Henry VIII: January 1544, 1-15 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 19 Part 1, January-July 1544. Originally published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1903.

'Henry VIII: January 1544, 1-15', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 19 Part 1, January-July 1544, (London, 1903) pp. 1-17. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol19/no1/pp1-17 [accessed 24 April 2024]

January 1544, 1-15



1 Jan.	1. Wriothesley.
	Creation as Baron Wriothesley. See Grants in January, No. 1.
Add. MS. 6,113, f. 114. B. M.	2. Account of the creation, on Tuesday, 1 Jan. 35 Henry VIII., at Hampton Court, of Sir Thos. Wriothesley, baron of Wriothesley.
	The pages' chamber being well strawed with rushes, after the King came to his closet to hear high mass, the said baron came to the pages' chamber; and when mass was done he and other lords made ready and came to the King in the presence chamber, "his Highness being under cloth of estate, with his noble council, both spiritual and temporal." The said baron, in his kirtle, was led between lords Russell and St. John, with lord Par of Horton before him bearing his robe, and Garter bearing his letters patent. Garter delivered the letters to the Lord Chamberlain of England who delivered them to the King and he to Secretary Paget to read. At the reading of the word investimus the baron put on his robe and then the patent was read out and delivered by the King to the baron, who gave great thanks and took leave. He was then conducted to the great chamber before the Queen's lodging "in the utter court on the right side, there appointed for their dining place, preceded by the trumpets (blowing) and the officers of arms. After the second course Garter proclaimed his style, "du noble chevalier Thomas Seigneur Wryothesley et seigneur de Tichefelde et une de la Estroict Councell du Roy notre souveraine s^r."
	P. 1.
[1 Jan.] (fn. n1)	2. The Privy Council to Suffolk.
R. O. St. P., v. 354.	The King has seen his sundry letters to them, and approves his stay of the herald of Scotland (fn. n2) and the Patriarch's man and his opinion to return them home without audience. He shall tell the herald that the King is informed that he comes, not from the Three Estates assembled in full Parliament, but from Arreyn and the Cardinal, to require safe-conduct for ambassadors to commune of a new treaty, and therefore has appointed Suffolk to hear his credence. Having learnt his credence, Suffolk shall answer that, if they who sent him join with the rest of the lords and others of the Parliament to perfect the late treaty, and lay hostages, and, thereupon, send ambassadors, the King may hear them; but, if Arreyn and the Cardinal repute the treaty "invaliable" and go about to entreat any other, they will not be heard, for if the former treaty is of no force Arreyn can make none of any force. To the Patriarch's man Suffolk shall say that the Patriarch knows in what terms the bishop of Rome and the King stand and, therefore, the King marvels at his sending a servant into the realm without safe-conduct, or requesting to pass through it; seeing that when the King's servants or subjects come where the bishop of Rome has to do they are " used most cruelly without respect of honor or charity." Yet, for this time, the King is content that the said servant shall return without hurt—wishing that his master and his master's master used more charity and would rather endeavour to make peace than increase dissension to the shedding of Christian blood. Suffolk shall then send the herald and the Patriarch's man home together and let the King's friends in Scotland know the herald's credence and answer.
	The King minding, upon the occasion of this herald's coming, to send to next Parliament in Scotland "you Mr. Sadleyr or some other," if safe-conduct can be obtained; as you have been forth a good season and would be glad to see his Majesty you shall repair to him forthwith for that and further instructions.
	Draft, pp. 6. Endd.: "To my 1. of Suff. touching the Scottish herald and the Patriarches man."
2 Jan.	3. Walter Devereux [Lord Ferrers] to John Scudamore.
Add. MS. 11,055, f. 117. B. M.	"Cousin John Scudamore," I am informed that there is a commission directed to you and others concerning matter between my chaplain, the vicar of Bodenham, and James Leche for certain tithes. I desire you to take the pains to sit upon it, that the vicar may proceed in his affairs according to custom and right, the rather through your "favourable indifferency," and to speak to my friend Warmecombe to take the like pains. Charteley manor, 2 Jan. 1543. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.
3 Jan.	4. Wotton to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., ix. 573.	According to last instructions, sent shortly after the departure of my lord of London and Mr. Bryan, would have required access to the Emperor, but deferred (because the Emperor was sick) until Thursday, 20 Dec., when he applied to Granvelle, but could not get it until Sunday, 30 Dec. Declared Henry's request for 500 Spaniards to serve on the Borders (letters thereof received, two days before, by Mr. Mewtes, from the Council) and for the declaration of the Scots to be common enemies. The Emperor said his Spaniards here were divided for the defence of Chasteau en Cambresis and Luxembourg, and he could not spare so many. Wotton said that to spare so few, among so many, could be no hindrance; and that Henry reckoned himself so sure of them that he had sent a gentleman to conduct them to England. At this the Emperor paused, and said it would be difficile, but he would think upon it; and, declaring how feeble he was, referred Wotton to Granvelle for answer in this and the other matters.
	Describes interview on the 2nd inst. with Granvelle, who persisted, in spite of Wotton's persuasions and argument that the siege of Luxemburg was said to be now over, that the Emperor could not spare the 500 Spaniards now that he had licensed his other troops to go home; but if he had known the King's wish in time, he might have taken order so as to spare them. As to the Scots, Granvelle said that my lord of London and Brian had indeed spoken thereof and had answer that when the King proclaimed war against them the Emperor would do the like; but there was no war yet proclaimed and it was not reason that the Emperor should proclaim it first. Wotton said it was notorious that Henry had war with the Scots, for he had sent a puissant army into Scotland and they had invaded England. "'Yea,' quod Granvelle, 'but that was before the treaty.' 'Mary,' quod I, 'there was never no peace made since, but yet daily, by land and by sea, invasions and courses made upon each other. And though some, peradventure, that could be content to see a good way taken betwixt us and the Scots, and would be glad to be the King my master's friends, be suffered to come into England, yet doth it not follow thereof but that they that be not of that mind be enemies and may not come into England.'" Granvelle said these things did not appear to the Emperor, but if the King would, by authentical writing, advertise the Emperor that he had declared the Scots to be his enemies and forbidden them his countries, the Emperor would do the same.
	The Emperor yesterday left Brussels for Spires, by way of Luke or Liege. Granvelle said that at Luke he would tell Wotton the way to be taken thenceforth; also that the French king was sending ambassadors to the Diet, but they should not be received. Bruxelles, 3 Jan. 1543.
	Pp. 3. Add. Sealed. Endd.
3 Jan.	5. Charles V. to Chapuys.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 3.]	The ambassador of England who was resident with the Queen his sister, and now is come with him, last Sunday, spoke on three points, 1st, to send his master 500 Spanish hacquebuttiers for whom commissioners and conduct money were already sent; 2nd, to hold the Scots enemies and forbid them commerce, and 3rd, touching the hundredth penny. To the first, showed that the Spaniards were scattered about Luxemburg and Cambresis where the common enemy was continually on the move and the other men-of-war were dismissed, and also that to withdraw 500 hacquebuttiers from the small number of the Spaniards would weaken them too much. To the second he was answered, as Brian was, that if the King of England declared himself at open war with the Scots, and began it and interdicted commerce, the Emperor would act as agreed by the last treaty. As to the third, charge had been left with the Queen to make a good conclusion. Although these answers, especially to the first two points, which he most pressed, are reasonable, and Granvele has since repeated them, the ambassador still seemed not satisfied, insisting that his master would think it strange that he was denied the Spaniards of whom he had made sure and for whom he had sent commissioners and money, and affirming that his master was already at war with the Scots although Brian had been satisfied with the answer and had said that his master was not out of hope of agreement. Chapuys can satisfy the King as he shall see best upon these points. The answer as regards the Spaniards is especially just, as their number is small and many of them have this year been lost. Has despatched an express into Spain for reinforcements, as Don Fernando knows. As to the Scots, besides the text of the treaty, has a confederation communicative with them which he could not honorably break without the conditions aforesaid.
	Left Brussels yesterday and reckons to be in Liege on the eve of Epiphany, where he will sojourn the day, and thence pass on by the way that shall seem best and safest, having provided some number of horsemen and footmen. This is all there is to write at present and Chapuys shall communicate it to Don Fernando. Louvain, 3 Jan. 1543.
	French. Modern transcript of the original minute at Vienna, pp. 3.
4 Jan.	6. The Privy Council to Wotton.
R. O. St. P., ix. 576.	The Viceroy of Sicily, who has been here to resolve upon this year's joint invasion of France, proposed also that the King should aid the Emperor with two months' entertainment of 3,000 or 2,000 men to invade by Dolphinie towards Lyons and that the King should contribute 10,000 cr., 12,000 cr. or 15,000 cr. (and the Emperor as much) to keep the Swiss from the French king for this year.
	As to the invasion the King appointed certain of his Council to conclude with the Viceroy and the Ambassador, Chantonye being also present; which was done, as appears by copy of the capitulation, sent herewith. (fn. n3) As to the invasion upon Lyons side, it was answered that, although the King's voyage into France would be very costly, and he had spent much last year in wars, in the matters of Scotland and in maintaining his navy at sea, and was not unlike to be this year at the charge of enforcing Scotland to conformity, yet, he would give the Emperor a benevolence of 20,000 cr. if the Emperor would send him, to serve against Scotland, 1,000 Spanish harquebusiers (paying 600 of them for three months and leaving the rest to Henry's charge) as a token to the world of their mutual affection. The Viceroy had no commission to promise this condition, which awaits the Emperor's decision. As to the Swiss, the King cannot condescend to the contribution; and thinks them " men of small service and little courage, when it cometh to the brunt," who will only be a burden to the enemy.
	The Viceroy also moved the remission of the 2,000 horsemen and 2,000 footmen which the Emperor must furnish to the King in the common invasion; but was "shifted off" with the answer that this seemed rather a device of the Ambassador, to show himself a good servant, for it was not likely that the Emperor, having received sundry benefits of late, would "grate any further upon " the King until he had shown some benevolence in return. He agreed to move the Emperor that Mons. de Bure might lead the said men, the King furnishing him with 2,000 footmen besides. Wotton shall declare this to Mons. de Bure and enquire about the levying of the said 2,000 men at the King's charges; and shall also request the Emperor or Granvelle for De Bure's leave to serve. For his instruction in dealing with De Bure he shall receive herewith the transumpt of a covenant made with Landburgh, an Almain colonel, for service with certain footmen. (fn. n4)
	Wotton must press for the proclamation of all Scots without the King's safe-conduct to be common enemies, both because the treaty requires this and delay might hinder this year's proceedings in France. Also he must require the restraint of certain safe-conducts which are said to have been granted to merchants of Antwerp to relieve the French with herring and other victuals. The Emperor cannot have been rightly informed when he granted their suit; for, heretofore, when Henry refused an abstinence during herring time the Emperor esteemed that refusal as very necessary, and a dozen sail of each of their armies upon the sea were appointed to restrain the Frenchmen from fishing.
	The Viceroy on taking leave, in presence of the Ambassador, moved certain of the Council for the release of Balthasar, the surgeon (who is arrested upon accusation that he is against the King's supremacy), saying that he was the Emperor's subject, born in Millan, and that if inquisition were made of the opinions of English merchants in Flanders and Spain towards the primacy of Rome they would be in great danger. And they delivered a letter of credence from the Emperor to the King therein. It was answered that, albeit Balthasar were a merchant sojourning here but for a few months, the Emperor would allow that, whatsoever he thought inwardly, he should do nothing outwardly to disturb "that policy where he abideth for the time"; and, considering that Balthasar has been, at his own suit, naturalised and sworn to obey the laws of this realm, where he has lived above 20 years, married an Englishwoman, etc., "being accused as he is, and not brought in by inquisition to be a transgressor," he should, if convicted, be punished. And that we use no inquisitions, as they do in the Emperor's dominions, to search what strangers think; for if we did, a great sort of the merchant strangers here would be brought to trouble.
	Draft, pp. 6. Endd.: "M. to Mr. Wootton, iiij^th of January 1543.
4 Jan.	7. The Privy Council to the Viceroy of Sicily.
R. O.	Certain Scots have lately taken many of the King's subjects on the coast of Norfolk, ordering them to pay ransom at Camfere; but the governor of Camfere has arrested the said Scots as common enemies. Beg him to signify to the Queen Regent the King's appreciation of the governor's service in this; and require that his subjects' goods may be restored and that these and all other Scots arrested, not having the King's safe-conduct, may be treated as common enemies; which will be a benefit both to the King and the Emperor, and an annoyance to their common enemies.
	Draft, French, p. 1. Endd.: "The Counsail to the Visroy, iiij^o Januarii 1543."
5 Jan.	8. Suffolk, Tunstall and Sadler to the Council.
Add. MS. 32,653, f. 225. B. M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 148.	Have, according to the Council's letters of 1 Jan., despatched home the Scottish herald (fn. n5) and the Patriarch's man with the answer prescribed. Enclose the letter from Arran to the King which the herald brought. Other credence he says he had none, but to tell the King that these ambassadors should proceed more directly than the others did, who "privately concluded certain things besides the general consent of their Parliament." What these things were he could not tell. Conjecture that he meant the laying of hostages, delivery of the young Queen at 10 years, and renunciation of the league with France. Have informed the King's friends in Scotland of the herald's message and the contents of the letter he brought. Enclose letters which Suffolk received yesterday from Sir George Douglas. His desire touching the assurance is satisfied until it appear shortly how the game shall go. Sadler comes to the King with diligence. Darneton, 5 Jan. 1543. Signed.
	Pp 2. Add. Sealed. Endd.
6 Jan.	9. Chapuys to Charles V.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 4.	Nothing important has occurred since the Viceroy of Sicily left. This King shows increasing care in preparing for the enterprise, and it is said that he intends to make a still greater effort than he promised. Eight days ago were arrested at Dover three ships with herring which Alex. Antenory, Simon Pecory and others, with the Emperor's licence, are sending to France. Having only heard of it this morning, does not yet know how this King and his Council intend to act therein, but will know to-morrow.
	Sends his man for five months' pay and trusts that he will not be detained there for six or seven months like the last. London, 6 Jan. 1544.
	French. Modern transcript of the original at Vienna, p. 1.
6 Jan.	10. Edmond Harvel to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., ix. 581.	Wrote on 4 Dec. Letters from Constantinople report the Turk's arrival and sorrow for the death of his second son, for whom he and his Court mourned in black five days "contrary to the custom of the house of Othoman." In Constantinople are 50 galleys, but no other war preparation; and men think the Turk will not move this year. Barbarossa has made a mosque in Tolon, and coins money. Guasto has withdrawn into winter quarters, having destroyed Carignan because it could not be kept. The French in Piedmont are reinforced with 5,000 Swiss and 300 French horsemen; and it is thought that they will engross their power in Italy, either (with Barbarossa) to attempt Geane or to "reduce" the war out of Picardy, and that the Bishop of Rome practices with the French king for some state in Italy for his own house, as he has often done with the Emperor. Cardinal Fernesi went to France lately for no light matters. The French king has demanded absolution for his trespass in treating with Henry in the past—ridiculous impudence, considering that he is an open Turk and would gladly spend much to have Henry for his friend. Polin's secretary, for killing of a man in France, is fled to Guasto and is likely to reveal secrets concerning the Frenchmen and the Turks. Ferdinando's men about Maran are reinforced. The Signory send horse and foot to Friuly for suspicion of Ferdinando. Venice, 6 Jan. 1548.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.
7 Jan.	11. Export of Victuals.
Harl. MS. 442, f. 195. B. M.	Proclamation prohibiting the export of corn and victuals, inasmuch as there "must be presently made furniture of beer, wheat, malt oats, beans, butter and cheese" for such enterprises as shall be thought requisite for defence of the King's subjects and annoyance of his ancient enemies. Walden, 7 Jan. 35 Hen. VIII.
	Modern copy, p. 1.
Soc. of Antiq.	2. Another modern copy.
Procl. ii. 129.	P. 1.
7 Jan.	12. Chapuys to the Queen of Hungary.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 5.]	To the same effect as No. 9.
	Fr. Modern note of the original at Vienna. Headed: 1544, Janvier 7.
7 Jan.	13. Chapuys to Granvelle.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 7.]	Commends the matter of his own payment, considering his pressing necessity.
	This King writes to his ambassador to answer the Emperor's letters about the Milanese physician (medecin), (fn. n6) viz., that, being long resident here and having taken out letters of naturalité and sworn to the statute here passed, (fn. n7) he ought to be judged an Englishman; as if letters of naturalité (which are only to grant privileges) could be taken as renouncing the true naturalité and obligation to one's natural prince and to his Apostolic See. The English basis of argument is of great and prejudicial consequence for reasons which he has no leisure to write. London, 7 Jan. 1544.
	French. Modern transcript from Vienna, p. 1.
8 Jan.	14. Henry VIII. to Charles V.
R. O.	Has received his letter of 5 Dec, intimating a chapter general of his Order of the Thoison d'Or to be held at Outreicht, 3 May next, &c. Will do in this as appertains, and shortly send his determination; but meanwhile sends this bearer back. Hamptoncourt, 8 Jan. 1543.
	French. Broadsheet copy, p. 1. Endd.: The King's Majesty to the Emperor, vij. (sic) Januarii 1543.
8 Jan.	15. Henry VIII. to Albert duke of Prussia.
R. O. (R. T. 148, f. 153.)	That, both last year and now, the Duke has sent him falcons has given him great pleasure, because he delights in falcons and is accustomed sometimes by that kind of amusement to recreate his mind when wearied with affairs. Where the Duke writes for favour to his subjects and ships that come hither, they shall have it; but as to restoring the castle of Brandenburg, the iniquity of the times (war raging with the Frenchman, the Scot, the Turk) does not permit him to help his friends, for he seems over burdened with his necessary expenses. Has agreed with the Emperor that, in the beginning of next summer, each with the greatest army he can make, they shall at the same time invade France, and the Duke can estimate what an immense expense that will entail. As to the white osprey (nisus) of which the Duke writes, he delivered it to lady Anne of Cleves and is surprised that she did not write of it. Thanks him for it. Hampton Court, 8 Jan. 1543.
	Lat. Modern transcript from Königsberg, pp. 2. Headed: Illustrissimo Principi, Alberto Marchioni Brandenburgensi, in Prussia, Stetiniæ, Pomeraniæ, Cassubarum ac Sclavorum Duci, et amico nostro charissimo.
8 Jan.	16. Layton to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., ix. 583.	On 7 Jan. received the Council's letters dated Hampton Court, 4 Jan.; and, next morning, went to the Regent, but she, being sick of a flux, kept her chamber, and sent the President of the Council to him. Spoke of the Scottish ships arrested at Camfere, and the President said it was true and that the Englishmen's goods should be restored. Said they could do no less than take the ships and the Scots' goods as lawful prize; and that Henry desired that they would not only so take these manifest enemies, but also all others that should arrive in these Low Parts without his safe-conduct. The President made no direct answer, but said Layton should speak with the Queen. The President then said that a post coming from the French Court, from Cardinal Fernesa with letters to the Nounce and the ambassador of Ferrara, had been stayed in Arthois and sent with his letters to the Queen this day, and the Queen would forthwith send then to the Emperor; also that the said Cardinal will shortly be here on his way to the Emperor and coming, as his servants report, "to persuade peace." The President also says that the Turks at Tolone spoil and beat down all the churches thereabouts and remake them as temples and oratories, "and therein doth their sacrifice"; a sign that they mean to abide there. Will write more when he has communed with the Queen, after the Viceroy's arrival here. Brussels, 8 Jan., at night. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add. Endd: 1543.
9 Jan.	17. Chapuys to Charles V.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar,vii., No. 8.]	By last letters, of the 7th (sic) inst., reported the detention of three ships of herring which had been driven into Dover, where two more, similarly laden, have since come; the goods belonging to Alex. Antenory and his fellows, and going, with Charles's safe-conduct, to Bordeaux. Represented to the King's Council that such merchandise would not keep and that it was better to get money or other merchandise for it from the enemies than to let it perish. When told that the cost last year of preventing the French from fishing was thrown away if herring was allowed to be conveyed to them (? "qui leur lauroit porter les harancz" for "si on leur laisseroit," &c.?), they were answered that there was a great difference; for, permitting them to fish, their herrings would have cost them nothing, and their enemies (the allies) would not have got money of it, as now, when they are compelled to pay through the nose for them. Reminded them too, as to the quality of the safe-conducts, that, whereas here were only merchants of the country trading only with Flanders, Antwerp was full of merchants of all nations for whom must be kept open some means of traffic. But all availed nothing; the Council were resolute to permit no merchandise to pass into France or from thence into Flanders, as it was expressly contrary to the treaty of amity. Of the herring they will take what is required for the realm, at reasonable price, and the rest may return to Flanders; presupposing that it does not belong to Frenchmen, in which case both it and the ships will be good prize. The King's Ambassador resident will inform the Emperor more amply of this. London, 9 Jan. 1544.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original at Vienna, pp. 2.
9 Jan.	18. Chapuys to the Queen of Hungary.
R. O.	Repeats the effect of his letter to the Emperor (No. 17).
	Fr. Modern note of a MS. at Vienna. Headed: 1544, Janv. 9.
10 Jan.	19. Nicholas Wentworth to John Gates.
R. O.	Intends next term (if Gates so advises, and he can get my lords of Canterbury and Westminster to sit with my lord Chancellor) to require them to determine his matter as the King has commanded. At Grafton, desired Mr. Deny's advice in a book which he then delivered, hearing "that he is a sure friend to truth and a faithful setter forward thereof"; and, at Amptyll Cowrte, Deny said that Gates and he would peruse the book and set it forth in articles, which, considering his attendance upon the King and other business, is very much for him to do. Where Gates proposes to cross out things in the book which are not meet to be set forward; unless the cavillations and sophistries used against him are made manifest the truth will be hidden from the Lords, and, as to his complaint to the King that the lord Bawdwaine bare the matter against him, he declared it so openly in the Sterre Chamber that he expects Bawdwaine's enmity; "and he or some of his favourers have already hit me so that I fear I shall never clawe it off." Expects to win his principal matter, the disproof of Thos. Clare's feoffment, "upon the declaring of the plaintiff's and Pomour's own disproof of the said feoffment; and th'onorable Lords must credit me if they credit their decree," and must see that the plaintiff and Pomour are guilty. They are now trying to persuade the Lords that the writer is "willfull." Explains, at some length, that he expects to win his case if it come before the lord Chancellor, of whom it is spoken "that the King's Majesty is happy that he hath such a justicer"; and means to lay aside the "peakysshe" gentleness which has hitherto hindered him and, "with an honest vehemency which mine adversaries do slanderously call wilfulness, inveigh against their falsehood, craft and bearing." Lylingstone, 10 Jan. 35 Hen. VIII. Signed.
	Pp. 3. Add.: of the Privy Chamber. Endd.
10 Jan.	20. The Queen of Hungary to Chapuys.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar,vii. 9.]	Deferred writing whilst the Emperor was here, knowing that Grantvelle kept him informed of occurrents; but now that the Emperor has left for Germany she will resume.
	He will have heard that Maître Nicholas Woutton, who was ambassador here, has been ordered to follow the Emperor, in lieu of the bp. of London. At his first audience Wotton wished certain Spanish arquebusiers sent to England; and the Emperor excused himself on the ground that it would entirely disfurnish the Spaniards wintering here, as the rest could not serve without them. The ambassador seemed dissatisfied. He afterwards spoke of the centiesme upon merchandise which the English carry hence; and the Emperor remitted him to Grantvelle, to whom he has since made similar lament. It was represented to him that he ought to be satisfied that the English were exempted from the centiesme for merchandise carried into England—to grant more would lead to fraud, and the centiesme was only temporary, for war expenses, to resist the common enemy to the advantage of the subjects of England, compared with whom the merchants of England were of little importance. All that could be said, however, failed to satisfy the ambassador, who persisted that the English generally ought to be exempt, especially that the Act accorded to exempt the English from the impost upon the merchandise which they carry into England should be changed because it is only despatched by way of provision. (fn. n8) He was answered that he ought to be satisfied that nothing was demanded of merchandise going into England, since the proclamation (fn. n9) under which the centiesme is levied did not speak of the English expressly, but was in general terms; and, as to his saying that the English might hereafter be constrained to pay the centiesme, the time to complain would be then, not now. If the ambassador, who seems to proceed par grande affection, writes of this Chapuys will be able to make such representations as he thinks fit, to show the King and Council the small importance of the affair to the English and its great consequence to the Emperor, who thinks the ambassador's suit unreasonable and meant rather to defraud him of the impost than for the interest of the English merchants, who carry scarcely any goods hence except to England.
	As to his writing in his last that the English do not intend to observe the safe-conducts of this country, especially of victuals, and demand restitution of two French ships taken by those here in the isle of Gernuyse, maintaining that the French may trade there as in neutral ground; cannot reconcile their pretensions that they may grant neutrality for the said isle, directly against the treaty, which binds the Emperor for its defence by name, and that safe-conducts cannot be granted here to carry goods into France and bring away others which are needed here. It is a small consideration that the enemy ought to be hurt in every way, for we do not leave off doing our worst against them because of the safe-conducts; and the same reason militates more strongly against the neutrality of Gernuyse, by which the English trade with the enemy without restriction. That the poor merchants may not be deceived, this point must be settled with the King's Council; and if, finally, they will not allow the safe-conducts the English ought, reciprocally, to have no trade with the French nor give any safe-conducts as it is said they do; and to stop all trade would do more hurt to these countries than to the French, especially now when wines cannot be had in Germany. Safe-conduct was granted to take herrings, a kind of merchandise that cannot be long kept, into France and get wines from thence, without which the armies to be made next season will be hindered.
	As to the two French ships taken in Garnuyse their captors disguise the capture otherwise than the captain of the isle reported to the King's Council; for they say that they fell in with the enemies at sea, one of them having 21 good pieces of artillery, a trumpet and 60 men, and after a cannonade the French ships fled into the port of Garnuyse, where they were taken; but many of the men escaped into the island; and forthwith the captain of Garnuyse fired upon the Flemish ships as if they had been enemies, and because the English gunners did not shoot to his liking he let the Frenchmen who had escaped shoot, so that the Flemings were constrained to escape with their prey. The French ships were laden for Barberie, as appears by their charter parties, and not for Garnuyse, as the merchandise itself shows, being principally linen. The neutrality of the isle (it it were neutral) was not contravened; but the captain of the isle contravened neutrality by favouring the enemy against his master's allies. Those who took the prize suspect that he did it to save the Frenchmen's goods and get a pot of wine. The Frenchmen brought away with the ships confess that it is a prize, which they would not do if they wished to avail themselves of the neutrality of Garnuyse. That neutrality has never been intimated (? insinue for intimee?) here, as required for its observance; and seafaring men report that it would be too préjudiciable, because at the said isle merchants of England and France would deal together as if there were no war, contrary to the treaty.
	The dean of York, now the King's ambassador here, has required her to detain certain Scottish ships at La Verre as having robbed some English ship at sea. Granted this. He afterwards required her to declare that the Scots, as the King's enemies, could no longer trade here. Made no reply, pending the Emperor's answer to the ambassador with him, who has made like instance. Meanwhile Chapuys will do well to advertise her if there is open war between England and Scotland, which the Scots deny. Also, if we declare against Scotland, reason would that the King shall declare against the Duke of Holstein and forbid trade with his countries. In this also desires his advice before giving an absolute answer.
	Cardinal Ferneze, legate and nephew of our Holy Father, who left Rome about the end of November, having come by way of France, arrived yesterday on these frontiers and has sent servants who give out that he is going to the Emperor to declare his charge as he has done to the King of France, viz. to treat of peace. Does not know if he will pass by her. If he does, will advertise Chapuys of his propoz; and the King may be sure that nothing will be treated without his intervention, as the Emperor intends to observe the treaty inviolably.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original draft at Vienna, pp. 6. Headed: 10 Jan. 1544.
12 Jan.	21. Ireland.
R. O.	Exemplification of the licence, dated Walden, 12 Oct. 35 Hen. VIII., to Sir Ant. Sentleger, the King's deputy of Ireland, to repair to the King, and appointment of Wm. Brabazon, vice-treasurer of Ireland, to be Justice there during the Deputy's absence. Dublin, 12 Jan. 35 Hen. VIII.
	Copy, p. 1.
12 Jan.	22. Subsidy of Wool.
R. O.	Note of three receipts of custom and subsidy of wool shipped at London by John Baptista Morysyn and others and by Jas. Fuscaryne and others, 30 May 35 Hen. VIII.; and by John Baptista Morysyn, 12 Jan. 35 Hen. VIII.
	Small paper, p. 1.
13 Jan.	23. Jane Wentworth to John Gates.
R. O.	These shall be "to desire you that in the mean time, while William Keper depart fro Mariborne Place, I may have a room there and stabling for my horse"; for, albeit one of his household died of the sickness, the danger is now past. If he remove at Lady Day I will discharge his half year's rent; and, if he have respite till Michaelmas, I doubt not but then, at furthest, by your procurement, to be sole tenant to good Mr. Denny. I will send Mr. Denny a man for the King; and if the King go to Calese, as, they say, he intends, my son, your servant, shall attend upon you, and I and my husband will provide for him. Lilingstone Lovell, 13 Jan. 35 Hen. VIII. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: of the Privy Chamber.
13 Jan.	24. Parties in Scotland.
R. O. St. P., v.355.	Agreement concluded in the Rood chapel of Grenesyde beside Edinburgh, 13 Jan. 1543, between Robt. bp. of Orknay, Walter lord of St. Johne, Sir John Campbell of Calder, Sir Walter Scot of Branxhame, John Hammeltoun of Samelstoun, Mark Ker of Dolphintoun and Alex. Hwme of Manderstoun, commissioners for the lord Governor of Scotland and noblemen with him in Edinburgh, on the one part; and Gilbert earl of Cassillis, Wm. earl of Glencarne, Hew Campbell of Lowdoun, James Dowglas of Drumlanrig and Sir James Sandelandes of Calder, commissioners for Archibald earl of Angus, Matthew earl of Levenax and for themselves and all other their complices, on the other part, appointed to commune for taking away all occasion of division and rebellion and making perfect unity for the "trew and manlie resistence of our auld innemes of Ingland."
	That Angus, Levenax, Cassillis and Glencarn, for themselves and their complices, shall be true to the Queen, and shall assist the Governor in defence of the realm and of Haly Kirk. In return, they shall be received with favour by the Governor and his party, and the Governor will, in the Queen's name, discharge "the pretended summons of treason" against George Dowglas, Angus's brother, and pardon all faults hitherto; "and to seclude and tak awey all maner of suspitioun and occasioun yerof at ye saidis erlis and yair complices and part takkeris may have w^t Ingland in hurt and prejudice of ye realme and crown of Scotland," Angus and others shall find sufficient security to the Governor, by the advice and ordinance of James earl of Murray, Archibald earl of Ergile, Robt. bp. of Orknay, Walter lord of Sainct Johne, Sir John Campbell of Calder and Hew Campbell of Lowdoun, who shall make this ordinance by to-morrow at 10 a.m. and shall also compose all disputes on either side within two days, having power further to prorogue things in which they are not then thoroughly "awysit." The Governor's commissioners having a special power of my lord Cardinal, and the commissioners of the Earls a special mandate to agree all quarrels before this date, ordain that all shall be agreed by Murray, Argyle and the four above named; who shall convene in Edinburgh in Murray's lodging on Thursday next at 9 a.m. and decide therein within three days. This decree is to be inserted "in ye bukis of Counsell and to have ye strenthe of ane decrete of ye lordes of Counsell." Subscribed the year and day above written, before Hew Kennedy of Gyrvane Manis, Andro Augnew sheriff of Galloway and Maister Peter Galbrath, "notar. publici, with others divers."
	Copy, pp. 2.
14 Jan.	25. Parliament.
Parliament Roll, 35 Hen. VIII. R. O.	In the Parliament held, by prorogation, at Westminster, 14 Jan. 35 Henry VIII., were passed the following "actes publike," (fn. n10) viz. concerning:—
	1. [Cap. i., o. n. 1.] The King's succession.
	2. [Cap. ii., o. n. 2.] Treasons committed outside the King's dominions.
	3. [Cap. iv., o. n. 4.] Repair of decayed houses in Shrewsbury, Chester, Ludlow, Haverford West, Pembroke, Tenby, Carmarthen, Montgomery, Cardiff, Swansea, Cowbridge, New Radnor, Presteign, Brecknock, Monmouth, Maldon in Essex, Abergavenny, Usk, Caerleon, Newport in Monmouthshire, Lancaster, Preston, Liverpool and Wigan.
	4. [Cap. vi., o. n. 6.] Jurors.
	5. [Cap. vii., o. n. 7.] Salt fish and stock fish.
	6. [Cap. viii., o. n. 8.] Coopers.
	7. [Cap. xi., o. n. 11.] Payment of members of Parliament from Wales and Monmouthshire.
	8. [Cap. xiv., o. n. 14.] Tenure of lands purchased from the Crown of less yearly value than 40s.
	9. [Cap. xvii., o. n. 17.] Preservation of woods.
	The above are all printed in the Statutes of the Realm together with the following:—
Statutes at Large.	II. Acts not entered on the Parliament Roll.
	Cap. iii. [o. n. 3.] The King's style.
	Cap. v. [o. n. 5.] Proceedings under the Six Articles.
	Cap. ix. [o. n. 9.] Commission to Sir Edm. Walsingham, Sir Arthur Darcy, Sir Ric. Gresham, Sir Wm. Roche, Sir Rol. Hill, Robt. Hennage, Hen. Whitereason, Ric. Harryyoung, Ric. Gervays, Nic. Wilforde and John Sturgeon to apportion St. Katharine's Marsh alias Wapping Marsh, Midd., which was inned by Cornelius Wanderdelf, between the representatives of Ric. Hill and of the Duke of Norfolk, the late lord Wyndsore, the abbots of Waltham and Stratford, now deceased, and Sir John Dauntesey, the partition authorised by Stat. 27 Hen. VIII., cap. 35, not having been carried out.
	Cap. x. [o. n. 10.] Water supply of London.
	Cap. xii. [o. n. 12.] Remission of the loan.
	Cap. xiii. [o. n. 13.] The town of Walsingham.
	Cap. xv. [o. n. 15.] Paving of streets and lanes in Cambridge.
	Cap. xvi. [o. n. 16.] Examination of the Canon Law.
	Cap. xviii. [o. n. 18.] General pardon for offences committed before 14 Jan. 35 Hen. VIII., with a long list of exceptions, including the exception of all persons imprisoned between 14 Jan. and 17 March for heresy or high treason.
Parliament Office MSS.	III. Acts not on the Parliament Roll and not printed in the Statutes at large.
	Cap. xix. [o. n. 19.] Exchange between the King and Thos. Bonham and Frances his wife; the King to have the Bonham's manor and advowson of the church of Peldon, Essex, and the Bonhams the manor of Boyvylles alias Boyvyldes in Ardeley, Essex, and the moiety of the manor and church of Much Stanwey. Preamble states that the King "this winter last past hath had divers and many of his ships royal lying and remaining in his haven and water called Colne in the said county of Essex" which is more meet for them than any place heretofore found; and therefore he intends to have much of his navy remain there in future, and the manor of Peldon, lying thereby, is convenient for him.
	Cap. xx. [o. n. 20.] Confirmation of the Queen's jointure as granted by letters patent.
	Cap. xxi. [o. n. 21.] Confirmation of the terms of an indenture, of 24 Feb. 35 Hen. VIII., by which William Wollascott sold to the King his manor of Dalehall and lands in the parish of Lawford, Essex, and the King sold to him the manor of Shalforde, Berks, which belonged to St. John's of Jerusalem, and other lands specified in Berkshire.
	Cap. xxii. [o. n. 22.] Confirmation of a bargain by which Thos. duke of Norfolk, Henry earl of Surrey, his heir apparent, and Lady Frances, wife of the said earl, have sold to the Crown the manor of Walton with Trymley and the manor of Faltenham and the rectory of Walton and Fillistowe, Suff., and all the Duke's lands in co. Suffolk which were parcel of possessions of Fillistowe priory, in exchange for the manors of Gaywoode, and Thorpe, Norf., which belonged to the bpric. of Norwich, and the manor, castle and chace of Rysyng, Norf.
	Cap. xxiii. [o. n. 23.] Partition of certain lands made at the suit of Ant. Denny of the Privy Chamber, who was in communication for an exchange with Robt. Dacres, the King's servant, dec., of all Dacres' lands in Westmersey, Petehall and Fyngryngo, Essex; and Dacres, also, by will, devised that Ant. Denny should sell, for payment of his debts, marriage of his daughters and the daughters of Thos. Denny, whose executor he was, the manors of Lathbury, Bucks, and Kempstone, Beds, and all lands of the inheritance of John Denny in these places, and the manor of Barford, Ntht., and a house at Bednolde Grene, Midd., and all lands there holden of the bp. of London by copy of court roll. The King shall now take the manors of Westmersie, Petehall and Fryngryngo, and Denny shall have the manor of Perkebury, Herts, which belonged to St. Albans and certain lands in and about St. Albans, George Dacres, s. and h. of the said Robt., shall have the manors of Mote in Chesthunt parish, Herts, Apperfeld, Kent, and Tyncottes in Trompyngton, Camb., parcel of the inheritance of the said John Denny, s. and h. of the said Thos. Denny, the manors of St. Gyles, Herts, and Longe Ichyngton, Warw., rectory of Chesthunt, Herts, parcel of the inheritance of the said Anthony Denny, etc., etc.
	Cap. xxiv. [o. n. 24.] Confirmation of an award made by the King's learned Council at the request of Wm. lord Dacre and Graystok, and Leonard, George and Edward his sons, Robt. Roos, cousin and one of the heirs of Sir James Strangwysshe, the younger, dec. (viz. s. and h. of Robt. Roos and Mary his wife, one of the ds. of Sir Jas. Strangwysshe, the elder, dec, father of the said Sir Jas. S., the younger) and Sir Wm. Malyvorie and Dame Johanna his wife, another daughter of Sir Jas. S., the elder. The parties made suit to the King to take the castle and manor of Wharleton and manor of Brighton, Yorks., a yearly rent of 20l. out of the Exchequer at Westminster payable to the ancestors of Sir Jas. S., and the reversion of Grenehawe manor, Yorks., in tenure of Dame Eliz. Strangwysshe, late wife of the said Sir Jas. S., the younger, for life—all which were parcel of the inheritance of the said Sir J. S. the younger—and to make this award, which was done by a writing quadripartite, dated 15 June 35 Hen. VIII., between (1) the King, (2) lord Dacre and his sons, (3) Robt. Roosse and (4) Sir Wm. Malyvorie and his wife; awarding as follows:—To the Dacres the manors of Westharesley, Estharesley, Assolbye, North Hallerton, Elyngthorp, Stapleton and Stroton, Yorks. and co. city of York, of Heyton Strangwysshe, Lane, and of Barnoldby alias Barnaldby, Linc., and the reversion of certain lands (specified) which Dame Eliz. S., widow, holds for life, worth 80l. yearly; the King giving certain annuities out of Wharleton to persons named. To Malyvorie and his wife the manor of Ekyngton, Derb., with advowson of the church. And to Roos the manors of Upsall, Oversylton with Kypwyke, Burton Constable, Honton, Garreston, Hunthanke, Clyffeton, Mountgrace, Hutton Dale and Notton, Yorks. and co. city of York, the manor of Whatton with the moiety of the forest of Chevyott, Nthld., the advowson of the church of Herboroghe and Great Bowdon, Leic; and the reversion of the manors of Aunderby with Wharleby, Morton Grange, Potto, Hunmanby, and Halykell, Yorks., and of the manors of Hadston, Lowyke and Woller, Nthld., assigned to the said Dame Eliz. S. for life. Any further difficulties to be settled by Lord Chancellor Audeley and Sir Wm. Poulet, lord Seynt John, lord Chamberlain of the Household and master of the Wards.
	Cap. xxv. [o. n., of 34 and 35 H. VIII., 47.] Confirmation to Edward earl of Hertford, of the prebend of Westbedwyn and Estebedwyn in Salisbury cathedral and the parsonages of these places, and all lands in Westebedwyn, Estbedwyn, Grete Bedwyn, Lytle Bedwyn, Estgrafton, Westgrafton, Wexcombe, Martyn, Crofton, Wollfhall, Wylton, Chysbury, Tymbryge, Pittall, Knoyle, Hardeyne, Fitzwaren and Noyes Ferine, Wilts, parcel of the said prebends and parsonages, and also the patronage of the parish church of Uffculme, Devon, and of the free chapel in Alton, Wilts.
	26. Parliament.
Lansd. MS. 515, f. 59. B. M.	Act for remission of the loan, 35 Hen. VIII., Cap. 12. Modern copy, pp. 6.
Ib. 68.	2. Another modern copy.
	Pp. 6.
	27. The Canon Law.
Lamb, MS. 1,107, f. 76. Burnet, IV. 520. Cranmer's Works, 68.	A collection of passages out of the Canon Law, made by Cranmer, bearing especially on the pretensions of the Bishop of Rome.
14 Jan.	28. Deputy and Council of Ireland to Henry VIII.
R. O.	David Sutton, a gentleman of Kildare county, ever since Thomas FitzGeralde's rebellion, has done more in "discryving and serchyng out" of treasons and keeping men of war for defence of those parts than any other of his degree. Although a younger brother, he is of honest "behaviour"; and for experience and wisdom has not his like in those parts. Beg that he may be admitted to the King's general council here; and, for his entertainment, his suit is that the King would sell him the commandry of St. John's called Tully, of which he has the lease under the survey, or else that he may have a state of freehold in it to him and his heirs for such service and rent as the King shall think meet. Dublin, 14 Jan. 35 Hen. VIII. Signed: Antony Sentleger: John Alen: James Orm^d and Oss.: S. J. of Gormanston: Gerald Aylmer, justice: George Dublin.: Thomas Lutrell: Will'm Brabazon: Edwarde Miden.: James Bathe, baron: Thomas Cusake, Mr. Rot'lorum: Thorn's Houth, justice: John Travers: Edwarde Basnet, dean.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
14 Jan.	29. The Same to the Same.
R. O.	Although loth to trouble his Highness with private suits, can do no less than signify that John Travers, whom the King has licensed to visit him, has been here most honest and diligent; and has also "taken upon his charge the chief garrisons and rule of Leynster, and that in the strongest, wildest and most barren places of the same, and furthest from the succour and aid of your Grace's subjects; which plott, yet, he hath so well governed and brought to such a frame as (if it shall stand with your pleasure to proceed to the total reformation of that corner) we count it half won already." Beg that, if appointed to continue to serve in this realm, he may be established with some living for the relief of himself, his wife and children. Dublin, 14 Jan. 35 Henry VIII. Signed by St. Leger, Alen, Ormond, Dublin, Meath, Gormanston, "P. of Trymleteston," Lutrell, Bathe, Cusake, Houth and Basnet.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
14 Jan.	30. Parties in Scotland.
R. O. St. P., v. 357.	Decree, made at Edinburgh, 14 Jan. 1543, by James earl of Murra, Archibald earl of Ergile, Robt. bp. of Orknay, Walter lord of Sanct Johns, Sir John Campell of Calder and Hew Campbell of Lowdoun, "juges be submissioun" (in pursuance of the agreement made by commissioners named, at Grenesyde, 13 Jan. 1543, for finding security to the lord Governor), that Angus shall enter his brother George or else deliver his castle of Tamtalloun to the Governor's keeping, the said George shall deliver his son James Dowglas master of Mortoun, Cassillis shall deliver his brother Mr. Thomas Kennedy, Glencarne his eldest son Alex. Cunyngame master of Glencarne, John Charteris of Enthilgurdy shall find a sufficient pledge or enter himself; Levenax shall be bound to obey the Queen's authority on pain of 10,000l. or else remain accusable of his past insurrections, and likewise Hew Campbell of Lowdoun, James Dowglas of Drumlanerig, Wm. Murray of Tulibardin, George Buchquhannan of that ilk, John Culquhone of Luce and James Sandelandes of Caldour, k[nychtis] shall be bound in 5,000 marks; Wm. Cokburn of Langtoun, and the lairds of Weddirburne and Blacater shall find sufficient pledges or enter themselves. Pledges to be entered by to-morrow at 12 o'clock; and the principals to come to Edinburgh to-day, by two p.m., to remain until their pledges be entered. This decree to be inserted in the books of the Council. Made before these witnesses——(not given).
	Copy, p. 1. Endd.: Th'agreement at Edinburgh between the Scottish lords.
14 Jan.	31. Layton to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., ix. 584	On 12 Jan. Cardinal Fernesa came to Brussels, to the Regent in post, and departed the same day towards the Emperor. Next day the Regent sent for Layton and told him how the Cardinal had declared the "commodity" of peace and that his master, the Bishop of Rome, sent him to move the French king to it; who was at first stiff, but, after Fernesa had laid all the blame of the war upon him, "he was thereunto very inclining." Finally Fernesa delivered her a brief and, as she referred him wholly to the Emperor, departed, "saying that he would come by her again." Her sister the French Queen sent her "a sacar, with other hawks and tokens," and a letter earnestly desiring her to move the Emperor to peace, and to certify whether she thought the Emperor would incline thereto. The Regent says that the French king practises all ways for peace, and that ransomed prisoners coming from France say that the King, Dolphin, and all the sort of them, desire it, and that the King "is in great fear."
	Moved her for the Scots at Camfere, and she said that, unless they could show better cause than they did, they should be taken for common enemies, asking whether war was proclaimed betwixt the Scots and us. Layton answered he was not sure. As to the preparation for war, she would gladly know what her good brother of England would require and she would do what she could. She saw that she must furnish both the Emperor's army and his, also victuals and carriage for his. The Viceroy is not yet come, but has been at Andwarpe four or five days. Bruxelles, 14 Jan.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd.: 1543.
14 Jan.	32. Charles V. to Chapuys.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 14.]	Wrote last, from Louvain, the language held to him and Granvelle by the English Ambassador and the answers made, especially upon his instance to have the Emperor declare against Scotland and forbid trade in the Low Countries. The Queen of Hungary has since written how the English Ambassador with her has anew made instance to her, saying that he was certain that there was open war between his King and Scotland. If so the Emperor must be guided by last treaty, and thinks that if he makes the said declaration the King ought to declare against the duke of Holstein, occupying the kingdom of Denmark, who is the Emperor's enemy and the confederate of France, and has openly defied the Emperor and declared war. Chapuys is to maintain this and advertise the answer.
	Nothing has occurred since his last. Expects Don Fernande de Gonzaga daily. Leaves this to-morrow and makes diligence towards Spires. Colongne, 14 Jan. 1543.
	P.S.—Chapuys may advertise the King that the king of France has sent to Scotland and Ireland to traverse his affairs. Has heard also from Italy that the King of France, like a good Catholic, asks absolution of the Pope for having treated with that schismatic and heretic of England. As he becomes so conscientious it is likely that within few years he will confess, and do penance for, his alliance and practices with the Turk.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original draft at Vienna, pp. 2.
15 Jan.	33. Sir George Douglas to Suffolk.
Add. MS. 32,653, f. 229. B. M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 149.	Received his letters at Leith, 11 Jan., dated at Darntoun "the ferde" of this month, with copies of Arran's writing to the King and the answer, and a letter from lady Margaret Douglas to her father. Has been in Striveling, "furthering forward from thence" Angus, Levenax, Glencarn and Cassillis, and came to Leith on the 10th inst. at night. Remained there from the Thursday to the night of Monday, 14 Jan., every day offering battle in the fields within half a mile of Edinburgh; but could not assault the town, because those within were better provided with artillery and more in number. Master Maxwell came with Angus to Striveling, and spake with his father in the castle, and then passed over with all their folk to the Governor and Cardinal. None of the Northland men, as the earl Marschell, lords Ogilvy, Glammys and lord Gray's friends, joined them, except John Charters; and divers of them, notwithstanding their promise, came to the Governor. Part of the great men with them, being discouraged, privately made appointment with the Governor; and then, to save themselves, the writer's party had to do the like, for their adversaries outnumbered them by 10 to 1. The appointment is "that we all that was principals should refuse th'opinion of England and to take a plain part in defence of Scotland, and that we should enter pledges for the performing of the premises." The pledges required were, for Angus and me, Temptallon castle and my two sons; but I have entered myself instead, for otherwise they would have put my sons to death and us out of the realm; and I trust shortly to get to liberty again. I beg you to be good to my friends in the Mers, named in my book. I dare not keep assurance with you now, but I trust to make them all serve the King if God send me liberty. Glencarne has given his son and heir in pledge, Cassillis his brother, and Levenax shall give his brother and a bond of 10,000l. Their hearts are yours more surely than ever; and our perils and charges have been the more because fortune has not favoured us; but "God is above all and as He will it must be, but if it be His pleasure that I get liberty I shall make the King's Majesty, to have mo friends within this realm nor ever he had." The King should haste his army forward as soon as time of year will serve, and he will then find friends that dare not now show themselves. Begs Suffolk not to write to him, for if the letters were taken it would cost him his life. Will shortly write where letters may be surely sent. Will live and die the King's servant. Repeats his petition for his friends in the Mers, who will not invade England, although he dare not command them while in prison. Begs to be commended to good Sir Ralph Saidlyer. Edinburgh, 15 Jan. 1543. Signed.
	P.S.—In case the Governor or Cardinal make him write, gives a token (outline of a heart) which will show when his letters are to be trusted.
	Pp. 3. Add. Endd.