Hapton
HAPTON, a township, in the parochial chapelry of
Padiham, parish of Whalley, union of Burnley,
Higher division of the hundred of Blackburn, N. division of Lancashire, 3½ miles (W. S. W.) from Burnley;
containing 541 inhabitants. The manor was held by
John Talbot, constable of Lincoln Castle, who sold it in
the reign of Edward III. to Gilbert De la Legh. One
of the De la Leghs, having married the heiress of Townley, descendants male of the deans of Whalley, assumed
the name of Townley. In the 12th of Henry VII., Sir
John Townley had a licence for making a park at Hapton; and again, in the 6th of Henry VIII., for emparking
the plains of Hapton: this second inclosure comprised
all the open fields and wastes in the township. Hapton
was sequestrated after the battle of Marston-Moor; and
its tower and castle, once places of note, and the residence of the ancient lords, fell into decay soon after the
Restoration. The township comprises 3878 acres, of
which 983 are common land or waste: the river Calder
flows on the north, and the Leeds and Liverpool canal
passes through. Immediately above the south bank of
the Calder, built on a beautiful knoll commanding an
extensive prospect, is the family mansion of the Haberghams; and Shuttleworth Hall, the seat of the Shuttleworths before their removal to Gawthorp, is also in the
township: both have become farmhouses.
Hapton (St. Margaret)
HAPTON (St. Margaret), a parish, in the union
and hundred of Depwade, E. division of Norfolk,
3½ miles (N. W. by N.) from Long Stratton; containing
203 inhabitants. The living is a perpetual curacy; patrons and impropriators, the Master and Fellows of
Christ's College, Cambridge, by whom a small glebehouse has lately been erected, and who pay the minister
£100 per annum. The church was repewed in 1841.
There is a place of worship for Unitarians.
Harberton (St. Andrew)
HARBERTON (St. Andrew), a parish, in the union
of Totnes, hundred of Coleridge, Stanborough and
Coleridge, and S. divisions of Devon, 2 miles (S. W.
by W.) from Totnes; containing 1496 inhabitants. The
living is a vicarage, with the living of Halwell annexed,
valued in the king's books at £49. 2. 1.; net income,
£659; patrons and appropriators, the Dean and Chapter
of Exeter. The church contains a very rich stone pulpit,
and three stone stalls. There is a place of worship for
Baptists.
Harbledown (St. Michael)
HARBLEDOWN (St. Michael), a parish, in the
union of Bridge, hundred of Westgate, lathe of St.
Augustine, E. division of Kent, 1 mile (W. S. W.)
from Canterbury; containing 764 inhabitants. It comprises 1627a. 23p., of which 802 acres are arable, 316
pasture, and 509 woodland; the scenery is interesting.
The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at
£9. 2. 6., and in the gift of the Archbishop of Canterbury: the incumbent's tithes have been commuted for
£424, and the glebe comprises 10 acres; there is also
a rent-charge of £55 payable to the archbishop. The
church is a venerable structure. In the parish is a very
ancient hospital, called originally the Hospital of the
Forest of Bleane, and subsequently, of St. Nicholas of
Harbledown, which latter name it still retains. It was
founded by Archbishop Lanfranc, in 1084, for the reception of lepers of both sexes, for whom there were separate establishments, and so remained till the Dissolution,
when its revenue was valued at £109. 7. 2.; it became
in the reign of Edward VI. a college, or asylum for
decayed persons, under the patronage of the archbishop,
and has now a revenue increased by various donations
to about £250. The establishment is for a master,
fifteen in-brothers, as many in-sisters, and the same
number of out brothers and sisters. The hospital was
rebuilt in the reign of James II., and is chiefly of brick;
the chapel, dedicated to St. Nicholas, was formerly
parochial, and is a curious edifice in the Norman style,
with a square tower at the south-west angle.
Harborne, or Harbourn (St. Peter)
HARBORNE, or Harbourn (St. Peter), a parish,
in the union of King's-Norton, S. division of the hundred of Offlow and of the county of Stafford, 3 miles
(S. W. by W.) from Birmingham; containing, with the
hamlet of Smethwick, 6633 inhabitants. This place,
which, from its proximity to Birmingham and the
salubrity of the air, is the occasional resort of invalids
from that town, is pleasantly situated, and contains
several handsome mansions, occupied by the proprietors
of land, among whom are Theodore Price, J. W. Unett,
and W. Spurrier, Esqrs., and the Rev. Thomas Green
Simcox, M.A., the first vicar of North Harborne. The
parish comprises about 3300 acres, of which, with the
exception of about 100 acres in woodland and plantations, the whole is arable and pasture in nearly equal
portions; the surface is elevated, and the scenery pleasingly varied. The living is a vicarage, valued in the
king's books at £4; patrons and appropriators, the
Dean and Chapter of Lichfield: the great tithes have
been commuted for £262, and the vicarial for £514; the
appropriate glebe contains nearly 26 acres, and the
vicarial 25 acres. The church, which has a tower in the
later English style, was enlarged in 1827, at an expense
of £2000. The separate incumbencies of Smethwick
and North Harborne are noticed under the head of
Smethwick. The Baptists and Wesleyans have places
of worship. A national school, endowed with £30 per
annum, by Mr. Henry Hinckley, was rebuilt in 1837:
there are four almshouses; and 50 acres of land, vested
in trustees, and producing a rental of £200, belong to
the poor.
Harborough Magna (All Saints)
HARBOROUGH MAGNA (All Saints), a parish,
in the union of Rugby, Kirby division of the hundred
of Knightlow, N. division of the county of Warwick,
3 miles (N. N. W.) from Rugby; containing 375 inhabitants. This place is written in Domesday book Herd eberge, and in the time of Henry II. a great part of it
belonged to a family of that name; it continued with
them till the reign of Edward IV., and passed by a
female heir to the family of Corbet. The parish comprises by measurement 1333 acres; the soil is chiefly a
clay loam, and the surface, though generally level, has a
considerable elevation. The London and Birmingham
and the Midland railways are within two miles; and
the Coventry and Oxford canal bounds the place on the
west. A post through the village to Monks-Kirby has
recently been established. The living is a rectory, valued
in the king's books at £14. 13. 4.; net income, £298,
with a good glebe-house; patron, Boughton Leigh, Esq.
The church is an ancient structure. Schools on the
national plan are supported.
Harborough, Market
HARBOROUGH, MARKET, a market-town and the
head of a union, in the parish of Bowden Magna, hundred of Gartree, S. division of the county of Leicester, 17 miles (N.) from Northampton, 15 (S. E. by S.)
from Leicester, and 83 (N. W. by N.) from London;
containing 2433 inhabitants. This town, in the ancient
record Testa de Nevil, is called Haverberg, probably
from haver, a term still used in the northern counties to
signify oats, and berg, a hill; which term was afterwards
converted into Haverbrowe, and Harborough. It is
supposed to have been occupied by the Romans: a
square intrenchment, probably the site of a camp, formerly existed in a field named King's-Head Close, at a
short distance from which, Roman urns and fragments
of pottery have been discovered; and in one of the
streets, a sewer or drain was found a few years ago, in
which were traces of Roman masonry. During the
civil war, the town was attached to the royal cause, and
was the head-quarters of the king's army prior to the
memorable battle of Naseby, in Northamptonshire, in
1645. The royalists, on the morning of battle, formed
on a hill north of the town; and Cromwell's letter to
the parliament, giving an account of the battle, is dated
at Harborough.
The town is situated on the southern border of the
county, and on the northern bank of the river Welland,
and consists of one principal street and several smaller
ones; the buildings have been much improved of late
years, and the town is now well paved and lighted.
In the main street is a large town-hall, built in 1788, by
the Earl of Harborough, for the use of tammy dealers;
but the tammy manufacture, as well as that of shalloons,
&c., having become extinct, the under part has been
converted into shambles, and the upper is occupied by
the magistrates for official purposes. There are now a
large carpet manufactory, a worsted-mill, a silk-factory,
several malt-houses, two breweries, and a brush manufactory. The London road enters the town over a handsome stone bridge, erected in 1814, at the joint expense
of the counties of Leicester and Northampton; and a
branch of the Leicestershire and Northamptonshire
Union canal approaches close to the town. The market
is on Tuesday; and fairs are held on Jan. 6th, Feb. 16th,
April 29th, the Tuesday after May 2nd, Tuesday after
Mid-lent Sunday, and July 31st, for cattle; on Oct. 19th
and eight following days, for cattle, cheese, leather, &c.;
and on the Tuesday before Nov. 22nd, and Dec. 8th.
The petty-sessions for the hundred of Gartree are held
here occasionally; and a court leet for the manor at
uncertain periods. The powers of the county debt-court
of Harborough, established in 1847, extend over the
registration-district of Harborough.
The living is a perpetual curacy; net income, £144;
patrons and appropriators, the Dean and Canons of
Christ-Church, Oxford. The chapel, which is dedicated
to St. Dionysius, is a large, handsome, and uniform edifice, and ranks among the finest structures in the
county; it consists of a nave, aisles, and chancel, with
two tiers of windows, two porches, and a tower having
an octangular crocketed spire: it is said to have been
built by John of Gaunt, about the year 1370. There
are places of worship for Independents, Baptists, and
Wesleyans. A free grammar school was founded about
1614, by Robert Smith, a native of this place, and chamberlain of London; but the endowment being insufficient
for the support of a classical teacher, few scholars
attend, and a large national school, with a house for a
master, has been recently erected. The town estates
produce a rental of £614, appropriated to the support of
decayed housekeepers, the apprenticing of children, and
other charitable purposes, and also to the repair of the
highways, and the general improvement of the place.
The poor-law union of Harborough comprises 41 parishes or places, of which 23 are in the county of Leicester, and 18 in that of Northampton; and contains a
population of 15,731. The town gives the titles of
Baron and Earl to the family of Sherard.
Harborough Parva
HARBOROUGH PARVA, a hamlet, in the parish
of Newbold-upon-Avon, union of Rugby, Rugby division of the hundred of Knightlow, N. division of the
county of Warwick, 3 miles (N. N. W.) from Rugby;
containing 31 inhabitants. The monks of Combe had
four messuages and 33 acres of land here; and those of
Kirby, the fourth part of a knight's fee. The hamlet
lies on the road from Rugby to Great Harborough.
Harbottle
HARBOTTLE, a township, in the parish of Hallystone, union of Rothbury, W. division of Coquetdale ward, N. division of Northumberland, 2 miles
(N. W.) from Hallystone; containing 162 inhabitants.
The castle, now in ruins, was in the reign of Edward I.
a very strong fortress, and sustained the reiterated
attacks of the whole Scottish army in 1296: hither
Margaret, Queen Dowager of Scotland, retired in 1515,
after her marriage with the Earl of Angus, and here she
was delivered of a daughter in 1518. The extensive
remains of the building are situated on a commanding
eminence overlooking the river Coquet, and present a
very perfect specimen of a Saxon castle, with its courtyard and keep; the walls of the great tower, being rent
asunder and overhanging their bases, have a singular
and striking effect. The township is very hilly, and
occupied as sheep-walks; the rocks are generally porphyritic. There are fairs for sheep on July 8th and
September 9th. The tithes have been commuted for
£9. A place of worship for Presbyterians was erected
in 1756.
Harbridge
HARBRIDGE, a parochial chapelry, in the union of
Ringwood, partly in the hundred of Ringwood, and
partly in that of Christchurch, Ringwood and S.
divisions of the county of Southampton, 3½ miles (N.)
from Ringwood; containing 300 inhabitants. This
chapelry comprises 2801 acres, of which 605 are waste
land or common; it is situated on the river Avon, which
forms its eastern boundary, and is the property of the
Earl of Normanton, whose seat, Somerley House, is
within the chapelry. The living is annexed to that of
Ringwood. The church was built in 1839, of stone from
the Isle of Purbeck, at the expense of his lordship: it is
a handsome edifice with a square embattled tower surmounted by a turret, and contains 230 sittings, of which
212 are free; the interior is fitted up with open seats
of oak, and the windows are embellished with stained
glass.
Harbury, or Harberbury (All Saints)
HARBURY, or Harberbury (All Saints), a parish, in the union of Southam, Kenilworth division of
the hundred of Knightlow, S. division of the county
of Warwick, 3¾ miles (W. S. W.) from Southam; containing 1089 inhabitants. The parish consists of 3285
acres, of which two-thirds are arable, and the remainder
pasture, and is situated in the heart of a fertile district,
abounding in interesting scenery. Limestone is quarried
for building, and for burning into lime. The living is
a discharged vicarage, valued in the king's books at £5;
net income, £400, with a glebe-house; patron and incumbent, the Rev. C. Newsom; impropriators, several
landed proprietors. The church has a square tower,
and is a neat edifice in good repair. There is a place of
worship for Wesleyans. Thomas Wagstaffe in 1611
founded a school, and endowed it with £20 a year.
Harby (St. Mary)
HARBY (St. Mary), a parish, in the union of
Melton-Mowbray, hundred of Framland, N. division
of the county of Leicester, 8¾ miles (N.) from Melton-Mowbray; containing 629 inhabitants. It comprises
about 2000 acres. The soil is a stiffish clay, but, under
good management, fertile and productive; the surface
is chiefly level, except towards the eastern boundary,
which forms part of the range of hills skirting the Vale
of Belvoir. The Nottingham and Grantham canal intersects the parish. The living is a rectory, valued in
the king's books at £20; net income, £469; patron,
the Duke of Rutland. The tithes were commuted for
land and a money payment in 1790, when 300 acres
were assigned. The church is in the early English
style, and was repaired and new-pewed in 1840. Here
are several chalybeate springs; and in the village is an
ancient stone cross.
Harby
HARBY, a chapelry, in the parish of North Clifton, union, and N. division of the wapentake of Newark,
S. division of the county of Nottingham, 8½ miles (W.)
from Lincoln; containing 390 inhabitants. It comprises 1187a. 3r. 20p., the soil of which is generally
light and sandy. Fragments of urns have been found,
and other relics of antiquity. There are some traces of
foundations surrounded by a moat nearly filled up,
probably the site of an ancient mansion. Harby contains a chapel of ease, a place of worship for Wesleyans,
and a school, which is well supported. Eleanor, Queen
of Edward I., is said to have died here.
Harcourt
HARCOURT, a township, in the parish of Stanton-upon-Hine-Heath, union of Wem, Whitchurch
division of the hundred of North Bradford, N. division of Salop; containing 26 inhabitants. The impropriate tithes have been commuted for £48, and the
vicarial for £7. 10.
Harden
HARDEN, a hamlet, in the parish of Bingley,
union of Keighley, Upper division of the wapentake
of Skyrack, W. riding of York, 1½ mile (W.) from
Bingley. It is beautifully situated on the road from
Bingley to Wilsden and Halifax, and comprises 4620
acres, chiefly pasture and meadow land, and of which
1387 acres are uninclosed moors. The powerful Harden
beck, which abounds with trout, runs through the
hamlet, and propels the machinery of three worstedmills, in which the greater part of the population is
employed. Harden Grange, situated on an eminence,
and surrounded with wood and plantations, is the handsome seat of W. Busfeild Ferrand, Esq. There is a
place of worship for Wesleyans. A large rocky crag,
overhanging the Bell-Bank wood, is called the Druids'
Altar.
Hardenhuish (St. Nicholas)
HARDENHUISH (St. Nicholas), a parish, in the
union and hundred of Chippenham, Chippenham and
Calne, and N. divisions of Wilts, 1¼ mile (N. W.) from
Chippenham; containing 146 inhabitants. The parish
is situated near the road from Chippenham to Malmesbury, and comprises 454a. 2r. 39p. The substratum is
principally limestone, which is raised for the roads. The
Great Western railway skirts the parish, and a branch
of the Kennet and Avon canal terminates within a mile
of it. Hardenhuish Park, the seat of Thomas Clutterbuck, Esq., is a handsome residence, in grounds tastefully laid out. The living is a rectory not in charge,
in the gift of Mr. Clutterbuck: the tithes have been
commuted for £92. 10., and the glebe comprises 12
acres. The church, a modern structure in the Grecian
style, with a campanile turret and cupola, of considerable elegance, is beautifully situated on the acclivity of
a richly-wooded hill, and is partly overspread with ivy:
in the churchyard is a monument of white marble, to
the memory of David Ricardo, Esq., who was interred
here. Christopher Anstey, author of the New Bath
Guide, and of several miscellaneous poems, died at
Hardenhuish in 1805.
Hardham (St. Botolph)
HARDHAM (St. Botolph), a parish, in the union
of Thakeham, hundred of Bury, rape of Arundel, W.
division of Sussex, 6 miles (S. E. by E.) from Petworth;
containing 115 inhabitants. This place is distinguished
as the site of a priory of Black canons founded, it is
said, by Sir William Dawtrey, in the reign of Henry II.,
and dedicated to the Holy Cross or to St. George, and
which, in the reign of Edward III., was so liberally
endowed by Sir William Paynel, that on the grant of a
new charter in the reign of Henry IV., he is cited as the
founder. There are still some remains of the buildings,
of which the chapel is the most entire. The parish is
situated on the river Arun, by which it is bounded on
the north, east, and south; and a branch of the river
Rother, which here falls into the Arun, forms part of its
western boundary. The Arun navigation is conducted
under a hill in the parish, by a tunnel 400 yards in
length. The living is a discharged rectory, valued in
the king's books at £5. 5. 10.; net income, £66;
patron, the Bishop of Chichester. The church is a
venerable edifice in the early English style. Near the
ruins of the priory are the remains of a Roman camp,
occupying a quadrilateral area of 400 feet square,
rounded at the angles.
Hardhorn with Newton
HARDHORN with Newton, a township, in the
parish of Poulton, union of the Fylde, hundred of
Amounderness, N. division of Lancashire, 1½ mile
(S. by E.) from Poulton; containing 358 inhabitants.
It lies in the eastern part of the parish, and comprises
2604a. 2r. 11p. of land, of a fertile soil. The hamlet of
Newton is distant about three-quarters of a mile south
from that of Hardhorn. The impropriate tithes have
been commuted for £401; and the vicarial for £40,
with a glebe of about 3¼ acres. There is an endowed
school.
Hardingham (St. George)
HARDINGHAM (St. George), a parish, in the
union of Mitford and Launditch, hundred of Mitford, W. division of Norfolk, 2 miles (N. N. E.) from
Hingham; containing 602 inhabitants. It comprises
2421 acres, of which 1731 are arable, 642 pasture and
meadow, and 15 woodland. The living is a rectory,
valued in the king's books at £15. 3. 4.; net income,
£577, with a handsome parsonage-house; patrons, the
Master and Fellows of Clare Hall, Cambridge. The
church is chiefly in the decorated and later English
styles, with an embattled tower on the south. At the
inclosure, about 24 acres were allotted to the poor.
Hardingstone (St. Edmund)
HARDINGSTONE (St. Edmund), a parish, and the
head of a union, in the hundred of Wymmersley, S.
division of the county of Northampton, 1 mile (S. S. E.)
from Northampton; containing with the hamlets of
Cotton-End and Delapre, 1053 inhabitants. This place
was the scene of a sanguinary conflict called the battle
of Northampton, in the reign of Henry VI., when that
monarch was made prisoner, and the Duke of Buckingham and other noblemen were slain. The parish comprises about 2800 acres, inclosed in 1762; the soil
towards the north, and on the bank of the Nene, is rich
meadow and pasture land, in other parts a strong clay,
and towards the west a reddish loam, yielding good
crops of grain. The surface rises by gentle undulations
towards the village, which is pleasantly situated on an
eminence, commanding fine views of the country and of
the villages on the opposite bank of the river. A branch
of the Grand Junction canal joins the Nene at Cotton-End, where wharfs and warehouses have been constructed. The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's
books at £13. 5., and in the patronage of the Crown;
net income, £244; impropriator, E. Bouverie, Esq.
The tithes were commuted for land in 1765; the glebe
altogether comprises 150 acres. The church has a fine
tower with five bells; the arches of the interior are
lancet-shaped, and there are some costly memorials to
the Hervey family. The poor law union of Hardingstone comprises 20 parishes or places, and contains a
population of 8668. Near the side of the London road
is one of the beautiful crosses erected by Edward I. to
the memory of his consort Eleanor; and to the southwest of it is a commanding eminence, crowned by the
remains of a circular fortification, inclosing an area
of more than four acres, supposed to have been constructed by Sweyn, the father of Canute. James
Hervey, author of the Meditations, was born at the
village in 1713.
Hardington (St. Mary)
HARDINGTON (St. Mary), a parish, in the union
of Frome, hundred of Kilmersdon, E. division of
Somerset, 4¼ miles (N. W. by N.) from Frome; containing 21 inhabitants. The living is a discharged
rectory, united to that of Hemington, and valued in the
king's books at £6. The church contains a handsome
monument to the Bampfylde family.
Hardington-Mandeville (St. Mary)
HARDINGTON-MANDEVILLE (St. Mary), a parish, in the union of Yeovil, hundred of Houndsborough, Berwick, and Coker, W. division of Somerset, 4½ miles (S. W.) from Yeovil; containing 760 inhabitants. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's
books at £9. 15. 7½.; net income, £471; patron, William Helyar, Esq. The church has been enlarged, and
110 free sittings provided.
Hardley (St. Margaret)
HARDLEY (St. Margaret), a parish, in the union
of Loddon and Clavering, hundred of Loddon, E.
division of Norfolk, 2 miles (N. E.) from Loddon;
containing 214 inhabitants. A considerable quantity
of corn is sent in small craft from Hardley staith to
Yarmouth. The living is a perpetual curacy, until
lately in the patronage of the Corporation of Norwich:
the tithes have been commuted for £327, and the glebe
contains 4 acres. The church is in the later English
style, and consists of a nave and chancel, with a circular tower.