| 1 |
For Kersal generally see Mr. E. Axon
in Bygone Lancs. A hill in the centre
was known as Castle Hill or Cross Hill. |
| 2 |
The following from the Manch. City
News of 20 Jan. 1906 gives a pleasant
picture of Broughton as the correspondent
saw it seventy years ago: 'At the Strangeways end of Broughton Lane were a few
residences, whilst in the near fields was a
nest of working men's lock-up gardens,
wherein many a rare pink and picotee,
and many a swelling stock of celery were
nourished with fond and jealous care. The
lane was knee-deep in sand, and the resort
of numerous red and brown butterflies,
till it joined the lower road from Broughton Bridge near the suspension bridge.
So by a few cottages to the Griffin Inn,
the Cheetham Arms, and its opposite ford
—a noted bathing-place for Manchester
youths. Round about this locality were
several farms, one especially (now covered
by Albert Park) lives in our remembrance
as the pasture to which was taken each
evening, more than a century ago, our ancestor's old mare, the first horse used in
Manchester in a gin to turn the mill
which perched or straightened the nap on
the back of fustian pieces.
'Some little distance beyond the "Griffin," in Lower Broughton Road, opposite
Castle Irwell, a clough dipped into the
Stony Knolls, and down it came the rain
water and found its way to the Irwell
across the road. This watercourse gave the
clough the descriptive name of Broughton
Spout. From Broughton Bridge, right and
left of the new cut, Great Clowes Street,
were fields. In the centre of one stood a
mansion on an artificially raised mound.
Being thus the exceptional house above the
floods, it was called Noah's Ark, and was
the residence of James Whitlow, solicitor, of St. James's Square, Manchester.' |
| 3 |
1,418 acres, including 32 of inland
water; Census Rep. 1901. |
| 4 |
Built in 1806–69. Springfield Lane
Bridge, to the east, was made in 1850–80. |
| 5 |
Opened in 1880. There is a footbridge to the south, from the end of
Hough Lane into Pendleton. The suspension bridge, to the north, was opened
in 1826; it is close to the old Broughton
Ford, which was reopened in 1841.
A bridge called Littleton Bridge has
recently been erected by the Clowes family
to develop the Kersal estate. |
| 6 |
Opened in 1882. |
| 7 |
Lancs. and Ches. Antiq. Soc. v, 296,
328, 330; x, 250, 251; xii, 118; ii, 146;
viii, 127. |
| 8 |
Watkin, Rom. Lancs. 52. |
| 9 |
a Information of Mr. B. H. Mullen. |
| 10 |
Pal. Note Bk. ii, 262. |
| 11 |
Subs. R. Lancs. 250/9. William
Allen's house had 12 hearths, Elizabeth
Lever's 9, and George Kenyon's 8. |
| 12 |
'A strange, unheard of race' for
women in 1681 is noticed by Oliver Heywood as a sign of the times; Diaries, ii, 284.
The earliest record of horse-racing at
Kersal is contained in the following
notice in the Lond. Gaz. of 2–5 May
1687: 'On Carsall Moore near Manchester in Lancashire on the 18th instant, a
20£. plate will be run for to carry ten
stone, and ride three heats, four miles
each heat. And the next day another
plate of 40£. will be run for at the same
moore, riding the same heats and carrying
the same weight. The horses marks are
to be given in four days before to Mr.
William Swarbrick at the Kings Arms in
Manchester.'
The races were interrupted from 1746
to 1759 owing to the opposition of Edward
Byrom; note by Mr. E. Axon; see further in Lancs. and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xxv. |
| 13 |
W. Axon, Manch. Ann. |
| 14 |
Ibid. |
| 15 |
Manch. Guard. N. and Q. no. 235. |
| 16 |
Broughton in 1176–7 paid ½ mark to
the aid of the vills of the honour; Farrer,
Lancs. Pipe R. 36. In 1200 it is found
among the other demesne manors paying
an increment of 6s. (ibid. 131), which
is given as 12s. a year in later rolls; ibid.
148, 163. It paid 2 marks to the tallage
in 1205–6; ibid. 202. |
| 17 |
In the 17th century Broughton was
still regarded as a member or hamlet of
Salford, and in 1640, on account of disputes as to the apportionment of taxes laid
upon Salford and its members, it was
agreed that when the whole paid 20s.
Broughton, Kersal, and Tetlow should
pay 5s. 5d. as their share of the 20s.
Salford Portmote Rec. ii, 63. |
| 18 |
Chart. R. (Rec. Com.), 27. |
| 19 |
Lancs. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lancs. and Ches.), i, 13—in 1226 48s.
assized rent. Ibid. 207—in 1257 assized
rent of Broughton and Pendleton 78s. 6d.,
while other rents and profits, including
the farm of the mill, and corn and other
produce sold, brought the receipts up to
£19 4s. 9d. |
| 20 |
Dods. MSS. cxxxi, fol. 39. Kersal
and Tetlow had been separated from it.
The tenure suggests a grant by Thomas,
Earl of Lancaster, to Margaret sister of
Sir Robert de Holland; see the next
note and the account of Great Bolton, also
Final Conc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.),
ii, 100–1. |
| 21 |
In 1346 John de Harrington held
Broughton by the sixteenth part of a
knight's fee, and Salefield Hey, taken
from the waste, by a rent of 27s. 4d. by
charter of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster;
Add. MS. 32103, fol. 146b. To the aid
of 1378 Sir Nicholas de Harrington paid
15d. for the sixteenth part of a knight's
fee in Broughton; Harl. MS. 2085, fol.
422. Margaret widow of Sir William de
Harrington held it in 1445–6, the relief
for it being 6s. 3d.; Duchy of Lanc.
Knights' Fees, 2/20. It is named among
the Harrington of Farleton manors as late
as 1572; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle.
34, m. 76, 80. |
| 22 |
A settlement of the manor of Broughton and 60 messuages, &c. in Broughton
and Hayfield was made in 1574 by Sir
William Stanley, Lord Mounteagle; Pal.
of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 36, m. 146. The
sale in 1578 included the manor and 30
messuages, &c. in Broughton; ibid. bdle.
40, m. 152. |
| 23 |
The grant is recited in the Inq. p.m.
of Ferdinando, Earl of Derby, in 1595;
Add. MS. 32104, fol. 424. |
| 24 |
He was taken prisoner by Lord Fairfax at Selby and took the National Covenant on 10 Aug. 1644, being thereupon
enlarged; afterwards he conformed to all
the ordinances of the Parliament and took
the Negative Oath; Cal. of Com. for Compounding, ii, 1446. The particulars of
his estate show that Broughton Hall and
the demesne lands were held by his sister
Jane for her life; his estate brought in
£20 5s. a year. His mother Jane was
living. He had never been a member of
Parliament, nor held office in the state;
nor was he a popish recusant; State P.
Com. for Compounding, vol. G, P, E, 186,
fol. 708.
Nathaniel Atkins, physician, who married Mrs. Stanley of Broughton—she was
Jane daughter and co-heir of Nicholas
Gilbert and sixty years old in 1651—had
been noticed among the garrison at Lathom, 'very conversant and familiar with
the officers' while it was held against the
Parliament; his estate, therefore, being
his wife's jointure from her former husband, was sequestered by the Commonwealth authorities; Royalist Comp. Papers
(Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 114; Cal.
of Com. for Compounding, iii, 2352. |
| 25 |
Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 285;
Henry Stanley is said to have died in
1640, Ferdinando being forty-four years
of age in 1664. Among the Clowes Deeds
is a grant of the manor made in 1678 by
Charles II to Ferdinando Stanley; Pat. 30
Chas. II, pt. 72, no. 8. |
| 26 |
Some documents connected with
these transactions are among the Clowes
Deeds.
In 1661 Ferdinando Stanley pledged the
manor of Broughton and its appurtenances
to George Chetham of Turton in consideration of a loan of £250, for which
£280 was to be repaid within two years.
Pleadings of 1691, in reply to a claim
by Henry Stanley the younger, recite an
indenture of 1626 between Henry Stanley
and others concerning the marriage of his
son and heir apparent Edward Stanley,
whose issue failed, leaving Ferdinando the
heir. The last-named was twice married,
and had by his second wife a son and heir
Henry, besides other children. He died
about 1684, when Henry succeeded to the
encumbered estate. The loan of £250
had been increased by 1667 to £800,
which by failure in paying interest quickly
grew to £1,600. In 1685 the debt was
£2,194, and James Chetham, as mortgagee, seems to have taken possession.
Henry Stanley agreed in 1696 to sell the
manor to George Chetham for £3,600.
The following fines relate to the manor,
some being in connexion with the various
mortgages: In 1625 Henry Stanley and
Joan his wife were deforciants; Pal. of
Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 108, m. 1. In 1661
George Chetham (as above) secured the
manor from Ferdinando Stanley and
Ursula his wife; ibid. bdle. 166, m. 148;
followed by a similar fine in 1667, James
Chetham being the plaintiff and Ferdinando Stanley deforciant; ibid. bdle. 179,
m. 119. In a recovery of the manor in
1700 Henry Stanley was called to vouch;
Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 471, m. 4d. |
| 27 |
See the account of Smedley in Cheetham.
The statements in the remainder of the
paragraph in the text are derived from an
elaborate abstract of title prepared in
1844, which recites settlements, wills, &c.,
from 1769 onwards; and from the pedigree in Burke, Landed Gentry. From the
abstract it appears that the ancient chief
rent of 27s. 4d. was in 1772 paid to Sir
George Warren. The first Samuel Clowes
mentioned was son of Samuel Clowes,
Manchester merchant, who first appears
in the Ct. Leet Rec. in 1685 (vi, 192). He
purchased the Booths in Worsley.
Among the Clowes Deeds is an extract
from the manor Court Roll of 1742. |
| 28 |
His long tenure of the estate at a
time when Broughton was rapidly becoming a residential suburb of Manchester,
made him a somewhat important personage. He built and endowed St. John's
Church, Broughton, in 1836. He is said
to have been one of the first cultivators of
the orchid. He was educated at Trinity
Coll. Cambridge (M.A. 1805), and elected
fellow of Manchester in 1809; he resigned in 1833. He was 'a man of unimpeachable conduct, of sober piety, and
of great benevolence'; Raines, Fellows of
Manch. (Chet. Soc.), 322–7. |
| 29 |
Adam de Tetlow in 1302 paid 12d.
to the aid for the fortieth part of a fee in
Tetlow; Lancs. Inq. and Extents, i, 314.
In 1324 Adam de Tetlow held 10 acres
in Broughton, formerly held by Jordan de
Crompton, by homage and the service of
the sixteenth part of a knight's fee; Dods.
MSS. cxxxi, fol. 37b. It thus appears
that in Broughton as well as in Crompton Adam succeeded to the inheritance of
others. In 1346 Robert de Tetlow was
tenant, paying a rent of 6s. 8d.; Add.
MS. 32103, fol. 146b. |
| 30 |
See the account of Agecroft in Pendlebury. Several Tetlow families are met
with in the Manchester and Rochdale
district.
In 1346–55 Richard de Langley and
Joan his wife held the fortieth part of a
knight's fee in Crompton and Broughton,
formerly held by Adam de Tetlow of the
Earl of Ferrers; Feud. Aids, iii, 91. In
1358 Richard son of Richard de Tetlow
laid claim to it, alleging that Joan wife
of Richard de Langley was a bastard. It
was, however, decided that Joan was the
lawful daughter of Jordan de Tetlow and
Alice his wife, which Jordan (brother of
Richard de Tetlow, father of the claimant)
had held Tetlow. The mother of Jordan
was named Anabil; she survived her son;
Assize R. 438, m. 4 d.
The Langleys seem to have granted it
to the Strangeways family, who held it by
knight's service and the rent of 6s. 8d.;
Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 24, 50.
Afterwards it reverted to the Langleys,
and is named in their inquisitions, though
the tenure is variously described; e.g. ibid.
ii, 145, where the estate is described as
eight messuages, 40 acres of land, 4 acres
of meadow, and 10 acres of pasture in
Tetlow in the vill of Broughton, held
of the king as duke by the fortieth part
of a knight's fee, and worth 4 marks
yearly. In the time of Henry VIII the
lands in Tetlow and Cheetham were said
to be held in socage by a rent of 1d., but
in 1562 the tenure was again described
as the fortieth part of a knight's fee;
Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. vi, 7; xi, 16.
Margaret wife of Roger Langley in
1445–6 held the sixteenth part of a fee in
Tetlow, the relief for which was 6s. 3d.;
Duchy of Lanc. Knights' Fees, 2/20. |
| 31 |
It is named in fines relating to the
share of John Reddish and his wife in
1567; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 28,
m. 279; 29, m. 126. Also in the inquisition after the death of Sarah Coke,
taken in 1630; Duchy of Lanc. Inq.
p.m. xxvi, 53. It is included in fines
relating to the Cokes' estate in 1667 and
1685; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 179,
m. 92; 217, m. 20. |
| 32 |
Lancs. Pipe R. 326. The grant of
the 'hermitage of Kersal' was confirmed
by Henry II about thirty years later;
ibid. 327.
The 'wood (boscus) of Kersal' was included in the grant of Broughton to Iorwerth de Hulton as above described.
Some notes on the priory are given in
Lancs. and Ches. Antiq. Soc. i, 39. |
| 33 |
a V.C.H. Lancs. ii, 113. |
| 34 |
Pat. 32 Hen. VIII, pt. 8; the price
mentioned is £155 6s. 8d.
A settlement was in 1543 made by
Baldwin Willoughby and Joan his wife of
the manor and cell called Kersal, with
twenty messuages, a water-mill, 1,000
acres of land, &c., and 20s. rent; the
remainder was to Ralph Sacheverell and
Philippa his wife, and the heirs of
Philippa; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle.
12, m. 103. From a later fine it appears
that Philippa was Baldwin's daughter and
heir. Another fine was made in 1548;
ibid. bdle. 13, m. 166. In the following
September Ralph Kenyon purchased the
whole; ibid. bdle. 13, m. 152. |
| 35 |
As soon as Kenyon had purchased
Kersal he transferred one-third to James
Chetham of Crumpsall and another third
to Richard Siddall of Withington; indenture of 10 Sept. 1548, among the Chetham Papers. Each paid Kenyon £132.
From this deed it appears that parts of
the land had been sold to Richard Radcliffe of Langley and Robert Ravald of
Kersal. |
| 36 |
The king in November 1548
granted to Sir John Byron the custody
of a third part of the third part of the
manor of Kersal, 6 acres in Manchester,
and 14s. 4d. rent in Ashton, the estate of
Ralph Kenyon deceased, whose son and
heir George was a minor; George's
wardship and marriage were included;
Duchy of Lanc. Misc. Bks. xxiii, 60 d.
A settlement of messuages and lands in
Kersal with a third part of the mill, and
4s. 9d. rent in Oakenshaw, was made by
George Kenyon in 1581; Pal. of Lanc.
Feet of F. bdle. 53, m. 151. George
Kenyon and Robert Ravald were in 1582
charged by Ralph Byrom and Adam Pilkington with depriving the queen's tenants
of Salford of their common pasture in
Kersal Wood, stated to be 100 acres;
Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 270, m. 12, 12 d.
George Kenyon died in 1613 holding
a third part of the manor or cell of Kersal, a third of the mill and wood, and
various messuages and lands; George his
son and heir was thirty years of age;
Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and
Ches.), i, 234. A settlement had been
made in 1590 by the father in favour of
George the son and Ellen his wife,
daughter of Richard Whitworth, with
remainders to Ralph younger son of
George; to Hugh brother of George the
elder, and his son Ralph; Earwaker
MSS. The Smethurst fields and Bradshaw meadow are named.
In 1623 George Kenyon sold the
middle Michael meadow and a lane from
Madgewell to the Moorgate to William
Lever of Kersal; ibid. In 1624 he
made a settlement on the marriage of
George his son and heir apparent with
Katherine daughter of John Trevett of
Middlewich, mercer; ibid. Of these
Georges the elder died between 1659 and
1664; the younger in the latter year
made a conveyance of his capital messuage and lands, &c., in Kersal and Audenshaw to Leonard Egerton of Shaw and
John Ashton of Shepley; Thomas Kenyon, his son, joined in the conveyance;
ibid. Thomas Kenyon of Kersal had in
1692 a lease of a cottage there for the
lives of himself, Jane his wife, and Anne
his daughter, Edward Byrom being the
grantor; ibid. The lease was surrendered
in 1709. |
| 37 |
Richard Siddall died in 1558, leaving
a son and heir Edward, who purchased
Slade Hall in Rusholme, where a fuller
account of the family will be found;
Manch. Ct. Leet Rec. i, 42. Edward
Siddall died in 1588 holding a third part
of Kersal Manor and wood, with various
lands and houses there, his son George
being the heir; it was held of the queen
by the twelfth part of a knight's fee;
Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xiv, 32. |
| 38 |
Booker, Birch Chapel (Chet. Soc.),
132; the details given show that the mill
was then occupied by Richard Holland.
George Siddall had in 1613 sold part of
his land to George Kenyon; ibid. From
one of the Clowes deeds it appears that
in 1618 James Chetham and George
Kenyon leased their part of Kersal mill
to Richard Holland of Denton; a new
mill was to be built. William Lever of
Darcy Lever in 1616–17 granted a close
lately owned by George Siddall to James
Chetham. |
| 39 |
The family recorded a pedigree in
1664; Dugdale, Visit. 185, 186. Another
pedigree in the Piccope MS. Pedigrees
(Chet. Lib.), i, 351, states that William
Lever, who married a daughter of George
Kenyon of Kersal, died in 1646, and was
succeeded by a son William, who died in
1661, leaving as his heir his son Rawsthorne Lever. Rawsthorne married Alice,
daughter of Edward Chetham of Smedley,
but died without issue 18 Oct. 1689; by
his will he gave all his messuages, lands,
&c. in Kersal to trustees, until Henry
son of Thomas Greenhalgh of Brandlesholme should pay £300, on which Henry
was to have the estate. The money was
paid in Dec. 1689; Piccope's notes and
Manch. Free Lib. D. no. 52. |
| 40 |
In 1697 James Chetham of Turton,
Henry Greenhalgh of Brandlesholme, and
Edward Byrom of Manchester 'seised
as tenants in common' of the land called
Kersal Wood 'and now or late called
Kersal Moor,' about 100 acres in extent,
made an agreement preparatory to a division; Earwaker MSS. In 1702 Samuel
Chetham of Turton and Henry Greenhalgh leased their parts of the mill for
99 years to Edward Byrom of Manchester,
linen-draper; the parties had lately made
a brick-kiln; ibid.
In 1704 land called Dauntesey's Warth
was sold by Christopher Dauntesey and
others to Henry Greenhalgh; Piccope's
notes. Another piece of this land, called
Gooden's Warth, was in 1703 sold by
Thomas Gooden of Little Bolton (in
Eccles) to Otho Holland of Pendleton;
Manch. Free Lib. D. no. 53. The fields
took their name from a ford across the
Irwell to Whit Lane in Pendleton.
The Dauntesey interest in Kersal, indicated by the last paragraph, arose from
a 21-years' lease in 1539 from Henry
VIII to John Wood, one of his 'Oistringers,' of the site of Kersal cell and
its lands, including Redstone pasture,
Danerode meadow, with sufficient housebote, firebote, &c. to be taken from
the king's woods adjacent; a rent of
£11 6s. 8d. was to be paid; Agecroft D.
no. 109. The lease was at once transferred to Robert Langley of Agecroft;
ibid. no. 110. Disputes arose between
the lessee and the owners in 1560—
James Chetham, Edward Siddall, and
George Kenyon—which were submitted
to arbitration; ibid. no. 126. |
| 41 |
The Greenhalgh estate in Kersal
appears to have come into the hands of
the Hopwoods of Hopwood by a foreclosure, and was in 1775 sold as the
'lands, messuages, and tenements late belonging to Anne Greenhalgh' to Joseph
Matthews, who at once sold them to
Samuel and John Clowes for £4,260, as
'one undivided third part of the manor
or lordship of Kersal, and the whole of
the capital messuage called Kersal Hall,
with the appurtenances belonging,' with
third parts of the moor and mill. Samuel
Clowes at the same time conveyed a
moiety of an undivided third part of the
manor to Elizabeth widow of John
Byrom, M.A.; Piccope's notes. |
| 42 |
See the accounts of Crumpsall and
Turton for this family. James Chetham
died in 1571, holding a messuage in
Kersal, a third part of the water-mill,
and various other lands, &c.; also of the
third part of a rent of 14s. 4d. from Ashton under Lyne; and six messuages or
burgages in Manchester. A settlement
made in 1567 of Kersal Hall, &c., is recited in the inquisition, which states that
Kersal and the rent from Ashton were
held of the queen by the third part of the
fourth part of a knight's fee and a rent
of 13s. yearly. Henry the son and heir
was twenty-eight years of age; Duchy of
Lanc. Inq. p.m. xiii, 19. For Henry
Chetham's inquisition, showing the same
estate, see Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.
Lancs. and Ches.), i, 2. He was succeeded by his son James, who from 1613
to 1619 made further purchases in Kersal; Clowes D. |
| 43 |
This was agreed upon by the partition of 1772 between the sisters and coheirs of Edward Chetham of Nuthurst;
Mary the wife of Samuel Clowes received the third part of Kersal, together
with Broughton; Axon, Chetham Gen.
(Chet. Soc.), 63. To this was added a
moiety of the third part purchased in
1775, as above stated, so that a moiety
of Kersal descended like Broughton. |
| 44 |
No record of the transfer has been
seen, but Edward Byrom, who died in
1668, was the earliest described as 'of
Kersal.'
For this family see the Byrom Pedigrees,
with notes by Canon Raines (Chet. Soc.
xliv). The earliest known member of it
is Alice widow of Ralph Byrom, whose
will (1524) mentions her sons Adam,
Robert (a priest), Ralph and Thomas;
Piccope, Wills, ii, 180. Adam Byrom of
Salford died 25 July 1558, holding twelve
burgages, &c., in Salford, houses and lands
in Little Lever, Bolton le Moors, Manchester, and Ardwick; the tenements in
Salford were held of the queen as of her
duchy in free burgage by a rent of 21s. 3d.
and the burgage in Manchester of the
executors of Lord La Warre. The heir
was his grandson Ralph, son and heir of
George son of Adam, then three years of
age; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xi, 65.
Adam's will is printed in Piccope, Wills
(Chet. Soc.), i, 44; it mentions his three
sons, George, Henry, and Adam. George
Byrom was living in 1554, when he purchased a house in Manchester from Adam
Holland; Manch. Ct. Leet Rec. i, 9. He
died very soon after his father, before
Mar. 1559; ibid. i, 43. The inventory
of his goods is preserved at Chester.
Margaret Byrom, daughter of George, was
a victim of witchcraft; Byrom Ped. 23.
Ralph Byrom, the heir, came of age in
1577; Manch. Ct. Leet Rec. i, 183, 187.
He died in 1598, holding much the same
estate as his grandfather, and leaving a
son and heir Ralph, twenty years of age;
Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xvii, 71; see
also Wills (Chet. Soc. new ser.), i, 206.
Ralph died at Salford the year after his
father, without issue; his brother Adam,
fourteen years of age, was the heir;
Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xvii, 39.
There are numerous references to
Adam Byrom in the Manch. Ct. Leet Rec.
(see ii, 141, 152), from which it appears
that he came of age in 1608 (ii, 234).
He recorded a pedigree in 1613, showing
that he married a daughter of Edmund
Prestwich of Hulme, and had then four
children—Adam, Ralph, Ellen, and Margaret; Visit. of 1613 (Chet. Soc.), 35. In
1619 he sold a messuage in Hanging
Ditch, Manchester; Ct. Leet Rec. iii,
11; and in 1641 conveyed all his lands
in Manchester to his son Adam; ibid. iii,
333. The younger Adam died about this
time, and the father in 1644 at Chester;
a younger son, John, an active Royalist,
succeeding. His estates were sequestered
in 1646, but he compounded in 1651,
paying a fine of £201; in 1661 he was
described as 'that worthy and valiant
gentleman Major John Byrom, whose
fidelity hath been sufficiently testified by
his great sufferings in his Majesty's
service'; Ct. Leet Rec. iv, 282 and
note; Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc.
Lancs. and Ches.), i, 267. He recorded
a pedigree in
1664, having
then by his
wife Mary
Radcliffe of
Foxdenton a
son Adam,
nine years of age; Dugdale, Visit. 68.
John Byrom died in 1678 and his son in
1684, when the heirs at law were John's
sister Penelope Hey, and his nieces Margaret Ainsworth and Elizabeth Jenkinson;
Byrom Ped. 26, 27. The estate was purchased in 1703 by Edward Byrom of
Kersal; ibid. 39.
The Kersal family decended from
Henry younger son of Adam Byrom of
Salford (1558) already mentioned;
Henry's will, dated and proved in 1558, is
printed in Piccope, Wills, ii, 113; his
brother Adam and sons Robert and
Lawrence are named in it. The son
Lawrence (wrongly called son of Adam)
heads the visitation pedigree; see Lancs.
and Ches. Antiq. Notes, ii, 140, and Byrom
Ped. 30, 31. Robert Byrom of Salford
held burgages there of the queen by a rent
of 5s. 5d. a year; he died in 1586, leaving
his brother Lawrence as heir; ibid. xiv, 45.
Edward the son of Lawrence comes
into note about 1620, and in 1626 purchased
lands in Hanging Ditch; Manch. Ct. Leet
Rec. iii, 112. He adhered to the Parliament's side in the Civil War; Byrom Ped.
32; Civil War Tracts (Chet. Soc.), 233.
One of his sons, John, was accidentally
killed in 1642 while serving with the
Parliamentary forces, and the eldest son,
William, was active on the same side,
being a member of the Manchester
classis; Byrom Ped. 33; Ct. Leet Rec.
iv, 14, 282. William married Rebecca
daughter of Captain John Beswick, and
left issue; he recorded a pedigree in
1664; Dugdale, Visit. 67. For his will
see Byrom Ped. 34.
It was his younger brother Edward
who acquired Kersal; his will is given
in Byrom Ped. 37. For his widow see
ibid. 37, 38; by her second marriage she
was an ancestor of the Clowes family.
He is frequently mentioned in the Ct.
Leet Rec. and dying in 1688 left two
sons, Edward of Kersal, who purchased
the estate of the Byroms of Salford, and
Joseph, who acquired that of the Byroms
of Byrom. Edward's son was the John
Byrom noticed in the text; he married
his cousin, Elizabeth daughter of Joseph
Byrom, and their son Edward by the will
of his uncle Edward (son and heir of
Joseph) received Byrom Hall. Edward
Byrom the younger was a banker in
Manchester, residing in Quay Street, and
built and endowed St. John's Church
there. Ann, his daughter, married Henry
Atherton, and their daughters and coheirs were Eleanora, unmarried, and
Lucy wife of Richard Willis of Halsnead,
who had no issue. Miss Atherton founded
and endowed Holy Trinity Church,
Hulme, founded an almshouse at Prescot
in memory of her sister Mrs. Willis, and
in other ways showed herself pious and
munificent. She was also a liberal patron
of the Chetham Society. |
| 45 |
His Diary and other Remains have
been published by the Chet. Soc. There
is a life in Dict. Nat. Biog. |
| 46 |
The Ravald family can be traced
back in Manchester to the middle of the
15th century. In 1473 William Ravald
was tenant of a parcel of land near Irk
Bridge at a rent of 4d.; Mamecestre, iii,
491. This or an adjacent parcel was
granted to him by Thomas West, lord of
Manchester, by charter in 1474; Lancs.
and Ches. Antiq. Soc. iii, 109 (from an
abstract of title of Sir Watts Horton and
others, 1792). William son and heir of
John Ravald in 1530 agreed with his
brother Robert concerning a burgage in
Manchester and a piece of land called the
Cockpit at the south end of Irk Bridge; ibid.
In 1548, before the sale of Kersal
Manor, William Ravald purchased a
messuage, 22 a. of land, &c., in Kersal
from Baldwin Willoughby, Joan his wife,
Ralph Sacheverell and Philippa his wife
(daughter and heir apparent of Baldwin);
Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 13, m. 158.
He died in April 1560, holding the
messuage &c. in Kersal of the queen by
knight's service; also three burgages &c.
and a house called a Cockpit place in
Manchester, of Lord La Warre by a rent
of 22d. His son and heir William was
nineteen years of age; Duchy of Lanc.
Inq. p.m. xi, 53; Court Leet Rec. i, 52;
Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxix, App. 558. A
settlement of the estate in Kersal and
Manchester was made by William Ravald
in 1566; the remainders were to his
wife Katherine for life, to his issue, to his
sister Elizabeth wife of Edward Siddall,
and to Robert Ravald of Kersal; Pal. of
Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 28, m. 236.
William Ravald of Kersal died in 1587,
holding lands in Kersal and Manchester
and leaving a son and heir William, eight
years old; the Kersal lands were held by
the hundredth part of a knight's fee;
Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xiv, no. 23;
Court Leet Rec. ii, 8. The son came of
age in 1600; ibid. ii, 155. He died in
1623, holding the same estate and leaving
a son William, aged sixteen; ibid. iii,
77; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lancs.
and Ches.), iii, 409. This son about
1635 sold part of his property in Manchester, and more in 1660; Court Leet
Rec. iii, 223, 228; iv, 260.
Robert Ravald of Kersal, mentioned in
the remainders of 1566, died in 1578,
leaving a son and heir Robert, aged
fifteen; he held a messuage and land in
Kersal of the queen by knight's service;
Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xii, no. 15. His
will is printed in Piccope, Wills, iii, 43–
45. Robert Ravald died in June 1629
holding messuages and land in Kersal
by the 200th part of a knight's fee;
Margaret his wife survived him at Kersal; Robert his son and heir was twenty
years of age; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m.
xxvii, 41.
The Protestators of Kersal, 28 Feb.
1641–2, included William Ravald, William
Ravald (son), Richard Ravald, Robert
Ravald, William Ravald (Pal. Note Bk. iv,
125); and Mr. J. E. Bailey notes that
the first-named William was baptized in
1607, married in 1632 Elizabeth Bale,
and in 1633 (on the occasion of the birth
of his son George) and subsequently was
styled 'gentleman.' Richard his son
was buried 1 Feb. 1641–2, being described
as a yeoman of Broughton. Another
branch of the family lived in an adjoining
farm and comprised Robert Ravald senior,
his son Robert whose wife was Alice, and
a servant; ibid. iv, 124.
In 1642 the will of Richard Ravald of
Broughton, yeoman, was proved at Chester;
and in 1725 the will of Robert Ravald of
Kersal, yeoman, was proved for effects
under £40.
The Broughton manor court records,
which are only extant from 1707, show that
Robert Ravald was then a tenant; Samuel
Ravald was a juror in April 1711, when
he and 'Mr. Oswald Ravald' were returned as 'teneants newly found.'
The surname long continued known in
Manchester and the neighbourhood. The
will of Robert Ravald, linen-draper, 1718,
mentions his wife Mary, his sons John,
Thomas, and Robert, his brother Oswald,
and others.
Elizabeth wife of John 'Raffald' of
the Exchange Coffee House published
the first Manch. Dir. in 1772; she also
wrote a book of cookery, The Experienced
Engl. Housekeeper, which went through
many editions. She died in 1781. See
Dict. Nat. Biog.; Harland, Manch. Coll.
i, 119; ii, 144–73; Pal. Note Bk. i, 141.
John Raffald is said to have been a
Cheshire man, and not related to the
Manchester Ravalds. |
| 47 |
Clowes deeds. |
| 48 |
In 1322 Matthew de Abram and
Joan his wife obtained a messuage and
lands in Broughton from Thomas son of
Roger del Green; Final Conc. ii, 46.
John son of Richard de Radcliffe complained in 1332 that Adam and Richard
sons of Henry de Broughton and their
wives had carried off his goods and
chattels at Broughton; De Banco R.
291, m. 235.
In 1396 Hawise de Castlehill owned
lands in the centre of Broughton called
the Knolles and Kyperfield, which along
with Ouse Croft were described as 'in
Manchester' and were by her granted to
Robert Collayne, chaplain, who thereupon
conveyed to Sir Richard de Holand, for
life. One of the witnesses was Henry de
Strangeways; Harl. MS. 2112, fol. 146d.;
Mamecestre, 422 m. 465.
John Bradshaw in 1595 purchased a
messuage &c. in Broughton from John
Oldham and Anne his wife; Pal. of Lanc.
Feet of F. bdle. 57, m. 57; see Ducatus
Lanc. (Rec. Com.), iii, 309.
The Bent family had an estate at
Kersal; a valuation of it exists in the
Clowes deeds. In Manchester Cathedral
is a monumental inscription of Edward
Bent of Kersal, who died in 1719. |
| 49 |
a Dugdale, Visit. 2. |
| 50 |
Returns at Preston. |
| 51 |
Pal. Note Bk. iv, 123. |
| 52 |
A district was assigned in 1840, and
reformed in 1854; Lond. Gaz. 15 June
1854. |
| 53 |
For district see ibid. Edwin Waugh
is buried in the churchyard. |
| 54 |
Ibid. 7 June 1870. |
| 55 |
Ibid. 22 Aug. 1879. |
| 56 |
Ibid. 29 July 1881. |
| 57 |
That in Lower Broughton was built
in 1869. |
| 58 |
Nightingale, Lancs. Nonconf. v, 195. |
| 59 |
A church in Waterloo Road, Strangeways, had been opened in 1849. |