HAVERSHAM
Havresham (xi cent.); Haveresham, Haversam,
Heveresham (xii–xiii cent.); Horsham, Haresham
(xvii cent.).
This parish contains about 1,623 acres, of which
about 929 are permanent grass, 584 arable, and 6
woods and plantations. (fn. 1) The soil is mixed; the chief
crops are wheat, oats and beans. The highest ground
is in the north-east, where it is about 332 ft. above
the ordnance datum; but on the borders of the
parish, by the Ouse and its tributary, the land is
more than 100 ft. lower and liable to floods.
The viaduct of the London and North Western
railway crosses the south-west of the parish.
The village, which lies in the south-east, consists
of houses scattered along the road from Wolverton
to Little Linford. A group of buildings at the south
end of the village street comprises the church,
rectory and schools. The manor-house with the
remains of a moat lies to the south of the church.
It is a stone house of two stories with a tiled roof, and
dates in part from the last half of the 17th century.
A considerable portion of the house was demolished
in 1792 (fn. 2) and a new wing was added on the northeast two years later. Some of the windows have been
blocked and others altered. In the grounds is a
square dovecote of stone with a tiled roof which bears
the date 1665 and the initials M.T., standing for
Maurice Thompson, who purchased
the manor in the
preceding year.
Near the dovecote
is a fish-pond.
Haversham Grange,
about a quarter of a
mile north-east of
the church, probably represents the
grange of the Abbot
of Lavendon, who
in the 15th century
held a grange called
'Grenesden' at the
rent of a pound of
pepper, payable to
the lord of the
manor. (fn. 3) The present house, a gabled
stone building with
tiled roofs, seems to
have been built in
the early 17th century, the date 1628
with the initials T/TE
appearing on one of
the gables. The plan
consists of a block facing north-west, which contains
the entrance, and a large wing at the south-west.
Some 14th-century details, possibly survivals from
the original grange, are incorporated in the structure.
These include the pointed entrance doorway on the
north-west front, a similar doorway inside between
the main block and the south-west wing, a window of
two trefoiled lights lighting the ground floor at the
north-east end of the house, and a small square-headed
window in the ground story of the south-west wing.
Some Roman remains have been found in the
parish. (fn. 4)
The house of George Martin at Haversham was
licensed for Presbyterian worship in 1672. (fn. 5)
Old field-names include Ruggemore in the 13th
century, (fn. 6) Kytlecrofte, Kachewyn, Shurlok in the 15th
century, (fn. 7) Great and Little Coale Stocking, Woad
Stocking, Ffoulkes Stocking, Foddering Yard and Dry
Closes, in the 18th century. (fn. 8)
An Inclosure Act for the parish was passed in
1764. (fn. 9)
Manors
Before the Conquest the manor of
HAVERSHAM was held by Countess
Gueth, wife of Earl Ralf of Hereford. (fn. 10)
In 1086 it was assessed at 10 hides and was held by
William Peverel himself. (fn. 11) It was afterwards attached
as one fee to his honour of Peverel, and so remained,
the last mention of this overlordship occurring in
1525. (fn. 12)
The Manor House, Haversham
The tenants who held Haversham in the 12th
century took their name from the place. Robert
and Nicholas de Haversham are mentioned in
1174–7. (fn. 13) In 1190 Hugh de Haversham rendered
account of 30 marks for an agreement concerning the
wood of Haversham. (fn. 14) Hugh held Haversham as
late as 1220. (fn. 15) His son Nicholas owed 100s. for relief
for his father's fee here in 1221. (fn. 16) Nicholas de Haversham, who in 1232 was one of the collectors of the
one-fortieth in the county, (fn. 17) held Haversham until his
death about 1251, (fn. 18) when he was succeeded by a son
of the same name. (fn. 19) This Nicholas died in 1274,
leaving a daughter and heir Maud, who was then
only six months old, (fn. 20) and a widow Joan, to whom
dower was assigned in the manor. (fn. 21) In 1274, during
Maud's minority, the bailiff of the king's escheator
was accused of selling the timber and destroying a
fish-pond there. (fn. 22) About this time the custody of
the manor was granted to Queen Eleanor. (fn. 23) Maud
daughter of Nicholas married as her first husband
James de la Plaunche, who was seised of the manor
in the right of his wife until his death about 1306. (fn. 24)
He left two sons: John, the elder, (fn. 25) who seems to
have died young, and William, who afterwards held
the manor. (fn. 26) His widow married John de Olney (fn. 27)
before 1309, (fn. 28) and in 1324 a settlement was made
by which Haversham was to pass after Maud's death
to William de la Plaunche and Joan his wife and
their issue, with contingent remainders to John son
of John de Olney and Maud
de Haversham and his issue, to
John and James sons of John
de Pabenham, the husband
of Joan de la Plaunche,
daughter of James and Maud,
and their issue successively. (fn. 29)
Maud outlived her second
husband, (fn. 30) and died about
1329, when William de la
Plaunche inherited. (fn. 31) He married a second wife, Hawise,
and died about 1335, leaving
a son William, then aged
nearly ten. (fn. 32) Roger Hillary
and John Leghe were guardians in 1346. (fn. 33) In 1347
William died, leaving two daughters Katherine and
Joan, aged four and two, while a third, Elizabeth,
was born after his death. (fn. 34) By 1356 Joan was dead,
Katherine had married William de Birmingham, and
Elizabeth five years later was the wife of John son of
Fulk de Birmingham. (fn. 35) Katherine seems to have
died without issue sometime after 1372, when a
second inquisition was held as to her father's property, (fn. 36) and Elizabeth was seised of the whole by
1389, when she was the wife of John Lord Clinton. (fn. 37)
She afterwards married Sir John Russell, kt., (fn. 38) and
various settlements of the manor were made, it being
at this period invariably in the hands of trustees, and
known as PLANCHES or PLANKUS MANOR. (fn. 39)
She left no issue at her death in 1423, her heir being
William Lucy, the son of Alice, daughter of Margery,
daughter of James son of Joan de Pabenham. (fn. 40) The
manor, however, was claimed under the terms of the
settlement of 1324 by Walter de Strickland and Isabel
his wife, who was the daughter and heir of John de
Olney, son of William, son of John, son of John de
Olney and Maud de Haversham. (fn. 41) Their claim was
upheld, and the manor was quitclaimed to them in
1429 by the trustees of Elizabeth Russell, with reversion, failing Isabel's issue, to Alice Lucy and her issue. (fn. 42)
Isabel died in 1445. (fn. 43) Her son and heir Richard
Strickland was a minor, and the manor was again in
the hands of trustees. (fn. 44) He attained his majority,
however, before his death in 1458. (fn. 45) Since he left
no issue Haversham passed,
under the terms of the fine of
1429, to William Lucy, (fn. 46) as
it was found by inquisition
that Alice mother of William
Lucy had died in 1430. (fn. 47)
William died in 1466, and
his son William, who succeeded
him, (fn. 48) also acquired Dagnall
Manor in Edlesborough and
Great Loughton Manor, with
the latter of which Haversham
descended. During the tenure
of William Lucy, great-greatgrandson of the William who died in 1466, (fn. 49) Richard
Ylshaw, who claimed to hold a lease of Haversham
lordship, was ordered in 1541 not to molest Thomas
Oldney in his possession of the farm of Haversham
lordship until the case between the two was decided. (fn. 50)
William Lucy denied that he had ever promised the
farm to Oldney, as the latter maintained, but was
advised to reflect that, as the king had written to him
in Oldney's favour, it would be well to let him have
the farm and recompense Ylshaw some other way, a
course which he ultimately followed. (fn. 51) Sir Thomas
Lucy, kt., son of William, did not alienate Haversham
with Loughton Manor in 1557, but, with Thomas
his son, (fn. 52) made a settlement of the manor in 1580. (fn. 53)
Sir Thomas's chief claim to fame lies in his alleged
prosecution of Shakespeare about 1585 for deer-stealing in the Lucys' park at Charlecote, Warwickshire,
which led to the poet's immortalizing Lucy in the
character of Justice Shallow. (fn. 54) He made a further
settlement of Haversham in 1594, (fn. 55) and died in 1600, (fn. 56)
his son Thomas dying in 1605. (fn. 57) Thomas, son and
heir of the latter, succeeded to Haversham, (fn. 58) dying in
1640. (fn. 59) He was followed by his eldest son Spenser
Lucy, whose widow, with her second husband William
Sheldon, (fn. 60) quitclaimed the manor in 1653 to Robert
Lucy, (fn. 61) brother and heir of Spenser. (fn. 62) Robert's
brother and male heir Richard held in 1660, (fn. 63) but
appears to have become deeply involved in debt and
mortgaged the property to John Corrance, who held
with others in 1664. (fn. 64) It was
apparently sold in that year
to Maurice Thompson, 'a
Person of mean Extraction,' (fn. 65)
who was sheriff of the county
in 1669, (fn. 66) and died in 1671,
being succeeded by his son
John, (fn. 67) upon whom he had
settled Haversham Manor in
1668. (fn. 68) John Thompson was
created a baronet in 1673, (fn. 69)
and was raised to the peerage
as Lord Haversham in 1696. (fn. 70)
He was member for Gatton,
Surrey, in 1685, and was
among the heartiest partisans
of William of Orange. (fn. 71) He
was made a lord of the Admiralty in 1699, but
resigned two years later, and went over to the Tory
party. As a member of the House of Lords he was
instrumental in making that assembly persistently
reject the Occasional Conformity Bill. In 1705 he
achieved notoriety by moving the address to the
queen urging her to call to England Sophia of
Brunswick, the heir-presumptive. This was in
effect the close of his public career. He died in
1710, and was succeeded by his son Maurice, the
second Lord Haversham. (fn. 72) He held the Haversham
estate (fn. 73) until 1729, when he joined with his daughters
in selling it for £24,500 to Lucy Knightley, (fn. 74) who
was descended, on his mother's side, from the Lucy
family who had previously held Haversham. (fn. 75) He
died in 1738, leaving a son and heir Valentine, (fn. 76)
who was succeeded in 1754 by his son Lucy. (fn. 77)
In 1764 he barred the entail, (fn. 78) and in the same
year sold to the trustees of Alexander Small. (fn. 79) In the
Northants Mercury for September 1764 appeared an
advertisement that Small, as owner of the manor of
Haversham, 'being desirous to preserve the Game and
Fishery in the said Manors (i.e., Clifton, Hardmead
and Haversham) for his own and Friends' Amusement, gives this public Notice, that all unqualified
Persons who shall hereafter be found guilty of disturbing, killing or destroying the Game . . . shall
be prosecuted by the utmost Rigour of the Law.' (fn. 80)
He was at this time about seventeen, and was married,
having one child. He is described in a contemporary
record as 'a great Sportsman and much given up to
amorous Dalliances, as reported, so as to occasion great
Uneasinesses at Home.' (fn. 81) His son Alexander was party
to a deed in 1785, the object apparently being to break
the entail; the son, however, died during his father's
lifetime. (fn. 82) In 1806 Small sold the manor to Roger
Radcliffe and William Greaves. (fn. 83) By a deed of 1815
it was assigned to the latter, (fn. 84)
in whose family it has since
remained, Mr. Thomas Greaves
being now lord of the manor.
De La Plaunche. Argent billety and a lion sable.
Lucy. Gules crusilly with three luces argent.
Thompson, Lord Haversham. Or a fesse dancetty azure with three stars argent thereon and a quarter azure charged with a sun or.
The capital messuage of the
manor is mentioned in 1273
as being worth, with dovecote, grange, garden and vineyard, 30s. per annum. (fn. 85) In
1304 the lord of the manor
received licence to crenellate
his dwelling-place of Haversham. (fn. 86) Part of the dower
assigned to Hawise widow of
William de la Plaunche in
1335 included part of the manor-house—namely, the
great chamber with the chapel at the head of it
beyond the door of the hall, the maids' chamber with
the gallery (oriola) leading from the hall to the great
chamber, the said door into the hall to be shut at the
will of Hawise; also the painted chamber next the
great chamber, with a wardrobe; a dairy-house with
the space between the dairy and the door into the
great kitchen, which door could be shut at Hawise's
pleasure; the new stable with the house called the
cart-house, a grange called the Kulnhouse, a third part
of the dovecote, &c. (fn. 87)
Greaves. Quarterly gules and vert an eagle holding in his beak a slip of oak all or.
A mill was among the appurtenances of the manor
in 1086, when it was worth 8s. and seventy-five eels. (fn. 88)
The water-mill was held with the manor, and is mentioned in many of the deeds and inquisitions relating
to that property. Rentals of the manor in the 15th
century show that Haversham Mill was then invariably
worth 66s. 8d. per annum to the lord. (fn. 89) At this
time there was also a second water-mill in the parish,
called Helwall Mill or the New Mill, where the Prior
of Bradwell had a fishery. (fn. 90) In 1619 two water gristmills existed here, (fn. 91) but only one is mentioned in
1764. (fn. 92)
In 1273 the lord of the manor had a fishery worth
8s. (fn. 93) A free fishery in the Ouse belonged to the
manor in 1278–9 (fn. 94) and so continued, as late as the
17th century. (fn. 95)
A park is mentioned in 1207, when Benedict de
Haversham quitclaimed to Hugh de Haversham all
common of pasture for his beasts which he had or claimed
in Hugh's park. (fn. 96) Nicholas de Haversham received
a grant of free warren in his demesne lands here in
1233, (fn. 97) in virtue of which grant free park and warren
were claimed in 1278–9. (fn. 98) In 1309 the park is referred
to as having been broken into, (fn. 99) but there appears to be
no further record of it, although Sir Thomas Lucy
received a grant of free warren in 1618. (fn. 100)
The estate afterwards known as the manor of
BELAUNEY or BOLNEYS consisted of 90 acres in
1278–9, when it was held by Sir John de Haversham
of Baldwin de Belauney (Bello Aneto), who held of the
main manor. (fn. 101) From 1335 to 1342 the fourth part of
a knight's fee in Haversham was held by Richard de
Belauney and extended at £4 yearly. (fn. 102) In 1369
Walter de Miltecoumbe quitclaimed the fourth part
of Haversham Manor to Fulk de Birmingham, (fn. 103) whose
son John married Elizabeth de la Plaunche (vide
supra). Elizabeth made a settlement of this manor in
1389, (fn. 104) and at her death in 1423 was found to hold the
manor called 'Belneys' under the name of a fourth
part of Haversham Manor. (fn. 105) Under the terms of a
settlement Bolneys Manor remained to John Russell,
clerk, son of Sir John Russell, kt., her last husband, and
his issue. (fn. 106) Robert Russell died seised of it in 1502, (fn. 107)
and his son John sold it to William Lucy in 1533, (fn. 108)
after which this estate doubtless became again amalgamated with the main manor.
Plan of Haversham Church
Church
The church of ST. MARY consists
of a chancel 32 ft. 11 in. by 15 ft. 2 in.,
south chapel continuous with the south
aisle 11 ft. 10 in. wide, nave 40 ft. 3 in. by 17 ft. 9 in.,
north aisle 7 ft. 9 in. wide, south aisle 8 ft. 9 in. wide,
west tower 7 ft. 9 in. by 8 ft. 5 in., and a south porch
8 ft. by 8 ft. 6 in. These measurements are all
internal.
The west wall of the nave, in which is an original
window of the latter half of the 12th century, is the
only surviving fragment of a church of that period,
consisting, doubtless, of a nave and chancel. Before
the close of the century the existing west tower was
added, and early in the succeeding century the chancel
was rebuilt, eastward apparently of the former chancel,
and north and south aisles were thrown out on either
side of the extended nave. The south chapel seems
to have been originally erected at the end of the 13th
century, but it was entirely remodelled in the first
half of the 14th century, when the south arcade and
aisle were rebuilt, the new arcade being placed outside
the line of the original south wall of the nave. Later
in the same century the north arcade was also rebuilt,
and about 1400 the south porch was added. In the
15th century the clearstory was constructed, the pitch
of the original roof being lowered. A restoration
was undertaken in 1857, and again in 1903, when the
tower was thoroughly
repaired. The walls
are of rubble masonry
and the roofs are
leaded.
In the east wall of
the chancel is a 14thcentury window of
three trefoiled ogee
lights with reticulated
tracery in a twocentred head. At the
east end of the north
wall, and probably
contemporary with
the late 14th-century
tomb recess beneath
it, is a window of
two cinquefoiled lights
with quatrefoil tracery
within a two-centred
head. At the opposite
end of the wall is a
window of two elliptical-headed trefoiled
lights with a two-centred head filled with leaf tracery;
the window is of about 1360 and of the same work as
the east and north-east windows of the north aisle.
At the south-east is a square aumbry rebated for a
door, and immediately to the west of it is a piscina with
an acutely pointed chamfered head; the basin appears
to have originally projected from the niche, but has
been subsequently cut back flush with the wall face.
The two windows in the eastern portion of the wall
are insertions of the early 15th century; each is
square-headed and of two lights with ogee heads, those
of the eastern window being cinquefoiled, while the
lights of the western window are trefoiled. Below
the latter is a 14th-century doorway with a two-centred
external head moulded continuously with the jambs.
The remainder of the wall is occupied by a late 13thcentury arch opening to the south chapel; the arch is
two-centred and of two chamfered orders and the
responds are formed of three clustered and engaged
shafts with moulded capitals. The bases have been cut
away, probably for fixing a parclose screen, and the
capitals have also been cut into for the same purpose.
The chancel arch, which was evidently rebuilt in the
14th century, is two-centred and of two chamfered
orders, the outer order segmental and continuous, and
the inner order dying into the plain responds. Externally the eastern angles of the chancel are finished
with angle rolls, and there are dwarf buttresses, with
their outside angles similarly treated, at either end of
the east wall, all work of the early 13th century.
The north arcade of the nave dates from about
1360 and is of three bays with two-centred arches of
two chamfered orders carried by octagonal columns
with moulded capitals and bases. The inner order
springs from semi-octagonal responds at either end
of the arcade, the outer order being continuous. On the
nave face the arches are inclosed by labels terminating
in volutes over the east and west responds, and having
head-stops over the columns. The south arcade is of
the same number of bays, and has arches and columns
of the same form, but the capitals and bases are of an
earlier and more refined section, and there are no
labels. The inner order is carried upon the east
respond by a moulded corbel with a 'liripipe'-like
termination. To the south of the chancel arch is a
large late 14th-century niche with a subfoliated trefoiled head, which probably contained the painted
reredos of a nave altar; immediately to the south of
it, beneath the respond corbel of the south arcade, is
a smaller and narrower niche with a cinquefoiled head
and foiled spandrels, doubtless connected with the
same purpose. High up in the west wall, above
the tower arch, is the 12th-century window above
referred to, a small round-headed light with wide
internal splays, and a round rear-arch moulded with
an angle roll and inclosing cheveron continued upon
the edges of the jambs. The 15th-century clearstory
windows, three on either side, are all square-headed,
and each is of two cinquefoiled lights, the heads of
the lights of the south-east window being square.
The east and north-east windows of the north aisle
are similar to the north-west window of the chancel,
and, like it, are coarse copies of the beautiful south
windows of the opposite aisle and chapel. In the
middle bay of the north wall, visible only externally, is a blocked early 13th-century doorway with a
chamfered two-centred head springing from defaced
impost mouldings and inclosed by a label. At the
west end of the wall is a small lancet of the same
period with an external glass rebate and a flat internal head with widely splayed jambs. In the west
wall is a similar but smaller lancet. The diagonal
buttresses at the eastern and western angles of the
aisle are probably additions of the 14th century.
The east window of the south chapel is squareheaded and of three lights; the opening may be of
the 14th century, but the head and mullions are
evidently late work, probably of the 17th century.
The south window, which is of two trefoiled lights
with leaf-tracery in a two-centred head, is valuable
as an example of the very best type of 14th-century
design. The grotesque stops of the external label
are specially noteworthy for the delicacy of their
carving. In the east jamb is an angle piscina with
two ogee-headed trefoiled openings, each inclosed by
a moulded label; the basin is now covered by the
raised floor upon which the organ stands. The windows in the first and third bays of the continuous
south aisle are of the same design, but their labels are
without carved stops. Immediately to the west of
the buttress which marks the junction of the aisle
and chapel is a small blocked 14th-century doorway
with a two-centred external head inclosed by a
moulded label and moulded continuously with the
jambs. The south doorway in the middle bay of
the wall has a head of the same form, and is of two
continuously moulded orders. In the west wall is an
early 13th-century lancet with a moulded external
label. The small narrow buttress at the junction
of the aisle and chapel is of a different character from
those at the east and west angles, and is probably
contemporary with the original building of the
chapel. The masonry of the walling round the south
window of the chapel has been greatly disturbed,
probably when the window was inserted, and a large
modern buttress has been erected to the east of the
window, where the wall bulges considerably.
The south porch appears to have been almost
entirely rebuilt at some period with the old materials,
as all the detail looks as though reset. The outer
entrance has a chamfered two-centred head, and in
the east wall is a small trefoiled light with a fragmentary square label above it.
The late 12th-century tower arch is two-centred
and is recessed in two plain orders on the nave side.
The impost mouldings from which it springs, and
the label, are restored. The ground stage is lighted
from the north by an original lancet; the window
in the south wall now has a square head, but the
opening is probably original. Externally the tower
rises in three receding stages and is crowned by an
embattled parapet. The intermediate stage has no
windows, but the bell-chamber is lighted from each
side by a window of two round-headed lights contained within an external order with an unpierced
head of the same form.
The roofs are modern. The font is of the late
14th century, and has an octagonal bowl and stem
with panelled sides. Fifteen 16th-century seats and
two desk fronts are preserved in the nave. In the east
window of the south chapel are some fragments of
15th-century glass. The pulpit, and a communion
table in the south chapel, are of the 17th century.
At the north-east of the chancel is a remarkably
fine alabaster tomb and recess of the late 14th century. (fn. 109) Upon the tomb, which projects slightly from
the recess, is a recumbent female effigy wearing a
coverchief upon the head and a pleated widow's barbe;
over her dress is a sideless côte covered by a long
mantle fastened across the breast by a cord from which
hangs a tassel. The hands are joined in prayer, and
the head rests upon a pillow held up by angels, while
at her feet is a lion. The cornice of the tomb is
enriched with four-leaved flowers, and the front has
six panels with trefoiled heads, separated from each
other by small pinnacled buttresses and having leafcarved spandrels. The two middle panels contain
male 'weepers' in the civil dress of the period, while
in the remaining panels on either side are angels
holding blank shields. The head of the recess is
formed by a large two-centred arch, continuously
moulded with the jambs, and having pierced cinquefoiled cusping, each foil of which is subfoliated. The
arch is inclosed by a crocketed ogee canopy, flanked
by panelled and pinnacled buttresses, and rising above
the sill of the window over the recess. On the south
wall of the chancel is a brass, with a figure, commemorating Alice Payn (d. 1427). The inscription is as
follows: 'Hic iacet Alicia Payn Nuper uxor Thome
Payn | Armigeri que obiit in die Commemoracionis
animarum | anno dñi m°cccc°xxvij cujus anime propicietur deus Amen.' In the chancel floor is a brass
commemorating John Mansell (d. 1605–6). The
brass is engraved with a skeleton lying in a coffin, and
two shields, both bearing a cheveron between three
maunches with a crescent for difference. The following is the inscription: 'Here resteth the body of
Iohn Maunsell Gent: | who departed this life the
25th of Ianuarye | 1605 when he had lived LXVI
yeeres fower | moneths and five dayes whose Christian
life | and godly end god graunt us all follow.' On
the north wall of the chancel is a tablet to Anne
Mackerness (d. 1765), and to her husband, John
Mackerness, rector of Haversham (d. 1775).
There is a ring of three bells: the treble by
Anthony Chandler, 1667; the second, inscribed
'God Save Our King 1625 I.K.,' by James Keene;
and the tenor by the same and bearing the same
inscription, but with the date 1638. There is also
a sanctus bell dated 1752.
The plate includes a cup and cover paten of
1569, a plated cup and paten and a modern flagon.
The earliest surviving volume of registers contains baptisms from 1665, marriages from 1685, and
burials from 1670.
Advowson
A presentation to Haversham
Church was made in 1221 by the
lord of the manor, (fn. 110) to which the
advowson remained attached until the 19th century. (fn. 111)
In 1828 Alexander Small's trustees presented Henry
Alexander Small, (fn. 112) who afterwards obtained the patronage, holding until about 1856. The Rev. A. B. Frazer
then became both incumbent and patron, and so
remained until 1889, when the Rev. B. L. Symonds
obtained the living and is now the patron.
In 1309 the parson of the church complained that
the lord of the manor and others had assaulted and
imprisoned him, and had forbidden the inhabitants
of the parish to give him tithes, fire or water, or to
speak to him, and had also greatly damaged his lands,
crops and cattle. (fn. 113) A later rector, in 1357, received
pardon for having killed William Golde, bailiff of
Newport Pagnell, in self-defence. (fn. 114)
A rent-charge for the support of a light in the church
is mentioned as early as the 13th century. (fn. 115) In the
16th century it was found that land worth 3s. per
annum had been given for this purpose. (fn. 116)
There do not appear to be any endowed charities
subsisting in this parish.