List of illustrations

A History of the County of Chester: Volume 5 Part 2, the City of Chester: Culture, Buildings, Institutions. Originally published by Victoria County History, London, 2005.

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'List of illustrations', in A History of the County of Chester: Volume 5 Part 2, the City of Chester: Culture, Buildings, Institutions, (London, 2005) pp. x-xv. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/ches/vol5/pt2/x-xv [accessed 24 March 2024]

ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure Page
1 Chester: the city boundaries and neighbouring townships. 2
2 Mayor Harry Dutton beating the city bounds, 1913. Dutton Album: C.P.S., Subjects: Beating the Boundaries (neg. PRINTS/7). 10
3 Parish boundaries: the intramural area, c. 1875. 12
4 Parish boundaries: the outer liberties. 13
5 Parish boundary markers (St. Olave and St. Michael) on the Nine Houses in Park Street, presumably dating from before 1839. Photograph by C. P. Lewis, 2002. 14
6 The south side of the Exchange, c. 1850. Photograph from book in possession of Mrs. L. P. Brown: C.P.S., Northgate St. (slide 65/644). 17
7 The fire at the Exchange, 1862. Illustrated Lond. News, 10 Jan. 1863, p. 52. 18
8 Town Hall, c. 1880. Photograph at C.H.H. (Y 1/1/276). 19
9 The High Cross. C. Hulbert, Ches. Antiquities (Shrewsbury, 1838), plate VI. 20
10 The high sheriff's coach at the Cheshire assizes, early 20th century. Photograph from Ches. Observer. C.P.S., Chester Castle (slide 71/854). 21
11 Cheshire county constabulary headquarters. Photograph by C. P. Lewis, 2002. 30
12 Earl of Chester's Volunteer Fire Brigade, early 20th century. C.P.S., Northgate St. (neg. MISC 6/6). 31
13 Old Northgate and gaol, before 1808. G. Batenham, A Series of Etchings of the Churches, Gates, and Other Parts of Chester [1818?]. 33
14 New city gaol and nearby buildings, 1867 (west at top). Gresty and Burghall's Chester Guide, rev. J. Hicklin [1867], plan. 34
15 Old Bridgegate water tower, before 1782. Engraving by J. Stuart in C.A.S. collection. 36
16 Chester waterworks at Barrel Well, 1852. J. Romney, Chester and its Environs Illustrated (Chester, [1853]), facing p. [47]. 37
17 Gas lamps near St. Michael's church, Bridge Street, 1849. J. Romney, Chester and its Environs Illustrated (Chester, [1853]), facing p. [19]. 42
18 Hackney cabs in Bridge Street, c. 1850. Photograph from book in possession of Mrs. L. P. Brown: C.P.S., Northgate St. (slide 65/639). 44
19 General railway station omnibus in Eastgate Street, 1867. Gresty and Burghall's Chester Guide, rev. J. Hicklin [1867], facing p. 52. 44
20 Horse tram turning from City Road into Foregate Street, probably 1890s. From a postcard: C.P.S., Foregate St. (neg. MISC 7/15). 45
21 Electric tram at the Eastgate, c. 1910. From a postcard in possession of C. P. Lewis. 45
22 Water Tower baths, 1856. Drawn by Alfred Summers, etched by W. Banks for Hughes, Stranger's Handbk. [1856], facing p. 28. 47
23 Union Street baths, 1904. Photograph by Frank Simpson: C.P.S., Union St. (slide 69/283). 47
24 St. Oswald's parish graveyard, south-east of the cathedral, 1830. Etching by W. Batenham for Hemingway, Hist. Chester, ii, facing p. 36. 48
25 Overleigh cemetery, 1867. Gresty and Burghall's Chester Guide, rev. J. Hicklin [1867], facing p. 35. 49
26 Chester infirmary, before 1830. Unattributed engraving in C.C.A.L.S., ZCR 632/1. 50
27 Plans of Chester infirmary: (a) first floor, 1761; (b) first floor, 1830; (c) second floor, 1830. Hemingway, Hist. Chester, ii, facing p. 204. 51
28 A ward in the infirmary, c. 1906. Photograph in J. Williams, The Story of Chester (1907), 273. 53
29 Chester Royal Infirmary, 1964, showing the wards of 1913 with the original 1761 building to their rear. Photograph by P. Nell: C.P.S., City Walls Rd. (neg. N 8/14). 54
30 Original plan of Cheshire lunatic asylum, 1828. Plan by W. Cole for Hemingway, Hist. Chester, ii, after p. 228. 57
31 Seal of St. John's hospital, 1730. Hist. of the Municipal Charities of Chester, 1837–75, p. xli. 59
32 St. John's hospital almshouses. Photograph by C. P. Lewis, 2002. 60
33 Harvie's almshouses, awaiting demolition, 1903. Photograph by Frank Simpson: C.P.S., Duke St. (slide 69/281). 61
34 Badge of John Vernon's charity. Hist. of the Municipal Charities of Chester, 1837–75, p. xlii. 62
35 Green and Wardell's almshouses, Crook Street, 1965. Photograph by E. G. Williams: C.P.S., Crook St. (neg. W 16/11). 64
36 Heavy traffic in Bridge Street, 1930s. Chester City Council Publicity Photograph: C.P.S., Bridge St. (neg. BIRT 10/4a). 77
37 Dee Bridge from the east, 1810s. G. Batenham, A Series of Etchings of the Churches, Gates, and Other Parts of Chester [1818?]. 78
38 Grosvenor Bridge from the west, soon after its opening. Lithograph by L. Haghe after drawing by T. Bailey, copy in C.C.A.L.S. 79
39 Suspension bridge of 1923, from the Groves end. Postcard in possession of C. P. Lewis. 80
40 Queen's Ferry, mid 19th century. J. S. Howson and A. Rimmer, River Dee, 105. 80
41 Carriers' waggons outside the Falcon Inn, Lower Bridge Street, c. 1830. Hemingway, Hist. Chester, ii, facing p. 30. 81
42 Coach outside the Albion Hotel, Lower Bridge Street, 1852. J. Romney, Chester and its Environs Illustrated (Chester, [1853]), facing p. [31]. 82
43 Delamere Street bus station. Photograph by S. Langtree, 1987: C.P.S., Delamere St. (neg. LAN 1). 83
44 New Crane Wharf, mid 19th century. Print by J. and E. Harwood: copy in C.C.A.L.S. 86
45 The Cheese Wharf, 1867 (west at top). Gresty and Burghall's Chester Guide, rev. J. Hicklin [1867], plan. 86
46 Course of the canal along the north city wall, 1867 (west at top). Gresty and Burghall's Chester Guide, rev. J. Hicklin [1867], plan. 88
47 Canal, looking west from waterworks tower, 1957: Steam Mill on the left, leadworks on the right. Photograph by E. G. Williams: C.P.S., Chester (slide 70/654). 89
48 Salt warehouse and timber yard at Cow Lane bridge, 1903. Drawn by Edmund H. New for B. C. A. Windle, Chester: A Historical and Topographical Account of the City, 48. 90
49 Visitors' canal boats at Tower Wharf. Photograph by C. P. Lewis, 2002. 91
50 Train bound for north Wales passing under the north-west corner of the city walls, 1867. Gresty and Burghall's Chester Guide, rev. J. Hicklin [1867], plan. 91
51 General railway station, 1890s. G. A. Audsley, Stranger's Handbk. to Chester (1st edn., 1891), 26. 92
52 Northgate station, 1960s. Photograph in C.H.H. (Y 1/1/519). 93
53 Watergate tollhouse, 1818. G. Batenham, A Series of Etchings of the Churches, Gates, and Other Parts of Chester [1818?]. 95
54 Butchers' shambles west of the Exchange, before 1812. Drawn and etched by G. Batenham, reproduced from T. Hughes, Ancient Chester, no. VII. 96
55 Market traders in Eastgate Street, 1829. Drawn and lithographed by George Pickering: copy in C.C.A.L.S. 96
56 Vegetable and fish markets south of the Exchange, c. 1830. Lithograph by Day and Haghe after drawing by George Pickering: copy in C.C.A.L.S. 97
57 Market hall, 1965. Photograph by E. G. Williams: C.P.S., Town Hall Sq. 97
58 Market hall interior, 1962. Photograph by E. G. Williams: C.P.S., Chester Market (neg. W 20/20). 98
59 Coal Exchange, 1960s. Photograph at C.H.H. (Y 1/1/479). 100
60 Union Hall, 1872. Redrawn from O.S. Map 1/2, 500, Ches. XXVIII.11.18 (1875 edn.). 102
61 Union Hall, 1989. Photograph by Keith Truman: C.P.S., Foregate St. (slide 01/47). 104
62 Dee Mills and fisheries, 1867 (west at top). The small building in the river west of the snuff mills is the salmon cage. Gresty and Burghall's Chester Guide, rev. J. Hicklin [1867], plan. 105
63 Dee Mills, mid 19th century. J. S. Howson and A. Rimmer, River Dee, 114. 110
64 Fishing with bag nets in the King's Pool, 1760. Lieut. Joseph Winder, South-East Prospect of Chester (1760): copy in C.C.A.L.S. 112
65 Fishing with a draft net below the Dee Bridge, c. 1890. Postcard: C.P.S., Old Dee Bridge (neg. MISC 3/31). 113
66 Assay Office, Goss Street. Photograph at C.H.H. 118
67 The Skinners' Houses on the Little Roodee, before 1782. Drawn and engraved by Joseph Strutt, from C. Hulbert, Ches. Antiquities (1838), frontispiece. 120
68 Anglo-Saxon crosses at St. John's church. Drawn by R. John Ellis for J. Williams, The Story of Chester (1907), 57. 126
69 Anchorite's chapel. Drawn by Edmund H. New for B. C. A. Windle, Chester: A Historical and Topographical Account of the City (1903), 32. 127
70 Nave of St. John's church, looking east, 1858. Drawn by T. N. Hutchinson, engraved by J. H. Le Keux for J. H. Parker, Medieval Archit. of Chester, facing p. 4. 130
71 Plan of St. John's. 131
72 17th-century plan of St. John's church and precinct. B.L. Harl. MS. 2073, f. 98. 132
73 Holy Trinity in the late 17th century. B.L. Harl. MS. 2073, f. 91. 133
74 Effigy of John Whitmore (d. 1374), Holy Trinity. J.C.A.S. [o.s.], i, facing p. 357. 134
75 Holy Trinity as rebuilt in 1869. Unattributed engraving in C.C.A.L.S. 136
76 St. Bridget's before 1690. B.L. Harl. MS. 2073, f. 92. 136
77 The new church of St. Bridget. Hemingway, Hist. Chester, ii. 116. 137
78 St. John's from the south-east, c. 1816. G. Batenham, A Series of Etchings of the Churches, Gates, and Other Parts of Chester [1818?]. 138
79 Interior of St. John's, 1855, looking from the north aisle east into the nave. J.C.A.S. [o.s.], i, facing p. 143. 139
80 St. John's from the west, 1855. Drawn by T. N. Hutchinson, engraved by J. H. Le Keux for J. H. Parker, Medieval Archit. of Chester, facing p. 8. 140
81 St. Martin's in the late 17th century. B.L. Harl. MS. 2073, f. 89. 141
82 Medieval wall paintings in St. Mary's, as revealed in 1843. J.C.A.S. [o.s.], i, facing p. 400. 144
83 Tower and porch of St. Mary's in 1641. B.L. Harl. MS. 2073, f. 90. 145
84 St. Mary without the Walls, Handbridge. Drawn by Edmund H. New for B. C. A. Windle, Chester: A Historical and Topographical Account of the City, 70. 146
85 St. Michael's in the late 17th century. B.L. Harl. MS. 2073, f. 91. 147
86 St. Michael's as rebuilt in 1849–51. Photograph by A. F. Kersting. 148
87 St. Olave's in 1690. B.L. Harl. MS. 2073, f. 89. 149
88 St. Nicholas's chapel, 1854. J.C.A.S. [o.s.], i, frontispiece to pt. 3 (between pp. 208–9). 151
89 Doorway to St. Oswald's church in the south transept of the cathedral, 1876. The Graphic, 12 Aug. 1876, p. 149. 153
90 St. Peter's from the south, before 1669. B.L. Harl. MS. 2073, f. 88. 156
91 St. Thomas's chapel, converted into the deanery, before 1788. Drawn by T. Bailey from a sketch by Mrs. Bailey, engraved by J. Evans for Hemingway, Hist. Chester, ii, facing p. 18. 159
92 St. Werburgh's. Photograph by A. F. Kersting. 164
93 St. Columba's. Photograph by C. P. Lewis, 2002. 164
94 Summer house behind Bollands Court, in which Matthew Henry is believed to have studied. J. Romney, Chester and its Environs Illustrated (Chester, [1853]), facing p. [6]. 167
95 Congregational church, Upper Northgate Street. Photograph by C. P. Lewis, 2002. 168
96 Windmill Lane chapel. Photograph by C. P. Lewis, 2002. 170
97 Presbyterian Church of Wales, City Road. Photograph by A. F. Kersting. 171
98 Quaker meeting house and burial ground, 1964. Photograph by A. N. Wright: C.P.S., Frodsham St. (neg. WR 24/19). 174
99 Wesleyan chapel, St. John Street, in 1867 (west at top). Gresty and Burghall's Chester Guide, rev. J. Hicklin [1867], plan. 175
100 Primitive Methodist chapel (built 1888), George Street. Photograph in J. Williams, The Story of Chester (1907), 272. 177
101 Sunday school children at the City Mission Hall, Crook Street, 1958. Photograph by Miss Jacobs: C.P.S., Crook St. (slide 67/1407). 179
102 Catholic Apostolic Church, 1964. Photograph by A. N. Wright: C.P.S., Church St. (neg. WR 25/33). 182
103 Christadelphian meeting room, Egerton Street, 1964. Photograph by A. N. Wright: C.P.S., Egerton St. (neg. WR 15/13). 182
104 Plan of the cathedral. Drawn by Roland W. Paul, 1893. 186
105 Reconstructed plan of the eastern part of the early Romanesque abbey church. R. Gem, 'Romanesque Archit. in Chester c. 1075–1117', Medieval Arch., Art, and Archit. at Chester, ed. A. Thacker, 33. 187
106 One bay of the Lady chapel. J.C.A.S. [o.s.], iii, facing p. 169. 188
107 South aisle of the choir. Drawn by J. Harrison, engraved by O. Jewitt for J. H. Parker, Medieval Archit. of Chester, 22. 189
108 The abbey precinct in 2000. Surviving medieval fabric in black; probable buildings with dotted lines. Drawn by A. P. Baggs. 192
109 Undercroft of abbot's lodging. Photograph in C.H.H. (Y 1/1/95). 193
110 Refectory pulpit. The Graphic, 12 Aug. 1876, p. 149. 193
111 Abbey Gate, looking into the precinct. Bamforth & Co. postcard, published in U.S.A., in possession of C. P. Lewis. 194
112 South-west angle of the cloisters. Drawn and engraved by J. H. Le Keux for J. H. Parker, Medieval Archit. of Chester, frontispiece. 195
113 The cathedral from the south, 1656. Drawn and engraved by Daniel King for King's Vale Royal, [ii], between pp. 20–1. 196
114 Cathedral interior, looking east from the nave into the crossing and choir, 1876. The Graphic, 12 Aug. 1876, p. 149. 198
115 The ruinous cloisters in the early 19th century. Drawn by C. Warren from a sketch by B. Baud; engraved for T. Moule, Winkles's Archit. and Picturesque Illustrations of the Cath. Churches of Eng. and Wales (1836–42). 200
116 House of 1761 on north side of Abbey Square. Photograph by A. F. Kersting. 202
117 Abbey Square after 1761. Drawn by Edward Wright, engraved for C. Hulbert, Ches. Antiquities (Shrewsbury, 1838), plate II. The attribution to Wright is on a loose slip of paper inserted in copy in C.A.S. library, no. 003955. 203
118 Plan of the castle in 1745. By Alexander de Lavaux. 207
119 Chester castle from the outer ward, 1777, showing the great hall (left), inner ward (background), and well house (right). Original drawing by Moses Griffith, engraved for Hemingway, Hist. Chester, ii, after p. 176. 208
120 Chester castle: Harrison's completed scheme for the outer ward. Photograph by Frank Simpson, published in Rare Old City of Chester and the River Dee (1907) [Official City Guide], 23. 211
121 County gaol from the east. Postcard, published by Huke's Library, Chester, in possession of C. P. Lewis. 212
122 Plan of walls and gates. Drawn by A. T. Thacker. 214
123 The New Tower (left), spur wall, and Bonewaldesthorne Tower in the later 18th century. Unattributed drawing in C.C.A.L.S. 216
124 Wishing Steps, 1903. Drawn by Edmund H. New for B. C. A. Windle, Chester: A Historical and Topographical Account of the City, 95. 218
125 Promenading the walls near King Charles's Tower in the 1850s. Drawn by Alfred Summers, engraved by W. Banks for T. Hughes, Stranger's Handbk. [1856], facing p. 22. 218
126 Old Eastgate, before 1768. Engraved for Hemingway, Hist. Chester, i. 414. 219
127 Eastgate, 1930s. C.C.A.L.S. 219
128 Old Northgate, before 1808. Engraved for Hemingway, Hist. Chester, ii. 21. 220
129 Northgate. Photograph by A. F. Kersting. 220
130 Morgan's Mount, 1903. Drawn by Edmund H. New for B. C. A. Windle, Chester: A Historical and Topographical Account of the City, 82. 221
131 Pemberton's Parlour. Photograph by A. F. Kersting. 221
132 Shipgate, before 1828. Drawn by T. Bailey, engraved by J. Evans for Hemingway, Hist. Chester, i, facing p. 368. 223
133 Newgate, 1903. Drawn by Edmund H. New for B. C. A. Windle, Chester: A Historical and Topographical Account of the City, 276. 224
134 Newgate. Photograph by A. F. Kersting. 224
135 The Bars, before 1767. Hemingway, Hist. Chester, i. 427. 225
136 Further Bridgegate before 1784. Drawing by Randle Holme, engraved for Hemingway, Hist. Chester, i. 427. 225
137 Watergate Row South in the later 18th century. Original drawing in C.C.A.L.S. 226
138 Watergate Row North in 1849, showing 13th-century arches spanning the Row. J. Romney, Chester and its Environs Illustrated (Chester, [1853]), facing p. [17]. 227
139 The elements of a typical house in the Rows. Drawn by R. Harris. 228
140 Undercroft at no. 12 Bridge Street, 1849. J. Romney, Chester and its Environs Illustrated (Chester, [1853]), facing p. [21]. 229
141 Access stairs and domestic accommodation in Watergate Row South in 1818. G. Batenham, A Series of Etchings of the Churches, Gates, and Other Parts of Chester [1818?]. 230
142 Row walkway and stallboards in Bridge Street Row West in 1847. J. Romney, Chester and its Environs Illustrated (Chester, [1853]), facing p. [9]. 231
143 Probable extent of the Rows in the Middle Ages. Plan drawn for The Rows of Chester, ed. A. Brown, 30. 233
144 Raised terrace in front of St. Olave's church, 1818. G. Batenham, A Series of Etchings of the Churches, Gates, and Other Parts of Chester [1818?]. 234
145 Bishop Lloyd's House, Watergate Street. Photograph by A. F. Kersting. 235
146 Enclosed Rows in Lower Bridge Street West, c. 1810. Drawn and etched by G. Batenham, reproduced from T. Hughes, Ancient Chester, no. XV (pt.). 236
147 Uniform frontages in Eastgate Street North, c. 1810. Drawn and etched by G. Batenham, reproduced from T. Hughes, Ancient Chester, no. XXII. 237
148 Vernacular revival buildings in Eastgate Street South: nos. 36–38 by T. M. Penson, 1857 (right) and nos. 40–44 by W. T. Lockwood, 1912 (left). Photograph by A. F. Kersting. 238
149 St. Michael's Row as originally built. Photograph by Frank Simpson: C.P.S., Bridge St. Row (slide 69/270). 239
150 Nos. 55–61 Watergate Street. Photograph by C. P. Lewis, 2002. 239
151 Randle Holme III's plan of the nunnery. B.L. Harl. MS. 2073, f. 87. 240
152 Remains of the nunnery, 1727. From Samuel and Nathaniel Buck, The North-West View of Chester Castle. 241
153 Randle Holme III's plan of the Franciscan friary. B.L. Harl. MS. 2073. 241
154 Stanley Palace in 1867. Gresty and Burghall's Chester Guide, rev. J. Hicklin [1867], facing p. 62. 243
155 Hospital of St. John the Baptist (Blue Coat school), 1891. G. A. Audsley, Stranger's Handbk. to Chester ([1st edn.], 1891), 105. 245
156 Chester races, 1753. From an unidentified south-west prospect of Chester, copy in C.C.A.L.S. 257
157 Chester races, between 1830 and 1840. Lithograph by T. Bailey. 258
158 Crowds at the Cross and in Eastgate Street, making their way to the races, c. 1903. Photograph by Frank Simpson: C.P.S., The Cross (slide 69/248). 259
159 New grandstand, built 1988. Photograph by C. P. Lewis, 2002. 260
160 Northgate Arena. Photograph by A. F. Kersting. 261
161 Grosvenor Boat Club members at their boat house. Undated photograph: C.P.S., Subjects (Grosvenor Rowing Club) (slide 71/867). 266
162 Pugilism advertised at the Cross, c. 1820. Drawn and etched by W. Batenham for Hemingway, Hist. Chester, i, facing p. 409. 267
163 The opening gala at Union Street baths, 1901. From a postcard: C.P.S., Union St. (neg. MISC 2/12). 269
164 Albion Hotel, Lower Bridge Street, 1856. Hughes, Stranger's Handbk. [1856], 74. 270
165 Theatre Royal: entrance in Northgate Street, c. 1810. Drawn and etched by G. Batenham, reproduced from T. Hughes, Ancient Chester, no. IV (pt.). 270
166 Music Hall, as refitted in 1855. Drawn by J. Harrison, engraved by J. McGahey for J.C.A.S. [o.s.], i, facing p. 473. 271
167 Odeon cinema. Photograph by C. P. Lewis, 2002. 272
168 Classic cinema, 1964. Photograph by P. Nell: C.P.S., Foregate St. (neg. N 4/4). 273
169 The cathedral organ of 1875. Illustrated Lond. News, 12 Aug. 1876, p. 153. 274
170 Chester Historical Pageant, 1910: morris dancers in episode 7, Midsummer Revels. Photograph by T. Chidley: C.P.S., Subjects (Chester Historical Pageant, 1910) (neg. BIRT 29/8). 275
171 Performance of Chester mystery plays in St. Werburgh Street, 1997. Photograph supplied by Chester City Council. 276
172 Blue Coat school entrance. Photograph by C. P. Lewis, 2002. 278
173 Bishop Graham Memorial Ragged School, Princess Street, in use as Chester City Mission, 1966. Photograph by E. G. Williams: C.P.S., Princess St. (neg. W 21/20). 278
174 Victoria Road British school. Photograph by C. P. Lewis, 2002. 279
175 Technical school at Grosvenor Museum, c. 1906. Photograph in J. Williams, The Story of Chester (1907), 283. 281
176 Chester College, Parkgate Road, with the chapel (left) and College school (right). Chester College Archives. 286
177 Commercial News Room and City Library. Photograph by A. F. Kersting. 292
178 Public library, St. John Street, 1964. Photograph by J. G. McPeake: C.P. S., St. John St. (neg. McP 1/5). 293
179 T. M. Lockwood's design for the Grosvenor Museum, 1884. Original drawing in possession of Lovelock, Mitchell, and Partners, Architects, Chester. 295
180 The Roodee from the west, 1950. C.P.S., Racecourse (neg. MISC 3/2). 299
181 The Groves in 1760. Lieut. Joseph Winder, South-East Prospect of Chester (1760): copy in C.C.A.L.S. 300
182 The eastern end of the Groves, 1856, with the suspension bridge (left). Hughes, Stranger's Handbk. [1856], 120. 301
183 Grosvenor park from the south-east, 1867. Gresty and Burghall's Chester Guide, rev. J. Hicklin [1867], facing p. 59. 302
184 Procession leaving the cathedral during the mayor-making ceremony of 1904. Photograph in possession of Miss M. G. Haynes-Thomas: C.P.S., Subjects (Mayor Making) (neg. H-T 1/11). 320