Tweedmouth (St. Bartholomew)
TWEEDMOUTH (St. Bartholomew), a parish, in
the union of Berwick-upon-Tweed, Islandshire, N.
division of Northumberland; adjoining Berwick, and
containing, with the townships of Ord and Spittle, 5202
inhabitants, of whom 2574 are in the township of Tweedmouth. In 1203, King John made an attempt to fortify
the town of Tweedmouth, but his progress was twice
interrupted by the Scots, and during the occupation of
Berwick by William the Lion, the works were entirely
demolished. The town or village, which is situated on
the south bank of the river Tweed, forms a handsome
suburb to the borough of Berwick, with which it is connected by an elegant bridge. The inhabitants of the
parish are chiefly employed in agriculture and fishing;
in the town are two extensive foundries, a yard for boatbuilding, a brewery, a millwright's establishment, and a
mill for crushing bones for manure. The Edinburgh
and Newcastle railway, completing the communication
with London, passes through the village; and from the
abundance of coal, limestone, and stone for building, in
the neighbourhood, with facilities of conveyance, and the
command of a good harbour, there is every prospect of a
great increase in the manufacturing and commercial importance of the place. A part of the parish is included
within the boundaries of Berwick; petty-sessions for
this portion of Tweedmouth are held every Friday, and
for that part of it within the county on the first Wednesday in every month. The parish comprises 4520
acres, chiefly arable. The living is a perpetual curacy;
net income, £150; patrons and appropriators, the Dean
and Chapter of Durham. The church, formerly a chapel
of ease to Holy Island, was rebuilt in 1783. There are
two places of worship for Presbyterians; and a national
school, erected in 1825. An ancient hospital existed
here, near the site of which is a slightly impregnated
mineral spring; and in the neighbourhood of Ord are
vestiges of a British intrenchment, close to which fragments of military weapons have been found.
Twemlow
TWEMLOW, a township, in the parish of Sandbach, union of Congleton, hundred of Northwich,
S. division of the county of Chester, 5¼ miles (E. N. E.)
from Middlewich; containing 241 inhabitants. The
township comprises 877 acres, the soil of which is partly
sand and partly clay. The vicarial tithes have been
commuted for £69, and the impropriate for £36. 12
Twickenham (St. Mary)
TWICKENHAM (St. Mary), a parish, in the union
of Brentford, hundred of Isleworth, county of Middlesex, 9 miles (W. S. W.) from London, on the road
through Isleworth to Hampton Court; containing 5208
inhabitants. The name of this place, formerly written
Twicknam, is said to refer to its position on two brooks
that flow into the river Thames, one at each end of the
village. Twickenham is deservedly admired for the beauty
of its scenery, enlivened by the windings of the Thames,
and embellished with handsome seats and tasteful villas;
and has been the favourite retreat of the statesman and
the poet. At the southern extremity of the village,
fronted by a lawn sloping to the stream, was Pope's
villa; and towards the north, in a delightful situation
on the river, is the mansion that was occupied by Louis
Philippe, late King of the French, when Duke of Orleans.
Strawberry Hill, formerly the residence of Horace Walpole, is also an interesting object as seen from the river,
in the middle of which, nearly opposite to the church, is
an island called Twickenham Ait. This island comprises about eight acres, chiefly pleasure-grounds, and
in the centre is the Eel-Pie House, noted for the last
two centuries as a favourite resort for refreshment and
recreation to water parties, and persons repairing hither
for the amusement of fishing; the old building was taken
down in 1830, and a commodious edifice, comprising a
good assembly-room measuring 50 feet by 15, erected on
the site. There are powder and oil mills in the parish.
Fairs are held annually on Holy-Thursday and August
9th and 10th.
The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's books
at £11; net income, £717; patrons, the Dean and
Canons of Windsor; impropriator, H. Pownall, Esq.
The church, mostly rebuilt in 1714, is a plain structure
of brick ornamented with stone, of the Doric order,
with an ancient embattled tower of the 11th century: in
the interior is a monument to the memory of Pope,
erected by Bishop Warburton; and another to Mrs.
Clive, the actress. Midway between Twickenham and
Richmond is Montpelier chapel, erected about 1721, and
in the gift of the Rev. Dr. Parish. A district church on
the common, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, and in the
patronage of the Bishop of London, of which the first
stone was laid August 31st, 1840, was consecrated in
July, 1841; it was built and endowed by subscription,
and is in the early English style, an interesting specimen
of a village church. There are places of worship for
Independents and Wesleyans; also a national school
formed in 1809, by the union of three schools, and the
appropriation of some endowments belonging to them,
amounting to £133 per annum. Six boys and one girl
of this parish are eligible for instruction and apprenticeship, or to be put to service, on the foundation of John
and Frances West, who conveyed estates in trust to the
Governors of Christ's Hospital for that purpose; £20
being paid with each boy, and £5 with each girl.
Twigmoor
TWIGMOOR, a hamlet, in the parish of Manton,
union of Glandford-Brigg, E. division of the wapentake of Manley, parts of Lindsey, county of Lincoln, 5½ miles (W.) from Glandford-Brigg; containing
45 inhabitants.
Twigworth
TWIGWORTH, a hamlet, in the parish of St. Catherine, Gloucester, Upper division of the hundred
of Dudstone and King's-Barton, union, and E. division of the county, of Gloucester, 2 miles (N. N. E.)
from Gloucester; containing 136 inhabitants, and comprising 400 acres.
Twineham (St. Peter)
TWINEHAM (St. Peter), a parish, in the union of
Cuckfield, hundred of Buttinghill, rape of Lewes,
E. division of Sussex, 5 miles (S. W.) from Cuckfield;
containing 358 inhabitants. The road from London to
Brighton, by way of Hickstead, runs through the parish.
The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at
£10. 15. 5., and in the gift of Sir C. F. Goring, Bart.:
the tithes have been commuted for £400; there is a
parsonage-house, and the glebe comprises 3 acres.
Twining, or Twyning (St. Mary Magdalene)
TWINING, or Twyning (St. Mary Magdalene),
a parish, in the union of Tewkesbury, Lower division of the hundred of Kiftsgate, though locally in the
Lower division of that of Tewkesbury, E. division of
the county of Gloucester, 2 miles (N. by E.) from
Tewkesbury; containing 970 inhabitants. The parish
is situated between the rivers Severn and Avon, by the
latter of which it is separated from Worcestershire. It
comprises 3061 acres, whereof 750 are arable, 1888
pasture, 53 wood, and 390 common or waste; the surface is hilly, the soil generally of excellent quality, and
the beauty of the scenery is increased by the luxuriance
of numerous trees, and the rich appearance of the meadow land. The Worcester and Gloucester road runs
through the parish, near the northern boundary; and
over the Avon is a ferry. At one period, large quantities of stockings were woven by the inhabitants; but
only a few looms are now employed. The living is a
discharged vicarage, valued in the king's books at £7.
9. 7.; net income, £127; patrons and appropriators,
the Dean and Canons of Christ-Church, Oxford. The
tithes have been commuted for a rent-charge of £945.
There is neither glebe-house nor glebe-land; a former
vicarial residence, and about half an acre of land, are
now let out to cottagers; but the patrons have assigned
four acres near the church as glebe, upon the termination of the present tenant's lease. The church exhibits
portions in the Norman style, including the porch and
doors, which are much admired; the tower also is very
fine, and there are some handsome monuments, chiefly
of the Handcock family, who were lords of the manor:
the extreme length of the edifice, however, detracts
much from its beauty. A national school is supported
by subscription. Adjoining the churchyard is part of
a building that belonged to the priory at Winchcomb,
but the ruins are very inconsiderable. Towbury Hill is
said to be the site of a Roman camp; and it is conjectured by Leland that the house of King Offa, or of
Ranulphus, stood upon it. Numerous Roman coins
have been found in the neighbourhood.
Twinstead
TWINSTEAD, a parish, in the union of Sudbury,
hundred of Hinckford, N. division of Essex, 5 miles
(N. E. by N.) from Halstead; containing 196 inhabitants. It comprises 1038a. 3r. 14p., of which 824 acres
are arable, and the remainder chiefly pasture; the surface is pleasingly diversified, and the soil fertile. Twinstead Hall, the ancient manor-house, retains much of
its original character; and part of the moat by which
it was surrounded, and the old bridge forming the approach, are still remaining. The living is a discharged
rectory, valued in the king's books at £6, and in the
patronage of the Crown; net income, £250. The church
has been rebuilt.
Twiston
TWISTON, a township, in the chapelry of Downham, parish of Whalley, union of Clitheroe, Higher
division of the hundred of Blackburn, N. division of
the county of Lancaster, 5 miles (E. N. E.) from Clitheroe; containing 199 inhabitants. This place was
called Twysilton in the reign of John, at which time
the family of Twysilton occur as owners here. In the
1st of Edward III., when the Hall existed, the property
was possessed by Richard de Greenacres; a successor
of whom, Sir Richard Greenacres, left a daughter that
married into the Worsley family, through whom the
estate passed to the family of Starkie. The township
is situated on the borders of Yorkshire. At the northeastern termination of Pendle Hill is an ancient burialplace for the Society of Friends.
Twitchen (St. Peter)
TWITCHEN (St. Peter), a parish, in the union
and hundred of South Molton, South Molton and N.
divisions of Devon, 6 miles (N. E. by E.) from South
Molton; containing 194 inhabitants. It is situated on
the border of the county, adjacent to Exmoor Forest,
in Somerset; and comprises 2823 acres, of which 310
are common or waste. There are several quarries
of stone used for ordinary buildings. The living is a
perpetual curacy, annexed to the vicarage of North
Molton: the tithes have been commuted for £210. 17. 6.
The church is ancient.
Twiverton (St. Michael)
TWIVERTON (St. Michael), a parish, in the union
of Bath, hundred of Wellow, E. division of Somerset, 1¾ mile (W. S. W.) from Bath; containing 3342
inhabitants. The Avon runs past the parish, turning
several mills; and the Great Western railway proceeds
in a nearly parallel direction. The river is crossed here
by a suspension-bridge of novel construction, erected in
1837, at a cost, exclusive of the embankments and approaches, of £2500. The living is a discharged vicarage,
endowed with a portion of the rectorial tithes, and
valued in the king's books at £5. 18. 1½.; patrons, the
Provost and Fellows of Oriel College, Oxford; impropriators of the remainder of the rectorial tithes, the
Langton family. The impropriate tithes have been
commuted for £82. 10., and the vicarial for £251. 6.;
the glebe contains 51¼ acres. The church has been
enlarged. There is a place of worship for Wesleyans.
Twizell
TWIZELL, a township, in the parish of Norham,
union of Berwick-upon-Tweed, N. division of Northumberland, 10 miles (S. W.) from Berwick; containing 336 inhabitants. It is situated on the river Till,
which is here crossed by a stone bridge of one arch, 91
feet in the span. Twizell Castle, a fine though unfinished castellated mansion of the Blakes, is seated on
a rocky precipice, surrounded by extremely picturesque
scenery; and near it is Tillmouth House, the present
residence of the family. The vicarial tithes have been
commuted for £63. 18. 3.; and the appropriate for
£400. 9. 4., payable to the Dean and Chapter of Durham. In the neighbourhood are the remains of an
ancient chapel dedicated to St. Cuthbert.
Twizell
TWIZELL, a township, in the parish of Morpeth,
union and W. division of Castle ward, S. division of
Northumberland, 6¼ miles (S. W. by S.) from Morpeth; containing 45 inhabitants. The township is situated on the east bank of the Blyth, where that river
begins to run southward towards Kirkley; and on the
boundary between Morpeth and Ponteland parishes.
Twizell formed part of the ancient barony of Ogle.
Two-Mile-Hill
TWO-MILE-HILL, an ecclesiastical district or
parish, in the parish of St. George, union of Clifton,
hundred of Barton Regis, W. division of the county
of Gloucester, 2½ miles (E.) from Bristol. The district was constituted in August 1845, under the act 6th
and 7th Victoria, cap. 37. It is situated on the river
Avon, and lies along both sides of the high roads from
Bristol to Bath and Marshfield, its circumference being
about three miles. The land is chiefly set out in freeholds of an acre or more, and appropriated to market
gardening; a portion is in small grazing-farms. Coalmines are wrought; and there is a pin-factory. The
church, an edifice in the early English style, with a
tower, has just been erected, at a cost of £2200: the
living is a perpetual curacy, in the patronage of the
Crown and the Bishop of Bristol and Gloucester, alternately; net income, £150. There is a place of worship
for Wesleyans, and another for Primitive Methodists.
Twycross (St. James)
TWYCROSS (St. James), a parish, in the union of
Market-Bosworth, hundred of Sparkenhoe, S. division of the county of Leicester, 6 miles (N. E. by N.)
from Atherstone; containing 336 inhabitants. It is
situated on the road between Ashby-de-la-Zouch and
Atherstone, and comprises 1514a. 3r. 16p., of which the
subsoil is sand. The living was separated from the
vicarage of Orton-on-the-Hill in 1839, and is now a
distinct perpetual curacy, in the gift of Earl Howe, who
is lessee of the great tithes under the Bishop of Oxford.
The net income of the benefice is £130, and there are
3½ acres of glebe. The church was erected in the 14th
century, and consists of a nave, chancel, and north aisle,
with a square embattled tower. The east window is
ornamented with stained glass of the 13th century,
lately presented by Sir Wathen Waller, Bart.: the great
south window contains the arms of several members
of the Curzon family, with those of the Bishop of Oxford, and of the present incumbent, executed by Willement, who presented to the church the arms of William
IV. impaled with those of Queen Adelaide. A fine-toned
organ has also been erected, at the cost of Earl Howe,
who lately expended a considerable sum in repairing the
church. A schoolmistress receives £16. 13. yearly, as
a share of the interest of £1000 left in 1765 for instruction. There are some remains of a moated house in the
Hall-field, north-west of the church.
Twyford
TWYFORD, a chapelry, in the parish of Hurst,
union of Wokingham, hundreds of Charlton and
Sonning, county of Berks, 8 miles (S. W.) from
Maidenhead. A battle was fought near this place in
1688, between the partizans of James II. and those of
the Prince of Orange, afterwards William III. The
village, which is neatly built, and populously inhabited,
is situated on the Bath and Bristol road; the river
Thames flows at a short distance, and the Great Western
railway has a station here. Silk-throwing is extensively
carried on. A fair for horses and other cattle is held
on the 15th of July, but it is very indifferently attended.
The chapel, dedicated to St. Swithin, was erected, and
endowed with £30 per annum, by Edward Polehampton,
who died in 1721: the living is a donative, in the patronage of three Trustees. Here is a place of worship
for Independents. Mr. Polehampton also bequeathed
a rent-charge of £10 with a dwelling-house for the
master, to teach ten boys; and there is an hospital
founded in 1640, by Lady Frances Winchcombe, for
eight single women.
Twyford (St. Mary)
TWYFORD (St. Mary), a parish, in the union, hundred, and county of Buckingham, 6 miles (S. W. by S.)
from Buckingham; containing, with the hamlets of
Charndon and Poundon, 754 inhabitants, of whom 452
are in Twyford township. It is situated on a branch of
the river Ouse, and comprises about 4500 acres by admeasurement; 200 acres are woodland, and of the remainder one-fifth arable, and four-fifths pasture and
meadow. The soil is chiefly a heavy clay. The living
is a rectory not in charge, annexed to the rectorship of
Lincoln College, Oxford; net income, £725. The tithes
were commuted for land in 1774. The church is in the
later English style, and contains 400 sittings.
Twyford
TWYFORD, a chapelry, in the parish of Barrow,
union of Burton-upon-Trent, hundred of Appletree,
S. division of the county of Derby, 5 miles (S. S. W.)
from Derby; containing, with the township of Stenson,
250 inhabitants. It is situated on the banks of the
Trent, and comprises 1600 acres, divided into arable
and pasture land: the surface is gently undulated. The
Trent and Mersey canal passes in the vicinity, and
there is a station on the Derby and Birmingham railway
at Willington, two miles distant. Twyford Hall is the
residence of the Bristowe family, who have been seated
here from the early part of the 17th century. Sir John
Harpur Crewe, Bart., is lord of the manor. The chapel,
dedicated to St. Andrew, is a brick edifice, with the exception of the chancel, which is very ancient, and entered
by a Norman arch. John Harpur and others, in 1696,
gave a rent-charge of £15, for teaching and apprenticing children.
Twyford (St. Andrew)
TWYFORD (St. Andrew), a parish, in the union
of Melton-Mowbray, hundred of East Goscote, N.
division of the county of Leicester, 6¼ miles (S. by
W.) from Melton-Mowbray; containing, with the chapelry of Thorpe-Satchville, 478 inhabitants, of whom
325 are in Twyford township. The living is a discharged
vicarage, united to that of Hungerton in 1732, and
valued in the king's books at £8. 8. 6.: the glebe consists
of 70 acres, awarded at the inclosure in 1796, in lieu of
tithes. The church is a neat fabric, with a tower containing three bells. A national school, and a place of
worship for Wesleyan, Methodists, were built in 1845.
The sum of £30 per annum, a portion of Woollaston's
charity at Whitchurch, is distributed in clothing among
the poor.
Twyford
TWYFORD, a hamlet, in the parish of Colsterworth, union of Grantham, hundred of Beltisloe,
parts of Kesteven, county of Lincoln, ¾ of a mile (S.)
from Colsterworth; containing 125 inhabitants.
Twyford
TWYFORD, an extra-parochial liberty, in the union
of Kensington, Kensington division of the hundred of
Ossulstone, county of Middlesex, 6 miles (W. N. W.)
from London; containing 27 inhabitants. Near this
place, the London and Birmingham railway is carried
over the valley of the Brent by a viaduct 30 feet wide,
resting upon a river arch of 60 feet span, and 6 semicircular land arches of 16 feet span each. There is a
private chapel at Twyford Abbey.
Twyford (St. Nicholas)
TWYFORD (St. Nicholas), a parish, in the union
of Mitford and Launditch, hundred of Eynsford,
E. division of Norfolk, 1 mile (S. E.) from Guist; containing 94 inhabitants. It comprises 529a. 1r. 19p.,
of which 370 acres are arable, 131 meadow and pasture,
24 woodland, and 4 road and water. The river Wensum forms part of the western boundary. The living
is a discharged rectory, valued in the king's books at
£4. 19. 9½., and in the gift of the Rev. John Spurgeon:
the tithes have been commuted for £151, and the glebe
comprises 11 acres. The church, which is beautifully
situated in the grounds of Twyford Hall, is in the early
English style, with a tower on the south side.
Twyford (St. Mary)
TWYFORD (St. Mary), a parish, in the union of
Winchester, hundred of Fawley, Winchester and S.
divisions of the county of Southampton, 3 miles (S.)
from Winchester; containing 1311 inhabitants. It
comprises 4219a. 2r., of which 2208 acres are arable,
278 pasture, 291 coppice, 285 water-mead, and the
remainder common, road, &c. The river Itchin and the
Itchin navigation run through the parish, and the London and South-Western railway passes close to Twyford on the west. The living is a vicarage, valued in
the king's books at £12. 12. 8½., and in the patronage
of Lady Mildmay, on the nomination of Emmanuel
College, Cambridge; net income, £213; impropriators,
the Governors of the Hospital of St. Cross. In the
churchyard is an extraordinary yew-tree, and near the
Itchin are two immense Druidical stones. Here was
formerly a Roman Catholic seminary, in which Pope
the poet received part of his education.
Twywell (St. Nicholas)
TWYWELL (St. Nicholas), a parish, in the union
of Thrapston, hundred of Huxloe, N. division of
the county of Northampton, 3 miles (W. by S.) from
Thrapston; containing 232 inhabitants. The parish
is situated on the road from Wellingborough to Thrapston and Oundle, and comprises 928a. 12p.: the river
Nene passes at a small distance on the east. Machinemaking is carried on. The living is a rectory, valued in
the king's books at £9, and in the gift of the Rev. W.
Alington: the tithes were commuted for land in 1765;
there is a parsonage-house, and the glebe contains 250
acres, valued at £350 per annum. Mrs. Chapone, authoress of Letters on the Improvement of the Mind, and
other works, was a native of Twywell.