queles communes prierent au roy, qe les ditz commission, et estatut touchant mesme la commission, serroient, ove touz les dependances d'icelles, repellez en cest present parlement, et de tout adnullez, come chose fait traiterousement, encontre sa regalie, sa corone, et sa dignitee. Sur quoy nostre seignur le roy, de l'assent de touz les seignurs espirituels et temporels, et les procuratours del clergie, assemblez en cest present parlement, < et > [editorial note: This word is also interlined in C 65/59.] a la requeste des ditz communes, sy ad repellez le dit estatut en cest article, et mesme la commission, et touz les peines et dependances d'icelles, et de tout adnullez pur touz jours, pur les causes susdites, queux sont overtement conuz as toutz les estatz du parlement. (fn. iii-347-45-2) | The which commission, and statute touching the same commission, (fn. iii-347-45-1) seemed to the said commons to be prejudicial to the king and his crown and a usurpation of his regality and royal power. And that the said duke of Gloucester and the earl of Arundel sent a great person, a peer of the realm, with a message to our said lord the king, which for their part said that if he would not grant and agree to the said commission and statute he would be in great peril of his life: and so both the said commission and the said statute touching the same commission had been made [col. b] by constraint and compulsion, against the estate and will of the king and kingdom. The which commons prayed of the king that the said commission and the statute touching the same commission, with all the dependencies thereof, should be repealed in the present parliament and entirely annulled, as a thing made treacherously, contrary to his regality, his crown, and his dignity. Whereupon, our lord the king, with the assent of all the lords spiritual and temporal and the procurators of the clergy, assembled in the present parliament, and at the request of the said commons, has thus repealed the said statute in this article, and the same commission, and all the penalties and dependencies of the same, and annulled them completely forever, for the aforesaid reasons, which were openly known to all the estates of parliament. (fn. iii-347-45-2) |
| Peine sur ceo. | Penalty thereon. |
| Et outre ce, le roy par assent de touz les < ditz > [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'ditz'.] seignurs et communes ad ordeinez et establiz, qe nulle tiele commission, n'autre semblable, james ne soit purchacez, pursuez, ne faite en temps avenir: et celluy qe purchace, pursue, ou procure d'estre faite ou pursue [editorial note: C 65/59 reads 'd'estre pursuez ou fait'.] ascune tiele commission ou semblable en temps advenir, en privee ou en appiert, ou use jurisdiction ou poair par vertue d'ascune tiele commissioun, et de ce soit duement convict en parlement, soit adjugge pur traitour et ceo de haute tresoun faite encontre le roy et sa corone; et de [editorial note: C 65/57 adds 'ce'.] ceo le roy eit la forfaiture de ses terres, tenementz, et possessions, et touz autres enheritementz a luy et ses heirs, sibien tenuz de luy mesmes come d'autres. | And further, the king with the assent of all the lords and commons has ordained and decreed that no such commission, nor anything similar, should ever be purchased, pursued, or made in time to come: and anyone who shall purchase, pursue, or procure to be made or pursued any such commission or the like in time to come, in private or in public, or exercise jurisdiction or power by virtue of any such commission, and shall be duly convicted thereof in parliament, shall be adjudged a traitor, that is, of high treason committed contrary to the king and crown; and for that let the king have the forfeiture of his lands, tenements and possessions, and all other inheritances to him and his heirs, as well those held of himself as of others. |
| Repelle de pardoun fait l'an unszisme. [editorial note: The heading in C 65/59 reads 'Repelle d'estatut et pardoun del an unszisme.] | Repeal of the pardon made in the eleventh year. |
| 12. Item, mesme le jour de marsdy, les ditz communes monstrerent au roy en cest parlement, coment les avantditz duc de Gloucestre, et cont d'Arundell', continuantz leur < ditz > malveis et traiterouse purpos quele ils avoient comencez, come dessuis, par colour de la dite commission, acrocherent a eux Thomas cont de Warr', et touz troys ensemble firent lever en forcible manere, a faire de guerre, grant nombre des gentz des liges nostre seignur le roy, et soy assemblerent a Haryngey, et issint viendrent en tiele forcible manere a nostre seignur le roy a son paloys de Westm', et firent nostre seignur le roy par cohercion et compulsion sommoner un parlement, tenu a Westm' l'an de son regne unszisme. (fn. iii-347-49-1) A quel parlement ils viendront traiterousement en tiel forcible manere, a faire de guerre, et firent nostre seignur le roy faire pardoun par estatut a les avantdites duc et contes, et autres qi feurent en leur compaignie, ou de leur eide et conseil, sicome en le recorde de mesme le parlement pleinement appiert. (fn. iii-347-49-2) Et porce qe la dite pardoun feuste fait par compulsion et constreint de les ditz duc et contes d'Arundell' et Warr', et leur poair, en prejudice du roy, et encontre son gree et volunte, et regalie, libertee, et dignitee de sa corone, prierent les ditz communes au roy, qe la dite pardoun soit [tout] repellez et adnullez. Et qe la peine de treson de touz ceux qi font pursuit de freindre, adnuller, ou reverser ascunes appelles, pursuites, accusementz, processes, juggementz, et execucions faitz et renduz en mesme le parlement le dit an unszisme; et auxi de ceux qi pursuent de recounceiller ceux qi feurent forjuggez en le dit parlement le dit an unszisme, ou de eux faire avoir pardoun, ou de eux restituer a la commune ley en ascun manere, serroit adjugge, et aueroit execucioun come traitour et enemy du roy et du roialme, soit auxint repellez et adnullez. Sur quoy nostre seignur le roy, de l'assent de touz les seignurs sibien espirituels come temporels, et procuratours del clergie, et a la request des ditz communes, assemblez en cest present parlement, sy ad repellez le dit pardoun, et la peine auxint < et > les dependences d'icelle, et de tout adnullez. | 12. Also, on that same Tuesday [18 September 1397], the said commons showed to the king in this parliament that the aforesaid duke of Gloucester and earl of Arundel, continuing the wicked and treacherous purpose which they had begun, as above, by colour of the said commission, drew to their cause Thomas earl of Warwick, and all three together forcibly levied a large number of men from amongst the lieges of our lord the king to wage war, and assembled at Harringay, and thus came in such warlike manner to our lord the king at his palace of Westminster, and caused our lord the king by coercion and compulsion to summon a parliament which was held at Westminster in the eleventh year of his reign. (fn. iii-347-49-1) To which parliament they came treacherously, in warlike manner, to wage war, and caused our lord the king to grant a pardon by statute to the aforesaid duke and earls and others who were in their company or of their aid and counsel, as plainly appears in the record of the same parliament. (fn. iii-347-49-2) And because the said pardon was made by the compulsion and constraint of the said duke and earls of Arundel and Warwick and their power, to the prejudice of the king, and against his consent and will and the regality, liberty, and dignity of his crown, the said commons prayed of the king that the said pardon should be entirely repealed and annulled, and that the penalty of treason - namely, that all those who sought to crush, annul or reverse any appeals, suits, accusations, processes, judgments or executions made and rendered in the same parliament in the said eleventh year [1388], and also of those who sought to reconcile those who were forjudged in the said parliament in the said eleventh year, or to cause them to have pardon, or to restore them to the common law in any way, should be adjudged and have execution as traitor and enemy of the king and kingdom - should also be repealed and annulled. Whereupon our lord the king, with the assent of all the lords both spiritual and temporal and the proctors of the clergy, and at the request of the said commons assembled in the present parliament, repealed and entirely annulled the said pardon, and also the penalties and dependencies of the same. |
| Fait a remembrer, qe apres, en mesme le parlement a Salopbirs, le dit parlement tenuz le dit an [p. iii-351][col. a] unzisme feust de tout adnullez et revokez par estatut, ovek touz les juggementz et dependences d'icelles, come cy apres piert plus a plein. | Be it remembered that later, in the same parliament at Shrewsbury, the said parliament held in the said eleventh year [p. iii-351][col. a] was entirely annulled and revoked by statute, with all the judgments and dependencies of the same, as appears more plainly heretofor. |
| [memb. 11] | |
| Repelle de chartre de pardoun. | The repeal of the charter of pardon. |
| 13. Item, mesme le jour de marsdy, prierent les ditz communes, qe une chartre de pardoun especiale grante par nostre dit seignur le roy a Wyndesore, del date de .xxx. jour d'Averill', l'an du regne nostre dit seignur le roy dys et septisme, a dit Richard counte d'Arundell', de touz maneres de tresons, insurrections ovek les communes et autres, encontre sa ligeance, et pleuseurs autres tresons, felonies, trespasses, et autres malfaitz comprisez en mesme la chartre: par cause qe la dite chartre feust graunte et issez hautement en prejudice du roy, sa regalie, et sa corone, le roy nient apris ne enformez au temps du grante de mesme la chartre, ne qe les matiers comprisez deinz ycelles feurent sy horribles et sy haynouses, encontre sa dignitee roiale, et en ce nostre seignur le roy desceu; soit repelle, et de tout adnulle. Sur quoy nostre seignur le roy, mesme le marsdy, par assent de touz l'estatz du parlement ad repellez la dite chartre de pardoun, et la force d'icelle, et de tout adnullez. | 13. Also, on the same Tuesday [18 September 1397], the said commons prayed that a special charter of pardon granted by our said lord the king at Windsor, dated 30 April in the seventeenth year of the reign of our said lord the king [1394], to Richard earl of Arundel, of all manner of treasons and insurrections with the commons and others against his allegiance, and many other treasons, felonies, trespasses and other misdeeds contained in the same charter - because the said charter had been granted and issued to the great prejudice of the king, his regality, and his crown, and the king not apprised nor informed thereof at the time of the grant of the same charter, nor that the matters contained in the same were so horrible and so heinous, contrary to his royal dignity, and our lord the king was deceived therein - be repealed and entirely annulled. Whereupon, our lord the king, on the same Tuesday [18 September 1397], by the assent of all the estates of parliament, repealed and entirely annulled the said charter of pardon and the force of the same. |
| Protestacioun des communes [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'des communes'.] d'accuser durant le parlement. | The protestation of the commons to accuse during the parliament. |
| 14. Item, le joedy le .xx. jour de Septembre, les ditz communes firent protestacioun devant le roy en plein parlement, qe combien q'ils vourroient monstrer et declarer mesme le jour en plein parlement certeins matiers et articles des queux ils feurent alors avisez, et entre eux accordez, nientmeins il feust et est leur entent et volunte, par conge de nostre seignur le roy, d'accuser et empescher persone ou persones < atantes de foiz > [editorial note: These words are also interlined in C 65/59.] come leur sembleroit affaire durant le temps de cest present parlement. Et prierent au roy, qe luy plerroit accepter leur dite protestacioun, et q'il soit entrez en rolle de parlement de record. La quele chose nostre seignur le roy lour ad ottroiee, et comanda d'estre fait. | 14. Also, on Thursday 20 September [1397], the said commons made protestation before the king in full parliament that although they would show and declare on the same day in full parliament certain matters and articles of which they were then advised and agreed amongst themselves, nevertheless it was and is their intention and wish, with the permission of our lord the king, to accuse and impeach some person or persons as many times as might seem to them profitable during the course of the present parliament. And they prayed of the king that it might please him to accept their said protestation, and that it be entered on record in the roll of parliament. The which our lord the king granted them, and ordered it to be done. |
| Accusement del ercevesqe. | The accusation of the archbishop. |
| 15. Item, puis les ditz communes, mesme le jour, devant le roy en plein parlement accuserent et empescherent Thomas d'Arundell' ercevesqe de Cantirbirs de haute treison, de ce, q'il esteant chief officer du roy, c'estassavoir son chanceller, traiterousement feust eidant, procurant, et conseillant de faire faire et pursuer la dite commission, directe a Thomas duc de Gloucestre, Richard conte d'Arundell', et autres, l'an du < regne > [editorial note: This word is also interlined in C 65/59.] nostre seignur le roy disme, et fist et procurast luy mesmes come chief officer du roialme estre mys en la dite commission, a avoir poair de < faire > execucion d'icelle, ovek les autres commissioneres desusditz; la quele commission feust faite en prejudice du roy, et overtement encontre sa regalie, sa dignite, et sa corone: et qe le dit Thomas d'Arundell', ercevesqe, usa et myst en execucion la commission susdite. | 15. Also, then the said commons, that same day [20 September 1397], before the king in full parliament accused and impeached Thomas Arundel archbishop of Canterbury of high treason, for that he, being a chief officer of the king, namely his chancellor, treacherously aided, procured, and counselled in the making and performing of the said commission directed to Thomas duke of Gloucester, Richard earl of Arundel and others in the tenth year of the reign of our said lord the king [1386], and caused and procured himself, as chief officer of the kingdom, to be included in the said commission, to have the power to execute the same with the other commissioners aforesaid; which commission was made to the prejudice of the king and overtly against his regality, his dignity, and his crown: and that the said Archbishop Thomas Arundel exercised and executed the aforesaid commission. |
| A heading in C 65/59 reads 'de eodem'. | |
| Item, de ce qe le dit Thomas ercevesqe, l'an du regne nostre dit seignur le roy unzisme, procurast et conseilast les ditz duc de Gloucestre, et contes d'Arundell' et Warr', de prendre sur eux roiale poair, et de arester les [editorial note: C 65/57 inserts 'loialx'.] liges du roy Symond de Burley, < et > James Berners, et de eux, contre la volente et assent du roy, adjugger a la mort. Et sur ceo les ditz communes prierent au roy, qe le dit Thomas ercevesqe serroit mys en sauf garde, en honeste manere. Et le roy nostre seignur disoit, qe par cause qe les ditz accusementz et empeschementz touchent si haute persone et pere de son roialme, il voilloit ent estre advisez. | Also, for that the said Archbishop Thomas, in the eleventh year of the reign of our said lord the king [1387-8], procured and counselled the said duke of Gloucester and the earls of Arundel and Warwick to take upon themselves royal power and arrest the king's lieges, Simon Burley and James Berners, and adjudge them to death, against the will and assent of the king. And therefore the said commons prayed of the king that the said Archbishop Thomas be placed in safe keeping, in an honourable manner. And the king our lord said that because the said accusations and impeachments touched a person so high and a peer of his realm, he would take counsel thereon. |
| Exil del ercevesqe. [editorial note: C 65/59 reads 'Concessioun et exil del ercevesqe.'] | The archbishop's exile. |
| 16. Item, le .xxv. jour de Septembre proschein ensuant, les ditz communes prierent au roy: qe come [col. b] ils avoient empeschez et accusez le dit Thomas d'Arundell' ercevesqe de Cantirbirs, de ce q'il feust d'assent de faire faire la dite commission, le dit dys et noefisme jour de Novembre, l'an disme nostre dit seignur le roy, et de l'execucioun d'icelle; la quele commission feust expresse encontre le roy, son estat, sa corone, et sa dignitee, qe plerroit au roy ordeiner tiel juggement vers [editorial note: C 65/59 reads 'devers'.] le dit ercevesqe come la cas demande. Et le roy sur ceo recorda en le dit parlement, qe le dit ercevesqe avoit este devant luy en presence de certeins seignurs, et confessa, qe en la use de la dite commission il soy mesprist, et luy myst en la grace du roy. Sur quoy nostre dit seignur le roy, et touz les seignurs temporels, et monsire Thomas de Percy eiant poair sufficeante de les prelatz et clergie de roialme d'Engleterre, come piert de record en le dit parlement, adjuggerent et declarerent cest article comiz par le dit ercevesqe pur traison, qe touche le roy mesmes, et le dit ercevesqe pur traitour. Et sur ce est agarde en le dit parlement, qe le dit ercevesqe soit banniz et exilez hors du roialme d'Engleterre, et qe ses temporaltees soient seisez en [editorial note: C 65/59 inserts 'le'.] maine le roy, et ses biens et chateux forfaitz au roy; et quant al exil, tant come plerra au roy. | 16. Also, on 25 September next following, the said commons prayed of the king that whereas [col. b] they had impeached and accused the said Thomas Arundel, archbishop of Canterbury, that he had agreed to the making of the said commission on the said 19 November in the tenth year of our said lord the king [1386], and to the execution of the same - which commission was expressly contrary to the king, his estate, his crown and his dignity - that it might please the king to ordain such judgment against the said archbishop as the case demanded. And the king thereupon recorded in the said parliament that the said archbishop had been before him in the presence of certain lords and confessed that in exercising the said commission he had offended, and he submitted himself to the king's grace. Whereupon our said lord the king and all the lords temporal, and Sir Thomas Percy having sufficient power from the prelates and clergy of the kingdom of England, as appears on record in the said parliament, adjudged and declared that act committed by the said archbishop to be treason which touched the king himself, and the said archbishop to be a traitor. And thereupon it was decided in the said parliament that the said archbishop should be banished and exiled from the kingdom of England, and that his temporalities be taken into the king's hands, and his goods and chattels forfeit to the king; and as for the exile, it would be as the king should please. |
| 17. Et sur ce nostre seignur le roy assigna al dit ercevesqe le jour de son passage de la vendredy en la veille del fest de Seint Michel a sys semaignes proscheins ensuantz, en le port de Dovorr' a les parties de Fraunce. Et outre ce, q'il forface touz ses terres, tenementz, et possessions queux il ad en fee simple, par descent, purchace, ou en autre manere, ou avoit le jour de la traison perpetrez ou puis, ou ascune < autre > avoit a son oeps, a nostre dit seignur le roy et ses heirs, pur touz jours. | 17. And thereupon our lord the king assigned to the said archbishop as the day of his passage Friday upon the eve of the feast of [Martinmas] in six weeks following [9 November 1397], from the port of Dover to the parts of France. And further, that he forfeit all his lands, tenements and possessions which he had in fee simple, by descent, purchase, or in other manner, or had on the day when the treason was perpetrated or later, or which any other held to his use, to our said lord the king and his heirs, forever. |
| Declaracioun de quatre pointz de traisoun. [editorial note: The heading in C 65/59 reads 'De quatre pointz de treson.'] | The declaration of four points of treason. |
| 18. Auxint le roy, par assent de touz les seignurs du parlement sibien espirituels come temporels, et les communes avantditz, ad ordenez et establiz, qe chescune qe compasse et purpose la mort le roy, ou < de > [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'de'.] luy deposier, ou desuis rendre [editorial note: C 65/57 substitutes 'de susrendre' for 'desuis rendre'.] son homage lige, ou celluy qe leve le poeple et chivache encontre le roy afaire de guerre deinz son roialme, et de ceo soit duement atteint et adjugge en parlement, soit adjuggez come traitour de haute traison encontre la corone, et forface de luy et de ses heirs qeconqes touz ses terres, tenementz, et possessions, et libertees, et touz autres enheritementz queux il ad, ou ascun autre ad a son oeps, ou avoit le jour de traisoun perpetrez, sibien en fee taille, come en fee simple, au roy et ses heirs, sibien tenuz d'autres come de luy mesmes, pur touz jours; et auxi celle possession qe ascune autre ad a son oeps. Et < qe > [editorial note: This word is also interlined in C 65/59.] ceste estatut s'extende et tiegne lieu sibien as ceux qe sont adjuggez ou atteintz pur ascun des quatre pointz des ditz traisons en cest present parlement, come de touz ceux qi serront adjuggez ou atteintz en parlement en temps avenir des ascuns des quatre pointz de traisons susditz. Et n'est pas l'entencion du roy, ne de les seignurs, ne assent des communes avantditz, qe si ascun tiel qe forface en manere susdit soit enfeffez en ascuny terre, tenement, ou possessioun, a autre oeps, qe ce soit compris en celle forfaiture. (fn. iii-347-70-1) | 18. Also the king, by the assent of all the lords of parliament both spiritual and temporal and the aforesaid commons, ordained and decreed that every one who plots and plans the death of the king, or to depose him, or to withdraw his liege homage, or whoever raises the people and rides against the king to wage war within his kingdom, and is duly convicted and adjudged thereof in parliament, shall be adjudged as a traitor for high treason against the crown, and shall forfeit from himself and his heirs whatsoever all his lands, tenements and possessions, and liberties, and all other hereditaments which he has, or which any other has to his use, or had on the day of the treason perpetrated, as well in fee tail as in fee simple, to the king and his heirs, as well held of others as of himself, for ever; and also anything which which any other holds to his use. And that this statute shall extend and apply to those who are adjudged or convicted of any of the four points of the said treasons in the present parliament, and to those who shall be adjudged or convicted in parliament in time to come of any of the four points of treason aforesaid. And it is not the intention of the king, nor of the lords, nor is it agreed by the commons aforesaid, that if any such person who forfeits in the aforesaid manner is enfeoffed in any land, tenement or possession to the use of another, that that shall be included in the forfeiture. (fn. iii-347-70-1) |
| Mortymer. | Mortimer. |
| The following item is written in a different, contemporary hand. The compressed appearance of the text suggests it has been added later. The item also appears in C 65/57 but not in C 65/59. | |
| 19. Auxint, come Edward cont de Roteland, et les autres seignurs appellantz ont appellez Thomas Mortymer, chivaler, de pluseurs hautes traisons comprises en lour dit appelle, et les ditz communes du roialme oint empeschez et accusez le dit Thomas Mortymer de mesmes les traisons en cest present parlement; pur ceo qe le dit Thomas soy tient come futif, ordeine est et establiz par nostre dit seignur le roy, de l'assent de touz l'estates du parlement, qe proclamacion soit faite, sibien deinz ceste roialme d'Engleterre come en la terre d'Irland, qe le dit Thomas soy rende a nostre dit seignur le roy en sa propre persone, la ou nostre seignur le roi serra en Engleterre, [p. iii-352][col. a] deinz trois mois proscheins apres le .xxiiij. jour de Septembre, pur estere a soun respons, et a la loye en celle partie. Et s'il ne veigne et soy rende a nostre seignur le roy deinz les ditz trois mois, come dessuis est dit, q'il soit convict et atteint de touz les traisons dont il est appellez, et tenuz pur traitour a roy et a roialme. Et qe touz ceux qe sont adherdantz, conseillantz ou eidantz, a dit Thomas Mortymer, apres les ditz trois mois qe le dit Thomas Mortymer soit issint convict et atteint, et ceo duement provez en parlement, q'ils soient adjuggez come traitours au roy et a roialme. | 19. Also, whereas Edward earl of Rutland and the other lords appellant have accused Thomas Mortimer, knight, of many high treasons contained in their said appeal, and the said commons of the realm have impeached and accused the said Thomas Mortimer of the same treasons in the present parliament; because the said Thomas bears himself as a fugitive, it is ordained and decreed by our said lord the king, with the assent of all the estates of parliament, that proclamation shall be made, both within this realm of England and in the land of Ireland, that the said Thomas surrender to our said lord the king in person, whersoever our lord the king shall be in England, [p. iii-352][col. a] within three months next after 24 September [1397], to be at his answer and at the law in that matter. And if he does not come and surrender himself to our lord the king within the said three months, as is said above, that he shall be convicted and attainted of all the treasons of which he is accused, and for which he is held a traitor to the king and kingdom. And that all those who are adherents, counsellors or assistant to the said Thomas Mortimer after the said three months when the said Thomas Mortimer be thus convicted and attainted, and that duly proven in parliament, shall be adjudged as traitors to the king and kingdom. |
| Estatut de les contrariantz des juggementz. | The statute concerning the opposers of the judgments. |
| 20. Item, le .xxvi. jour de Septembre, les ditz communes prierent au roy, qe luy plerroit ordeiner par estatut, qe si ascune persone ou persones, de qeconqe estat ou condicioun q'ils soient, en temps avenir pursuee ou pursuent, procure ou procurent, pur adnuller, reverser, ou casser ascuns juggementz donez et renduz, ou estatut ou ordenance faite en ceste present parlement, ou serra donez ou renduz durant le dit parlement, q'il soit tenuz pur traitour. Sur quoy nostre seignur le roy, a la request des ditz communes, et de l'assent de touz les seignurs assemblez en cest parlement, ad ordeine et establie, qe si ascun, de quel estat ou condicioun q'il soit, pursue, procure, ou conseille, de repeller, casser, reverser, ou adnuller ascuns des juggementz renduz devers ascunes persones adjuggez en ceste present parlement, ou ascuns estatutz ou ordenances faitz en mesme le parlement, ou ascune parcelle d'icelles, en ascune manere, et ceo duement provee en parlement, q'il soit adjuggez et eit execucioun come traitour au roy et a roialme. (fn. iii-347-76-1) | 20. Also, on 26 September, the said commons prayed of the king that it might please him to ordain by statute that if any person or persons, of whatsoever estate or condition they be, in time to come pursues or pursue, procures or procure, to annul, reverse or cancel any judgments given or rendered, or a statute or ordinance made, in the present parliament, or which shall be given or rendered during the said parliament, that he or they shall be held to be traitors. Whereupon our lord the king, at the request of the said commons, and with the assent of all the lords assembled in this parliament, has ordained and decreed that if anyone, of whatever estate or condition he be, should pursue, procure or counsel to repeal, cancel, reverse or annul any of the judgments rendered against any persons adjudged in the present parliament, or any statutes or ordinances made in the same parliament, or any part of the same in any way, and it be duly proven in parliament, he shall be adjudged and have execution as a traitor of the king and kingdom. (fn. iii-347-76-1) |
| Ordenance [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'Ordenances'] par serementz de tenir les juggementz. [editorial note: The heading in C 65/59 reads 'Ordenances des serementz'.] | Ordinance to uphold the judgments by oaths. |
| 21. Item, nostre seignur le roy, a la request des communes, pur la greindre seuretee ad chargez et comandez, sibien touz les prelates come touz les seignurs temporels, de faire lour serementz sur la fertre de Seint Edward, q'ils bien et loialment tendront, sustendront, et esterront sanz fraude ou male engyn ove touz les estatutz, establissementz, ordenances, et juggementz faitz ou renduz en cest present parlement, sanz jammes aler ou faire a l'encontre de nul d'icelles ou dependences ou parcelle d'icelles, come de souz est escrit en le serement ent fait. | 21. Also, our lord the king, at the request of the commons, for greater security has charged and commanded both all the prelates and all the lords temporal to take their oaths on the shrine of St Edward that they will well and loyally uphold, sustain and support without fraud or ill intent all the statutes, decrees, ordinances and judgments made or rendered in the present parliament, without ever going or acting against any of the same, or dependencies or part of the same, as is written below in the oath made thereon. |
| Item, sur ce le roy, pur la greindre seuretee en temps advenir, ad ordeine et establiz de l'assent de touz l'estatz du parlement, qe le serement de les ditz seignurs soit mys de record en rolle du parlement, et q'il soit enrollez en la chancellerie, si qe les successours de touz les ditz prelatz, sur la faisance de leur foialtee pur leur temporaltees, avant q'ils eient livere d'icelles hors de la chancellerie, facent mesme le serement en tout temps advenir. Et ensement, qe touz les heirs des ditz seignurs temporels en tout temps advenir, a la faisance de leur homage ou foialtee, avant q'ils eient liveree de leur terres hors de la chauncellerie, facent autiel serement. (fn. iii-347-81-1) | Also thereupon, the king, for greater security in time to come, has ordained and decreed with the assent of all the estates of parliament that the oath of the said lords be placed on record in the roll of parliament, and that it be enrolled in the chancery, so that the successors of all the said prelates, on performing their fealty for their temporalities, before they have livery of the same from the chancery, shall take the same oath in all time to come. And likewise that all the heirs of the said lords temporal in all time to come, at the making of their homage or fealty, before they have livery of their lands from the chancery, shall take such an oath. (fn. iii-347-81-1) |
| Et outre ceo, pur la greindre enforcement de mesmes les juggementz, ordenances, et estatutz, le roy comanda qe les ditz prelatz sur ce durroient et ferroient excomengementz et censures de seinte esglise as toutz les contrariantz de les ditz juggementz, ordenances, et estatutz. Quel serement les ditz seignurs espirituels et temporels firent, et les prelatz leur excomengementz [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'excomengement'.] et censures en la forme desus ordeinez, en presence du roy, le dymenge apres le journement du parlement, come piert cy apres. | And further, for the greater enforcement of the same judgments, ordinances and statutes, the king ordered that the said prelates pronounce and make thereon excommunication and censure of holy church upon all contravenors of the said judgments, ordinances and statutes. Which oath the said lords spiritual and temporal, and the prelates their excommunications and censure, made in the form ordained above, in the presence of the king, on the Sunday after the adjournment of parliament [30 September], as appears hereinafter. |
| [col. b] | |
| Touchant les issues de les atteintz. [editorial note: The heading in C 65/59 reads 'Qe issues des convictz ne veignent a parlement.] | Touching the issue of those attainted. |
| 22. Item, nostre seignur le roy, a la requeste des ditz communes, < de l'assent avantdit, > pur la greindre seuretee de luy et son roialme en temps advenir, ad ordeine et establez, qe les issues mals ore engendrez du corps de ceux qi sont adjuggez et atteintz en cest present parlement, ne les issues mals de lour corps a engendreres, jammes ne veignent as parlementz ne conseilles du roy, ne de ses heirs, ne soient du conseil du roy ne de ses heirs. Sauvant toutfoitz, qe les issues femals des ditz forjuggez, et leur issue queux ont autres estraunges piers, ne soient endamagez par cest estatut. (fn. iii-347-86-1) | 22. Also, our lord the king, at the request of the said commons, with the assent aforesaid, for the greater security of him and of his kingdom in time to come, has ordained and decreed that neither the male heirs now engendered of the bodies of those who are adjudged and convicted in the present parliament, nor the male heirs of their body to be engendered, shall ever come to parliaments or councils of the king, nor be of the king's council nor that of his heirs. Saving always that the female issues of the said forjudged, and their issues who have other fathers who are strangers, not be injured by that statute. (fn. iii-347-86-1) |
| Forfaitures des annuitees. | Forfeitures of annuities. |
| 23. Auxint, nostre seignur le roy, de l'assent des seignurs sibien espirituels come temporels, et des communes, en cest present parlement, ad ordeine et establiz qe toutz les annuitees, fees, corrodies, et autres charges queconqes, faitz ou grauntez par ceux, ou ascun de ceux, qi sont ou serront adjuggez traitours en cest present parlement puis le jour de les traisons perpetrez, soient voidez et adnullez, et tenuz pur nul. (fn. iii-347-89-1) | 23. Moreover, our lord the king, with the assent of the lords both spiritual and temporal and of the commons in the present parliament, has ordained and decreed that all the annuities, fees, corrodies and other charges whatsoever made or granted by those or any one of those who are or shall be adjudged traitors in the present parliament since the day of the treasons perpetrated, shall be void and annulled and held at naught. (fn. iii-347-89-1) |
| Collacioun [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'Collaciouns.] des benefices au roy. [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'au roy'.] | Collation of benefices to the king. |
| 24. Auxint, par mesme l'assent ordenez est et establiz, qe nostre dit seignur le roy eit les presentementz, douns, et collacions de touz les benefices, de queux les advoesons feurent as persones atteintz en cest present parlement, de chescune voidance avenuz puis les traisons des ditz persones perpetrez et comencez; forspris de ceux benefices, des queux les possessours ou encumbentz a present ont ratificacioun de nostre dit seignur le roy; les queux possessours nostre dit seignur le roy voet q'ils enjoient lour ditz benefices. Et sauvez aussint, qe ceux qi sont eyns par voie de permutacioun en tieux benefices, q'ils aueront ent ratificacions, s'ils voillent pursuer. (fn. iii-347-92-1) | 24. Also, by the same assent, it was ordained and established that our said lord the king should have the presentation, gift, and collation of all the benefices of which the advowsons belonged to persons convicted in the present parliament, on every vacancy arising since the treasons perpetrated and begun by the said persons; except those benefices of which the possessors or incumbents at present have ratification from our said lord the king, which possessors our said lord the king wills shall enjoy their said benefices. And saving also that those who hold such benefices by way of exchange shall have ratification thereof, if they wish to seek it. (fn. iii-347-92-1) |
| Pur le conte de Sar'. [editorial note: Items 25 and 26 are transposed in C 65/59.] | For the earl of Salisbury. |
| 25. < Johan > de Montagu, cont de Saresbirs, myst avant au roy en parlement une peticioun en la fourme q'ensuit: | 25. John Montague, earl of Salisbury, laid before the king in parliament a petition in the following form: |
| A tresexcellent et tresredoute seignur soveraigne nostre seignur le roy supplie Johan de Montagu, cont de Salisbirs, come le tresnoble roy Edward [III], vostre aiel, par ses lettres patentes dona et granta a William Montagu, nadgairs cont de Saresbirs, aiel a dit Johan, c'estassavoir pere Johan pere du dit suppliant, qi heir il est, et as heirs de son corps issantz, ove clause de garauntie de dit tresnoble roy Edward vostre aiel et ses heirs, le chastel, ville, et manoir, et honour de Dynbegh, et les cantredes de Ros, Reywynok, et Kaermer, et le commote de Dynmael, ove les appurtenances en Gales, come plus pleinement piert par les ditz < lettres > patentes; queux chastel, ville, manoir, et honur, cantredes, et commote, ove les appurtenances, Roger de Mortymer, nadgairs conte de Marche, par noun de la terre de Dynbegh', la terme de la Trinite, l'an du regne le dit tresnoble Edward [III] .xxviij. e , devant William Shareshull' et ses compaignons justices as plees devant le dit tresnoble roy Edward a tenir assignez, vers William Montagu, nadgairs cont de Saresbirs, fitz et heir l'avantdit William, et uncle a dit suppliant, qi heir il est, c'estassavoir fitz Johan frere de dit William l'uncle, par juggement erroigne recoverist, par un brief de scire facias foundu sur un juggement done en parlement tenuz a Westm' le lundy proschein apres le fest de Seint Mark le Evangelist, l'an du regne de dit tresnoble Edward [III] .xxviij. e , (fn. iii-347-95a-1) pur l'avantdit Roger, sur une peticioun par luy exhibit a dit tresnoble roy Edward alors, par noun de Roger de Mortymer de Wyggemore, fitz et heir Esmon Mortymer fitz et heir Roger Mortymer; en quel record et juggement de le dit brief de scire facias errours sont overs. | To the most excellent and most redoubtable lord sovereign our lord the king, John Montague, earl of Salisbury, prays that whereas the most noble King Edward [III], your grandfather, by his letters patent gave and granted to William Montague, late earl of Salisbury, grandfather of the said John, namely the father of John the father of the said supplicant, whose heir he is, and to the heirs issuing from his body, with clause of warranty of the said most noble King Edward [III] your grandfather and his heirs, the castle, town, manor, and honour of Denbigh, and the cantreds of Rhos, Rhufiniog, and Cymeirch, and the commote of Dinmael, with their appurtenances in Wales, as appears more fully in the said letters patent; which castle, town, manor and honour, cantreds and commote, with appurtenances, Roger Mortimer, late earl of March, by name of the land of Denbigh, in Trinity term in the twenty-eighth year of the reign of the said very noble Edward [18 June - 9 July 1354], before William Shareshull and his fellow justices appointed for the pleas to be held before the said most noble King Edward [III], against William Montague, lately earl of Salisbury, son and heir of the aforesaid William, and uncle of the said supplicant, whose heir he is, namely son of John brother of the said William the uncle, by erroneous judgment recovered by a writ of scire facias founded upon a judgment given in the parliament held at Westminster on the Monday next after the feast of St Mark the Evangelist in the twenty-eighth year of the reign of the said most noble Edward [III], (fn. iii-347-95a-1) for the aforesaid Roger, in a petition then exhibited by him to the said most noble King Edward, by the name of Roger Mortimer of Wigmore, son and heir of Edmund Mortimer, son and heir of Roger Mortimer; in which record and judgment of the said writ of scire facias there are overt errors. |
| [p. iii-353] | |
| [col. a] | |
| Qe plese a vous, de vostre graciouse seignurie, qe le dit record pleinement, ove touz les appendantz a ycelle de le dit brief de scire facias, en ceste parlement poet estre vewe et examine si errour soit en ycelle, et de faire garnir Roger de Mortymer, cont de la Marche, cosyn et heir l'avantdit Roger fitz Esmon, et autres qe sont a garnir en ceste partie, d'estre a le proschein parlement devant vous, d'oier les ditz errours, et si eux sachent riens dire pur quoi l'avantdit juggement en le dit brief de scire facias ne serra reverse, et l'avantdit Johan, come cosin et heir a dit William l'uncle, as ditz chastel, ville, manoir, et honur de Dynbegh', les cantredes de Roos, Reywynok, Kaermer, et le comote de Dynmael, ove les appurtenances en Gales, estre restitut, ove les issues et profitz d'yceux venantz en le temps et puis la morte du dit uncle: porce qe le dit William l'uncle morust sanz heir de son corps. Et enoutre faire droit et ley as parties avantditz. | May it please you, of your gracious lordship, that the said record, with all the appendages there to the same from the said writ of scire facias, may be plainly viewed and examined in this parliament to see whether there be error in the same, and to warn Roger Mortimer, earl of March, kinsman and heir of the aforesaid Roger son of Edmund, and others who are to be warned in the matter, to be at the next parliament before you to hear the said errors, and if they have aught to say why the aforesaid judgment in the said writ of scire facias should not be reversed, and the aforesaid John, as kinsman and heir of the said William the uncle, restored to the said castle, town, manor and honour of Denbigh, the cantreds of Rhos, Rhufiniog, Cymeirch, and the commote of Dinmael, with their appurtenances in Wales, with the issues and profits of the same arising in the time and since the death of the said uncle, for that the said William the uncle died without an heir of his body. And also to do right and law to the aforesaid parties. |
| Endossement d'icelle. [editorial note: The heading in C 65/57 reads 'Endocement de ceste peticioun'] | The endorsement of the same. |
| Ceste peticion feust lue du comandement de roy devant luy et les seignurs en parlement, et le record dont ceste peticioun fait mencioun feust portez illoeqes en parlement, et certeins errours feurent ent assignez et alleggez par le < dit > cont de Saresbirs. Et surce le roy, par assent des ditz seignurs, les justices du roy illoeqes presentz, graunta et comanda qe le dit cont eit brief de scire facias sur la matire de ceste peticioun, retournable al proschein parlement, come la dite peticioun faite mencioun. | This petition was read by the king's command before him and the lords in parliament, and the record of which this petition makes mention was brought there to parliament, and certain errors were assigned and alleged by the said earl of Salisbury. And thereupon the king, by the assent of the said lords, the justices of the king being present, granted and commanded that the said earl have a writ of scire facias on the matter of the petition returnable at the next parliament, as the said petition makes mention. |
| [memb. 10] | |
| Declaracioun pur certeins seignours. | A declaration for certain lords. |
| 26. Item, les communes prierent au roy considerer la loialte et innocence des certeins honurables persones qe feurent nomez entre autres en la dite commission faite l'an disme, dont ascuns sont mortz, et ascuns en vie, coment ils soy excuserent au roy nostre seignur de tout assent et procurement et execucioun du dite commissioun. C'estassavoir le duc d'Everwyk, l'evesqe de Wyncestre, et monsire Richard le Scrop', chivaler, q'ore sont en vie; William nadgairs ercevesqe de Cantirbirs, Alisandre nadgairs ercevesqe d'Everwyk, Thomas nadgairs evesqe d'Excestre, et Nichol nadgairs l'abbe de Waltham, qi sont mortz. Et surce declarer et tesmoigner overtement en cest present parlement l'estat, fame, et noun, sibien des ditz duc d'Everwyk, evesqe de Wyncestre, et monsire Richard le Scrop', qi sont en vie; come des ditz ercevesqes, evesqe d'Excestre, et l'abbe, qi sont mortz. Dont nostre seignur le roy seant en sa roiale dignite en parlement, tesmoigna et declara overtement les loialte et innocence sibien des ditz duc d'Everwyk, evesqe de Wyncestre, et monsire Richard le Scrop', come des ditz ercevesqes, evesqe d'Excestre, et l'abbe, et leur noun et fame, et les tient pleinement excusez de l'execucioun et l'use de la dite commission, et de tout la male purpose et entent d'icelle. Et voet et grante q'ils soient pur tiels loialx liges tenuz et reputez come ceux qe se ont bien et loialment portez a nostre seignur le roy en leur ligeance et loialte de tout temps, et qe pur tielx loialx lieges ils soient conuz, tenuz, reputez, et publiez parmy le roialme, sanz estre empeschez, molestez, ou grevez par cause de la dite commission, ou pur aucun procurement, assent, excercice, execucion, ou use, ou ascun autre matere ou occasion d'icelle, en ascun temps advenir. Et < outre > [editorial note: This word is also interlined in C 65/59.] ceo, le roy de l'assent et advis de touz les seignurs esteantz en parlement, a la priere des ditz communes ad ordegnez et establiz, qe les ditz declaracioun et grante eient et portent force et vertue de estatut, et pur estatut < soient > [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'soient'.] tenuz. | 26. Also, the commons prayed of the king that he consider the loyalty and innocence of certain honourable persons who had been named amongst others in the said commission made in the tenth year [1386], of whom some were dead and some alive, that they might excuse themselves to the king our lord of all assent and procurement and execution of the said commission - namely the duke of York, the bishop of Winchester, and Sir Richard le Scrope, knight, who are still alive; William late archbishop of Canterbury, Alexander late archbishop of York, Thomas late bishop of Exeter, and Nicholas late abbot of Waltham, who are dead - and thereupon declare and testify openly in the present parliament to the estate, reputation, and name as well of the said duke of York, bishop of Winchester, and Sir Richard le Scrope, who are alive, as of the archbishops, the bishop of Exeter, and the abbot, who are dead. Whereupon our lord the king, seated in his royal dignity in parliament, attested to and declared openly the loyalty and innocence as well of the said duke of York, the bishop of Winchester, and Sir Richard le Scrope, as of the said archbishops, the bishop of Exeter, and the abbot, and their name and reputation, and he held them wholly excused of the execution and exercise of the said commission, and all the evil purpose and intent of the same. And he wills and grants that they shall be held and considered to be such loyal lieges as those who have at all times borne themselves well and loyally towards our lord the king in their allegiance and loyalty, and that they shall be known, held, reputed, and proclaimed as such loyal lieges throughout the realm, without being impeached, molested, or harmed because of the said commission, or for any procurement, assent, exercise, execution, or use, or any other matter or occasion of the same, at any time to come. And further, the king with the assent and advice of all the lords being in parliament, at the prayer of the said commons, ordained and decreed that the said declaration and grant should have and carry the force and effect of a statute and be held a statute. |
| Declaracioun pur les contes de Derby et [editorial note: C 65/57 and 59 insert 'de'.] Notyngham. | A declaration for the earls of Derby and Nottingham. |
| 27. Item, le samady proschein ensuant, les ditz communes reherceantz, coment nostre seignur le roy graciousement considerant qe certeins grantes persones nomez [col. b] en la dite commission, faite le dit an disme, feurent innocentz de malice, et par tant le roy les ad escusez, et tesmoignez leur bone fame et port devers le roy en cel cas; si ont purce les ditz communes priez humblement a nostre seignur le roy, qe luy plerroit considerer coment, a temps qe Thomas duc de Gloucestre, Richard conte d'Arundell', et Thomas cont de Warr', soy leverent et chivacherent encontre leur ligeance et le roy nostre seignur, les ditz duc et contes vorroient avoir venuz et chivachez pur avoir serchez nostre seignur le roy ou q'il purroit estre trovez deinz le roialme, et pur avoir tuez tresgrant nombre des liges du roy, et pur avoir accompliz leur malveis purpos et entent, s'ils n'ent feurent destourbez par les honurables persones du sanc nostre seignur le roy, Henry de Lancastre conte de Derby, et Thomas de Moubray conte de Notyngham; conceivantz et entendantz qe le fait des ditz duc, et contes d'Arundell' et Warr', estoit notoirement encontre leur ligeance et l'estat nostre seignur le roy. Et surce, les ditz contes de Derby et [editorial note: C 65/57 adds 'de'.] Notyngham veulantz faire leur duete a leur seignur lige, soy departirent de la dite compaignie des ditz duc, et contes d'Arundell' et Warr', et viendrent a la honurable presence de nostre seignur le roy. Et purce qe honur au roy en est de chericer les bones et dignes persones solonc leur merit et decert, il plerroit au nostre seignur le roy avoir pur recomandez especialment les persones des ditz contes de Derby et Notyngham, et overtement declarer en cest present parlement leur estat, et le noun et le fame, et le loial port de eux. | 27. Also, on the following Saturday [29 September], the said commons, rehearsing how our lord the king, graciously considering that certain great persons named [col. b] in the said commission made in the said tenth year [1386], were innocent of malice, wherefore the king has excused them, and testified to their good repute and bearing towards the king in that matter; so therefore have the said commons prayed humbly of our lord the king that it might please him to consider that, at the time when Thomas duke of Gloucester, Richard earl of Arundel and Thomas earl of Warwick rose up and rode against their allegiance and the king our lord, the said duke and earls would have come and ridden to find our lord the king wherever he might have been found in the realm, and would have killed a very great number of the king's lieges, and accomplished their evil purpose and intent, had they not been prevented by the honourable persons of the blood of our lord the king, Henry of Lancaster earl of Derby and Thomas Mowbray earl of Nottingham, because of their belief and conviction that the actions of the said duke and the earls of Arundel and Warwick were notoriously contrary to their allegiance and the estate of our lord the king. Whereupon the said earls of Derby and Nottingham, wishing to do their duty to their liege lord, withdrew from the said company of the said duke and the earls of Arundel and Warwick, and came into the honourable presence of our lord the king. And because there is honour to the king in cherishing good and worthy people according to their merit and desert, might it please our lord the king especially to commend the persons of the said earls of Derby and Nottingham, and to declare openly in the present parliament their estate, name and repute, and their loyal bearing. |
| Sur quoy nostre seignur le roy, seant en sa roiale dignite en parlement, respondist et dist qe ceste matier estoit meulz conuz a luy qe a nul autre, et tesmoigna, declara, et recorda le bon port, loialte, et bon fame pur les ditz contes de Derby et Notyngham; et qe bien est conue a nostre seignur le roy, qe les ditz contes de Derby et Notyngham firent loialment leur devoir a roy, et viendrent a luy come loialx liges hors de la compaignie des ditz duc, et contes d'Arundell' et Warr', et puis ont demurrez ovek nostre seignur le roy, et soy ont bien et loialment portez come loialx lieges, et pur tielx < loialx > [editorial note: This word is also interlined in C 65/59.] liges il les tient. Et voet et grante, qe sibien eux, come ceux qi feurent en leur compaignie, a temps qe les ditz duc et contes d'Arundell' et Warr' ensi chivacherent, et leur fame, noun, et honur, soient pur tielx loialx liges conuz, tenuz, et publiez entre touz ses liges par my le roialme; et q'ils soient tout outrement ent escusez, sanz estre empeschez, molestez, ou grevez par la cause susdite en ascun temps avenir. Et outre ce, nostre seignur le roy, de l'assent et advis de touz les seignurs du parlement, et a la priere des ditz communes, ad ordenez et establiz, qe cestes declaracioun et grante eient et portent force et vertue d'estatut, et soient pur estatutz tenuz. | Whereupon our lord the king, seated in his royal dignity in parliament, replied and said that this matter was known to him better than to any other, and he attested to, declared, and recorded the good bearing, loyalty and good repute of the said earls of Derby and Nottingham; and that it was well known to our lord the king that the said earls of Derby and Nottingham were loyal in their duty to the king, and had come to him as loyal lieges away from the company of the said duke and the earls of Arundel and Warwick, and had remained with our lord the king since, and had borne themselves well and loyally like loyal lieges; and loyal lieges he considered them. And he willed and granted both for them and for those who were in their company at the time when the said duke and the earls of Arundel and Warwick thus rode, that their repute, name and honour should be known, held, and proclaimed as such loyal lieges amongst all his lieges throughout the realm; and that they be altogether excused thereof, without being impeached, molested or injured for the aforesaid reason in any time to come. And further, our lord the king, with the assent and advice of all the lords of parliament, and at the prayer of the said commons, has ordained and decreed that this declaration and grant should have and carry the force and effect of a statute, and be held as a statute. |
| Principalte de Cestre par estatut. | Chester a principality by statute. |
| 28. Fait a remembrer qe le marsdy, le .ix. jour du parlement, nostre seignur le roy, pur la grante chierte et affeccioun q'il ad < a > le conte de Cestre, et les gentz d'icelle, et par tant qe le roy mesmes, devant q'il prist la haute dignite du roy, et son honurable pere devant luy, et autres ses nobles progenitours, ont este contes du dit contee de Cestre; et pur le greindre honur de son eisnez filz, si Dieu le doigne, et des autres ses heirs q'aueront mesme la seignurie en apres, del assent et accord de touz les seignurs espirituels et temporels, a la priere des ditz communes, ad ordenez, grantez, et establiz, pur luy et ses heirs, qe le dit countee de Cestre soit principaltee de Cestre, et desore enavant nomez et tenuz la principaltee de Cestre, ovek touz les libertees et franchises ent eues et usez, et [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'et'.] en mesme la manere come il ad este pardevant quant il estoit nomez contee de Cestre, a touz jours. Et outre ce, nostre dit seignur le roy, de sa certeine science, et de l'assent et accord avantditz et pur l'encresce et honur de l'estat des [p. iii-354][col. a] princes qe serront illoeqes, et pur ease, concorde, et tranquillite de ses liges du dit principalitee, et des contees de Flynt et Salop', et des seignuries qe sont adgisantz a ycelles, ad grantez, ordenez, et establiz qe le chastel Lyons, ove le seignurie de Bromfeld et Yale a dit chastel regardantz, le chastel de Chirk ove le seignurie de Chirkeslond a dit chastel regardant, le chastel de Oswaldestre ove la ville bien murre de pere, et le hundrede et unze villes a dit chastel regardantz, le chastel Isabelle ove la seignurie a ycelle regardant, et le chastel de Dalyley ove les appurtenances, en le dit contee de Salop', et la reversioun de la seignurie de Clone, ove touz leur appurtenances, quele Edward conte de Rotel' tient a terme de sa vie; touz les queux chastelx, seignuries et villes susditz feurent a Richard nadgairs conte d'Arundell', et les queux, par force del juggement renduz devers le dit cont en cest present parlement sont a nostre seignur le roy forfaitz, soient desore enavant annexez, uniz, et encorporez, a la dite principaltee de Cestre, < et > demurgent et remaynent entierment a mesme la principaltee, come parcelle et membre d'icelle a touz jours, sanz estre donez, venduz, alienz, disseverez, ou departiz de la dite principalte a nully par aucune voie, en temps avenir. | 28. Be it remembered that on Tuesday, the ninth day of parliament [25 September], our lord the king, for the great love and affection he had for the county of Chester and the people of the same, and because the king himself, before he took on the high dignity of king, and his honourable father before him, and others of his noble progenitors, had been earls of the said Chester; and for the greater honour of his eldest son, if God grant it, and of his other heirs who will have the same lordship in future, with the assent and agreement of all the lords spiritual and temporal, at the prayer of the said commons, has ordained, granted, and decreed for him and his heirs that the said Cheshire shall be the principality of Chester, and henceforth be named and known as the principality of Chester, with all the liberties and franchises had and used therein, in the same manner as it had been heretofor when it was named the county of Chester, for ever. Moreover, our said lord the king, of his certain knowledge, and with the assent and accord aforesaid, and for the increase and honour of the estate of [p. iii-354][col. a] princes who shall be there, and for the ease, concord and tranquillity of his lieges of the said principality and of the counties of Flintshire and Shropshire, and of the lordships which are adjacent to the same, has granted, ordained and decreed that the castle of Lyons, with the lordship of Bromfield and Yale pertaining to the said castle, the castle of Chirk with the lordship of Chirkland pertaining to the said castle, the castle of Oswestry with the town well-walled in stone and the hundred and eleven towns pertaining to the said castle, the castle of Isabel with the lordship pertaining to the same, and the castle of Daliley with appurtenances, in the said Shropshire, and the reversion and the lordship of Clun, with all their appurtenances, which Edward earl of Rutland holds for the term of his life - all of which castles, lordships, and towns aforesaid belonged to Richard formerly earl of Arundel, and which, by force of the judgment rendered against the said earl in the present parliament, are forfeit to our lord the king - shall be henceforth annexed and joined to and incorporated into the said principality of Chester, and stay and remain wholly with the same principality as parcel and member of the same forever, never to be given, sold, alienated, severed, nor detached from the said principality to anyone, by any means, in time to come. |
| Et qe nulle doun ne grante en ascun temps avenir ne serra faite del dite principaltee, ne des chastelx, seignuries, et villes susditz, a nully fors soulement al eisne fitz du roy, qe serra prince illoeqes si plerra au roy affaire: et qe celluy eisne filz qe auera la dite principaltee, auera ensement touz les ditz chastelx, seignuries, et villes, come uniz et annexez a mesme la principaltee, sanz estre disseverez ou departiz d'icelle en ascun temps avenir; issint qe les receantz, terretenantz, et touz les enhabitantz deinz les ditz chastelx, seignuries, et villes, eient, usent, et enjoient touz leur ancienes loies, droitures, et custumes illoeqes d'ancien temps resonablement eues et usez. Sauvez et reservez au roy sa regalie, libertee et franchise, et les droitz de sa corone. Purveu auxi tout foiz, qe la dite principaltee, et les seignuries susditz, eient et enjoient mesmes les loies, libertees, et custumes, usages, droitz, et franchises ancienement en ycelles resonablement eues et usez, auxi pleinement et entierment come estoit eue et use devant le comencement de cest present parlement, le noun de contee de Cestre changez en noun de principaltee de Cestre, et l'annexioun et unioun des ditz chastelx, seignuries, et villes a ycelle nientcontreesteant. (fn. iii-347-110-1) | And that no gift or grant shall in any time to come be made of the said principality, nor of the castles, lordships, and towns aforesaid, to anyone except the elder son of the king, who shall be prince there if it shall please the king; and that that elder son who shall have the said principality shall likewise have all the said castles, lordships and towns as joined and annexed to the same principality, without being severed or detached from the same at any time to come; so that the residents, tenants and all the inhabitants of the said castles, lordships and towns shall have, use and enjoy all their ancient laws, rights, and customs there reasonably had and practised there from ancient times; saving and reserving to the king his regality, liberty, and franchise, and the rights of his crown. Provided always that the said principality and the lordships aforesaid shall have and enjoy the same laws, liberties and customs, usages, rights and franchises reasonably had and used in the same since ancient times, as fully and wholly as they had and used them before the beginning of this parliament, notwithstanding the name of the county of Chester having changed to the principality of Cheshire, and the annexing and union of the said castles, lordships, and towns to the same. (fn. iii-347-110-1) |
| Touchant sergeantz d'armes. | Concerning serjeants-at-arms. |
| 29. Item, mesme le marsdy, les communes prierent a nostre seignur le roy considerer, coment devant ces heures ordeinez feust, qe ceux qe serroient mys en l'offices de sergeantz d'armes serroient esluz des bones, vaillantz, et sufficeantz persones, et tielx qe voillent faire duement et honestement leur office, et a certein nombre. Et ore purce qe grant clamour est en diverses paiis, q'il est nombre excessive de tiels sergeantz, et q'ils ne font ne sceivent faire leur offices come ils deivent, ne ne sont mye persones hables ne vaillantz a tiel estat et degree, ne pur l'onur nostre seignur le roy, einz font oppressions et excesses entre le poeple par colour de leur office [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'offices'.] ; et q'il plerroit a nostre seignur le roy estre enfourmez del nombre et del estat des ditz sergeantz: et surce ordenir de eux, ou d'autres, tiels qe sont hables persones et sufficeantz pur occuper les ditz offices, pur l'onur de roy, et quiete de poeple. Et purce q'il semble au roy qe leur peticioun est bone et juste, pur honur de luy voet et grante, qe sufficeantz persones serront mys et ordenez en les ditz offices, et a resonable nombre, come il est ordenez par estatut. (fn. iii-347-113-1) | 29. Also, on the same Tuesday [25 September], the commons prayed of our lord the king to consider how in the past it was ordained that those appointed to the office of serjeant-at-arms would be chosen from amongst good, worthy and sufficient persons, and such as would perform their office duly and honestly, and to a certain number. And now there is a great unrest in divers counties over the excessive number of such serjeants, and because they neither perform nor know how to perform their duties as they ought, and neither are they persons able or worthy of such estate and degree, nor for the honour of our lord the king, but they commit oppressions and excesses amongst the people by colour of their office; and that it might please our lord the king to be informed of the number and estate of the said serjeants, and then to appoint them or others who are persons able and sufficient to occupy the said offices, for the honour of the king and the quiet of the people. And because it seemed to the king that their petition was good and just, for his own honour he willed and granted that sufficient persons be appointed and ordained in the said offices, to a reasonable number, as was ordained by statute. (fn. iii-347-113-1) |
| Le viscontee < de Wircestre. > | The sheriff of Worcester. |
| 30. Item, a la request des communes, et de l'assent des seignurs espirituels et temporels susditz, ordenez est et establiz, qe les chastel et visconte de Wircestre, [col. b] queles Thomas nadgairs cont de Warr' tenoit en fee, et les queux, par force del juggement renduz encontre le dit cont en cest present parlement, sont seisez en la maine du roy come forfaitz, ovek tournes, hundredes, rentz, salines < et [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'et'.] bulleries d'ewe salee, > [editorial note: The words 'bulleries d'ewe salee' are also interlined in C 65/59.] sibien en Wircestre et en le Wyche, come aillours, et touz autres profitz et choses as ditz chastel et viscontee < appurtenantz et > [editorial note: These words are also interlined in C 65/59.] regardantz en ascune manere ou colour, auxi pleinement et entierment come le dit cont les avoit devaunt la dite forfaiture, soient, demurgent, et remaynent a nostre seignur le roy et ses heirs a touz jours, sanz estre donez ou grauntez a nully, ou estre disseverez de sa corone en ascun temps avenir. (fn. iii-347-116-1) | 30. Also, at the request of the commons, and with the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal aforesaid, it was ordained and decreed that the castle and shrievalty of Worcester - [col. b] which Thomas late earl of Warwick held in fee, and which, by force of the judgment rendered against the said earl in the present parliament, were taken into the king's hands as forfeit, with tourns, hundreds, rents, salt-pans, and pans for boiling salt water, as well in Worcester and in the Wyche, as elsewhere, and all other profits and things attached and pertaining to the said castle and shrievalty in any manner or colour, as fully and wholly as the said earl had them before the said forfeiture - should be, stay and remain with our lord the king and his heirs forever, without being given nor granted to anyone, nor to be severed from his crown at any time in the future. (fn. iii-347-116-1) |
| Le viscontee d'Essex. | The shrievalty of Essex. |
| 31. Item, en mesme le manere qe touz lez hundredes, tournes, courtes, libertees, et franchises queux Thomas nadgairs duc de Gloucestre tenoit et avoit en le countee d'Essex' del doun et grant nostre seignur le roy et del roy Edward son aiel, les queux feurent d'ancien temps annexez et jointz al viscontee d'Essex' come parcelle d'icelle, et queux ore par la forfaiture de le dit duc sont en la maine du roy come forfaitz, soient, demurgent, et remaynent a nostre seignur le roy et ses heirs rejointz, annexez, et uniz a le dit viscontee d'Essex', come parcelle d'icelle a touz jours, sanz estre donez ou grantez a nully, ou estre disseverez ou departiz de mesme le viscontee en ascun temps avenir. (fn. iii-347-119-1) | 31. Also, in the same manner, that all the hundreds, tourns, courts, liberties and franchises which Thomas late duke of Gloucester held and had in Essex by gift and grant of our lord the king and of King Edward [III] his grandfather, which had since ancient times been attached and joined to the shrievalty of Essex as parcel of the same, and which now by the forfeiture of the said duke are in the king's hands as forfeit, shall be, stay and remain with our lord the king and his heirs, rejoined, annexed and united with the said shrievalty of Essex, as parcel of the same forever, without being given nor granted to anyone, nor being severed nor detached from the same shrievalty at any time to come. (fn. iii-347-119-1) |
| Estatut. | A statute. |
| 32. Auxint, nostre seignur le roy, par l'assent susdit ad ordenez et establiz, qe toutz les juggementz, ordenances, declarations, et establissementz faitz en cest present parlement, soient tenuz et declarez pur estatutz, et teignent force et vigour d'estatut en touz pointz. | 32. Also, our lord the king, by the aforesaid assent, has ordained and decreed that all the judgments, ordinances, declarations and decrees made in the present parliament be held and declared as statutes, and maintain the force and vigour of a statute in all points. |
| [memb. 9] | |
| Le pount de Rouchestre. | Rochester bridge. |
| 33. Item, mesme le jour, les communes monstrerent au roy, coment l'auncien pount de Rouchestre estoit nadgairs faitz de maresme, et esteant en autre lieu q'il est a present, a quel pount reparir et sustenir certeins pluseurs gentz del countee de Kent feurent tenuz; et ore le dit pount est fait de novel de piere, et en un melliour et plus seure lieu q'il estoit devant. Dont les dites communes prierent, qe touz les ditz gentz qi feurent tenuz ou devoient ascun rent, custumes, prestacioun, ou autre duetee a la reparacioun et sustentacioun de le dit auncien pount, soient tenuz de faire, rendre, et paier touz ceux rentz, custumes, prestacions, et duetes al reparacioun et sustentacioun del dit novel pount auxi avant et en mesme la manere come ils, leur auncestres, ou ceux queux estat ils ount, feurent tenuz affaire a la reparacioun et sustentacioun del auncien pount avantdit; nientcontreesteant la remoement et la novel feisure del dit novel pount. Quele prier semble au roy juste et resonable, et ad ottroie a la priere avantdite. | 33. Also, on the same day [25 September], the commons showed to the king that the ancient bridge of Rochester was originally made of timber, and was in a different place from where it was now, which bridge certain men of Kent had been obliged to repair and maintain; yet now the said bridge has been newly built in stone, and in a better and more secure spot than previously. Wherefor the said commons pray that all the said men who were obliged in or owed any rent, customs, prestation or other duty for the repair and maintenance of the said ancient bridge should be bound to make, render and pay all those rents, customs, prestations and duties for the repair and maintenance of the said new bridge as well and in the same manner as they, their ancestors, or those whose estate they have were bound to do for the repair and maintenance of the ancient bridge aforesaid; notwithstanding the removal and rebuilding of the said new bridge. The which prayer seemed to the king just and reasonable, and he granted it at the aforesaid request. |
| Pur la marche d'Escoce. | Concerning the march of Scotland. |
| 34. Item, mesme le jour, les communes prierent au roy pur faire ordenance et remede pur la marche d'Escoce, de ceo qe l'Escotz font de jour en autre outrages, excesses, et chivachees, et praies et destruction du poeple encontre le trevees. Sur quoy le roy ad responduz, q'il ad envoiez certeins gentz d'estre apris et enformez de la matiere, et sur leur relacion il voet ordenir et faire, par advis de son conseil, due remedie et ceo qe serra le meulx, par la grace de Dieu, pur la sauvacioun et seuretee de la dite marche, et de ses liges illoeqes. | 34. Also, on the same day [25 September], the commons prayed of the king that he might provide an ordinance and remedy for the march of Scotland, forasmuch as the Scots from one day to the next commit outrages, excesses, raids, pillage and destruction of the people against the truce. Concerning which the king answered that he had sent certain persons to become apprised and informed of the matter, and upon their report he would ordain and make, by the advice of his council, due remedy and that which would seem best to him, by the grace of God, for the salvation and security of the said march and his lieges there. |
| [p. iii-355] | |
| [col. a] | |
| Prefeccion des ducs. [editorial note: C 65/59 adds 'et contes'.] | The appointment of dukes. |
| 35. Item, mesme le samady, en le fest de Seint Michel, en mesme le parlement le roy fist pronuncier et monstrer overtement en parlement, q'il voet qe certeins honurables persones de son roialme soient honurez et enhancez, et changez a greindre honur et estat: c'estassavoir, ascuns qi sont contees a l'estat et degree de ducs, et un conte a l'estat de marquys, et certeins autres qi sont barons et banerettes a l'estat et degree des contes; et ce pur trois choses. Primerement, pur ce qe la greindre supportacion de chescun roialme en est des dignes persones d'estat et de honur deinz le roialme, qi purront enforcer et fortifier le septre du roy. Secondement, pur ceo qe mesmes les persones sont cosyns au roy, et de son sank propre, le quel chescun roy est tenuz de honurer et enhancer a dignitee < et > haut estat devant autres. Tiercement, pur ce [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'pur ce'.] qe mesmes les persones ont fait grant honur au roialme en diverses journees et travailx d'outre meer en pleuseurs lieux, et moement pur les grantz travaulx et perils de leur corps en queux ils se mistrent, et les deligences et costages q'ils ont faitz a ceste foiz pur l'onour et sauvacion du roy, et pur luy mettre en son estat, [editorial note: C 65/59 adds 'et'.] dignitee et seuretee de sa persone: dont reson et chose naturele en est, qe chescun bienfait soit duement recompensez. Par quoy le roy seant en parlement coronez en sa roiale mageste, teignant en maine la verge roiale, ad fait et creez son cosin sire Henry de Lancastre cont de Derby en duc, et luy ad donez le noun et le stile de duc de Hereford, a avoir et tenir a luy et ses heirs mals de son corps engendrez. Et sur ce bailla a luy sa chartre roiale de la dite creacioun, quele feust lue en parlement. Et le roy surce ceynta le dit duc ovek une espee, et mist sur soun chief un cape de honur et dignite de duc, et prist son homage en la manere acustumee devant ces heures. | 35. Also, on the same Saturday, the feast of Michaelmas [29 September], in the same parliament, the king caused it to be proclaimed and openly announced that he willed that certain honourable persons of his kingdom should be honoured and promoted and translated to greater honour and estate: namely, some who were earls to the estate and degree of dukes, and one earl to the estate of marquis, and certain others who were barons and bannerets to the estate and degree of earls; and that for three reasons. Firstly, because the great strength of every kingdom is in its worthy persons of estate and honour within the realm, who can reinforce and strengthen the royal sceptre. Secondly, because the same persons are kinsmen of the king, and of his own blood, whom every king is obliged to honour and promote to dignity and high estate before all others. Thirdly, because the same persons have brought great honour to the kingdom on various expeditions and labours overseas in many places, and especially for their great labours and the bodily peril in which they have placed themselves, and the effort and expense they have undergone at this time for the honour and salvation of the king, and to keep him in his estate, dignity and security of his person: and so it is only reasonable and natural that every good deed should be duly rewarded. Wherefor the king, seated in parliament crowned in his royal majesty, holding the royal staff in his hand, appointed and created his kinsman Sir Henry of Lancaster earl of Derby, and gave him the name and title of duke of Hereford, to have and to hold to him and the male heirs engendered of his body. And thereupon, he presented to him his royal charter of the said creation, which was read in parliament. And then the king girded the said duke with a sword, and placed upon his head a cap of the honour and dignity of duke, and took his homage in the manner customary in the past. |
| Ajournement de parlement a Salop'. | The adjournment of the parliament to Shrewsbury. |
| 36. Item, mesme le jour de samady, le roy considerant certeins grantez cases et matirs meuz et pendantz en cest present parlement qe ne purront bonement [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'bonement purront'.] estre terminez a ceste foiz, et pur autres evidentes et resonables causes luy moevantz, si ad ajournez cest parlement de cest present jour de samady, et de cest lieu de Westm', tanqe al quinzisme de Seint Hiller proschein avenir, a Salop', ovek touz l'estates et degrees de parlement come ils sont en cest lieu de Westm' a present, pur estre tenuz, finiz et terminez [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'finiz et terminez'.] al dit lieu de Salop' en le melliour manere qe plerra a Dieu. Et sur ceo ad donez as seignours et communes congie de [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'de'.] departir a cest foiz. | 36. Also, on the same Saturday [29 September], the king, considering certain weighty causes and matters moved and pending in the present parliament which could not well be decided at that time, and for other evident and reasonable causes influencing him, adjourned the parliament from the present day of Saturday, and from this place of Westminster, until the quindene of St Hilary next coming [27 January 1398], to Shrewsbury, with all the estates and degrees of parliament as they are in that place of Westminster at present, to be held, finished and completed at the said place of Shrewsbury in the manner most pleasing to God. And thereupon he has given the lords and commons permission to leave on this occasion. |
Coment les seignours firent leur serementz.
|
How the lords made their oaths.
|
37. Item, fait a remembrer,
<
qe
>
sur la requeste des ditz communes fait au roy en parlement le
<
dit
>
[editorial note: This word is also interlined in C 65/59.]
.xxvi. jour de Septembre, touchant le serementz des seignurs espirituels et temporels affaire devant
<
la
>
fertre de Seint Edward, pur tenir et sustenir touz les estatutz, establissementz, ordenances, et juggementz faitz
<
ou renduz
>
en le dit parlement, come compris est desus, le dymenge en le fest de Seint Jerom, apres la messe celebre en l'esglise de l'abbeie de Westm', les seignurs espirituels et temporels viendrent devant le fertre de Seint Edward, en l'onurable presence de nostre seignur le roy; c'estassavoir:
|
37. Also, be it remembered that at the request of the said commons made to the king on the said 26 September touching the oaths of the lords spiritual and temporal to be made before the shrine of St Edward, to uphold and keep all the statutes, decrees, ordinances and judgments made or rendered in the said parliament, as mentioned above, on the Sunday on the feast of St Jerome [30 September], after mass celebrated in the church of the abbey of Westminster, the lords spiritual and temporal came before the shrine of St Edward into the honourable presence of our lord the king, namely:
|
| This list follows a different order in C 65/59. | |
| Et iloeqes touz les ditz prelatz severalment sur l'autre del dit fertre de Seint Edward, firent lour serementz solonc la fourme contenue en une cedule illoeqes lue devant eux, en quantqe a eux appent; sauvant l'oneste de leur estat; de quele serement la forme s'ensuit. | And there all the said prelates individually on the altar of the said shrine of St Edward made their oaths according to the form contained in a schedule read before them, as far as it pertained to them; saving the honesty of their estate; the form of which oath follows. |
| 38. Vous jurrez, qe bien et loialment tendrez, sustendrez et esterrez sanz fraude ou mal engyn, ove touz les estatutz, establissementz, ordenances, et juggementz faitz ou renduz [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'ou renduz'.] en cest present parlement, sanz jammays aler ou faire a l'encontre de nulle d'icelle, ou dependantz ou parcelle d'icelle; ne qe jammays vous les repellerez, revokerez, casseretz, irriterez, reverserez, ne adnullerez, ne jammays soeffrez repeller, revoker, casser, irriter, reverser, ne adnuller, a vivre et murer. Sauvant a roy sa regalie et liberte, et le droit de sa corone. | 38. You shall swear to uphold, sustain and further well and loyally, and without fraud or evil design, all the statutes, decrees, ordinances and judgments made or rendered in the present parliament, without ever going or acting against any of the same, or any dependency or parcel of the same; nor shall you ever repeal, revoke, cancel, invalidate, reverse or annul them, nor ever allow them to be repealed, revoked, cancelled, invalidated, reversed or annulled, as you live and die. Saving to the king his regality and liberty and the right of his crown. |
| [p. iii-356] | |
| [col. a] | |
39. Et surce meintenant les seignurs temporels en mesme le lieu, en presence du roy, c'estassavoir:
|
39. And soon after the lords temporal, in the same place, in the king's presence, namely -
|
| This list follows a different order in C 65/59. | |
| A heading in C 65/59 reads 'Le tenure des serementz faitz par les seignurs temporels'. There are no headings in C 65/57 or 58. | |
| Sur mesme l'autier firent leur serementz expressement solonc la fourme d'une cedule illoeqes lue devant eux, de quele serement la forme [editorial note: C 65/57 substitutes 'tenure' for 'forme'.] s'ensuit: | - on the same altar made their oaths expressly according to the form of a schedule read there before them, the form of which oath follows: |
| 40. Vous jurrez qe bien et loialment tendrez, sustendrez, et esterrez sanz fraude ou male engyn, ove touz l'estatutz, establissementz, ordenances, et juggementz faitz ou renduz en cest present parlement, sanz jammays [col. b] aler ou faire a l'encountre de nulle d'icelle, ou dependantz ou parcelle d'icelle; ne qe jammays vous les repellerez, revokerez, casserez, irriterez, reverserez, ne adnullerez, ne jammays soeffrez repeller, revoker, casser, irriter, reverser, ne adnuller, a vivre et murrer. | 40. You shall swear to uphold, sustain and further, well and loyally, without fraud or evil design, all the statutes, decrees, ordinances and judgments made or rendered in the present parliament, without ever [col. b] going or acting against any of the same, or any dependency or parcel of the same; nor shall you ever repeal, revoke, cancel, invalidate, reverse nor annul them, nor ever allow them to be repealed, revoked, cancelled, invalidated, reversed nor annulled, as you live and die. |
| Vous jurrez qe jammays en temps avenir vous ne soeffrez nully vivant aler ne faire a l'encontre de nul des estatutz, establissementz, ordenances, et juggementz faitz ou renduz en cest present parlement, ne a nulle dependantz ou parcelle d'icelle. Et si nully le face, et de ceo soit duement convict, vous ferrez vostre entier poair et diligence sanz fraude ou mal engyn, et pursuerez devers nostre seignur le roy et ses heirs roys d'Engleterre, de luy faire avoir execucion come haut et faux traitour a roy et au roialme. Sauvant a roy sa regalie et liberte, et la droit de sa corone. | You shall swear that at no time in the future will you allow any living person to go or act against any of the statutes, decrees, ordinances and judgments made or rendered in the present parliament, nor against any dependency or parcel of the same. And if any should do so and be duly convicted thereof, you shall do your utmost without fraud or evil design to sue towards our lord the king and his heirs the kings of England, to cause him to suffer execution as a high and false traitor to the king and kingdom. Saving to the king his regality and liberty and the right of his crown. |
| 41. Et outre, les chivalers de les contes d'Engleterre, qi feurent presentz illoeqes pur le parlement, feurent demandez par le roy, s'ils vorroient tenir mesme le serement. Les queles chivalers meintenant promistrent, ovek hautes voices ensemble, de tenir mesme le serement, adressantz touz ensemble leur maines destres en signe de affirmance de leur serementz susditz. | 41. And further, the knights of the shires of England who were present there for the parliament were asked by the king if they would uphold the same oath. The which knights at once promised, aloud and in unison, to uphold the same oath, all raising their hands together as a sign of affirmation of their aforesaid oaths. |
| 42. Et inmediate apres, monsire Thomas de Percy, eiant pleine poair et auctoritee generale commys a luy par les prelatz et clergie de le roialme d'Engleterre, come piert dessus de record en cest present parlement, fist mesme le serement ensi fait par les ditz seignurs temporels, pur et en noun del dit clergie, par l'auctorite et poair susditz. | 42. And immediately afterwards, Sir Thomas Percy, having full power and general authority committed to him by the prelates and clergy of the kingdom of England, as appears above in the record of this parliament, made the same oath thus made by the said lords temporal, for and in the name of the said clergy, by the authority and power aforesaid. |
| Item, sur ce nostre seignur le roy, et les prelatz et seignurs temporels susditz departirent del dit fertre, et viendrent devant le haut auter del dite esglise, et illoeqes pur la roboracioun, establissement, et affermance de les choses suisditz, les ditz prelatz, ordinairs de les ditz provinces de Cantirbirs et Everwyk, ovek un assent establisserent come apres s'ensuit: | Also, thereupon our lord the king and the prelates and lords temporal aforesaid left the said shrine, and came before the high altar of the said church, and there in corroboration, establishment and confirmation of the aforesaid things, the said prelates, ordinaries of the said provinces of Canterbury and York, with one accord decreed as follows: |
| 43. Nos prelati, ordinarii Cantuar' et Ebor' provinciarum, statuimus et ordinaminus [sic: read 'ordinamus'] , monemusque, requirimus, et hortamur, quod predicta omnia et singula per singulos Cantuar' et Ebor' provinciarum subditos inviolabiliter observentur. Et si quis, < quod > absit, contra premissa seu eorum aliquod contraveniret, expresse vel occulte, facto, auxilio, consilio, vel favore, ipso facto majoris excommunicacionis sentencia sit involutus; domini nostri regis regalia, et ejus prerogativa, in omnibus semper salvis. | 43. We, the prelates, ordinaries of the provinces of Canterbury and York, do decree and ordain, advise, require and exhort that each and every one of the aforesaid things be inviolably observed by every subject of the provinces of Canterbury and York. And if anyone, which God forbid, should contravene the aforesaid or any one of them, expressly or secretly, in deed, aid, advice or favour, he shall be subject by that act to sentence of excommunication; saving always in all things the regal rights of the lord our king and his prerogatives. |
| [memb. 8] | |
| [col. a] | |
| Assemblee de parlement a Salop'. | The assembly of the parliament at Shrewsbury. |
| 44. Lundy < apres la > quinzeine de Seint Hiller proschein venant, le roy et les seignurs espirituels et temporels, et les chivalers des contees, citezeins, et burgeis a Salopbirs assemblez en parlement solonc l'ejournement d'icelle, le chaunceller rehercea, coment le parlement feust comencez a < Londres, > et la [col. b] cause del sommons d'icel; c'estassavoir, primerement al honur de Dieu, et qe seinte esglise eit touz ses libertees et franchises, et qe touz les seignurs espirituels et temporels, citezeins, et burgeis eient et enjoient touz leur libertees et franchises, come ils eient resonablement euez et usez en temps de ses nobles progenitours, [p. iii-357][col. a] et en son temps. (fn. iii-347-182-1) Item, qe ne soient pleuseurs governours deinz le roialme forsq'un, et qe les loies soient duement obeiez et executz, come pluis pleinement est contenuz en le comencement et pronunciacioun de cest parlement. | 44. On the Monday after the quindene of St Hilary next following [28 January 1398], the king and the lords spiritual and temporal, and the knights of the shires, citizens and burgesses, being assembled at Shrewsbury in parliament according to the adjournment of the same, the chancellor rehearsed how the parliament had begun in London, and the [col. b] reason for summoning the same; namely, firstly, to the honour of God, and that holy church might have all its liberties and franchises, and that all the lords spiritual and temporal, citizens and burgesses, might have and enjoy all the liberties and franchises which they reasonably had and used in the time of his noble progenitors [p. iii-357][col. a] and in his time. (fn. iii-347-182-1) Also, that there be no more than one governor in the realm, and the laws be duly obeyed and executed, as is more fully contained in the opening and announcement of this parliament. |
| Pur estre enformez de les charges. | To be informed of the charge. |
| Item, le chanceller monstra as communes, coment le roy vorroit estre enformez par eux coment le charge serroit portez pur la defense du roialme, [editorial note: C 65/59 inserts 'de'.] la terre d'Irland', Guyan, et la marche de Caleys; et auxi pur la marche d'Escoce, en cas q'ils ne tiegnent mye les aunciens treves qi feurent prises pur quatre ans, et les queux serront terminez a le Seint Michel proschein. | Also, the chancellor explained to the commons that the king wished to be informed by them as to how the charge would be borne for the defence of the realm, the land of Ireland, Guyenne and the march of Calais; and also for the marches of Scotland, in case [the Scots] should not honour the old truce which had been made for four years, and which would end at Michaelmas following [29 September 1398]. |
| Protestacioun de parlour et de communes. | The protestation of the speaker and the commons. |
| 45. Item, monsire Johan Bussy parlour pur les communes fist sa protestacioun come il soloit faire, et come il fist en le comencement de cest parlement; quele le roy ad ottroie. | 45. Also Sir John Bushy, speaker for the commons, made his protestation as it was customary to do, and as he had done at the beginning of this parliament; which the king allowed. |
| Item, il fist autre protestacioun pur luy et ses compaignons, qe s'ils dirroient riens encontre l'onestee et l'estat du roy, ou en displesance de luy, qe le roy les vorra avoir escusez graciousement, et q'ils purront soy amender et corriger en celle partie, depuis qe leur entent est, et serra, de riens faire ne dire qe purra estre en deshoneste ou displesance de luy, ne encontre soun roial estat. A quele protestacioun le roy graciousement assenta. | Also, he made another protestation on behalf of himself and his companions that if he should say anything against the integrity and estate of the king, or to his displeasure, that the king would graciously hold them excused, and that they might be amended and corrected in the matter, since their intent was, and would be, to do or say nothing which might be dishonest or to his displeasure, or against his royal estate. To which protestation the king graciously assented. |
| Serement du conte de la Marche. | The oath of the earl of March. |
| 46. Item, al instance des ditz communes, Roger conte del Marche fist son serement en parlement sur la croice de Cantirbirs, de garder et tenir touz les juggementz, ordinances, et establissementz faitz et renduz a Westm' en cest present parlement, en manere come les autres seignurs temporels firent a la firtre de Seint Edward a Westm', come desuis est compris. | 46. Also, at the instance of the said commons, Roger earl of March made his oath in parliament on the cross of Canterbury to keep and uphold all the judgments, ordinances and decrees made and rendered at Westminster in the present parliament, in like manner to the other lords temporal at the shrine of St Edward at Westminster, as is set out above. |
| Adnullacioun de parlement l'an unszisme. | The annulment of the parliament of the eleventh year. |
| 47. Item, mesme le lundy, les seignurs < qi feurent > < appellantz en cest parlement, > [editorial note: The word 'parlement' is interlined in C 65/59.] c'estassavoir Edward duc d'Aumarle, Thomas duc de Surr', Johan duc d'Excestre, Johan markys de Dors', Thomas cont de Gloucestre, Johan cont de Sar', [editorial note: C 65/59 transposes 'Thomas cont de Gloucestre' and 'Johan cont de Sar'', which are written over erasures.] et William cont de Wiltes', prierent au roy, recitantz < et monstrantz, > < coment certeins seignurs qe sont convictz et atteintz, c'estassavoir le duc de Gloucestre, et les contes d'Arundell et Warr', > < assemblez > < a Haryngeye forciblement et en > grant nombre a faire de guerre, firent barrers entre le roy et eux, qe les liges du roy ne purroient approcher au roy en socour de luy, et ensi viendrent en tiel forcible manere a son paloys de Westm', arraiez de guerre, si qe le roy ne les purroit alors resister sanz tresgrant peril de son corps, et destruccioun de son poeple. Mais ensi par cohercioun et compulsioun les ditz duc et contes firent le roy sommoner un parlement a Westm', lendemain de la Purificacioun de Nostre Dame, l'an de son regne unszisme: quel parlement issint comencez, les ditz duc et contes en tiele forcible manere firent continuer a la fyn, et en ycel doneront pleuseurs diverses juggementz, sibien de mort de hommes come autrement, sur diverses liges du roy, et donerent juggementz de forfaiture des terres et tenementz, biens et chateux, < dont ils sont convictz de haute tresoun. > [editorial note: These words are also interlined in C 65/59.] Et auxi, pur certeins questions qe feurent demandez par le roy touchantz son estat et regalie de certeins ses justices adonqes a Notyngham, mesme l'an, et pur leur respons d'icelles donez au roy sur mesmes < les > [editorial note: This word is also interlined in C 65/59.] questions, mesmes les justices feurent forsjuggez de leur vies, et juggement renduz devers eux de forfaiture de leur terres, tenementz, biens, et chateux. Et les ditz duc et contes firent diverses [col. b] estatutz et ordenances en le dit parlement a leur volentee. | 47. Also, on the same Monday [28 January], the lords who had been summoned to this parliament, namely Edward duke of Aumale, Thomas duke of Surrey, John duke of Exeter, John marquis of Dorset, Thomas earl of Gloucester, John earl of Salisbury and William earl of Wiltshire prayed of the king, reciting and explaining how certain lords who were convicted and attainted, namely the duke of Gloucester and the earls of Arundel and Warwick, assembled at Harringay forcibly and in great number to wage war, made barriers about the king and themselves so that the king's lieges could not approach the king to help him, and thus they came in such forcible manner to his palace at Westminster, arrayed for war, that the king could not then resist them without great peril to his person and the destruction of his people. But thus by coercion and compulsion the said duke and earls caused the king to summon a parliament at Westminster on the day after the Purification of Our Lady in the eleventh year of his reign [3 February 1388]: which parliament thus begun, the said duke and earls in such a forcible manner caused to continue to the very end, and in the same they made many judgments, both of death and otherwise, on divers lieges of the king, and they made judgments of forfeiture of lands and tenements, goods and chattels, by which they were convicted of high treason. And also, because of certain questions which were asked by the king touching his estate and regality, of certain of his justices then at Nottingham, in the same year, and because of their reply there given to the king on the same questions, the same justices were forjudged of their lives, and judgment rendered against them in forfeiture of their lands, tenements, goods and chattels. And the said duke and earls made divers [col. b] statutes and ordinances in the said parliament at their will. |
| Sur quoy, les ditz appellantz considerantz le sommons du dit parlement estre fait expressement encontre la droit de la corone du roy, et la libertee et franchise de sa persone et roial estat, leur veullantz acquiter au roy come ses loialx lieges, luy prierent qe le dit parlement soit adnullez et tenuz pur nul toutoutrement; et qe touz les juggementz, ordenances, et estatutz faitz et renduz en le dit parlement, et touz les dependantz d'icelle, soient adnullez, revokez, repellez, et tenuz pur nul, come chose faite sanz auctorite, et encontre la volente et liberte du roy, et le droit de sa corone. Et qe les terres, tenementz, fees, advoesons, et autres possessions queconqes, seisez par colour des ditz juggementz, soient restitutz et liverez as ceux qi feurent < ensi > adjuggez, et a leur heirs. Et < auxi les > [editorial note: The word 'auxi' is also over an erasure in C 65/59.] ditz communes prierent au roy, come les ditz appellantz < avoient > prie, et disoient, qe leur < entent > feust d'avoir priez semblablement. Et sur ce les seignurs espirituels et temporels, et les procureurs de la clergie, severalment examinez, assenterent expressement, qe le dit parlement, et touz les estatutz, juggementz, ordenances, et touz autres choses ent faitz et subsecutz, soient cassez et adnullez, et de nul force et value, et restitucioun faite, come dessuis est dit. Et auxi, < sibien > les seignurs espirituels et temporels, et les procureurs de la clergie, come les ditz communes, feurent severalment examinez de les ditz questions, et de les respons des justices susditz, le tenour des queles s'ensuit: | Whereupon the said appellants, considering the summons of the said parliament to have been made expressly contrary to the right of the king's crown and the liberty and franchise of his person and royal estate, wishing to acquit themselves to the king as his loyal lieges, prayed of him that the said parliament be annulled and held altogether at naught; and that all the judgments, ordinances and statutes made and rendered in the said parliament, and all the dependencies of the same, be annulled, revoked, repealed and held at naught, as a thing done without authority and against the will and liberty of the king and the right of his crown. And that the lands, tenements, fees, advowsons and other possessions whatsoever seized by colour of the said judgments be restored and delivered to those who were thus adjudged, and to their heirs. And also the said commons prayed of the king as the said appellants had prayed, and said that their intent had been to make a similar request. Whereupon the lords spiritual and temporal, and the proctors of the clergy, being severally questioned, agreed expressly that the said parliament, and all the statutes, judgments, ordinances and all other things therein done and pursued, should be cancelled and annulled and held of no force or value, and restitution made, as said above. And also, both the lords spiritual and temporal and the proctors of the clergy, like the said commons, were severally examined on the said questions, and on the answers of the aforesaid justices, the tenor whereof follows: |
| The following text from 'Memorandum quod' to 'Datum loco, die, mense et anno predictis' is also to be found in C 65/47 on m.4 (which does not contain the paragraph beginning 'Item, quesitum erat ab eis ex quo rex potest quandocumque sibi placuit removere quoscunque officiarios et justiciarios suos.....') and in C 65/48 on membranes 13 and 12. | |
| 'Memorandum, quod vicesimo quinto die mensis Augusti, anno regni regis Ricardi secundi undecimo, apud castrum Notyngh', coram dicto domino rege, Robertus Tresilian capitalis justiciarius, et Robertus Bealknap' capitalis justiciarius de communi banco domini nostri regis predicti, et Johannes Holt, Rogerus Fulthorp', et Willelmus Burgh', milites, socii predicti Roberti Bealknap', ac Johannes Loketon' serviens dicti domini regis ad legem, in presencia dominorum et aliorum testium subscriptorum personaliter existentes, per dictum dominum nostrum regem requisiti in fide et ligeancia quibus eidem domino nostro regi firmiter sunt astricti, quod ad certas questiones inferius designatas, et coram eis recitatas, fideliter responderent, et super eis secundum discrecionem sum legem dicerent. | Be it remembered that on 25 August in the eleventh year of the reign of King Richard the second [1387], at Nottingham castle, before the said lord king, Robert Tresilian chief justice and Robert Bealknap chief justice of the Common Bench of the lord our aforesaid king, and John Holt, Roger Fulthorp and William Burgh, knights, colleagues of the aforesaid Robert Bealknap, and John Lockton serjeant-at-law of the said lord king, in the presence of the lords and other witnesses listed below who were present, were asked by our said lord king on the faith and allegiance by which they were firmly bound to our same lord king faithfully to answer certain questions specified below and recited before them, and to pronounce the law upon them at their discretion. |
| In primis, querebatur ab eis, an illa nova statutum, et ordinacio, atque commissio facta et edita in ultimo parliamento apud Westm' celebrato, derogant regalie et prerogative dicti domini nostri regis. Ad quam quidem questionem unanimiter responderunt, quod derogant, presertim eo quod fuerant contra voluntatem regis. | First, it was asked of them whether the new statute, ordinance and commission made and decreed in the last parliament celebrated at Westminster derogated from the regality and prerogative of the said lord our king. To which question they replied as one that they did derogate from them, especially since they were against the king's will. |
| Item, querebatur ab eis, qualiter ipsi qui statutum, ordinacionem, et commissionem predicta fieri procurarunt sunt puniendi. Ad istam questionem unanimiter responderunt, quod pena capitali, < scilicet > mortis, < puniri > merentur, nisi rex in ea parte voluerit eis graciam indulgere. | Also, it was asked of them how they who had procured the aforesaid statute, ordinance and commission to be made were to be punished. To which question they unanimously replied that they deserved capital punishment, namely death, unless the king wished to grant them grace in the matter. |
| Item, querebatur ab eis, qualiter sunt illi puniendi qui regem predictum excitarunt ad conscentiendum statuti, ordinacionis, et commissionis hujusmodi factioni. Ad quam quidem questionem unanimiter responderunt, quod nisi rex eis graciam fecerit, sunt pena capitali merito puniendi. | Also, it was asked of them how they were to be punished who incited the aforementioned king to consent to the making of that statute, ordinance and commission. To which question they unanimously replied that unless the king granted them grace, they deserved capital punishment. |
| Item, querebatur ab eis, qualem penam merentur illi qui compulerunt sive artarunt regem ad consenciendum confectioni dictorum statuti, ordinacionis, et commissionis. Ad quam quidem questionem unanimiter responderunt, quod sunt ut proditores merito puniendi. | Also, it was asked of them what penalty they deserved who compelled or forced the king to consent to the making of the said statute, ordinance and commission. To which question they unanimously replied that they deserved to be punished as traitors. |
| [p. iii-358] | |
| [col. a] | |
| Item, querebatur ab eis, quomodo sunt illi eciam puniendi qui impediverunt regem quominus poterat excercere que ad regaliam et prerogativam suam pertinuerunt. Ad istam questionem unanimiter responderunt, quod sunt ut proditores eciam puniendi. | Also, it was asked of them further how they were to be punished who impeded the king so that he could not exercise that which pertained to his regality and prerogative. To which question they unanimously replied that they too were to be punished as traitors. |
| Item quesitum erat ab eis, an postquam in parliamento congregato negocia regni et causa congregacionis parliamenti de mandato regis fuerint exposita et declarata, et certi articuli limitati per regem super quibus domini et communes regni in eodem parliamento procedere debeant, si domini et communes super aliis articulis velint omnino procedere, et nullatenus super articulis limitatis per regem, donec super articulis per eosdem expressatis fuerit per ipsum regem primo responsum; non obstante quod fuerit eis injunctum per regem incontrarium, numquid rex debeat habere in ea parte [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'debeat in ea parte habere'.] regimen parliamenti, et de facto regere ad effectum, quod super limitatis articulis per regem primo debeant procedere, vel an domini et communes primo debeant habere responsum a rege super articulis per eosdem expressis antequam ulterius procedatur? Ad quam quidem questionem unanimiter responderunt, quod rex in ea parte haberet regimen; et sic seriatim in omnibus aliis articulis tangentibus parliamentum usque ad finem ejusdem parliamenti. Et si quis contra hujusmodi regimen regis fecerit, tanquam proditor est puniendus. | Also, it was asked of them whether, after the affairs of the kingdom and the reason for summoning the parliament had been revealed and declared on the king's orders in a parliament assembled, and certain matters specified by the king which the lords and commons of the kingdom in the same parliament were to deal with, and the lords and commons then wished to proceed entirely with other matters, and not at all upon those specified by the king, until the articles specified by themselves had first been answered by the same king, notwithstanding that the king had ordered them to the contrary; should the king not have the rule of parliament in this regard, and truly rule with effect, so that they ought first to proceed with the articles specified by the king, or should the lords and commons first have an answer from the king to the articles specified by themselves before further proceeding. To which question they unanimously replied that the king should have authority in that matter; and thus successively in all other articles touching parliament until the end of the same parliament. And whosoever acted against such manner of the king's rule ought to be punished as a traitor. |
| Dissolucio parliamenti ad voluntatem regis. [editorial note: This note, written in the margin in a near contemporary hand, is not to be found in C 65/57 or 59.] | The dissolution of parliament at the king's will. |
| Item, querebatur ab eis, nunquid rex quandocumque sibi placuerit poterit dissolvere parliamentum, et suis dominis et communibus precipere quod ab inde recedant, an non. Ad quam quidem questionem unanimiter responderunt, quod potest. Et si quis extunc contra voluntatem regis procedat ut in parliamento, tanquam proditor puniendus existit. | Also, it was asked of them whether the king should be able whensoever he pleased to dissolve parliament and order his lords and commons to leave, or not. To which question they unanimously replied that he was so able. And if anyone should then so proceed against the king's will in parliament, he ought to be punished as a traitor. |
| Item, quesitum erat ab eis, exquo rex potest quandocumque sibi placuerit removere quoscumque officiarios et justiciarios suos, et ipsos pro delictis eorum justificare et punire, nunquid domini et communes possent absque voluntate regis officiarios et justiciarios ipsos impetere super delictis eorum in parliamento, an non. Ad istam questionem unanimiter responderunt, quod non possunt. Et si quis incontrarium fecerit, est ut proditor puniendus. | Also, it was asked of them that, given that the king could remove any of his officers and justices whensoever he chose and could judge and punish them for their offences, were the lords and commons able, against the king's will, to proceed against those officers and justices for their delicts in parliament or not. To this question they unanimously replied that they could not, and if anyone acted to the contrary he was to be punished as a traitor. |
| Item, querebatur ab eis, qualiter est ille puniendus, qui movebat in parliamento quod mitteretur pro statuto per quod rex Edwardus filius Edwardi regis, proavus regis nunc, erat alias adjudicatus in parliamento; per cujus statuti inspeccionem nova statutum et ordinacio, ac commissio supradicta fuerunt in parliamento concepta. Ad quam quidem questionem unanimiter responderunt, quod tam ille qui sic movebat, quam alius qui pretextu hujusmodi mocionis statutum illud portavit ad parliamentum, sunt ut proditores et criminosi merito puniendi. | Also, it was asked of them how he was to be punished who suggested in parliament that the manner in which King Edward [II], son of King Edward [I], great-grandfather of the present king, was adjudged in parliament be considered as a statute; by an inspection of which statute, the aforesaid new statute, ordinance and commission were conceived in parliament. To which question they unanimously replied that both he who thus suggested it and he who, on the pretext of which motion, brought it to parliament, deserved to be punished as traitors and criminals. |
| Item, quesitum erat ab eis, an judicium in ultimo parliamento apud Westm' celebrato redditum contra comitem Suff' fuit erroneum et revocabile, an non. (fn. iii-347-219-1) Ad quam quidem questionem unanimiter responderunt, quod si illud judicium esset modo reddendum illi justiciarii et serviens predicti illud reddere nollent; quia videtur eis, quod judicium illud revocabile est tanquam erroneum in omni sui parte. | Also, it was asked of them whether or not the judgment rendered against the earl of Suffolk in the last parliament celebrated at Westminster was erroneous and revocable. (fn. iii-347-219-1) To which question they unanimously replied that if that judgment were now to be rendered, they, the aforesaid justices and serjeant, would not wish to render it; because it seemed to them that the judgment was revocable, being erroneous in every respect. |
| In quorum omnium testimonium justiciarii et serviens predicti sigilla sua predicta presentibus apposuerunt. Hiis testibus, reverendis patribus dominis Alexandro archiepiscopo Ebor', Roberto archiepiscopo Dublin', Johanne episcopo Dunolmen', Thoma Cicestren' episcopo, Johanne Bangoren' [col. b] episcopo, Roberto duce Hibern', et Michele comite Suff', et Johanne Rypon clerico, ac Johanne Blake scutifero. Datum loco, die, mense, et anno predictis. [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'supradictis'.] | In testimony whereof the aforesaid justices and serjeant affixed their seal to the said presents. Witnessed by the reverend fathers the lords Alexander archbishop of York, Robert archbishop of Dublin, John bishop of Durham, Thomas bishop of Chichester, and John bishop of Bangor, [col. b] Robert duke of Ireland and Michael earl of Suffolk, and John Ripon, clerk, and John Blake, squire. Given at the place, time, month, and year aforesaid [25 August 1387]. |
| Queles questions, et les responses d'icelles, sibien devant le roy et seignurs come devant les comunes feurent luz et entenduz, et demande feust de touz l'estatz du parlement, coment y leur sembloit de les responses suisditz. Et ils disoient qe leur sembloit qe les ditz justices firent et donerent leur responses duement et loialment, come bones et loialx liges du roy deveroient faire. Et en mesme la manere monsire Thomas de Skelton', apris de la loie, et William Hankeford' et William Brencheslee, sergeantz du roy, demandez par le roy de leur advys en celle partie, disoient qe les responses feurent bones et loialx, et q'ils vorroient avoir donez mesmes les responses si les ditz questions eussent este demandez de eux. Et monsire William Thirnyng, chief justice de commune bank du roy, dist qe declaracioun de treson nient declarez appartient a parlement: mes s'il feusse seignur ou piere du parlement, s'il eust este demandez il voudroit avoir dit en mesme la manere. Et ensi et en mesme la manere dist monsire William Rikhill, justice du commune bank. Et apres la venue de monsire Wauter Clopton', chief justice, il dist en mesme la manere. Paront les ditz responses sont adjuggez et affermez pur bones et sufficeantes < en cest present > parlement. Sur quoy, < par > le roy, de l'assent des seignurs espirituels et temporels, et les procureurs de la clergie, et de les ditz communes, et par advys de les justices et sergeantz susditz illoeqes esteantz, agardez feust et adjuggez, ordenez, et establiz, qe le dit parlement tenuz le dit an unszisme (fn. iii-347-223-1) soit tout outrement adnullez et tenuz pur nul, come chose faite sanz auctorite, et encontre la volunte et liberte du roy, et le droit de sa corone. Et qe touz les juggementz, estatutz, et ordenances faitz en ycel, ove toutz les dependantz d'icelles, soient revokez, adnullez, reversez, et tout outrement repellez et tenuz pur nul. | The which questions, and the answers to the same, were read and heard as well before the king and lords as before the commons, and it was asked of all the estates of parliament, how the aforesaid answers appeared to them. And they said that it seemed to them that the said justices made and gave their answers duly and loyally, as good and loyal lieges of the king ought to do. And in the same manner Sir Thomas Skelton, learned in the law, and William Hankford and William Brenchesle, king's serjeants, being asked by the king for their advice on the matter, said that the answers were good and loyal, and that they would have given the same answers if the said questions had been asked of them. And Sir William Thirning, chief justice of the Common Bench, said that declaration of treason not declared pertained to parliament: but that if he had been a lord or peer of parliament and had been asked he would have spoken in the same manner. And thus and in the same manner spoke Sir William Rickhill, justice of the Common Bench. And after his arrival, Sir Walter Clopton spoke in the same manner. Wherefore the said answers were adjudged and affirmed to be good and sufficient in the present parliament. Whereupon, by the king, with the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal, and of the proctors of the clergy, and of the said commons, and by the advice of the justices and serjeants aforesaid being there, it was decided and adjudged, ordained and decreed that the parliament held in the said eleventh year (fn. iii-347-223-1) should be entirely annulled and held at naught, as a thing done without authority, and against the will and liberty of the king and the right of his crown. And that all the judgments, statutes and ordinances made upon the same, with all the dependencies of the same, should be revoked, annulled, reversed and entirely repealed and held at naught. |
| Restitucioun des terres, etc. | The restitution of lands, etc. |
| Et qe touz les terres et tenementz, fees, et advoesons, et autres possessions queconqes, seisez come forfaitz par colour des ditz juggementz, soient restitutz < et liverez > as ceux qi feurent adjuggez ou oustez, et a leur heirs, < et a ceux qi ont en autre manere action ou title de droit en celle partie, > ovek touz maneres libertees, franchises, et privileges, aussi avant et entierment come ils avoient en ascun temps pardevant sanz ascunes issues ou profitz avoir d'icelles en le mesne temps, ou restitucioun des biens et chateux. Mais nostre seignur le roy, par advys des ditz seignurs et communes, considerantz coment le roy, pur recoverir et relevacioun de ses ditz liges qi feurent issint adjuggez ou oustez, et pur leur faire avoir restitucioun de leur estatz, et terres, et tenementz, fees, et advoesons et autres possessions suisditz, ad euz et supportez grantes et excessives coustages et despenses, y semble au roy, et as touz les seignurs, qe touchant la dite restitucioun il serroit competent satisfaccioun as ditz forsjuggez < et oustez, > [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'et oustez'.] et a leur heirs, pur avoir restitucioun de leur terres et tenementz tantsoulement, sanz restitucioun de leur biens et chateux, ou de les issues et profitz de les ditz terres et tenementz prises en le mesne temps. Et outre, qant a ceux qi ont achatez et purchacez du roy pleuseurs des terres et tenementz susditz; < c'estassavoir ascuns en demesne, ascuns en reversion, > [editorial note: These words are also interlined in C 65/59.] pur certeines sommes paiez au roy, le roy ad chargez son conseil d'enquere par leur advys de la value des ditz terres et tenementz ensi venduz, et combien les ditz achatours ent ont pris en le mesne temps, et surce treiter et faire ovek eux tiel fyn come bone foy et conscience demandent. Et sur ce ordeinez est et establiz, qe touz ceux qi voillent pursuer pur la restitucioun susdite, ou pur leur recoverir en celle partie, eient briefs de scire facias, retournables en la chancellerie, tantz et tieux come lour semblera busoignables, [p. iii-359][col. a] ou preignent autre accioun al commune ley s'ils vourront, et q'ils purront suier devers eax qe sont tenantz de frank tenement le lundy susdit, et qe leur recoverir soit bone et effectuel devers eux: nientcontresteantz ascuns alienacions ou dimises faitz puis le dit lundy, ou devers autres tenantz, a leur eleccioun. Et qe nul proteccioun soit alowe en celle cas, ne nul delay par noun age, ne resceit, ne eide de prier forsqe par eide de prier du roy. Et qe le gardein du prive seal face ent lettres de procedendo, sanz pursuir ou parler au roy, ou autre delay, sanz wast ou destruccioun faire en le mesne temps. (fn. iii-347-224a-1) | And that all the lands and tenements, fees and advowsons and other possessions whatsoever seized as forfeit by colour of the said judgments be restored and delivered to those who were adjudged or ousted, and to their heirs, and to those who have in any other way an action or entitlement in the matter, with all kinds of liberties, franchises and privileges, as fully as they had them in any previous time, but without any issues or profits from the same in the mean time, or restitution of goods and chattels. But our lord the king, by the advice of the said lords and commons, considering that the king, for the recovery and relief of his said lieges who had been thus adjudged or ousted, and to afford them restitution of their estates, lands, tenements, fees and advowsons and other possessions aforesaid, had suffered and sustained great and excessive costs and expenses, it seemed to the king, and to all the lords, that touching the said restitution it should be adequate satisfaction to the said forjudged and ousted, and to their heirs, to have restitution of their lands and tenements only, without restitution of their goods and chattels, or of the issues and profits of the said lands and tenements taken in the mean time. And further, as to those who have bought and purchased from the king various of the aforesaid lands and tenements - that is to say, some in demesne and some in reversion, for certain sums paid to the king - the king has charged his council to enquire by their advice into the value of the said lands and tenements thus sold, and how much the said buyers have taken thereon in the meantime, and thereupon to make and arrange with them such a settlement as good faith and conscience demand. And thereupon it was ordained and decreed that all those who wished to sue for the aforesaid restitution, or for their recovery in the matter, should have writs of scire facias returnable in the chancery, such and as many as would seem necessary to them, [p. iii-359][col. a] or take other action at the common law if they wished, and that they might sue toward those who were tenants of free tenement on the aforesaid Monday, and that recovery might be good and effectual toward them: notwithstanding any alienations or demises made since the said Monday, or toward other tenants, at their election. And that no protection be allowed in this case, nor any delay through minority, nor receipt, nor aid in prayer, except by aid in prayer of the king. And that the keeper of the privy seal should make letters de procedendo thereon, without suing or speaking to the king, or other delay, without making waste or destruction in the meantime. (fn. iii-347-224a-1) |
| Pur le cont de Suff'. [editorial note: The heading in C 65/57 reads 'Restitucioun pur le count de Suff'. The heading in C 65/59 reads 'Repelle de juggement pur le conte de Suff'. The whole of this item in C 65/59 appears on a piece of parchment stitched to the recto of membrane 7.] | Concerning the earl of Suffolk. |
| 48. Item, mesme le jour de lundy, nostre seignur le roy, al instance des ditz seignurs appellantz, del assent des autres seignurs en parlement, considerantz coment adjuggez feust par toutz l'estatz du parlement, qe la respons faite par Robert Tresilyan, et autres < ses > ditz compaignons justices du roy, a Notyngham, le dit an unszisme, sur une certeine question demande de eux, come piert dessus, touchant sire [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'sire'.] Michel de la Pole nadgairs cont de Suff', estoit bone, juste, et loiale, et qe le dit juggement renduz envers le dit cont en parlement, l'an disme nostre dit seignur le roy, (fn. iii-347-227-1) feust erroigne et revocable, come piert dessus; si ad, par assent du parlement, < agardez, > juggez et establiz, qe le < dit > [editorial note: This word is also interlined in C 65/59.] juggement renduz envers le dit cont en le dit parlement, le dit an disme, soit repellez, reversez, et adnullez tout outrement; en mesme la manere et fourme come [...] [editorial note: This gap also appears in C 65/59.] les juggementz renduz devers le dit cont, et autres < adjuggez > [editorial note: This word is also interlined in C 65/59.] en le dit parlement tenuz le dit an unszisme, < furent > [editorial note: This word is also interlined in C 65/59.] reversez et adnullez en cest present parlement. Et qe touz les terres, tenementz, rentes, fees, et avoesons, et autres possessions qeconqes queux feurent a dit cont et seisez come forfaitz par colour del dit juggement en le dit parlement le dit an disme, ovek touz maneres libertees, franchises, et privileges, aussi avant et entierment come le dit cont < les > [editorial note: This word is also interlined in C 65/59.] avoit en ascun temps pardevant, soient restitutz a les heirs du dit cont, sanz ascunes issues ou profitz avoir d'icelles en le mesne temps. Et qe les ditz heirs eient lour suite et recoverir en mesme la manere come dessuis. (fn. iii-347-227-2) | 48. Also, on the same Monday [28 January 1398], our lord the king, at the instance of the said lords appellant, with the assent of the other lords in parliament - considering how it had been adjudged by all the estates of parliament that the answer given to the king by Robert Tresilian and others his said fellow justices at Nottingham in the said eleventh year [1387], on a certain question asked of them, as appears above, touching Sir Michael de la Pole late earl of Suffolk, was good, just, and true, and that the said judgment rendered against the said earl in parliament in the tenth year of our said lord the king (fn. iii-347-227-1) was erroneous and revocable, as appears above - has, with the assent of parliament, decided, adjudged, and decreed that the said judgment rendered against the said earl in the said parliament, in the said tenth year [1386], should be repealed, reversed and entirely annulled; in the same manner and form in which the judgments rendered against the said earl and others adjudged in the said parliament held in the said eleventh year [1388], had been reversed and annulled in the present parliament. And that all the lands, tenements, rents, fees and advowsons and other possessions whatsoever which were the said earl's, and were seized as forfeit by colour of the said judgment in the said parliament in the said tenth year [1386], with all manner of liberties, franchises and privileges, as fully and wholly as the said earl had had them in any previous time, be restored to the heirs of the said earl, without any issues or profits from the same in the mean time. And that the said heirs shall have their suit and recovery in the same manner as above. (fn. iii-347-227-2) |
| [memb. 7] | |
| Requeste des communes pur pardoun. | The request of the commons for pardon. |
| 49. Item, < le marsdy proschein ensuant, monsire Johan Bussy rehercea au roy en parlement, coment les chanceller et tresorer monstrerent a luy et ses > compaignons la necessitee et busoignables charges du roy et du roialme, et dist coment qe les communes feurent en [editorial note: C 65/57 substitutes 'a' for 'en'.] grant povert, nientmains ils sont et serront prestz come loialx liges de faire leur devoir a leur poair. Et sur ce pria au roy qe come grantes riotes, troubles, et offenses ont este faitz devant ces heures en offens de sa roiale mageste, dont son poeple estiet en grant peril de < la > ley, il plerroit au roy, en comfort de son dit poeple, graciousement granter et faire generale grace et pardoun a tout son poeple. Sur quoy le chanceller respondy, par comandement du roy, qe le roy ad bien entendu leur request, mes il voet primerement savoir coment ils voillent faire de lour part a luy: et sur ce, come il purra senter leur fait et volente d'estre tenuz a eux, il est en volente de faire de sa part tiel grace et pardoun q'ils serront tenuz a luy de resoun. (fn. iii-347-230-2) | 49. Also, on the following Tuesday [29 January 1398], Sir John Bushy rehearsed to the king in parliament that the chancellor and treasurer had explained to him and his companions the needs and necessary burdens of the king and kingdom, and he said that although the commons were greatly impoverished, nevertheless they were and would be ready as loyal lieges to do their duty as best they could. And thereupon he prayed of the king that whereas great uprisings, troubles, and offences had been committed in the past to the offence of his royal majesty, for which his people were in great peril of the law, it might please the king, to the comfort of his said people, graciously to grant and give a general grace and pardon to all his people. Whereupon the chancellor replied, by order of the king, that the king had well understood their request, but that he wished first to know what they would do on their part for him: and thereupon, that he might understand their deed and thus desire to be beholden to them, he would be willing to grant such grace and pardon for his part that they might have reason to be bound to him. (fn. iii-347-230-2) |
| Procuratour de clergie. | Proctor of the clergy. |
| 50. Item, mesme le jour, les communes prierent qe les prelatz et clergie ferroient un procureur, ove sufficeant poair pur consentir en leur noun as touz choses et ordenances a justifiers en cest present parlement, en mesme la manere come ils commistrent poair a monsire Thomas de Percy en cest present parlement a Westm'. [col. b] Et sur ce, les ditz prelatz et clergie nomerent et ordenerent en parlement par bouche William le Scrop' cont de Wiltes'; commettant et donant a luy pleine poair generalment a treiter < et esploiter > quant a touz choses en cest present parlement judicialment a justifiers pur l'estat et honur nostre seignur le roy et de sa regalie; quiete, pees, et tranquillitee de roialme; aussi avant et en manere come feust commys a monsire Thomas de Percy pardevant. | 50. Also, on the same day [29 January 1398], the commons prayed that the prelates and clergy might appoint a proctor with sufficient power to consent in their name to all items and ordinances to be enacted in the present parliament, in the same manner in which they had committed power to Sir Thomas Percy in the present parliament at Westminster. [col. b] And thereupon the said prelates and clergy thus named and ordained orally in parliament William Scrope earl of Wiltshire, committing and giving to him full power generally to discuss and treat of all things to be enacted judicially in the present parliament for the estate and honour of our lord the king and of his regality; and for the quiet, peace, and tranquillity of the realm, in the same manner as was previously committed to Sir Thomas Percy. |
| Seurete pur garder les juggementz. | Security to keep the judgments. |
| 51. Item, le mesquerdy proschein ensuant, le dit monsire Johan Bussy rehercea et alleggea, coment avaunt ces heures pleuseurs ordenances et estatutz < faitz > en diverses parlementz ont este reversez par diversite d'oppinions, et autres resons et subtilites ymaginez. Et surce prierent au roy, qe pur la sauftee et la seuretee de sa roiale persone et de son roialme, et pur ouster touz maneres des perils qi purront advenir par tieles diversitees d'oppinions, resons, et subtilitees ymaginez, q'il soit ordenez et establiz en cest present parlement, qe par nul colour, ne diversitees d'oppinions, n'autres resons colorables, ne subtilitees ymaginez en apres, nulles juggementz, establissementz, estatutz, ne ordenances faitz ou renduz en cest present parlement soient desore en apres aucunement repellez, irritez ne adnullez. Et si ascun face, procure ou pursue, par aucune voie, pur reverser, repeller, irriter, ou adnuller aucuns des ditz juggementz, establissementz, statutz, ou ordenances faitz ou renduz, et de ce soit duement convict, soit tenuz come traitour au roy et a roialme. Sur quoy le roy chargea touz l'estatz du parlement de dire leur advys, pur le melliour et plus forte ordenance et seuretee en celle partie. Et les ditz seignurs espirituels et temporels disoient, q'ils sont jurrez devant de gardir et tenir bien et loialment touz les ditz juggementz, establissementz, estatutz et ordenances, les queles ils voullent fermement gardir et tenir, ovek toute leur poair quant en eux est. Et outre ceo, [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'Et sur ceo'.] les [editorial note: C 65/57 adds 'ditz'.] justices du roy et les sergeantz du roy feurent demandez par le roy, s'ils sciverent aucune autre plus seuree voie pur gardir et tenir perpetuelment les ditz juggementz, establissementz, estatutz, et ordenances: qi disoient, qe le plus greindre seuretee qe poet estre, est ceo q'est establiz, ordenez, et affermez par parlement. Et plus outre, touz les seignurs espirituels et temporels feurent severalment jurrez, et firent leur serement de novelle devant le roy en parlement sur la croice de Cantirbirs. Et aussi grante partie de les ditz communes et les autres adresserent leur maines dextres, en affirmance de leur serementz. Et ensi firent touz les procureurs del clergie; et aussi firent les chivalers esteantz entour le roy, en manere q'ensuit: | 51. Also, on the following Wednesday [30 January 1398], the said Sir John Bushy rehearsed and declared that in the past many ordinances and statutes made in divers parliaments had been reversed by changes of opinion and other reasons and subtle arguments devised. And thus they prayed of the king that for the safety and security of his royal person and his kingdom, and to put away all manner of perils which might arise through such changes of opinion, reasons and subtle arguments devised, it should be ordained and decreed in the present parliament that by no colour, nor through changes of opinion, nor other plausible reasons, nor subtle arguments later devised, should any judgments, decrees, statutes, nor ordinances made or rendered in the present parliament be henceforth repealed, invalidated or annulled in any way. And if anyone should act, procure or seek in any way to reverse, repeal, invalidate or annul any of the said judgments, decrees, statutes or ordinances made or rendered, and be duly convicted thereof, that he be held a traitor to the king and kingdom. Whereupon the king charged all the estates of parliament to give their advice for better and stronger order and security in the matter. And the said lords spiritual and temporal said that they had heretofore sworn to keep and well and loyally uphold all the said judgments, decrees, statutes, and ordinances, which they wished firmly to keep and uphold, as far as lay in them. And also, the king's justices and serjeants were asked by him if they knew of any other more certain way of keeping and upholding perpetually the said judgments, decrees, statutes and ordinances: and they said that the greatest security there could be was that which was decreed, ordained and affirmed by parliament. Furthermore, all the lords spiritual and temporal were individually sworn, and made their oath anew before the king in parliament on the cross of Canterbury. And also a large part of the said commons and the others raised their right hands in affirmation of their oaths. And so did all the proctors of the clergy; and so did the knights about the king, in the following manner: |
| Vous jurrez qe jammes vous ne pursuerez, ne procurez, ne assenterez, en tant come en vous est, sauvant la regalie du roy et libertee de sa corone, de reverser, casser, irriter, adnuller ou repeller aucuns des juggementz, establissementz, estatutz, et ordenances, faitz, donez ou renduz en cest present parlement. | You shall swear that you will never pursue, nor procure, nor assent, as far as you are able, saving the regality of the king and the liberty of his crown, to the reversal, cancellation, invalidation, anulment or repeal of any of the judgments, decrees, statutes and ordinances made, given or rendered in the present parliament. |
| 52. Et nostre seignur le roy, eue avisement et deliberacioun ovek les prelatz et clergie de son roialme, ad bien entendu q'il ne purra obliger ses successours roys d'Engleterre, par leur serement ne par autre voie, contre la libertee de la corone. Par quoy < le roy est en purpos, s'il semble q'il soit affaire, d'escrivre et envoier a nostre seint piere le pape pur donir sentence sur les contrariantz des ditz juggementz, estatutz, et ordenances; et sur ce le roy soy avisera et ferra en celle matiere come luy semblera meulx, par advis de son conseil. > [editorial note: C 65/57 contains the following passage at this point: 'Et puis apres proclamacion feust fait en audience de tout le poeple, pur savoir s'ils vorroient consentir a ceste manere de seuretee. A quel ils responderent, adresceantz en haut leur maines dextres, et criantz ove hautes voices, q'il lour plest bien, et q'ils sont a ceo pleinement assentuz.' 'And then afterwards proclamation was made in the hearing of all the people, to know if they would consent to this manner of surety. To which they replied, raising aloft their right hands, and crying aloud, that it would please them well, and they were fully in agreement with it.'] | 52. And our lord the king, upon consultation and discussion with the prelates and clergy of his realm, well understood that he could not oblige his successors the kings of England, by their oath or in any other way, against the liberty of the crown. Wherefore the king proposed, if it seemed that it could be done, to write and send to our holy father the pope to pass sentence against the contravenors of the said judgments, statutes and ordinances; and thereupon the king would consider further and do in the matter what seemed to him best, by the advice of his council. |
| [p. iii-360] | |
| [col. a] | |
| Bille du duc de Hereford contre le duc de Norff'. | The bill of the duke of Hereford against the duke of Norfolk. |
| 53. Fait [editorial note: The following text from 'Fait' to 'le tenour s'ensuit' is written on a slip of parchment stitched to membrane 7 of C 65/58. In C 65/59 it also appears on a slip stitched to the recto of membrane 6.] a remembrer qe mesme le jour de mesquerdy, Henry duc de Hereford vient devant nostre seignur le roy en parlement, portant en < sa > maine une cedule, et disoit au roy, qe de son comandement il vient a sa honurable presence a Haywode, et apres son venue illoeqes le roy luy disoit, coment il avoit entendu qe le duc de Norff' avoit parlez pluseurs paroles dishonestes en esclaundre de la persone nostre seignur le roy, queles paroles feurent parlez au dit duc de Hereford, come le roy avoit entenduz. Sur quoy le roy chargea le dit duc de Hereford sur sa ligeance, q'il dirroit au roy < loialment > les ditz paroles come ils feurent parlez a luy; et sur ce le dit duc de Hereford, de comandement du roy, noun pas pur malice ou enemyte n'autre cause, mes soulement pur obeier et applier a comandement du roy come il est tenuz, escript mesmes les paroles queles le dit duc de Norff' parla a luy, aussi avant come il les avoit conceuz et reportez en sa memorie, en substance en la dite cedule contenant les ditz paroles. Quele cedule le dit duc de Hereford bailla au roy, ovek sa protestacioun sur ceo faite. De queles [le tenour] s'ensuit: | 53. Be it remembered that on that same Wednesday [30 January 1398], Henry duke of Hereford came before our lord the king in parliament bearing a schedule in his hand, and said to the king that on his command he had come into his honourable presence at Heywood, and after his coming there the king had said that he understood the duke of Norfolk to have spoken many untrue words to the slander of the person of our lord the king, which words had been spoken to the said duke of Hereford, as the king had heard. Whereupon the king charged the said duke of Hereford on his allegiance to tell the king faithfully the said words as they had been spoken to him; and so the said duke of Hereford, on the king's orders, and not through malice, enmity, or for any other reason, but only to obey and follow the king's orders as he was obliged to do, wrote down the same words which the said duke of Norfolk had spoken to him, as fully as he had received and kept them in his memory, in substance in the said schedule containing the said words. Which schedule the said duke of Hereford submitted to the king, with his protestation made thereon. The tenor of which follows: |
| Faisant [editorial note: A deleted piece of text preceding the following passage reads 'Fait a remembrer qe mesme le jour de mesquerdy, Henry duc de Hereford bailla a nostre seignour le roi en le dit parlement un libelle ove une protestacioun de Thomas duc de Norf' les queux peticion et libelle s'ensuent. A deletion of about thirty letters appears at this point in C 65/59.] protestacioun de accroistre ou amenuser toutes les foiz, et tant de foiz come a moy plerra, ou bosoigne serra, sauvant toutfoitz la substance de mon libelle. Sire, le mois de Decembre, l'an de vostre regne .xxi., le duc de Hereford enchiminant entre Braynford et Londres, le duc de Norff' luy atteinoit a grant alleur, et parlant ovec luy de diverses matiers, entre queles luy disoit, nous sumes en point d'estre diffaitz. Et le dit duc de Hereford demanda, pur quoy. Et il respondist, qe pur le fait de Rodecotbrigge. Et le dit duc de Hereford disoit, coment purroit ceo estre, qar il nous avoit fait grace, et pur nous declarez en le [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'le'.] parlement, disaunt qe nous avons estee bones et loialx envers luy. Et le duc de Norff' respondy, qe non obstant cella il serra fait de nous come il ad este fait des autres pardevant, qar il voulloit adnuller celle record. Et le duc de Hereford disoit, qe ce serroit grant merveille, pus qe le roy l'avoit dit devant le poeple, et qe apres il le ferroit adnuller. Et enoutre le dit duc de Norff' disoit, qe c'estoit un merveilleux monde et faux: 'qar je say bien,' dist il, 'qe si n'eussient este aucuns, monseignur vostre pere de Lancastre, et vous, eussiez este prisez ou mortz quant vous venistez a Wyndesore apres le parlement.' Et qe les ducs d'Aumarle, et d'Excestre, < le cont de Wircestre, > et luy feurent asseurez, q'ils n'assenterent jammes a diffaire seignur sanz cause just et resonable. Et qe la malice de ceo fait estoit en le duc de Surr', le cont de Wilteshire, et le cont de Sar', entreant a eux le cont de Gloucestre. Et q'ils avoient jurrez pur diffaire autres sys seignurs, c'est a dire, le duc de Lancastre, de Hereford, d'Aumarle, et d'Excestre, le markys, et luy. Et aussi disoit le duc de Norff', q'ils feurent purposez de reverser le juggement du cont Thomas de Lancastre; et ceo serroit disheritesoun a nous, et a pleuseurs autres. Et le duc de Hereford disoit, 'Dieux defende'; qar ce serroit grant merveille si le roy voudroit assentir a cella: qar il luy avoit fait, come luy sembloit, si bone chiere, et luy promyst de luy estre bon seignur. Et sy savoit il bien mesmes q'il avoit jurre par Seint Edward d'estre bon seignur a luy et a touz les autres. Et le dit duc de Norff' respondi, endisant, [col. b] qe aussi avoit il fait a luy pleuseurs foiz sur le corps de Dieu; et qe pur cella ne luy affioit pas le meulx. Et enoutre il disoit au dit duc de Hereford, qe le roy estoit entour pur attraire le cont del Marche, et autres de l'assent et purpos des ditz quatre seignurs, pur destruire les autres avantditz. Et le duc de Hereford respondi, endisant, si ensi soit, nous ne purrons jammes affier en eux. Et le dit duc de Norff' disoit, pur certein noun; qar combien q'ils ne puissent accomplir lour purpos a present, ils serront entour de nous destruire en noz maisons as dys ans decy. | Making protestation to enlarge or reduce it at all times, and as often as I please or as need may be, saving always the substance of my libel. Sire, in the month of December, in the twenty-first year of your reign [1397], when the duke of Hereford was riding between Brentford and London, the duke of Norfolk suddenly intercepted him, and spoke with him on various matters, amongst which he said, 'We are about to be undone'. And the said duke of Hereford asked why. And he replied that it was because of what was done at Radcot Bridge. And the said duke of Hereford asked how that could be, 'Since he has given us grace, and declared for us in the parliament, saying that we had been true and loyal to him'. And the duke of Norfolk answered that notwithstanding that, he would do with us what had been done with the others already, for he wished to wipe out that record. And the duke of Hereford said that it would be a great wonder if the king were later to annul that which he had said before the people. Then the said duke of Norfolk said that this was a wondrous world and false, 'For I know well, he said, that if there had not been others there, messire your father of Lancaster and you would have been taken or slain when you came to Windsor after the parliament'. And that the dukes of Aumale and of Exeter, the earl of Worcester and himself had sworn that they would never assent to destroy a lord without a just and reasonable cause. And that the malice of that deed was with the duke of Surrey, the earl of Wiltshire and the earl of Salisbury, bringing over to their cause the earl of Gloucester. And they had sworn to defeat the other six lords, namely, the dukes of Lancaster, Hereford, Aumale, and Exeter, the marquis and himself. And the duke of Norfolk also said that they had planned to reverse the judgment concerning earl Thomas of Lancaster; and this would be to the disinheritance of us, and many others. And the duke of Hereford said, 'God forbid, for it would be a great wonder if the king were to assent to that', since he had given him so warm a welcome, as it seemed to him, and had promised to be a good lord to him. And he also knew that the he had sworn by St Edward to be a good lord to him and to all the others. And the said duke of Norfolk replied, saying [col. b] that the king had done the same towards himself on many occasions upon the body of the Lord, but that he did not trust him any the more because of that. And he further said to the said duke of Hereford that the king was intent on drawing over the earl of March and others with the assent and support of the said four lords, to destroy the others aforesaid. And the duke of Hereford answered, saying that if it were so, we could never trust in them. And the said duke of Norfolk said, 'Certainly not; since even if they may not accomplish their purpose at present, they would be intent on destroying us in our houses ten years hence'. |
| 54. Et puis le joedy, le .xxxi. jour de Janver proschein ensuant, feust ordeine par < le roy, de l'assent > < de > [editorial note: This word is also interlined in C 65/59.] touz l'estatz du parlement, en esploit du dit parlement, qe les matiers comprises en le dit libelle serront terminez et finalment discuscez, par la bone advys et discrecioun nostre seignur le roy, et l'advys et discretion des certeines commissioners assignez en celle partie par auctoritee du parlement; c'estassavoir, le duc de Lancastre, le duc d'Everwyk, le duc d'Aumarle, le duc de Surr', le duc de Excestre, le markys de Dors', le cont del Marche, le cont de Sar', le cont de Northumbr', le count de Gloucestre, ou sys de eux, le cont de Wircestre, et le cont de Wilteshire procureurs del clergie, ou un de eux, Johan Bussy, Henry Grene, Johan Russell, Richard Chelmeswyk, Robert Teye, Johan Golofre, chivalers, venantz pur le parlement; [...] quatre, ou trois de eux. (fn. iii-347-249-1) | 54. And then on Thursday 31 January following it was ordained by the king, with the assent of all the estates of parliament, in the course of the said parliament, that the matters contained in the said writing should be determined and finally considered by the good advice and discretion of our lord the king and the advice and discretion of certain commissioners appointed in the matter by authority of parliament; namely, the duke of Lancaster, the duke of York, the duke of Aumale, the duke of Surrey, the duke of Exeter, the marquis of Dorset, the earl of March, the earl of Salisbury, the earl of Northumberland, the earl of Gloucester, or six of them, the earl of Worcester and the earl of Wiltshire, the proctors of the clergy, or one of them, and John Bushy, Henry Green, John Russell, Richard Chelmeswyk, Robert Teye, John Golofre, knights, coming for the parliament; or four or three of them. (fn. iii-347-249-1) |
| Errour pur le conte de Glouc'. | Error for the earl of Gloucester. |
| 55. Item, Thomas le Despenser conte de Gloucestre [...] [editorial note: A deletion also appears in C 65/59 at this point.] bailla a nostre seigeur le roy en plein parlement deux peticions; dont le tenour de l'une ensuit en cestes paroles: | 55. Also, Thomas Despenser earl of Gloucester submitted to our lord the king in full parliament two petitions; the tenor of one of which follows in these words: |
| A nostre tresredoute et soveraigne seignour nostre seignur le roy supplie humblement vostre lige Thomas le Despenser, cont de Gloucestre: qe come Hugh le Despenser le pier, son auncestre, qe heir il est, c'est assavoir pier Hugh, pier Edward, pier Edward, pier le dit suppliant, al parlement tenuz a Westm' as troys semaignes de Seint John Baptistre, l'an du regne de vostre tresnoble besaielle Edward [II] nadgairs roy d'Engleterre quinzisme, (fn. iii-347-254-1) feust erroinousemement, et contre [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'encontre'.] la leye, adjugge d'estre desherite, et exile hors du roialme a touz jours, come par le dit record ent fait pleinement appiert. Et apres, < a > le parlement tenuz a Everwyk < a > les troys semaignes de Pasqe, l'an du regne mesme le besaielle quinzisme susdit, (fn. iii-347-254-2) l'agard du dit exil et disheriteson estoit adnulle et anientee a touz jours, al suyt de dit sire Hugh le pier, a cause qe mesme le dit sire Hugh le pier n'estoit poynt adonqes appelle ne proces fait devers luy solom ceo qe la ley demande; et qe les prelatz adonqes esteantz, qe estoient piers du roialme, a dite agarde de disheritesoun et exil ne assenteront poynt; et a cause qe la dite agarde feust fait soulement par les contes, barons, piers du roialme, et nient par vostre dit tresnoble besaielle, quel feust enblemissement et prejudice de sa corone et sa dignitee roiale, et de ses heirs roys d'Engleterre, et pur aultres pleuseurs errours contenuz en mesme le record, come en ycelle pleinement appiert. | To our most redoubtable and sovereign lord our lord the king, your liege Thomas Despenser earl of Gloucester humbly prays that whereas Hugh Despenser the father, his ancestor, whose heir he is, namely Hugh the father, father of Edward, father of Edward, father of the said supplicant, at the parliament held at Westminster three weeks after St John the Baptist in the fifteenth year of the reign of your most noble great-grandfather Edward [II] late king of England, (fn. iii-347-254-1) was erroneously and contrary to the law adjudged disinherited, and banished from the kingdom forever, as plainly appears in the said record made thereon. And later, at the parliament held at York three weeks after Easter, in the aforesaid fifteenth year of the same great-grandfather, (fn. iii-347-254-2) the decision of the said exile and disinheritance was annulled and expunged for ever, at the suit of the said Sir Hugh the father, because the same Sir Hugh the father had not then been appealed of any matter nor process made against him as the law demands; and because the prelates then present, who were peers of the realm, did not agree at all with the said decision of disinheritance and exile; and because the said decision had been made only by the earls, barons, peers of the realm, and not by your said very noble great-grandfather, which was injurious and prejudicial to his crown and his royal dignity, and his royal heirs of England, and for many other errors contained in the same record, as plainly appears in the same. |
| Qe please a vostre treshaut seignourie de faire venir devaunt vous en cest present parlement les ditz recordes, et de affermer par estatut en cest present parlement la dite droiturele agarde du dite reversaille, solonc la fourme de chescun article contenue en ycelle: et de adnuller une estatut fait a Wymonster lendemayn de la Chaundeleure, l'an du regne vostre aiel primer, (fn. iii-347-255-1) en touz les articles contenuz en mesme l'estatut contrariantz al dite droiturele agarde de reversaille, ou qe sonnent en disheritesoun [p. iii-361][col. a] du dit sire Hugh' en especial, pur Dieu, et en oevre de charitee, et en salvacioun du droit et roiale dignite de vostre coroune. (fn. iii-347-255-2) | May it please your most exalted lordship to summon before you in the present parliament the said records, and to affirm by statute in the present parliament the said rightful award of the said reversal, according to the form of each article contained in the same: and to annul a statute made at Westminster on the morrow of Candlemas in the first year of your grandfather, (fn. iii-347-255-1) in all the articles contained in the same statute contrary to the said rightful award of reversal, or which imply the disinheritance [p. iii-361][col. a] of the said Sir Hugh in particular, for God and as a work of charity, and for the salvation of the right and royal dignity of your crown. (fn. iii-347-255-2) |
| Et le tenour de l'autre ensuit en ces paroles: | And the tenor of the other follows in these words: |
| A nostre tresredoute et sovereigne seignur nostre seignur le roy supplie humblement vostre lige Thomas le Despenser, cont de Gloucestre: qe come Hugh le Despenser le fitz, son ancestre, qe heir il est, c'estassavoir pier Edward, pier Edward, pier du dit suppliant, a le parlement tenuz a Westm' as trois semaignes de Seint Johan Baptistre, l'an du regne de vostre tresnoble besaielle Edward [II] nadgairs roy d'Engleterre quinszime, (fn. iii-347-258-1) fuist erronusement et contre la ley adjugge d'estre desherite, et exile hors du roialme a touz jours, come par le recorde ent fait pleinement appiert. Et apres, a le parlement tenuz a Everwyk a les trois semaignes du Pasqe, l'an du regne de [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'de'.] mesme le besaielle quinszime susdit, (fn. iii-347-258-2) l'agarde du dit exil et disheritesoun estoit adnulle et anientee a touz jours, al suite du dit sire Hugh' le fitz, a cause qe mesme le dit sire Hugh' le fitz n'estoit point adonqes appelle, ne proces fait devers luy, solom ceo qe la ley demande; et qe les prelatz adonqes esteantz, qe estoient piers du roialme, a dite agarde de disheriteson et exil ne assenteront point; et a cause qe la dite agarde fuist fait soulement par les contes, barons, piers du roialme, et nient par vostre dit tresnoble besaielle, quel feust enblemissement et prejudice de sa coroune et de sa dignite roial et de ses heirs roys d'Engleterre, et pur autres pluseurs errours contenuz en mesme le record, come en ycelle pleinement appiert. | To our most redoubtable and sovereign lord our lord the king, your liege Thomas Despenser, earl of Gloucester, humbly prays that whereas Hugh Despenser the son, his ancestor, whose heir he is, namely father of Edward, father of Edward, father of the said supplicant, at the parliament held at Westminster three weeks after St John the Baptist in the fifteenth year of the reign of your very noble great-grandfather Edward [II] late king of England, (fn. iii-347-258-1) was erroneously and contrary to the law adjudged to be disinherited and exiled from the realm forever, as plainly appears from the record made thereon. And afterwards, at the parliament held at York three weeks after Easter, in the aforesaid fifteenth year of the reign of the same great-grandfather, (fn. iii-347-258-2) the sentence of the said exile and disinheritance was annulled and invalidated forever, at the suit of the said Sir Hugh the son, because the same Sir Hugh the son had not then been appealed of any matter nor process made against him, as the law demands; and because the prelates then present, who were peers of the realm, did not agree at all with the said decision of disinheritance and exile; and because the said decision was made solely by the earls, barons and peers of the realm, and not by your said very noble great-grandfather, which was injurious and prejudicial to his crown and his royal dignity and his heirs the kings of England, and for many other errors contained in the same record, as plainly appears in the same. |
| Qe plese a vostre treshaut seignurie de faire venir devaunt vous en cest present parlement les ditz recordes, et de affermer par estatut en cest present parlement la dite droiturel agarde du dit reversaille, solom la forme de chescun article contenu en ycelle, et de adnuller un estatut fait a Westm' lendemain de la Chaundeleure, l'an du regne de vostre aiel primer, en touz les articles en mesmes l'estatut contrariantz al dite droiturele agarde de reversaille, ou qe sonnent en disheritesoun du dit sire Hugh en especial, pur Dieu, et en oevre de charite, et en salvacioun de droit et roiale dignite de vostre corone. (fn. iii-347-259-1) | May it please your most exalted lordship to summon before you in the present parliament the said records, and to affirm by statute in the present parliament the said rightful decision of the said reversal, according to the form of every article contained in the same, and to annul a statute made at Westminster on the morrow of Candlemas in the first year of the reign of your grandfather, (fn. iii-347-259-1) in all the articles in the same statute contrary to the said rightful decision of reversal, or which imply the disinheritance of the said Sir Hugh in particular, for God and as a work of charity, and in salvation of the right and royal dignity of your crown. |
| Apres queux peticions luz devant nostre dit seignur le roy en plein parlement, et clerement entenduz, le roy commanda < et fit faire venir, selonc l'effect des dites peticions, > devant luy en mesme le parlement les ditz recordes et estatut, dont les ditz peticions font mencioun. Les queux recordes feurent luz devaunt le roy en plein parlement, en cestes paroles: | After the which petitions had been read before our said lord the king in full parliament and clearly understood, the king ordered and caused to be brought before him in the same parliament, according to the effect of the said petitions, the said records and statutes of which the said petitions made mention. Which records were read before the king in full parliament, in these words: |
| [memb. 6] | |
| A contemporary marginal note in C 65/59 reads 'De anno .xv.o E. II. | |
| 56. Come nadgairs, a nostre parlement sommons a Westm' < as > trois semaignes de la Nativite Seint Johan le Baptistre proschein passe, (fn. iii-347-263-1) un agard se fist contre sire Hugh le Despenser le fitz et sire Hugh le Despenser le pere par ascuns grantz de nostre roialme; et puis apres, a le Seint Andreu proschein suant, nous feust baille peticioun depar le dit Hugh le fitz en la forme qe s'ensuent: [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 's'ensuet'.] | 56. Whereas lately, at our parliament summoned to Westminster three weeks after the Nativity of St John the Baptist last past, (fn. iii-347-263-1) a judgment was made against Sir Hugh Despenser the son and Sir Hugh Despenser the father by some magnates of our realm; and then afterwards, on the feast of St Andrew following [30 November 1321], we were delivered a petition on behalf of the said Hugh the son in the following form: |
| A nostre seignur le roy monstre < le > < seon > lige, si lui plest, Hugh le Despenser le fitz, qe pleuseurs oppressions, grevances, reprises, arsons, homicides, qe home lui ad fait, tant, sire, come il ad este ove vous et en vostre service en office du chamberlein, par assignement du plein parlement, c'estasavoir, sire, qe le counte de Hereford, monsire Roger de Mortimer le nevou, monsire Roger de Mortimer l'uncle, monsire Roger Damory, monsire Johan de Moubray, monsire Hugh d'Audele le pere, monsire Hugh d'Audele le fitz, monsire Roger de Clifford, monsire Johan Giffard de Brymmesfeld, monsire Morice de Berkele, monsire Henri le Tyes, monsire Johan Maltravers, et pluseurs autres, s'entre-aillierent par serementz et par escriptz, del dit monsire Hugh' le Despenser [col. b] pursure et destrure: et sur cel lour acorde vindrent touz les avant nomez, ove totes lour retenaunces, le meskerdy proschein apres le feste del Invencioun de la Seinte Croitz, en l'an del dit nostre seignur le roy quatorzisme, a Neuport en Gales, a force et armes, c'estasavoir ove .dccc. hommes d'armes, ove la banere nostre dit seignur le roy de ses armes desplie, et ove .d. hobelours, et .xm. hommes a pee, d'entrer en totes les terres qe le dit Hugh' le Despenser le fitz avoit en Gales, pur les destruire. Et ove mesme le poer et mesme la force assegerent ses villes et ses chastelx, et les pristrent par force, et tuerent partie de ses gentz, c'estasaver sire Johan Jwayn, Mahu de Gorges, et altres bien a .xv. galeis; et partie naufrerent et mahimerent, sicome sire Phelipp' Joce; et partie pristrent et emprisonerent, sicome sire Rauf de Gorges qe demoert uncore en prisone, monsire Philipp' Joce, sire Johan de Fresyngfeld, sire Johan de Donestaple, William de Donestaple, et pleuseurs altres qe estoient puis lessez par rancoun: et les biens et les chateux le dit Hugh le fitz en les ditz villes et chastels troves pristrent, emporterent, et amenerent, c'estasavoir .xl. destrers, et armures pur .cc. hommes nettementz armetz, et altres garnestures es ditz villes et chastelx, come engyns, espringals, arbelastes, launces, quarreux et autres necessaries; et vitailles, come bledz, vins, miel, et seel, chars, pessoun, et autres diverses vitailles bosoinables, bien a la mountance de .mm.li.: et toutz les chartres, remembrances, < et > munimentz al dit Hugh leintz trovez pristrent et arderent, a ses damages de .mm.li.;. Et partie des portes et mesons es ditz chasteux arderent, et ses fenestres, serures, et plumb enracerent, ousterent, et emporterent, et pluseurs autres damages enfirent, et en empirement des chasteux de .mm.li.. Les nouns des chasteux issint prises et destrutz en sont, Neuport, Kaerdyf, Kerfilli, Lantrissane, Talnan', Lamblethian', Kenefeg, Neoth', Drusselan, et Dinevor. | To our lord the king, if it please him, his liege Hugh Despenser the son shows that many oppressions, injuries, seizures, arsons and homicides that were done when, sire, he was with you and in your service in the office of chamberlain, by the assignment of full parliament, namely, sire, that the earl of Hereford, Sir Roger Mortimer the nephew, Sir Roger Mortimer the uncle, Sir Roger Damory, Sir John Mowbray, Sir Hugh Audley the father, Sir Hugh Audley the son, Sir Roger Clifford, Sir John Gifford of Brimpsfeld, Sir Maurice Berkeley, Sir Henry le Tyes, Sir John Maltravers and many others, were bound to each other by oaths and writing to pursue and destroy Sir Hugh Despenser: [col. b] and upon that their agreement all the aforesaid came, with all their following, on the Wednesday next after the feast of the Invention of the Holy Cross, in the fourteenth year of our said lord the king [6 May 1321], to Newport in Wales, with force and arms, that is to say with eight hundred men-at-arms, with the banner of our said lord the king with his arms displayed, and with five hundred hobelars and ten thousand foot soldiers, to enter all the lands which the said Hugh Despenser the son had in Wales, to destroy them. And with the same power and the same force they beset his towns and castles, and took them by force, and killed some of his men, namely Sir John Iwayn, Mahu de Gorges, and some fifteen other Welshmen; and some they wounded and maimed, like Sir Philip Joce; and some they captured and imprisoned, like Sir Ralph de Gorges who still remains in prison, Sir Philip Joce, Sir John Fressingfeld, Sir John Dunstaple, William Dunstaple and many others, who were later released for a ransom: and they seised and carried off the goods and chattels of the said Hugh the son found in the said towns and castles, that is to say forty chargers, and weapons for two hundred men fully armed, and other provisions in the said towns and castles, such as siege-engines, catapults, crossbows, lances, quarrels and other necessaries; and victuals such as corn, wine, honey and salt, meat, fish and divers other necessary victuals, amounting to almost £2,000: and all the charters, remembrances, and muniments of the said Hugh found therein they took and burned, to his loss of some £2,000. And they burnt some of the gates and lodgings in the said castles, and tore down, removed and carried off their windows, locks and lead, and damaged them in many other ways, and inflicted £2,000 worth of damage on the said castles. The names of the castles thus taken and destroyed are Newport, Cardiff, Caerphilly, Llantrisant, Talvan, Llanblethian, Kenfig, Neath, Drysllwyn, and Dinefwr. |
| 57. Et ove mesme cel poer et ove mesme cele force demurerent eux illoeqes en ses terres, pur les nettement destruire, bien a quinz jours; deintz quel temps ils firent par force tote la greignure partie de tut le pais jurer d'estre de leur accord, et ceux qe ne vodroient, il pristrent, enprisonerent, raunconerent, et arderent leur mesouns et leur biens. Et en mesme le temps, si estrepperent eux touz ses maners illoeqes, et lui robberent de toutz ses moebles es ditz maners esteantz; c'estasavoir de .lx. grosses jumentz portauntz, ove leur issue de deux auntz, .ij. estalouns, .clx. affres, .iiij. c boefs, .d. vaches, ove leur issue de deux auntz, .xm. barbiz, et de .iiij. c porckes; et de totes autres choses necessaires illoeqes trovez, come chars, charettes, charues, vessele, sauntz nul rien lesser q'il ne pristrent, enchacerent, et emporterent, a ses damages de .mm. < li. > [editorial note: This word is also interlined in C 65/59.] : et partie de ses graunges illoeqes arderent, come a Neuport, et par aillours. | 57. And with that same power and that same force they remained there on his lands to destroy them entirely, for almost fifteen days; in which time they forced the greater part of the country to swear to be of their accord, and those who would not they seized, imprisoned, and ransomed, and they burnt their houses and their goods. And in the meantime they stripped all his manors there, and robbed him of all the moveables in the said manors; that is to say of sixty large beasts of burden, with their issue of two seasons, two stallions, one hundred and sixty draught horses, four hundred oxen and cows, with their issue of two seasons, ten thousand sheep, and four hundred pigs; and all other necessary items found there, such as carts, chariots, ploughs, vessels, without leaving them anything which they could take, remove, and carry off, inflicting damage on him to the value of £2,000: and some of his granges there they burnt, as at Newport and elsewhere. |
| 58. Les nouns de maners issint destrutz, sont, Neuport, Maghai, Dyneles, Ponkarn, Rempny, Rochery, Kerfilli, Blankmoster, Kerdif, Raath, Lyquith, Cogan, Clonn', Radour, Talnan, Lamblethian, Laneltwyt, Bovyerton, Kenefeg, Lanharn, Neoth, Drusselan, et Dynevor. Et totes celes terres et seignuries, come Cantresmaur, Glamargan, et Wenlok, ensemblement ove les commotz de la Galesch', puis cel temps en ca en [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'en'.] ount retenutz, en riflantz, et en destruantz, et en levantz quant q'il emporrent faire; c'est asaver son croupe en terre sierent et emporterent, a ses damages de .mm.li.. Et des dettes qe homme lui devoit illoeqes, par aspertez et coherciouns de ses dettours en ount levez, qe amountent bien a .mmm.li.; ensemblement ove les rentes, fermes, et autres costumes, q'amounte a ceo bien pres a .m.li.; et destruantz le boys; et uncore issi les retienent, tut temps damage fesauntz. Et de illoeqes, ove meisme le poer, et ove mesme la dite force, vindrent en Engleterre sur les chasteux, villes, maners le dit Hugh' le fitz, et ove meisme la [p. iii-362][col. a] force les pristrent et les destruerent, come en coupauntz boys, enchaceantz chacz et parks, en abatauntz mesouns, en robauntz et en riflauntz quant qe du soen en purroient trover, a ses damages de .xm.li. [editorial note: In C 65/57 this sum is '.m.li.'.] . Et puis susquistrent toutz ses amis et toutz ses gentz, et les uns pristerent, et les une raunconerent, et les uns riflerent, et les uns emprisonerent, a grant grevaunce d'eux. Et puis par meismes celes aspertees et duresces firent il lever tote la greignure partie du poeple contre lour volunte d'estre de leur accord, et d'estre jure a eux. Et issi ove tote leur force et poer a [editorial note: C 65/57 substitutes 'ove' for 'a'] force et armes vindrent il au parlement nostre dit seignur le roy a Westm', (fn. iii-347-268-1) et illoeqes par feintes et noun verreies enchesouns, saunz appeler le dit Hugh' en respouns, countre tote manere de resoun et droiture, et encontre ley de terre, erroinement agarderent le dit Hugh d'estre desheritez, et exiletz du roialme d'Engleterre. Dount le dit Hugh' le fitz prie a nostre seignur le roy, desicome il est tenu par droit de sa corone, et par le serement q'il fist a son coronement de meintenir touz gentz en droiture, qe lui plese fair venir devant son corps demene le proces de cel agard fait devers le dit Hugh', et le dit proces faire examiner. Et qe le dit Hugh soit receu de monstrer les errours sur ceo, et si errour soit trove en cel proces, qe lui plese les ditz errours repeller et redresser, et sur ceo faire outre ceo qe droit et resoun voudra demaunder; et le dit Hugh' enapres serra prest d'estere a droit, et a respoundre a chescuny pleinte solom resoun. | 58. The names of the manors thus destroyed are Newport, Machen, Dowlais, Ponkarn, Rhymney, Rethery, Caerphilly, Whitchurch, Cardiff, Roath, Leckwith, Cogan, Clun, Radnor, Talnan, Llanblethian, Llantwyt, Bonyerton, Kenfig, Llanhari, Neath, Dryslyn, and Dynevor. And all those lands and lordships like Cantref Mawr, Glamorgan, and Wenlock, together with the commotes of the Welsh, which they have retained from then until now, pillaging and destroying and levying whatever they could; namely the crop of his land they reaped and carried off, costing him £2,000. And they have levied the debts which were owed him there, through duress and coercion of his debtors, which amount to nearly £3,000; together with the rents, farms, and other customs which amount to almost £1,000; and destroying the woodland; and still they thus retain them, doing damage all the time. And from there, with the same power, and with the same force, they came to England against the castles, towns, and manors of the said Hugh the son, and with the same [p. iii-362][col. a] force they took and destroyed them, felling woods, hunting chases and parks, and demolishing houses, stealing and pillaging whatsoever of his they could find there, to his loss of £10,000. And then they attacked all his friends and his men, some of whom they captured, some they ransomed, and some they robbed, and some they imprisoned, to their great injury. And then by that same coercion and duress they compelled the greater part of the people, against their will, to be of their party and to be sworn to them. And so with all their force and power at force and arms they came to the parliament of our said lord the king at Westminster, (fn. iii-347-268-1) and there for false and dishonest reasons, without calling the said Hugh to answer, against all manner of right and reason, and against the law of the land, they wrongfully decided that the said Hugh should be disinherited and exiled from the kingdom of England. Wherefore the said Hugh the son prayed of our lord the king, since he was bound by right of his crown, and by the oath he had made at his coronation to maintain all people in right, that it might please him to cause to come before his own person the process of the decision made against the said Hugh, and to cause the said process to be examined. And that the said Hugh should be allowed to show the errors therein, and if error was found in that process, that it might please him to repeal and redress the said errors, and thereon to do further whatsoever right and reason would require; and the said Hugh would later be ready to stand to the law and answer any complaint according to reason. |
| Et le dit Hugh' le Despenser le fitz monstre les errours du dite proces, en ceo qe les ditz grauntz, en pursuauntz et destruauntz le dit Hugh notoirement, sicome est susdit, et ceo apercerent, enpriauntz pardoun a nostre seignur le roy de totes choses qe puissent estre notez a felonies ou trespas en la pursuite susdite, empristrent de leur auctorite propre, et se firent juges sur le dit Hugh' torcenousement et volentrivement, la ou eux ne poient ne deveient estre juges; et issy la dite agard se fist saunz juge. Item, errour de ceo qe le dit Hugh' n'estoit appeletz en court, ne a respouns, la ou la dite agard se fist. Item, errour de ceo qe le dit agard se fist saunz assent des prelatz, qe sount piers en parlement. Item, errour de ceo qe les ditz grauntz n'avoient nul record en lour pursute demene sur les causes contenues en leur agard. Item, errour de ceo qe l'agard se fist contre la forme de la grant chartre des franchises d'Engleterre, en la quele est contenu, Qe nulli ne soit forjugge, ne en autre manere destruit, sinoun par leal juggement de ses piers, ou par la ley de la terre (fn. iii-347-270-1) Item, cher seignur, voillez avoir regard de ceo qe les ditz grauntz, somouns de venir a vostre parlement en due manere, vindront nounduement as chivaus et armes, et ove tote leur force. | And the said Hugh Despenser the son shows the errors in the said process, for that the said magnates, in pursuing and destroying the said Hugh notoriously, as was said above, and as they conferred, asking pardon of our lord the king of all things which might be taken for felony or trespass in the aforesaid pursuit, undertook of their own authority to appoint themselves judges of the said Hugh wrongfully and wilfully, even though they could not nor ought not to be judges; and so the said judgment was made without a judge. Also, there was error for that the said Hugh was not appealed in court nor called to answer, even though the said judgment was made. Also, there was error for that the said judgment was made without the assent of the prelates, who were peers in parliament. Also, there was error for that the said magnates had no record of their own suit in the matters contained in their decision. Also, there was error for that the decision was made against the form of the Great Charter of the liberties of England, in which it is stated - That no man should be judged, nor ruined in any other manner, but by the lawful judgment of his peers, or by the law of the land. (fn. iii-347-270-1) Also, dear lord, may you consider that the said great men, summoned to come to your parliament in due manner, came improperly with horses and arms, and with all their power. |
| Et sur ceo vint le dit Hugh le fitz et se rendi come prisoun en nostre garde, empriant, qe nous lui vousissons receivre en nostre proteccioun a suir sa dite querele, et qe droit lui fuist fait en les choses susditz: et nous a ceo duement luy receumes, sicome faire devioms, et feismes bailler la dite peticion [editorial note: C 65/57 and 59 substitute 'proteccion' for 'peticion'; The first four letters of the latter word in C 65/58 are over an erasure.] al arcevesqe de Cauntirbirs, evesqes, et altres prelatz et clergie de la province de Cauntirbirs adonqes esteauntz al council provincial a Londres, enchargeantz eux, en la foi q'il nous devoient, q'il se avisassent de celle peticion, et q'il nous endeissent leur advis et lour counseil. Et eux, eu sur cele bosoigne bon avisement, nous respoundirent, q'il sembla a eux, qe le dit agard, quant al exil et la desheritaunce le dit sire Hugh le fitz, et sire Hugh le Despenser le pier, feust erroine, et torcenousement fait. Par quei il se accorderent et assentirent uniement come piers de la terre, et nous conseillerent, empriant come nos piers espiritals, qe la dite agard qe [col. b] feust peccherousement et torcenousement, countre Dieu et tote manere de droit, voussissoms repeller et anientir pur touz jours. Et disoient outre, q'eux, ne nul de eux, unqes n'assenti al dite agard, eintz qe chescun de eux, al temps qe cel agard se fist, fist protestacioun en escript, q'il ne voloit, ne ne poet, a ceo assentir par plusours enchesons. Et monsire Esmoun, nostre frere, cont de Kent, monsire Johan de Bretaigne counte de Richemund, monsire Aymer de Valence counte de Pembrok, et monsire Esmoun counte d'Arundell', presentz devant nous et les ditz prelatz, disoient qe la dite agard fuit torcenous, et countre lei et droit: et nous prierent ausicome les ditz prelatz et ovesqe les [editorial note: C 65/57 adds 'ditz'.] prelatz, qe nous feissons le dite agard repeller et anentir, ausicome firent les ditz prelatz. Et disoient les ditz countes de Richemound, de Pembrok, et d'Aroundell', qe l'assent q'il fesoient al dite agard feust fait pur doute de la force noundue qe les ditz grauntz subdeinement amenerent al dit parlement et a cel agard faire: de la quele force les ditz countes ne feurent pointz avisez. Et qe de ce q'il nous conseillerent adonks de soefrir cel agarde par la dite force noundue, il mespristerent grantement devers < nous. > De quei ils nous prierent pardoun. | And thereupon the said Hugh the son came and surrendered himself as a prisoner into our keeping, requesting that we might receive him under our protection to sue his said cause, and that right might be done him in the aforesaid matters: and we duly received him thereto, as we ought to do, and caused the said petition to be submitted to the archbishop of Canterbury, bishops, and other prelates and clergy of the province of Canterbury then being at the provincial council in London, charging them, upon the faith they owed to us, that they discuss the petition and inform us of their advice and counsel thereon. And they, having thoroughly discussed this matter, replied that it seemed to them that the decision as to the exile and disinheritance of the said Sir Hugh the son and Sir Hugh Despenser the father was erroneous and wrongfully made. Whereupon they were in unanimous agreement and consent as peers of the land, and they advised us, praying us as our spiritual peers, that we repeal and invalidate forever the said decision which [col. b] was sinful and wrongful, contrary to God and all manner of right. And they further said that neither they nor any one of them had ever assented to the said judgment but that each of them, at the time when the said decision was made, had protested in writing that he would not and could not agree to this for many reasons. And Sir Edmund, our brother, earl of Kent, Sir John of Brittany earl of Richmond, Sir Aymer de Valence earl of Pembroke, and Sir Edmund earl of Arundel, present before us and the said prelates, said that the said decision was wrongful and against law and right: and they too prayed of us, like the said prelates and with the prelates, that we might cause the said decision to be repealed and annulled, as the said prelates had done. And the said earls of Richmond, Pembroke and Arundel said that the assent which they had given to the said decision had been done through fear of the undue force which the said great men had brought, without warning, to the said parliament and to the making of the judgment: of which force the said earls had not been informed at all. And that in so far as they had advised us then to allow the said decision by the said undue force, they offended greatly against us. For which they prayed pardon of us. |
| 59. Et puis apres une altre peticioun nous estoit baille depar le dit [editorial note: C 65/57 adds 'sire'.] Hugh le Despenser le pier, en la forme qe s'enseut: | 59. And then later another petition was submitted to us on behalf of the said Hugh Despenser the father, in the following form: |
| A nostre seignur le roy monstre le seon lige, si lui plest, Hugh le Despenser le pier, qe plusours oppressiouns, grevances, reprises, et arsouns qe hom lui ad fait, a tort et encontre la pees, c'est asaver, qe le conte de Hereford, monsire Roger de Mortimer le nevou, monsire Roger de Mortimer l'uncle, monsire Roger Damory, monsire Johan de Moubray, monsire Hugh d'Audele le pere, monsire < Hugh > d'Audele le fitz, monsire Roger de Clifford, monsire Johan Giffard de Brymmesfeld, monsire Moritz de Berkeleye, monsire Henry Tyeis, monsire Johan Maltravers, cheveteins, ove lour adherdauntz et leur alliez, a force et armes vindrent, le jour de Seint Barnabe, l'an quatorzisme, al manoir le dit Hugh' le pere de la Fasterne, et le dit maner, et les maners de Wotton' Basset, Tockenham, Brotetoune, Compton', Wynterbourne, Berewyk, Send Uphaven', Merden', Netheruphaven, Chelesworth', Mersshton', Somerford, Hampton', Eton, Beamys, et les membres, ove les appurtenances, en le conte de Wilteshire; | To our lord the king, if it please him, his liege Hugh Despenser the father shows that many oppressions, injuries, seizures and arsons had been committed against him wrongfully and contrary to the peace, that is to say that the earl of Hereford, Sir Roger Mortimer the nephew, Sir Roger Mortimer the uncle, Sir Roger Damory, Sir John Mowbray, Sir Hugh Audley the father, Sir Hugh Audley the son, Sir Roger Clifford, Sir John Gifford of Brimpsfeld, Sir Maurice Berkeley, Sir Henry Tyeis, Sir John Maltravers, leaders, with their adherents and their allies, came with force and arms, on the day of St Barnabas in the fourteenth year [11 June 1321], to the manor of the said Hugh the father at la Fasterne, and the said manor, and the manors of Wootton Basset, Tockenham, Broughton, Compton, Winterbourne, Berwick, Send, Upavon, Marden, Netheravon, Chelworth, Marston, Somerford, Hampton, Eton, Beamys, and their members, with appurtenances, in Wiltshire; |
| 61. - et les avantditz maners, ove lour force auxi bien de gentz d'armes come de gentz de pee, notoriement entrerent; et trestoutz les biens et chateux, moebles et nient moebles, en les ditz maners esteantz, c'est asaver ses bledz de deux auntz, l'un croupe en graunge et l'autre en terre; et .xxviij. mille berbiz, mille boefs et affres, .mcc. vaches, ove leur issue de deux auntz, .xl. jumentz portauntz, ove lour issue de deux auntz, .clx. chivaux charetters, .iim. [p. iii-363][col. a] porkes, .ccc. chevers; .xl. toneux de vyn, .dc. bacouns, .iiij. xx carcoys de boef, .dc. motouns en larder, et .x. toneux de sithre; armurs pur .cc. hommes, et autres chateux, come arbelastes, quarreux, launces, chars, charettes ove lour attir, eschekers faitz de noitz muge d'une part et de la racyne de gingure d'autre part, ove treis peirs meines de cristalle, et tables de ivoir, ove la meisne de ivoir et de ban; et autres necessaries, come peissoun, et autres vitailles necessaries, vessel de arein et de plum: et les estaungs vivers des ditz maners bruserent, et le pessoun emporterent, saunz rien lesser: hoeus, serrures, fers, fenestres, et plumb des mesouns des ditz maners aracerent et emporterent, et toutz ses altres biens et chateux destruierent, et ses mesouns a Cumpton' et aillours arderent et abaterent, et les rentes et dettes qe homme luy devoit par toutz les ditz maners par coherciouns des ditz dettours ount leve et emporte, et ses parks et ses hais des ditz maners destruit, copez, vendutz, et emportez, et les bestes savages pris et enchaces: et surquistrent [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'suisquistrent'.] ses alliez, et ses tenantz, et ses hommes, et les emprisonerent, riflerent, raunconerent, a < greves > damages le [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'del' and C 65/59 reads 'de le'.] dit Hugh' de .xxx. milleli.. Et mesme cel temps mesme ceux entrerent l'abbeie de Stanleye, et illoeqes debriserent ses cofres, et .m.li.. d'argent emporterent, et ses chartres, et altres munimentz, lettres obligatories, coupes d'or et d'argent, et autre vessele d'argent, et autres jueaux, a ses damages de .xm.li. [editorial note: In C 65/57 this sum is '.m.li.'. In C 65/59 '.xm.li.' is written over an erasure.] Et en mesme cel temps, entrerent le chastel nostre seignur le roy de Marlebergh' les avantditz mesfesours a force et armes; et les biens le dit Hugh' illoeqes troves pristrent et emporterent; c'estasaver, .xxxvi. saks de leine, .vi. peire de riches vestimentz, librarie, et un coupe d'or a mettre einz le corps Nostre Seignur, et une croitz d'or, et une autre ivoir et de iban, et autres ournementz appendantz a sa chapele, draps d'or, tapitz, coverliz, et pluseurs altres choses de sa garderobe, et entierment tote sa garderobe illoeqes et aillours pristrent et emporterent, a ses damages de .vim.li.. Et puis parmi tieles aspertietz et duresces firent il lever tote la greignure partie de poeple countre lour volente, d'estre de lour accord, et d'estre jurre a eux; et issi, ove tote lour force et poer, a force et armes vindrent il al dit parlement nostre seignur le roy a Westmonster, et illoeqes, par feintes et noun-verreies enchesouns, sauntz appeler le dit Hugh' le pere en respouns, countre totes maneres de resouns et droitures, et encountre ley de terre, erroinement agarderent il le dit Hugh' le pier estre desherite, et exile. | 61. - and they notoriously entered the aforesaid manors, with their force as well of men at arms as men of peace; and they snatched and carried off the goods and chattels, movable and immovable, being on the said manors, that is to say the corn of two years, the one crop in the grange and the other on the land; and twenty-eight thousand sheep, one thousand oxen and cows, twelve hundred cows, with their issue of two seasons, forty beasts of burden, with their issue of two seasons, one hundred and sixty cart-horses, two thousand [p. iii-363][col. a] pigs, three hundred goats, forty tuns of wine, six hundred sides of bacon, eighty carcases of beef, six hundred carcases of mutton in the larder, and ten tuns of cider; mail for two hundred men, and other chattels such as crossbows, quarrels, lances, carts, wagons with their harness, chessboards made partly of nut and partly of ginger-root, with three pairs of sets of crystal, and tables of ivory, with the set of ivory and ebony; and other necessaries, such as fish, and other essential victuals, vessels of bronze and lead: and they drained the fishponds on the said manors, and carried off the fish, leaving none behind: and they tore off and carried away the doors, locks, iron, windows, and lead from the houses of the said manors, and destroyed all the other goods and chattels, and they burnt and damaged his houses at Compton and elsewhere, and levied and carried off the rents and debts which were owed him from all the said manor by coercion of the said debtors, and destroyed, cut, sold, and carried off the pounds and fences of his said manors, and took and drove away the wild animals: and attacked his allies and his tenants and his men, and imprisoned, robbed, and held them to ransom, to the grievous injury of the said Hugh of £30,000. And at the same time the same people entered the abbey of Stoneley, and there broke into his coffers and took £1,000 of silver, and his charters and other muniments, bonds, cups of gold and silver, and other vessels of silver, and other jewels, costing him £10,000. And at the same time the aforesaid malefactors entered the castle of our lord the king at Marlborough with force and arms; and they took and carried off the goods of the said Hugh which they found there; that is to say, thirty-six sacks of wool, six pairs of rich vestments, books, and a gold cup for the Host, and a cross of gold, and another of ivory and ebony, and other ornaments belonging to his chapel, cloth of gold, tapestries, coverlets, and many other things from his wardrobe, and they took and carried off his whole wardrobe there and elsewhere, costing him £6,000. And then by such harshness and duress they caused a great number of the people to be raised to be of their accord, against their will, and to be sworn to them; and so, with all their force and power, they came with force and arms to the said parliament of our lord the king at Westminster, and there, for false and dishonest reasons, without summoning the said Hugh the father to answer, against all manner of reason and right, and against the law of the land, they wrongfully decided that the said Hugh should be disinherited and exiled. |
| Sur quei le dit Hugh prie a nostre seignur le roy, si pleisir luy soit, desicome il en est tenu par droit de sa corone, et par le serement q'il en ad fait de sa corone meintenir et totes gentz en droiture, et de redrescer tortz et errours faitz en son roialme, qe luy pleise faire venir devant son corps demene le record et le proces de cel agard fait devers le dit Hugh', et le dit record et proces faire examiner, et s'il troeffre errours en les ditz record et proces, qe lui pleise faire outre graciousement ceo qe droit et resoun voudra demander, et le dit Hugh' enapres serra prest a respoundre a chescun pleint solom resoun. | Whereupon the said Hugh prayed of our lord the king, if it should please him, as he is bound by right of his crown, and by the oath which he had made at his coronation to maintain all people in right, and redress the wrongs and errors committed in his realm, that it may please him to cause the record and process of this decision made against the said Hugh to be brought before his own person, and to cause the said record and process to be examined, and if errors should be found in the said record and process, that it might please him graciously further to do what right and reason demand, and the said Hugh would be ready to answer every charge according to reason. |
| Et surceo, le dit Hugh' le pier monstre les errours du dit proces, en ceo qe les ditz grauntz, enpursuantz et destruantz le dit Hugh' le pere notoirement, sicome est susdit, et [editorial note: C 65/59 adds 'sur'.] ce aparcerent, empriantz pardoun a nostre seignur le roy de totes choses qe puissent estre notez a felonies ou trespas en la pursuit susdite, enpristrent de leur auctorite propre, et se firent juges sur le dit Hugh' le pier torcenousement et volentriement, la [ou] eux ne poeient ne deveient estre juges; et issi la dite agard se fist santz juge. Item, errour de ceo qe le dit Hugh' le pere n'estoit appeletz en court, ne a respouns, la ou le dit agarde se fist. Item, errour de ceo qe le dit agard se fist sauntz assent des prelatz, qe sount pieres en parlement. Item, errour de ceo qe les ditz [col. b] grauntz avoient nul record en lour pursute demene sur les causes contenues en lour agard. Item, errour de ceo qe l'agard se fist countre la fourme de la graunt chartre des franchises d'Engleterre, en la quele est contenu, Qe nul ne soit forjugge, n'en autre manere destruit, sinoun par leal juggement de ses pieres, ou par la lei de la terre. (fn. iii-347-282-1) Item, cher seignur, voillez aver regard de ceo qe les ditz grauntz, somouns de venir a vostre parlement en due manere, vindrent nounduement as chivaux et armes, et ove tote lour force. | And thereupon the said Hugh the father showed the errors in the said process, in that the said magnates, in notoriously pursuing and destroying the said Hugh, as was said above, and admitting it, praying for pardon from our lord the king of all things which might be matters of felony or trespass in the aforesaid pursuit, undertook of their own authority to appoint themselves judges of the said Hugh the father wrongfully and wilfully, even though they neither could nor ought not to have been judges; and so the said decision was made without a judge. Also, there was error in that the said Hugh the father was not summoned to court, nor to answer, although the said judgment was made. Also, there was error in that the said judgment was made without the assent of the prelates, who are peers in parliament. Also, there was error in that the said [col. b] great men had no record of their own suit on the matters contained in their award. Also, there was error in that the decision had been made against the form of the Great Charter of the liberties of England, in which it is stated, That no man shall be condemned, nor ruined in any other way, except by the lawful judgment of his peers, or by the law of the land. (fn. iii-347-282-1) Also, dear lord, may you consider that the said magnates, summoned to come to your parliament in the due manner, came in an improper manner, with horses and arms, and with all their force. |
| Et apres cele peticioun a nous livere depar le dit Hugh le pier, mesme celi Hugh' le pier vynt a nous et se rendi come prisoun en nostre garde, enpriaunt, qe nous luy voussissoms receivre en nostre proteccioun a suir sa dite querele, qe droit luy feust fait et resoun en ceste partie; et nous a ceo duement luy receumes, sicome faire devioms. Et nous apres, a nostre parlement somouns a Everwyk as treis semeins de Pasch', en l'an de nostre regne quinszisme, (fn. iii-347-284-1) feismes venir devant nous le proces del dit agard, a la suite des ditz Hugh' le fitz et Hugh' le pier, en cestes paroles, Al honour de Dieu, et de seinte esglise, et de nostre seignur le roy, de lui et de son roialme, et a pees et quiete maintenir en son poeple, et pur meintienement del estat de la corone, lui mustrent prelatz, countes, barouns, et les altres pieres de la terre, et commune du roialme, countre sire Hugh le Despenser le fitz et sire Hugh le Despenser le pier: qe come le dit sire Hugh le fitz, a parlement a Everwyk, (fn. iii-347-284-2) feust nome et assentu d'estre en l'office de chamberlein nostre seignur le roy, de servir en cel office, come affereit; a queu parlement feust auxint assentu, qe certeins prelatz et autres grauntz du roialme demurreient pres du roy par sesouns del an, pur mieux conseiller nostre seignur le roy, santz queux nule grosse bosoigne ne se deveroit faire, le dit sire Hugh' le fitz attret a luy sire Hugh < son > pere, qe ne feust assentu ne acorde en parlement < a demurer ensi pres du > roy, et entre eux deux acrochaunt a eux real poer sur le roy, ses ministres, et le guiement de son roialme, a deshonur du roy, enblemissement de la corone, et destruction du roialme, des grantz et du poeple, et fesoient les malveistees southescrites, en cumpassant de esloigner le quoer nostre seignur des piers de la terre, pur avoir entre eux deux soul governement du roialme. En primes, qe sire Hugh' le Despenser le fitz feust corouce devers le roy, et sur ceo corouce fist une bille, sur la quele bille il voloit avoir en alliance de sire Johan Giffard de Brymmesfeld, et sire Richard de Gray, et d'autres, de aver mesme le roy par asperte a faire sa volente, issi qe en lui ne remist mie q'il ne le eust fait. La tenur de la bille s'ensuist southescrit: [editorial note: A near contemporary marginal note accompanying the above passage in C 65/59 reads 'Nota hic processum et causas exilii'.] | And after that petition had been submitted to us on behalf of the said Hugh the father, the same Hugh the father came to us and surrendered himself as a prisoner in our keeping, praying that we might take him into our protection to sue his said complaint, that right and reason in the matter might be done him; and we duly received him thereto, as we ought to do. And later, at our parliament summoned to York three weeks after Easter in the fifteenth year of our reign, (fn. iii-347-284-1) we caused the process of the said award to be brought before us, at the suit of the said Hugh the son and Hugh the father, in these words: - To the honour of God and of holy church and of our lord the king, of him and his kingdom, and to keep peace and quiet among his people, and to maintain the estate of the crown, the prelates, earls, barons, and other peers of the land, and the commons of the realm, show to him, against Sir Hugh Despenser the son and Sir Hugh Despenser the father: whereas the said Sir Hugh the son, at the parliament at York, (fn. iii-347-284-2) was named as and accepted in the office of chamberlain of our lord the king, duly to serve in that office; at which parliament it was also agreed that certain prelates and other great men of the realm should remain close to the king throughout the year, the better to counsel our lord the king, without whom no important item of business ought to be conducted; the said Sir Hugh the son drew to his cause Sir Hugh his father, who had not assented nor agreed in parliament thus to remain close to the king, and between the two of them they accroached to themselves royal power from the king, his ministers, and the governance of the kingdom, to the dishonour of the king, impairment of the crown, and the destruction of the realm, and of the great men and the people, and they committed the other misdeeds written below, plotting to distance the affection of our lord from the peers of the land, to have sole government of the kingdom between the two of them. Firstly, that Sir Hugh Despenser the son was angry with the king, and in that anger made a bill, in which bill he sought, in alliance with Sir John Giffard of Brimfield, and Sir Richard Gray and others, to make the king do his will by duress, so that the king would conform only to his will. The tenor of the bills follows below: |
| Homage et serement [memb. 5] de ligeaunce est plus par resoun de la corone qe par resoun de la persone le roy, et plus se lye a le corone qe a la persone. Et ceo piert, qe avant qe l'estat de la corone soit descendu, nule ligeaunce est a la persone regardaunte: dount si le roy par cas ne se meigne par resoun endroit de la corone, les liges sont liez par serement fait a la corone de remenir le roy et l'estat de la corone par reson. Et autrement ne serroit point le serement tenuz. Ore fait a demander, coment l'ein doet mever le roy, ou par sutee de lei, ou par asperte. Par sutee de ley ne lui poet homme pas redrescer, car il n'aueroit pas juges si ceo [editorial note: C 65/57 substitutes 's'il' for 'si ceo'.] ne soit depar le roy. En quieu cas, si la volente le roy ne soit acordaunt a resoun, si n'aueroit forsqe < il > errour meintenu et conferme. Dount il covient, pur le serement sauver, qe quant le roy ne voet chose redrescer ne oster q'est pur le commun poeple malveise et damagouse, et pur la corone, ajuger est, qe la chose soit oste par asperte. Q'il est lie par son serement de governer le poeple et ses liges, et ses liges sont liez de governer en eide de lui, et en defaute de lui. Et [p. iii-364][col. a] ausint, par colour, covine, et malveistees, menerent et mal conseilleront nostre seignur le roy, si qe sa presence, quele il doit de son dever monstrer a les grauntz et a son poeple, et a les graces et droit qe eux luy requerreient respoundre, ne le [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'luy'.] fist point, forsqe a la volente et a la taille les ditz sire Hugh' et sire Hugh', en ostaunt le roy de seon dever, contre son serement, et les quoers des grauntz et du poeple de lour seignur lige. Auxint, meisme ceux, par lour faux covine ne soeffrirent pas les grauntz du roialme, ne les bons conseillers le roy, parler ne approcher au roy, pur lui bien conseiller, ne le roy parler a eux, forsqe en la presence et l'oy les ditz sire Hugh' et sire Hugh', ou l'un d'eux, et a lour volente, et solonc lour taille et chose qe voleient, en rebotant les grauntz et les bons conseillers le roi de leur bone volente vers lour seignur lige, et acrochaunt a eux real poer, mestrie, et sovereinte sur la persone le roi, a grant dishonur et peril du roy, de la corone, et de son roialme. Auxint, meismes ceux, pur atteindre a leur malveistes et coveitises, a desheritaunce de la terre, et destruccion du poeple, osterent bons et covenables ministres qe feurent mys par assent, et mistrent autres faus et malveis de leur covin, qe ne soeffrirent droit estre fait; et viscontes, eschetours, conestables des chasteux, et autres, en les offices du roy, nient covenables pur le roy ne pur le poeple. Et fesoient mettre justices nient conissantz en lei de terre, d'oier et terminer les choses touchauntz les grauntz et le poeple du roialme, sicome le dit sir Hugh le pier, sire Rauf Basset, et sire Rauf de Camoys, et sire Johan Inge, et autres lour alliez et jurez especialment, et par covine de tieux ministres, et lour faus procurours et fautours, fausement fesoient enditer par faus jurrours de lour alliaunce les piers de la terre, c'est asaver le counte de Hereford, monsire Johan Giffard de Brymmesfeld, et monsire Robert de Mohaut, et autres bons gentz, par coveitise d'aver lour terres. Et issint, ceo qe deust estre a le meintenaunce de la pees et des bons, et punissement des malveis, menerent a desheritaunce des grauntz, et destruccion du poeple. | 'The homage and oath [memb. 5] of allegiance are more by reason of the crown than by reason of the king's person, and attach more to the crown that to the person. And so it seems that before the estate of the crown descends, no allegiance pertains to the person: so that if the king by chance does not act according to the reason and right of the crown, the lieges are bound by the oath made to the crown to direct the king and the estate of the crown by reason. Otherwise the oath would not be upheld at all. Now let it be asked how one should move the king, by suit of law or by duress? A man cannot gain redress by suit of law, since he will have no judges if it be not on behalf of the king. Whereupon, if the king's will does not accord with reason, he will have nothing except maintenance and confirmation of error. Therefore it is necessary, to save the oath, that when the king will not redress some matter or put away that which is wicked and dangerous for the common people and for the crown, it follows that the thing must be corrected by force. For he is bound by his oath to govern the people and his lieges, and his lieges are bound to act in his support, and in his default.' And [p. iii-364][col. a] thus, by deceit, scheming and misdeeds, they misled and ill-counselled our lord the king, so that his presence, which it was his duty to show to the great men and people, and the graces and right which they asked him to answer, were not granted at all, except at the will and at the bidding of the said Sir Hugh and Sir Hugh, in ousting the king from his duty, against his oath, and the affection of the magnates men and people for their liege lord. Also, the same men, by their false plotting did not allow the magnates of the realm, or the good councillors of the king, to speak with or approach the king, to counsel him well, nor the king to speak with them, except in the presence and hearing of the said Sir Hugh and Sir Hugh, or one of them, and at their will and bidding and as they chose, rebuffing the king's great men and good councillors from their good will against their liege lord, and accroaching royal power, mastery, and sovereignty upon their persons at the king's expense, to the great dishonour and peril of the king, of the crown, and of his kingdom. Also, those same, to accomplish their misdeeds and desires, to the disinheritance of the land and the destruction of the people, put aside good and suitable ministers who had been appointed by consent, and appointed others false and wicked of their own, who would not allow right to be done; and sheriffs, escheators, constables of castles, and others, in the offices of the king, unsuitable for the king and his people. And they caused to be appointed justices who were unlearned in the law of the land, to hear and determine matters touching the great men and people of the kingdom, such as the said Sir Hugh the father, Sir Ralph Basset and Sir Ralph Camoys, and Sir John Inge, and others allied and sworn to them especially, and by the conspiring of such ministers, and their false procurers and agents, they caused to be indicted falsely, by false jurors of their alliance, the peers of the land, namely the earl of Hereford, Sir John Giffard of Brimsfield, and Sir Robert Mohaut, and other good men, through a desire to have their lands. And so, that which ought to be for the maintenance of the peace and of goodness, and the punishment of the wicked, they turned to the disinheritance of great men and the destruction of the people. |
| Auxint, fausement et malveisement conseillerent nostre seignur le roy, d'aler as chivaux et as armes vers les parties de Gloucestre, et lui firent chivacher, et ses gentz armes en celes parties, a coure sur ses bons gentz, countre la fourme de la grant chartre, et l'agard des piers de la terre: et issint par lour faus et malveis conseils voileient aver meu guerre en la terre, a destruction de seinte esglise, et du poeple, pur < leur > querele propre. Ausint, la ou le cont de Hereford, et le seignur de Wygemor, par comandement du roy assignez d'aler de guerre sur Thlewelyn Bren, qe feust leve encountre le roy en Glomorgan, tant come les terres feurent en la mein nostre seignur le roy par la morte le counte de Gloucestre, le dit Thlewelyn se rendi a les ditz seignurs a la volente le roy en sa grace, et ceux seignurs lui promistrent bone grace, et sur tieu condicioun le receurent et luy livererent a nostre seignur le roy, et nostre seignur le roi en tieu forme lui receut. | Moreover, they falsely and wickedly counselled our lord the king to go with horses and arms to the parts of Gloucester, and they caused him to ride with his men-at-arms in those parts, to attack his good people, against the form of the Great Charter and the award of the peers of the land: and thus by their false and wicked counsel they wished to have more war in the land, to the destruction of holy church and of the people, for their own cause. Furthermore, although the earl of Hereford and the lord of Wigmore were appointed on the king's orders to go to war against Llewelyn Bren, who had risen against the king in Glamorgan, because the lands were in the hands of our lord the king through the death of the earl of Gloucester, the said Llewelyn surrendered to the said lords at the king's will in his grace, and those lords promised him good grace, and on such a condition received him and delivered him to our lord the king, and our lord the king received him in such a form. |
| Et pus, tant come les ditz seignurs furent hors de terre, les ditz sire Hugh' le fitz et sire Hugh le pere, q'avoient acroche roial poer sicome desus est dit, pristrent le dit Thlewelyn, et lui menerent a Kaerdyf puis qe sire Hugh' le fitz < feust seisi de sa > purpartie illoeqes; et par lour covine, emparnant jurisdiction la ou nul en ceo cas ne poent par resoun aver, lui firent illoeqes treiner, prendre, decoller et quartroner, felonousement pur chose faite en temps le roy: et ensi purpernant roial poiair et jurisdiccion qe appendeit a la corone, en desheritaunce de la corone et a [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'a'.] deshonur nostre seignur le roy, et des ditz seignurs de Hereford et de Mortimer, et en malveis ensaumple, et grant peril par cas en temps avenir. Et ausint, mal conseillerent nostre seignur le roy de prendre en sa mein les terres et les chateux sire Hugh' d'Audele le fitz, et le forjuggerent de ses terres sauntz due proces, solonc ley de terre, par coveitise d'aver accroche au dit sire Hugh' le Despenser le fitz celes terres: et par [col. b] autres faus compassementz compassa d'avoir les terres monsire Roger Damory, pur aver atteint par tieux faus compassementz al entier du countie de Glouc', en disheritaunce des piers de la terre. Aussint, la ou nostre seignur le roy, par ses lettres patentes desouthe soun grand seal en plein parlement a Westm' granta a count de Warr', qe si mort lui avensit, ses executours puissent avoir ces terres tanqe l'age soun heir; le queu grant, puis la mort le dit counte, le roi conferma a soun parlement a Nicole, (fn. iii-347-287-1) a le request, et par assent de piers de terre, le dit sir Hugh le piere, par meintenance, abette et procurement le dit sire Hugh soun fitz, fist nostre seignur le roi repeller cen fait, sanz enchesoun, et bailler a dit sire Hugh' le pier, pur soun propre profit, la garde de mesmes ceux terres; et issint defesaunt par lour malveis conseille ceo qe le roy lour aveit graunte en ses parlementz, par son bon conseil, et par assent des piers de la terre, a deshonur du roy et encountre droit et resoun. Auxint, meismes ceux ne ount pas suffert nostre seignur le roy prendre renables fins des piers de la terre, et autres, qe sount entre son fee, auxicome ad este usee einz ces hours, mes pur coveitise de atteindre as tieux terres, par poer real a eux accroche, ount fait mettre en tieux bosoignes noun-dues empeschementz, surmettauntz les terres estre forfaitz: come de monsire Johan de Moubray, pur les terres de Gower; et des autres, a damage et deshonur nostre seignur le roy, et countre la lei de la terre, en desheritaunce des grauntz et des autres du roialme, ensi fesant le roy nier droit en parlement, encountre son serement. Auxint, par leur malveis coveitise, et par poer real a eux accroche, ne soeffrerent mie nostre seignur le roy d'oier, et ne droit faire, as grantz de la terre sur la demustraunce qe il fesoient a lui pur lui et pur eux, de la desheritaunce de la corone, et de eux, touchant les terres qe feurent as Templers; et issint par poer real a eux accroche, ount il mene nostre seignur le roy, son conseil, et ses places, qe des choses touchauntz eux ou lour alliez ount empris, et embrace par eux, qe droit ne poet estre fait forsqe a lour volunte, et a damage et a deshonur de nostre seignur le roy, et peril de son serement, et desheritaunce et destruccion de pleuseurs grantz de poeple de son roialme. Et auxint, les elitz as eveschees, abbeies, priories, qe devoient estre de droit [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'de droit estre'.] receu de nostre seignur le roy la ou ils sont en due forme eslitz, ne poeint approcher a nostre seignur le roy, ne ou lui parler de quere sa grace, tantqe il avoient fait fin et frette a sire Hugh' le fitz a sa volunte; ne nul qe eust grace a quere de nostre seignur le roy, ne poeit a nule grace atteindre avant q'il avoit fait fin a lui. Estreceo, la ou Johan de [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'de'.] Lachelegh', et autres, feurent agardez a la prisone pur un trespas q'il avoit fait a la dame de Merk, a damage de la dite dame de mil et .c. mars, dount ils feurent atteintz devant monsire Robert de Maddyngle, et ses conpaignons justices assignetz a oier et terminer ceu trespas, et le dit Johan fust en la prisone de Colecestre par l'agard susdit; sire Hugh le fitz, accrochant a lui roial poer, amena le dit Johan hors de < la > prisone, countre lei de terre, eintz q'il avoit fait gree a l'avantdite dame des damages avantditz, et lui fist vendre sa terre a lui, et lever sur ceo un fin. Les queux malveistes susescritz sont notoirs et verrais, sicome trove est par examinement des countes, barons, et autres piers de la terre. | And then, because the said lords were out of the land, the said Sir Hugh the son and Sir Hugh the father, who had accroached royal power as was said above, took the said Llewelyn and led him to Cardiff because Sir Hugh the son was seised of his portion there; and by their plotting, claiming jurisdiction where they could have none by reason, caused him to be drawn, hanged, beheaded and quartered there, feloniously for something done in the time of the king: and so they encroached upon royal power and jurisdiction which pertain to the crown, to the disherison of the crown and the dishonour of our lord the king and of the said lords of Hereford and Mortimer, and an evil example, which might become a great peril in time to come. And further, they badly advised our lord the king to take into his hands the lands and chattels of Sir Hugh Audley the son, and to forjudge him of his lands without due process according to the law of the land, through the desire of the said Hugh Despenser the son to gain hold of these lands: and by [col. b] other false schemes they plotted to have the lands of Sir Roger Damory, to obtain by such false schemes the entire earldom of Gloucester, to the disinheritance of the peers of the land. Also, whereas our lord the king, by his letters patent under his great seal in full parliament at Westminster granted to the earl of Warwick, that if he should die, his executors might have his lands until his heir should come of age; which grant, after the death of the said earl, the king confirmed at his parliament at Lincoln, (fn. iii-347-287-1) at the request and by the assent of the peers of the land, the said Sir Hugh the father, by the maintenance, abetting and procurement of the said Sir Hugh his son, caused our lord the king to repeal his deed, without reason, and give to the said Sir Hugh the father, for his own profit, the wardship of those same lands; and so undid by their evil counsel that which the king had granted them in his parliaments by his good counsel, and by the assent of the peers of the land, to the dishonour of the king and against right and reason. Also, the same men have not suffered our lord the king to take reasonable fines from the peers of the land and others who are in his fee, as was done in the past, but through covetousness to obtain such lands, by usurpation of royal power, they have interrupted such business with undue hindrances, alleging the lands to be forfeit: as with Sir John Mowbray, for the lands of Gower; and others, to the injury and dishonour of our lord the king, and contrary to the law of the land, in disherison of the great men and others of the realm, thus leading the king to deny right in parliament, against his oath. Also, by their wicked greed and by their accroachment of royal power, they would not suffer our lord the king to hear nor do right to the great men of the land, on the remonstrance which they made to him for himself and for themselves against the disinheritance of the crown, and of themselves, touching the lands which belonged to the Templars; and thus by the royal power they usurped, they have led our lord the king, his council, and his sessions, so that they have undertaken matters touching them or their allies, and so that right cannot be done except at their will, and to the injury and dishonour of our lord the king and the peril of his oath, and the disinheritance and destruction of many great people of his realm. And also, those elected to bishoprics, abbeys and priories, who ought by right to be received by our lord the king when they are elected in due form, cannot approach our lord the king, nor speak with him to seek his grace, until they have paid a fee and favour to Sir Hugh the son at his will; nor can any who have grace to seek from our lord the king obtain any grace until they have made fine with him. And further, whereas John Lashleigh and others were sentenced to prison for an offence they had committed against Lady Merk, causing the said lady damages of one thousand one hundred marks, for which they were convicted before Sir Robert Maddingley and his fellow justices appointed to hear and determine that offence, and the said John was imprisoned at Colchester by the aforesaid sentence; Sir Hugh the son, accroaching to himself royal power, took the said John out of the prison, against the law of the land, before he had compensated the aforesaid lady for the aforesaid damages, and caused him to sell his land to him, and levied a fine thereon. Which misdeeds written below are well-known and true, as was found by questioning the earls, barons, and other peers of the land. |
| Par quei nous, piers de la terre, contes, < et > barons, en la presence nostre seignur le roy, agardoms, qe sire Hugh' le Despenser le fitz, et sire Hugh' le Despenser le pier, soient desheritez a touz jours, come desheritours de la corone, et enemis du roy et de son poeple, et q'il soient del tut exles [sic: read 'exiles'] hors du roialme d'Engleterre, sauntz returner en nul temps, si ceo ne soit del assent nostre seignur le roy, et del assent des prelatz, [p. iii-365][col. a] countes, et barouns, et ceo en parlement duement somouns. Et les donoms port a Dovre, et nule part aillours, a voider et passer hors du roialme d'Engleterre, entre cy et la feste de la decollacion de Seint Johan le Baptistre proschein avenir, ceu jour acounte. Et si les ditz sire Hugh', et sire Hugh', demorgent en le roialme d'Engleterre outre le dit jour qe done lour est de voider et de passer, come desus est dit, ou qe apres le dit jour retournent, adonqes soit fait de eux come des enemis du roy et du roialme. | Wherefor, we, peers of the land, earls and barons, in the presence of our lord the king, have decided that Sir Hugh Despenser the son and Sir Hugh Despenser the father should be disinherited forever, as disinheritors of the crown, and enemies of the king and his people, and that they be exiled forever from the kingdom of England, without returning at any time, if it be not with the assent of our lord the king and the assent of the prelates, [p. iii-365][col. a] earls and barons, and that in a parliament duly summoned. And we assign them the port of Dover, and no other place, by which to leave and go out of the kingdom of England, between now and the feast of the decollation of St John the Baptist next to come [29 August 1321], including that day. And if the said Sir Hugh and Sir Hugh should remain in the kingdom of England beyond the said day which has been given them by which to vacate and leave the realm, as said above, or that after that said day they should return, then let them be treated as enemies of the king and kingdom. |
| Revocacio et adnullacio processus contra Hugonem le Despenser seniorem et Hugonem le Despenser juniorem habiti. [editorial note: C 65/57 transposes the words 'senior' and 'junior'. There is no heading in C 65/59.] | The repeal and annulment of the process against Hugh Despenser senior and Hugh Despenser junior. |
| A queu parlement a Everwyk, (fn. iii-347-292-1) les ditz Hugh' le fitz et Hugh' le pere estoient menetz devant nous en court, et pursuirent lour quereles susditz, et prierent qe nous les feisoms droit en ceste partie. Et le dit Hugh' le fitz pur luy monstra et alegga les errours en < le > proces du dit agard, come est suisdit. Et ensement le dit Hugh' le pere purposa et allegga mesmes les errours pur luy mesmes, et prierent les ditz Hugh', et Hugh', severalment et jointement, qe desicome le dit agarde se fist voluntriement, erroinement, et torcenousement, countre les leis et les usages de roialme, et countre commun droit et resoun, qe nous vousissoms le dit agard anientir et defere, et qe eux soient remis et recounciletz a nostre foi, et a tiel estat come eux avient, et en tiel estat come eux estoient, avant le temps del dit agard solom droit et resoun. Et sur ceo, oiez les resouns les ditz Hugh', et Hugh', feismes le dit proces examiner en plein parlement a Everwyk, en presence des prelatz, countes, barons, chivalers des countez, et le poeple qe estoit venutz par encheson du dit parlement; et trovasmes, qe la dite agard se fist sauntz appeler les ditz Hugh' et Hugh' en respouns, et qe cel agard se fist sauntz l'assent des prelatz qe sont piers du roialme en parlement, et countre la tenure de la grante chartre des fraunchises d'Engleterre, en la quele est contenu, Qe nul fraunc homme ne soit exile, ne en altre manere destruit, forsqe par leal juggement de ses piers, ou par la lei de terre, (fn. iii-347-292-2) et qe les ditz Hugh' et Hugh' n'estoient appeletz en court, ne en respouns, sicome est susdit. Et pur les errours avantditz, et pur ceo qe les causes contenues en la dit agard ne feurent pas duement approvetz; et estre ceo, eauntz regard a ceo, qe nous feismes somoundre nostre dit parlement a Westmonster en due manere, (fn. iii-347-292-3) et mandasmes as ditz grauntz par nos briefs de venir [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'de venir'.] duement a ceu parlement, et sovent en temps devaunt avions comandez et defendu qe alliaunce ne assemble se fist des gentz armetz ne as armes, dount nostre pees poet estre troble, et greignur mal avenir, et qe les ditz grauntz, nient eiauntz regard a nostre mandement, vindrent armetz a nostre parlement a Westm' as chivaux et armes, et a tote lour force, si come est susdit, de la quele nous ne y esteymes devaunt aparceu: et qant les ditz grauntz estoient en tiele manere venutz a Loundres, eux tindrent lour conseil a Loundres et lour assemble, saunz venir a nous a Westm' sicome eux estoient somouns, et sur ceo mandasmes a eux q'ils feussent venutz a nous a Westm' a parlement, come resoun fust, eux venir ne voleint, ne faire asaver a nous lour volunte, ne les causes du dit agard, puis qe nous avioms comence [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'sommence'.] nostre dit parlement, et tenu par .xv. jours et plus, et avioms fait venir devant nous prelatz, et aucuns countes, barouns, [editorial note: C 65/57 adds 'et'.] chivalers des countez, et autres qe vindrent pur la commune du roialme, et fait publier qe toutz yceux qi voleint liverer peticions les feisent liverer; et apres crie de ceo fait, nul peticion n'esteit livere, ne pleinte fait devers les ditz Hugh', et Hugh', tanqe les ditz grauntz vindrent en la manere susdite, et lour counseil del dite agarde de tut devers nous celerent jeskes al hour q'il vindrent a Westm' a force et armes, et nounduement, et firent lour dite agard countre resoun, come de chose trete et acorde entre eux meismes de lour auctorite propre, en nostre absence. Et ensi purpristerent les ditz grauntz sur nostre real poer, jurisdiccioun, [col. b] et conissaunce de proces et de juggement faire des choses qe a nostre real dignite appendent. Par quei nous ne poeismes adonk arester le dite agard nostre droit faire as ditz Hugh' et Hugh' sicome a nous [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'a nous'.] appendeit. Et estre ceo, eauntz regard a ceo, qe les ditz grauntz apres le dite agard fait prierent a nous pardoun et reles de ceo qe eux s'entre-allierent par serement escrit, ou en autre manere, sauntz conge de nous, et en pursuauntz les ditz Hugh' le fitz, et Hugh' le piere, avoient chivauchetz a baners desplietz de nos armes et de lour armes, et pristrent et occuperent chasteux, villes, maners, terres, tenementz, biens, et chateux, et ensement pristrent et emprisonerent gentz de nostre ligeaunce, et autres, et ascuns rindrent, et ascuns tuerent, et autres pluseurs choses fesoient en destruauntz les ditz Hugh', et Hugh', en Engleterre, Gales, et aillours, dount ascuns choses purreient estre ditz trespas, [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'trespasses'.] et aucuns felonies: et ensi apercerent les ditz grauntz q'ils estoient adversairs et malvoillauntz as ditz Hugh', et Hugh', en temps du dite agard, et devaunt; dount eux ne devoient par resoun estre juges sur les ditz Hugh', et Hugh', en leur pursuite demesne, ne record aver sur les causes del dite agard. Et nous, par le serement qe nous feismes a nostre coronement sumes tenutz et obligez de faire droit a touz noz subgiz, et de tortz a eux faitz redrescere et faire amendre qaunt nous ent sumes [editorial note: C 65/59 adds 'ent'.] requis: et qe en la dite grant chartre est contenutz, Qe nous ne nieroms, ne delaierons, a nuli droit ne justice; (fn. iii-347-292-4) et auxi chargeauntz le counseil et la requeste des ditz prelatz queux nous fesoient, pur salutz de nostre alme, et pur peril eschuire, et auxint a la requeste des ditz countes, et pur tollir malveis ensaumple du temps avenir de tieles emprises et juggementz faire [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'faitz'.] en cas semblable, countre resoun, enblemissement de nostre corone, et a grant damage d'autres. Par quei nous veantz et sachauntz les ditz proces et agard, faitz en la manere susdite, estre auxibien en prejudice de nous, et enblemissement de nostre corone et de nostre roial dignite, countre nous et nos heirs, come countre les ditz Hugh', et Hugh'; et par pluseurs autres enchesouns resonables, de nostre real poer, en plein parlement a Everwyk, < par le > counseil et l'assent des prelatz, countes, barons, chivalers des countez, le commun de roialme, et altres a nostre dit parlement a Everwyk esteauntz, le dit agard de tut anientissoms et defesoms del exil les ditz Hugh', et Hugh', et de lour desheritaunce, et quant q'a cel agard touche. (fn. iii-347-292-5) [editorial note: A contemporary note in the margin of C 65/59 at this point reads 'Adnullatio exilii'.] Et meismes ceux Hugh le Despenser le fitz, et Hugh le Despenser le pere, remettoms et recouncilloms plenerement a nostre foi et a nostre pees, et a l'estat q'il avoient, et en tiel estat come eux estoient avant le dit agard en toutz pointz. Et agardoms, qe eux reeient seisine de lour terres et tenementz, biens et chateux, etc. Et voloms et comandoms qe qaunt q'est enroule en les places de nostre court del dite agard, soit chauncelle et anenti pur toutz jours. | To which parliament at York, (fn. iii-347-292-1) the said Hugh the son and Hugh the father were brought before us in court, and they pursued their aforesaid causes and prayed that we might do them right in the matter. And the said Hugh the son for his own part showed and claimed errors in the process of the said judgment, as said above. And then the said Hugh the father proposed and alleged the same errors on his own behalf, and the said Hugh and Hugh prayed severally and together that since the said decision had been made deliberately, erroneously and wrongfully, against the laws and usages of the realm, and against common right and reason, that we might wish to annul and undo the said judgment, and that they might be restored and reconciled to our faith and to such a state as befitted them, and to such an estate as they were in before the time of the said judgment, according to right and reason. And thereupon, having heard the arguments of the said Hugh and Hugh, we caused the said record and process to be examined in full parliament at York, in the presence of the prelates, earls, barons, knights of the shires, and the people who had come by reason of the said parliament; and we found that the said decision had been made without summoning the said Hugh and Hugh to answer, and that it had been made without the assent of the prelates who are the peers of the realm in parliament, and contrary to the tenor of the Great Charter of the franchises of England, in which it says, 'That no free man shall be exiled, or ruined in any other way, except by the lawful judgment of his peers, or by the law of the land', (fn. iii-347-292-2) and that the said Hugh and Hugh had not been summoned to court nor to answer, as was said above. And for the aforesaid errors, and because the causes contained in the said judgment had not been duly approved; and also, bearing in mind that we caused our said parliament at Westminster to be summoned in due manner, (fn. iii-347-292-3) and sent to the said magnates by our writs of summons duly to come to the parliament, and that often before we had ordained and forbidden that any alliance or assembly be made of men armed nor with arms by which our peace might be disturbed and greater evil arise, and that the said magnates, having no regard for our mandate, came armed to our parliament at Westminster with horses and arms, and all their force, as was said above, which we had not before encountered: and when the said magnates had arrived in London in such manner, they held their council at London and their assembly, without coming to us at Westminster as they had been summoned to do, and thereupon we ordered that they appear before us in parliament at Westminster, as demanded, yet have they not come, nor notified us of their will, nor the reasons for the said judgment, since we began our said parliament, and continued it for fifteen days or more, and caused to come before us the prelates and other earls, barons, knights of the shires and others who came for the commons of the realm, and caused it to be published that all those who wished to submit petitions should cause them to be delivered; and after that proclamation had been made, no petition was submitted, nor complaint made against the said Hugh and Hugh, until the said magnates appeared in the aforesaid manner, and their counsel on the said judgment they hid from us until the hour at which they came to Westminster with force and arms, and improperly, and made their said decision against reason, as a matter discussed and agreed amongst themselves on their own authority, in our absence. And thus the said magnates encroached on our royal power, jurisdiction [col. b] and cognizance of process and judgment made on matters which pertain to our royal dignity. Wherefor we could not then stop the said decision to do right to the said Hugh and Hugh, as pertains to us. And further, considering that the said magnates, after the said award had been made, prayed pardon and release from us for having leagued together by written oath, or in other way, without our permission, and in pursuing the said Hugh the son and Hugh the father had ridden with banners of our arms and their arms displayed, and taken and occupied castles, towns, manors, lands, tenements, goods, and chattels, and likewise taken and imprisoned men of our allegiance and others, and some they held, and others they slew, and did many other things in pursuing the said Hugh and Hugh in England, Wales and elsewhere, some of which things could be said to be trespass, and others felonies: and thus the said magnates showed that they had borne enmity and ill will towards the said Hugh and Hugh at the time of the said sentence and before; since they ought not by reason to have been judges of the said Hugh and Hugh in their own suit, nor did they have a record of the reasons for the said judgment. And we, by the oath which we made at our coronation, are bound and obliged to do right to all our subjects, and to redress wrongs done against them and to make amends when we are required to do so: and that in the said Great Charter it is stated, 'That we shall not deny, nor delay justice to anyone'; (fn. iii-347-292-4) and also charging the council and at the request of the said prelates whom we appointed, for the salvation of our soul, and to avoid danger, and also at the request of the said earls, and to prevent an evil example in time to come to such undertakings and judgments to be made in like case, against reason, to the enblemishment of our crown and the great injury of others. Wherefor we - seeing and knowing the said process and decision made in the aforesaid manner to be as well prejudicial to us, and injurious to our crown and our royal dignity, against us and our heirs, as to the said Hugh and Hugh; and for many other just reasons - of our royal power, in full parliament at York, with the counsel and assent of the prelates, earls, barons, knights of the shires, commons of the kingdom and others being at our said parliament at York, entirely annul and undo the exile of the said Hugh and Hugh, and their disinheritance, and whatsoever else touches that sentence. (fn. iii-347-292-5) And the same Hugh Despenser the son and Hugh Despenser the father we do restore and reconcile fully to our faith and our peace and to the estate they had, and in such an estate as they were in before the said sentence in all respects. And we judge that they shall regain seisin of their lands and tenements, goods and chattels, etc. And we do will and command that whatsoever is enrolled in the sessions of our court concerning the said sentence shall be cancelled and annulled forever. |
| Transcriptum judicii predicti missum fuit sub pede sigilli justiciariis de banco, thesaurario, et baronibus de scaccario, et Henrico le Scrop', et sociis suis ad placita coram rege tenenda assignanda, una cum brevi subscripto. | The transcript of the aforesaid judgment was sent under the foot of the seal to the justices of the bench, the treasurer and barons of the exchequer, and Henry le Scrope and his colleagues appointed to hold pleas before the king, together with the following writ. |
| 62. < Rex justiciariis > suis de banco, salutem. Processum cujusdam judicii in pleno presenti parliamento nostro apud Ebor' convocato, (fn. iii-347-296-1) super adnullacione cujusdam consideracionis, in parliamento nostro a < die > Nativitatis Sancti Johannis Baptiste proximo preterito in tres septimanas apud Westm' convocato, (fn. iii-347-296-2) per pares regni nostri contra dilectos et fideles nostros Hugonem le Despenser juniorem, et Hugonem le Despenser seniorem, in nostri et corone nostre prejudicium, erronice facte, vobis mittimus sub pede sigilli nostri, mandantes quod processum predictum coram nobis in banco predicto publicari, et in rotulis ejusdem banci irrotulari, ac consideracionem predictam quam nuper vobis misimus sub pede [p. iii-366][col. a] sigilli nostri, in banco predicto publicandam, et in rotulis ejusdem banci irrotulandam, adnullari et cancellari faciatis. Teste rege apud Ebor' .x. o die Maii. | 62. The king to his justices of the bench, greeting. The process of a certain judgment in our present full parliament gathered at York, (fn. iii-347-296-1) upon the annulment of a certain decision erroneously made in our parliament gathered three weeks after the day of Nativity of St John the Baptist last, (fn. iii-347-296-2) by the peers of our kingdom against our beloved and faithful Hugh Despenser junior and Hugh Despenser senior, to the prejudice of us and our crown, we send you under the foot of our seal, ordering that you cause the aforesaid process to be proclaimed before us in the aforesaid bench, and cause it to be enrolled in the rolls of the same bench, and that you cause the aforesaid decision which we lately sent you under the foot of our [p. iii-366][col. a] seal, proclaimed in the aforesaid bench and enrolled in the same rolls, to be annulled and cancelled. Witnessed by the king at York 10 May [1322]. |
| Per ipsum regem et consilium. | By the king himself and council. |
| Eodem modo scribitur thesaurario et baronibus de scaccario, et Henrico < le Scrop > [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'le Scrop'.] et sociis suis subscriptis. (fn. iii-347-300-1) | In the same way it will be addressed to the treasurer and barons of the exchequer, and Henry le Scrope and his companions, entered below. (fn. iii-347-300-1) |
| 63. Et le dit estatut, dount les ditz billes du dit [...] [editorial note: C 65/59 inserts 'sire' at this point.] Thomas le Despenser counte de Gloucestre < font > mencion, auxi feust luz devant le roy illoeqes, en cestes paroles: | 63. And the said statute, of which the said bills of the said Thomas Despenser earl of Gloucester made mention, was also read before the king there, in these words: |
| Come Hugh le Despenser le piere, et Hugh le Despenser le fitz, nadgares a la sute Thomas adonqes counte de Lancastre et de Leycestre, seneschal d'Engleterre, par commune assent et agard des piers et du poeple du roialme, et par l'assent du roy Edward [II] piere nostre seignur le roy q'ore est, come treitres et enemys du roy et du poeple feussent exilez, disheritez et banniz hors du roiame pur touz jours. [editorial note: A contemporary note in the margin of C 65/59 reads 'Affirmatio dicti exilii anno primo Edwardi tertii.] Puis apres, mesmes ceux Hugh' et Hugh', par malveis conseil qe le dit roy avoit pres de lui adonqes, saunz assent des pieres et du poeple revindrent en dit roialme, et eux et autres abetterent le dit roy Edward [II] a pursuire le dit count de Lancastre, et autres grauntz, et gentz du poeple du roialme; en quele pursuite le dit counte de Lancastre, et autres grauntz et gentz du poeple du roialme, voluntrivement furent mortz et disheritez, et ascuns utlagez, banniz, et desheritez, et ascuns desheritez et emprisonez, et ascuns reintz et desheritez: et apres tieux mauveistes les ditz Hugh', et Hugh', mestre Robert Baldolk, Esmon jadis cont d'Arundell', acrocherent a eux roial poair en tieu manere, qe le dit roy Edward [II] rien ne fist, ne ne voloit faire, fors qe ceo qe les ditz Hugh', et Hugh', Robert, Esmon counte d'Arundell', luy conseillerent, ne feust ceo ja si grant tort. Durant quele accrochement, par durte et par force, countre volunte des gentz de la terre, ils purchacerent terres par fyns levez en la court le dit roy Edward [II], et en autre manere. Et come, apres la mort le dit cont de Lancastre et des autres grauntz, nostre seignur le roy q'ore est, et madame Isabell' roine d'Engleterre sa miere, de la volunte le dit roy Edward [II], et par commun conseil du roialme, a l'assent es parties de Fraunce, a procurer bien de pees entre les deux roialmes de France et d'Engleterre sur ascuns debatz qe adonqes estoient meutz, les ditz Hugh', et Hugh', Robert, Esmon counte d'Arundell', continuantz lour malveste, moverent le corage le dit roy Edward [II] contre nostre seignur le roy son fitz q'ore est, et la dite roine sa compaigne; et par poair roial q'il avoient a eux acrochez, sicome desus est dit, tantz de durte procurerent estre fait, par l'assent du dit roy Edward [II], au dit nostre seignur le roy q'ore est, et a la roigne sa miere, adonqes esteantz dela la mier, qe eux < y > demorerent relinquiz du dit roy Edward [II], et come exilez hors du roialme d'Engleterre. Par quoi il covenist nostre dit seignur le roy q'ore est, et la roine sa miere, ensy mys a sy grant meschiefs de eux mesmes en estraunge terre, et attendauntz les destructions, damages, et oppressions, et disheritesons qe notoirement furent faitz en dit roialme d'Engleterre, sur seinte esglise, prelatz, countes, barons et autres grauntz, et sur le poeple du roialme, par les ditz Hugh', et Hugh', Robert, Esmon counte d'Arundell', par poair roial a eux issint acroche mettre y le bon conseil q'il purroient; et veiantz qe eux ne poent remede mettre fors qe par force, taunt fesoient, q'il vindrent en Engleterre a grant force des gentz d'armes, et par la grace de Dieu, ove cele force, et ove l'eide des grantz, et du poeple du roialme, unt venctuz et destruit les ditz Hugh', et Hugh', Robert, Esmon count d'Arundell'. Dount nostre seignur le roy Edward [col. b] q'ore est, fitz du dit roy Edward [II], qe fut fitz le roy Edward [I] fitz le roy Henry [III], a son parlement [memb. 4] tenu a Westmonster, a son coronement, lendemeyn de la Chaundeleure, l'an de son regne primer, (fn. iii-347-300-1) sur ascuns peticions et requestes qe luy feurent faitz au dit parlement sur les choses motez a desus, par comun conseil des prelatz, countes, barons, et autres grantz, et le comun du roialme illoeqes esteauntz, par son comandement purvist, ordina, et establit, en la fourme qe s'ensuit. | Whereas Hugh Despenser the father and Hugh Despenser the son previously at the suit of Thomas then earl of Lancaster and of Leicester, steward of England, by the common assent and judgment of the peers and people of the realm and by the assent of King Edward [II], father of our lord the present king, were exiled, disinherited, and banished from the kingdom forever as traitors and enemies of the king and of the people. Then later, the same Hugh and Hugh, through the evil counsel which the king then had about him, without the assent of the peers and of the people, returned to the said kingdom, and they and others incited the said Edward to pursue the said earl of Lancaster and other magnates and men of the realm; in which pursuit the said earl of Lancaster and other magnates and men of the realm were wilfully slain and disinherited, and others outlawed, banished and disinherited, and some disinherited and imprisoned, and some held to ransom and disinherited: and after such misdeeds the said Hugh and Hugh, Master Robert Baldock and Edmund lately earl of Arundel accroached royal power to themselves in such manner that the said King Edward [II] did nothing nor wished to do anything except that which the said Hugh, Robert and Edmund earl of Arundel advised him, be it never so great a wrong. During which accroachment, by duress and by force, against the will of the men of the land, they purchased lands by fines levied in the court of the said King Edward [II], and in other ways. And when, after the death of the said earl of Lancaster and other magnates, our lord the present king and Lady Isabelle queen of England his mother, at the will of the said King Edward [II], and by the common counsel of the kingdom, went into the parts of France, to procure a firm peace between the two kingdoms of France and England upon certain disputes which had then been raised, the said Hugh and Hugh, Robert, and Edmund earl of Arundel, continuing their evil, turned the said King Edward [II] against our lord the present king his son and the said queen his companion; and by the royal power which they had accroached, as said above, they procured such duress, with the assent of the said King Edward [II], against our said lord the present king and the queen his mother, being then overseas, that they remained there banished by the said King Edward [II], and as exiles from the kingdom of England. Wherefor, it suited our said lord the present king and the queen his mother, placed thus in great trouble by those men in a foreign land, and awaiting the destruction, damage, and oppression and disinheritances which were notoriously done in the said realm of England against holy church, the prelates, earls, barons and other magnates, and against the people of the kingdom, by the said Hugh and Hugh, Robert, and Edmund earl of Arundel, by the royal power they had thus accroached, to take the best counsel they could; and seeing that they could not provide a remedy except by force, that they did, coming to England with a great force of men-at-arms, and by the grace of God, with that force and with the aid of the magnates and of the men of the realm, they defeated and destroyed the said Hugh and Hugh, Robert, and Edmund earl of Arundel. Wherefor our lord the present King Edward [III], [col. b] son of the said King Edward [II], who was son of King Edward [I], son of King Henry [III], at his parliament [memb. 4] held at Westminster at his coronation, on the morrow of Candlemas in the first year of his reign, (fn. iii-347-300-1) by his command provided, ordained and decreed upon some of the petitions and requests which had been made to him at the said parliament on the things moved above, by the common counsel of the prelates, earls, barons and other great men and the commons of the realm being there, in the form which follows. |
| Primerement, qe nul grant, ou autre de quel estat, dignite ou condicioun q'il soit, qe vindrent ove le dit roy qe ore est, et ove la roine sa miere, en roialme d'Engleterre, ne autres adonqes demorauntz en mesme le roialme, et qe vindrent a dit roy et roine, en leur eide a pursure lour ditz enemys; en quele pursuite le roy le piere fust pursuy, pris, et mys en garde, et uncore demoert en garde; ne soit enpesche, moleste, ne greve, en persone, ne en biens, en la court le roy ne en court d'autri, pur la suyte du dit roy, pris et detenue de son corps, ne pur suyte d'autre, prise des persones, chasteux ou de chateux mortz de homme, ou qeconqes autres choses faitz en la dite pursuyte, du jour qe les avantditz roy et roine arriverent, taunqe au jour du coronement du dit roi. Et n'est pas l'entencion du dit roy, qe mesfesours qe firent trespas [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'trespasses'.] ou autres malx hors de la dite pursuite, soient covert, ne avantage eient de cest estatut, einz q'ils ent soient respoignantz a la ley. Item, qe le repel du dit exil, le quel fust fait par force et par durte, soit anienti et nul a toutz jours; et qe mesme cel exil fait par agard des pieres et du poeple, et par assent du roy, si come desus est dit, tiegne sa force en toutz pointz, solonc la tenur de chescun article contenu en ycel. Item, qe les executours des testamentz de touz ceux qe feurent de la dite querele eient accion, et recoeverent les biens et les chateux de ceux de mesme la querele, dont ils sont executours, auxi avant come ceux de mesme le querele qe sont en vie le unt par cause de la querele. Et qe fins, ventz et douns de terre, et reconissaunces des dettes, puis le temps del exil des ditz Hugh', et Hugh', faitz par force et durte as ditz Hugh', et Hugh', Esmon counte d'Arundell', Robert de Baldolk, et Wauter de Stapelton' jadys evesqe d'Excestre, ou a [editorial note: C 65/57 and 59 omit 'a'.] ascun de eux, soient defaitz. Et est accorde et estable, qe en cas ou nul voudra par voie d'action de [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'de'.] faire fyn, vente ou doun de terre, ou reconissaunce de dette faite par force ou par durte as ditz persones, sicome desus est dit, eit bref de la chauncellerie affaire venir le transecrit du pee de la fyn, et la tenur de la reconissaunce, devant le roy et les justices assignez a [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'a'.] tenir les plees devant le roy, associe a eux deux evesqes, deux countes, deux barons, ou de chescun estat un, et garnie la partie tenant de la terre dont tiel fyn est leve, doun ou vente faite, si trove soit en la court le roy, par conissaunce de partie, ou par loiale enqueste aprendre, qe tiel fyn, vente, ou doun, feust leve ou faite par durte de prison, ou par doute de mort, adonqes soit defait, et execucioun soit faite outre pur le pleintif, come appent sur la restitucioun des terres et tenementz qi sont en autri meyn qe en les meyns le roy, au tiel process soit fait des terres qe sont en la mayne le roy dount fyns sont levez, garni le gardein des ditz terres. Et en cas ou nul voudreit demander terre par commune lei, et tiel fyn, ou autre fait, soit mys en barre de sa demande, adonqes soit fait auxi come ad este cea on arere, ou reles, ou quiteclamer ad este mys en bar d'accion entre parties, ou emprisonement ad este allegge. Mes n'est pas l'entencion du roy, ne de son conseil, qe ceux qe unt venduz lour terres, ou relesse ou quitclame [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'quitclamer'.] de lour fraunche volunte, eient avantage par cest estatut. (fn. iii-347-304a-1) | First, that no magnate, nor any other of whatsoever estate, dignity, or condition he may be, who came with the said present king and with the queen his mother into the kingdom of England, nor others then dwelling in the same kingdom who came to the said king and queen to assist them in pursuing their said enemies - in which pursuit the king the father was pursued, captured and placed in ward, and still remains in ward - shall be impeached, molested, nor injured in person, nor in goods, in the king's court, or in any other court, at the suit of the said king, captured and detained by his body, nor for the suit of any other capture of persons, chattels, or of chattels of dead men, or anything else done in the said pursuit, from the day when the aforesaid king and queen arrived, until the day of the coronation of the said king. And it is not the intention of the said king that malefactors who commit trespasses or other wrongs apart from in the said pursuit should be covered or gain advantage from this statute, but that they shall be answerable to the law. Also, that the repeal of the said exile, which was made by force and by duress, shall be invalidated and annulled forever; and that the same exile made by the judgment of the peers and of the people, and with the assent of the king, as is said above, should maintain its force in all respects, according to the tenor of every article contained in the same. Also, that the executors of the wills of all those who were involved in the said case shall have power to act and recover the goods and chattels of those in the same case of whom they are executors, as fully as those of the same case who are alive have them. And that fines, sales and gifts of land, and recognizances of debt, since the time of the exile of the said Hugh and Hugh, made by force and duress to the said Hugh and Hugh, Edmund earl of Arundel, Robert Baldock and Walter Stapleton lately bishop of Exeter, or to any of them, are cancelled. And it is agreed and established that if anyone wishes by way of action upon a fine, sale, or gift of land, or recognizance of debt made by force or by duress to the said persons, as is said above, let him have a writ from the chancery to cause the transcript of the foot of fine and the tenor of the recognizance to be brought before the king and the justices assigned to hold pleas before the king, there being associated with them two bishops, two earls, two barons, or one of each estate, and warn the party holding the land upon which such a fine was levied, or gift or sale made, if it be found in the king's court, by cognizance of party, or by lawful inquest to be held, that such fine, sale, or gift was levied or made by the duress of imprisonment, or through fear of death, then let it be cancelled, and let execution also be made for the plaintiff, as it bears on the restoration of land and tenements which are in hands other than those of the king; and in such process on lands which are in the king's hands on which fines are levied, warn the keeper of the said lands. And if anyone wishes to demand land by common law, and such fine, or other deed, be placed in bar of his demand, then let it be done as it was done in the past, when release or quit-claim has been placed in bar of action between parties, or imprisonment alleged. But it is not the intention of the king, nor of his council, that those who have sold their lands, or released or quit-claimed of their free will, shall gain advantage by this statute. (fn. iii-347-304a-1) |
| 64. Apres queux recordes et estatut luz devant le roy et entenduz, monstra le dit conte, qe les ditz [p. iii-367][col. a] exiles et disheritesons de ditz Hugh' le piere, et Hugh le fitz, feurent erronousement, encontre droit et reson et la ley de la terre, faitz et agardez: et les reversaille et repelle des ditz exiles, et de reavoir seisine de leur terres, droiturelment et resonablement solonc la ley de la terre faitz et agardez, come par les causes et resouns contenuz en mesmes les recordes pleinement appiert. Et outre ceo, le dit cont monstra, qe le dit estatut fait l'an primer du regne le roy Edward aiel nostre seignur le roy q'ore est, qe comence, Come Hugh, etc., (fn. iii-347-306-1) qant as touz les articles contenuz en ycelle estatut contrariauntz au dit repelle et reversaille des ditz exiles, ou qe sonnent en desheriteson des ditz Hugh', et Hugh', ou aucun de eux, fust fait contre droit, ley et resoun. Et en tant, qe par mesme l'estatut overtement appiert, qe devant le dit parlement, a quel parlement le dit estatut fuist fait, (fn. iii-347-306-2) le dit besaiel de nostre dit [...] seignur le roy estoit pursuez par ses adversaires et subgettes, pris et mys en garde; et a temps de mesme le parlement estoit en garde par ses subgettes suisditz, quel estatut qant a les ditz articles n'est my droiturel ne resonable, ne deust estre de force par la ley. Et outre, le dit count monstra, qe le dit estatut, qant al article en defesaunce des fynes, vendes, et dounes des terres, et reconissance des dettes faitz as ditz Hugh', et Hugh', estoit encontre droit et resoun, et encontre la < ley > de la terre par les causes desus declarez. (fn. iii-347-306-3) Et outre, nomement, qe fyns, douns, et reconissances de record, des terres < et > tenementz esteantz es maines le roy, ou gardeins assignez par luy, ou par ascun autre < maine, > ne devoient de droit estre defaitz par averement surmettantz q'ils estoient faitz par duresse, emprisonement, ou dedeinz age, ou par doute de mort. Dont le dit cont pria au roy en cest present parlement, qe le dit reversaille et repelle des ditz exiles soient affermez en toutz pointz, solonc ce q'est contenue en chescun article d'icelle. Et qe le dit estatut, fait l'an du regne Edward [III] aiel nostre dit seignur le roy primer, en toutz les articles contrariantz al dit reversaille et repelle du dit exil, ou qe sonnent en disheritesons des ditz Hugh', et Hugh', ou ascun de eux, soit repellez, adnullez et defait a touz jours. Et sur ceo, le roy fist examiner deligentement sur les matiers susditz toutz les prelatz, ducs, contes, barons, et communes, sommonuz a son parlement, sy lour semble qe le dit estatut fuist defesable par les causes susditz par le dit count monstrez et declarez. Queux, par bon deliberacion disoient, qe leur semble, qe par cestes causes et autres il fuist repellable et reversable pur touz jours. | 64. After which records and statutes had been read and heard before the king, the said earl showed that the said [p. iii-367][col. a] exile and disinheritance of the said Hugh the father and Hugh the son had been erroneously made and decided, against right and reason and the law of the land: and the reversal and repeal of the said exiles, and the recovery of seisin of their lands, had been rightful and reasonable and according to the law of the land, as plainly appears from the arguments and reasons contained in the same records. And further, the said earl explained that the said statute made in the first year of the reign of King Edward [III] grandfather of our lord the present king, which begins, 'Whereas Hugh, etc.', (fn. iii-347-306-1) with regard to all the articles contained in that statute which were contrary to the said repeal and reversal of the said exiles, or which implied the disinheritance of the said Hugh and Hugh, or either of them, was made against right, law and reason. And as by the same statute it clearly appears that before the said parliament, at which parliament the said statute was made, (fn. iii-347-306-2) the said great-grandfather of our said lord the king was pursued by his adversaries and subjects, taken and kept in ward; and at the time of the same parliament he was held by his aforesaid subjects, which statute in the said articles is not right or reasonable, nor ought it to have its force of law. And also, the said earl showed that the said statute, as to the article on the cancellation of fines, sales, and gifts of lands, and recognizance of debts made to the said Hugh and Hugh, was contrary to right and reason and against the law of the land for the reasons given above. (fn. iii-347-306-3) And also, in particular, that fines, gifts and recognizances of record, lands and tenements being in the king's hands, or in those of keepers assigned by him, or by any other hand, ought not by right to be cancelled by averment alleging that they were made by duress, imprisonment, or minority, or through fear of death. Wherefore the said earl prayed of the king in the present parliament that the said reversal and repeal of the said exiles should be affirmed in all points, according to that which was contained in each article of the same. And that the said statute made in the first year of the reign of Edward [III], grandfather of our said lord the king, in all the articles contrary to the said reversal and repeal of the said exile, or which implied the disinheritance of the said Hugh and Hugh, or either of them, should be repealed, annulled and cancelled forever. Whereupon, the king caused all the prelates, dukes, earls, barons, and commons summoned to his parliament to be questioned diligently on the aforesaid matters, whether it seemed to them that the said statute was defeasible for the aforesaid reasons shown and declared by the said earl. Who, upon sound deliberation, said that it seemed to them that for those reasons and others it was repealable and reversible for ever. |
| [65.] Par quoi nostre seignur le roy, par assent et advis des ditz prelatz, ducs, countes, barons et communes de le roialme, somouns a cest present parlement, par les causes susditz et autres, agarda et establissa pur estatut en plein parlement, qe le dit estatut fait l'an du regne le dit roy son aiel primer, par queles les ditz exiles feurent affermez, en touz articles contrariantz al dit agarde du dit repelle des ditz exiles, ou qe touchent desheriteson des ditz Hugh', et Hugh', et leur heirs, ou ascun de eux, come desus est declare, soit adnulle, repelle, < et > reversez, et tenuz pur nul a touz jours. [editorial note: A contemporary note in the margin of C 65/59 reads 'Adnullacio dicte affirmacionis exilii predicti'.] Et tout ce q'ad este fait par auctorite du dit estatut puis la fesaunce d'icelle, queux touchent les ditz Hugh', et Hugh', ou leur heirs, soit tenuz de nulle value. Et outre ceo, nostre dit seignur le roy agardea et juggea, par assent susdit, qe les ditz exiles et disheriteson des ditz Hugh', et Hugh', soient adnullez en toutz pointz, et tenuz pur nul a touz jours: et qe le dit repelle des ditz exiles soit bone et effectuel, et estoise en sa force et vertue. Et < outre > ceo, agardea et juggea, par assent avauntdit, qe le dit cont, et < ses > heirs come heirs a chescun des ditz Hugh' et Hugh', solonc la purport et effect de les peticions susditz, eient restitucion de touz les terres, et tenementz et franchises, et d'autres choses qeconqes, fees, advoesons, et possessions, et touz maners des enheritaunses, dont les ditz Hugh', et Hugh', [col. b] ses auncestres jointement ou severalment feurent enheritez au temps des ditz exiles, ou apres. Et qe le dit cont et ses heirs soient restitutz a chescun accioun auncestrel, aussi avant come si les ditz exiles n'eussent este faitz. Et agardea, qe < le tenour de > [editorial note: These words are also interlined in C 65/59.] cest record soit mande en commune banc, pur faire ent execucioun al dit cont par brief de scire facias, [...] et atauntz de tenures de dit record come bosoignera < soient > mandez en le countee de Cestre, et aillours, ou les ditz terres et tenementz, possessions, fees, et advoesons, et [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'et'. C 65/57 reads 'ou les ditz terres, tenementz, et possessions, fees et advoesons, et...'.] enheritementz sont, pur ent faire execucioun < a > dit count et ses heirs. | 65. Wherefore our said lord the king, by the assent and advice of the said prelates, dukes, earls, barons and commons of the kingdom summoned to the present parliament, for the aforesaid reasons and others, decided and decreed as a statute in full parliament that the said statute made in the first year of the reign of the said lord the king his grandfather, by which the said exiles were affirmed, in all articles touching the said judgment of the said repeal of the said exiles, or which touched the disinheritance of the said Hugh and Hugh and their heirs, or either of them, as said above, should be annulled, repealed and reversed, and held at naught forever. And all that has been done by the authority of the said statute since the making thereof which touches the said Hugh and Hugh or their heirs shall be held at naught. And further, our said lord the king decided and adjudged, by the aforesaid assent, that the said exile and disinheritance of the said Hugh and Hugh should be annulled in all respects, and held at naught forever: and that the said repeal of the said exiles be good and effectual, and remain in force and virtue. And also he determined and judged, by the aforesaid assent, that the said earl and his heirs, as heirs to either of the said Hugh and Hugh, according to the purport and tenor of the aforesaid petitions, should have restitution of all the lands, tenements and franchises, and other things whatsoever, fees, advowsons and possessions, and all manner of hereditaments, to which the said Hugh and Hugh, [col. b] his ancestors, jointly or severally had the heritable right at the time of the said exiles, or later. And that the said earl and his heirs should be restored to every ancestral action, as if the said exiles had never been made. And he decreed that the tenor of this record should be sent to the Common Bench, for execution thereof to be made to the said earl by writ of scire facias, and as many copies of the said record as necessary should be sent to Cheshire and elsewhere, where the said lands and tenements, possessions, fees and advowsons and hereditaments are, to do execution thereof to the said earl and his heirs. |
| 66. [editorial note: There is no text here on C 65/58 and the MS is blank. The text is supplied from C 65/57.] [Purveuz toutesfoitz, qe le dit count de Gloucestre, et ses heirs, sauveront et garderont nostre seignur le roy et ses heirs desdamagez envers toutz ceaux as queux mesme nostre seignur le roy, par son fait demesne, ou par grante de ses progenitours, est obligez en garantie de faire en value de les terres et tenementz queux feurent a Hugh le Despenser le pier, et Hugh le Despenser le fitz, ou a ascun de eux. Et aussint, le dit count ad grauntez pur luy et ses heirs, q'il, ne ses heirs, ne fueront nulle peticion, execution, ne action, des nulles terres ne tenementz, ne d'ascun enheritement, queux feurent as ditz Hugh, et Hugh, ou a ascun de eux, et dont nostre seignur le roy est ore seisi en demesne ou de fee, ou en reversion.] | 66. Provided always that the said earl of Gloucester and his heirs should save and protect our lord the king and his heirs secure against all those to whom our same lord the king, by his own deed, or by the grant of his progenitors, is obliged by warranty to make in value of the lands and tenements which belonged to Hugh Despenser the father and Hugh Despenser the son, or either of them. And also, the said earl granted for himself and his heirs that neither he nor his heirs would make any petition, execution, or action concerning any lands of tenements, nor any hereditaments which belonged to the said Hugh and Hugh, or to either of them, and of which our lord the king is now seised in demesne or of fee, or in reversion. |
| [memb. 3] | |
| Pardoun fait [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'fait'.] a duc de Hereford. | The pardon granted to the duke of Hereford. |
| 67. Item, le joedy proschein ensuant, le darrein jour du parlement, [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'le darrein jour du parlement'.] le duc de Hereford en plein parlement genulant humblement devant le roy, disoit a luy, 'Mon seignur lige, je say bien qe pluseurs riotes, troubles, et malfaitz ont este faitz deinz vostre roialme, en offens de vous et de vostre roial estat, en les queux j'ay este mesmes present entre autres, nemy a male entent, ne purpos de vous offendre, ne sachant mye adonqes q'il feust aucune coupe ou offens encontre vous. Mes monseignur porce qe ore je conue bien et confesse mes offenses et malfaitz en celle partie; par [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'pur'.] quoy, monseignur, je vous crie mercy, et vous supplie de moy pardoner.' Sur quoy nostre seignur le roy graciousement acceptant la humble priere et confessioun du dit duc, luy ad graciousement pardonez en plein parlement tout ceo q'il ad fait en les choses susditz, et quantqe a luy appartient pur ycelles: et enoutre, luy ad grante bon seignurie. Et plus outre, le roy tesmoigna, reherceant la matire avantdite as touz l'estatz du parlement, coment il luy ad ent fait plein pardoun. | 67. Also, on the Thursday following, the last day of parliament [31 January 1398], the duke of Hereford in full parliament, kneeling humbly before the king said to him, 'My liege lord, I know well that many uprisings, troubles and misdeeds have been perpetrated in your kingdom, to the offence of you and of your royal majesty, in which I have taken part amongst others, not with any ill intent or aim of offending you, knowing then that it would be any harm or offence against you. But my lord, because I now know and fully confess my offences and misdeeds in that matter; therefor, my lord, I cry you mercy, and ask you to pardon me'. Whereupon our lord the king graciously accepted the humble prayer and confession of the said duke, and graciously pardoned him in full parliament for all that which he had done in the aforesaid matters, and whatsoever pertained to him for the same: and further, he granted him his good lordship. Furthermore, the king testified, rehearsing the aforesaid matter to all the estates of parliament, that he had granted him full pardon therein. |
| Pur [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'Pur'.] Alice < Wyndesore. > | On behalf of Alice Windsor. |
| 68. Item, en le dit parlement, Alice qe feust la femme monsire William de Wyndesore myst avant sa peticioun en la fourme q'ensuit: | 68. Also, in the said parliament, Alice who is the widow of Sir William Windsor submitted a petition in the following form: |
| A nostre tresexcellent et tresredoute seignur nostre seignur le roy supplie humblement Alice qe fuist la femme William de Wyndesore, chivaler: pur ceo qe en le record, processe, et declaracioun d'un ordenance, et auxi en le juggement ent renduz, encontre la dit suppliant par noun de Alice Perers, en le parlement tenuz a Westm', l'an de vostre regne primer, (fn. iii-347-315-1) de ceo qe ele fuist banniz hors de vostre roialme, les terres, chateux, tenementz [editorial note: C 65/57 transposes 'chateaux' and 'tenementz'.] et possessions de dite suppliant, sibien en demesne come en reversioun, feurent adjuggez forfaitz a vous, et seisez en voz maines: et auxi touz les terres et tenementz des queux autres feurent enfeffez a son oeps, des queux ele prist les profitz, ou fist la bargayn a son profit demesne, feurent ajugez come forfaitz a vous, par cause de dite ordenance fait encontre la dite Alice a parlement tenuz a Westm' le lundy proschein apres le fest de Seint George, l'an de regne le roy [editorial note: C 65/59 inserts 'Edward'.] vostre aiel cynkquantisme, (fn. iii-347-315-2) errour enterement overt, a grant damage de dite Alice. | To our most excellent and most redoubtable lord our lord the king, Alice who is the widow of William Windsor, knight, humbly prays that whereas an error is clearly apparent in the record, process and declaration of an ordinance, and also in the judgment rendered thereon, against the said supplicant by the name of Alice Perrers, in the parliament held at Westminster in the first year of your reign, (fn. iii-347-315-1) in which she was banished from your realm, and the lands, chattels, tenements and possessions of the said supplicant, both in demesne and in reversion, were adjudged forfeit to you and taken into your hands: and also all the lands and tenements of which others were enfeoffed to her use, from which she took the profits, or made the bargain at her own profit, were adjudged forfeit to you, by reason of the said ordinance made against the said Alice in the parliament held at Westminster on the Monday next after the feast of St George in the fiftieth year [of Edward III], (fn. iii-347-315-2) to the great injury of the said Alice. |
| Qe please a vostre hautesse de faire venir devant vous en cest present parlement les recordes et processes ent faitz, et q'ils soient vewes et examinez, et qe les errours en ycelle esteantz en due forme soient corigez, et redressez et adnullez, come [p. iii-368][col. a] justice et ley requert, pur Dieu, et en oevre de charite. | May it please your highness to cause the records and processes made thereon to be brought before you in the present parliament, and that they be inspected and examined, and that the errors in the same corrected in due form and redressed and annulled, as [p. iii-368][col. a] justice and the law require, for God and by way of charity. |
| [editorial note: Responsio. ] | [editorial note: Answer.] |
| Quele peticion lue < en parlement > et pleinement entendu, accordez est et assentuz par le roy, de l'assent des seignurs et communes du parlement, qe le roy, apres le parlement, [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'apres le parlement'.] par auctoritee de mesme le parlement, par bon deliberacion terminera et plein fyn ferra de la matiere du dite [editorial note: C 65/59 reads 'de ceste'.] peticioun, come luy semblera meulx affaire par sa bon advys et discrecioun. | Which petition having been read in parliament and fully heard, it was agreed and assented by the king, with the assent of the lords and commons of parliament, that the king, after the parliament, by the authority of the same parliament, upon thorough deliberation should determine and fully conclude the matter of the said petition, as it seemed best to him to do by his good advice and discretion. |
| Accions exteintes de Rotcotbrig. [editorial note: C 65/59 reads 'Accions de Rotcotebrigg' exteintz'.] | Extinction of actions at Radcot Bridge. |
| 69. Item, mesme le jour, les communes monstrerent au roy en parlement, coment le dit an unzisme, a temps qe les seignurs qe sont atteintz, soy leverent en grant nombre forciblement ove pluseurs gentz, et viendront a Rotcotbrigg, et pluseurs roberies, larcyns, felonies, trespasses, outrages, et riotes feurent faitz, par quel grant meschief et troeble purra advenir au poeple en apres: dont ils prierent, pur eschuir tieux meschiefs et troebles, qe y plerroit au roy d'ordeigner et establier en cest parlement, qe toutes actions et suites de partie pur touz roberies, larcyns, felonies, trespasses, outrages, et riotes faitz par ceux qi leverent et feurent en la compaignie des ditz seignurs a celle temps, et par celle enchesoun, soient exteintz pur touz jours. Sur quoy nostre seignur le roy, par advis de l'estatz du parlement, ad ordeignez et establiz, qe touz les ditz actions et suites soient tout outrement exteintz et adnullez, sanz ent avoir action ou remede ascunement en temps advenir. (fn. iii-347-322-1) | 69. Also, on the same day [31 January 1398], the commons showed the king in parliament that in the said eleventh year [1387], at the time when the lords who are attainted rose up in great number forcibly with many men and came to Radcot Bridge, and many robberies, thefts, felonies, trespasses, outrages and riots occurred, by which great mischief and trouble might later occur; wherefor they pray, to avoid such mischiefs and troubles, that it might please the king to ordain and decree in this parliament that all actions and suits of party for all robberies, thefts, felonies, trespasses, outrages and riots carried out by those who rose up and were in the company of the said lords at that time, and for that reason, should be extinguished forever. Whereupon our lord the king, by the advice of the estates of parliament, has ordained and decreed that all the said actions and suits should be entirely extinguished and annulled, without any action or remedy to be had thereon in time to come. (fn. iii-347-322-1) |
| Proclamacioun de porter chartre a roy. [editorial note: C 65/59 reads 'Proclamacioun de la chartre du cont d'Arundell'.] | Proclamation to take a charter to the king. |
| 70. Item, mesme le jour, le chanceller par comandement du roy comanda a touz ses liges, qe si ascuns eient la chartre de pardoun fait jadys a Richard nadgairs cont d'Arundell', qe feust repellez en cest parlement, ou scivent es queux maines ele est, q'ils la portent au roy, ou luy ent facent assavoir, devaunt mye-quaresme, sur peine de forfaiture de tout ceo q'ils purront forfaire devers le roy. Et sur ce le roy comanda de faire briefs de proclamacion parmy le roialme. [editorial note: This sentence has been added later in another hand.] | 70. Also, on the same day [31 January 1398], the chancellor, at the king's command, ordered all his lieges that if any should have a charter of pardon once made to Richard lately earl of Arundel, which was repealed in this parliament, or knew in whose hands it is, that they bring it to the king, or inform him of it, before Mid-Lent [17 March 1398], on pain of forfeiting all they can forfeit to the king. And thereupon the king ordered to be made writs of proclamation throughout the realm. |
| Serement pur faire relesses. [editorial note: C 65/59 reads 'Touchant les relesses du cont Glouc'.] | An oath to make releases. |
| 71. Item, mesme le jour, Thomas cont de Gloucestre de sa bone et frank volente vient devant le roy seant en son see en parlement, et illoeqes le roy teignant en sa maine la croice de Cantirbirs, promyst au roy et jurra sur mesme la croice, qe unqes il n'empeschera, pursuera, ne demandera, en nulle manere nul des seignurs souz escriptz, ne nul de eux, ne leur heirs, nul heritage, manoirs, terres, tenementz, advoesons, rentes, ne services, ne autres possessions qeconqes, qe feurent a Hugh' le Despenser le pere, ne Hugh' le Despenser le fitz, des queux les ditz seignurs, ou ascun de eux, ou ascun autre a leur oeps, < sont en possession a present; einz qe le dit cont ferra relesses > < et > < quitclaymes as ditz seignurs, et chescun de eux, et a leur heirs, quant il soit requys par eux, ou par ascun de eux, ou lour heirs, tantz et tieux qi sont sufficeantz par la leye. > [editorial note: A near contemporary marginal note in C 65/58 reads 'Nota bene pur le roy pur garantes.] | 71. Also, on the same day [31 January 1398], Thomas earl of Gloucester, of his good and free will, came before the king seated on his throne in parliament, the king holding in his hand the cross of Canterbury, and promised the king and swore on the same cross that he would never impeach, pursue or demand in any way of any of the lords listed below, nor of any of them, nor their heirs, any hereditaments, manors, lands, tenements, advowsons, rents, nor services, nor other possessions whatsoever, which belonged to Hugh Despenser the father or Hugh Despenser the son, of which the said lords, or any of them, or any other to their use, are in possession at present; but that the said earl would make releases and quit-claims to the said lords, and every one of them, and to their heirs, when he should be required to do so by them, or by any of them, or their heirs, so many and such as are sufficient by the law. |
| 72. < Les nouns des seignurs q'averont les ditz relesses, c'estassavoir: > | 72. The names of the lords who shall have the said releases, namely: |
| Offices commis. [editorial note: There is no heading in C 65/59.] | Offices assigned. |
| 73. Item l'office del marchalle est comys al duc de Surr'. [editorial note: A third of a line has been erased at this point.] | 73. Also, the office of marshal is assigned to the duke of Surrey. |
| [col. b] | |
| Item l'office del admiralle est comys a markys de Dors'. | Also, the office of admiral is assigned to the marquis of Dorset. |
| - mes nostre seignur le roy fist declaracioun, [editorial note: C 65/57 inserts 'qe'.] combien qe cest fait n'appartient au parlement mes a luy mesmes pur faire ses officers quant il plerra, y pleust a luy q'il soit conuz a touz l'estatz du parlement. | - but our lord the king made a declaration that although this deed did not pertain to parliament but to himself to appoint his officers as he chose, it pleased him that it should be known to all the estates of parliament. |
| Poair commis pur terminer peticions. [editorial note: C 65/57 adds '...et autres choses.' at this point. The heading in C 65/59 reads 'Poair pur terminer peticions apres le parlement'.] | Power assigned to determine petitions. |
| 74. Item, mesme le joedy, le darrein jour de parlement, [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'le darrein jour de parlement'.] les communes prierent au roy: qe come ils eient devers eux diverses peticions, sibien pur especials persones come autres, nient luz ne responduz, [editorial note: C 65/57 adds '...et auxi pleuseurs autres matiers et choses aient estee moevez en presence du roy,] et [editorial note: C 65/57 substitutes 'les' for 'et'] queux pur briftee du temps ne purront bonement estre terminez a cest foiz durant le temps de cest present parlement; [editorial note: C 65/57 substitutes 'a present' for the phrase 'a cest foiz....parlement.'] qe plerroit au roy commetter pleine poair as certeins seignurs, et autres persons que luy plerra, d'examiner, respondre, et terminer les ditz peticions, et les matiers contenuz en ycelles. [editorial note: C 65/57 substitutes 'et choses suisditz, et toutes les dependences d'icelles' for the phrase 'contenuz en ycelles'. It then inserts a sentence not to be found in C 65/58: 'A quel prier le roy s'assenti'.] . Sur quoy nostre seignur le roy, [editorial note: C 65/57 substitutes 'Et sur ceo' for the phrase 'Sur quoy nostre seignur le roy'.] par auctorite et assent du parlement, ad ordeine et assigne Johan duc de Lancastre, Esmond duc d'Everwyk, Edward duc d'Aumarle, Thomas duc de Surr', Johan duc d'Excestre, Johan markys de Dors', Roger cont del Marche, Johan cont de Sar', Henry cont de Northumbr', Thomas cont de Gloucestre, Thomas cont de Wircestre, et William cont de Wilteschire, ou sys de eux; Johan Bussy, Henry Grene, Johan Russell', Richard Chelmeswyk, Robert Teye, et Johan Golafre, chivalers veignantz pur le parlement, ou troys de eux, de examiner, respondre et pleinement terminer, sibien touz les ditz peticions, et les matiers contenuz en ycelles, come [editorial note: C 65/57 adds '...toutes autres matiers et choses moevez en presence du roy, et toutes les dependences d'icelles nient determinez, solonc ceo qe'] lour meulx [editorial note: The words 'lour' and 'meulx' are transposed in C 65/57.] semblera par leur bon advys et discrecion en celle partie, par auctorite du parlement susdit. (fn. iii-347-342-1) | 74. Also, on the same Thursday, the last day of parliament [31 January 1398], the commons prayed of the king that whereas they have in their possession various petitions, as well for particular persons as others, which have not been read or answered, and which for want of time cannot be well settled at this time during the present parliament; that it might please the king to assign full power to certain lords and other persons whom he shall choose, to examine, answer and determine the said petitions and the matters contained in the same. Whereupon our lord the king, by the authority and assent of parliament, has ordained and assigned John duke of Lancaster, Edmund duke of York, Edward duke of Aumale, Thomas duke of Surrey, John duke of Exeter, John marquis of Dorset, Roger earl of March, John earl of Salisbury, Henry earl of Northumberland, Thomas earl of Gloucester, Thomas earl of Worcester and William earl of Wiltshire, or six of them; John Bushy, Henry Green, John Russell, Richard Chelmswick, Robert Teye and John Golafre, knights coming to parliament, or three of them, to examine, answer, and fully determine as well all the said petitions as the matters contained in the same, as shall seem best to them by their good advice and discretion in the matter, by the authority of parliament aforesaid. (fn. iii-347-342-1) |
| Subside grante a roy. [editorial note: The heading in C 65/59 reads 'Grant del subside.] | The subsidy granted to the king. |
| 75. Item, mesme le jour, les communes du roialme, par assent des seignurs espirituels et temporels, granterent au roy le subside des leyns, quirs, et peaux lanutz a terme de sa vie, et une quinzisme, et disme, et une demy-quinzisme et demy-disme, en la manere et forme ensuantz: | 75. Also, on the same day [31 January 1398], the commons of the kingdom, by the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal, granted to the king the subsidy on wool, hides and woolfells for the term of his life, and a fifteenth and tenth, and a half-fifteenth and half-tenth, in the manner and form following: |
| A reverence de Dieu et de seinte esglise, et pur la bien et tranquillite du roialme, et pur l'entiere affeccion et soveraigne affiance qe les communes du roialme ount en nostre tresredoute seignur le roy, les ditz communes, par assent des seignurs espirituels et temporels, a parlement sommonez et comencez a Westm', et ajournez a Salopbirs, ount grantez a nostre dit seignur le roy la subside des leyns, quirs, et peaux lanutz passantz hors du roiaume, < come le roy prent a present, a avoir > pur terme de vie nostre dit seignur le roy. Et auxint sys soldz oept deniers de sak de leyns, et de quirs, et peaux lanutz, pur estre levez des aliens plus qe soleient paier pur la sak de leyne devant cest temps: sur protestacion, qe ceste grant ne soit treitee en consequence ne en [editorial note: C 65/57 and 59 omit 'en'.] ensaunple en temps de ses successours roys d'Engleterre en temps avenir. Et auxint, pur la grante chierte et entier amour qe mesme nostre seignur le roy ad a ses ditz communes, les ditz communes, par assent des ditz seignurs espirituels et temporels, ount grantez a nostre dit seignur le roy une entiere quinzisme et disme, et une demy quinzisme et demy disme, pur estre levez des loys gentz < en manere come il soleit estre levez > < devant ces heures, a les termes southescriptz > ; c'estassavoir une demy-quinzisme et demy-disme, a la mois de Seint Michel proschein avenir, et une autre demy-quinszisme et demy-disme, a la quinszeine de Pasqe lors proschein ensuant; et un autre demy-quinszisme et demy-disme a la quinszeine de Seint Michel adonqes proschein ensuant. | In reverence of God and of holy church, and for the good and tranquillity of the realm, and for the whole affection and sovereign trust which the commons of the kingdom repose in our very redoubtable lord the king, the said commons, by the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal, at the parliament summoned and begun at Westminster and adjourned to Shrewsbury, have granted our said lord the king the subsidy on wool, hides and woolfells leaving the kingdom, as the king takes it at present, to have for the term of the life of our said lord the king. And also six shillings and eight pence per sack of wool, and on hides and woolfells, to be levied from aliens more than used to be paid per sack of wool in the past: upon protestation that this grant should not be treated as a precedent or example in the time of his successors the kings of England in time to come. And also, for the great charity and wholehearted love which our same lord king has for his said commons, the said commons, by the assent of the said lords spiritual and temporal, have granted to our said lord the king a whole fifteenth and tenth, and a half-fifteenth and a half-tenth, be levied from the laity in the manner in which it used to be levied in the past, at the terms below written; that is to say a half-fifteenth and a half-tenth, a month after Michaelmas next [29 October 1398], and another half-fifteenth and half-tenth, on the quindene of Easter next following [14 April 1399]; and another half-fifteenth and half-tenth at the quindene of Michaelmas then next following [13 October 1399]. |
| [p. iii-369] | |
| [col. a] | |
| Request des communes sur ceo. [editorial note: C 65/57 adds '...de regarder les seignurs'. The heading in C 65/59 reads 'Regard grante par le roy'.] | The request of the commons that the lords be rewarded. |
| 76. Sur [editorial note: C 65/59 reads 'Apres'.] quele grante del subside, les ditz communes prierent a nostre seignur le roy, qe de mesme le subside de demy marc del sak appaier par les aliens outre ceo qe soloit estre paiez, il plerroit a nostre seignur le roy regarder ceux qi feurent desrobbez et despoillez de leur biens et chateux a Rotcotbrigg, tanqe a la somme de < trois > ou < quatre > mille marz. Et qe plerroit aussi au roy regarder les ditz seignurs appellantz pur leur costages del remanent del subside ensi grantez, come luy semblera meulx pur sa graciouse seignurie et bone discrecioun. A quele priere nostre seignur le roy ad graciousement ottroiez. | 76. Upon which grant of the subsidy, the said commons prayed of our lord the king that concerning the same subsidy of half a mark per sack to be paid by the aliens beyond what they customarily pay, it might please our lord the king to consider those who were robbed and despoiled of their goods and chattels at Radcot Bridge, amounting to a sum of three or four thousand marks. And that it might also please the king to meet the costs of the said lords appellant from the remainder of the subsidy thus granted, as shall seem best to him in his gracious lordship and good discretion. To which prayer our lord the king graciously agreed. |
| Grace et pardoun faite par le roy. [editorial note: The heading in C 65/59 reads 'Generale pardoun'.] | Grace and pardon granted by the king. |
| 77. Item, mesme le joedy, le [editorial note: C 65/59 omits 'jeody le'.] darrein jour du parlement, [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'le darrein jour du parlement' .] nostre seignur le roy fist une grace, remission, et pardoun as touz ses liges du roialme d'Engleterre, en la forme et en manere q'ensuent: | 77. Also, on the same Thursday, the last day of parliament [31 January 1398], our lord the king granted a grace, remission and pardon to all his lieges of the realm of England, in the form and manner following: |
| Nostre seignour le roy, en son parlement, sommonez et commencez a Westm' lundy proschein apres le fest del Exaltacion de la Seinte Croice, l'an de son regne vint primer, et ajournez a Salopbirs en la quinzeine de Seint Hiller adonqes proschein ensuant, considerant la grante affection et chierte a luy monstrez par son poeple, et lour bone port et la grant tendresse et deligence q'ils ont eue pur salvacion de son roial estat et droit de sa corone; et auxi pur consideracioun del grante q'ils ont fait a cest foiz de leur bon volente plus q'ils ont fait as ascuns de ses progenitours pardevant; c'estassavoir le subside des leyns, quirs, et peaux lanutz pur terme de sa vie, et une disme et quinzisme, et demy, appaierz en manere comprise en leur grante susdite; et veullant de sa roiale benignite purvoir a la quiete, pees, et tranquillitee de son dit poeple, et q'ils eient la greindre cause et corage de bien faire et leur meultz porter en temps advenir, ad pardonez et relessez as touz ses lieges d'Engleterre, de qeconqe estat ou condicion q'ils soient, et a chescun de eux, touz maneres d'eschapes < des felons, > chateux des futifs et felons, trespasses, negligences, mesprisions, ignorances, et touz autres articles d'eir, et autres choses eschuz ou avenuz deinz le roialme d'Engleterre, dont le punissement cherroit en fyn ou en raunson, ou < en > autres peins pecuniers, ou autrement, emprisonementz, amercimentz des communes des villes, ou de singulers persones, ou en charge de frank tenement de ceux qe unqes ne trespasserent, come heirs, ou terretenantz, des eschetours, viscontz, ou coroners, et autres tieux. Et ensement leur ad pardonez et relessez touz maneres des dons, alienacions, purchaces, faitz par eux ou par ascun de eux, des terres, tenementz ou d'ascuns autres possessions tenuz de luy en chief, sanz licence du roy; et touz maneres des entrees faitz en leur heritage purchace, ou autrement, en partie ou en tout, apres la mort lour auncestre, ou d'ascuny autre, sanz pursuite ou due processe ent fait, tanqe al joedy le darrein jour de cest present mois de Janver: forspris ceux terres, tenementz, et possessions, qe sont alienez a mort mayne sanz licence < roiale > . Et auxi leur ad entierment pardonez et relessez touz maneres des fyns, amercimentz, issues, forfaitz, nient adjuggez ne terminez, faitz, eschuz, ou avenuz deinz mesme le roialme d'Engleterre devaunt le dit joedy. Et auxi lour ad pardonez generalment la suite de sa pees pur touz maneres des tresons et felonies faitz ou perpetrez devant le dit joedy; et les utlagaries, sy nulles y soient par ycelles enchesons en eux pronunciez. Forspris murdres, et rapes des femmes, et communes larons enditez a present, et ceux qe sont provours et ceux qe sont appellez de mort de homme, a suite de partie: et forspris ceux qe ount < compassez et purposez la mort du roy > . Purveu toutefoiz, qe nul eit benefice de ceste pardoun pur treson ne felonie, s'il ne pursuie [col. b] chartre de pardoun. Purveu auxi toutefoiz, qe ceux qe chivacherent et soy leverent forciblement encontre le roy, l'an de son regne unszisme, ovek les seignurs qi sont ore adjuggez et convictz, n'eient nulle benefice de celle fait a celle temps, s'ils ne pursuent ent chartres de pardoun en celle partie parentre cy et le fest de Seint Johan le Baptistre proschein avenir. (fn. iii-347-355-1) | Our lord the king, in his parliament summoned and begun at Westminster on the Monday next after the feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross in the twenty-first year of his reign [17 September 1397], and adjourned to Shrewsbury on the quindene of St Hilary then next following [27 January 1398], considering the great affection and love shown him by his people, and their good bearing and the great tenderness and diligence they have shown for the salvation of his royal estate and the right of his crown; and also out of consideration of the grant which they have made on this occasion of their good will, which is more than they have given to any of his predecessors in the past; namely, the subsidy on wool, hides and woolfells for the term of his life, and a tenth and fifteenth and a half, to be paid in the manner contained in their aforesaid grant; and willing of his royal kindness to provide for the quiet, peace and tranquillity of his said people, and that they might have greater cause and courage to do good and bear themselves well in time to come, has pardoned and released all his lieges of England, of whatsoever estate or condition they be, and every one of them, of all manner of escapes of felons, chattels of fugitives and felons, trespasses, negligences, misprisions, ignorances and all other articles of eyre, and all things happening or occurring in the kingdom of England, for which the punishment would be by fine or ransom or by other pecuniary penalties, or otherwise, imprisonments, amercements of the commons of towns, or of individuals, or in charge of free tenement of those who have never offended, such as heirs, or tenants, from escheators, sheriffs, or coroners, and others such. And likewise he has pardoned and released them from all manner of gifts, alienations, purchases, made by them or by any of them of lands, tenements, or any other possessions held of him in chief without licence from the king; and all manner of entries made on their inheritance purchased, or otherwise, in part or in total, after the death of their ancestors, or of any other, without suit or due process made thereon, until Thursday, the last day of this present month of January [1398]: except those lands, tenements and possessions which are alienated at mortmain without royal licence. And also he has fully pardoned and released them from all manner of fines, amercements, issues, forfeits, not adjudged nor determined, made, ensuing, or occurring in the same kingdom of England before the said Thursday [31 January 1398]. And he has also pardoned them generally the suit of his peace for all manner of treasons and felonies committed or perpetrated before the said Thursday; and the outlawries, if any there be for those reasons pronounced on them. Except murders and rape of women, and common thieves now convicted, and those who are approvers and those who are accused of homicide, at the suit of a party: and except those who have conspired and plotted the king's death. Provided always that none shall benefit by this pardon for treason or felony, if he does not pursue [col. b] a charter of pardon. Provided also always that those who rode and rose up forcibly against the king in the eleventh year of his reign [1387] with the lords who are now adjudged and convicted shall have no benefit for whatever was done at that time unless they pursue charters of pardon on the matter between now and the feast of St John the Baptist next to come [24 June 1398]. (fn. iii-347-355-1) |
| Declaracioun de roy. | The king's declaration. |
| 78. < Et nostre dit [editorial note: C 65/59 substitutes 'Fait a remembrer qe' for 'Et', and it omits 'dit'.] > seignur le roy, sur la grante de ceste grace et pardoun ensi faitz a ses liges a cest foiz, fist overte declaracioun par son bouche demesne, qe si les seignurs ou communes du roialme qi viendront as parlementz en temps advenir, mettent ou facent impediment ou destourbance a contrarie del grante du dite subside des leyns, quirs, et peaux lanutz ensi grantez a luy a terme de sa vie, qe adonqes la dite grace et pardoun soit tout voide, et tout outrement adnulle. | 78. And our said lord the king, on the grant of this grace and pardon thus made to his lieges upon this occasion, declared openly by his own mouth that if the lords or commons of the realm who should come to parliaments in the future should set in place or cause any impediment or hindrance against the grant of the said subsidy of wool, hides and woolfells thus granted to him for the term of his life, that then the said grace and pardon would be wholly invalid and entirely annulled. |
| Dissolucion de parlement. | The dissolution of parliament. |
| [79.] Apres quele declaracion faite par nostre seignur le roy, le chaunceller, par comandement du roy, remercia depar le roy les seignurs espirituels et temporels, et les chivalers des countees, citeins, et burgeys, de leur bon port et deligence faitz et mys pur le bon exploit du dit parlement. Et comanda as ditz chivalers, citeins, et burgeys, de pursuier pur briefs de lour gages, et lour ad done conge a departir. | 79. After which declaration made by our lord the king, the chancellor, on the king's orders, thanked the lords spiritual and temporal and the knights of the shires, citizens and burgesses, on behalf of the king, for their good bearing and diligence shown in the effective conduct of the said parliament. And he ordered the said knights, citizens, and burgesses to sue for writs of their wages, and gave them permission to depart. |
| [memb. 2] | |
| Fait a remembrer: qe come nostre seignur le roy, a la requeste des communes de mesme le parlement, eantz devers eux diverses peticions, sibien pur especialx persones come autres, nient luz ne responduz, [editorial note: C 65/57 adds 'et auxi pleuseurs autres matires et choses aient este moevez en presence du roy'.] , et [editorial note: C 65/57 substitutes 'les' for 'et'.] queux pur briefte de temps ne purroient bonement [editorial note: C 65/57 substitutes 'alors' for 'bonement'.] estre terminez durant le temps du parlement, [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'durant le temps du parlement'.] eit ordeine et assigne par auctorite et assent [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'et assent'.] du dit [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'dit'.] parlement Johan duc de Lancastre, Esmon duc d'Everwyk, Edward duc d'Aumarle, Thomas duc de Surr', Johan duc d'Excestre, Johan markys de Dors', Roger conte de la Marche, Johan cont de Saresbirs, Henry conte de Northumbr', Thomas conte de Gloucestre, Thomas conte de Wircestre, et William cont de Wiltes', ou sys de eux; Johan Bussy, Henry Grene, Johan Russell', Richard Chelmeswyk, Robert Teye, et Johan Golofre, chivalers venantz pur les communes du roialme a dit parlement, ou trois de eux, d'examiner, respoundre et pleinement terminer touz [editorial note: C 65/57 substitutes 'sibien toutes' for 'touz'.] les ditz peticions et les matiers contenues [editorial note: C 65/57 substitutes the word 'comprises' for 'contenues'.] en ycelles, come [editorial note: C 65/57 adds 'toutes autres matires et choses moevez en presence du roy, et toutes les dependences d'icelles nient determinez, solonc ceo qe'.] lour meulx [editorial note: The words 'lour' and 'meulx' are transposed in C 65/57.] semblera par lour bone advis et discrecioun celle partie par auctorite du dit parlement, come plus pleinement appiert desus en le rolle du parlement; nostre < dit > seignur le roy, le marsdy lendemaine de Seint Edward le Martir, l'an de soun regne vint et primer, a Bristuyt, par assent de les ditz duc d'Everwyk, d'Aumarle, Surr', et Excestre, et del dit markys, et de les ditz contes de la Marche, Saresbirs, et Gloucestre, et de les ditz Johan Bussy, Henry Grene, et Johan Russell', par vertue et auctorite de la dite poair issint a eux commys en parlement, ont resceuz et oiez certeins peticions, queux ils ount respounduz et terminez; des queux peticions, et les responses d'icelles, la forme s'ensuit: | Be it remembered that whereas our lord the king, at the request of the commons of the same parliament, having divers petitions in their possession, as well for particular persons as others, not read nor answered, and which could not well be settled for want of time during the parliament, has ordained and assigned by authority and assent of the said parliament John duke of Lancaster, Edmund duke of York, Edward duke of Aumale, Thomas duke of Surrey, John duke of Exeter, John marquis of Dorset, Roger earl of March, John earl of Salisbury, Henry earl of Northumberland, Thomas earl of Gloucester, Thomas earl of Worcester, and William earl of Wiltshire, or six of them; John Bushy, Henry Green, John Russell, Richard Chelmswick, Robert Teye, and John Golofre, knights coming for the commons of the realm to the said parliament, or three of them; to examine, answer and fully determine all the said petitions and the matters contained therein, as shall seem best to them upon their good advice and discretion in the matter by authority of the said parliament, as appears more fully below in the roll of parliament; our said lord the king, on the Tuesday, the morrow of St Edward the Martyr in the twenty-first year of his reign [19 March 1398], at Bristol, by the assent of the said dukes of York, Aumale, Surrey and Exeter, and of the said marquis, and of the said earls of March, Salisbury and Gloucester, and of the said John Bushy, Henry Green and John Russell, by virtue and authority of the said power thus assigned to them in parliament, received and heard certain petitions which they have answered and determined; the form of which petitions, and the answers to the same, follows: |
| [Minting at Calais.] | [Minting at Calais.] |
| [80.] Touchant la bullion. A nostre tresexcellent et tresgracious seignur le roy monstrent treshumblement les marchantz de vostre roialme denzeins et aliens: que combien qe vous avez un meistre de vostre mynt deins vostre ville de Caleis, et qe la bullioun et estrange or illoeqes, pur achater leins et autres marchandises apportez, devient a ses mains pur estre fait en [p. iii-370][col. a] monoye de vostre coigne, de quelle vous parnez atant d'avantage pur vostre seignurage come de ceo q'est fait deinz vostre toure de Londres, et qe les ditz suppliantz ne resceivent au dit lieu de Caleis pur lour marchandises illoeqes venduz autre monoye qe de vostre coigne: nientmains, par vertue d'une ordenance fait a vostre parlement a Westm' l'an de vostre regne vintisme, les ditz suppliantz sont chargez d'apporter bullioun pur mesmes les marchandises a vostre tour de Londres, assaver de chescun sak pois des leins un unce d'estrange or, et ensi des peaux lanutz, et quirs, selom l'afferant, nounobstant qe la paiement pur mesmes les marchandises [a] Caleis [resceux] soit fait en monoie de vostre coigne. (fn. iii-347-366-1) Et soit ensi, qe les officers du duc de Burgoine deinz sa terre de Flaundres aparceivanz vostre dite ordenance, ne voillent soeffrer nully porter bullioun hors ne parmy la dite pais de Flaundres vers vostre dite ville de Caleis, n'aillours, sur peine de forfaiture d'icelle: et sur ceo fount estroit serche sur chescun chemyn et passage du dite pais, issint qe ankes ascun marchant ose aventurer sa monoie vers vostre dite estaple pur doute de perde d'icelle, a graunt arrerissement de mesme vostre estaple, et sovent foitz de ceux qe adventurent illoeqes parmy la dite pais de Flaundres, tant bien estrangers come voz lieges, lour or est pris come forfait par les ministres suisditz, si qe les ditz suppliantz ne purront nullement acquere bullioun pur parfournir vostre dite ordenance. Et aussi, tresredoute seignur, la ou pleuseurs marchantz de diverses parties de vostre roialme eskippantz leins vers vostre dite estaple, aucun .x. sak, ascun .xx. sak, apres la vende d'icelx eussent accustumez de passer par mer vers lour paiis, ore lour covient venir a Londres pur .x. ou .xx. unces de bullioun, et la attendre tanqe il soit feruz en monoie de vostre coigne, parount ils expendent tout la gaigne de lour marchandisez, ou pluis. Les queux causes suisditz, et aussi pur doute del payne compris deins la dite ordenance, restreignent la cominaltee des marchantz de vostre roialme, q'ils n'osent achater n'eskipper leins durant la dite ordenance, a graunt damage et arrerissement de voz ditz custumes, et perde et abbatement del pris des leins en vostre roialme, saunz ceo qe vostre graciouse remedie soit purveux. | 80. Touching bullion. To our very excellent and very gracious lord the king, the merchants of your realm, denizen and alien, most humbly show: that although you have a master of your mint in your town of Calais, and that the bullion and foreign gold there, brought to buy wool and other merchandise, ought to pass through his hands to be turned into [p. iii-370][col. a] money of your coinage, from which you take as much advantage for your lordship as from that which is made in your Tower of London, and that the said supplicants do not receive at the said place of Calais for their merchandise sold there any other money than your coin: nevertheless, by virtue of an ordinance made at your parliament at Westminster in the twentieth year of your reign, the said supplicants are charged to take bullion for the same merchandise to your Tower of London, that is to say, on each sack-weight of wool one ounce of foreign gold, and a similar amount on woolfells and hides, proportionately, notwithstanding that the payment received for the same merchandise at Calais is turned into money of your coin. (fn. iii-347-366-1) And so it is that the officers of the duke of Burgundy in his land of Flanders, having knowledge of your said ordinance, will not suffer any to take bullion out of or through the said land of Flanders to your said town of Calais, or elsewhere, on pain of forfeiting the same: and for this reason they conduct a strict search of every road and passage of the said land, so that scarcely any merchant dares to risk taking his money to your said staple through fear of loss of the same, to the great injury of your same staple; and often, of those who venture through the said land of Flanders, as well foreigners as your lieges, their gold is taken as forfeit by the aforesaid ministers, so that the said supplicants cannot acquire bullion in any way to perform your said ordinance. And also, most redoubtable lord, whereas many merchants of divers parts of your kingdom shipping wool to your said staple, some ten sacks, some twenty sacks, after the sale of the same have been accustomed to cross the sea to their own lands, now they are expected to come to London for ten or twenty ounces of gold, and to wait there until it be turned into money of your coinage, during the course of which they have spent all their profit on their merchandise, or more. Which causes aforesaid, and also fear of the penalty contained in the said ordinance, restrict the commonalty of merchants of your realm, so that they dare not buy or ship wool during the said ordinance, to the great harm and injury of your said customs, and the loss and reduction of the price of wool in your kingdom, unless your gracious remedy be provided. |
| Par quoi pleise a vostre mageste roiale, de vostre habundante grace, considerer les grauntz disaises et meschiefs avantditz, et sur ceo ordener en cest present parlement, qe les ditz suppliantz soient deschargez desore en avant de porter bullioun a vostre toure de Londres, ne trover seurete pur ycelle de tieux marchandises qe passent droitement a vostre dite ville de Caleis, eins qe la bullioun purra estre mys au feu deinz vostre mynt a Caleis, si come il ad este en temps passe acustumez. Et auxi qe vous plese, de vostre habundante grace, granter pardon et relesser a tous les marchantz suisditz la bullioun q'est a derer a vostre dit tour de Loundres de l'eskippesoun de lour leins, puis la fesaunce du dite ordenance, et qe les obligacions pur celle cause pris par voz custumers parmye vostre roialme purront estre cassez et adnullez, pur Dieu, et en oevre de charite. | Wherefor may it please your royal majesty, of your abundant grace, to consider the great troubles and mischiefs aforesaid, and to ordain thereon in the present parliament that the said supplicants shall be discharged henceforth from taking bullion to your Tower of London, or finding surety for the same for such merchandise as passes rightfully to your said town of Calais, but that the bullion may be smelted in your mint at Calais, as it used to be in times past. And also that it may please you, of your abundant grace, to grant pardon and release to all the merchants aforesaid for the bullion which is in arrears at your said Tower of London from the shipping of their wool since the making of the said ordinance, and that the bonds taken for this reason by your customs officers throughout your realm may be cancelled and annulled; for God and by way of charity. |
| [editorial note: Responsio.] | [editorial note: Answer.] |
| Accordez est et assentuz, qe le roy envoiera ses lettres especiales a duc de Burgoyne, et ses officers et ministres depar dela, tantz et teux come appartient et serront necessaires et busoignables en le cas, et atantz de foiz come busoigne serra. | It is agreed and assented that the king shall send his special letters to the duke of Burgundy and his officers and ministers overseas, such and so many as shall pertain and be necessary and useful in the case, and as often as need be. |
| [Tanners and shoemakers] | [Tanners and shoemakers.] |
| [81.] Les tanners et suours. [editorial note: The heading in C 65/59 reads 'Touchant les tanners et suiors.] A treshonurez seignours, chivalers de countees, et citezeins et burgeys del commune d'Engleterre, assemble en le [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'le'.] parlement tenuz a Salop, en le .xv. e de Seint Hiller', l'an du regne nostre seignur le roy Richard q'ore est, qe Dieu garde, .xxi. e , monstre est, pur le profit le roy et son commune: qe come le lundy proschein apres le fest de Seint Hiller, l'an du regne nostre dit seignur le roy .xiij. e , une grevouse pleinte a nostre dit seignur le roy en soun parlement tenuz a Westm' estoit fait, qe plusours [col. b] suours et cordiwaners usent fauxement de tannere lour quirs, et les vendent issint fauxement tannez, et auxint font boutes et solers de tiels quirs issint nient covenablement tannez et les vendont cy chier come lour plest, a graunde disceite des poveres communes, dont il fuist supplie remedie. (fn. iii-347-373-1) Sur quoy illoeqes, par un estatut fuist ordeinez et assentuz par nostre seignur le roy, et par les seignurs espirituels et temporels, chivalers, citezeins, et burgeys illoeqes pur communes assemblez, qe nulle suour ne cordiwaner ne use la mestier de tanner, ne nul tanner ne use la mestier de cordiwanere ne suour, sur certeine peyne compris en mesme l'estatut. (fn. iii-347-373-2) La quel estatut et ordinance fuist commandez par brief nostre dit seignur le roy estre tenuz par my tout la roialme, issint qe nul ne poet soi excuser par ignorance de ycelle; la quel estatut si y serroit duement executz, et la peine en ycelle compris fuist levez, y serroit grante profit a nostre seignur le roy, et a soun poeple. Et nientcontresteant la dit estatut, ordenance, et peine, pluseurs cordiwaners et suours eiantz bone conusance del dit estatut, unqore usent la mestier de tanner come devant, en contempt nostre seignur le roy, et encontre soun comandement, a tresgraunde disceyte et empovrisement de ses communes, a cause qe nient due execucioun ent est fait. Sur quoy vous please de ent ordeiner greindre peine sur tiels malefeisour et debrusours del dit estatut, et remedie et due execucioun del mesme estatut, sy bien pur profit nostre dit seignur le roy, come pur profit de son commune poeple, pur Dieu, et en oevre de charitee. | 81. Of tanners and shoemakers. To the most honoured lords, knights of the shires and citizens and burgesses of the community of England assembled in the parliament held at Shrewsbury, on the quindene of St Hilary, in the twenty-first year of the reign of our lord the present King Richard [27 January 1398], whom God preserve, it is shown, for the profit of the king and his kingdom, that whereas on the Monday next after the feast of St Hilary, in the thirteenth year of the reign of our said lord the king, a grievous complaint was made to our said lord the king in his parliament held at Westminster, that many [col. b] shoemakers and cordwainers used falsely to tan their hides, and sell them thus falsely tanned, and also make boots and shoes of such hides thus improperly tanned, and sell them as dearly as they chose, to the great deceit of the poor commons, for which remedy was prayed. (fn. iii-347-373-1) Whereupon, by a statute it was there ordained and assented by our lord the king, and by the lords spiritual and temporal, knights, citizens and burgesses there assembled for the commons, that no shoemaker nor cordwainer should practise the craft of the tanner, nor any tanner practise the craft of the cordwainer or shoemaker, upon pain of a certain penalty contained in the same statute. (fn. iii-347-373-2) Which statute and ordinance were ordered by writ of our said lord the king to be upheld throughout the realm, so that no one could excuse himself on the grounds of ignorance of the same; which statute if it were to be duly executed, and the penalty in the same duly levied, would be of great profit to our lord the king and his people. And notwithstanding the said statute, ordinance and penalty, many cordwainers and shoemakers in full knowledge of the said statute still practise the craft of the tanner as before, in contempt of our lord the king, and against his command, to the very great deceit and impoverishment of his commons, because proper execution is not made. Therefore may it please you to ordain a greater penalty thereon for such malefactors and breakers of the said statute, and a remedy and due execution of the same statute, as well for the profit of our said lord the king as for the profit of his common people; for God and by way of charity. |
| [editorial note: Responsio.] | [editorial note: Answer.] |
| Soit l'estatut ent fait tenuz et gardez, et duement executz, ove les peines d'icelle en touz pointz, nientcontresteant ascune repelle, estatut, ou ordenance fait a contraire. | Let the statute made thereon be upheld and kept and duly executed, with the penalties of the same in all respects, notwithstanding any repeal, statute, nor ordinance made to the contrary. |
| [The staple.] | [The staple.] |
| [82.] Les [editorial note: C 65/57 adds the word 'Touchant' before 'les'.] marchandises de l'estaple. A tresexcellent et nostre tresredoute seignur le roy, et soun honurable conseil en cest present parlement, supplient moult humblement voz humbles communes en cest present parlement: qe come la ou l'estaple estoit limite pur demurrer a Caleis, et qe touz les leins, peaux lanutz, quirs, plumbe, estain, furmage, bure, mele, felparie, et sen, passantz hors de vostre roialme, et voz terres d'Irland et Gales, aueroient recours au dite lieu de Caleys, et a nul lieu [editorial note: C 65/57 substitutes the word 'part' for 'lieu'.] aillours; certains persones par lour suggestions ount purchacez licences d'amesner leins, et autres marchandises suisditz, vers queux parties qe lour plerra dela la meer, la ou ceux qe n'ount tieux licences coveignent demurer au dite lieu de Caleis, a graunt profit de ceux qe sont licencez, et damage de ceux qe n'ount licences, et destruction de vostre dite estaple. Qar la ou marchantz estrangers soloient repairer au dite estaple pur avoir leins, ore plusours de eux sont estuffes a lour houstiels par ceux qe ount les dites licences, paront ils sont restreintz de repairer a vostre dite estaple, a graunt damage de vostre mynt, coignage et custumes a Caleis. | 82. The merchandise of the staple. To our most excellent and most redoubtable lord the king and his honourable council in this present parliament, your humble commons in the present parliament pray most humbly that whereas the staple was appointed to remain at Calais, and that all the wool, woolfells, hides, lead, tin, cheese, butter, honey, frippery and oil passing out of your kingdom and your lands of Ireland and Wales should have recourse to the said place of Calais and nowhere else; certain persons by their representations have purchased licences to take wool and other merchandise aforesaid to whatsoever parts it pleases them overseas, whereas those who do not have such licences are required to remain at the said place of Calais, to the great profit of those who are licensed, and the injury of those who do not have licences, and to the destruction of your staple. For although foreign merchants used to repair to the said staple to obtain wool, now many of them are provisioned in their households by those who have the said licences, wherefor they are restrained from repairing to your said staple, to the great injury of your mint, coinage and customs at Calais. |
| Par quoi plese a vostre mageste roial de vostre habundante grace graunter en cest present parlement, qe touz les marchandises suisditz eient recours a vostre estaple au dit lieu de Caleis, et nul lieu aillours dela la meer, sur peine de forfaiture d'icelx, noun obstans aucunes lettres patentes grauntez au contraire: considerant, tresredoute seignur, qe si vostre estaple soit desceverez, il est semblable d'estre destruit en brief temps. | Wherefor may it please your royal majesty of your abundant grace to grant in the present parliament that all the aforesaid merchandise shall have recourse to your staple at the said place of Calais, and nowhere else overseas, on pain of forfeiting the same, notwithstanding any letters patent granted to the contrary: considering, most redoubtable lord, that if your staple be ill-served, it will probably be ruined in a short time. |
| [editorial note: Responsio.] | [editorial note: Answer.] |
| Soit l'estatut ent fait tenuz et gardez qant a grosses marchandises, c'estassavoir leins, quirs, peautz lanutz, esteine, et plumbe tant soulement, sanz graunter ascun licence a contraire si noun par especiale congie du roy mesmes. Et si ascun tiele licence soit graunte a contraire, soit repellez. | Let the statute made thereon be upheld and kept with regard to merchandise in gross, that is to say wool, hides, woolfells, tin and lead only, without granting any licence to the contrary unless by the special permission of the king himself. And if any such licence be granted to the contrary, let it be repealed. |
| [p. iii-371] | |
| [col. a] | |
| [Repairs to Calais harbour.] | [Repairs to Calais harbour.] |
| [83.] Pur le haven de Caleis. A nostre tresredoute seignur le roy, et as treshonurables seignurs de cest present parlement monstre, si plesir vous soit, vostre petit clerc Johan Bernard, tresorer de Caleis: qe come entre plusours overaignes entour la dite ville esteantz, qe en defense et salvacioun de mesme la ville et de les marches illoeqes enboisoignent de jour en autre estre maintenuz et reparaillez, y sount deux grosses overaignes les plus necessaires de toutdis estre sustenuz et supportez; c'estassavoir les beekenes devant le port illoeqes, et le lieu appelle paradys q'est bien pres les fosses de mesme la ville, les quelx beekenes par les hidouses concourses et rages del meer sount toutdys enfeeblissez et [empirez,] sibien des pieres hors buttez de l'estuffure d'icelles, come auxi de maereim, ensi qe s'ils ne soient hastyment amenduz, faitz, et reparaillez, le dit port est en voie d'estre de tout destruitz et anientez pur touz jours; et le dit lieu de paradys est au present si ruinous et si fieblez, qe s'il ne soit de novelle fait et sufficeantement maintenuz et gardez, il est semblable qe en ceo defaute les mures du dite ville d'icelle partie en poi de temps, par les treshabundantes concourses de [meer] serrount de tout descheiez, en destruccioun et anientissement du dit ville, a graund damage de nostre seignur le roy et de son roialme, qe Dieu defende. Encountre les quelx perilles toutdis mettre sufficeant remedie, as costages et despenses de nostre dit seignur le roy soulement, il luy est et serra tresgraund et tresgrevous charge, s'il n'ent soit mys par voz treshautes et tressages discrecions ordenances covenables. Sur quei vous plese de vostre commune assent ordeigner et establir qe toutz maneres des niefs au dit port aucustumez de venir hors d'Engleterre, les batellex de pessoners [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'pessouns'.] soulement horspris, [editorial note: C 65/57 reads 'forspris'.] portent ovek eux toute lour lastage des bones pieres covenables pur l'estuffure de les bekenes susditz, en ent fesantz resonable deliverance de temps en temps a lour venue illoeqes al tresorer qi pur le temps y serra, ou as autres ministres a ceo par luy ordeignez, sur la peine de deux denirs pur le pois de chescunes tonelx es atauntz qe les ditz niefs soient de portage. Et qe touz maneres de niefs au dit lieu de paradys pur y reposer entrantz, paient a chescun lour entree illoeqes quatorsze deniers d'esterlinges, et sur ceo bien lour lise s'ils vuillent y demurer par quatorsze jours, ovesqe atantz des noets adonqes proscheins ensuyantz, saunz pluys ent paier pur lour dit entree. Et en cas q'ils demoergent plus outre les quatorsze jours et noets susditz, adonqes paient ils pur chescun jour et noet un denier, et pur le [soule] jour un maille, et pur la soul noet un maille. Et outre ceo, qe nul manere de persone ne se presume de nul manere nief ne batelle par cable, corde, ne autrement fermer a les maereim ne pieres de les ditz beekenes ne paradys, ne de la novelle keye autrement appelle le wharf a la cost du dit port de Caleis, sur la peyne de quarante deniers, a levers de la nief qe ensy soit trovee fermee. Et qe le dit tresorer qi pur le temps [y serra] eit plein poair, pur luy et ses deputez, de lever et receiver les deniers de les peynes susdites encurruz sourdantz, et d'ent faire paiement [solonc] ceo qe busoigne luy serra en son dit office, par voewe et countrollement del controllour de nostre dit seignur le roy illoeqes. | 83. Concerning the harbour of Calais. To our most redoubtable lord the king and to the very honourable lords of the present parliament, your petty clerk John Bernard, treasurer of Calais, shows, if it please you, that whereas amongst the many works around the said town, which for the defence and protection of the same town and of the marches there need to be maintained and repaired daily, there are two large works which need most to be sustained and supported for ever; that is to say the beacons before the port there, and the place called Paradise which is close to the ditches of the same town, which beacons are continually weakened and undermined by the terrible onslaught and rages of the sea, as well the stones being dislodged from the fabric of the same as the timber, so that if they be not hastily mended, worked and repaired, the said port is in danger of being altogether destroyed and ruined for ever; and the said place of Paradise is at present so ruinous and weakened that if it be not newly rebuilt and adequately maintained and protected, it is likely that as a result the walls of the said town in that part in a short time, through the overwhelming onslaughts of the sea, will be altogether demolished, to the destruction and ruin of the said town and to the great injury of our lord the king and his kingdom, which God forbid. Against which perils provide forever adequate remedy, at the cost and expense of our said lord the king alone, it is and will be a very great and grievous burden for him, if suitable ordinances are not set in place by your very high and wise discretion. Wherefor may it please you of your common assent to ordain and establish that all manner of ships at the said port accustomed to come from England, fishing-boats alone excepted, shall bring with them all their ballast of good stones suitable for the packing of the aforesaid beacons, and making reasonable delivery thereof from time to time on their arrival there to the treasurer at the time, or to other ministers assigned there by him, on pain of two pence per ton-weight, according to the tonnage of the ship. And that all manner of ships entering the said place of Paradise to anchor there shall pay on each entry there fourteen pence in sterling, and after that it shall be wholly permissible for them, if they wish, to stay there for fourteen days and as many nights thereafter, without paying any more for their said entry. And if they should remain longer than the aforesaid fourteen days and nights, then they shall pay a penny for each day and night, and for a single day one halfpenny, and for a single night one halfpenny. Furthermore, that no manner of person shall attempt to tie any kind of ship or boat by cable, cord, nor otherwise to the timber or stones of the said beacons nor to the Paradise, nor to the new quay called the wharf on the edge of the said port of Calais, on pain of forty pence to be levied from the ship found to be so tied. And that the said treasurer at the time shall have power, for himself and his deputies, to levy and receive the money arising from the aforesaid fines incurred, and to make payment thereof according to his need in the said office, by the view and control of the controller of our said lord the king there. |
| [editorial note: Responsio.] | [editorial note: Answer.] |
| Le roy le voet, et ad ordenez et establiz, qe les articles de ceste peticioun soient mys en execucioun < solonc > l'effect et purport d'icelle, en eide et seurete < de la ville de Caleis > . (fn. iii-347-388-1) | The king wills it, and has ordained and decreed that the articles of this petition be put in execution according to the tenor and purport of the same, for the aid and security of the town of Calais. (fn. iii-347-388-1) |
| [Weirs and sluices.] | [Weirs and sluices.] |
| [84.] Touchant les gortz. A nostre tresredoute seignur le roy, et as treshonurables seignurs d'icest present parlement supplient humblement voz humbles communes en cest present parlement: qe come par sire Edward [III] nadgairs roy d'Engleterre, aiel nostre seignur le roy q'ore est, l'an de son regne vint et quint, pur ceo qe communes passages des niefs et bateux en les grauntz rivers d'Engleterre si feurent sovent [col. b] foiz destourbez par le lever des gortz, molyns, estanks, estakes, et kideux, en graunt damage du poeple; accordez feust et establiz, qe touz < tieux > gortz, molyns, estanks, estakes, et kydelx, qe feurent levez et mys en temps le roy Edward [I] filz au roy Henry [III], et depuis, en tieux rivers, par queux les niefs et bateux sont destourbez q'ils ne poent passer [come] ils soleient, soient oustez et nettement abatuz, saunz estre relevez>. (fn. iii-347-391-1) Et qe briefs serroient sur ceo mandez as viscontes des lieux ou mestier serroit, de surveier, et [d'enquere,] et de faire ent execucioun: et auxint, qe justices serroient surceo assignez a touz les foiz q'il busoigneroit. Et apres, a la grevouse pleinte des grantz et des [communes,] fait en le parlement du dit roy Edward [III] l'aiel l'an de son regne quarant et quint, compleignantz par leur peticioun, qe le dit estatut n'estoit pas duement execut, ne gardez solonc l'effect d'icelle, estoit accordez et establiz, qe le dit estatut en ceo point soit tenuz et gardez solonc l'effect d'icelle. Ajoustant a ycelle, qe [si] nul tiel anusance soit abatuz par due proces contenue en le dit estatut, celluy qe ferra relever la dite anusance, et de ceo soit atteint duement, encourge la peine de cent marcs devers le roy, a lever par estrete en l'escheker. (fn. iii-347-391-2) Et autiel ley soi teigne de anusance faite par le enhaucer de tieux gortz, molyns, estanks, estakes, et kydeux, come par novelle lever, come en les ditz estatuz pluis pleinement appiert. Et ore, pur ceo qe les communes passages des niefs et batelx en les grantz rivers d'Engleterre, et auxint prees, et pastures, et terres semez, adjoignantz as ditz rivers, sont grantement destourbez, gastuz, et anientez par le outrageouses enhaucer et estreiture des gortz, molyns, estanks, estakes, et kydeux, auncienement faitz et levez devant le temps le dit roy Edward [I] fitz a roy Henry [III], dount grante damage et perdes sont avenuz sovent al people du roialme, et avendra de jour en autre, si remedie ne soit mys. Pleise a nostre seignur le roy, et as seignurs du parlement, ordener ent due remedie, en oevre de charitee. | 84. Concerning gorces. To our most redoubtable lord the king and the most honourable lords of the present parliament, your humble commons in the present parliament humbly request: whereas by the lord Edward [III] lately king of England, grandfather of our lord the present king, in the twenty-fifth year of his reign, because the free passage of ships and boats on the great rivers of England was so often [col. b] impeded by the building of gorces, mills, ponds, stakes and kiddles, to the great injury of the people; it was agreed and decreed that all such gorces, mills, ponds, stakes and kiddles which were raised and built on such rivers in the time of King Edward [I], son of King Henry [III], and since, by which ships and boats were so impeded that they could not pass as they were accustomed, should be removed and altogether demolished, without being rebuilt. (fn. iii-347-391-1) And that writs thereon should be sent to the sheriffs of the places in question, to inspect and enquire and to put the same into execution: and also that justices be assigned thereon as often as need be. And later, at the grievous complaint of the magnates and commons made in the parliament of the said King Edward [III] the grandfather in the forty-fifth year of his reign, complaining by their petition that the said statute had not been duly executed nor kept according to the purport of the same, it was agreed and established that the said statute be upheld and kept in that respect according to the tenor of the same. (fn. iii-347-391-2) Adding thereto that if any such obstruction should be demolished by due process contained in the said statute, whosoever should cause the said obstruction to be rebuilt, and should be duly convicted thereof, should incur the penalty of one hundred marks towards the king, to be levied by estreat in the exchequer. And such a law should hold force for an obstruction created by the enlargement of such gorces, mills, ponds, stakes and kiddles, as well as for new building, as appears more fully in the said statutes. And now, however, the free passsage of ships and boats on the great rivers of England, and also the meadows, and pastures and sown lands adjoining the said rivers, are greatly disturbed, wasted and ruined by the outrageous enlargement and narrowing of the gorces, mills, ponds, stakes and kiddles built and levied of old before the time of the said King Edward [I], son of King Henry [III], by which great injury and losses have often arisen for the people of the realm, and will arise from day to day if remedy be not provided. May it please our lord the king and the lords of parliament to ordain a due remedy thereon, by way of charity. |
| [memb. 1] | |
| [editorial note: Responsio.] | [editorial note: Answer.] |
| Acordez est et assentuz, qe les ditz estatutz contenues en ceste peticioun soient en touz lour articles tenuz et fermement gardez, et duement executz, ovesqe les peines et solonc l'effect d'icelles. Adjoustant a ycelles, qe commissions soient faitz en due forme as sufficeantz persones d'estre justices en chescun countee d'Engleterre ou busoigne serra de surveire et garder les eawes et grantz rivers illoeqes, et les defautes corriger et amender, et due execucioun faire de les ditz estatutz solonc l'effect d'icelles, sibien par leur surveu, advis et discrecioun, come par enquestes ent aprendre deinz franchises et dehors, si et quant busoigne serra; et d'oier et terminer les choses suisditz. Et outre ceo, de surveer les gortz, molyns, estankes, estakes, et kydeux, et passage des niefs et bateux auncienement faitz et levez devant le dit temps de roy Edward [I] filz a roy Henry [III]; et ceux q'ils troverent trop enhaucez ou estreitez, de les corriger, abbater, amender, en la manere et forme suisdit. Sauvant toutfoitz resonable substance de les gortz, molyns, estankes, estakes, et kydeux suisditz, issint auncienement faitz et levez. Et si ascunes tieles anusances des gortz, molyns, estankes, estakes, et kydeux, des passages et estroitures auncienement faites et levez soient adjuggez ou agardez par les ditz justices d'estre abatuz ou amendez, celluy qe ad le frank tenement d'icelles ferra ent execucioun a ses costages, deinz un demy an apres notificacioun a luy ent affaire, sur peine de .c. marcz appaier au roy par estretes en l'escheqer. Et celluy qe le face relever, ou enhaucer, ou estroiter, encontre le dit juggement, et de ceo soit duement convict, encourge la peine de .c. marcz, appaier au roy par estretes en l'escheqer suisdit. Et en cas qe ascun se sent estre grevez par execution ou autre voie en celle partie, encontre droit et resoun, pursue, et eit droit et remede. (fn. iii-347-394-1) | It is agreed and assented that the said statutes contained in this petition should be upheld and firmly kept in all their articles, and duly executed, together with the penalties and according to the tenor of the same. Adding thereto that commissions should be made in due form to sufficient persons to be justices in every county of England where need be to inspect and protect the waters and great rivers there and correct and amend faults, and duly to execute the said statutes according to the tenor of the same, as well by their inspection, advice and discretion, as by inquests to be held thereon within franchise and without, if and when need be; and to hear and determine the aforesaid matters. And also to inspect the gorces, mills, ponds, stakes and kiddles, and the passage of ships and boats made and raised of old before the said time of King Edward [I], son of King Henry [III]; and to correct, demolish, or amend in the aforesaid manner those which they find too much enlarged or restricted. Saving always the reasonable substance of the gorces, mills, ponds, stakes and kiddles aforesaid, thus built and raised of old. And if any such obstructions by gorces, mills, ponds, stakes and kiddles of the passages and narrowings made and raised of old be adjudged or considered by the said justices to be demolished or modified, whosoever has the freehold of the same shall perform the work thereof at his own expense within half a year of his being notified, on pain of one hundred marks to be paid to the king by estreat in the exchequer. And he who causes it to be rebuilt, or enlarged, or narrowed against the said judgment, and is duly convicted thereof, shall incur the penalty of one hundred marks, to be paid to the king by estreat in the aforesaid exchequer. And if anyone feels aggrieved by the execution or in any other way in this matter, against right and reason, let him sue, and have right and remedy. (fn. iii-347-394-1) |
| [p. iii-372] | |
| [col. a] | |
| Et surce nostre seignur le roy, par assent des ditz seignurs et chivalers issint assignez par auctorite du parlement, ad fait sur les ditz peticions et les responses d'icelles certeins estatutz et ordenances par l'auctorite suisdite. | And thereupon our lord the king, by the assent of the said lords and knights thus assigned by authority of parliament, made on the said petitions and the answers to the same certain statutes and ordinances by the aforesaid authority. |
| [Peine] de contrariantz l'estatutz. | The penalty for contravenors of the statutes. |
| [85.] Item, nostre dit seignur le roy, mesme le marsdy lendemayn de Seint Edward, par mesme l'assent de les ditz seignurs et chivalers des contees ensi assignez par la dite auctorite du parlement, voet et ad ordenez qe chescun qe pursuee ou procure de repeller ou reverser ascuns des ditz estatutz ou ordenances faites par le roy de l'assent des ditz seignurs et chivalers issint [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'issint'.] assignez par poair et auctorite du parlement, et ceo duement provee en parlement, q'il soit adjuggez et eit execucioun come traitour au roy et a roialme, en mesme la manere come ceux qe pursuont ou procuront de repeller les estatutz et ordenances faites en temps del [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'temps del'.] dit parlement durant. [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'durant'.] (fn. iii-347-399-1) | 85. Also, our said lord the king, on the same Tuesday which was the morrow of St Edward [19 March 1398], by the same assent of the said lords and knights of the shires thus assigned by the said authority of parliament, wills and has ordained that everyone who pursues or procures to repeal or reverse any of the said statutes or ordinances made by the king with the assent of the said lords and knights thus assigned by power and authority of parliament, it being duly proved in parliament, shall be adjudged and have execution as a traitor to the king and kingdom, in the same manner as those who pursue or procure the repeal of the statutes and ordinances made during the course of the said parliament. (fn. iii-347-399-1) |
| 86. Et surceo la fourme et tenure des serementz quelles les prelatz ferront a roy sur la liveree de leur temporaltees, et les seignurs temporeles, et autres, ferront sur la liveree de leur terres et tenementz en temps avenir, est fait plus large; c'estassavoir, pur tenir et sustenir sibien toutz les ditz estatutz et ordenances ensi faites apres le parlement par auctorite d'icelle, comes les autres estatutz et ordenances faitz deinz le temps du parlement susdit. Le tenour de queles serementz s'ensuit: | 86. And thereupon the form and tenor of the oaths which the said prelates would make to the king on delivery of their temporalities, and the lords temporal and others would make on the delivery of their lands and tenements in time to come, was extended; that is to say, to uphold and sustain as well all the said statutes and ordinances thus made after the parliament by the authority of the same, as the other statutes and ordinances made in the time of the aforesaid parliament. The tenor of which oaths follow: |
| [Sacramentum] prelatorum super liberatione temporalium. | The oath of the prelates on the delivery of temporalities. |
| Vous jurrez, qe bien et loialment tendrez, sustendrez, et esterrez sanz fraude ou male engyne ove touz les estatutz, establissementz, ordenances, et juggementz, faitz ou renduz en le parlement sommons et commencez a Westm' lundy proschein apres le fest del Exaltacioun de la Seinte Croice, l'an du regne nostre seignur le roy Richard second puis le conquest vint [editorial note: C 65/57 inserts 'et' at this point.] primer, et d'illoeqes ajournez a Salop' tanqe a la quinzeine de Seint Hiller' adonqes proschein ensuant et illeoqes terminez; [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'et illeoqes terminez'.] et aussi toutz les estatutz et ordenances faitz apres le dit parlement par le roy et seignurs, et chivalers des contees d'Engleterre venantz pur les communes a mesme le parlement, par poair et auctoritee ent commis et donez a eux en mesme le parlement, sanz jammes aler ou fair a l'encontre de nul d'icelle, ou dependantz ou parcelle d'icelle; ne qe jammes vous les repellerez, revokerez, casserez, irriterez, reverserez, ne adnullerez, ne jammes soeffrez repeller, revoker, casser, irriter, reverser, ne adnuller, a vivre et morer. Sauvant au roi sa regalie et liberte, et le droit de sa corone. | You shall swear that you will well and loyally uphold, sustain and observe without fraud or ill intent all the statutes, decrees, ordinances and judgments made or rendered in the parliament summoned and begun at Westminster on Monday next after the feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross in the twenty-first year of the reign of our lord King Richard the second since the conquest [17 September 1397], and from there adjourned to Shrewsbury until the quindene of St Hilary then next following [27 January 1398]; and also all the statutes and ordinances made after the said parliament by the king and lords, and the knights of the shires of England coming on behalf of the commons to the same parliament, by power and authority thereon committed and given to them in the same parliament, without ever going or acting against any of the same, or their dependencies, or part of the same; and that you will never repeal, revoke, cancel, invalidate, reverse, nor annul them, nor ever allow them to be repealed, revoked, cancelled, invalidated, reversed, nor annulled, as you live and die. Saving to the king his regality and liberty and the right of his crown. |
| Sacramentum dominorum temporalium super liberacione hereditatum suarum. | The oath of the lords temporal on the delivery of their inheritance. |
| Vous jurrez, qe bien et loialment tendrez, sustendrez, et esterrez sanz fraude ou male engyn ove touz les estatutz, establissementz, ordenances, et juggementz, faitz ou renduz en le parlement sommons et commencez a Westm' le lundy proschein apres le fest del Exaltacioun de la Seinte Croice, l'an du regne nostre seignur le roy Richard second puis le conquest vint primer, et d'illoeqes ajournez a Salop' tanqe al quinzeine de Seint Hiller adonqes proschein ensuant et illeoqes terminez; [editorial note: C 65/57 omits 'et illeoqes terminez'.] et aussi toutz les estatutz et ordenances faitz apres le dit parlement par le roy, seignurs et chivalers des contees d'Engleterre venantz pur les communes a mesme le parlement, par poair et auctorite ent commys et donez a eux en mesme le parlement, sanz jammes aler ou faire a l'encontre de nul d'icelle, ou dependantz ou parcelle d'icelle; ne qe jammes vous [...] les repellerez, revokerez, casserez, irriterez, reverserez, ne adnullerez, ne jammes soeffrez repeller, revoker, casser, irriter, reverser, ne adnuller, a vivre et murrer. | You shall swear that you will well and loyally uphold, sustain, and observe without fraud or ill intent all the statutes, decrees, ordinances and judgments made or rendered in the parliament summoned and begun at Westminster on Monday next after the feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross in the twenty-first year of the reign of our lord King Richard the second since the conquest [17 September 1397], and from there adjourned to Shrewsbury until the quindene of St Hilary then next following [27 January 1398]; and also all the statutes and ordinances made after the said parliament by the king and lords, and the knights of the shires of England coming on behalf of the commons to the same parliament, by power and authority thereon committed and given to them in the same parliament, never to go or act against any of the same, or their dependencies, or part of the same; and that you will never repeal, revoke, cancel, invalidate, reverse, nor annul them, nor ever allow them to be repealed, revoked, cancelled, invalidated, reversed, nor annulled, as you live and die. |
| Et vous jurrez, qe jammes en temps advenir vous ne soeffrez nully vivant aler ne faire a l'encontre de nul des [col. b] estatutz, establissementz, ordenances, et juggementz suisditz, ne a nul dependantz ou parcelle d'icelle. Et si nully le face, et de ceo soit duement convict, vous ferrez vostre entiere poair et diligence sanz fraude ou male engyne, et pursuerez devers nostre seignur le roy et ses heirs roys d'Engleterre, de luy faire avoir execucioun come haut traitour au roy et au roialme. Savant au roy sa regalie et libertee, et le droit de sa corone. | And you shall swear that never in the future will you allow anyone living to go or act and against any of the [col. b] statutes, decrees, ordinances and judgments aforesaid, nor any dependents nor parts of the same. And if anyone does so, and is duly convicted thereof, you will devote all your power and diligence without fraud or ill design, and sue to our lord the king and his heirs the kings of England, to cause him to have execution as a high traitor to the king and kingdom. Saving to the king his regality and liberty and the right of his crown. |
| Repell de patent de duc de Hereford'. | The repeal of the patent of the duke of Hereford. |
| Item numbers 87 to 90 are supplied from roll C 65/57. | |
| 87. Fait a remembrer, qe marsdy le .xviij. me jour de Marce, l'an du regne nostre seignur le roy .xxij., a Westm' en presence du roy monstre feust par le chanceller d'Engleterre as plusours seignurs espirituels et temporels y esteantz par commandement du roy, coment Henry duc de Hereford apres le juggement envers luy renduz a Coventre par auctorite du parlement, ad pursuez a nostre dit seignur le roy, par petition lue devaunt nostre dit seignur le roy et les seignurs, pur diverses choses et matiers comprises el dit peticioun; et entre autres choses en especial, qe en cas q'ascun succession ou ascunes heritages luy deveroient descendre ou escheer en sa absence, pur queux il deust faire homage, q'il par ses attournees purroit pursuir et avoir livere des tiels heritages ou succession a luy ensi descenduz, ou en autre manere eschuz; et qe son homage, et foialte lui serroit respitez; come par les Lettres Patentes ent faites pluis pleinement appiert. (fn. iii-347-412-1) Quelles lettres par inadvertence, et sanz covenable advisement, ou mere deliberacioun, come affiert, feurent grantez au dit duc. Et lesqueux puis vieues et diligealment examinez, ovesqe toutz les circumstances et dependences d'icelles, trovez est qe mesmes les lettres sont overtement encontre les ditz juggementz renduz a Coventre: Por ceo qe le dit duc, apres le dit juggement ensi renduz, ne feust persone hable d'avoir n'accept benefice de les lettres avantdites. Et partant adjuggez est par nostre dit seignur le roy, et par Esmon duc d'Everwyk, Edward duc d'Aumarle, Johan duc d'Excestre, Johan Markys de Dors', Johan cont de Sarum, Henry cont de Northumbr', Thomas cont de Gloucestre, Thomas cont de Wircestre, et William cont de Wiltes'; Johan Bussy, Henry Grene, Johan Russell, et Robert Teye, chivalers venantz pur le parlement, aiantz a ceo poair par vertue et auctorite du parlement, de l'assent des seignurs espirituels et temporels avantditz, qe les ditz lettres patentes, ove toutes les circumstances et dependences d'icelles, soient de tout revokez, adnullez, cassez, et repellez, et l'enrollement d'icelles en la chancellarie cancellez. Et qe sibien les dites lettres patentes, come l'enrollement d'icelles, foient voides et tenuz de null force ne vertue as toutz jours. | 87. Be it remembered that on Tuesday 18 March in the twenty-second year of the reign of our lord the king [1399], at Westminster in the presence of the king it was explained by the chancellor of England to the many lords spiritual and temporal being there on the king's orders that Henry duke of Hereford, after the judgment rendered against him at Coventry by the authority of parliament, sued to our said lord the king by a petition read before our said lord the king and the lords for various things and matters contained in the said petition, and amongst other things in particular, that if any succession or any inheritances should descend or fall to him in his absence for which he ought to do homage, that he by his attorneys might pursue and have delivery of such inheritances or succession descending to him or falling to him in any other way, and that his homage and fealty be delayed; as more fully appears in his letters patent made thereon. (fn. iii-347-412-1) Which letters through inadvertence, and without suitable advice or due deliberation, as appropriate, were granted to the said duke. And which having then been seen and diligently examined, with all the circumstances and dependencies of the same, it was found that the same letters were clearly contrary to the said judgments rendered at Coventry: because the said duke, after the said judgement thus rendered, had not been a person able to have or accept the benefit of the aforesaid letters. And for that reason it was adjudged by our said lord the king, and by Edmund duke of York, Edward duke of Aumale, John duke of Exeter, John marquis of Dorset, John earl of Salisbury, Henry earl of Northumberland, Thomas earl of Gloucester, Thomas earl of Worcester, and William earl of Wiltshire; John Bushy, Henry Green, John Russell, and Robert Teye, knights coming for the parliament; having power for this by virtue and authority of parliament, with the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal aforesaid, that the said letters patent, with all the circumstances and dependencies of the same, should be entirely revoked, annulled, cancelled and repealed, and the enrolment of the same in the chancery cancelled. And that the said letters patent and the enrolment of the same be invalid and held to be of no force or virtue in time to come. |
| Repell de patent de duc de Norff'. | The repeal of the patent of the duke of Norfolk. |
| 88. Item, mesme le jour, feust monstrez overtement devant le roy et les ditz seignurs, coment le duc de Norff' avoit autielx lettres patentes pur son heritage ou succession s'ils aviendroient, et de luy respiter son hommage en s'absence, en manere come il feust grantez au dit duc de Hereford. (fn. iii-347-415-1) Et sur ceo prie feust, qe celles lettres soient semblablement repellez; a quel le roy s'agrea bien. Et sur ceo adjugez feust par nostre dit seignur le roy, et par les ditz ducs, marquys, et conts, et par les ditz Johan Bussy, Henry Grene, Johan Russell, et Robert Teye, aiantz a ceo poair par auctorite du parlement, qe mesmes les lettres patentes ensi faites au dit duc de Norff' soient revokez, adnullez, cassez, et repellez, et l'enrollement d'icelles en la chancellerie cancellez, en manere come desuis est dit de les lettres du dit duc de Hereford'. | 88. Also, on the same day [18 March 1399], it was openly shown before the king and the said lords that the duke of Norfolk had similar letters patent for his inheritance or succession if they should arise, and to delay his homage in his absence, such as had been granted to the said duke of Hereford. (fn. iii-347-415-1) Whereupon it was prayed that those letters should be similarly repealed; to which the king fully assented. And then it was adjudged by our said lord the king, and by the said dukes, marquis, and earls, and by the said John Bushy, Henry Green, John Russell and Robert Teye, having power therein by authority of parliament, that the same letters patent thus made to the said duke of Norfolk should be revoked, annulled, cancelled and repealed, and the enrolment of the same in the chancery revoked, in the manner given above relating to the letters of the said duke of Hereford. |
| 89. As queux juggementz, ordenances, et establissementz ensi faitz, ordeinez, et assentuz le dit marsdy [p. iii-373][col. a] le .xviij. me jour de Marce, et toutz les estatutz, establissementz, ordinances, et juggementz faitz et renduz en dit parlement, ou a Coventre, ou aillours par vertue et auctorite de mesme le parlement, fermement tenir et gardir, sibien les seignurs espirituels come temporels, et certeins chivalers pur countes, par auctorite de parlement y esteantz mesme le marsdy, feurent jurrez en presence du roy sur la croice de Cantirbirs de les tenir et sustenir, et d'esteer ove ycelles sanz fraude ou male engyne, solonc la fourme et effect de les serementz par eux faitz par devant, come contenuz est en rolle de parlement. Des queux seignurs et chivalers les nouns cy ensuent, c'est assavoir: | 89. To uphold and straitly protect the which judgments, ordinances, and decrees thus made, ordained, and agreed on the said Tuesday [p. iii-373][col. a] 18 March [1399], and all the statutes, decrees, ordinances and judgments made and rendered in the said parliament, or at Coventry, or elsewhere by virtue and authority of the same parliament, the lords spiritual and temporal, and certain knights of the shires, being there by authority of parliament on the same Tuesday [18 March 1399], were sworn in the presence of the king on the cross of Canterbury, to uphold and sustain them, and abide by the same without fraud or ill design, according to the form and tenor of the oaths previously made by them, as is contained on the roll of parliament. The names of which lords and knights follow, namely: |
| 90. Et apres cestes serementz ensi faitz, le chaunceller, par comandement du roy, comanda overtement qe toutz ceaux qe ne feuront jurrez, et vorroient tenir cestes juggementz, serementz, et ordenances, adresseroient en haut lour mayns dextres. Quele chose feust faite et assentuz par tout le poeple esteantz en presence du roy. | 90. And after these oaths thus made, the chancellor, by command of the king, publicly ordered that all those who had not sworn, and would uphold these judgments, oaths and ordinances, should hold up their right hands. Which thing was done and agreed by all the company then in the king's presence. |
| [editorial note: The following text is on a damaged schedule, measuring approximately 320mm in width and 245mm in length, stitched to membrane 1 of C 65/58.] Rex dilectis et fidelibus suis < majori, civitatis > < London', Matheo Southworth', < Nicholao Carreu', > Waltero Crukelond', Thome Tildesley, Willelmo Frye, > salutem. Sciatis quod cum per dominum Edwardum nuper regem Anglie avum nostrum anno regni avi vicesimo quinto pro eo quod communa passagia navium et batellorum in magnis ripariis [...] per errecionem gurgitum, molendinorum, stagnorum, palorum, et kidellorum ad grave dampnum populi sui sepius impedita fuerunt concordatum fuisset et statutum quod omnia hujusmodi gurgites, molendina, stagna, [palos, et kidellos] que in dictis ripariis tempore domini Edwardi [I] quondam regis Anglie filii regis Henrici [III] et postea posita fuerunt et erecta per que naves et batelli impediuntur quod transire non possunt sicut solebant amoveant [...] prosternant absque eo quod releventur et quod littera super hoc mitterentur vicecomitibus locorum ubi indigeret ad supervidendum et inquirendum et ad execucionem inde faciendum, quodque justiciarios super hoc assignarent [...] indigeret; (fn. iii-347-423-1) ac postmodum ad gravem querelam magnatum communitatum factam in < predicto > parliamento predicti avi nostri anno regni sui quadragesimo quinto per peticionem suam conqerencium quod statutum predictum juxta effectum [...] , debite executum non fuerit nec observatum, statutum fuerit et concordatum quod dictum statutum in hoc articulo teneatur et observetur juxta effectum ejusdem, addendo ad idem statutum quod [si] aliquod [...] per debitum processum in eodem statuto contentum sit prostratum ipse qui dictum nocumentum levari fecerit et inde debite convictus fuerit incurrat erga nos penam centum marcarum levandarum in octavis p [asche] eadem lex teneat de nocumento facto per exaltacionem < talem > gurgitum molendinorum, stagnorum, palorum, et kidellorum ut per novam levacionem; (fn. iii-347-423-2) ac jam ad requisicionem communitatum predictarum per peticionem suam in [...] quod communa passagia navium et batellorum in magnis ripariis Anglie ac eciam prata et pasture ac terre seminate predictis ripariis adjacencia per excessivas exaltacionem et stricturam gurgitum molendinorum, [stagnorum,] palorum, et kidellorum ante tempus predicti Edwardi [I] regis filii regis Henrici [III] antiquitus factorum et levatorum multipliciter impediuntur, inundantur, et vastantur, et destriuntur, unde gravia dampna populo regni nostri evenerint et indies verisimiliter evenient nisi remedium inde apponatur, de assensu dictorum dominorum et magnatum ac certorum militum ad ultimum parliamentum nostrum pro communitate dicti regni venentium auc [toritate] parliamenti in hac parte commissa concordatum sit et statutum quod statuta predicta in omnibus articulis suis teneantur et firmiter observentur ac debite execucioni demandentur cum penis et juxta effectum [ejusdem] , addendo ad eadem quod commissiones fiant in forma debita sufficientibus personis ad essendum [justiciarii in quolibet comitatu Anglie ubi necesse fuerit ad supervidendum et custodiendum aquas [...] ibidem ac defectus corrigendum et emendandum, et debitam execucionem statutorum predictorum juxta effectum eorumdem faciendum tam per eorum supervisum, advisamentum, et discrecionem, quam per inquisiciones infra libertates et extra inde [...] si et quando indigebit ac < ad > premissa audiendum et terminandum et ultra hoc ad supervidendum gurgites, molendina, stagna, palos, et kidellos ante dictum tempus regis Edwardi [I] filii regis Henrici [III] facta et levata et ea que invenerint nimie exaltata vel stricta corrigendum prosternendum et emendandum modo et forma supradictis; salva semper racionabili substancia gurgitum, molendinorum, stagnorum, palorum, et kidellorum predictorum antiquitus sic factorum et levatorum et si aliqua talia nocumenta gurgitum, molendinorum, stagnorum, palorum, et kidellorum, passagiorum, et stricturarum antiquitus factorum et levatorum per dictos justiciarios judicata vel considerata fuerint fore prosternenda et emendenda ille qui habet liberum tenementum eorumdem faciet < inde > execucionem ad custus suos infra dimidium annum post notificacionem sibi inde faciendam sub pena centum marcarum nobis per extractas in scaccario solvendarum, et ille qui ea [...] dictum judicium levari, exaltari, vel stringi fecerit, et inde debite convincta, incurrat penam centum marcarum nobis solvendarum < per extractas > in scaccario supradicto et in casu quo aliquis per execucionem vel alio modo contra justiciam et racionem senserit se fore gravatum in hac parte prosequatur et habeat justiciam et remedium prout in statutis predictis < plenius continetur. (fn. iii-347-423-3) Nos, pro observacione et execucione statuti hujusmodi auctoritate dicti ultimi parliamenti nostri sic facti > dictorumque statutorum per prefatum avum nostrum confectorum ac pro indempnitate nostra et populi nostri relevamine in hac parte volentes specialiter < providere, > assignavimus vos quinque, quatuor, tres, duos vestrum, quorum aliquem vestrum, vos prefati Mathee [sic: read 'Matheus'] , Thoma [sic: read 'Thomas'] , et Willelme [sic: read 'Willelmus'] , unum esse volumus, justiciarios nostros, ad supervidendum et custodiendum aquas et magnas riparias in comitatu Midd' ac < defens > inde corrigendum et emendandum de dictis statutis per dictum avum nostrum confectis juxta effectum eorumdem debitam execucionem faciendum tam per supervisum, advisamentum, et discrecionem vestra quam < per > inquisiciones inde capiendas infra libertates et < extra > et quando indigebit, ac ad premissa audiendum et terminandum secundum legem et consuetudinem regni nostri Anglie, ac eciam ad gurgites, molendina, stagna, palos, et kidellos ante dictum tempus regis Edwardi [I] filii regis Henrici [III] supradictis, et ea que nimie exaltata vel stricta inveneritis corrigenda, prosternenda, et emendanda modo et forma supradictis; salva semper racionabili substancia gurgitum, molendinorum, stagnorum, palorum, et kidellorum predictorum antiquitus factorum et levatorum, et ad omnia alia et singula tam in dicto statuto auctoritate dicti ultimi parliamenti nostri sic facta, quam in aliis statutis predictis contenta, faciendum et exequendum ac audiendum et terminandum juxta vim et effectum statutorum predictorum secundum legem et consuetudinem supradictas. Et ideo vobis mandamus quod ad certos dies et loca quos vos quinque, quatuor, tres, vel duo vestrum, quorum aliquem vestrum, vos prefati Mathee [sic: read 'Matheus'] , Thoma [sic: read 'Thomas'] , et Willelme [sic: read 'Willelmus'] , unum esse volumus, ad hoc provideritis diligenter super premissis [faciatis inquisiciones et premissa omnia et singula faciatis et expleatis ac audiatis et terminetis in forma predicta [fenri] inde quod ad justiciam pertinet, secundum legem et consuetudinem regni nostri Anglie; salvis nobis amerciamentis et aliis ad nos inde spectantibus. Mandamus enim vicecomiti nostro comitatus predicti quod ad certos dies et loca quos vos quinque, quatuor, [...] tres, vel duo vestrum, quorum aliquem vestrum, vos prefati Mathee [sic: read 'Matheus'] , Thoma [sic: read 'Thomas'] , et Willelme [sic: read 'Willelmus'] , unum esse volumus, ei scire faciat venire faciat coram vobis quinque, quatuor, tribus vel duobus vestrum, quorum aliquem vestrum vos Mathee [sic: read 'Matheus'] , Thoma [sic: read 'Thomas'] , et Willelme [sic: read 'Willelmus'] , unum esse volumus, tot et tales probos, legale homines de balliva sua tam infra libertates quam extra per quos rei veritas in premissis melius sciri poterit et inquiri. In cujus, etc. Teste Rege apud Westm' .xvi. die Junii anno vicesimo primo. | The king to his dear and faithful mayor [and] citizens of London, Matthew Southworth, Nicholas Carew, Walter Crookland, Thomas Tildesley [and] William Fry, greeting. Know that whereas it was agreed and ordained by statute by the lord Edward [III], late king of England, our grandfather, in the twenty-fifth year of the grandfather's reign, because the common passage of ships and boats on the important rivers was often impeded by the erection of gorces, mills, dams, stakes and kiddles, to the grave damage of his people, that all such gorces, mills, dams, stakes and kiddles which had been placed and erected in the said rivers in the time of the lord Edward [I], formerly king of England, son of King Henry [III], and afterwards, whereby ships and boats were impeded because they could not pass as they used to, should be removed [and] taken down in such wise that they could not be re-erected, and that letters thereon should be sent to the sheriffs of the places where there is need to supervise and inquire, and to make execution thereon, and that justices should be assigned thereon [where] there is need; (fn. iii-347-423-1) and afterwards, at the grievous complaint of a great many of the commons made in the parliament of our aforesaid grandfather in the forty-fifth year of his reign, by their petition complaining that the aforesaid statute, according to the effect [of the same], had not been duly executed nor observed, it was ordained by statute and agreed that the said statute, in that article, should be kept and observed according to the effect of the same, adding to the same statute that if anything should be taken down by due process contained in the same statute, he who caused the said nuisance to be raised again, and is duly convicted thereof, shall incur a penalty towards us of a hundred marks to be levied on the octave of Easter, [and] the same law shall be upheld for nuisances created by the re-erection of such gorces, mills, dams, stakes and kiddles as by new raising; (fn. iii-347-423-2) and now at the request of the commons aforesaid by their petition that the common passage of ships and boats in the important rivers of England is impeded, and also the meadows and pastures and cultivated lands next to the aforesaid rivers are flooded and wasted and destroyed by the excessive raising and narrowing of the gorces, mills, dams, stakes and kiddles made and raised of old, before the time of the aforesaid King Edward [I], son of King Henry [III], whereby grievous damage will befall the people of our realm and is most likely to occur from day to day unless remedy is applied thereon, with the assent of the lords and magnates, and of certain knights coming to our last parliament on behalf of the commons of the said realm, by the authority of parliament committed in this regard, it is agreed and decreed that the aforesaid statutes should be kept and firmly observed in all their articles and duly executed, with the penalties demanded, and according to the effect of the same, adding to the same that commissions shall be made in due form to sufficient persons to be justices in any county of England where there is need to supervise and protect the waters [and rivers] there, and to correct and put right the defects, and to make due execution of the statutes aforesaid according to the effect of the same, as well by their supervision, advice and discretion as by inquests [held] thereon, within liberties and without, as and when there is need, and to hear and determine the premises, and in addition to this to supervise the gorces, mills, dams, stakes and kiddles made and raised before the said time of King Edward [I], son of King Henry [III], and to correct, take down and put right those which they find too raised or narrow in the manner and form aforesaid; saving always the reasonable structures of the gorces, mills, dams, stakes and kiddles aforesaid thus made and raised of old; [and] if any such nuisances of gorces, mills, dams, stakes and kiddles, fords and narrows made and raised of old shall be adjudged or considered by the said justices to be taken down and put right, he who has the freehold of them shall make execution thereof at his own costs within half a year after notification has been made to him thereon, on pain of a hundred marks to be paid to us by estreat in the exchequer, and he who [...] shall have caused the said judgment to be levied, raised or moved, and is duly attainted thereof, shall incur the penalty of a hundred marks to be paid to us by estreat in the abovesaid exchequer, and if anyone feels himself to be injured in that regard by the execution, or in another way, contrary to justice and reason, let him sue and have justice and remedy, as is more fully contained in the statute aforesaid. (fn. iii-347-423-3) For the observation and execution of which statute thus made by the authority of our said last parliament, and of the said statutes made by our aforesaid grandfather, and wishing to provide particularly for our indemnity and the relief of our people in this regard, we have assigned you, or five, four, three, two of you, of whom the aforesaid Matthew, Thomas, or William we will to be one, our justices, to supervise and protect the waters and great rivers of the county of Middlesex and correct and amend them according to the said statutes made by our said grandfather, and make due execution according to the effect of them, as well by your supervision, advice and discretion, as by inquests to be held thereon, within liberties and without, and when there will be need, and to hear and determine the premises according to the law and custom of our realm of England, and also to correct, take down and amend the gorces, mills, dams, stakes and kiddles [made] before the said time of the abovesaid King Edward [I], son of King Henry [III], and those which you find unduly raised or narrow, in the abovesaid manner and form; saving always the reasonable structures of the gorces, mills, dams, stakes and kiddles aforesaid made and raised of old; and to do and execute, and hear and determine, each and every other thing thus made as well in the said statute by the authority of our said last parliament, as contained in the other aforesaid statutes, according to the force and effect of the aforesaid statutes, according to the abovesaid law and custom. And therefore we command you that on certain days and at certain places which you five, four, three, or two of you, of whom we will the aforesaid Matthew, Thomas, or William to be one, will provide for this, you shall diligently hold inquests on the premisses, and you shall do and execute and hear and determine each and every one of the premises in the aforesaid form, [doing] thereon what pertains to justice, according to the law and custom of our realm of England; saving to us the amercements and other things which pertain to us thereon. And therefore we command our sheriff of the aforesaid county that on certain days and at certain places which you five, four, three, or two of you, of whom we will that the aforesaid Matthew, Thomas, or William be one, that he shall cause to know [and] cause to come before you five, four, three, or two of you, of whom we will the aforesaid Matthew, Thomas, or William to be one, as many and such wise [and] lawful men of his bailiwick, as well within liberties as without, by whom the truth of the matter on the premises might be better known and inquired. In [witness] of which, etc. Witnessed by the king at Westminster, 16 June, in [our] twenty-first year [1398]. |