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Habberley (St. Mary)
HABBERLEY (St. Mary), a parish, in the union of
Atcham, hundred of Ford, S. division of Salop, 9
miles (S. W.) from Shrewsbury; containing 125 inhabitants. It comprises about 900 acres, distributed into
five farms. The soil is generally of a clayey nature, and
of great fertility; the surface is rather flat, though
relieved with occasional hills, and is watered by a small
rivulet, and by numerous excellent springs. The living
is a discharged rectory, valued in the king's books at
£4. 0. 2½., and in the patronage of the Heirs of the late
John Mytton, Esq.: the tithes have been commuted for
£126, and the glebe comprises 20 acres.
Habberley-Office
HABBERLEY-OFFICE, a township, in the parish of
Worthen, hundred of Chirbury, S. division of the
county of Salop; containing 313 inhabitants.
Habergham-Eaves
HABERGHAM-EAVES, a township, in the parochial chapelry and poor-law union of Burnley, parish
of Whalley, N. division of the hundred of Blackburn
and of the county of Lancaster; including part of the
town of Burnley, and containing 8526 inhabitants. As
early as the year 1201, Habergham gave name to a local
family, of whom the last male heir, born in 1650, married
the daughter of Nicholas Townley, of Royle, and died
without issue, when the estate came, by the foreclosure
of a mortgage, to the family of Halsted. This important
manufacturing township comprises 2396 acres of land,
chiefly pasture; the scenery is mountainous, and the soil
for the most part a stiff clay. The lower lands are
watered by the river Calder, and the township is intersected by the Leeds and Liverpool canal, the roads
to Blackburn and to Bury, and the East Lancashire
railway. It has extensive and valuable coal-mines,
numerous cotton-mills, and some large print-works:
here, also, are barracks for cavalry and infantry, capable
of accommodating 500 men, besides officers. Townley
Hall, the seat of the ancient family of Townley, originally stood on a lofty knoll, southward of the present
mansion; when this elevated situation was abandoned
is not known, but the existing structure may lay claim
to high antiquity. It is a large and venerable building
with two deep wings and two towers, embattled, and
supported at the angles by strong projecting buttresses;
and is seated in the centre of a well-wooded park.
A district church, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, and
containing 1090 sittings, was erected in 1835, by Her
Majesty's Commissioners, at a cost of £3000: it was
originally a very plain edifice, but was greatly improved
in 1845–6, when a new pulpit and reading-desk were
put up, and numerous embellishments added to the
timber-roof and other parts of the building, at a cost of
£500, defrayed by the inhabitants. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the patronage of the Hulme Trustees,
who must present a graduate of Brasenose College,
Oxford; net income, £150, with a commodious glebehouse. The ecclesiastical district or parish of All Saints,
Habergham, was formed in 1845, under the act 6th and
7th Victoria, c. 37, and consists of part of this township,
with adjacent portions of other townships: the living is
a perpetual curacy, in the gift of the Crown and the
Bishop of Chester, alternately; net income, £150. The
church is situated near the village of Cheapside, and is
in the early decorated style; it was built by subscription, and cost about £4000: the first stone was laid by
J. P. Kay Shuttleworth, Esq., assisted by James Dugdale,
Esq., on new-year's day, 1847. Another portion of
Habergham-Eaves has been formed, under the same act,
into the district of St. Paul, Lane-Bridge, which see.
There are some places of worship for dissenters. Charles
Townley, Esq., the distinguished virtuoso and collector
of marbles, who died in 1805, was of the family connected with this place.
Habertoft.—See Abbertoft.
HABERTOFT.—See Abbertoft.
Habrough (St. Margaret)
HABROUGH (St. Margaret), a parish, in the union
of Caistor, E. division of the wapentake of Yarborough, parts of Lindsey, county of Lincoln, 4
miles (N. N. E.) from Limber; containing 334 inhabitants. This parish, which formed part of the endowment
of the abbey of Newsham, comprises by measurement
2500 acres. The living is a discharged vicarage, united
in 1740 to that of Killingholme, and valued in the king's
books at £8. At the inclosure in 1810, an allotment of
land was made in lieu of tithes; the land comprises 180
acres, valued at £144 per annum. The church is an
ancient edifice. There are places of worship for Wesleyans and Primitive Methodists.
Habton, Great
HABTON, GREAT, a township, in the parish of
Kirkby-Misperton, union of Malton, Pickering
lythe, N. riding of York, 5¼ miles (N. W. by N.) from
Malton; containing 156 inhabitants. It is situated north
of the river Rye, and comprises about 990 acres of land.
There is a place of worship for Wesleyans.
Habton, Little
HABTON, LITTLE, a township, in the parish of
Kirkby-Misperton, union of Malton, Pickering
lythe, N. riding of York, 5 miles (N. W. by N.) from
Malton; containing 57 inhabitants. It is situated at
the confluence of the rivers Seven and Rye, and comprises by computation 490 acres. The tithes have been
commuted for £10. 1. 6.
Haccombe (St. Blaize)
HACCOMBE (St. Blaize), a parish, in the union
of Newton-Abbott, hundred of Wonford, Teinbridge
and S. divisions of Devon, 3 miles (E. S. E.) from
Newton-Abbott; containing 14 inhabitants. The living
is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £25; net
income, £253; patron, Sir W. P. Carew, Bart. The
church was formerly collegiate, being endowed with the
great tithes of Haccombe and Quethiock (in Cornwall)
for the support of an arch-priest and five inferior priests.
It contains some curious screen-work, and a pulpit and
communion-table carved in stone, also a painting of the
Descent from the Cross, and some ancient monuments of
exquisite beauty to the Haccombe family and others;
the windows are of coloured glass, representing the Ascension and other scriptural subjects.
Hacconby (St. Andrew)
HACCONBY (St. Andrew), a parish, in the union
of Bourne, wapentake of Aveland, parts of Kesteven,
county of Lincoln, 3½ miles (N. by E.) from Bourne;
containing, with the hamlet of Stenfield, 406 inhabitants.
It comprises 3500 acres of land, and has a neat and
pleasant village. The living is a discharged vicarage,
united in 1732 to the vicarage of Morton, and valued in
the king's books at £5. 17. 6. The church has portions
in the early English style, with insertions in the decorated and later English. Here is a school with a small
endowment; and about £5 are annually distributed
among the poor.
Haceby
HACEBY, a parish, in the union of Grantham,
wapentake of Aveland, parts of Kesteven, county of
Lincoln, 8¼ miles (E.) from Grantham; containing 64
inhabitants. It comprises 730 acres of land. The living
is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £5. 2. 11.,
and in the gift of Sir W. E. Welby, Bart.: the tithes
have been commuted for £139, and the glebe comprises
58 acres. The church is a small neat edifice, with a
tower at the west end. £7 per annum, arising from a
bequest by Lady C. Fox in 1786, are distributed among
the poor. On the north side of the village were discovered in 1818, very considerable Roman antiquities,
consisting of tessellated pavements and the foundation
walls of a bath and other buildings.
Hacheston (All Saints)
HACHESTON (All Saints), a parish, in the union
of Plomesgate, hundred of Loes, E. division of Suffolk, 6 miles (N. N. E.) from Woodbridge; containing,
with the hamlet of Glevering, 518 inhabitants, and comprising by computation 1726 acres. Glevering Hall is
a handsome mansion pleasantly situated. A fair is held
on the 2nd and 3rd of November, The living is a discharged vicarage, consolidated with that of Parham, and
valued in the king's books at £6. 1. 10.: the impropriate
tithes have been commuted for £278, and the vicarial
for £169; the glebe contains 3 acres. The church is
partly in the early and partly in the decorated style,
with a tower; the font is of Caen stone, beautifully
sculptured, and the entrance into the church on the north
is through a Norman doorway: a fine-toned organ was
erected in 1841. Roman pottery has been found at
different times.
Hackenthorpe
HACKENTHORPE, a hamlet, in the parish of
Beighton, union of Rotherham, hundred of Scarsdale, N. division of the county of Derby, 5 miles (S. E.)
from Sheffield. This place is seated in a district abounding with finely varied scenery; the inhabitants are
chiefly employed in the manufacture of sickles and reaping-hooks, which is carried on to a very considerable
extent. The Berley spa, a mineral spring of great power,
is situated here: an open elliptical building formerly
erected has been formed into extensive accommodations
for hot and cold bathing; the water is a strong chalybeate, very successful in rheumatic complaints. There
is a place of worship for Wesleyans.
Hackensall, with Presall.—See Presall.
HACKENSALL, with Presall.—See Presall.
Hackford (All Saints)
HACKFORD (All Saints), a parish, in the union
of Aylsham, hundred of Eynsford, E. division of Norfolk; comprising the principal part of the town of
Reepham, and containing 694 inhabitants. It consists of
815a. 3r. 12p., of which upwards of 620 acres are arable,
166 pasture, and 21 woodland; the surface is undulated,
and the scenery in some parts picturesque. The living
is a discharged rectory, with the vicarage of Whitwell
united, valued in the king's books at £14. 10. 5.: net
income, £328; patron, James Hunt Holley, Esq. The
church, which was situated in the same churchyard as
the churches of Reepham St. Mary and Whitwell, was
destroyed by fire in 1600; the tower was taken down in
1790, but part of the west gable still remains. The inhabitants attend the church of Whitwell, now used for
both parishes.
Hackford (St. Mary)
HACKFORD (St. Mary), a parish, in the hundred
of Forehoe, E. division of Norfolk, 4 miles (W. by N.)
from Wymondham; containing 264 inhabitants. It is
situated on the road from Norwich to Hingham, and
comprises 754 acres, of which 617 are arable, and 118
pasture and meadow. The living is a discharged rectory, valued in the king's books at £4. 15. 10., and in
the patronage of T. T. Gurdon, Esq.: the tithes have
been commuted for £213, and the glebe contains about
24 acres. The church, which was lately thoroughly repaired, is an exceedingly neat edifice; and contains, on
the south side of the chancel, a piscina, discovered in
1840, and in the south porch, a stoup of elegant design:
the font, also, is handsome.
Hackforth
HACKFORTH, a township, in the parish of Hornby,
union of Bedale, wapentake of Hang-East, N. riding
of York, 3¾ miles (S.) from Catterick; containing 140
inhabitants. This township, which comprises about
1000 acres, is situated on the Leeming-Lane, and is the
property and manor of the Duke of Leeds: the village is
on the eastern verge of Hornby Park.
Hackington (St. Stephen)
HACKINGTON (St. Stephen), a parish, in the
union of Blean, hundred of Westgate, lathe of St.
Augustine, E. division of Kent, 1 mile (N.) from Canterbury; containing 506 inhabitants. A portion of the
parish is within the municipal boundaries of Canterbury,
and the whole comprises 1984 acres, of which 542 are in
wood. The living is a vicarage, endowed with the rectorial tithes, valued in the king's books at £5. 2. 3½.,
and in the gift of the Archdeacon of Canterbury: the
tithes have been commuted for £620, and the glebe
contains 2r. 11p. The church has been greatly improved,
and a window of painted glass put up, by the Rev. John
White, the incumbent: it contains a handsome monument to the memory of Sir Roger Manwood, who in
1592 gave the great tithes to the vicar, and endowed six
tenements for aged people. In the churchyard, in
1187, Archbishop Baldwin began a chapel in honour of
St. Stephen and St. Thomas of Canterbury, wherein he
proposed to found a noble college for 40 secular priests,
the king and all the suffragan bishops to have a prebend,
each worth 40 marks a year; but the year after he had
settled some canons at the place, the pope, at the instance
of the monks at Christ Church, ordered the chapel to be
levelled with the ground. The bishop erected a chapel
in honour of St. Thomas à Becket at the foot of St.
Thomas' hill.
Hacklestone, or Haxon
HACKLESTONE, or Haxon, a tything, in the
parish of Fittleton, hundred of Elstub and Everley,
Everley and Pewsey, and S. divisions of Wilts, 8¼ miles
(W. by S.) from Ludgershall; containing 161 inhabitants. It is bounded by the river Avon, which, flowing
southward, falls into Christchurch bay, in the county of
Southampton. The General and Particular Baptists
have each a place of worship.
Hackleton
HACKLETON, a hamlet, in the parish of Piddington, union of Hardingstone, hundred of Wymmersley, S. division of the county of Northampton, 5½
miles (S. E.) from Northampton; containing 436 inhabitants. It consists of about 1028 acres, and is situated
on the road from Northampton to Newport-Pagnell.
The Particular Baptists have a place of worship here.
Hackness (St. Peter)
HACKNESS (St. Peter), a parish, in the union of
Scarborough, liberty of Whitby-Strand, N. riding
of York; containing, with the townships of Broxa, and
Suffield with Everley, and the chapelry of HarwoodDale with Silpho, 714 inhabitants, of whom 182 are in
the township of Hackness, 6 miles (W. by N.) from
Scarborough. The parish comprises 11,892 acres, of
which 3001 are arable, 2639 grass, 1488 wood, and 4764
moor and waste. The township of Hackness contains
646 acres, whereof 230 are arable, 248 pasture, 75 wood,
and 93 waste or moor. The village is romantically situated in a delightful vale, from which several other vales
run in different directions across the country: the hills
that inclose the valley are from 100 to 120 yards in
perpendicular height, and their steep acclivities are
profusely adorned with lofty trees of the richest foliage.
Springs of water rushing in cascades from the sides of
the hills, or falling with gentle murmurs, contribute to
the beauty of the scenery; and the river Derwent, which
has its source in the mountainous country to the north,
glides past the village. Excellent freestone is quarried, of
which Christ-Church and the museum at Scarborough are
built. A fair for cattle is held in July. Hackness Hall
is a splendid mansion, surrounded with fine gardens and
pleasure-grounds planned with exquisite taste. The living
is a perpetual curacy, with the chapelry of Harwood-Dale
annexed, in the patronage of Sir J. V. B. Johnstone,
Bart.; net income of Hackness, £53. The church is a
very ancient structure, with a tower surmounted by a
spire; the chancel is considered to be of the time of
Henry VII., but the nave is of much earlier date: it
contains two fine monuments by Chantrey, one of them
to the late Mrs. Johnstone. Here was a cell, belonging
to Whitby Abbey, which at the Dissolution contained
four monks of the Benedictine order.
Hackney
HACKNEY, a parish, forming a union with StokeNewington, in the Tower division of the hundred of
Ossulstone, county of Middlesex, 2 miles (N. E.)
from London; comprising four districts, viz., Hackney
St. John, containing, with Lower Clapton, 14,634 inhabitants; South Hackney, 6889; West Hackney, 11,108;
and Stamford-Hill, with Upper Clapton, 5140; making
in the whole 37,771 persons. This place is almost united
to the metropolis by successive ranges of building, many
of which are of respectable appearance. It was among
the earliest of the adjacent villages inhabited by the more
opulent merchants of London; and from its having been
the first of those retreats provided with regular conveyances to the city, it is erroneously supposed to have
given name to the coaches which ply in the streets of the
metropolis, and in the principal towns in the kingdom.
Among the various mansions of distinguished persons
who anciently lived here, are, Brook House at Clapton,
the residence of Lord Brook, now converted into an
asylum for lunatics; and the palace of the prior of the
Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, in Well-street, at
present let out in tenements to poor families. To the
south of Lea bridge are mills once belonging to the
Knights Templars, and subsequently to the Hospitallers
of St. John; they have been since employed for preparing sheet-lead, but are now unoccupied.
The parish is lighted with gas, and amply supplied
with water: the houses are irregularly built; many of
them in detached situations are handsome. On the site
of an ancient building in the old churchyard, used as a
school-house, a spacious edifice has been erected, and
gradually enlarged, containing commodious apartments
for the meetings of members of different local trusts,
and for other purposes of parochial business. The environs are in many directions pleasant; and there are
several nursery-grounds, of which those belonging to
Messrs. Loddige and Sons are noted for a great variety
of scarce and curious exotic plants. A considerable
quantity of land in the neighbourhood is cultivated by
market-gardeners for the supply of the London market,
and a much larger portion is appropriated to the pasturage of cattle. The old bridge over the river Lea was
taken down in 1820, and a good iron bridge of one arch
erected at an expense of £4500. A silk manufactory
at Hackney-Wick was discontinued a few years since;
and the adjoining dwelling-house, which is a handsome
building, has since been commodiously fitted up in a
superior style for the reception of insane persons. The
principal branches of manufacture at present carried on
are the making of optical glasses of every description,
the preparation of colours, dyeing, calico-printing, and
calendering: there is an extensive flour-mill; and a
water-mill of very great antiquity is now used for supplying the inhabitants of Clapton with water. A vast
number of bricks and tiles are made in the neighbourhood, and several of the fields in which the clay has
been exhausted, have been cultivated or built upon.
The Regent's canal passes through the western part
of the parish, and the Lea river navigation through the
eastern.
Hackney formerly constituted one parish, under the
designation of St. John's, consisting of a vicarage and a
sinecure rectory, valued in the king's books at £20;
and for all civil purposes it still continues so. But by
an order of the king in council, dated March 1825, it was
divided into three districts, called respectively Hackney,
South Hackney, and West Hackney, each of which constitutes a distinct rectory, and of which each rector has
an exclusive right to such tithes and dues as arise within
the limits of his benefice. The livings are in the patronage of D. Tyssen, Esq.; net income of Hackney, £1082;
of South Hackney, £399; and of West Hackney, £464.
The church of St. John the Baptist, now the church
of the central district, or Hackney proper, was erected
under an act of parliament obtained in 1791, at a short
distance northward of a more ancient one, the tower of
which is still standing, the new building not being considered of sufficient strength to receive the bells. It is
handsomely built of brick, with a cupola and dome of
stone subsequently added: the roof is a singularly fine
piece of mechanism, and the arches are of a bolder and
wider span than those in almost any other edifice of
similar design; the windows in the chancel, and one at
the font, are enriched with painted glass. Among the
monuments removed from the old church into the vestibules of the present edifice, is that of Christopher Urswick, almoner of Henry VII., and incumbent of the
parish, who died in 1521. Dr. Richard Sampson, Bishop
of Chichester, and afterwards of Lichfield and Coventry;
David Daulben, Bishop of Bangor; and Gilbert Sheldon, Bishop of London, and subsequently Archbishop of
Canterbury and Chancellor of the University of Oxford,
were incumbents of the parish. The parsonage-house
was rebuilt by the late incumbent. A sub-district has
been apportioned from the district of Hackney proper,
to Stamford-Hill chapel, formerly proprietary, but purchased by the present trustees, and considerably enlarged; an endowment has been assigned to the minister, and a transfer made by the rector of all dues for
occasional services performed in the chapel. The living
is a perpetual curacy; patron, the Rector. At Homerton
is an episcopal chapel built by Mr. Ram, and now in the
patronage of Trustees, who appoint the minister, subject to the approval of the Bishop of London; it contains 600 sittings. An ecclesiastical district or parish,
named St. Barnabas', Homerton, was constituted in 1846,
under the act 6th and 7th Victoria, cap. 37; embracing
an extent of 470 acres. The church, erected in the
same year, is a structure of stone in the early English
style, consisting of a chancel and nave, with a south
aisle, and a tower at the west end, and having some
beautiful stained-glass windows: owing to the taste
and munificence of the family of the late rector, Archdeacon Watson, it is admirably adapted to the purposes
of divine worship. The living is a perpetual curacy, in
the gift of the Bishop of London; net income, £150.
A church has been erected at Dalston, and another at
Clapton, both of which are in the parish of St. John.
The church of West Hackney, containing 1828 sittings, whereof 1192 are free, is situated in Kingslandroad, and was erected by the Parliamentary Commissioners in 1823, at an expense of £15,302; it is a handsome edifice in the Grecian style, with a portico of the
Doric order, designed by Mr. Smirke. The site of the
church, and an ample allotment of ground for a cemetery, together with an adjoining piece of land for a
parsonage-house, were given by the patron: the house
was built by subscription, at a cost of about £2000. A
church, dedicated to St. Peter, was lately erected and
endowed in the parish, at the expense of Richard Benyon de Beauvoir, Esq.; and a district is attached to it,
co-extensive with the estate of the founder at Beauvoir-Town. The structure is in the later English style; the
altar window is of fine stained glass, and contains a
representation of Our Saviour giving the Keys to St.
Peter: the building will accommodate about 1000 persons, and the basement is fitted up as schoolrooms. An
excellent house for the minister has also been erected.
The church of South Hackney (formerly a chapel of
ease), situated in Well-street, was built in 1810, on a site
given by John Dekewer, Esq.; the erection and subsequent alterations cost nearly £8000, raised by subscription. It is in the Grecian style, with a receding portico
of two Ionic columns, and a circular campanile turret
surrounded with pillars of the Corinthian order. In
this parish is a second church, erected at a cost of about
£10,000: the first stone was laid in May, 1845.
There are places of worship for Baptists, Independents, Wesleyans, and Unitarians. Among the ministers of the Independent congregation in St. Thomas's
square have been Dr. William Bates, an eminent theological writer, and Matthew Henry, author of a Commentary on the Holy Scriptures; and among those of the
Unitarian congregration have been Dr. Price, Dr.
Priestley, and the late Rev. Thomas Belsham. Spurstowe's
Almshouses, founded in the year 1666, by Dr. William
Spurstowe, incumbent of Hackney, who endowed them
for six aged widows, were rebuilt in 1819, at an expense
of £1352, which sum had accumulated from savings of
the original endowment, augmented by subsequent benefactions. Six almshouses were built in Well-street for
aged men, by Henry Monger, Esq., who endowed them
with an annuity of £12, to which additional bequests
have been made. The almshouses at Clapton were
founded by Dr. Thomas Wood, Bishop of Lichfield and
Coventry, who endowed them for ten aged widows,
with a rent-charge of £55. The Retreat, for eight
widows of Independent, and four widows of Baptist,
ministers, is a handsome range of buildings near Paradise-fields, comprising six dwelling-houses, and a chapel
in the centre, in the ancient English style, erected at
the expense of Samuel Robinson, Esq., who supports it.
Near St. Thomas's square are twelve almshouses, built
in 1828 by the Bakers' Company, for decayed members
and their wives; adjoining which are eight additional
tenements, erected by the late Mr. Thorne. The Hackney Church of England Grammar school, in union with
King's College, London, was formed by a proprietary of
shareholders: the building, situated near the old churchyard, is in the English style, and cost upwards of
£1300. Another institution, designated the Hackney
Grammar school, admits pupils of every religious denomination: the building, situated in the Back-lane, Clapton, is of brick, in the Grecian style, with a portico of
four fluted Doric columns, which, with the entablatures
and principal front, are finished in Roman cement; the
expense was about £1750. The Society for Educating
Young Men for the Ministry, instituted in 1730, and entertaining the doctrines expressed in the catechisms of
the Westminster Assembly, have a college at Homerton,
for the instruction of 20 young men; the present building of brick, which is neat and very commodious, was
completed in 1823, on the site of a former one, at an
expense of nearly £10,000, defrayed by subscription.
The poor-law union of Hackney contains a population
of 42,371, and is under the direction of 18 guardians.
Among the Distinguished Persons interred here may
be mentioned Henry, Lord Percy, Earl of Northumberland, who died at his house in the parish, June 29th,
1537, being the nobleman who, according to the assertion of Henry VIII., was contracted to Anna Boleyn,
under which pretext the sentence of divorce was pronounced between that monarch and her; Edward Vere,
Earl of Oxford, a statesman, poet, and dramatist, who
flourished in the reign of Elizabeth, and died in 1604;
Dr. John Worthington, an eminent divine; and Sir
Francis D'Oliveira, a Portuguese emigrant, who wrote
against the Inquisition, and died in 1783. Sir Ralph
Sadleir, the distinguished statesman in the reigns of
Henry VIII., Edward VI., and Elizabeth, was born here;
and Howard, the great philanthropist, is supposed to
have been a native of Clapton.—See Clapton and
Dalston.