Elizabeth: March 1573

572. Maitland and Grange to Henry Killigrew. [March 2.] Cott. Calig., C.III., fol. 448.

By that which Mr. Arrington has brought us, we understand that your sovereign and her Council have resolved to send hither a number of men and battering pieces, with the like proportion of powder, for "expugning" of this place, which are in readiness to come against us out of hand. Whereof, as we are sorry, for the good affection we have borne to her highness in particular, and generally to your whole nation, so can we not imagine what should induce her majesty to intend any such hostility against us, who neither have provoked her by any open injury which honour may move her to revenge, nor have committed offence against her subjects whereof she ought to "suyte" reformation by arms. So that when we "descend with our selffis" to examine our own doings, our conscience lays nothing to our charge which we think might "irrite" her to come to any such rigour, and so could hardly persuade ourselves that such hostility were meant in deed, if the affirmation of such a personage did not move us, who for his place and credit has good cause to know what is determined in your Court, "and whome we know not accustomed to speak without a ground." So that, for his authority, we will believe that which otherwise we would not. We see good cause why we should give my Lord Treasurer hearty thanks, as well in that he has forewarned us of the harm intended towards us, as also for the care which it appears he had of our well doing and friendly advice given us to avoid the peril, which, being friendly extended to both, is more particularly directed to me, Lethington, although in some place mixed with bitter words and sharp sentences. Yet I interpret the whole to proceed of abundance of love and a singular affection and zeal towards me in respect of our old acquaintance. And that it has pleased him heretofore to use me more familiarly and to impart his conception to me more frankly than, I think, he has ever done to any of my nation, I take that he thinks this kind of salve more fit for my sore, than if he should use a more soft, for sometimes expert "chirurgianes," according to the nature of the wound, are compelled for the good of the patient to apply corrosives. I do not require in him more skill, neither find I lack of goodwill to cure me. This only I wish,—that his lordship had been more rightly informed of the quality, accidents, and circumstances of this cause—which is taken in me to be a disease—and of my whole disposition. Whereof being truly advertised, he would, I doubt not, both think better of me, and esteem me worthy of better consideration than that for the pleasure of my enemies so great a Princess should "bend" her forces against me and another gentleman, who, if we had in some points overshot ourselves (as towards her highness we have not), yet are we not digni ire et foris. We perceive by his words that the conclusion of the Council is grounded on this position; —"seing thay in the Castell will not accept reasonable conditiouns for thair lyves, thair landis, thair goodis and honouris as farforth as possibilitye can extend etc." If we were so unreasonable, indeed, his lordship had good cause not only to esteem it in us a foolish obstinacy, but even a very madness. But true it is that to this hour our adverse party has never offered us any measure in those points, neither yet have we at any time refused any reasonable conditions. We have demanded things reasonable, not without example, good and necessary for ourselves, prejudicial to no man, and so convenient to be granted; which, nevertheless, of malice have been denied us for the desire some have of the continuance of these troubles, who make their advantage thereof, and have great gains by other men's losses. It is easy in the general position to say that we shall have conditions reasonable in honour and surety, but when we bring the matter ad hypothesin, then may we easily collect what reason is intended towards us, and thereupon have occasion given us to stand the more on our guard. Words cannot content us. Deeds are required. Before I be condemned of persisting in a singularity, I would his lordship would charge me with the refusal of conditions reasonable, and therein descend particularly; then, if I be not able to purge myself and give him good reason of my doings, I will not refuse his judgment. All things that may be inveighed against Papists, the enemies of true religion, the bloody persecutions of Christ's members, and such like, which be "commen places," and will "ministre" sufficient matter to furnish whole declamations, let be a missive letter, are not competent in my person, who neither am chargeable with those crimes nor have any fellowship, confederacy or association with any such persons in those cases. Let me be taught wherein I have either comforted or encouraged any man to overthrow religion—to shed the blood of the professors thereof, and then I will acknowledge my offence and amend it accordingly; but sure I am there is no ground to charge me therewith. I know how sorry I am that any should die on either side, and therefore am not afraid the God who searcheth the hearts and consciences of men shall judge me guilty of the blood of them that have been or shall be killed on both sides in this siege. Let the blood be on the heads of those that have been and shall be the authors, procurers, instruments, and prosecutors of the siege. Our adversaries nor any others have just nor necessary cause to siege us, for we can be well content to live in quiet without offending any man. But we are driven to our necessary defence, which the laws of God and nature do well allow—compelled vim vi repellere. We trust God herein will justify us. If we have begun the war—if we have been the first assailers, let us be contemned. But if we both resist those that invade us and go about to preserve ourselves, let the blame and reproach be turned to our adversaries; who are content with any kind of hostility that customably hath ever been executed between nation and nation in time of war, have invented extraordinary and new devices—not sparing poison and such abominable toys, which the heathen and most barbarous "Scythes" would have detested.

My Lord Treasurer, methinks, with better reason may charge the Earl of Morton with all those heads wherewith he burdened me: who, not satisfied to have (by what means I know not) "stratched in his handis" the whole realm of Scotland, whereunto, God knows, he hath as little right as I have to the Castle of Edinburgh—whereunto I pretend none at all—cannot be content that the said Castle, being a small parcel in respect of the whole, remain in the custody of the ordinary and lawful captain, who will be answerable therefor to the Prince and whole States of the realm, and had given good proof by hazarding his person many times in the defence of his country, the liberty thereof, and of the religion, that he is worthy the charge.

I take this to be the ground of the present war,—that the Earl of Mortoun having "by hooke and by crooke alwayes by extraordinary meanes intrused him selff in ane usurped autoretye" over this realm, cannot find himself well assured of the continuance of this his estate (as all unlawful regiments are always suspicious) unless he have the Castle of Edinburgh in his own hands. For which cause, being so bad a ground, I trust no Christian Prince will take a war on hand. For my part, my interest in the matter is not great (for neither have I, nor [do I] desire to have commandment in the said Castle), but, indeed, am only friend to the Laird of Grange, and his well willer, whom, for amity's sake and my duty—professing myself his friend—if he ask my opinion, I cannot advise to do anything prejudicial to his honour and surety, or yet presently to do that rashly which afterwards he may repent, and the Prince may charge him withal. I know that in law favorabilior est conditio ejus qui certat de damno vitando, quam ejus qui certat de lucro captando. And therefore (if my affection does not transport me), I think the Laird of Grange, who, by keeping the Castle, goes about only to shun inconveniences, is worthy to be better considered of. "Alwayes" we both see no reason [that] may move her majesty to bring her forces against us in this quarrel, seeing the custody of the said Castle by the Laird of Grange neither hath been nor shall be hereafter prejudicial to her majesty in particular nor to anything wherein she may pretend interest, and that we have not in particular offended her. Hardly will Christian religion allow a Prince to move war unless they be drawn thereto by just and necessary considerations, and that their quarrel be more grounded on defence than invasion, and so rather an execution of justice ob justiciam denegatam, and so necessary [rather] than wilful or voluntary. If we have killed her men, if we have spoiled her people, of whom God hath appointed her to be the defender, and being required to reform such enormities, have refused, then may she justly (we confess) plague us with war; but if we be not guilty of any such matter and will offer to do to her majesty not only whatsoever justly she may crave of us, but also whatsoever is convenient for the subjects of another Prince to do for her pleasure and service, then, we trust, she will better consider of us, and not be induced by the persuasions of our enemies to take an unnecessary war on hand, to hazard her subjects, to bestow her charges, to spend her powder against men whom she may without these "inconvenientis" have lawfully at her commandment. Edinburgh Castle. Signed: "your old acquaintance, W. Maitland; W. Kyrkcaldy."

Addressed: "To my Lord Ambassadour off Engl." Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk). Faded and torn. Paper signet.

573. Maitland and Grange to Drury. [March 2.]

By your letter and credit committed to Mr. Arington, which he has communicated to us at good length, we understand the continuance of your friendship towards us, and the care you have of our well doing, wherefore, as we give you hearty thanks, so shall you perceive a correspondency of goodwill on our part, and it shall appear by our doings that you have credit to lead us to do anything which conveniently we may without our utter undoing, and for that honesty which we have found in your dealing with us, we trust you would not wish that we foolishly should cast ourselves away; "alwayes" you may be assured that no man of your nation shall be able to do with us so much as yourself and he who presently has authorised you to deal with us, whose friendship we know may greatly avail us, so will we presently employ it, and if we may find it in effect such as we look for, he shall "reciproquely" perceive such moderation in all our actions as may be required at the hands of true men, and that his dealing shall breed no disadvantage to the Queen his mistress' service, as by that we have declared to the bearer you will well understand. Edinburgh Castle. Signed: W. Maitland. W. Kyrkcaldy.

½ p. Addressed. Indorsed by Drury.

574. League with England. [March 2.]

Forasmuch as the enemies of God's truth are "conjurit" to suppress the same and all true professors thereof, it is, therefore, found expedient by the King, the three Estates, and full body of this present Parliament that the Regent move the Queen of England for a league betwixt the King of Scotland and her for resisting and repressing of the treasonable cruelty of the Papists, and that she may be moved to draw into the said league other professors of the true religion in other countries, and that there may be "solempnit bandis" and promises amongst the professors of the true religion within these realms to join for resisting the common enemies, and if they be found negligent or corrupted, to be "estemit fals treyir," (fn. 1) and excommunication to follow against them.

½ p. Written on a broad half sheet of paper. Indorsed by Killigrew.

575. Henry Killigrew to Sir Thomas Smith. [March 2.]

His last to him was from the Regent's house of Aberdore, whence the Earl of Huntly departed homewards from his grace well satisfied and content. The 27th of February Captain Arington came, and on the morrow after went to the Castle to move them, as the Duke and Earl of Huntly had done before by their letters, a copy whereof he incloses. Grange would not deliver the Castle, but be bound to keep it to the King's use. The proclamation of the peace was published this day, and the honour thereof attributed to her majesty. The Parliament was denounced to be holden the 23rd of April next. Trusts he will think it necessary to hasten the forces. Edinburgh. Signed: H. Kyllygrew.

1½ pp. Holograph. Addressed. Indorsed by Sir Thomas Smith. Marked: "Conway Papers."

576. Henry Killigrew to [Burghley]. [March 4.]

The morrow after Captain Arington came from the Castle he participated his answer, here inclosed, with the Regent to see whether he could like of the conditions; whereunto his grace made anwer that unless the King had the Castle in sure hands there could be no sound peace, and that Lethington's answer was but to delay time. They in the Castle had knowledge—he knows not by what means—that Verac was stayed in England. He moved the Regent for some recompense in consideration of her majesty's charges, to which he answered that the King was so poor that he had nothing to give her majesty, but the same conditions that were granted at her majesty's sending to Leith, and to join with her in a good league were all he thought could be done; and further, to encourage the soldiers, they should have the spoil of all that was within the Castle of gold, silver, or goods that appertained to any man except the King, or the value thereof in ready money. Has stayed his messenger for that the Regent will write himself to the Queen and him, and to the Earl of Leicester touching that which has passed, and also somewhat more. Has not yet the Duke's and the Earl of Huntly's letters. The Regent willed him to write to him that the pledges and hostages might have the favour to lie with some noblemen or gentlemen for ease of their charges. The ships that were stayed with Verac arrived this day. The Regent would have no more sending to the Castle until the army and munitions be ready to enter, and then to have it openly summoned by an officer of arms according to the custom in such cases. The Regent has an instrument that goes into the Castle and conveys Lethington's letters. On Saturday he shall be taken. Lord Seton's eldest son is newly come home out of Flanders, and one Peter Douglas with him. They say that the Duke of Alva prepared 10,000 men to be shipped in 50 great ships, and 100 victuallers to go with them. Mr. John Hamilton has made his commendation of service to his grace. His grace is in purpose to lay hands on Lord Seton and to put him in safe keeping, because he continually deals with the Castle. Stephen Wilson, that carried letters from the Earl of Argyll into France, is taken by the Regent. Mr. James Kirkcaldy has confessed no more. Has gotten his wife leave to speak with him. The Regent confessed that as long as the Scottish Queen lived there would be treason, troubles, and mischief. Edinburgh. Signed: H. Killigrew.

Postscript.—The Regent is minded to proclaim a raid upon the thieves.

5 pp. Holograph. No address. Indorsed by Burghley: "H. Killigrew's letters."

Inclosure with the same:—

(Answer of Maitland and Grange to Nicholas Errington.)

"The answeres of the Ll. of Ledington and Grange to me Nicholas Arington, sent unto them by the Quenes majesties ambassadour by the derection of my Lord Burley, Lord Hight tresorer of England, ij^d day of Marche 1572."

They are content to obey the King on condition that the Laird of Grange may remain as Captain of the Castle and keep it, with the accustomed allowance, for the King, to his only use and for his service. Item;—they are content to put in sureties to the Queen of England of four, six, or eight noblemen, earls and lords, the most part of them having always been of the King's faction, that they nor any of them shall procure any strangers to come into Scotland, receive any within that house or without, or directly or indirectly favour, comfort, assist, or aid any, whereby the Queen of England or the King of Scotland may be molested or troubled, but shall be mortal enemies to them if any such shall come.

"There demaundes uppon the same." That the Queen of England will be a mean to the authority for them and theirs being within that Castle, and for the Laird of Farnyhurst that they shall possess and enjoy the liberties of their country, their lives, lands, possessions, rooms, offices, and honours etc.; and to have at her majesty's hands, or by some means, a portion of money towards the payment of their debts and creditors, otherwise they shall be constrained to sell all their lands. This is their last and determined answer, otherwise to abide all forces or extremities that shall be prepared against them and theirs."

1 p. Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk): "1572. 2 Martii. Thanswer of the Ll. Lidyngton and Graunge to Nicholas Aryngton."

Cott. Calig., C. IV., fol. 33.

Copy of the same.

577. Nicholas Errington to Drury. [March 5.] Cott. Calig., C. IV., fol. 36.

"Sir, it may pleise you." I have been with the Castilians, with whom I have used all good persuasions that my simple head could devise. I have let them understand at length your solicitation for them, [and] my Lord Treasurer's care and dealing in their cause. I have assured them of that which is prepared for them with all expedition, and finally what extremity is resolved upon if they will needs urge her majesty's forces against them, with all other good means that might either sound to their surety, credit, or commodity, as also to their utter ruin, infamy, and discredit. But in this long discourse [I] find such secret and particular hatred by them towards the Regent, whom in nowise they will trust. They think her majesty's ambassador over much addicted to the Regent, notwithstanding his friendly dealing with them at the first, till such time as he found no hope of their reconciliation. I procured a letter from them to him in answer to my Lord Treasurer's letter sent to him by me. I send herewith a letter from them of the Castle to your lordship. To be plain, I find no good success to come from them unless it be by force, or else that some noblemen of great credit with her majesty were here to deal in the cause, who is not hated of the one side, nor over much addicted to the other side. I wish to God my Lord Treasurer were here but five days. The place is strong; they are become desperate, our proportion small; their hope of France is great. This that follows is as much as I can get of them—but no secret from their adversaries. I assured them it would do them no good for that they denied the delivery of the Castle, which was the principal point; and therefore made them no promise nor yet put them in any hope of answer to their demands. Edinburgh. Signed: Nicholas Arington.

1 p. Holograph, also address. Indorsed by Drury.

Inclosure with the same:—

Original of inclosure with No. 576. Signed: N. Arington.

1 p. At the head: "The offers of the Castillyons to me Nicholas Arington the iij^d (fn. 2) daye of Marche 1573." Written on the flyleaf of the letter and indorsed therewith.

578. Drury to Burghley. [March 7.]

Sends herewith Mr. Herrington's letter, and also a letter from the Castilians. Understands by Mr. Herington that they provide to their uttermost for their defence. They have little earth, but with planks and timber they are doing. They get water, which only serves the "landerer." Either amongst their men at home or from France they receive some comfort, and little weigh the harm of a Scottish siege. In his simple opinion, the sooner her majesty's forces are to enter the better, and, under correction, a greater number than yet he has lately named is requisite. The enterprise in sundry respects is great. The inconstency of that nation his lordship well knows, and, were it but to guard the ordnance, 700 were too few. Of the 500 footmen here in pay, 100 are appointed to Hume and Fast Castles. In the opinion of all that speak of the journey, they think 1000 too few. God forbid that the enterprise should be taken in hand and not brought to pass. God is his judge that he speaks it not for fear, but for duty's cause, for his lordship and the world shall be witness what his part shall be. Berwick. Signed: William Drury.

1¼ pp. Holograph, also address. Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk).

Cott. Calig., C. IV., fol. 35b.

Copy of the same.

579. Henry Killigrew to Burghley. [March 9.]

Received his letter of the 3rd instant, and is glad her majesty takes in good part his poor and simple service, but no less sorry to see, as it were, a stay of her purpose to assist the Regent and nobility etc. Sees three causes which may stay her. First;—doubts of war with France; second;—great charges etc.; third;—now that the Castle is left alone, it may be compassed by other means. It is not unknown to him the goodwill he came hither with to do them of the Castle good, how near they were at a point once or twice, and that all was but dissimulation to win time, which has appeared since by many circumstances, and by the Earl of Huntly's confession, and Sir James Balfour, who left them because he saw their purpose to bring in strangers. He found since by sundry observations that they had promised to France that they depended only upon France. Is informed that they sent the French King word to hasten his forces, that they will put it [the Castle] into his hands and go into France themselves, whither the Earl of Athol also threatens to go, if he be put at for religion. Lord Hume was offered his houses and living in case he would put his son in pledge to obey the King, which he refused, but said he was contented if her majesty would give him leave to go through England into France. His honour says to him that Lethington's letter to him [Killigrew] and his offers and desires written by Captain Arington seemed to carry with it more conformity —for his part he thinks all dissimulation and nothing else meant thereby, but to delay time and to stop her majesty's supply of aid; whereon, if her majesty be so resolved, he beseeches him to consider of the circumstances, and the sequel that may follow in England and abroad. As for the charges and hazard of her majesty's people and munitions, he answers that point with the example of the journey to Leith, and the other of doubt of war with France, adding thereto their due circumstances according to this time, and will not trouble him with enlarging of them other than this—that he is out of doubt the commodity will far exceed the charges, or the doubt of the war, which can have no ground upon this enterprise; but God's will be done. For his own part, if this Castle be not recovered—and that with expedition—he thinks he sees the beginning of sorrows, and her majesty's hitherto peaceable reign decaying, as it were, in post— which God of his mercy defend. The reasons be so apparent that he need not trouble his honour with them, whose shoulders, next her majesty's, shall not carry the least burden.

The Regent has had his hostages ready ever since the 15th of May. There is as sure account that her majesty will send, as though they were come already, both because Captain Arington has so reported of her own mouth, as that they see the cause so necessary and of so grave weight [that] if they come to Berwick there may be some device used to summon the Castle before the forces shall enter, and at that time to tempt them with new offers. If the Castle continue obstinate and her majesty comes not in, the siege will be long, and the charges great by reason thereof, which will be craved of her majesty. If she denies, they must seek further etc., and so practices in the meantime of all sides. Seton has been in hand with the Regent to win him to France. Verac had a commission to insinuate his goodwill to the end he might have had access to Stirling, where his purpose was the corrupting of the castle of Dumbarton with money, and to have stolen the King thither, as fittest place to convey him into France. He [Verac] had further commission to persuade them to beware of the Queen's majesty's practice, to have him to give pensions to suffer no league to be made with England, and to nourish division in this realm; all which is confessed by Mr. Stephen Wilson, lately come out of France, who has bronght letters to the Castle and to other noblemen from the French King, the bishop of Glasgow, and other noblemen. Sends him (abiding more) the inclosed of his confession. Further, he confesses plainly the pope's intention, and the rest of the league's against Scotland and England, and that one James Urie is to come shortly with the Pope's money for to begin the matter. This Wilson has been of long time a pestilent instrument for the Queen [of Scots] and the Papists. He [Killigrew] made him be taken. He says that assuredly they have intelligence in France from the Scottish Queen by La Mothe's means. There be two practisers more taken newly come out of France and Flanders, and one come with letters out of the Castle, whereof he will write more by his next. In the meantime, for the love of God, his Queen, country, himself, and all that profess Christ, let him do what he may reasonably to persuade her majesty to win this Castle and this nation. Sends him a copy of the late pacification. Edinburgh, in haste. Signed: H. Kyllygrew.

6 pp. Holograph. Addressed. Indorsed by Burghley.

Cott Calig., C. IV., fol. 38.

Copy of the same.

580. Henry Killigrew to Burghley. [March 11.]

Incloses two letters which Mr. John Gordon wrote heretofore to the Earl of Murray, at which time the said Gordon was in France and "depended another way"—a witness of his falsehood and doubleness. These other letters came to him from Alexander Hay also. Mr. Stephen Wilson has confessed that Mr. John Chayne brought one of the books set forth in Paris by Mr. John Gordon and his associates, which he destroyed. Edinburgh. Signed: H. Kyllygrew.

1 p. Holograph, also address. Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk).

581. Commission by Elizabeth to Drury. [March 12.] Add. MSS., 5,754, fol. 32.

Forasmuch as the French King and she have by mutual accord, for the desire that she has, and that he professes towards the reduction of Scotland to an universal peace, sent at sundry times heretofore their ministers jointly and severally (whereof he himself has been one) to treat, and persuade the parties being at controversy to come to some reasonable peace, or otherwise to assure them in whom manifest default shall be found that they should be compelled to conform themselves to such orders as the Estates of that realm should by parliament ordain; since which time of her beginning to deal with them, although there have been many obstacles devised by such as have appeared to regard more their private ambition than the public quietness of the realm, yet she certainly understands that the three Estates in their last parliament fully anew accorded to continue their obedience to the King, and that of late those principal noblemen, namely, such as for some time withdrew themselves from the obedience of the King and the Regent, have voluntarily submitted to the King, and have assented to acknowledge the Regent, so that she, to her great comfort, now sees manifest likelihood of that which she and the French King have intended; and therefore, considering how necessary a thing it is for the weal of that realm and for conservation of the peace betwixt their realms, which has hitherto been much hindered by certain private presumptuous persons that in nowise can like to live in peace—she wills, and by these presents fully warrants and authorises him, that if the Regent and the nobility there for the King shall let him understand of any discorded persons upon the frontiers that shall not submit themselves to the King and the State for keeping of peace on those frontiers and for answering to her subjects just amends according to the laws of the Borders, or of any that shall detain any castle of the King's, or shall levy any forces against the King, thereby seeking to renew the civil war, or to bring in strangers into Scotland for that purpose, and shall require aid of him to concur with the King's forces for the reduction of such disordered persons to obedience, he shall with such forces as are there in her pay, and with any others that shall be sent thither or may be levied by him, and with such munition, artillery, and other things thereto belonging, join with the Regent and nobility for the King at such time and in such manner and sort, and with such numbers of her subjects as he shall be further particularly directed by her or by her Privy Council by writing to be sent to him, upon knowledge given to her of the demand of the said Regent, and of the necessity thereof, as it shall appear certainly to be for the behoof of the King, to the repressing of any of his rebels or peace breakers, or of such as shall obstinately refuse to accord to the common peace in that realm accorded upon by the three Estates, and to the maintenance of the mutual quietness to be preserved on her Borders. And for all things which he or any other by his direction shall do in this behalf, this shall be his sufficient warrant to command all her ministers and subjects to be aiding and assisting to him herein by sea or by land for all manner of things hereto necessary. Greenwich.

1 large p. Copy. Indorsed: "Copia. S W^m Drury his Comyssion from the Queenes Ma^ty."

582. Discourse by the Regent Morton. [March 13.] Cott. Calig., C. IV., fol. 44.

"Discours deliverit be the Regent his grace to my lord the ambassadoure for the quenis Majestie of England. At Edinburgh the xiij of Marche 1572."

Calling to mind what time has passed, and what matters of importance have intervened since his last writing to the Queen of England, he has thought it convenient to signify to her by his own letter the present condition of their affairs, and how they have proceeded this while past, and therewith to crave such aid as they have need of. Thinking it would be tedious for the Queen and Lords to read so large a letter, has written his meaning in a memoir to Killigrew, from whom her majesty can receive the true information.

Reminds him of the state of Scotland after the death of the Regent Mar, and how at her majesty's desire he accepted the regency, being to his "greit travellis and panis and not without sumptuus chargeis." But as he entered on the charge chiefly for her satisfaction and continuance of the amity betwixt the realms next to the King's preservation, so he looks not for any relief saving that comfort, aid, and support which he has found and still "lippynis" to receive at her hands. Has been willing to follow her majesty's advice, especially in the pacification of the King's disobedient subjects, although with the misliking of a great number zealous in the King's service and his own near friends, "quhilkis being far behind the hand throw the tinsale, bludesched and long imprisoning of thair freindes, the dimolishing of thair housses and spoylzeing of thair guides hes greatlie stomachat and takin indignatioun at my proceeding." Yet the whole nobility and subjects, in effect, are come under the King's obedience, and have approved his regiment, except the few that detain the Castle of Edinburgh. He can also report what reason was offered to them of the Castle at the "owtrynning" of the last abstinence, and upon how slender occasion the war was renewed in their default. Is assured that her majesty understands it, for the only cause was a particular touching themselves, and not that common cause whereof they gave forth to the world that they were so careful. Not contented with their provision made during the five months preceding etc., they would either have liberty to furnish the house with new wines, powder, bullets, and other provision for longer detaining it, or then wilfully renew the war,—as they did. Which not only they but the Duke's sons and the Earl of Huntlie misliked. Wherefore the Duke's sons and the Earl of Huntlie, taking heed to themselves, seeing in him [Morton] no intention of war, and that it was renewed without their knowledge or allowance, took particular assurances for themselves and their friends. Whereupon, by his [Killigrew's] earnest travails, followed their late convention at St. Johnston; and seeing that some of the most special and weighty points are referred to her majesty's advice, his expectation is that in this, as in all other things, she will so direct her doings as may most tend to the honour and surety of the King, and to the weal and quietness of his good subjects, and that also he shall receive her promise and obligation as surety for the Duke's sons and the Earl of Huntlie that they shall observe the conditions of pacification according to their band.

Touching them in the Castle, he doubts nothing but her majesty condemns them as the occasion and instruments by whom this trouble continues etc. After the pacification was accorded to, the Duke's sons and the Earl of Huntlie wrote by their own servant to the Castle signifying their discontentation of the renewing of the war without their advice, and earnestly desired them in the Castle to consider their own estates, and not to live further upon uncertainties—meaning the French support—but rather that they would come to some reasonable end, and if they would be conformable thereto, they offered all good means they could for the weal and safety of them in the Castle, not doubting to bring the same to good conclusion, seeing his [Morton's] goodwill so bent to quietness. But how slender and arrogant their answer was is "notour." Killigrew can report it "with thair haill maner of procedingis." As was before suspected, and now daily by proof grows more manifest, they having "deliberat" to follow France, soever what inconvenience it might bring to religion or the realm, could be satisfied with no surety unless the King's side had passed from the ground of their honest cause, taken on them the blame of their crimes, and given them a declaration to have been honest men in all their proceedings, which they could not do, the contrary being so well known through the most part of Europe, and especially to the godly and honest in both the realms. How ungodly and abominably they proceeded in the late war is well enough known, "in that thay have not sparit the sons of God, the people being thair convenit in tyme of devine service, thinking in that place be schott of ordinance to have murtherit the gretair multitude, and be discharging of thair ordinance aganis wemen, childrene, and impotent personis, quhais slauchter on the streitis hes bene thair gretaist victory, as alsua be fire raising in the toun, quhilk they thocht utterlie to have destroyit sa sone as they fund the wind favorable to the executioun of thair precogitat mischeif, liberallie spending thair schott quhair ony apperance wes to quenche the flamme," so that they doubt not their cruelties have been brought home to them, and their doings "to be detestit" of all the godly and honest, who, they hope, shall not now find them worthy [of] the mercy and favour that heretofore being offered they rejected, but will allow that they be recompensed with such punishment as they justly deserved.

Good consideration is to be taken of the practices betwixt France and them, which now are not obscure, but daily become more manifest, as from time to time they give him [Killigrew] knowledge, according to the intelligence that falls into their hands. Foreign invasion is the less to be thought of if this one impediment remaining were removed, and it is not to be doubted but that France "anys having orderit thingis within the self," as they brag shortly to do, will study to proceed further with them in all likelihood, such affection standing amongst the confederates of that unholy league to execute their decrees, and therefore it is to be weighed, if reason and good policy allow that "tymous" provision in removing inconveniences should be omitted till the armed enemy set foot on land, or not. Thinks no other goodwill is looked for at their hands, and that their attempt had not been so long protracted if their domestic impediments were not the cause. Doubts not that her majesty and her Council sufficiently understand what the strength of the Castle is, and what force of men etc., will be able to recover it. The matter taking effect by her majesty's means, it will not only put "their cuntreis" in surety at her friendship and devotion, but spare charges to her, wherewith heretofore she has been burdened and still will be so long as the State is not "throuchlie quietit," for they are not able to recover it by force themselves, the King's whole "invintionis, pulder" and bullets being within the Castle, "and the lingering of the assege in sic sort as it is now preissit be famyn, haldis all thingis still doubtfull, dryves ws to continewall chargeis, and makis ws unable to stand hir majesteie in sic stead as utherwise we micht, gif she suld have occasioun to employ ws." Her majesty's favourable aid being granted for the quieting of this State and recovering of this Castle, they offer to do to her all such honour and friendseip as at any time heretofore has been offered, and especially the like conditions as are contained in the contract made at Berwick before the "incuming" of her majesty's support that came into this realm for expelling the Frenchmen out of Leith; and, further, they will enter in league with her and the realm of England for maintenance and defence of the true religion and professors thereof in both the realms against the persecution of the cruel Council of Trent "and personis quhatsumevir being in the societie of that unhaly league, and to mak all convenient securitie in that quhilk may tend to the welth and suritie of baith the realmes." Are content to enter hostages for the security of her majesty's forces and "invintioun" that shall come into Scotland. If their ability "answerit" their goodwill, her majesty should be relieved of the great charges which she has sustained through the King her cousin and his realm in his "zoung aige," but in place thereof, as he [Morton] is assured, she will find him thankful when he is of age. In the meantime her majesty may be well assured to find such friendship and readiness of Scotland to do her lawful service against any that press to annoy her or her estate, and that her favour and charges are fruitfully bestowed, and that she has not dealt with "unthankfull" people. It rests, besides the removing of the "inconvenient" by detention of the Castle, that speedy and "substantious" resolution be taken for quieting the Borders and suppressing the insolence of the "disorderit" subjects of both the realms, whereby the peaceable people may live unspoiled, and the fugitives of both the realms may be apprehended and delivered according to the treaties. Is content to enter into strict and special conditions hereanent. Signed: James Regent.

3 pp. Closely written. Indorsed by Killigrew: "A discourse sent me from the Regentes grace the 13 of Marche." 1572.

Cott. Calig., C. IV., fol.43.

Copy of the first part of the same.

583. The Regent Morton to Burghley. [March 13.]

"Richt honorable and my verie gude lord," I have this long while forborne to trouble you with my letters in consideration of the truth, diligence, and sufficiency of him who is here her majesy's ambassador, by whom I doubt not your lordship has had ample information of all our proceedings from time to time. The same form of dealing I presently use, having delivered to him my mind both by speech and "write" to be communicated to her majesty and her Council, especially to your lordship, to whom, albeit presently I use few words, yet my sure expectation is that your lordship will be a good mean to her majesty that such things as I have mentioned may be speedily considered of, and provided for accordingly. The enemies of God's truth and of the present state of both the realms sleep not. I pray your lordship "effectuuslie" that I may know her majesty's good pleasure and resolution "howsone" may be, for that the time is precious. Edinburgh. Signed: James Regent.

⅓ p. Addressed. Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk).

584. Henry Killigrew to Burghley. [March 14.]

Is still of the same mind he was of in his answer to his lordship's of the 3rd instant from Theobalds. By all intelligence that comes hither, there is no appearance but that France will have war with England as soon as they may possibly, which he leaves him to have judgment of upon such advertisements as he sends by this bearer, whom he has borrowed of Sir Valentine Browne. Will answer the two points of his letter which he left unanswered before, to wit, how her majesty might oversee the murders, and what pension might be bestowed here. For the first, he assures him that unless he had granted to the writing he delivered to the Earl of Huntly and the Duke's son, there would have been no peace. The necessity of the peace made him grant thereto to avoid many dangers to the King, the Regent, and this whole Estate, which could not in his opinion have suffered without their trouble and charges. Had further for him that her majesty's former ministers here had gone as far, yet prevailed not therein. The reasons why her majesty may now in honour consent, in his poor judgment, be to save the King and State from shipwreck. "The first Regent had the contriver of his death, the bishop of St. Andrews, hanged, and the doers be yet excepted." The second, although the war was not just, "was slain, as many more examples have been of the like, and yet the murderer and the enterpriser of the exploit executed." Now to follow a war still with so great danger to the King for a more ample revenge, he knows not per quam regulam. If Lady Lennox can persuade the Queen to send the Regent means to win the Castle of Edinburgh, he thinks she could not be better revenged, nor do her majesty and this young babe greater service. The thing desired of her majesty is but her private letter to the Regent requesting him to oversee those things for the King's weal and common peace, and to avoid the danger of shipwreck, which are Mr. Secretary's words to him. The bond her majesty must make as surety for the good behaviour of the noblemen received to mercy may "take some light" from their own band unto her majesty, which he sends in this despatch; and surely, as he has written to Mr. Secretary, he thinks the Regent could do her no more honour and service, than with the rest that were at the King's devotion before, to make them also that are now come to the same obedience become "debt bound" to her. If his doings have herein been contrary to her majesty's intention, he craves pardon.

Touching the pensions, these be the men to be considered of—the Regent, the Earls of Huntly and Argyll, the Lord Boyd, who is able to keep Argyll in tune, and bears a great stroke in the west, Sir James Balfour, and Alexander Hay. The sum to content them and to keep this country at her majesty's devotion is, after his calculation, 1200l. sterling by the year, whereof 500l. for the Regent, 200l. for Huntly, 200l. for Argyll, 100l. for Lord Boyd, 100l. for Adam of Gordon, and the other 100l. between Sir James Balfour and "Sandy" Hay, to wit, 100 marks to Sir James and 50 to the other. As for the Castilians, he can say nothing. If her majesty will bestow but 1000l. sterling, then Adam of Gordon, Sir James Balfour and Hay must be left out. Has felt the Earl of Argyll, who will accept 200l., yet is sure he may have 2000 crowns of France at present, and Huntly, Athol, and others as much, yea, he knows the Regent himself has been dealt with by Lord Seton, but if her majesty will take the time and occasion, he is sure France shall fail of her purpose.

Has written another letter to him by this bearer, wherein are certain letters that he made mention of in his former these days past. The Earl of Argyll desires him to write for a licence to buy four geldings in England, and the Regent desires another for half a dozen, as these wars have spoiled them of horses. Thinks though they have their licence "their purses be not so full to send for geldings this year." As for the pensions, he would know whether he should go forward or stay. The Hamiltons, by her majesty's procurement, have Arbroath and Paisley, which be good things, and therefore need no pensions, but a gentle letter, if her majesty thinks good, in answer to their letter, which he sends by this bearer. If her majesty does not send or use means to reduce this Castle to obedience, it will come evil to pass; the Regent will be constrained to press her for money against the end of May, for he can furnish no longer, and he will not break with his soldiers. Therefore, if he be denied by her majesty, his honour may judge what he will be driven to do. He [Burghley] will say that Grange may keep the Castle with those conditions that Captain Arington sent him. Would rather go to Rome barefoot than deliver that answer. Beseeches him that if there be not good meaning to proceed in these causes, he may be revoked. The matter now here to be done depends on the accepting of the offers the Regent makes, and the taking or rendering of the Castle, "which being resolved apon of or on, wyll breade an end, and this resolution wyll grow, I trust, before this bearers retorne, whereby I may understand my fare"; for if the Regent finds once that he begins to halt or wax "tepidus"—whom hitherto he has found so true—"he will smell a rat," and, he fears, provide for a "dear year." Is desperate to do any good with the Castle unless there may grow any new occasion. Edinburgh. Signed: H. Kyllygrew.

Postscript.—His brother William Killigrew has requested him to beseech him to be his good lord for a groom's room in the privy chamber. There is somewhat in Mr. Stephen Wilson's confession touching the Captain of Dombritayne [Dumbarton] which he saw confirmed by other letters, and therefore the Regent's advice is, to avoid the worst, that Lady Lennox should be persuaded to make him receiver and overseer of the earldom of Lennox. The Earl of Angus' marriage with the Earl of Mars sister is concluded to be celebrated in June.

6 pp. Holograph. Addressed. Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk).

Cott. Calig., C. IV., fol. 40.

Copy of the same.

585. Imprest for Drury. [March 17.] Add. MSS., 5,754, fol. 36.

Warrant by Elizabeth for Sir Valentine Browne to imprest such sums as shall seem requisite to him for the service of Sir William Drury and others for extraordinary service in Scotland. Is not to pay above one month's wages to any new bands. Is to cause coat and conduct money for such as shall come from the President at York to be paid to such as the Lord President shall appoint. All other payments for carriage of ordnance, victuals etc. for this service shall be made upon the warrant of Sir William Drury. Given under our signet, at our manor of Greenwich.

²/3 p. Addressed. Indorsed. At the head: "Elizabeth R. By the Queen."

586. Henry Killigrew to Burghley. [March 17.]

After his carrier was despatched the Regent sent him this inclosed, which is a copy of Lethington's letter to Lady Livingston. There are three long letters yet at Stirling, undeciphered, whereof two are from Lethington to the bishop of Glasgow, and the third to John Chisolm, now in France with the said bishop. One of the letters to the bishop was written since Captain Errington was last in the Castle. These letters were taken by these means;—the Baron Boghill had a son in the Castle, nephew to Grange, and the Regent had intelligence that his mother sent by a boy to him and received letters from him by that means; whereupon he sent for the father and made him believe that unless he did somewhat to cancel this fault, it should cost him dear. Of this it came that the father practised to have his son come out, which was granted by them within, in hope both to send and to have intelligence by his means, with whom they concluded that he should send a man of his who knew the manner to come to them. This young man came forth when the Regent and the Earl of Huntly were at Aberdore, and was made to confess what he had, and how he was to be made an instrument; for which he was suffered to deliver some of his letters, and to send his man for more, who was there a day after Captain Errington departed; and after the letters had come forth, the father, mother, and son were taken for saving of their honesty, and so this intelligence was cut off. If the King's master cannot deciper these letters, he will have them to see what Mr. Sommer can do with them. Young Baron Boghill says they depend wholly on France, and have sent the King word that they will deliver him the Castle and go into France themselves, and further, they would rather die than fall into the hands of England, against which country they were entered in mortal hatred. This the Regent told him himself, whose words he has hitherto found so just that he does not believe they were uttered of policy. This Baron Boghill has also confessed that Lord Seton, Lady Livington, and Athol were the only conveyers of their letters, and the persons most trusted of the Castilians. The Regent has determined, therefore, to lay hand on Lord Seton, has sent for Lady Livingston to come to him, and has written to the Earl of Athol and his wife, by advice of the Council, to come plainly to the King's obedience and do his duty as others do, and not to remain neutral, for it cannot be borne any longer, and to give him warning to abolish his mass according to the law, or else he must look to abide the penalty. To give more credit to this message, the Earl of Argyll is gone to his country beside Athol, and still wishes for some occasion to be upon him, and Huntly, on the other side, is glad of this dealing towards Athol, for now that they be come to the King they would have all do the like. To these three noblemen the French King directed Verac and others to make them his by pensions and promises, who now are nothing near that matter, for two of them are bent to receive her majesty's pensions, and to depend upon her next to their own Prince. Prays God that her majesty neglect not this occasion. The Earl of Argyll came to his lodging twice, and has made a large show of his goodwill to her majesty, and as for the Earl of Huntly, he thinks himself assured of him. The old Duke has made solemn vow that rather than consent to have any French masters in Scotland he would die in the field against them. His [the Duke's] son told him the words, as also how much his father and all they thought themselves bound to her majesty, and how injuriously they were used by France. The Duke himself, since the pacification, wrote him earnest thanks with offers of his humble service to her majesty. He wrote to his lordship that Lady Lennox was to be persuaded to betake the government of the earldom into the charge of the Captain of Dumbarton, and since, upon some occasion of speech with the Regent, he perceives that he is desirous that, if she be minded to show Drumwhassil that favour, he would it to pass by his means and through his hands, because Drumwhassil detains certain church lands, which in this assembly of clergy in this town were called upon. They have agreed with the Regent that to recompense Lord Semple and George Douglas, they shall have the thirds of Paisley and Arbroath until the King may be able to do them good by other reward. This assembly is ordinary twice in the year. The preachers cry out against France in all their sermons and prayers as though the fact had been committed but yesterday, and if her majesty helps them to win the Castle, this people will hardly in many years be won from her majesty's devotion; so fain would they have the Castle that without it nothing would please them. [Their joy at the arrival of Colbrone's ship.] Beseeches him to have in remembrance that the Regent wrote in favour of Alexander Hume of Manderstone. Understands that one William Leslie is to come home out of France shortly. Cares not how few such men come hither till the end of the next parliament, and therefore is to put his lordship in mind that the Regent would not have Verac come hither before the parliament be ended, for avoiding of inconveniences that may otherwise grow. The Laird of Lochleven and his friends were of late to hold a court at Murroes [Murus], when it was thought the Laird of Buccleuch would have made some business, but no harm was done. The Laird of Buccleuch is become a suitor to the Regent for Farnyhurst, who married his sister, and promises before the end of May he shall come to the King's obedience. This delay of his is to be considered. The Regent was advertised that there was a meeting betwean Lord Scrope and Sir John Foster, where also Farnyhurst, Martin Elwoold, Buccleuch, and other Borderers would be, which made him enquire of him whether he knew of any such matter. It seemed to him [Killigrew] the Regent marvelled what it should mean. They of the Castle turned out within these three days two prisoners whom they took in the beginning of the siege, which makes some think they begin to spare their victuals. One Captain Edmonstons is now hither for soldiers and mariners to carry to the Prince of Orange. The Regent and the noblemen think assuredly that her majesty will send in her forces, and therefore, as he is informed, he has taken order since he spoke with Colbrone, who accompanied the munitions to Berwick, to make gabions for the battery. The Earl of Glencairn and Lord Oliphant, being bound home for a time, came to his house this day and took their leave of him. There be eight condemned persons of such as were against the authority in this town, who shall suffer. Thinks this day [there will be] some death and some banishment out of the country. Edinburgh. Signed: H. Kyllygrew.

Postscript.—A pensioner of her majesty's, called Mr. Cressy, came with Sir George Cary to Berwick, and thence made a step to this town, where he [Killigrew] made him dine with the Regent and see the trenches and such things as were to be seen here.

7 pp. Holograph, also address. Indorsed by Burghley.

Cott. Calig., C. IV., fol. 49.

Copy of the same.

Inclosure with the same:—

(Maitland to Lady Livingston.)

At the head: "From Lethingtoun to the Lady Levingstoun discipherit."

This is to advertise your ladyship that I have within three days received a letter from the bishop of Glasgow dated the 13th day of December last, which Mr James Kirkcaldy brought, whereby he has most earnestly desired my Lord Hwme and me in the King of France's name to cause some travail with Alexander Erskin for sure keeping of the Prince and house of Striveling in his hands as well from the Earl of Mortoun and the Douglases as from England, because he thinks, if the Prince come into Morton's hands, he will not fail to be delivered to England, who will press very earnestly to have him in their hands, and so thereafter to use the Queen more extremely. The bishop writes to me desiring me to ass[ure] Alexander Erskin that if he will constantly retain the "barne" and house in his hands out of England's and the Douglase's hands that he shall have all things of the King of France that he will require, which shall greatly redound both to his profit and honour; for they think, in France, the preservation of the Prince's person out of England's hands "is only the saulfty of the quene and of her persoun," and for that cause the King of France wishes earnestly the sure keeping of the "barne" and house from England and Mortoun. For this effect I have caused my Lord Hwme [to] write a letter to his sister, Alexander's wife, therein only referring all things to your credit, which I pray you "effectuuslie" to deliver yourself into her hands, and declare the matter as is aforesaid to her, pressing her earnestly to deal with her husband for the same effect, and to obtain his direct answer thereanent. You may further assure him that if Alexander [Hume] will take in hand surely to keep the Prince and house in his hands, my Lord Hwme and I will make such assurance of the King of France's good mind and affection towards him as he can require; wherein we will and can assure him of all things which he will require the King of France to do for him, which may tend both to his great profit and perpetual honour. I pray your ladyship for entertainment of this "purpois" to address you to Alexander's wife and deal continually with her, "zea and to cast in ane bane to hir to nurische hir mair ernistlie to persuade hir husband heirof," as to propose marriage of your son to Alexander's daughter, which will move them the rather to consent to the King of France's desire towards the keeping of the bairn and house, "and zit to perfite nor end nocthing with thame, bot to intertein with that fair bane," whereof I doubt not they will well . . . . I understand by my lord of Glasgow that the King is . . . . bent thereon, and will spare nothing that the said Alexander will or can desire if he will keep the bairn and house in his hands, "as alsua will spurre the quenis deliverance." Edinburgh Castle. Signed: "your La. ze knaw quha."

(Maitland to the Bishop of Glasgow.)

Does not hazard writing to him in the usual cipher, fearing that by the taking of Mr. James Kircaldy, who had the copy, the alphabet has fallen into the hands of the adversaries, and therefore he is constrained to use John Chesholme's.

1 p. Indorsed by Burghley.

587. Huntly to Henry Killigrew. [March 23.] Cott. Calig., C. IV., fol. 52.

"My Lord, efter maist hartley commendatione." I received your letter of the 12th instant, whereby I perceive your earnest and diligent labours for the pacification of this troubled realm, continuing as you have well begun, "quhilk I pray God tak guid success"; and for my own part, assuredly all things by me promised shall be faithfully performed, and I pray your lordship to continue in your requesting for the poor men of Edinburgh and in all other causes of mine, as they occur, like as my cousin and servant, Alexander Drummond, will be present to inform you. I must thank your lordship heartily for your goodwill to me, which by all honest means I shall go about to acquit, and have ordained the said Alexander to confer therein with you at length.

As for those in the Castle, I am sorry they should use themselves any ways to bring or entertain division or war within this realm. But for myself I will "mell" no further in their causes than my Lord Regent thinks expedient. As for your performance of articles passed in part at the Queen your mistress' command, I doubt not but you will fulfil the same truly in all sorts, according to the place you bear, and if anywise I had doubt thereof, I would have been loth to have proceeded in the manner as I did.

Touching the men of war I had, they are now in au plus offerant so I shall do all in me to make them depart with favour out of these parts, because I think not to have the like ado with them again, "and the soner anny cum that wald heave sic, the gryttar number tha vill finde." You shall not find me changed from the good intention and mind you left me in, like as more particularly the said Alexander will show your lordship in all behalfs when you shall meet. Albeit, I hear of the retention of one James Glen, and fortifying of the places of Avbroath [Arbrothok] and Paisley, yet I have left nothing on my part unfulfilled. I hope my Lord Regent will take order therewith accordingly. Spyne. Signed: Hwntlye.

²/3 p. Holograph, also address. "To my Lord Ambassadour for the Q. majeste of Inglandde." Part of the paper cut off. Faded.

588. Huntly to [ ]. [March 23.]

Accepts the Regent's answer in good part. [Marginal note in Killigrew's hand: "This is ment by Mackentosch and the L. Lovet which did mak incorsion uppon hem during his being at St. Johnstons]. Will continue to keep the peace. Has let Archibald Douglas' master see by proof his performance of "randering" of houses, "takkis, and stedingis," with the "breke" of the men of war, so that no fault shall justly be found in him. Has "endit" the band, and sent it to his cautioners "till use likuise," but has desired the Regent to continue the registering thereof till his own coming, when, God willing, he will satisfy his grace therein, and any other reasonable matter he requires.

⅓ p. At the head: "The erll of Huntlie in a lettre to a freind from Spyne the 23 of Marche writteth thus." Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk).

589. Notes of Letters, etc., sent by Henry Killigrew to Sir Thomas Smith. March.

"Letters and other writings in this packet," viz.:—a letter from the Queen to the Regent; a letter to her majesty from the Earl of Huntly and Lord Arbroath, and a copy thereof; the articles of pacification at St. Johnstoun's; a copy of the proclamation upon the pacification; the answer received by Captain Arrington in the Castle, 2nd March; Huntly's and Lord John Hamilton's band to the Queen; examination of Stephen Willsonne; Peter Dowglas's confession; the Regent's discourse to the ambassador; copy of the ambassador's promise to Huntly and Lord Arbroath; copy of Lethington's and Grange's letter to Huntly of 23rd February; form of the band for observation of the peace; proclamation for the parliament; Act of Parliament concerning the league; secret advertisements drawn out of letters and examinations; Sir James Balfour's letter of 6th March to the ambassador; copy of Robert Dowglas's letter to the Regent from France.

²/3 p. Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk): "Martii 1572. A note of lettres and other writings sent to M^r Secretary from M^r Killigrew."

590. Chatelherault and Huntly to [ ]. (fn. 3) [March 25.] Lansd. MSS., Vol. XV., fol. 2.

After our hearty commendations:—we have heard by the report of Mr. Arrington and by your writings sent by him that you have conceived and taken some fear in your repairing to this town through the misbehaviour, boasting, and evil bearing of the soldiers there, and are sorry, misliking altogether that any man here should move such occasion (if any was); for we mind no other ways but your honest and gentle handling, and if we had been sure of any such boasting, would not only have found fault therewith, but have punished and put order thereto "as according": therefore we have spoken to the captains and whole soldiers therein, and taken such order therein as we dare, and will promise on our honour that your repairing to this town, remaining therein, or therefrom departing you shall neither be troubled, injured nor molested any manner of way. Edinburgh. Signed: James Hammylton. Hwntley.

½ p. Indorsed: "25 Marche 1572. Copie of a lettre from the D. Hammilton to Hwntlye of assurance."

591. Drury to Burghley. [March 25.]

Has received by his servant, Williams, the Queen's letters and commission, with instructions from the Privy Council and his private letter. Having perused the contents of the whole, he has presently despatched Captain Errington to Mr. Killigrew to make him acquainted with all. Thought it his part to put him in mind that it were requisite that both in Yorkshire and the bishopric [Durham] some more men were in readiness. It has always been the order that on entering into Scotland from these parts the same have been supplied from more inward parts to prevent all attempts;—"the notableness" of the Scots his lordship well knows. The powder is in surety arrived here in a very proper vessel of Rye, being very well appointed for her burden, which he has thought good to make stay of, her majesty's charges not being increased thereby, but saved. Has used, and will use the advice of Sir Valentine Browne in anything that may concern her majesty's service, whom he finds both willing and ready in that he may. Berwick. Signed: William Drury.

Postscript.—Even now are come into the haven the hoys from Newcastle with things needful for the journey.

1 p. Holograph. Addressed. Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk).

592. The Regent Morton to Burghley. [March 26.]

How the affairs of our estate here have passed of late, I have remitted to the information of the Queen's majesty's ambassador, your lordship's good friend here resident, by whom, I doubt not, from time to time you have understood it, and how willing I have been of late, at his motion, to yield to all conditions that might have spared charges and avoided inconveniences to her highness, I trust you will bear record; but since hope of their winning by gentle means is past, and they have "dedicat" themselves to be instruments of such present wickedness, and to procure further the "inquietatioun" of both the realms, I pray your lordship, according to your accustomed care and wisdom, to be a good mean and furtherer at her majesty's hands, that by her speedy aid and forces the dangers here may be "tymouslie" removed, and the foreign and domestic enemies "frustrat"; for the Castle once recovered, I hope the strangers should find their advantage small or none, and if they "addressit" themselves against her majesty "we suld be found als willing and reddy to oure power as ony of hir awin subjectis." I have received her majesty's recommendation procured in favour of Pharnyhirst, and have written my meaning towards him in my answer to her highness' self, "quhairunto," since I look your lordship shall be made privy, I will forbear to use repetition. Her majesty has found in me, and shall find her advices followed, although the danger in many respects be evident, but for this man I trust her majesty, being rightly informed of him, shall nowise think it meet that the country (well quieted by his absence) shall be troubled by his restitution, wherein (if it so should be) there is no less inconvenience apparent to her majesty's own subjects, than to the people of this realm. My expectation is that your lordship in giving advice will travail that the "bipast deserving" of that man toward both the realms, and the danger and commodity of his restitution and presence may be advisedly considered and then I doubt not of the resolution. "Halyrudehous." Signed: James Regent.

²/3 p. Addressed. Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk).

593. Henry Killigrew to Burghley. [March 27.]

Received his letters of the 18th on the 25th instant by Captain Arington, wherein he sees her majesty's desire and his earnest charging of him. Nothing has been left undone that might reasonably be done to end this trouble without the Queen of England's forces. One clause in his letter of the 3rd instant made him become one of St. Thomas' disciples, and being of that mind, he may well think he would not encourage the Regent, but rather induce him to take the best way, whereunto he ever found him ready enough, so far as he might do the same with the King's surety, which could not be, they having the Castle; whereunto he adds this further consideration, that, besides Lady Livingston's practice, he has discovered others, and therefore caused his cousin, Archibald Douglas, to be removed to Dumbarton Castle. The Castle once in the Regent's hands, he will take better order for the security of the King, but he dares not take him out of the hands of the Countess and Master of Mar, who have the custody of the Castle of Stirling, and are Papists, because he has no other place of assurance. Besought the Regent to leave no means undone to have the Castle by composition, assuring him that in so doing, and in relieving her majesty now of this burden, it would be so thankfully accepted that he was assured she would not be forgetful of it when he should have cause to use her favour to this avail, whereunto, after a little pause, his grace said that he had done what might be done, and called him to witness as follows.—That at his [Killigrew's] first coming, before Du Croc went hence, they made certain demands which were unreasonable; whereunto, although they had a reasonable answer, yet they would not be satisfied; after Le Croc's departure he procured a meeting at St. Johnston's, where they came not who should have come, yet as much was there granted in substance as the lords had by this last accord. But that would not serve them, because nothing might content them till their aid came out of France, for the which they sent by Verac when Le Croc departed, and made him [Killigrew] believe, in the meantime, that when Le Croc was departed he should agree the matter etc. When the nobility were assembled, then they found fault that all were not there, especially such as they knew would not or could not come, and thus they drove time till the breach of the abstinence, which by their default only, without the consent of the noblemen of their side, as may appear in their letters written to them since the pacification, wherein they made mention they were well used, and offered to be suitors and dealers for them, if they would employ them; whereunto they never made answer, but sent a scroll subscribed to the effect that if the lords' men would come to the Castle they should have an answer to their letter. More than this they never wrote or sent, but, before the pacification, they used all the means they could indirectly to keep them from accord. Now he knows there was more reason that they within should make an answer in writing to the lords' men. He knows all this as well as the Regent, and therefore he may judge whether he may do any more than he has done. He [the Regent] has consented for his part to a peace with the noblemen with the danger of his life and with the loss of his friends and kinsfolk, who lose thereby, and he is menaced secretly in many ways, whereof he [Killigrew] is not ignorant, and this has done to please her majesty, and that, the pacification once perfected here, he might be able to stand her in some stead in these troublesome days, which he will do as willingly and truly as ever Regent did. "And yet," quoth his grace, "I have not said all, for in case that Grange would have rendered the Castle, I offered for his safety the choice of three castles, to wit, Blackness, Fauckland [Falkland], and St. Andrews, and for some relief to themselves in recompense of his charges, I offered him the lease of the priory of St. Andrews for ten years, which is worth much money, and withal that he should nominate to bishop there whom pleased him. Besides this, for their surety and good usage, I think your lordship's self in your sovereign's name did make large offers to them." He [Killigrew] will see they practise with France both to steal the King and to continue sedition: to which end Verac was sent and divers others to the end that, if the Castle holds out long they may be able to work some mischief. Prays him to think well of this matter.

Confessed his grace had done very well, and that all that he had alleged was true, and that he had from time to time made report thereof. Notwithstanding, seeing he had prospered so well by yielding to peace, in consideration of the inconvenience above specified, he desired his grace to condescend to some further yielding than had been granted, whereby he might crown this work and make the Queen of England beholden to him. Told the Regent that if Grange and Lethington would put in pledges to keep the Castle for the King and the authority, as the Earl of Mar has done for the keeping of the King's person, he thinks it may make an end. With this his grace was amazed, and said that, although he would be so mad, the nobility would never grant thereunto; for the matter was propounded in the last parliament, and it was concluded on his [Killigrew's] motion that there should be favour shown the Duke's house and the Earl of Huntley's, in hope that her majesty would assist them for the winning of the Castle, and to that end it was agreed that the hostages should be sent into England, and therefore that was a thing not to be thought of, much less to be agreed. This much being passed, his grace resolved to write again to the Queen of England for aid, and desired him to do the like, that no time might be lost. The letters were "made," but Captain Arington came with his [Burghley's] letters on the 26th instant, whereupon he took occasion to essay the Regent anew, that although he would not grant that they should keep the Castle, yet he besought him for many reasons that they might have the like assurance for their lives, lands etc., as the other lords had. He again desired him not to make him that request, for it would endanger the King's estate as well as his own life. Moreover, that it was not to be granted by himself without the advice of the council of nobility, which was absent. Howbeit he pressed him so far that he said he would hazard all to pleasure the Queen of England and to avoid her charges and the trouble of bringing in an army, and therefore condescended that he should send Captain Arington to them with the offer that they should have the like surety that the lords had at St. Johnston's. This message Captain Arington received of his grace's own mouth, and went to the Castle the same day and dealt with them at length, but could have no other answer but this;—that when they saw the articles of pacification they would make answer whether they would stand to them or no. He inquired wherefore they had not sent for them on receipt of the lords' letters. They answered that they would have spoken with their men, but could not. "No," quoth Arington, "there was no reason why you should." He left them in no hope to have the articles. He remarked at his being there that there was much labour bestowed on fortifying since the first of this month. He supposed the house stronger by ten lasts of powder and 100 men than it was then. He said they were "ill like" in the face with over working or watching, and that Robert Melvin was in his mind much amazed. When he heard this answer he yet again procured of the Regent that they might see the articles, which he said they might have had sooner if they had desired them. He sent them by his man in the morning, with a letter, a copy whereof he incloses with their answer, which he [Killigrew] utterly mislikes. Burghley may see Lethington's cunning in his answer: he will neither deny the assurance for offending the noblemen nor allow of that, for fear, if he did, he should forthwith, by confessing the King, be constrained to render him his Castle as his own, and not to be kept against his will. His man, who carried them his letter and the articles, told him he thinks they will yield, and therefore he will once again seek to speak with them before the summoning and the unlading of the ordnance. Edinburgh. Signed: H. Kyllygrew.

8 pp. Holograph. Addressed. Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk).

Cott. Calig., C. IV., fol.54.

Copy of the same.

Inclosure with the same:—

(Henry Killigrew to Maitland and Grange.)

Whereas they were desirous to see the articles of pacification accorded at St. Johnstone's, he sends them the same day by this bearer, by whom he prays them to return them with their resolute answer in writing, whether they can like of them or no. This is all he can obtain for them, and if they do not accept them at this instant he believes they shall never have the like offer again, for so it is determined, and with what difficulty this much was obtained for them he omits to write; therefore, God grant that they may bethink themselves in time, for there will be nothing added nor diminishd of these articles for their assurance. It was agreed by the noblemen that the King should have his house, and, if he be not deceived, when they hear they refuse such appointment as they have accepted, it will nothing content them. If they can like these conditions for their surety, and render the house to the King, he will promise that they shall find no less friendship in England than the Lord Treasurer's letters to him, which he sent them by Captain Arrington, offered. If they dare trust him they shall not be deceived. Sends Grange a copy of her majesty's letter in favour of Farnyhurst, whereby he may see her good nature, whatsoever occasion has been given her majesty to the contrary. Has also sent a letter of Lady Athole's to Lady Lethington, that she may see he has not forgotten to help to preserve her house, which others go about to overthrow. Tells Lethington that for the private request he made touching the reduction of a forfeiture by one Byston, he performed his desire. Prays them now to be good to themselves and not undo their friends. Assures them that their enemies would not have them yield, and, further, that there is no support for them; therefore, if they render not the house, they shall feel the cannon within eight days, as he is credibly informed. If they answer not directly in writing and render the house they need never look to hear from him, nor that the like offer shall ever be made again. 27th of March. Signed: "By your old aqwayntaunce and frynd hytherto." Henry Kyllygrew.

1 p. Copy. Indorsed by Killigrew: "My lettre to Lydington and Grange 27 of Marche."

594. The Regent Morton's Answer to Articles sent by the Privy Council to Drury. [March 28.]

Let harbingers be directed before, and they shall have the choice of the town of Edinburgh for the place to contain the companies together. Thought the six hostages which he nominated before to be sufficient, viz.,—George Douglas, son to his [Morton's] cousin the Laird of Kylspindye, being sister's son to the Earl of Craufurd, and nearest of blood to the house of Angus; the Earl of Argyll's base son; the Earl of Eglintoun's brother, William Mountgomerye; the Earl of Glencarne's nephew of his son or brother; Lord Ruthen's brother Alexander; and Lord Symple's son, named John Simple of Brintshelis. Since he understands that more were required, he has burdened the Earl of Cassillsfor his cousin Archibald Kennedy's son; the Earl of Montrose for a son of one of his nearest friends of his name; the Earl Marishal for a son of the Master Marishal's son; Lord Lyndsaye for one of his next cousins; Lord Olyphaunt for a son or brother; Lord Zester for his brother; and Lord Uchiltre for a son. Amongst these he trusts to find as many as shall be sufficient if more than six be required. Must be advertised what day they will be prepared to be entered, and what day the ships of war will be in readiness to conduct the hoys and ships, if it be thought necessary, seeing that there is no peril appearing. Oxen shall be provided for drawing the ordnance etc. Such pioneers as may be had shall be enrolled, and horsemen shall be provided to accompany the footbands by land to Edinburgh. The lodgings of the soldiers shall be in the most convenient places of Edinburgh at the discretion of the harbingers who shall be sent before. The victualling is not to be doubted, for the longer the stay the greater abundance shall they find, and all things the better. The Marshal shall be fully allowed to use his authority in Scotland over the English subjects. Such as shall give the assault to the Castle shall have the spoil of all there is within it, and the prisoners also, according to the manner of war, to be divided amongst them, except the ordnance and munitions, royal plate, jewels, wardrobe, household stuff, registers, and records belonging to the King and crown of Scotland. Grange, Lethington, and Lord Hume shall be reserved to be justified by the laws of Scotland, and England's advice shall be used. As for the soldiers that shall happen to be slain or hurt, they will accord to the contents of the article as far as the Marshal and the Queen's ambassador here shall find reasonable and possible, and they will likewise accord for her majesty's ordnance that shall happen to be broken by service, as the article imports. After the exploit is done all favourable means shall be used to expedite both the English soldiers and the ordnance.

1½ pp. Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk): "28 Martii 1573. Y Reg. answer to Articles sent from y^e Counsell to S^r W^m Drury."

Cott. Calig., C.IV.,fol. 66b.

Copy of the same.

595. Sir John Foster to [the Treasurer of Berwick]. (fn. 4) [March 29.] Cott. Calig., C. IV., fol.59.

Immediately after the receipt of his letter he sent to Sir Thomas Karr, Laird of Fernihurst, and declared to him that the Queen of England had written to the Regent in his behalf, who [Farnyhurst] sends a man of his own to the Regent to understand his pleasure in the answering of the Queen's letter, and desires him [the Treasurer] to go to the Regent with Fernihurst's man, and to give his good word and furtherance for the said Laird in obtaining an answer. Farnyhurst is content to fulfil all the conditions he made to the Queen and the Regent for the maintenance of the King's authority, so that his friends and tenants may be in surety both of their lives and livings. Prays him to let him understand what answer the Regent gives. Thinks he will obtain a better answer if his man goes to the Regent with him [the Treasurer]. Alnwick. Signed: John Forster.

²/3 p. Copy. At the head: "S^r John Forster to the Lord Th^rer." (fn. 5)

Cott. Calig., C. IV., fol. 61.

Extracts from the same.

596. Henry Killigrew to Burghley. [March 29.]

On the 28th of this month he communicated to the Regent such instructions as he received from the Privy Council, and concluded as may appear by the articles. The first hostages were so long in this town that they withdrew to their friends. They and others are now sent for. Whereas it was desired that the Duke and the Earl of Huntley shall send hostages, as they are not yet fully restored, it must be done in the parliament, and by her majesty's advice to the Regent, which is not yet come, but he beseeches him to hasten them farther. They have not brought in their caution, which they put over till it be near the Parliament, that they may have their full surety together upon the giving of their cautions. Notwithstanding, the Regent has written to them both, but would be loth the aid should stay upon them, for he will prepare others sufficient, and they shall be sent after, which he promises shall be done so soon as they arrive. Has put the Regent in remembrance to have in readiness all such furniture as he promised for his part, whereof he sent the particular, and now sends another. The Regent has taken order for the same with greater care than has been commonly seen in this country. Trusts her majesty shall not have cause to repent any favour bestowed on him. He [Killigrew] can almost desire nothing in her majesty's name that he will deny him —neither in matter of justice or favour. There were eight burgesses of this town condemned about this civil quarrel and ready to be executed, whose wives did so hang upon him that he was driven to write in their favour: his grace pardoned their lives and banished them the realm, which was the women's desire, who pray daily for her majesty since the peace at St. Johnston's. He keeps his promise truly, and suffers no occasion that may be occasion of breach or unkindness. The Duke and the Earl of Huntley have hitherto done the like, and no appearance to the contrary, and yet the devil is busy. Has sent some advertisements to Mr. Secretary; may it please him to call for them. The Regent thinks no unkindness in Sir John Forster for suing for Farnyhurst, who is a wicked man, and God knows the cause why the Lord Warden shows him such unkindness. Sends herewith a supplication presented against Farnyhurst by his mother. This night at supper it was told him that Farnyhurst lay in ambush to trap them of Jedworth [Jedburgh] with the help of some English, but he cannot assure it, although a gentleman who was there made the report.

The Regent has in way of talk enquired of him whether there be no marriage in England fit for the young King. Leaves his honour to consider of it. The Regent now writes to her majesty and the Earls of Sussex and Leicester. The young King and the Countess of Marr write to the Queen of England [and] to the Countess of Lennox, who has the delivery of them; the King's letter contains thanks, with desire of aid of her as the Princess under God whom he most leaneth unto for help. Lady Marr's letter contains an excuse for her silence, with thanks and offers to deserve her favour. Lord Livingstone, Verac, and Mulins be, according to his [Burghley's] advice, provided for: the Regent has written his mind therein to Mr. Marshal, which he has sent away, therefore he writes somewhat in Mr. Secretary's letters. Now, if this castle were won—whereof the Regent and men of experience here make no doubt, those men being entertained after the proportion be sent—his honour will keep this country at her majesty's devotion, but the league for religion will bind the universality no less. Understands there be two "romes" of the Garter void. If he could procure for this Regent to be one of that order he thinks her majesty bestowed none better in her days to any stranger. Beseeches him to send him his opinion therein. Touches the same to the Earls of Leicester and Sussex and Mr. Secretary at this despatch. Knows Argyll is much sought by France, and therefore, seeing 200l. pension may stay him, desires to know his pleasure what he may do further therein. Wrote for a licence for him to buy four geldings in England, which he would fain he were gratified with. By Burghley's letter of the 23rd, which came to him yesterday at noon, he perceives his mind, and shall unfeignedly do his uttermost, as he has before written, and is determined to go to them to the Castle himself on the first reasonable occasion. Sure he is that none of the King's side can stay the peace for greediness, if the Castilians will deliver the house, for the Regent has so assured, whose word he has cause to trust to: he has assured him on his honour that they shall be as well assured if they will enjoy their own in Scotland as any of the rest that are come to the King's obedience. Whether Lethington has had any reasonable conditions offered him, he refers to his judgment upon reading his other letters herewith. In his letter to Lethington and Grange he may see what surety is offered if they doubt to dwell in Scotland truly. If his father were in the Castle he would desire to pleasure him no more than he has done them for the causes he alleges both of her majesty and himself, which causes are as tender to him as his life in manner. If [the Duke] d'Aumale be dead he shall not conquer England with 10,000 men, as he has heard said he undertook, and is sure he did so. Hears the Chevalier is shot through the body. He [Burghley] shall not want diligent advertisements from henceforth. If he can do nothing with the Castilians before the Marshal comes, it is thought assuredly on his summoning they will render, which God grant. The letters in cipher written by Lethington to the bishop of Glasgow have not yet come from Edinburgh by reason the party that had them to decipher was absent, but when they come he will send them. Sends him a copy of Lord Hume's letter sent to his sister, whereof there is mention made in Lethington's letter to Lady Livingstone, which he sent him before. Left the jewels with Mr. Treasurer at his coming from Berwick, and willed Beverly to carry them to Mr. Randall [Randolph], and if he has not shown them to her majesty, the cause, he thinks, is for that one of them was a little scratched lying with a diamond before they came to his hands. They would be worth the money and as much more as her majesty has sent into Scotland since his being here, which was 2500l., he is credibly informed by good lapidaries. Beseeches God grant her majesty long to enjoy them. Thinks he should have written touching the Regent's answer to the Privy Council, but is pressed that he is driven to beseech him to excuse him. Shall do his duty therein hereafter. Where he says he cannot find Lethington's answers to Huntley, it is mistaken, for he knows of no other answers than they sent Huntley's man in a scroll. Edinburgh. Signed: H. Kyllygrew.

Postscript.—Sends herewith another copy of the letter sent by Lethington to the Earl of Huntley.

5 pp. Holograph. Addressed. Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk).

Cott. Calig., C. IV., fol. 61.

Copy of the same.

597. Drury to Burghley. [March 29.]

Sends herewith such letters as he has lately received from the Regent and Mr. Killigrew, whereby he may see their opinion and desire for the hastening of her majesty's forces to enter Scotland. Has sent to the Earl of Huntingdon to hasten the men hither who are to come from him. His lordship may also see the Regent's opinion concerning Lord Livingston and Mollynes. In his opinion it were better they stayed there. By Sir Valentine Browne he will see an estimate of the charges likely to grow in this service. Sends the plat of Edinburgh Castle. Gathers by Captain Errington that the Castle side are victualled till Michaelmas. Is advertised by one that had some secret dealings with them, who heretofore has not fed them with untruths, that they have made some promise to hold the Castle till Whitsuntide, and have received promise from France in that time to be relieved. Sends some heads, whereof he prays him to procure him some resolution. Berwick. Signed: William Drury.

1²/3 pp. Holograph, also address. Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk).

598. Nicholas Errington's Report. [March.]

Was sent to the Castle on the 27th instant by the Regent and Mr. Killigrew once again to prove them. Was willed to say to them that if they would be content to take such conditions as the Earl of Huntley and the Lord of Arbrothe with all theirs had accepted, he would be a mean to the Regent and the rest of the Lords for them, which after that time in nowise would be granted to them—with divers other discourses in assuring them of the Queen's majesty's forces to be at hand, the troubles in France great, the hope they have of them vain, the dangers threatened to them as well by her majesty's forces as by their adversaries etc. He procured their answer to the ambassador [Killigrew] which was, that since their inclosing they never could get the true knowledge of the conditions of their accordment made at St. Johnston's by the Commissioners, whereby they might judge whether it might stand them in as good assurance as the others, and looked daily to have heard word from them, but it was kept from them by the Regent, and, as they thought, only for their lives and livings etc.

They desired to have the covenants of the peace in writing under his hand, and they would send answer presently. A copy of the peace was sent them, and a writing from the ambassador withal. They perused the same for the space of one hour, which they thought over short time. They returned the same with a letter to the ambassador to this effect,—that they had perused the confirmation of a great peace between the Earl of Huntleye, Lord Arbrothe, and others, which they did not mislike withal, but that it might be good and sufficient, yet as there are some hard and dark points which by speech and conference of friends work more effect, being plainly interpreted, as they doubt not but was at the meeting of both parties, than either paper or ink can make show of. Wherefore, if they would suffer the same noblemen and gentlemen who were for the King's part to speak with them for the better interpretation of the same peace, they doubted not but that it might work the like effect in them as it had done in the others. What the Regent and Mr. Killigrew will do herein, he knows not. Perceives they yet look for aid from France. Fears lest for want of conference, with some good offers by their friends, which he perceives the Regent is not willing they should have, they be driven into desperate minds rather to die than yield, and so to save their honours, which they stand not a little upon, and trust to the strength of the place, which truly is strong. They have, since his former being there, made great fortification. They have gotten much earth in the Spur without the Castle, between the butts. They have made a rampart to cross over from one side to the other at the melting-house called "the smythes forge," and by that means have cut off all the back side of the Castle that hangs towards the north-west, and placed divers pieces of ordnance there, which serveth to great purpose for them. They have cut off the fore part of the Spur, which was before of timber and boards, and now have made one high wall of lime and stone to cover them withal. Surely they leave nothing undone that they may devise for their safeguard. They told him they had saved two or three lasts of powder, looking for his [Drury's] coming, which otherwise they would have bestowed more frankly amongst their adversaries. The ambassador [Killigrew] told him he would use all the means possible to persuade the Regent to use some conference with them, although [it is] much against the Regent's will, as he perceives, for he had rather, and thinks it more for his surety to have the Castilians overcome by force, than that his friends should lose or render those livings of others which they possess. Wherefore, his simple opinion is, that it were not amiss to have or procure some secret commission to avoid all doubts which may happen by their desperate minds or the unknown strength of the place,—whereby the honour to the Queen's majesty, a quick despatch, and saving of charges might be used to them as occasion may happen in such weighty causes, as well by foreigners as others.

2¼ pp. Indorsed by Drury: "M^r Heryng[ton's] reporte off hys late beyng in Scotland, March 1573."

Cott. Calig., C. IV., fol. 65

Copy of the same.

599. Charges of a Battery against Edinburgh Castle. [March 29.]

"An estimate of the chardges of a battery to be made against Edenborrowe Castell for thexpulsion of the Kinges Rebelles there, as followethe."

[Extracts.]

One general, per diem, 40s. 30 "halberters" to attend on him at 4d. apiece, per diem, 30s. A preacher, per diem, 4s. An assistant, per diem, 2s. One secretary, per diem, 2s. One trumpeter of Berwick, "in reward," per diem, 12d. [altered to 8d., which is crossed through and noted by Burghley]. One surgeon of Berwick, in reward, 12d. [as in the last item]. Nicholas Arrington to be the Provost Marshal, and to have the principal command of the ordnance and artillery, per diem, 6s. 8d. Six tipstaves at 2d. apiece per diem, 6s. Two guides for conducting the field pieces and carriages at 12d. apiece per diem, 2s. Flemynge the master gunner, per diem, 4s. Twenty gunners of Berwick for the great ordnance, 10d. apiece per diem, 16s. 8d. Twenty of their mates, 6d. apiece per diem. 32 "serviators" to them, 10d. apiece per diem. Henry Hubberd the master miner, per diem 4s. 20 carpenters at 12d. apiece per diem, 20s. 8 smiths at the like wages. 248 pioneers and labourers at 8d. apiece per diem, 8l. 18s. 8d. 1000 footmen of a new supply, with their captains and officers, and as many of them to be left in Berwick as shall be taken thence of the old bands,—every 100 to have one captain at 4s., 1 lieutenant at 2s., one ensign bearer, one sergeant, one drummer, and one surgeon at 12d. apiece per day, and 100 soldiers at 8d. apiece per day. 80 are at Hume and "Fawcastell," divers are old and sick, and others absent by passport, so that not above 300 able men remain in Berwick. All idle persons in the town or thereabouts will be taken up for labourers etc. One Constable to have the charge of 40 light horsemen of the crew of Berwick. [Items for carriages, drivers, coat money etc.]

2¼ pp. Corrected and noted by Burghley. Indorsed.

600. Henry Killigrew to Burghley. [March 30.]

Letters come to the Regent this morning from the Earl of Huntly greatly satisfy his grace. Huntly has performed all things, and his caution is coming. Letters in cipher from the bishop of Glasgow and Lord Ogilvy. Two hostages are already come here. The Regent makes diligent labour to have all things in his promise performed. The nobility will be here to accompany him, and at the coming of the army he will call hither another band to prevent the incursions of Farnyhurst and his followers. He has determined that his soldiers shall go to the assault, although he dare not promise so much. The Regent has secretly practised to corrupt the soldiers in the Castle with the offer of 2000 crowns and their pardons if they will leave the Castle. Robert Melvin and one "Patadro" [Pitarrow], constable of the Castle, would gladly be thence. Requires to know whether he shall continue to use George Pringle, sometime servant to the Earl of Northumberland, as he does. Edinbnrgh. Signed: H. Kyllygrew.

3 pp. Holograph, also address. Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk).

601. Bishop of Galloway to John Gordon. [March 31.]

Desires to know the truth concerning a prologue which he is alleged to have set forth with a book against "Maister" George Baquhannan, and to purchase the goodwill of the Kings of France and Navarre to come home. Has purchased a conduct of the Queen of England to come that way. Never received writing from him since the taking of the first abstinence. Tungland. Signed: A. Galloway.

¾ p. Addressed. Indorsed (by Burghley's clerk).

602. Farnyhurst to the Regent Morton [March 31.] Cott. Calig., C. IV., fol. 59.

The Lord Warden of the Middle Marches of England has caused him, by the Queen of England's commandment, to write to him to require an answer to her writing directed to his grace. Desires him to let him have his favour by the bearer, for not only will he, for her cause and pleasure, profess due obedience to the King, but will also perform what other offers he has offered to her, himself, his friends, and servants having such sufficient security made to them of their lives, whole "rowmes," and livings as her majesty wills them to have. Chipches. Signed: Farnihurst.

½ p. Copy.

603. Occurrences in Scotland. [March.] Cott. Calig., C. IV., fol. 68.

There has little been done of late between the Castilians and the King's soldiers, who keep their trenches and watch now and then for a shot in the night. Those of the Castle, by report, fetch water they have won—often with blood, and not without some slaughter of the King's side. It is holden for certain that there are not within the Castle above 100 fighting men, and they overwatched and wearied with fortifying within, which they began chiefly on the first of this month, after Captain Arrington had been with them to persuade them to reason. Ever since that time they have also spared their great ordnance, unless it were three or four shot of a new trench the Regent caused to be cast on the north-west side of the Castle, which annoys them much. The Master of "Forbose" is at liberty, and all that were detained during the troubles of the Earl of Huntley restored. He has paid his soldiers, in mind to have sent them to the Prince of Orange by one Captain Edmondson, who is fallen sick, and, therefore, it is said for truth that the said Earl has broken and "cassed" his soldiers. Hears of no resistance to the authority nor any abroad taking part with the Queen of Scots but the Castle and Lord Seton. All others at least make show of obedience to the King and present Regent, who is well inclined to keep the pacification in all points. Hearing lately of a combat between a captain of the King's side and one of the Earl of Huntley's, upon some injuries done during the troubles, he [the Regent] sent messengers to stay the matter and to bring it before himself. He has shown rigour to none since he was Regent, nor executed any but one spy who was going into the Castle. He has none of the other party's lands, goods, or benefices. His grace, at the ambassador of England's request, pardoned the burgesses of Edinburgh condemned to die for faults committed during the troubles. Because divers practisers go and come out of France unknown, his grace has made a proclamation that none shall depart or enter the realm by sea without his licence or knowledge. His grace has of late taken up many quarrels between parties;—as between Sir James Balfour and the Earl of Rothes, and between Lord Lindsay and the said Earl. The matter is presently in treaty, and good hope it will take effect, which will be a great strength to the King and his Regent. By a man lately come out of Sweden it is said that there is great war betwen the Muscovites and the said King, that the Elector of Brandenburg's son is like to be King of "Pole," that the Duke of [ ] is like to make war against the King of Denmark for refusing his sister in marriage, that there be men making to go to the Duke of Alva, that the King of Denmark had 20 ships of war ready, that the Earl of Bothwell was stark mad, and had long been so. The Regent has been occupied the most part of these fifteen days, in the absence of the Lords this Easter, in hand to take order that the ministers may be well answered of their portions, wherein the collectors had committed great abuse to the enriching of themselves.

This day, being the 30th of March, the Castilians sallied at the Blockhouse, a spur towards the tower, and gave alarm to the town and trenches; upon the repair of men they shot off four cannons among them, and divers small shot, but did no harm as hitherto is known. They were repulsed incontinent by the soldiers and townsmen.

Captain Colburne never went from [ ] since he came into Scotland, and says he will not part from him [the writer] till he returns. Although this day one of the cannons made a very narrow miss of him, in sort that he took a house and durst not in two hours come out for fear, the Regent has great pleasure in him [Colburne].

2½ pp. Copy. In the margin: "March 1573."