CRAYKE
Crec (fn. 1) (vii cent.); Creic (xi cent.); Crech (xii
cent.); Creyk, Craike (xiii cent.); Crake, Crayk
(xiv cent.).
The most elevated point in this parish is the hill
on which Crayke Castle stands, which is 379 ft.
above ordnance datum. Thence the land slopes
downwards especially to the plain of York, which
lies to the south. Near Manton Bridge the elevation
is only 123 ft.
The parish lies on Upper, Middle and Lower
Lias. It covers an area of 2,876 acres, of which
1,426 acres are arable land and 1,155 acres are laid
down to grass, while 51 acres are woodland. (fn. 2)
The parish was until the 19th century part of the
county of Durham. In 1832 it was united to
Yorkshire for Parliamentary purposes, (fn. 3) and in 1844
it became for all purposes part of that county. (fn. 4) In
1837 it was transferred by Order in Council from
the diocese of Durham to that of York and to the
archdeaconry of Cleveland. (fn. 5)
The village lies along a mediaeval road from York
to the north by way of Coxwold, Thirsk and
Northallerton and just to the north of the great
forest of Galtres.
Crayke village is picturesquely situated on the
southern slopes of the steep Castle Hill. The
cottages, of varied form and diversified outline, are
scattered irregularly along either side of the main
street, which forks some distance below the church.
Several cottages present features of some antiquity
and two are half-timbered. One of these fronts on
to the village green and bears the inscription 'May 14.
1613 Tho (fn. 3) Johnson' cut on the lintel of the door.
The second example stands on the Easingwold road
and is of similar character and date. The new
Wesleyan chapel has an ancient crowned shield,
bearing the sacred monogram, built into the front
wall. It was probably brought from Marton Priory.
Half a mile below the village, on the Brandsby
road, stands Wyndham Hall, now known as Crayke
Manor. The original house has been largely added
to by the present owner, Mr. Stephen Cliff, but the
old building is still standing intact. It is rectangular
with a projecting porch on the south side, a common
type amongst the small manor-houses of this part of
the country. The house is two stories high and
lighted by three-light mullioned windows with stone
labels over them on the first floor and similar windows
with pediments on the ground floor. The porch has a
semicircular keyed arch flanked by flat pilasters much
weathered, and above it is a small room retaining
its original oak panelling. The gable of the porch
projection has a circular panel in the centre. The
interior of the house has been largely remodelled
and the present owner has inserted a considerable
quantity of ancient panelling of excellent design
brought from Howley Hall, near Morley. Some of
the original panelling, however, remains in the dining
room, and the staircase to the attics retains its original
flat pilaster balusters. On a boarded partition in the
roof are some remains of a painted design. The
house apparently dates from the early years of the
17th century.
Plan of Crayke Castle
It is probable that there was a castle of Crayke in
the time of Hugh Pudsey. That bishop supped at
Crayke in 1195, as he was travelling from Durham.
He was afterwards taken ill, and with difficulty was
able to ride on to Howden, where he died. (fn. 6) King
John was at Crayke in 1209, (fn. 7) 1210–11, (fn. 8) and 1211, (fn. 9)
Henry III in December 1227, (fn. 10) Edward I in
August 1292, (fn. 11) Edward II in October 1316, (fn. 12)
and Edward III in April 1333. (fn. 13) Bishop Kellaw in
1314 held a council there. (fn. 14) Leland found at Crayke
'smaul shew of any old castel that hath beene there.' (fn. 15)
In April 1646 (fn. 16) and in February 1647 (fn. 17) the House
of Commons ordered that Crayke Castle should be
rendered untenable and no garrison maintained in it.
It was probably suffered to fall into ruins after the
consequent dismantling. The property sold by the
trustees in 1648 included the capital messuage, manor
or mansion-house called Crayke Castle. (fn. 18)
The remains now existing of Crayke Castle occupy
the summit of a hill of some height: as the site is
the most southerly outpost of the hill country it
commands magnificent views in every direction. The
castle was one of those slightly fortified houses constructed by the mediaeval bishops which present few of
the features of the ordinary castle. It consists of
two distinct and self-contained buildings lying some
70 ft. apart. Of these the more southerly has been
restored within recent years and made habitable and
is now, with some additions, used as a shooting box,
while the other is a complete ruin. The valuable
documentary evidence bearing on the buildings of
the castle has been collected by Canon Raine and
is printed in the report of the Associated Architectural Societies, (fn. 19) and from this a fair idea may
be formed of the extent of the structure in its completeness. Its most unusual feature is the former
existence side by side of two complete blocks, each
consisting of hall, great chamber and offices. There
is little doubt that the summit of the hill was surrounded by a wall entered by a gate-house situated
on the south side near the site of the present gate
into the grounds,
and referred to in
a survey of 1560–
70 as being even
then ruinous. The
ground falls away
rapidly on the
western side of the
castle site, and on
this side the earliest
buildings were
erected. At the
western end stood
a hall referred to
in 1441 as 'the old
hall' and adjoining
it on the west were
the buildings forming the restored
portion of the castle.
Of the old hall itself only a fragment
of the south wall of
uncertain date remains. The restored building consists of two structures
with the remains of a third and may be identified
from the documents quoted by Canon Raine as the
great chamber, the kitchen and the great tower. The
great chamber is a massive rectangular building
externally 70 ft. 9 in. by 28 ft. 4 in., and apparently
dating from the early years of the 15th century. It
is four stories high, the walls being set back slightly
at each stage. An embattled parapet is carried round
the whole building, and at either end rise small
square turrets also embattled. The building is now
divided up by modern partitions, so that little trace
of the original arrangement is left. The chief
entrance, however, was by a pointed arch at the north
end of the west face, on the first floor level and now
blocked up, and a second smaller door gave entrance
to the ground floor in the centre of the north wall.
The ground floor was originally one apartment and
still retains its oak ceiling divided up by plain ribs
with the angles hollow chamfered. Portions of the
floors and roofs of the stages above are also ancient.
The walls, some 5 ft. thick at the base, are pierced by
numerous single-light square-headed windows irregularly placed and considerably restored. Adjoining the
great chamber on the west was the kitchen erected
by Bishop Nevill in 1441, of which the building
accounts are still extant. It is there described as lying
between the great chamber and the old hall, thus
fixing the position of the latter structure. The
kitchen with its two large ranges and larder has
now entirely gone, and only the vaulted undercroft
remains standing. It is a large apartment 45 ft. 10 in.
by 19 ft. 6 in., entered by the original doorway in
the centre of the north wall. The roof is a massive
pointed barrel vault of stone supported on parallel
ribs square in section, 18 in. wide and 21 in. apart.
In the south-west angle a vice led up to the kitchen
and probably to the upper
stories of the adjoining tower.
It has now been cut through
to form an entrance. Of the
tower nothing now remains
but the base of the walls (internally 19 ft. 5 in. by 12 ft.),
much cut about and altered.
The Elizabethan survey quoted
by Raine records that it was
five stories high, and it is
probably the 'great tower'
referred to by Leland as having
been built by Robert Nevill,
Bishop of Durham from 1438
to 1457. (fn. 19a)
The second block of buildings lies a short distance to
the north-east of that just described. It must be assigned
to the second half of the 15th
century, and is described in
the Elizabethan survey as
'The New Tower—the castle
of Crake is buylded of harde
stone, the walles wherof v fote
thicke; the same is all vaughted underneth throughout and is thre storie height above the vaught. This
house is all covered over wt leade and in reasonable
good reparacion. The grounde worke of the house
or story wherin the hall is, is about xl fote longe and
xxvij fote wyde on the owtesyde, and the house or
story wherin the parler is, is xlij fote longe and
xxxiij fote wyde on the owtesyde. Ther is at the
entrye into the castle a high porche of xv fote one
way and ix fote another waie wt lodginges over it
covered wt leade, and a newe strong grate dore of
iron at the entryng in at it.' The survey is accompanied by a line plan giving dimensions, which is of
great value as showing the parlour, which has now
completely vanished. Of the hall itself little save
the south-east angle remains standing. It was, however, approximately 38 ft. or 39 ft. long by 21 ft. wide
with screens at the south end entered by a porch on
the west side. This latter still remains standing, the
hall door having a large pointed arch still intact.
Each side was pierced with a single window opening
and the porch was covered with a ribbed vault of
stone, of which the springers remain. To the north
of this is a small projection inclosing a stone stair
leading down to the substructures. Those under the
hall were three in number; the largest beneath its
southern end retains its rough barrel vault intact with
an open arch at the east end formerly communicating
with the cellar beneath the parlour. Remains of a
door and staircase exist in the south wall. Three
doors open from it into as many smaller vaults which
are under the porch and two under the northern end
of the hall. In both the latter the roof has partially
collapsed, and in the more westerly a small garderobe
is built in the thickness of the north wall. A small
window in the west side of the same apartment has a
shouldered head. A flat meadow lying between the
castle and the church was apparently the site of
the great barn, of the existence of which there is
documentary evidence.
Crayke Castle: The Great Chamber
Edward Churton, theologian and Spanish scholar,
was rector of Crayke from 1835 to his death in
1874. (fn. 20) Hannah Diana, daughter and heiress of
Thomas Bowman, rector, married the missionary
and poet Thomas Whytehead, who lived from 1815
to 1848. (fn. 21) She inherited a house a little to the east
of the church, built in the 18th century by John
Bowman, who died in 1799. In 1852 it was the
property of Henry Yates Whytehead, M.D., and
the land appurtenant to it then constituted the chief
estate in the parish next to the manor. (fn. 22)
It is said that there were a considerable number of
Quakers in Crayke in the time of the Commonwealth
and subsequently, but most of the community conformed between 1690 (fn. 22a) and 1767, and the last of
them died as a member of the Church of England
shortly before 1852. An old Roman Catholic chapel
had at that date been converted to other purposes, after
several years of disuse. There was a small Wesleyan
chapel in the village. (fn. 23) It has now Wesleyan and
Primitive Methodist chapels.
There is mention of Crayke Park from the early
13th century. In 1229 the king granted the bishop
a deer-leap in it 140 ft. long. (fn. 23a) It was well stocked
with timber and with deer, and there are frequent
references to the grant of trees, to poaching and the
appointment of keepers of the park throughout the
13th, 14th, 15th and 16th centuries. (fn. 24) In 1619 the
tenants declared there was in the manor a large piece
of woody ground or pasture called Crayke Park,
although the same had never been used as a park but
had always been used by the tenants for depasturing
their cattle and sheep. (fn. 24a)
Among names of places which occur in grants of
land in Crayke held of the bishop are Langthwayt
and Ketelsgat in 1313, (fn. 25) Dowcot Place, evidently the
site of a dovecote, in 1379–80, (fn. 26) and Scawtwayte in
1545. (fn. 27) Place-names within the manor in 1648
were Castle Garth, Hall Field, Nyne Penny Piece,
Fower Megge Flatte, Heather Intacke, Low Inge,
Crooke Inge, Fosse Flatt, Newe Close, Two Sam
Peeces, Slee Close, Great and Little Hagg Inge,
Weight Land, Bulpitt, Mart Gate Inge, Oxeclose,
Sir Richard Close, Overfossette, Claude, Fetherstons
and Cow Close. (fn. 28)
Manor
The vill of CRAYKE, according to the
evidence of Symeon of Durham (fn. 29) and of
a charter not perfectly authenticated, (fn. 30)
was granted to St. Cuthbert and his successors,
Bishops of Lindisfarne, in 685, together with the
country around it within 3 miles, by Ecgfrith of
Northumberland, advised by Archbishop Theodore,
as the site of a house in which to rest on journeys to
and from York. There was a tradition that Cuthbert
founded a monastery at Crayke, (fn. 31) which still existed
in 883, (fn. 32) but the story possibly originated only in
the application of the word 'monasterium' to the
episcopal household. In any case, however, Crayke
was probably regarded as holy, for it was the place of
settlement of an anchorite, Etha, who died there
'happily' in 767. (fn. 33) In 867 Ella, King of Northumberland, took Crayke from St. Cuthbert's Church and
himself dwelt there in the bishop's stead. Thence
he went to fight the Danes in the battle in which he
was killed. (fn. 34) Symeon of Durham relates that in 883
the bishop and his people, who had been expelled
from Lindisfarne, came with the body of St. Cuthbert
to Crayke Monastery, were kindly received by the
Abbot Geve, and remained for four months. (fn. 35) This
story presupposes not only the doubtful existence of
the monastery, but also that such had not been interrupted by Ella's spoliation or had since its occurrence
been resumed. Of these facts a tale so legendary in
form is not sufficient evidence. Between 966 and
992 Earl Thured, according to a charter of which a
12th-century copy is extant, regranted 2 hides of
land in Crayke to the church of St. Cuthbert in
Durham, (fn. 36) and probably thus restored possessions lost
since 867. In the Domesday Survey it is said that
there were 6 carucates of land in Crayke for geld,
and that four ploughs could be there. Bishop Alwin
or Aldhun, who died in 1018, had held all the land
as one 'manor.' In 1086 Bishop William had one
plough on the demesne and his nine villeins had
three ploughs. (fn. 37)
Bishopric of Durham. Azure a cross or between four lions argent.
From this date until modern times Crayke was an
episcopal possession save for a few years under the
Commonwealth. When the
see was vacant in 1197 the
vill rendered £4 3s. 4d. (fn. 38) It
was confirmed to the bishop
by King John in 1200. (fn. 39) In
the reign of Edward I the
bishop pleaded that he held
his manor of Crayke in virtue
of Ecgfrith's grant, so freely
that neither the king nor his
ministers had ever exercised
any rights within it. This is
a statement of the position of
Crayke as part of the county
palatine of Durham, having
all the peculiar liberties of
that territory. The bishop further asserted that
the manor of Crayke was surrounded by ditches and
other certain metes and bounds. (fn. 40) From a perambulation made in 1316 it appears, however, that a part
of Crayke Park was included in the royal forest of
Galtres, and was therefore outside the bishop's jurisdiction. The boundary of the forest was said to be the
hedge of the park as far as the place where the latter
was entered by the River Foss, and thence down that
stream through the midst of the park. (fn. 41) There is no
other evidence of an excepted territory in Crayke.
In 1346 the king ordered the treasurer and barons
of the Exchequer to inspect the rolls and memoranda
in their charge and to supersede a demand for a
ninth made on the men and tenants of Crayke in
Yorkshire, if they found that that town and its
inhabitants were of the liberty of the Bishop of
Durham and had always been quit of all aids granted
by the commonalty of the realm. The bishop had
shown the king that they enjoyed such quittance as
being within his liberty and bishopric, but the
Sheriff of York was none the less distraining them for
the ninth. (fn. 42) At the Dissolution the see of Durham
derived annually £47 2s. 0½d. from the site of Crayke
Castle and various rents and farms. (fn. 43) Leland states
that the lordship was 7 miles in circumference. (fn. 44)
Queen Mary regranted it with the manor to the
bishop in the January of the first year of her reign. (fn. 45)
In 1648 Crayke was sold by the Parliamentary trustees
for the sale of the possessions of archbishops and bishops
to Sir Thomas Widderington, kt., serjeant-at-law, of
York, and Thomas Coghill, citizen and draper, of
London. (fn. 46) It reverted to the see of Durham at the
Restoration. In 1827 an Act of Parliament enabled
Bishop Van Mildert, who wished to buy an estate
adjacent to his domain at Auckland, (fn. 47) to sell it to
Richard John Thompson of Kirby Hall, who a few
years later sold it to William Waite of Holdgate, near
York. (fn. 48) In 1827 it contained more than 878 acres
of land. (fn. 49) In 1890 it was in the possession of his
son Captain William Waite, but it has again been
sold, and Mr. Stephen Cliff is the present lord of the
manor.
In 1448–9 the bishop granted a lease of forty
years in Crayke Manor, for a yearly rent of £40 and
certain fees due to the steward and parkers, to Robert
Kelsey. (fn. 50) In 1586 a lease of the manor and all
its appurtenances for eighty years, at a rent of
£51 1s. 11½d., was acquired by Queen Elizabeth, (fn. 51)
and she in March 1587–8 granted a lease of it for
twenty-one years to Sir Francis Walsingham, who in
the same year sold his interest to John Theker. (fn. 52)
From this time there was a succession of lessees and
sub-lessees of the manor. Sir Edmund Duncombe and
Hester his wife, lessees, (fn. 53) granted a lease of nineteen
years, at a rent of one grain of pepper, to Sir William
Allenson, kt., clerk of the hanaper, in 1648, (fn. 54) but
such conveyance may have been formal only. Richard
John Thompson, afterwards purchaser of the manor,
held it on a lease of three lives from May 1820. (fn. 55)
A water corn-mill was part of the property in
Crayke sold by the trustees in 1648. (fn. 56) The mill
was sold with the manor under the Act of 1827. (fn. 57)
At the former date a common bake-house in the
parish was appurtenant to the manor. (fn. 58)
Church
The church of ST. CUTHBERT at
Crayke is a small building consisting of
chancel, nave with north aisle, tower
and south porch, standing at the head of the village,
just below the summit of the hill. The church seems
to have been rebuilt in the 15th century. (fn. 59)
The chancel (25 ft. 8 in. by 19 ft.) is a 15th-century
building lighted by a three-light east window with
cusped heads under a depressed arch, and in the side
walls three two-light windows of similar character,
one in the north and two in the south wall. Between
the latter is a small doorway. Running up one of
the mullions of the east window on the outside is an
inscription in Lombardic characters still legible, reading—'[pie mem]orie nicolai recto[r] ecc[lesi]e de crec.'
The chancel is covered with a 15th-century tie-beam
roof in three bays with curved supports against the
walls, springing from moulded wood corbels. The
chancel arch of the same date is formed of two chamfered
orders dying into plain square responds. Across the
arch is a poor 15th-century rood screen of oak having
a doorway with cusped and carved head and the sides
divided by mullions into five compartments with
traceried heads. The beam has a plain hollow on
each side, but the screen generally is more enriched on
the eastern face. Within the sacrarium are two good
chairs dating from the middle of the 17th century,
with winged angels at the back.
The nave (47 ft. 5 in. by 26 ft. 6 in. or with the aisle
43 ft. 9 in.) is similar in character and date to the
chancel and is lighted by two-light windows with
depressed heads. The north aisle of three bays is
a modern addition, but a considerable quantity of
the old materials, including some of the windows,
were apparently reinserted in the new wall. The
nave roof of five bays is contemporary with the
building. Like that of the chancel it is of the low
pitched tie-beam type with curved supports. The
font is also 15th-century work and has an octagonal
bowl and stem with a moulded base and a wooden
cover of the 17th century. The other fittings of the
nave are of considerable interest. The oak pewing
probably dates from the period of the Restoration.
The pews are plainly panelled with moulded knobs
to the bench ends. Of the same character is the
clerk's desk on the south side near the rood screen
and the churchwardens' pews at the west end. By
the south door is a small iron-bound alms-box with a
rose carved on each face. The heptagonal Jacobean
pulpit has each face ornamented with an arcaded
panel of the usual type with a conventional design of
foliage above. Similar carving ornaments the support
to the sounding-board, the angles of which have
moulded pendants with radiating panels to the soffit.
The cornice bears the inscription 'shew me thy
waes o lord and teach me thy paths ano 1637.'
At the east end of the nave against the south wall are
two mutilated recumbent stone figures, male and
female, dating from the later part of the 16th century.
The man is in armour; his bare head rests on a
cushion and his feet on a dog. On his left arm is
a shield bearing the arms of Gibson of Welburn:
Barry ermine and sable a lion or. The lady wears a
ruff and Mary Queen of Scots cap. Sir John Gibson
of Welburn (fn. 60) was twice married, and it seems probable
that this monument was put up to commemorate
his first wife Margaret Woodhall, who died between
1584 and 1590; Sir John himself was buried at
Kirkdale. (fn. 61) In 1794 the monument was on the north
side of the nave, and in a niche in the wall was a
kneeling female figure. (fn. 62) This figure, lacking its head
and hands, is now lying beside the other effigies, and
with it is a carved wooden coat of arms bearing
Gibson of Welburn with a label impaling Or a pale
between two roundels sable with a demi-lion or on
the pale and a crescent for difference, for Allett. It
is probable that both fragments belong to the monu
ment of Anne daughter of Sir John Allett, Lord Mayor
of London, and wife of Sir John Gibson of Welburn.
She was buried at Crayke in 1621. (fn. 63)
The 15th-century tower standing at the west end
is three stages high, with diagonal buttresses and an
embattled parapet with pinnacles at the angles. The
lowest stage is pierced by a three-light traceried west
window. The belfry is lighted by a two-light squareheaded window in each face, and is approached by a
vice in the north-east angle.
Beneath the tower are three old chests, the largest,
some 6 ft. long, cut from a solid block of oak, a
second, similar but much smaller, and a third, of the
17th century with a carved and panelled front. The
south porch has a depressed arch to the outer doorway, dating from the late 15th century, with an impost moulding carried along on either side as a string.
The porch roof is original and the embattled parapet
has a sundial dated 1732 inserted in the centre. The
exterior of the church is faced in ashlar and is finished
throughout with embattled parapets and pinnacles at
the angles of the building.
The three bells bear the following inscriptions:
(1) '1759 Deo Gloria,' with the names of the rector,
curate and three churchwardens (cast by E. Seller of
York); (2) '1669 Gloria in altissimis deo'; (3)
'Sonabo tibi Dñe in Jucunditate soni' in black letter,
with a shield bearing a bell and the initials W.O.
The church plate consists of the following pieces:
a cup and cover (York, 1631), the former with a
chased straight-sided bowl, a large flagon (London,
1686) inscribed 'The gift of Thomas Gresham to
the parish of Craike 1687,' a paten (London, 1717)
inscribed 'Donum Ecclesiae Cathedralis Christi et
Beatae Virginis Dunelmensis,' an urn-shaped flagon
(York, 1787), the gift of Ann (daughter of Thomas
Richardson) widow of William Orfeur, 1787, engraved with the coat of arms of Orfeur impaling
Richardson quartering Daniell, and a paten (London,
1839) inscribed 'Crayke Church 1840.' There is
in addition a 17th-century pewter chalice.
The registers before 1812 are as follows: (i) mixed
entries 1558 to 1667; (ii) mixed entries 1667 to
1751; (iii) mixed entries 1752 to 1812, marriages
to 1776 only; (iv) marriages 1754 to 1812.
Advowson
A church was probably founded at
Crayke by the bishops in AngloSaxon times, and it is unlikely that
it did not exist in the days of Etha, the anchorite of
the 8th century. (fn. 64) In 1086 Crayke had a church
and a priest. (fn. 65) In 1291 the church was of the
annual value of £10. (fn. 66) From the earliest times on
record it belonged to the collation of the Bishop of
Durham. (fn. 67) In 1309 papal provision of the rectory,
then said to be worth 30 marks a year, was made to
Robert de Donebrugge, a pluralist. (fn. 68)
At the time of the Dissolution the rectory, consisting of a house, the glebe, and the tithes and oblations, was, as in 1291, worth £10 a year. (fn. 69) The
advowson was included in the property leased by the
bishop to Queen Elizabeth and by her to Sir Francis
Walsingham and sold to Thomas Widderington and
Thomas Coghill in 1648. (fn. 70) After the Restoration
it was held not by the lessees of the manor but by
the bishop, (fn. 71) to whom it was reserved in the Act of
1827 authorizing the sale of the manor. (fn. 72) In 1837
the patronage was transferred by Order in Council to
the Bishop of Ripon, (fn. 73) and from him in 1860 to the
First Lord of the Treasury. (fn. 74)
In 1837, when the parish was transferred to the
diocese of York and the archdeaconry of Cleveland,
it was freed from the peculiar jurisdiction of the
Dean and Chapter of Durham. (fn. 74a)
At the dissolution of gilds and chantries an annual
rent of 8d. endowed a lamp in Crayke Church. (fn. 75)
Charities
It appears from the table of benefactions that 'Thomas Grason' alias
Grayson 'left 40s. a year to be distributed every St. Thomas's day out of his freehold
estate, London'; also that Samuel Coates left 10s. a
year to be paid at Easter out of his freehold estate at
Crayke. The annuity of 40s. is paid out of a house,
now 172 High Street, Southwark, and the 10s. is
received in respect of certain farm land at Crayke.
The Poor's Land consists of two fields in Stillington containing 8 a. or thereabouts purchased with
certain benefactions for the poor, and 5 a. 2 r. in
Farlington devised, as appeared from the benefaction
table, by the Rev. Mr. Owram. The land produces
£20 14s. yearly.
The official trustees hold a sum of £210 consols,
representing a legacy of £250, by will of a Mrs.
Orfeur, for bread for the poor; also a sum of
£13 15s. 1d. consols; this represents legacies of £17
each by the wills of the Rev. M. Turner and the
Rev. A. Jepson, former rectors, for providing bread
for the poor. The money had been expended
towards building houses for the poor. The property
was sold in 1896. The net income of the charities,
amounting to about £28 a year, is applied as to onethird in the distribution of bread and two-thirds in coal.
John Bowman, will 1799 (?), gave £150 consols,
the annual dividends, amounting to £3 15s., to be
applied in the payment of 1s. a week towards the
support of the Sunday school and the residue in
putting poor children to school. The stock is standing in the names of the rector and another stockholder,
the dividends being paid to the school account.