Upchurch (St. Mary)
UPCHURCH (St. Mary), a parish, in the union and
hundred of Milton, Upper division of the lathe of
Scray, E. division of Kent, 5½ miles (E. by S.) from
Chatham; containing 520 inhabitants. The parish comprises 3553a. 2r. 34p., of which 1277 acres are arable,
731 pasture, 1297 salt-marsh, 61 wood, 94 in orchards
and gardens, and 26 in hop-grounds. It contains also
63 acres of land tithe-free. On the north flows the
Medway, where are Otterham creek and quay, at which
corn is shipped. By a survey made in the reign of Elizabeth, it appears that twelve vessels belonged to the
place. The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's
books at £11; net income, £155; patrons and impropriators, the Warden and Fellows of All Souls' College,
Oxford. The church, built probably in the reign of
Edward III., is a handsome structure, partly in the
decorated and partly in the later English style.
Upend
UPEND, a hamlet, in the parish of Kirtling, union
of Newmarket, hundred of Cheveley, county of
Cambridge; containing 187 inhabitants.
Up-Exe
UP-EXE, a tything, in the parish of Rewe, union of
St. Thomas, hundred of Hayridge, Wonford and N.
divisions of Devon, 6 miles (S. W. by W.) from Collumpton; containing 120 inhabitants.
Upham
UPHAM, a parish, in the union of Droxford, hundred of Bishop's-Waltham, Winchester and N. divisions of the county of Southampton, 3 miles (N. W.
by N.) from Bishop's-Waltham; containing, with the
tything of Woodcott, 581 inhabitants. The parish comprises 2853a. 2r. 36p., of which 1602 acres are arable,
237 pasture, 502 woodland, hedge, and dells, 207 down,
46 orchard, buildings, and homesteads, 218 common,
and 37 highway. The living is a rectory, valued in the
king's books at £11. 2. 1., and in the gift of the Bishop
of Winchester: the tithes have been commuted for £420,
and there are 2 acres of glebe. At Durley is a chapel
of ease. Dr. Edward Young, author of the Night
Thoughts, was born at Upham, during the incumbency
of his father; and the mother of Bishop Heber was also
born in the rectory-house, her father, the Rev. Mr.
Allanson, being the incumbent for about eighty years.
On Stephen Castle down, a barrow was opened in March,
1836, when four skeletons were dug up, parts of which
are preserved at Belmour House.
Uphaven (St. Mary)
UPHAVEN (St. Mary), a parish, in the union of
Pewsey, hundred of Swanborough, Everley and Pewsey, and N. divisions of Wilts, 4 miles (S. W. by S.)
from Pewsey; containing 512 inhabitants. A Benedictine priory, a cell to the abbey of Fontanelle, in Normandy, was founded here about the commencement of
the reign of Henry I., and, at its suppression, was granted
by Henry VI. to the monastery of Ivy-Church, in exchange for lands, &c, in Clarendon Park. The parish
is situated on the road from Devizes to Andover, and is
intersected by the river Avon: it comprises by computation 3287 acres. A market for the inhabitants was
granted by Henry III. to Peter de Mauley; and in the
reign of Edward I., Hugh de Spencer procured a charter
of free warren, and two annual fairs, one of which, as
well as the market, is discontinued. The living is a
discharged vicarage, valued in the king's books at
£7. 16. 8., and in the patronage of the Crown; impropriators, the Provost and Fellows of King's College,
Cambridge. The great tithes have been commuted for
£594. 18., and those of the vicar for £150: there are
nearly 3 acres of glebe. The church was probably erected
in the time of Henry VII.; the nave seems to have
formed part of the priory. Here are places of worship
for Particular Baptists and Wesleyans. About a mile
to the west are the remains of an intrenched camp with
a spacious praetorium, called Casterley, the area of which,
comprising sixty acres, is intersected from north to south
by a broad fosse.
Uphay
UPHAY, a tything, in the parish, union, and hundred of Axminster, Honiton and Southern divisions of
Devon; containing 57 inhabitants.
Uphill (St. Nicholas)
UPHILL (St. Nicholas), a parish, in the union of
Axbridge, hundred of Winterstoke, E. division of
Somerset, 8 miles (N. W. by W.) from Axbridge; containing 400 inhabitants. The parish comprises 1036a.
1r. 12p., and is bounded on the south by the river Axe,
which falls into the Bristol Channel at the village. Its
proximity to Weston-Super-Mare, a fashionable bathingplace, has induced capitalists to purchase a considerable
portion of land in it with a view to erect houses. Stone
is quarried for building and for the roads. The Bristol
and Exeter railway passes through the parish. The
living is a discharged rectory, valued in the king's books
at £11. 7.; net income, £184; patron, John Fisher,
Esq.: there is a glebe of about 30 acres. The old
church, with its central tower, occupies the summit of
a lofty eminence south of the village; a new church has
been erected by subscription. Here is a place of worship
for Baptists. A cave was discovered at Uphill a few
years since, similar to the caves in the same ridge of hills,
at Burrington and Banwell.
Up-Holland, Lancashire.—See Holland, Up.
UP-HOLLAND, Lancashire.—See Holland, Up.
Upleadon (St. Mary)
UPLEADON (St. Mary), a parish, in the union of
Newent, hundred of Botloe, W. division of the county
of Gloucester, 3 miles (E. by N.) from Newent; containing 250 inhabitants. This parish, which takes its
name from the river Leadon, by which it is intersected,
is about two miles and a half from the road between
Gloucester and Ledbury. It comprises by measurement
1109 acres, whereof two-fifths are pasture, about 12
acres woodland, and 43 common or waste; the soil is
chiefly loam, inclining to clay, and the surface level.
The living is a perpetual curacy; net income, £82;
patron, the Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol; appropriators, the Dean and Chapter of Gloucester. The
church has a wooden tower, and a Norman entrance on
the north side.
Upleatham
UPLEATHAM, a parish, in the union of Guisborough, E. division of the liberty of Langbaurgh,
N. riding of York, 2½ miles (N. E. by N.) from Guisborough; containing, with part of the township of Redcar, 329 inhabitants, of whom 209 are in Upleatham
township. This place, in Domesday book written Upelider, was granted by the Conqueror to Hugh, Earl of
Chester, and was afterwards the fee of Robert de Brus.
It descended to the lords Fauconberge, and from them
to the lords Conyers; the Athertons subsequently held
the estate, and among other families that have had possessions here, occur those of Lowther and Dundas. The
parish forms part of the district called Cleveland, and
comprises about 1100 acres; the soil is a rich loam,
and the surface boldly undulated, commanding from the
higher grounds some fine sea views. Freestone of good
quality for building is found in abundance. The village
is pleasantly situated on a declivity. The living is a
perpetual curacy; net income, £80; patron and appropriator, the Archbishop of York, whose tithes have been
commuted for £236. The church was rebuilt in 1836,
at an expense of £450, by subscription, towards which
the lord of the manor contributed £200, the late archbishop £100, and the Incorporated Society £75; it is a
neat structure in the Norman style. There is a place of
worship for Wesleyans.
Uplowman (St. Peter)
UPLOWMAN (St. Peter), a parish, in the union of
Tiverton, partly in the hundred of Halberton, but
chiefly in that of Tiverton, Collumpton and N. divisions of Devon, 4½ miles (E. N. E.) from Tiverton; containing, with the tything of Whitnage, 428 inhabitants.
The parish comprises 2537 acres, of which 49 are common or waste. The living is a rectory, valued in the
king's books at £21. 0. 10., and in the gift of the Rev.
Sydenham Pidsley; net income, £601.
Uplyme (St. Peter and St. Paul)
UPLYME (St. Peter and St. Paul), a parish, in
the union and hundred of Axminster, Honiton and
S. divisions of Devon, 1¼ mile (N. W.) from LymeRegis; containing 1057 inhabitants. The parish comprises 2358a. 3r. 2p., together with about 800 acres of
common, an act for inclosing which was passed in 1841.
Here are some extensive beds of blue and white lias,
replete with organic marine remains, and applicable to
building, paving, or burning into lime. A manufactory
for woollen-cloth is carried on. The living is a rectory,
valued in the king's books at £20. 8. 11½., and in the
gift of the Rev. C. W. Ethelston: the tithes have been
commuted for £450, and the glebe contains 36 acres.
The church, which is a very ancient structure, has been
enlarged.
Upminster (St. Lawrence)
UPMINSTER (St. Lawrence), a parish, in the
union of Romford, hundred of Chafford, S. division
of Essex, 3½ miles (E. S. E.) from Romford; containing
1117 inhabitants. This parish is about seven miles in
length, and one mile in average breadth. It contains
the hamlets of Corbetstye, Upminster-Common, and
Harton; and comprises 3369a. 1r. 36p., of which 1241
acres are arable, 1010 meadow and pasture, 91 woodland, 148 common, and 178 in roads, &c. The surface
towards the north is considerably elevated; the soil in
the uplands is clayey, and in the low grounds light and
sandy. The scenery is enlivened with numerous good
residences and flourishing plantations. The living is a
rectory, valued in the king's books at £26. 13. 4., and
in the patronage of the Trustees of the late J. R. Holden,
Esq.: the tithes have been commuted for £1052, and
there are 23 acres of glebe. The church is a handsome
structure, with a tower and spire; on the north side of
the chancel is a chapel belonging to Gaines Hall. Here
is a place of worship for Independents. Dr. Derham,
author of Physico-Theology, &c., was rector of the parish
from 1689 to 1735.
Up-Ottery (St. Mary)
UP-OTTERY (St. Mary), a parish, in the union of
Honiton, hundred of Axminster, Honiton and S. divisions of Devon, 5¼ miles (N. E. by N.) from Honiton;
containing 991 inhabitants. The parish comprises 5265
acres, of which 1120 are common or waste. Fairs for
cattle are held on March 17th and October 24th. The
living is a vicarage, valued in the king's books at £15.
5.7½., and in the gift of the Dean and Chapter of Exeter.
The great tithes have been commuted for £335, and
those of the vicar for £430; there are 76 acres of impropriate glebe, and 4 of vicarial. The church has been
enlarged. Here are places of worship for Baptists and
Calvinistic Methodists; and at Roridge, in the parish,
was anciently a chapel.
Upper Allithwaite.—See Allithwaite, Upper.
UPPER ALLITHWAITE.—See Allithwaite, Upper.—And all places having a similar distinguishing prefix
will be found under the proper name.
Upperby
UPPERBY, a township, in the parish of St. Cuthbert, Carlisle, union of Carlisle, Cumberland
ward, E. division of Cumberland, 1¾ mile (S. E. by S.)
from Carlisle; containing 471 inhabitants, chiefly employed in the manufacture of linen. The Lancaster and
Carlisle railway passes close by. A church, built by
subscription, was consecrated in June 1846, for the inhabitants of this and other out-townships of the parish.
The venerable incumbent of St. Cuthbert's, the Rev.
John Fawcett, author of some popular family sermons,
was active in promoting its erection. The living is a
perpetual curacy, in the patronage of the Incumbent of
St. Cuthbert's.
Uppingham (St. Peter and St. Paul)
UPPINGHAM (St. Peter and St. Paul), a markettown and parish, and the head of a union, in the hundred of Martinsley, county of Rutland, 6 miles (S.)
from Oakham, and 89 (N. N. W.) from London; containing 2034 inhabitants. The name of this place is
descriptive of its elevated situation. The town consists
principally of one good street, with a square area in
the centre, and is tolerably well paved; the houses are
commodious and well built, and the inhabitants are supplied with water from a spring in the, upper part of the
town. The air, though keen, is pure and salubrious,
and the surrounding country is pleasingly diversified.
The market, granted by Edward I. in 1280 to Peter de
Montford, is held on Wednesday, and is well supplied
with corn and cattle; fairs take place on March 7th and
July 7th, chiefly for horses, horned-cattle, and sheep,
and also for coarse linen-cloth. The powers of the
county debt-court of Uppingham, established in 1847,
extend over the registration-district of Uppingham, and
part of that of Billesden. The town is situated on the
roads from London to Melton-Mowbray, and from
Stamford to Leicester, and is about three miles distant
from the river Welland, which divides the county of
Rutland from Northamptonshire. The lands are on the
lias formation, possessing its peculiar features of long
ridges of low but steep hills separated by fertile valleys.
The soil is of a red appearance; beneath, to the depth
generally of two or three feet, is a shaly red stone, and
under this, as far as it has been worked, either a red
stone, or a blue stone encrusted with red, of variable
thickness, and a very stiff blue clay which makes good
bricks. The red stone is soft and easily worked; the
blue is much harder: both are used for building.
The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at
£20. 0. 10.; net income, £661; patron, the Bishop of
London: the glebe comprises about 265 acres. The
church, situated on the south side of the square, is a spacious structure in the ancient English style, with a tower
surmounted by a lofty spire. There are places of worship for Independents and Calvinistic and Wesleyan
Methodists. The free grammar school (adjoining the
churchyard) and an hospital for poor men were founded
in 1584, by Robert Johnson, archdeacon of Leicester,
and rector of North Luffenham, in this county, who
instituted a similar school and hospital at Oakham,
which see. Many eminent persons have been educated
in the school, including Dr. Charles Manners Sutton,
Archbishop of Canterbury; Lord Manners, late chancellor of Ireland; Dr. Henry Feme, Bishop of Chester;
and Dr. Bramston, Roman Catholic Bishop of the London district. The celebrated Jeremy Taylor was rector
of Uppingham. The poor-law union comprises 35 parishes or places, of which 16 are in Leicestershire, and
19 in Rutland, the whole containing a population of
10,049.
Uppington (Holy Trinity)
UPPINGTON (Holy Trinity), a parish, in the union
of Atcham, Wellington division of the hundred of
South Bradford, N. division of Salop, 4 miles (W.
S. W.) from Wellington; containing 96 inhabitants, and
comprising 747a. 2r. 20p. The living is a donative;
net income, £70; patron and impropriator, the Duke
of Cleveland. The great tithes have been commuted
for £140, and those of the incumbent for £40.
Upsall
UPSALL, a township, in the parish of South Kilvington, union of Thirsk, wapentake of Birdforth,
N. riding of York, 3¾ miles (N. N. E.) from Thirsk;
containing 98 inhabitants. It comprises about 1230
acres of fertile land, and its small village is pleasantly
situated on a commanding eminence east of the road
from Thirsk to Borrowby: a little to the west of it,
flows a tributary of the Cod beck. Here are some remains of a castle of the Mowbrays, which subsequently
became the residence of the Scroop family.
Upsall
UPSALL, a township, in the parish of Ormesby,
union of Guisborough, E. division of the liberty of
Langbaurgh, N. riding of York, 3 miles (W.) from
Guisborough; containing 15 inhabitants. It contains
the hamlets of East and West Upsall, situated near
the source of the river Tame, and on the border of
Barnaby moor. At the time of the Conquest, some land
here was demesne of the crown; and since that date
property has been held by the families, among others,
of Brus, Percy, Conyers, and Jackson. The appropriate
tithes have been commuted for £30, payable to the
Archbishop of York; and the vicarial tithes of the township for £18. 5.
Upshire
UPSHIRE, a hamlet, in the parish of WalthamAbbey, or Holy-Cross, union of Edmonton, hundred
of Waltham, S. division of Essex; containing 853 inhabitants. There is a place of worship for Wesleyans.
Upsland.—See Kirklington.
UPSLAND.—See Kirkltngton.