Bushley (St. Peter)
BUSHLEY (St. Peter), a parish, in the union of
Upton-upon-Severn, Lower division of the hundred of
Pershore, Upton and W. divisions of the county of
Worcester, 1½ mile (N. W.) from Tewkesbury; containing 334 inhabitants. The parish is situated on the
river Severn, by which it is bounded on the east, and
which, on the opposite bank, receives the waters of the
Avon, a little above Tewkesbury, in the county of Gloucester. It comprises 1681 acres, more than two-thirds
of which consist of pasture and orchards; the lands are
well-wooded, and the soil fertile. The village lies a
little to the north of the Tewkesbury and Ledbury road.
The living is a perpetual curacy; net income, £58;
patron and impropriator, J. E. Dowdeswell, Esq. The
present church, consecrated in June, 1843, stands on
rising ground, and is a handsome edifice of cruciform
design, with a spire: the walls are built of blue stone
procured in the parish; the ornamental parts are of freestone. A small school is supported by the Dowdeswell
family.
Buslingthorpe
BUSLINGTHORPE, a parish, in the union of
Caistor, wapentake of Lawress, parts of Lindsey,
county of Lincoln, 4 miles (S. W. by S.) from MarketRasen; containing 50 inhabitants. The living is a discharged rectory, valued in the king's books at £2, and
in the patronage of the Governors of the Charter-house,
London: the tithes have been commuted for £235.
Bustabeck
BUSTABECK, a township, in the parish of CastleSowerby, union of Penrith, Leith ward, E. division
of Cumberland, 4½ miles (N. E.) from Hesket-Newmarket; containing 249 inhabitants.
Buston, High
BUSTON, HIGH, a township, in the parish of
Warkworth, union of Alnwick, E. division of Coquetdale ward, N. division of Northumberland, 4¾
miles (S. E.) from Alnwick; containing 100 inhabitants.
It is bounded on the east by the German Ocean, and
comprises 690 acres. Of the soil, which is rich, twothirds are arable, and the remainder pasture; the surface
is undulated, and an excellent beach affords every
facility for bathing. The tithes have been commuted
for £78. 8. payable to the Bishop of Carlisle, and
£23. 16. to the vicar of the parish.
Buston, Low
BUSTON, LOW, a township, in the parish of
Warkworth, union of Alnwick, E. division of Coquetdale ward, N. division of Northumberland,
5 miles (S. E. by S.) from Alnwick; containing 115 inhabitants. It is situated north of the river Coquet, and
at some little distance to the east is the North Sea.
The tithes have been commuted for £143. 18. payable to
the Bishop of Carlisle, and £71. 4. to the vicar.
Butcombe (St. Michael,)
BUTCOMBE (St. Michael,) a parish, in the union
of Axbridge, hundred of Hartcliffe with Bedminster, E. division of Somerset, 9 miles (S. S. W.) from
Bristol; containing 256 inhabitants. It abounds in
ironstone, which is sent to Bristol, and there shipped
to Wales. The living is a discharged rectory, valued in
the king's books at £6. 17. 10.; patron and incumbent,
Rev. George John Sayce: the tithes have been commuted for £210, and the glebe consists of 5 acres. The
church is a very old structure. A singular barrow, 150
feet in length from north to south, and 75 in breadth
from east to west, was opened in 1788, and exhibited
an entire specimen of a well-arranged family vault, in
which were found skulls and other fragments of human
bones.
Buteland, with Broomhope
BUTELAND, with Broomhope, a township, in the
parochial chapelry of Birtley, union of Bellingham,
N. E. division of Tindale ward, S. division of Northumberland, 2½ miles (E. by S.) from Bellingham;
containing 145 inhabitants. The North Tyne river flows
at a short distance from the hamlet on the west. An
extensive farm here belongs to Greenwich Hospital.
Butleigh (St. Leonard)
BUTLEIGH (St. Leonard), a parish, in the union
of Wells, hundred of Whitley, W. division of Somerset, 4½ miles (S. S. E.) from Glastonbury; containing,
with the hamlet of Wooton-Butleigh, 872 inhabitants.
The manor belonged to the abbots of Glastonbury, who
had a park here. The parish is bounded on the northeast by the river Brue, and comprises by measurement
4670 acres: blue lias, which is used for paving and for
building purposes, is quarried to a considerable extent.
The living is a vicarage, with the living of Baltonsborough annexed, valued in the king's books at
£12. 6. 8.; net income, £380; patron, the Hon. and
Rev. G. Neville Grenville; impropriators, C. Neville
Grenville, Esq., and the Saunders family. The church
is a handsome structure in the decorated English style,
with a central tower, and contains monuments to the
Right Hon. James Grenville, to James Grenville, Baron
Glastonbury, to General Richard Grenville, Sir Samuel
Hood, Capt. Alexander Hood, and several lords of the
manor. Admirals Viscounts Hood and Bridport were
natives of the parish. There is a chalybeate spring, but
in disuse.
Butley
BUTLEY, a township, in the parish of Prestbury,
union and hundred of Macclesfield, N. division of
the county of Chester, 2¾ miles (N. by W.) from Macclesfield; containing 602 inhabitants. At the time of the
Norman survey, this place, then the property of Ulluric,
a Saxon free-man, was exempted, and is consequently
unnoticed in Domesday book; a mark of clemency which
the owner probably acquired by some signal service to
the Conqueror. The township comprises 1470 acres of
land, the soil of which is clay and sand. The manufacture of silk is carried on to some extent. There is a
place of worship for Wesleyans, with a school attached.
Some tumuli were discovered in the vicinity a few
years since. This is the birthplace of Thomas Newton,
a distinguished writer in the sixteenth century.
Butley (St. John the Baptist)
BUTLEY (St. John the Baptist), a parish, in the
union of Plomesgate, partly in the hundred of Plomesgate, but chiefly in that of Loes, E. division of Suffolk, 7¼ miles (E. by N.) from Woodbridge; containing
364 inhabitants. It is bounded on the east by a branch
of the river Ore, called Butley Creek or Eye, over which
are two ferries to Orford. The living is a perpetual
curacy, with the living of Capel; net income, £135;
patrons and impropriators, the Trustees of P. Thellusson, Esq. A priory of Black canons, dedicated to the
Blessed Virgin, was founded in 1171, by Ranulph de
Glanvill, a celebrated lawyer, and afterwards justiciary
of England: the revenue, at the Dissolution, was
£318. 17. 2. There are only some trifling remains of
the buildings of the priory, but the gate-house is still in
good preservation.
Butsfield
BUTSFIELD, a township, in the parish and union
of Lanchester, W. division of Chester ward, N. division of the county of Durham, 11 miles (W. by N.)
from Durham; containing 252 inhabitants. Two Roman
aqueducts, for supplying the station at Lanchester, may
be traced in the neighbourhood, particularly in the
grounds belonging to Thomas White, Esq., who, on the
inclosure of the common lands in 1773, purchased a
part which was sold to defray the expense incurred in
carrying the act of parliament into effect, and out of a
barren waste succeeded in raising, in the course of a
few years, the thriving and well-planted estate of Woodlands. Mr. White also built a good mansion-house,
laid out pleasure-grounds and gardens, and made the
neglected waters of the aqueducts supply his fishponds and reservoirs.
Butter-Bump
BUTTER-BUMP, a hamlet, in the parish of Willoughby, union of Spilsby, Wold division of the hundred of Calceworth, parts of Lindsey, county of
Lincoln; containing 3 inhabitants.
Butter-Crambe
BUTTER-CRAMBE, a chapelry, in the parish of
Bossall, union of York, wapentake of Bulmer, N. riding of the county of York, 9½ miles (N. E. by E.) from
York. The chapelry comprises by computation 1500
acres, of which the soil is very productive, and the
scenery pleasing and picturesque. The village is situated
on the western bank of the navigable river Derwent,
which is crossed by a stone bridge; and in the vicinity
is Aldby Park, originally the site of a Roman station,
and subsequently that of a royal Saxon ville, the summer
retreat of Edwin the Great, where that prince was assaulted by an assassin whom Quichelm, King of the West
Saxons, one of Edwin's secret enemies, had suborned to
murder him. The chapel is a small plain edifice. In the
park, and on the banks of the Derwent, are still vestiges
of the Saxon ville; and those of an old castle erected
on an eminence, were visible in Camden's time.
Butterlaw
BUTTERLAW, a township, in the parish of Newburn, union and W. division of Castle ward, S. division of Northumberland, 5¼ miles (N. W. by W.)
from Newcastle; containing 16 inhabitants. It comprises about 240 acres, and is the property of the Duke
of Northumberland.
Butterleigh
BUTTERLEIGH, a parish, in the union of Tiverton, forming a detached portion of the hundred of
Cliston, locally in the hundred of Hayridge, Cullompton and S. divisions of Devon, 3¼ miles (S. E.
by S.) from Tiverton; containing 155 inhabitants. It
is situated on the old road from Tiverton to Exeter, and
comprises about 450 acres by computation. The living
is a discharged rectory, valued in the king's books
at £10. 8. 8., and in the gift of the Crown: the
tithes have been commuted for £85 per annum, and
the glebe comprises 69 acres of land. The church is a
substantial edifice.
Butterley
BUTTERLEY, a hamlet, in the township of Ripley,
parish of Pentrich, union of Belper, hundred of Morleston and Litchurch, S. division of the county of
Derby, 3 miles (S.) from Alfreton. This hamlet lies at
the north-east extremity of the township, and on the
Alfreton and Derby road. Here are extensive ironworks, belonging to a company formed in 1792, and
producing all the heavier articles in cast-iron, and machinery of various kinds: the ore and coal are conveyed
to the spot by railways, and by the Cromford canal,
which, by means of a tunnel, 2966 yards in length,
passes under the works. In the neighbourhood is a
reservoir covering 70 acres, for supplying the Nottingham canal. Butterley Hall is a handsome mansion,
three-quarters of a mile from Ripley.
Buttermere
BUTTERMERE, a chapelry, in the parish of Brigham, union of Cockermouth, Allerdale ward above
Derwent, W. division of Cumberland, 8½ miles (S. W.
by W.) from Keswick; containing 84 inhabitants. The
village lies in a deep winding valley environed by high
rocky mountains, between the lake of Buttermere, noted
for its char, and Crummock water, and in a district
celebrated for picturesque and romantic beauty. Mines
of lead and copper were formerly worked in the mountains; and many labourers are still occupied in the extensive quarries of fine blue slate in Honister Crag. The
living is a perpetual curacy; net income, £56; patron
and impropriator, the Earl of Lonsdale. The chapel is a
neat edifice, of modern construction.
Buttermere (St. James)
BUTTERMERE (St. James), a parish, in the union
of Hungerford, hundred of Kinwardstone, Everley
and Pewsey, and S. divisions of Wilts, 5¼ miles (S.)
from Hungerford; containing 130 inhabitants. The
living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £10,
and in the patronage of the Bishop of Winchester: the
tithes have been commuted for £298. 10.
Buttershaw.—See Wibsey.
BUTTERSHAW.—See Wibsey.
Butterton
BUTTERTON, an ecclesiastical district, partly in the
parishes of Swinnerton and Trentham, union of
Stone, and partly in the parish and union of StokeUpon-Trent, N. division of the hundred of Pirehill
and of the county of Stafford, 2½ miles (S. by W.)
from Newcastle-under-Lyme; containing about 300 inhabitants, of whom 56 are in Butterton township. This
district lies on the road from Drayton to Newcastle;
the surface is undulated, and the scenery picturesque,
the land being well wooded. The living is a perpetual
curacy, in the patronage of the Owners of the Butterton estate: the income is derived from 22 acres of land,
and other sources. The church, a cruciform edifice in
the Norman style, with a Flemish tower, was built in
1844, at an expense of £2200, entirely obtained from
the Butterton estate. A national school is supported by
the family.
Butterton
BUTTERTON, a chapelry, in the parish of Mayfield, S. division of the hundred of Totmonslow, N.
division of the county of Stafford, 7 miles (E.) from
Leek; containing 388 inhabitants. The river Manifold
runs through the district, which comprises by computation 1300 acres: limestone is quarried, and a small
quantity of gritstone; and a lead-mine is in operation.
Portions of copper-ore, stalactites, fossil shells, and an
ore called by the miners "brown end," convertible into
zinc, are found; and there is a mineral spring strongly
impregnated with sulphur. The living is a perpetual
curacy; net income, £90; patron, the Vicar of Mayfield: impropriator, the Duke of Devonshire. The
chapel, a neat stone edifice with a tower, was built in
1780. William Mellor, in 1754, bequeathed property
now producing £16 a year, for which children are taught
to read.
Butterwick
BUTTERWICK, a township, in the parish and union
of Sedgefield, N. E. division of Stockton ward, S.
division of the county of Durham, 11 miles (S. E.) from
Durham; containing 51 inhabitants. This place formerly belonged to the see of Durham, and in the 13th
century was granted by Bishop Nicholson, under the
designation of Buterwyk, to the family of Sadberge;
from them the estate passed to the Hotons, and among
subsequent owners occur the families of Belasyse, Yong,
Baynbrigg, and Salvin. The chantry of St. Katherine
in the church of Sedgefield, also had land here, which
was attached to it at the period of the Dissolution. The
township comprises 1495 acres. The tithes have been
commuted for £113. 11. 8.
Butterwick (St. Andrew)
BUTTERWICK (St. Andrew), a parish, in the
union of Boston, wapentake of Skirbeck, parts of
Holland, county of Lincoln, 1 mile (N. N. E.) from
Bennington; containing 579 inhabitants. It is situated
on the road between Boston and Wainfleet, and comprises 1766a. 26p. The living is a discharged vicarage,
united in 1751 to that of Frieston, and valued in the
king's books at £8. 4. 2.: the tithes have been commuted for land. There is a place of worship for Wesleyans. A grammar shool was endowed in 1665, by the
Rev. Joshua Pinchbeck, with the rent of 130 acres of
land, now valued at £280 per annum; besides which,
there are various minor sums for the poor.
Butterwick
BUTTERWICK, a chapelry, in the parish of Foxholes, union of Driffield. wapentake of Dickering,
E. riding of York, 10½ miles (N. by W.) from Great
Driffield; containing 100 inhabitants. It comprises
about 1645 acres, of which 1470 are arable, 95 grass,
and 80 plantation: the village, which is neat, is situated
on the banks of a small rivulet. The living is a perpetual curacy; net income, £47; patron, the Rector of
Foxholes. The tithes were commuted for land in 1771.
In the church, which is a small ancient edifice, is a Knight
Templar's monument at full length.
Butterwick
BUTTERWICK, a township, in the parish of Barton-le-Street, union of Malton, wapentake of Ryedale, N. riding of York, 6 miles (N. W.) from Malton;
containing 64 inhabitants. It is situated on the river
Rye, and comprises about 500 acres of land. The tithes
have been commuted for £150, and there is a glebe of
8 acres.
Butterwick, East
BUTTERWICK, EAST, a township, in the parishes
of Bottesford and Messingham, union of Glandford-Brigg, E. division of the wapentake of Manley,
parts of Lindsey, county of Lincoln, 10¾ miles (W.)
from Glandford-Brigg; containing 378 inhabitants. It
comprises 604 acres; 263 acres are common or waste.
The Bottesford beck and another large drain merge into
the Trent at this place, and there is a ferry to West
Butterwick. The village is seated on the east bank
of the river. There is a place of worship for Wesleyans.
Butterwick, West
BUTTERWICK, WEST, a chapelry district, in the
parish of Owston, union of Gainsborough, W. division of the wapentake of Manley, parts of Lindsey,
county of Lincoln, 4½ miles (E. N. E.) from Epworth;
containing, with the hamlet of Kelfield, 865 inhabitants.
The living is a perpetual curacy; net income, £80;
patron, the Vicar of Owston. The chapel is dedicated
to St. Mary, and is a handsome edifice; the east windows contain ten coats of arms, executed in stained
glass, of those persons by whose benevolence it was
built, among whom were the Archbishop of York, the
Bishop of Lincoln, the Archdeacon of Stow, and Sir
Robert Sheffield. There is a place of worship for Wesleyans.
Butterworth
BUTTERWORTH, a township, in the parish and
union of Rochdale, hundred of Salford, S. division
of the county of Lancaster, 2 miles (E. by S.) from
Rochdale; containing 5088 inhabitants. The first lord
of Butterworth upon record is Reginald de Bot'worth,
who built the original mansion, called Butterworth Hall,
in the reign of Stephen or Henry II. In Edward I.'s
reign, Sir Baldwin Teutonicus or de Tyas, a knight of
St. John of Jerusalem, and private secretary to John of
Gaunt, granted all his lands in the township to Sir
Robert de Holland in free marriage with his daughter
Joan, who, surviving her husband, married, secondly,
Sir John de Byron. The Ellands, however, as lords of
Rochdale, claimed a superiority in the manor; but by
an inquisition taken in the reign of Charles II., it was
found that there was no manor at all. The Butterworth
family resided here for several centuries. The township
comprises 3752 acres, mostly pasture and moorland;
1752 are in the Freehold Side, and 2000 in the Lordship Side. Coal-mines and stone-quarries are in operation; the former are numerous, and, with bleach and
calico works, afford extensive employment to the population. The Leeds and Liverpool canal, and the Manchester and Leeds railway, pass through the township.—
See Milnrow.