Ancient Mansion-Houses.
Figure 26:
Part of Place House, Fowey
Of Place-house, the ancient seat of the Treffry family, in the town of Fowey,
a considerable part still remains, though the "right fair and strong embattled
tower," mentioned by Leland, and which appears from a drawing in Dr. Borlase's
manuscript collections, to have been standing in the year 1752, does not now exist.
Leland says that Thomas Treffry, "embateling all the waulls of the house, in a
manner made it a castelle, and unto this day (temp. Henry VIII.) it is the glorie
of the town building in Fowey." A pretty good idea may be formed of what this
house was in the time of King Henry VIII., from the representation of the town
of Fowey, in the chart of the southern coast above-noticed (fn. 1) , where the tower
noticed by Leland appears.
On the south side a bow-window still remains, very richly ornamented with
Gothic tracery. The hall, which has a flat ceiling of oak, richly ornamented, appears, from a date under a coat of arms, to have been fitted up in the year 1575;
long since which period, the greater part of this building has been much altered
internally.
A square embattled tower is all that remains of an ancient castellated mansion,
in the parish of Breage, called Pengersick castle, which does not appear to be of
higher antiquity than the reign of King Henry VIII., when it was the seat of the
family of Militon. An upper apartment in this tower was ornamented with a
great variety of paintings round the upper part of the oak wainscot, with proverbs and verses to illustrate them; these are at present much decayed. About
the middle of the last century, when this building was visited by Dr. Borlase,
they appear to have been pretty well preserved; and as they serve to shew the
style of decoration then in use, we shall insert in a note the Doctor's description of
them from his manuscript collections above-mentioned. (fn. 2)
The following may serve as a specimen of the proverbs and verses. In the
compartment where is represented the blind man with the lame on his back:—
"The one nedith of the other ys helpe."
"The lame wyche lacketh for to goo
Is borne upon the blinde is back,
So mutually betwien theme twoo
The one supplieth the others lack:
The blinde to laime doth lend his might,
The layme to blynde doth yeld his fight."
Figure 27:
Cothele House court, from the gateway
Cothele-house, the ancient seat of the Edgcumbe family, situated on the west
bank of the river Tamar, in the parish of Calstock, is, externally, nearly in the
same state as when it was erected by Sir Richard Edgcumbe, in the reign of King
Henry the Seventh, and exhibits a curious specimen of the mansion-house of that
time: the style of its architecture will be seen by the annexed view, which shews
the court, having on the north side the hall, 22 feet by 42, in the windows of
which are many coats of arms of the Edgcumbe family and their alliances, in
painted glass (fn. 3) ; on the west side is the chapel, in the east window of which are
some remains of painted glass.
There are considerable remains of Rialton-house, in the parish of St. ColumbMinor, one of the houses of the prior of Bodmin, and built by Thomas Vivian, the
last prior, whose monument is noticed at p. ccxxxvi. Part of these remains has
been converted into a farm-house; in a chamber of which, still called the Prior's
Chamber, is a coat of arms, — Az. three fishes Arg., in one of the windows,
with the initials T.V. Over a door-way with a pointed arch, in the ruined part
of the house, in one of the spandrils, is a shield charged with a cross-florée and
crown, with this inscription, "Edgarus." In the other, a shield charged with a
sword and crown, with a bugle-horn across; a stag on one side, and a dog on the
other, with this inscription, "S. Petroc, T.V." The upper part of a larger arch,
which now stands alone, and appears to have been the principal entrance, is ornamented with shields and inscriptions, very neatly carved: over the arch, in large
letters, is the name of the house "Rialtoun." On one spandril, the arms of Engand, supported by angels; in the other, a shield charged with three fishes, supported
by angels; over which, on a scroll, is this motto, "Sit laus Deo:" over the arch is
also this inscription, "T.V. Prior hoc fecit." There is a well in the court adjoining the house, with a small stone building over it, at one end of which is a niche
with a pedestal for an image.
Part of the castellated mansion at Trelawny, erected by Lord Bonville, in the
reign of King Henry VI., still remains on the eastern side of Trelawny-house, in
the parish of Pelynt, now the seat of the Rev. Sir Harry Trelawny, Bart. Of Trecarrell, the ancient seat of the family of that name, in the parish of Lezant, the
old hall and chapel still remain; as does the old hall at Benallack, in the parish
of Constantine, formerly the seat of á family of that name. Some parts of the
ancient mansion at Golden in Probus, the seat of the Wolvedons alias Goldens,
and afterwards of the Tregians, consisting chiefly of the chapel and a gateway, still
exist, in a dilapidated state.
The ancient building in the town of Lostwithiel, supposed to have been a palace
of the Earls of Cornwall, which was unroofed, and in a dilapidated state in the
year 1734, when Buck's view of it was taken, part of which is now used as the
Stannary prison, was erected by Edmund Earl of Cornwall, for his exchequer, &c.;
and it is doubtful whether there ever was a palace or mansion-house attached to it. (fn. 4)
The sites of Cardinham, Boscastle, and several other castellated mansions, are to
be traced in the ditches of their moats, or other earth-works still remaining.