Winterbourne
WINTERBOURNE, a chapelry, in the parish of
Chieveley, union of Newbury, hundred of Faircross,
county of Berks, 3½ miles (N. N. W.) from Newbury;
containing 337 inhabitants, and comprising 2084a. 26p.
The chapel is dedicated to St. James. The impropriate
tithes have been commuted for £530, the vicarial for
£200, and there is a glebe of 16½ acres. A school is
endowed with £10 per annum.
Winterbourne (St. Martin)
WINTERBOURNE (St. Martin), a parish, in the
union of Dorchester, hundred of George, Dorchester
division of Dorset, 3 miles (W. S. W.) from Dorchester;
containing 422 inhabitants. The parish comprises 3474
acres, of which 100 are common or waste. A market,
granted by Henry III., was formerly held here; and a
fair is still kept on St. Martin's day. The living is a
discharged vicarage, valued in the king's books at
£9. 15.; net income, £73; patron, the Bishop of Salisbury; impropriator, H. Sturt, Esq. The church has a
neat embattled tower crowned with pinnacles. In this
parish is Maiden Castle, one of the strongest and most
extensive Roman camps in the west of England, which,
according to Ptolemy, was the castra æstiva of thegarrison of Dunium, afterwards called Dumovaria, the capital
of the Durotriges. It has a treble ditch and rampart,
inclosing an irregular oval area of 44 acres; the entire
work covers 115½ acres. There are two very intricate
entrances, that at the east end being defended by five,
and that at the west end by six, ditches and ramparts.
Near the former passes the vicinal road leading from
Dorchester to Weymouth, and to the latter extends a
branch from the Via Iceniana, which passes about a mile
north of the camp. The summit commands a prospect
of barrows stretching for many miles along the tops of
the hills southward.
Winterbourne (St. Mary)
WINTERBOURNE (St. Mary), a parish, in the
union of Clifton, Upper division of the hundred of
Langley and Swine head, W. division of the county
of Gloucester, 6 miles (N. E. by N.) from Bristol;
containing 3151 inhabitants. This parish is situated on
the road from Bristol to Oxford, and watered by the
small river Frome. It comprises by admeasurement
3202 acres. There are numerous quarries of stone for
building and the repair of roads; and between 300 and
400 persons are employed in a hat manufactory. Fairs,
chiefly for farmers' live-stock, are held in the spring and
in October. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's
books at £27. 7. 6.; net income, £1187; patrons, the
President and Fellows of St. John's College, Oxford.
The church is supposed to have been built in the reign
of Henry II. A church was erected at the large hamlet
of Frenchay in 1836, which has since been amply endowed; and a portion of the parish having been assigned
to it ecclesiastically, it is now an independent rectory.
There are places of worship for Wesleyans, Independents,
the Society of Friends, and Unitarians.
Winterbourne-Abbas (St. Mary)
WINTERBOURNE-ABBAS (St. Mary), a parish,
in the union of Dorchester, hundred of Eggerton,
Dorchester division of Dorset, 4¾ miles (W.) from
Dorchester; containing 206 inhabitants. The living is
a rectory, with that of Winterbourne-Steepleton united,
valued in the king's books at £13. 17. 6., and in the
gift of Lincoln College, Oxford: the tithes have been
commuted for £240; there is a parsonage-house, and
the glebe contains 88¾ acres. The stream called the
South Winterbourne, which runs through the parish,
rises about a mile to the west, in the vicinity of an ancient British temple, consisting of nine rude stones of
unequal height, placed in a circle, the diameter of which
is 28 feet. Half a mile westward are the remains of a
cromlech, and there are several other erect stones in the
neighbourhood. The parish is supposed to have been
the scene of some remarkable action, from the great
number of tumuli scattered in different directions.
Winterbourne-Anderston, in the county of Dorset.—See Anderston.
WINTERBOURNE-ANDERSTON, in the county
of Dorset.—See Anderston.
Winterbourne-Basset (St. Catherine)
WINTERBOURNE-BASSET (St. Catherine), a
parish, in the union of Marlborough, hundred of
Selkley, Marlborough and Ramsbury, and N. divisions
of Wilts, 7 miles (N. W.) from Marlborough; containing 275 inhabitants. The parish comprises 2000 acres,
and is situated on the road from Bath through Devizes
to Swindon; the soil near the village is a good loam,
and on the rise of the hills appears chalk, with its usual
mixture of flints. Some property here formerly possessed by the Baskervilles has descended to Lord Holland. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books
at £18. 9. 7., and in the gift of Magdalene College, Oxford: the tithes have been commuted for £674. 15.;
there is a parsonage-house, and the glebe consists of 80
acres. The church is a small ancient edifice with a neat
tower, containing portions in the early and later English
styles; it has a handsomely carved font, and in one of the
aisles is a singularly elegant window: the chief monuments are of the family of Baskerville, who long resided
here. Among the various Druidical remains are, a
double circle of rude stones, a barrow surrounded with
large stones, and the supposed site of buildings once
occupied by Archdruids.
Winterbourne-Came (St. Peter)
WINTERBOURNE-CAME (St. Peter), a parish,
in the union of Dorchester, partly in the hundred of
Culliford-Tree, and partly within the liberty of
Frampton, Dorchester division of Dorset, 2 miles
(S. E. by S.) from Dorchester; containing, with the
hamlet of Cripton, 157 inhabitants, of whom 140 are in
Winterbourne-Came hamlet. This parish is situated on
the road from Dorchester to Wareham, and comprises
1500 acres, of which 500 are arable, 600 pasture, and
400 woodland; the soil rests upon chalk and gravel.
The living is a rectory, to which that of WinterbourneFarringdon was united in 1751, valued jointly in the
king's books at £15. 5.; net income, £251; patron, the
Earl of Portarlington. The church was erected about
the year 1640. Here was a small Benedictine nunnery,
supposed to have been a cell to the abbey of Caen, in
Normandy.
Winterbourne-Clenstone (St. Nicholas)
WINTERBOURNE-CLENSTONE (St. Nicholas),
a parish, in the union of Blandford, hundred of
Coombs-Ditch, Blandford division of Dorset, 4¼ miles
(S. W.) from the town of Blandford; containing 96 inhabitants. This parish was anciently more populous
and of much greater importance than it is at present,
having three churches, the livings of which were rectories. A little south of the present church, on the side
of a hill, commences Coombs-Ditch, which gives name
to the hundred, and where courts were formerly held;
it is thought by Dr. Stukeley to have been a rampart
and ditch of the first colony of the Belgæ. The parish
is situated about two miles from the road between
Salisbury and Dorchester, and comprises 1357a. 2r. 29p.,
of which about 274 acres are arable, 447 meadow and
pasture, and 335 woodland. The soil rests upon chalk
and flint, and is in some parts clay, in others a thin
loam. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's
books at £6. 18. 1½., and in the gift of the Pleydell and
Darner families, alternately: the tithes have been commuted for £199. 10.; there is a glebe-house, and the
glebe contains 2½ acres. The church, built in 1839 at
the expense of the lord of the manor, is a cruciform
structure in the early English style, larger than the
ancient edifice on the same site by the addition of a
chancel and north transept; a gallery has been erected,
and the building is ornamented with an east window of
stained glass.
Winterbourne Dantsey or Dannery (St. Edward)
WINTERBOURNE DANTSEY or DANNERY
(St. Edward), a parish, in the union of Amesbury,
hundred of Alderbury, Salisbury and Amesbury, and
S. divisions of Wilts, 4 miles (N. E. by N.) from Salisbury; containing 166 inhabitants, and comprising about
1550 acres. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the
patronage of the Bishop of Salisbury; net income, £80.
The impropriation of the parish belongs to Miss M. A.
Skinner.
Winterbourne, Earls (St. Michael)
WINTERBOURNE, EARLS (St. Michael), a parish, in the union of Amesbury, hundred of Alderbury, Salisbury and Amesbury, and S. divisions of
Wilts, 3¾ miles (N. E. by N.) from Salisbury; containing 221 inhabitants, and comprising about 1612
acres. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the patronage of the Bishop of Salisbury; net income, £34. The
tithes have been commuted for £470, and the glebe
contains 137 acres. There is a place of worship for
Wesleyans. Near the village is an ancient earthwork
called Chlorus Camp, or Figbury Ring, of circular form,
including an area of about 15 acres.
Winterbourne-Farringdon, or St. German's
WINTERBOURNE-FARRINGDON, or St. German's, formerly a parish, now claiming to be extraparochial, in the union of Weymouth, hundred of Culliford-Tree, Dorchester division of Dorset, 2½ miles
(S.) from Dorchester. The living, a discharged rectory, valued in the king's books at £7. 3. 6½., was in
1751 united to the rectory of Winterbourne-Came.
Winterbourne-Gunner, or Cherborough (St. Mary)
WINTERBOURNE-GUNNER, or Cherborough
(St. Mary), a parish, in the union of Amesbury, hundred of Alderbury, Salisbury and Amesbury, and S.
divisions of Wilts, 4 miles (N. E. by N.) from Salisbury; containing 144 inhabitants. It comprises 1506
acres, of which 286 are common or waste land. The
living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £12.
16. 10½., and in the gift of the Rev. C. J. Coleman: the
tithes have been commuted for £214; there is a parsonage house, and the glebe contains 7½ acres.
Winterbourne-Herringstone, in the county of Dorset.—See Herringstone.
WINTERBOURNE-HERRINGSTONE, in the
county of Dorset.—See Herringstone.
Winterbourne-Houghton (St. Andrew)
WINTERBOURNE-HOUGHTON (St. Andrew), a
parish, in the union of Blandford, hundred of Pimperne, Blandford division of Dorset, 4 miles (W. S. W.)
from the town of Blandford; containing 304 inhabitants.
In the reign of Edward II., this place belonged to Hugh
le Despenser, on whose execution at Bristol it escheated
to the crown. The parish comprises about 2000 acres,
of which about 750 are down and pasture, 500 woodland,
and the rest arable: the surface is very hilly, and the
soil chalk, thickly set with flints; good barley is produced, and large flocks of sheep are pastured. The
living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £13.
13. 4., and in the patronage of Mrs. Michel: the tithes
have been commuted for £180; there is a parsonagehouse, and the glebe contains about 100 acres. The
church is an ancient structure, with some remains of
the original rood-loft still in good preservation. Considerable quantities of spar are found in the coppices.
Winterbourne-Kingston (St. Nicholas)
WINTERBOURNE-KINGSTON (St. Nicholas), a
parish, in the union of Blandford, hundred of BeerRegis, Wareham division of Dorset, 6½ miles (S. S. W.)
from Blandford; containing 567 inhabitants. The living
is annexed to the vicarage of Beer-Regis; impropriators.
E. M. Pleydell, Esq., and others. The great tithes have
been commuted for £410, and those of the vicar for
£120. 17. 6.
Winterbourne-Monkton
WINTERBOURNE-MONKTON, a parish, in the
union of Dorchester, hundred of Culliford-Tree,
Dorchester division of Dorset, 2 miles (S. W. by S.)
from Dorchester; containing 91 inhabitants. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £8; net
income, £157; patron, the Earl of Ilchester. An alien
priory subordinate to the priory of West, or de Vasto,
of the order of Cluny, is said to have existed here.
Winterbourne-Monkton (St. Mary Magdalene)
WINTERBOURNE-MONKTON (St. Mary Magdalene), a parish, in the union of Marlborough,
hundred of Selkley, Marlborough and Ramsbury, and
N. divisions of Wilts, 7 miles (W. N. W.) from Marlborough; containing 251 inhabitants. The parish comprises about 2000 acres; the surface is flat, and the soil
in general light. The living is a discharged vicarage,
united in 1747 to that of Avebury, and valued in the
king's books at £5: the tithes were commuted for land
in 1813; the glebe contains 90 acres.
Winterbourne-Steepleton (St. Michael)
WINTERBOURNE-STEEPLETON (St. Michael),
a parish, in the union of Dorchester, hundred of
Uggscombe, Dorchester division of Dorset, 4 miles
(W. by S.) from the town of Dorchester; containing 189
inhabitants. It comprises 1783 acres, of which 565 are
common or waste. The living is a rectory, united to
that of Winterbourne-Abbas, and valued in the king's
books at £10. 4. 7. The church, situated in the middle
of the parish, is ornamented with a stone spire, which,
and that at Iwerne-Minster, are perhaps the only spires
in the county.
Winterbourne-Stoke (St. Peter)
WINTERBOURNE-STOKE (St. Peter), a parish,
in the union of Amesbury, hundred of Branch and
Dole, Salisbury and Amesbury, and S. divisions of
Wilts, 9 miles (N. W. by N.) from Salisbury; containing 328 inhabitants. It is situated on the road from
Amesbury to Hindon and Shaftesbury, and comprises
3500 acres, of down land, forming a part of Salisbury
Plain, and entirely appropriated to pasturing sheep.
The soil is incumbent on chalk and flint. The living is
a discharged vicarage, valued in the king's books at
£11. 2. 8.; patron and impropriator, Lord Ashburton.
The impropriate tithes have been commuted for £131. 9.,
and the vicarial for £220; a rent-charge of £95 is paid
to the Dean and Chapter of Sarum, and the glebe contains between 2 and 3 acres. The church is a fine ancient
structure with a handsome tower; it has been repaired
and repewed, and the chancel rebuilt, at a cost of £350,
by subscription. On the downs are some barrows, and
traces of an ancient encampment.
Winterbourne-Strickland
WINTERBOURNE-STRICKLAND, a parish, in
the union of Blandford, hundred of Pimperne, Blandford division of Dorset, 3¼ miles (W. S. W.) from
Blandford; containing 383 inhabitants, and comprising
2215a. 3r. 18p. The living is a rectory, valued in the
king's books at £16. 6. 3.; net income, £367; patron,
the Earl of Portarlington. There is a parsonage-house,
and the glebe contains about 60 acres. The church,
situated nearly in the centre of the parish, has an embattled tower crowned with pinnacles; it was repaired
about 1716. Quarrelston House, an ancient quadrangular building, formerly the seat of the Binghams, has
been, for the greater part, pulled down at different times
within the last half century.
Winterbourne-Whitchurch (St. Mary)
WINTERBOURNE-WHITCHURCH (St. Mary),
a parish, in the union of Blandford, hundred of
Coombs-Ditch, Blandford division of Dorset, 5 miles
(S. W.) from the town of Blandford; containing 541
inhabitants. It comprises 2866a. 3r. 37p., of which
about 1390 acres are arable, 1198 pasture, and 258
woodland. The living is a discharged vicarage, valued
in the king's books at £7. 16. 10½.; patron, Bishop of
Salisbury; impropriators, E. M. Pleydell, and H. C.
Compton, Esqrs. The vicarial tithes have been commuted for £95. The church is a long narrow edifice,
with a south transept, and a low embattled tower rising
from the intersection, and contains a curious ancient
font. The Rev. Samuel Wesley, father of John and
Charles Wesley who founded the sect of Methodists,
and author of several poems on religious subjects, was
born here during the incumbency of his father, who was
ultimately ejected for nonconformity.
Winterbourne-Zelstone (St. Mary)
WINTERBOURNE-ZELSTONE (St. Mary), a parish, in the union of Blandford, hundred of Rushmore, Blandford division of Dorset, 8 miles (S. by E.)
from Blandford; containing 222 inhabitants. This
parish, which takes its name from a stream, or bourne,
that runs through it only in winter, comprises 823½
acres; the surface is in general flat, and the soil rests
on gravel. Buttons are made to a considerable extent
by the females. The living is a rectory, valued in the
king's books at £13. 11. 3., and in the gift of J. J.
Farquharson, Esq.: the tithes have been commuted
for £239. 18.; there is a glebe-house, and the glebe
contains 32½ acres. The church is ancient, and has a
lofty embattled tower. Here is a place of worship for
Primitive Methodists.