Horsemonden (St. Margaret)
HORSEMONDEN (St. Margaret), a parish, in
the union of Tonbridge, hundred of Brenchley and
Horsemonden, lathe of Aylesford, W. division of
Kent, 2¾ miles (N. E. by N.) from Lamberhurst; containing 1218 inhabitants. It consists of 4517 acres, of
which 564 are woodland, and 42 common. A fair for
cattle and for toys is held on July 26th. The living is
a rectory, valued in the king's books at £26. 3. 9., and
in the gift of the Rev. W. M. Smith Marriott: the
tithes have been commuted for £971, and the glebe contains 77 acres. The church is situated at the extremity
of the parish, upwards of two miles from the village. A
school was endowed in 1792, with £1000, by Sir Charles
Booth; and an additional benefaction of £200 was made
by Dr. Marriott, the late rector.
Horsendon (St. Michael)
HORSENDON (St. Michael), a parish, in the
union of Wycombe, hundred of Aylesbury, county of
Buckingham, 7 miles (W. by N.) from Great Missenden; containing 27 inhabitants. During the parliamentary war, the manor-house, then the property of Sir
John Denham, was occupied by a garrison for the king.
The living is a discharged rectory, valued in the king's
books at £6. 17., and in the gift of the Duke of Rutland:
the tithes have been commuted for £148. 13., and the
glebe contains 20 acres.
Horsepath (St. Giles)
HORSEPATH (St. Giles), a parish, in the union of
Headington, hundred of Bullingdon, county of Oxford, 4 miles (E. by S.) from Oxford; containing 306 inhabitants. The living is a perpetual curacy; net income,
£91; patrons and impropriators, the President and
Fellows of Magdalen College, Oxford. The church is
an ancient cruciform structure, with a central tower.
In the nave are two figures rudely sculptured in stone,
supposed to be the effigies of persons who bequeathed
money for the erection of the tower; in the east window
are the arms of Magdalen College, and there is an altartomb of blue marble, with the effigy of a mitred abbot.
Horsey-next-the-Sea (All Saints)
HORSEY-next-the-Sea (All Saints), a parish, in
the hundred of Happing, E. division of Norfolk, 11
miles (N. N. W.) from Yarmouth; containing 162 inhabitants. This parish, which principally consists of
low marshes and bogs, is nearly insulated, being bounded
by the sea on the east; by the Hundred stream or river,
which separates the hundred of Happing from East
Flegg, on the south; and by Eelfleet dyke and Horsey
mere on the west and north. Little Waxham, a manor
of 160 acres within the bounds of Horsey, was formerly
a parish, the church of which, dedicated to St. Margaret,
together with the village, was swept away in 1665 by
an irruption of the sea. The living is a discharged vicarage, valued in the king's books at £3. 1. 5½.; patrons
and impropriators, the Governors of North Walsham
school. At the inclosure, 147 acres were allotted in
lieu of rectorial tithes, and there is also a rent-charge of
£70; the vicarial tithes have been commuted for a
rent-charge of £83.
Horsford (All Saints)
HORSFORD (All Saints), a parish, in the union of
St. Faith, hundred of Taverham, E. division of Norfolk, 4 miles (N. N. W.) from Norwich; containing
593 inhabitants. It is situated on the road from Holt
to Norwich, and comprises 4176 acres, of which 2178
are arable; 1877 pasture and meadow, including 1600
acres of flat sterile heath; and 121 wood. The living
is a discharged vicarage, valued in the king's books at
£4. 5. 2¼.; patron and impropriator, Admiral Stephens.
The great tithes have been commuted for £127. 7. 6.,
the vicarial for £100, and the glebe contains 10 acres.
The church has portions in various styles of English
architecture. There is a place of worship for Wesleyans. At the inclosure in 1802, about 200 acres of heath
were allotted to the poor for fuel.
Horsforth
HORSFORTH, a chapelry, in the parish of Guisley, Upper division of the wapentake of Skyrack, W.
riding of York, 5 miles (N. W.) from Leeds; containing
4188 inhabitants. This place, in the Domesday survey
Horseford, formed part of the revenue of Kirkstall Abbey,
after the dissolution of which establishment, the manor
was granted to the Cranmer family, who sold it to Lord
Clinton, from whom it was purchased by four of the
freeholders. The chapelry is bounded on the south by
the river Aire, and comprises by measurement 2729
acres of fertile land, of which 430 are arable, 1700 pasture, 100 wood, and 12 common; the surface is boldly
varied. The village is pleasantly seated on the acclivities of the vale of Aire, and its inhabitants are employed in the manufacture of woollen-cloths: on two
tributaries of the river are two paper-mills, two scribblingmills, and one silk-mill. There are three tanneries;
also some extensive quarries of sandstone, from one of
which was raised a block containing 225 cubic feet, for
the London and Birmingham railway. The chapel was
rebuilt in 1758, at a cost of £1020, chiefly defrayed by
the Stanhope family, and is a neat edifice containing 460
sittings: the living is a perpetual curacy; net income,
£158, patron, Mr. Stanhope. A new ecclesiastical district has been constituted, called Woodside; it is partly
within the chapelry of Horsforth, and the living is a
perpetual curacy in the gift of the Crown and the Bishop
of Ripon, alternately. A rent-charge of £121. 16. has
been awarded as a commutation of tithes. There are
places of worship for Baptists, Wesleyans, Primitive
Methodists, and Methodists of the New Connexion.
Horsham (St. Faith)
HORSHAM (St. Faith), a parish, in the union of
St. Faith, hundred of Taverham, E. division of Norfolk, 4 miles (N. by W.) from Norwich; containing,
with the hamlet of Newton St. Faith, 1307 inhabitants.
A priory of Black monks, dedicated to St. Faith, was
founded here in 1105, by Robert Fitzwalter and Sibell de
Cayneto his wife, and was at first a cell to the abbey de
Cenchis, in Normandy: at the Dissolution its revenue
was estimated at £193. 2. 3., and was granted, with the
rectory and advowson of Horsham, to Sir Richard
Southwell, and Edward Ellington, Esq. Attached to
the institution was an hospital, at one time belonging to
the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem. The parish comprises by admeasurement 2303 acres, nearly the whole
arable: the village is situated on the road from Norwich
to Aylsham, above a small rivulet, and is celebrated for its
fair for Scotch and other cattle, which commences on the
17th of October, and continues for three weeks. The
inhabitants are employed chiefly in weaving for the Norwich manufacturers. The living is a perpetual curacy;
net income, £70; patron and impropriator, Admiral
Stephens, whose tithes have been commuted for £711.
The church was repewed in 1842. There are places of
worship for Wesleyans. At the inclosure in 1802, nearly
60 acres of heath were allotted to the poor of Horsham
proper. The union workhouse of St. Faith is situated in
the parish.
Horsham (St. Mary)
HORSHAM (St. Mary),
a borough, market-town, and
parish, and the head of a
union, in the hundred of
Singlecross, rape of Bramber, W. division of Sussex,
29 miles (N. E.) from Chichester, and 36 (S. S. W.) from
London; containing 5765
inhabitants. This place is
supposed to have derived its
name from Horsa, the brother of Hengist, who is said
to have been interred in the immediate vicinity, in 457,
after the battle with Vortimer, near Aylesford, in which
he was slain. The town is pleasantly situated on a
branch of the river Adur, and in the centre of a fertile
district surrounded by varied and interesting scenery;
it consists principally of one street, from which others
branch off in various directions, and is paved with stone
found in the neighbourhood, and amply supplied with
water. The houses are in general indifferently built,
but there are some good modern buildings, especially on
the London road; those in the street leading to the
church are agreeably sheltered by rows of trees. The
approaches to the town are by excellent roads. A
mechanics' institute has been established, to which a
library is attached. An act was obtained in 1845 for a
branch railway from this place to the London and Brighton railway, 8¼ miles in length; it was completed at the
close of 1847. There are two breweries and a tanyard;
and quarries of excellent stone are worked in the vicinity,
in which are found the exuviæ of large Saurian animals,
the bones of the crocodile, plesiosaurus, turtle, and
other amphibious reptiles, with the carbonized remains of
monocotyledonous plants, arborescent ferns, palms, &c.
A great quantity of poultry is reared in the neighbourhood, for the supply of the London market. The
market-days are, Monday for poultry, and Saturday
chiefly for corn. Fairs, principally for sheep and lambs,
are held on April 5th and July 18th, and others for
horses and cattle on the Monday before Whitsuntide and
November 27th; on the Saturday after the July fair is
a fair for pedlery and toys, and on November 17th is a
large fair for Welsh cattle, called St. Leonard's fair,
from its having been formerly held in an adjoining forest
of that name.
Seal and Arms.
In the 23rd of Edward I. a charter of incorporation
was granted to Horsham, and the control was for some
time vested in two bailiffs, chosen annually at the court
leet of the lord of the manor, at which constables, &c.
are now only appointed. It is a borough by prescription, and returned two members to parliament from the
23rd of Edward I. to the 2nd of William IV., when it
was deprived of one, and the privilege of election was extended to the £10 householders of the entire parish; the
sheriff appoints the returning officer. The Midsummer
quarter-sessions for the western division are held here,
as are also petty-sessions on the first and third Saturdays
of every month. The powers of the county debt-court
of Horsham, established in 1847, extend over the registration-district of Horsham. The town-hall and sessionshouse form a handsome building with a stone front,
enlarged in 1806 by the Duke of Norfolk, for the accommodation of the judges of assize, the Lent assizes being
then regularly held here. The county gaol is now only
used as a debtors' prison.
The parish comprises by computation nearly 10,000
acres, of which a very considerable portion forms part
of the ancient forest of St. Leonard: the soil is in some
parts a deep clay, and towards the forest a light sand;
the surface is hilly, rising in some parts to a very considerable height. The living is a vicarage, valued in
the king's books at £25; net income, £651; patron, the
Archbishop of Canterbury; impropriator, R. Hurst, Esq.
The church is a spacious and venerable structure, in the
early English style, with a lofty tower surmounted by a
spire; the window of the chancel is of beautiful design,
and the interior, which preserves its original character
nearly throughout, contains several ancient and interresting monuments. A second church, dedicated to St.
Mark, was erected in 1840, on a site given by Thos. Coppard, Esq., who also presented the stone and a sum of
£50 towards its erection; it was completed by subscription, aided by a grant of £300 from the Incorporated
Society, and £200 from the Chichester Diocesan Society,
and is a handsome edifice in the later English style.
The living is in the gift of the Vicar. There are places
of worship for Baptists, the Society of Friends, Independents, and Wesleyans; and a Roman Catholic chapel.
The free school was founded in 1532, by Richard Collyer,
citizen and mercer of London, who endowed it with
houses, producing more than £500 per annum; the
premises comprise a good schoolroom, and dwellinghouses with gardens for the masters. The union of
Horsham consists of ten parishes or places, and contains a population of 13,410: a union-house has been
erected a short distance from the town, on the road to
Crawley.
Horsington (All Saints)
HORSINGTON (All Saints), a parish, in the union
of Horncastle, S. division of the wapentake of Gartree, parts of Lindsey, county of Lincoln, 4¾ miles
(W.) from Horncastle; containing 345 inhabitants. The
living is a dicharged rectory, valued in the king's books
at £9. 11. 3.; net income, £222; patrons, the President
and Fellows of Magdalen College, Oxford. The tithes
were commuted for land in 1773. Here is a school with
a small endowment.
Horsington (St. John the Baptist)
HORSINGTON (St. John the Baptist), a parish,
in the union of Wincanton, hundred of Horethorne,
E. division of Somerset, 4 miles (S. by W.) from Wincanton; containing, with the hamlets of South Cheriton
and Wilkenthrupp, 915 inhabitants. It is on the road
from Wincanton to Blandford, and comprises about
3400 acres: sandstone is quarried for building. The
living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at
£18. 6. 0½., and in the gift of J. A. Wickham, Esq.:
the tithes have been commuted for £895, and the glebe
comprises 78 acres. The church has been enlarged.
There are places of worship for Baptists and Wesleyans.
Horsley (St. Clement)
HORSLEY (St. Clement), a parish, in the union of
Belper, hundred of Morleston and Litchurch, S.
division of the county of Derby; containing, with the
townships of Horsley-Woodhouse and Kilbourne, 2278
inhabitants, of whom 571 are in the township of Horsley, 6¼ miles (N. N. E.) from Derby. It is situated on
the road to Sheffield, and comprises 2650 acres, of which
about 97 are woodland; the surface is diversified with
hill and dale, and the soil is in general light. The living
is a discharged vicarage, valued in the king's books at
£7. 5. 5.; net income, £220; patron, E. D. Sitwell, Esq.:
the tithes have been commuted for £170, of which £76. 15.
are apportioned to Horsley township. The church is a
spacious and handsome building, surmounted by an early
spire of excellent workmanship; the clerestory windows
are large, and give a peculiar airiness and elegance to the
structure: over the porch is an ancient crucifix, in a
tolerably perfect state of preservation. On the summit
of a hill, about a mile from the church, are the ruins of
the baronial castle of Horestan, or Horston, said to have
been built in the twelfth century; in the time of Elizabeth, the edifice was in the possession of the Stanhope
family, and, it is said, was occupied by them.
Horsley (St. Martin)
HORSLEY (St. Martin), a parish, in the union of
Stroud, hundred of Longtree, E. division of the
county of Gloucester, 5 miles (S. by W.) from Stroud;
containing, with the hamlet of Down-End and a portion
of the chapelry of Nailsworth, 3064 inhabitants. The
parish is situated on the road from Stroud to Bristol, in
a district abounding with finely-varied scenery, and the
neighbouring hills are clothed with woods of stately
beech. The valleys are very fertile, and watered by
numerous streams forming in various parts cascades of
picturesque appearance, and in their course giving motion
to several mills for the manufacture of superfine broadcloth, in which at least three-fourths of the population
are engaged. The petty-sessions for the district of
Longtree are held at this place, in rotation with Rodborough and Tetbury; and the house of correction, a
commodious building, is situated here. The living is a
discharged vicarage, valued in the king's books at
£7. 11. 5½.; patron, the Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol;
impropriator, Col. Kingscote; net income, £150. The
church has been lately rebuilt on an enlarged plan, in
the later English style, at a cost of more than £3200,
and contains 536 free sittings, the Incorporated Society
having granted £500 in aid of the expense; the remainder of the sum was supplied by subscription, with £500
by the Gloucester and Bristol Church-building Society.
There are places of worship for Baptists and Wesleyans.
A national school is endowed with £54 per annum.
Horsley
HORSLEY, a township, in the parish of Ovingham,
union of Hexham, E. division of Tindale ward, S.
division of Northumberland, 9¾ miles (W. by N.)
from Newcastle-upon-Tyne; containing 286 inhabitants.
This township is chiefly the property of the Duke of
Northumberland. The village, distant above a mile north
from Ovingham, is built on each side of the Hexham
road, and contains several farmholds, and an inn which
terminates the first stage from Newcastle. It is situated on a declivity; the river Tyne pursues its course
not far to the south, and the Roman wall lies on the
north. The tithes have been commuted for £209.
There is a place of worship for Independents.
Horsley, East (St. Martin)
HORSLEY, EAST (St. Martin), a parish, in the
union of Guildford, Second division of the hundred of
Woking, W. division of Surrey, 2½ miles (S. E.) from
Ripley; containing 300 inhabitants. It comprises 1795a.
2r. 37p., of which 600 acres are arable, 565 meadow
and pasture, and 630 woodland and waste. The surface
of the northern part is flat, and the soil clayey, and of
the southern part hilly, and the soil chalky; the higher
grounds are crowned with beech-trees of stately growth,
and the general scenery is pleasingly varied. The road
from Leatherhead to Guildford crosses the parish in
the centre. The living is a rectory, in the patronage of
the Archbishop of Canterbury, valued in the king's books
at £12. 16. 5½.; net income, £257. The church consists of a nave and chancel, with a massive embattled
tower and neat southern porch, and has portions in the
early English style; it contains an altar-tomb to Francis
Cornwallis and his lady, and a brass to the memory of
Bishop Bowthe, of Exeter, who died at East Horsley in
1478. Several of the bishops of Exeter appear to have
resided here, on some property once belonging to the
see. The learned Dr. Mant, Bishop of Down and Connor,
was rector of the parish, 1818–20.
Horsley, Long (St. Helen)
HORSLEY, LONG (St. Helen), a parish, in the
union of Rothbury, W. division of Morpeth ward,
N. division of Northumberland, 6¾ miles (N. W. by
N.) from Morpeth; containing, with the townships of
Bigge's Quarter, Freeholders' Quarter, Longshaws, Riddell's Quarter, Stanton, Todburn, Wingates, and WittonShields, 922 inhabitants. The manor was at an early
period the property of the Merlays; after them the
Greystocks held it; and the Horsleys possessed lands
here from an early period, till their heiress married into
the family of Widdrington. The parish, which is about
seven miles long and five broad, is bounded on the north
by the river Coquet; the great sandstone stratum, called
the millstone-grit, passes through it. A large portion of
the soil is a clay loam, which in the neighbourhood of
Horsley and of Linden is very fertile; the other parts
vary much in quality, but chiefly consist of a stiff clayey
soil, growing wheat and oats. Coal and limestone exist
in the parish, and thriving woods decorate considerable
portions of the banks of the Font and Coquet; the plantations at Linden are also luxuriant. The Roman road
called Cobb's Causeway runs through. The village is of
tolerable extent, and partly in each of the three quarters
named Bigge's or Linden, Riddell's, and Freeholders',
which see. The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's
books at £17. 13. 4., and in the patronage of the Crown;
net income, £336; impropriator, C. W. Bigge, Esq.:
there are about 50 acres of glebe. The church was rebuilt in 1783, and is a neat edifice of stone, nearly half
a mile from the village; the present communion table
and rails were made out of an oak-tree that was found
buried in a neighbouring moss a few years since. A
strong ancient tower, the property of the Widdrington
family, from whom it descended to the Riddells of
Helton, near the western extremity of the village, has
been converted into a residence for a Roman Catholic
priest, and a chapel built close to it. In the parish are
several chalybeate springs.
Horsley, West (St. Mary)
HORSLEY, WEST (St. Mary), a parish, in the
union of Guildford, Second division of the hundred
of Woking, W. division of Surrey, 3 miles (S. E.)
from Ripley; containing 671 inhabitants, and comprising
3006a. 34p. "The Place," an extensive mansion belonging to the Westons, appears to have been chiefly
built in the time of James I., but it has been much
altered since; some parts were in existence prior to the
reign of Elizabeth. A collection of valuable portraits,
of the date of the 17th century, is still preserved here.
The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at
£22. 17. 1.; net income, £317; patron and incumbent,
the Rev. H. S. Cerjat: the tithes have been commuted
for £305, and the glebe contains 30½ acres. The church,
situated on the side of the road from Leatherhead to
Guildford, was repewed, and a vestry-room built, in
1810, at the expense of the Rev. Weston Fullerton, the
rector, to whose memory there is a neat monument in the
chancel, by Bacon. The east window contains some
very ancient stained glass; and there are two handsome
monuments to the Nicholas family, one of whom, Sir
Edward, was secretary of state to Charles I. and II.;
and an altar-tomb with an effigy of one of the Berners,
a family who resided here about the time of Richard II.:
the head of Sir Walter Raleigh was buried here. The
tower is exceedingly picturesque, being covered with ivy,
and surmounted by a spire. A Sunday school was
founded in 1813, and endowed with £600 by the Rev.
Weston Fullerton, who also, in 1817, left £3200 three
per cent. reduced consols., the interest to be given to
three poor men and three poor widows.
Horsley-Woodhouse
HORSLEY-WOODHOUSE, a township, in the parish of Horsley, union of Belper, hundred of Morleston and Litchurch, S. division of the county of
Derby, 6½ miles (N. N. E.) from Derby; containing
881 inhabitants. It comprises about 622 acres of land,
of a strong clayey soil. A part of the population is
employed in the manufacture of hosiery, for which there
are about 200 stocking-frames. The tithes have been
commuted for £37. 10. The Methodists have a place
of worship. The Rykneld-street passed through the
township, and many traces of it are still visible.
Horstead (All Saints)
HORSTEAD (All Saints), a parish, in the union of
St. Faith, hundred of Taverham, E. division of Norfolk, ½ a mile (W.) from Coltishall; containing, with
the merged parish of Stanninghall, 625 inhabitants.
The village is situated in a picturesque spot, on the
south bank of the river Bure, and on the road from
Norwich to North Walsham. The living is a rectory,
valued in the king's books at £7. 10.; net income, £394;
patrons, the Provost and Fellows of King's College, Cambridge: the glebe contains 56 acres. Here was an alien
priory, a cell to the convent of the Holy Trinity, at Caen,
in Normandy; the revenue was appropriated to King's
College.
Horsted-Keynes (St. Giles)
HORSTED-KEYNES (St. Giles), a parish, in the
union of Cuckfield, hundred of Danehill-Horsted,
rape of Pevensey. E. division of Sussex, 6 miles
(E. N. E.) from Cuckfield; containing 812 inhabitants.
It comprises 4291a. 2r. 5p., of which 1600 acres are
arable, 800 pasture, and 1878 woodland. The living is a
rectory, valued in the king's books at £13. 6. 8., and in
the gift of T. Austen, Esq.: the tithes have been commuted for £500, and the glebe contains 66 acres. The
church has portions in the early and decorated English
styles. Dr. Robert Leighton, Archbishop of Glasgow,
was buried in the south chancel. There is a place of
worship for Baptists at Danehill. A free school was
founded, and endowed with an estate and £400, by E.
Lightmaker, in 1708. About a mile from the village is
a chalybeate spring, called Holy Well.
Horsted, Little
HORSTED, LITTLE, a parish, in the union of Uckfield, hundred of Rushmonden, though a considerable
portion is locally in that of Loxfield-Dorset, rape of
Pevensey, E. division of Sussex, 2 miles (S.) from
Uckfield; containing 278 inhabitants. The parish is
situated on the road from London to Lewes, by way of
Uckfield, and comprises by computation 2000 acres, of
which 844 are arable, 332 pasture, 229 meadow, and
the remainder woodland. The living is a rectory, valued
in the king's books at £7, and in the gift of the Rev. J.
Simpson: the tithes have been commuted for £421,
and the glebe contains 22 acres. The church, which is
situated on an eminence, is a handsome structure in
the later English style, with a square embattled tower.