| 1 |
By the Bolton, Turton, &c. Extension
Act, 1898. |
| 1 |
a Subs. R. Lancs. bdle. 250, no. 9. |
| 2 |
Lancs. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lancs. and Ches.), i, 54. It was part of a
composite fee which Richard de Lathom
held—5½ plough-lands in Child wall, &c.,
Harwood being the other plough-land.
Hence each of the parceners should have
been liable for the thirteenth part of a
knight's fee, but in 1302 Harwood was
held as the eighth part of a fee. |
| 3 |
That is, it became divided; one half
descended through D'Ewias to Southworth
and was sold in the 16th century, afterwards passing through several families;
the other half descended to the Hollands,
and was forfeited in 1461, afterwards being
granted to the Stanleys apparently. These
portions of Harwood seem to have been
considered by their possessors as merely
appendages to Breightmet, though the
tenure was quite distinct; thus the Southworths certainly held part of Harwood,
but it is not separately named in the inquisitions; part of Breightmet also was
granted to Lord Stanley in 1484, without
distinct mention of Harwood, though this
must have been included.
As to the Southworths' portion, it will
be seen in the account of Breightmet that
their successors, the Ainsworths and others,
spoke of their manors of Breightmet
and Harwood. In 1655 Alexander Baguley and Katherine his wife sold the manor
of Harwood to William Hulme, founder
of the Hulme charities; Pal. of Lanc.
Feet of F. bdle. 157, m. 50.
As to the other portion, it is on record
that Robert de Holland and Elizabeth his
wife in 1292 secured the third part of a
moiety of the manor of Harwood from
William son of Turcok de Blackrod, and
Maud his wife; Final Conc. (Rec. Soc.
Lancs, and Ches.), i, 169. It does not
appear how the latter pair had obtained
this portion. John D'Ewias and Cecily
his wife put in their claim.
Robert de Holland and Maud his wife
held the sixth part of the manor of Harwood, i.e. the third part of a moiety, in
1322; ibid, ii, 193. The sixth part of
the manor of Harwood was held of the
Baron of Manchester by a rent of 6d. by
Sir Robert, Lord Holland, who died in
1373; Inq. p.m. 47 Edw. III (1st nos.),
no. 19. In 1451 the estate of Sir John
Holland is described as 2 oxgangs in the
vill of Harwood, held of Sir Reginald West,
and worth 33s. 4d.; Lancs. Rec. Inq. p.m.
no. 45–6. The manor of Harwood is
named among the possessions of Thomas,
Earl of Derby, in 1521, but the tenure is
not stated; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. v,
no. 68. It appears from the rental that
tenants at will paid 29s. 3½d. a year, and
that 4d. of new rent was due from one
Peter Greenhalgh, for a house built on the
waste, &c., in addition to 12d. paid to
Edmund Trafford for the same encroachment; Rental of 1523–4 in possession of
Lord Lathom. This looks as if the Earl
of Derby then claimed a fourth part of the
manor and Edmund Trafford three-fourths. |
| 4 |
In 1227 Alexander de Harwood acknowledged the suit of court claimed by
the lord of Manchester; Final Conc. i,
47–8. From a fine of 1241 it appears
that John de Harwood held the half
plough-land of William de Samlesbury, for
he called upon his mesne lord to acquit
him of the suit at the court of Manchester
required by Thomas Grelley; ibid. i, 90.
If John de Harwood were the heir of
Alexander, he would then hold the entire
manor, half immediately of the Grelleys,
and half of the Samlesburys.
In 1278 Alan de Harwood complained
that Richard D'Ewias, Margery his wife,
Robert de Holland, and others, had disseised him of half the manor of Harwood.
The defence was that Richard had gone to
the war in Wales, and that Margery had
wrongly made a grant to the plaintiff; he
showed, however, that the grant was made
by her in her widowhood, after the death
of Robert de Hampton her former husband. The service was 30s. a year until
15 marks had been paid, then 1d. a
year; Assize R. 1217, m. 32b.
This Alan de Harwood may have been
the Alan de Bradshagh who held lands in
Harwood (or Bradshaw) in the time of
Edward I; De Banco R. 345, m. 64 d.
Maud widow of John son of Thomas
de Harwood in 1283 claimed dower in
Harwood and Longworth against Thomas
de Harwood; De Banco R. 50, m. 4.
Cecily daughter of John de Harwood
was a plaintiff respecting a tenement in
Harwood in 1292, the defendants being
John D'Ewias and Robert de Holland,
but was non-suited; Assize R. 408, m.
34 d. This may be an indication that the
Harwood family had ended in several
daughters and co-heirs. The mode in
which the Traffords succeeded is not
known. In the same year John son of
Adam son of William de Radcliffe claimed
a messuage and lands in Harwood against
Henry son of Henry de Trafford; but it
was found that the defendant derived his
title to it from Thomas de Longworth, and
not from Adam de Radcliffe; ibid. m. 70,
15d. Henry de Trafford was defendant
in another suit; ibid. m. 57.
The Traffords held part of the other
moiety of the manor, for in 1306 Nicholas
son of Sir John D'Ewias made a grant of
his land in Harwood to his brothers Roger
and William, the service of Henry de
Trafford being included; Dods. MSS. liii,
fol. 19, no. 37.
In the Trafford inquisitions, their tenement is not called a manor, and was stated
in 1564 to be held of Lord La Warre, by
a rent of 12d. for all services; Duchy of
Lanc. Inq. p.m. xi, no. 11. |
| 5 |
In 1302 Robert de Holland, John
D'Ewias, and Henry de Trafford held of
Thomas Grelley the eighth part of a
knight's fee in Harwood; Lancs. Inq. and
Extents, i, 313.
In 1320 the same names are given as
those of tenants of the eighth part of a fee
in Bradshaw and Harwood, from which
two suits were due to the court of Manchester, also 18d. for sake fee, 18d. for
castle ward, and puture of the serjeants;
Mamecestre (Chet. Soc), ii, 288, 400. A
few years later Robert de Holland and
Thomas de Southworth were said to hold
the plough-land in Harwood; ibid. 260.
In 1473 Christopher Southworth and
Sir John Trafford each held a moiety
of the manor—the Holland holding being
ignored—by the sixteenth part of a fee and
suit of court, also 4½d. for sake fee and
4½d. for suit of court. It will be noticed
that the whole of the knight's service due
and half the sake fee and castle ward are
accounted for; the remainder of these payments was due from Bradshaw; ibid, iii,
479–80. |
| 6 |
Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 51, m.
115. Sir Nicholas Mosley in 1601, stating that he had for fourteen years held the
manor of Harwood, with waste ground and
moor called Harwood Common and Harwood Lee, complained that John Bradshaw and others had entered therein and
filled up a coalpit sunk there at plaintiff's
great cost, and further that John Bradshaw had sunk a shaft on his own land but
also took coals under the plaintiff's land,
caused water to flow into plaintiff's pit,
and took slate, stone, and turf in Harwood;
Duchy of Lane. Plead. Eliz. cciv, M. 4. |
| 7 |
Hulme D. no. 108. The deed recites
the sale of the manor or lordship of Harwood and all messuages and lands in Bolton by Sir Edmund Trafford and his son
Edmund; and the sale of the same in
1612 for £1,100 by Sir Nicholas Mosley
and Sir Edward Mosley to Ralph Higson,
Henry Haworth, Edward Greenhalgh,
Lawrence Horrocks, and Matthew Harrison; and the purchasers in 1615 for £38
sold to Giles Ainsworth certain messuages
and lands in the hands of occupiers named,
and a thirty-fifth part of the moors, commons, &c., belonging to the manor. Another part was soon afterwards sold to John
son and heir of William Brooke; ibid. no.
109. This perhaps afterwards came into
the possession of William Hulme, for in
1664 he leased to William Brooke the
tenement in Harwood then occupied by
the said William Brooke and Margaret
his mother, and previously by John Brooke,
the father of William; the rent was 13s. 8d.
All corn and grain grown there were to
be brought to Oakenbottom mill to be
ground, or 10s. rent was to be paid to
Charles, Earl of Derby; ibid. no. 112.
Edmund Brooke died 2 May 1628
holding a messuage and lands in Harwood
of Edward Mosley; George, his son and
heir, was of full age; Towneley MS.
C, 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.), fol. 70. The Rev.
Samuel Brooke of Dorking, 1698, was a
benefactor to the poor of Harwood; End.
Char. Rep. for Bolton Parish, 1904, p. 10.
Edward Greenhalgh died 14 Nov. 1624,
holding a similar tenement; John, his son
and heir, was about thirty years of age;
Towneley MS. C, 8, 13, fol. 459. |
| 8 |
In the preceding notes it has been
shown that he purchased various parts of
the manor: he included his estate in Harwood in those destined for the benefit of
'four of the poor sort of Bachelors of Arts'
at Brasenose College, Oxford; Notitia
Cestr. (Chet. Soc), ii, 72. |
| 9 |
A charter to Robert de Hampton of
free warren in Allonby in Cumberland,
Formby, Harwood, &c, in Lancashire;
Dods. MSS. cxlix, fol. 55; Cal. Rot. Cart.
(Rec. Com.), 94. |
| 10 |
The land was perhaps partly or wholly
in Bradshaw; q.v. |
| 11 |
This was probably in Sharples; q.v. |
| 12 |
Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xxv, 33. |
| 13 |
Ducatus Lanc. (Rec. Com.), i, 201. |
| 14 |
It had been held by John and James
Crompton, and was purchased by Richard
Goodwin in 1645, together with lands of
Joshua Lomax of St. Albans, and John
Lomax of Harwood; afterwards it came
to James Okey, and in 1790 was the property of James John Heywood, having been
bought from Richard Jones and Sophia his
wife; Bolton Journ. 21 Aug. 1875. |
| 15 |
Land Tax Returns at Preston; the
estate of Brasenose College (or Hulme's
trustees) paid an eighth part of the total. |
| 16 |
The inclosure was brought into consideration in 1781; the Act was obtained
in 1797 (37 Geo. III), and the award made
in 1801; Bolton Hist. Glean. i, 357–8. |
| 17 |
For endowments see Lond. Gaz.
9 July 1867; 16 Nov. 1877; 29 July
1881. It was constituted an independent
parish church in 1857. Its erection was
due chiefly to the efforts of Robert Lomax,
of Lomax Fold, the representative of a
family long resident in the township.
Joshua Lomax of St. Albans, by his will
of 1685, charged his messuage, mill, and
lands in Harwood with certain charitable
payments. |