Henry VIII: December 1544, 11-25 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 19 Part 2, August-December 1544. Originally published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1905.

'Henry VIII: December 1544, 11-25', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 19 Part 2, August-December 1544, (London, 1905) pp. 439-458. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol19/no2/pp439-458 [accessed 23 April 2024]

December 1544, 11-25



11 Dec.	728. Dover, Maison Dieu, or St. Mary's Hospital.
R.O.	Surrender by John Thomson, clk., master, and the brethren of the house or hospital of St. Mary of Dover alias the Masendieu in Dover, of their house and church and all their possessions. Dated in their chapter house, 11 Dec. 36 Hen. VIII. Signed by John Thompson, Hen. Wood, John Burnell and Wm. Noole. Seal good.
	[See Eighth Report of Dep. Keeper of Public Records, App. II. 19.]
11 Dec.	729. Thomas, David and Archibald Kennedy to the Earl of Cassillis.
Shrewsb. MS. A., p. 157. Heralds' College. Lodge, i. 46.	Complain of their miserable case being charged for his entry in all haste, failing which they will suffer death. Remind him that they, his kinsmen, willingly undertook to jeopard their lives for his sake; and beg him to show himself an honest man to the King of England. It will now be known whether he sets by the lives of his "innysant erne and brother." The laird of Colff has four motherless bairns. Take heed that ye make them not fatherless. "And alswa remembre me, zo^r broy^r Dandy, of quhom ze have made great costes to do w^touzt arp, and me Archibald zo^r zowar broy^r; and all wee to bee ane exasample to all ye warll and ze doo not will for us, for ze haif feyd us w^t money fayre wordes in tyme begane; bot now it cumis to ye pownte yat ze sowd doo for zour honor and ye saifatie of our livyes, see that ze observe ye King of Englondes great proclamasion and speede of zo^r entre." God have mercy on our souls, for our bodies "ar bot tynt if ze anter not ye sawner." Zorke, 11 Dec. Signed (as by his uncle and brethren): Thomais Kenydie sometyme lard of Coyff: Dauid Kenidie of Cwix ze ane: Archibald Kymidy.
	Copy, pp. 2. Endd.: The copie of l're sent to th'erle of Casselles frome his pledges.
	^*^ This letter is printed by Lodge in his "Illustrations," I. 46 (ed. 1791), with various inaccuracies which (in this as in others of the papers) are increased in the second edition (1838) by the attempt to modernise the language.
11 Dec.	730. Shrewsbury and Sadler to the Council.
Add. MS. 32,656, f. 93. B.M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 385.	Enclose letters from the Wardens of the East and Middle Marches, Sir George Bowes, Thomas Goure and the laird of Brunstone. Beg them to advance Goure's suits. Would know whether the laird of Ennerwyke, who was taken prisoner in Scotland when the King was in France, shall be let home according to Brunstone's suit. Shrewsbury and Sadler intend this day to repair towards the Borders, to devise with the Wardens and others of experience how garrisons may be laid in Scotland, in pursuance of the King's letters of 25 Nov. Darneton, 11 Dec. 1544. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
Dec.	731. Deputy and Council of Ireland to Henry VIII.
R.O.	John Travers, master of Ordnance here, when lately with the King, surrendered his office of sergeant of the Tents and received the kingly gift of frontier lands here to the value of 100 mks. a year, in tail male, to be selected by the writers and signified to the King with a bill thereof (signed by two of the King's learned counsel and three others of the Council here). Forward the "book thereof" and assure him that the man serves well and has little else now to live upon. Dublin,––––––(blank) Dec. 36 Hen. VIII. Signed by St. Leger, Alen, Ormond, Dublin, Aylmer, Brabazon, Cusake, Lutrell, Bathe and Basnet.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
11 Dec.	732. The Same to the Council.
R. O.	The King lately gave his servant, John Travers, master of his Ordnance here, lands to the value of 100 mks. st., in tail male, and wrote to us to peruse his frontier lands here and send a bill of the particulars and value (signed by two of his learned counsel and three others of the Council), which we now send to his Majesty. Beg them to prefer it, that the gift may take place the sooner. Dublin, 11 Dec. 36 Henry VIII. Signed by St. Leger, Alen, Dublin, Brabazon, Lutrell, Bathe, Houth, Basnet and Echingham.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
11 Dec.	733. Vaughan to Paget.
R.O.	Has secretly essayed to learn what debts are due to English merchants here next Cold Mart. The Staplers have much owing to them every mart and only come hither a little before the payments begin, and therefore this knowledge must be learnt in Calles, or else men suffered to learn it by no over secret means. Could himself devise no better way than to say that he had laid a wager that there is not owing to the King's merchants in any one mart of the year more than 10,000l. Fl., and has that way set his friends about it, to avoid suspicion. Would fain know the King's pleasure about the Spaniards who daily offer their service. They are soldados viezios, tall men and long used in the wars, and have little money and so cannot wait long. Has learnt that, at the being here of Francis the post, a brother or cousin of Mons. de Morette, the French ambassador with the Emperor, sought and spake with him. Is loth to hurt any man, but greatly suspects the same Francis. If the King means to send lead hither it should come by little and little. The house of Acon here would bargain with Vaughan for 3,000 fodder a year and to take it in England if the King would sell only to "him." Could sell some if a price were sent out of England. Hears that much Gascon and French wine is taken. Begs to be helped to a couple of hogsheads or puncheons for his money, to lie in his house until his return. Good and white damask is not to be had here. Will send damask cloths, towels and napkins with speed. Andwerp, 11 Dec. 1544.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.
12 Dec.	734. Arundel College.
R. O. Rymer, xv. 68	Surrender (by the master and chaplains) of the chantry or college and all its possessions in cos. Sussex, Hants and elsewhere in England, Wales and the marches thereof. Arundel, 12 Dec. 36 Hen. VIII. Signed by Alan Percy, master, and John Fygyne and Robt. Fygyn, chaplains. [See Eighth Report of D. K. of P. Records, App. II. 7.]
	Seal nearly gone.
	Enrolled [Cl. Roll p. 5, no. 33] as acknowledged 12 Dec. before the King in Chancery at Westm.
[12 Dec.] (fn. n1)	735. [The Privy Council] to Carne.
R. O.	We have received your letters of the——— (blank) inst. and the King takes your advertisements "in thankful part." Whereas a certain ship of war lately chased a French ship called the Francoyse of Diepe, and would have taken her if two ships of war of Dunkyrk had not rescued her and brought her into Dunkyrk port, where she is yet detained (of which matter Mr. Wootton can somewhat inform you, having heard it "at the being there of us th'erle of Hertf. and the bishop of Wynchestre"), the King requires you to solicit her delivery. If they stand to their pretence that because she carried certain goods of the Scots, who are their enemies, she is forfeit, although the ship of their friend, "desire to have it of them in writing"; they are not likely to win by that sentence. Of late they sent a secretary thence to Dunkyrk and the King another from Calles, who heard the matter, and by the depositions of the Frenchmen, Scots and also Flemings, the King clearly has the right. We send the depositions and other writings, praying you to solicit justice at the Regent's hands.
	Draft in Paget's hand, pp. 2. Endd.: Minute.
12 Dec.	736. John Carr to Lord Evers.
Shrewsb. MS. A.. p. 187(2). Heralds College.	This night I rode "to a brint Stevan at Bromfild Green Ledyn and Saunders Bromfild of the Est Fild," according to your command, and have brought both prisoners into England. By reason of their taking, has not burnt them. Asks whether to bring them to Barwick "or else to-morrow to Anwicke with me." On Wednesday night, his brother and certain of the garrison, with Robin Dicson of Bowthridge and other Dicsons, rode into Hammarmore to a stead called Trattan Shawes, wherein they got 14 score sheep, 12 kye and oxen and 4 horse. Wark Castle, 12 Dec.
	Copy, p. 1. Endd.: The copie of John Carrs l're to the lorde Eurie of the xij^th of December 1544.
12 Dec.	737. Mary Queen of Scots to Paul III.
Royal MS. 18 B. vi. 172b. B.M. Epp. Reg. Sc., ii. 222.	The war which the English have these three years waged against the Scots was not unlucky to them until their king's death, whereupon, besides open warfare, the enemy strove to excite the factions of the Scottish princes, some of whom openly took the enemies' part. Among them, the earl of Lennox and Robert his brother, a youth to whom his Holiness three years ago committed the administration of the cathedral of Caithness, went into England. When Lennox had married the niece of the English king and obtained a fleet he returned into his own country and tried to deliver fortresses to the English and to burn certain villages. As similar offenders should be similarly dealt with, and secular criminals are proceeded against by the law of the country, she desires that the said Robert (who holds no sacred order except his tonsure), as bishop designate of Caithness, may be sent for to Rome, and the bishopric designated to Alexander Gordon, brother of the earl of Huntly. Edinburgh, pridie idus Decem. 1544.
	Signed by the Governor.
	Latin, copy, p. 1.
12 Dec.	738. Mary Queen of Scots to Cardinal Carpi.
Royal MS. 18 B. vi. 173. B.M. Epp. Reg. Sc., ii. 223.	To the same effect. For the inhuman crime of fighting with the enemies against his country no kind of man should be spared, and the bishop designate of Caithness continues with the enemy and is partner in his brother's crime. The solicitor Salmonde and the letters to His Holiness will explain more. Edinburgh, prid. Id. Dec. 1544. Signed by the Governor.
	Lat., copy, p. 1.
12 Dec.	739. Parliament of Scotland.
Acts of Parliament of Scotland, ii. 449.	Held at Edinburgh, 12 Dec. 1544, by Arran, the Cardinal, Gavin abp. of Glasgow, bps. of Galloway, Brechin and Dunblane, earls of Glencairn Cassellis and Craufurd, lords Flemyng, Hume, Gray, Setoun, Borthuik and Glammis, abbots of Paiseley, Cambuskenneth, and Culross, Hugh master of Eglintoun, Mr. Jas. Foulis, clerk of Register, and Mr. Thos. Ballenden, clerk of justiciary; together with Patrick Baroun, deputy constable, Robert Hammiltoun, deputy marshal, John Dalmahoy, sergeant, and Jas. Johnestoun, judicator. Business:—Angus, Bothwell and Douglas showed that there was summons against them continued to the 15th inst. and desired that, nevertheless, they might be called this day; and to this Parliament consented. Complaint of Patrick earl Bothwell, admiral of Scotland, of infringement of his office by the lords of Council and Session deferred to 15 Dec. Case of Jasper Ungerman and others of Sprewisland (Prussia) against John Creoch and others. Remission granted to Wm. earl of Glencarne, Gilbert earl of Cassillis and Hew Campble of Loudoun, sheriff of Air, for all treasons committed heretofore.
	Pardon of Angus for his treason in bearing arms with an army of England, in Aug. 1542 in Tevidale and Halydoun Rig, and again in the Merche and Tevidaill in Oct. 1542 with the duke of Northok (sic), sending messages to the King of England and his officers for two years past in time of war, sending Sir John Penman and Alex. Jardene to England with letters in Jan., Feb. and March last (in time of war) by reason of which the earl of Hertford was sent into this realm in May last, Angus and his brother promising to join them, &c.
	Pardon of George Douglace for his treason in bearing arms with an army of England in Aug. 1542, and with the duke of Norfolk (sic), gathering the barons and lieges of the marches and Tevidale to assist the English, infecting the lieges of this realm by money from the King of England, sending continual messages to England for two years past, and sending Sir John Penman and Alex. Jardane to England in Jan., Feb., and March last, passing into England in October and November last and treating with the English in Berwick, Newcastle and Derntoun, communing in Leith with the earl of Hertford and the English, who were then wasting the realm with sword and fire in May last (induced thereto by the promise that he and his brother Angus would join them), &c.
	Pardon of Bothwell for his treason in going into England in December and January, 1542, in time of war, and there treating against the late King, and taking gifts and money from the King of England, communing with the Earl of Hertford at Hadingtoun in May last, taking Peter Thomsoun alias Bute pursuivant, 22 July last, in Hadingtoun immediately after he had executed the Queen's letters at the market cross there, and imprisoning the said Peter there and elsewhere, &c.
12 Dec.	740. Henry the Dauphin.
Leonard, ii. 449.	Act of protestation by the Dauphin for the safeguard of his rights, which would otherwise be prejudiced by his confirming the treaty of Crespi. Made in presence of Ant. duke of Vendomois, Francois de Bourbon seigneur d' Anguien his brother and Francois de Lorraine comte de Aumale. Fontainebleau, 12 Dec. 1544.
	French.
13 Dec.	741. W. Bucton to Lord Evers.
Shrewsb. MS. A., p. 189. Heralds' College.	John Karr will have advertised you of affairs done by him and his garrison of Wark; but, "for your more knowledge" I enclose his letters. (fn. n2) I trust that your men, the Dicksons of the Marse, have not been idle this week. Herewith I sent the book of names of those that are sworn. Certain of the surnames have entered their pledges; and as well those as the rest of the baronies of Bongill and Coldingham appear by the said book. From your espials among the lords of Scotland now in Edinburgh there is no perfect knowledge. Your friends of the Merse say "they believe that those of Fiff woll garr raze or break Sterling bridge, for fear of passage, ere Candlemas." Berwick, 13 Dec.
	Copy, p. 1. Endd.: The copie of Bucton's l're to the Lord Eurie, of the xiijth of Decembre, 1544.
14 Dec.	742. Chester Cathedral.
Harl. MS. 2,103, f. 110. B. M.	Indenture, made 14 Dec. 36 Hen. VIII., of lease by the dean and chapter of Chester Cathedral to John Calveley of the manor of Saughton.
	Copy, pp. 7.
14 Dec.	743. Vaughan to Henry VIII.
R.O.	Two days ago came to the English house in Andwerp (where I am lodged) one Antonio de Musica, and asked for Mr. Wotton, your ambassador. A servant brought him to me, and, perceiving that I was not Wotton, he asked who I was. I told him "an agent for your Majesty in these parts." He then said that, as he had failed to find the ambassador, he would open his mind to me, and told how he was addicted to your service and had long used to give intelligence to your ambassadors, and fell into a long discourse of practices between the French king and bp. of Rome against you. Perceiving him to be "exceedingly well languaged, well learned, of a lusty wit, and therewith a man apt to mark, weigh and consider the state of princes' affairs, one that could wittily talk, soberly hear and bear away what he had seen and heard, I asked him how he knew these things to be true that he had told. Sir (said he) I shall not need to make relation where, how and by what means I know them, the things self declare my knowledge and the success thereof in time shall confirm my saying to be true." I asked him to give in writing what he had said, and send it herewith in his own handwriting. He will indelayedly take his journey towards you to declare matters of weight, and, if gently entreated, will be given heart to bring many intelligences to your ambassador following the Emperor.
	Has tried among the best houses in Andwerp what may be done in the sale of lead. Only one merchant of France has sought to buy, 200 fodder. None offer above 4l. 3s. 4d. st. a fodder. The house of Acon would bargain for 3,000 fodder a year at 4l. st., with 12 months' day of payment and the King's promise to sell to none but them, and also (as the Emperor has made a law against monopolies) they would be appointed the King's agents or factors. Thinks it more to the King's advantage to keep his lead till the world perceive that it must needs be had from him and come "to fett where it is." One John Carolo, merchant of Cremona and of the best houses in all Andwerp, who now has the bp. of Rome's nuncio lying in his house, says that the nuncio has charge "to intimate a General Council at Trent now at Our Lady Day in Lent next coming." Many Spaniards here have prayed Vaughan to signify their desire to serve in Henry's wars against France. Andwerp, 14 Dec.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd.: 1544.
R. O.	2. "Axiomata quedam rerum novarum Europæ."
	That this peace, if either of the alternative marriages is observed, will bring war in Italy to the Emperor and in France itself to whoever is king; for it is vain to ask the Emperor's daughter with the cession of Lower Germany, which the Emperor has not even power to give during his lifetime; and Milan, with Spanish garrisons in the citadels of Milan, Carmona, and Alexandria, cannot be without war, since the French king seeks only to pass further, and by force or by feigned friendships to occupy Italy, which the Spaniards will not suffer. Hence it is that the Dauphin and his party dislike this peace and daily expostulate with the Admiral and Bayard; nor is he satisfied with the renunciation of Burgundy and of his brother's dominions when he has to pay 100,000 cr. a year as if (as himself says) tributary to his brother,—which also points to future war. The King defers the restitution of Savoy by demanding the expenses of the fortifications; which restitution is already behind the time capitulated, whereas eight months seems to be allowed for the rest.
	The French king makes a great effort with the Pope and many other princes, and the Emperor himself, that the war with England may be settled; and although it seems scarcely possible on account of the conditions which the French king asks, the practice is that at Rome, with the consent of the cardinals of all nations, the King may be anew declared schismatic and his realms proscribed for conquest, and this he thinks will move some in Italy and many in Spain against the King. The King might warn his ambassador in this Diet to show this practice to some of the princes of Germany; for the French king will easily obtain it, as the Pope pursues the King with great hatred and will even subsidise war against him. In the end of October there departed into Scotland Franciscus Bontius, a Dane, who had come hither with the Admiral. I saw him often in communication with the Pope's ambassador. He went to England with one servant. He knows English well, [and] has a long beard in the Italian fashion, half white. He has an abbey in Poitou. Last year he was ambassador to the Swiss with Mons. de Flauini, and at Trent also, as the French king's spy (Regis explorator), at the time of the Council, and always adhered to Pole. It is easy to think that he went thither for no good to the English crown. The King ought secretly but seriously to seek the friends of Reginald Pole, if any there are; for the French king trusts much in him, and during these wars always maintains a certain one with him at Viterbo or wherever he may be, like a shadow, a Norman brought up in England.
	The French king has appointed an orator to dukes William and Louis of Bavaria and will there have an open assembly of soldiers, but, as their dominions are separate, it is difficult to tell where. Certainly these princes secretly favour the French king. Sebastian a Voglesperg was with them last month at Munich and went thence to Mumpelgartum to Duke Christopher of Wirtenberg, perhaps in order that the one may be captain of the footmen, the other of the horsemen. By their industry it is said that Count William (fn. n3) is so long detained. The King may warn his orator in Germany of these things, for it is certain that the French king seeks greater practices in Germany than ever in the time of Mons. de Langey. Nor do I doubt but that he will treat with the princes of the Smalcaldic League, on pretence of persuading some of the wavering cities to constancy; but I know that the Landgrave of Hesse, head of that League, disliked the conditions of the peace, knowing the French king's falsehood, especially when in the treaty of peace there were certain ridiculous things about a protestation made by the daughter of the prince of Navarre before four cardinals, viz., that he promises to satisfy the princes of Germany therewith that the marriage of the duke of Cleves is null. The King might well make closer friendship with the Landgrave, who alone reveals the French arts by ridicule, as lately, when he said about the peace related to him by Duke Maurice, his son-in-law: "Pacem earn nihil suis nociturum Caesarem (sic) Majestatem Imperii jam hostem declaratum Gallum non servasse." The Emperor, although he seems since his treaty with the French king to do some things against the King, is not really changed, but does so to satisfy the French king, and Granvelle, the persuader of the peace, knowing that he has sinned, must concede somewhat; but it is true that the greatest hope of the fulfilment of the conditions before the eighth month is in the King's war with the French king, as will be known at the third or fourth sitting of the princes and states of Germany. Let the King seek no Spaniards nor let them be in any town more powerful than the English. William a Furstenberg, if at liberty and not bound by oath, may be retained through the Lantgrave. He has great influence with the Germans, and is a great leader and great opponent of the French king, especially if that King has Duke Christopher and Vogelspergius on his side. He hates the Landenbergs and was the cause of the brother's execution at Lyons. The Duke of Orleans is to come to the Diet, to attract, if possible, the princes of Germany. Duke Francis of Lorraine is also to come, and the hostages for restitution of Savoy, viz., M. de Laval, Card. Medon and the Admiral's son. The Emperor will do nothing by force against the abp. of Cologne, lest he should seem to break the peace, but commissions the bps. of Liege and Utrecht to admonish their metropolitan and declare his answer in the Diet of Worms; meanwhile, however, he is to innovate nothing at Cologne. This the Emperor wrote to Cleves as the abp.'s chief dependent (alumnus). All Lower Germany murmurs at this peace, nor was the Queen unmoved at it, although the people is somewhat gladdened because Franciscus Dilphus, a pious and learned man, is sent ambassador to the King, and not a Burgundian. New ambassadors created are, to the French king Mons. de Sainct Maurice, a Burgundian, kinsman of Granvelle; to the Hungarians, Gerardus a Velwich, secretary of the Emperor. In Germauy hitherto, out of Metz, has always remained John a Navia (?), vice-chancellor of the Empire.
	It is for your lordship (fn. n4) to signify to the King such of these things as seem worth writing. Subscribed. "Xpianissime ac Ser^me Regis Angliæ Ma^ti addictissimus et obsequentissimus vasallus," but not signed.
	Lat., pp. 4.
R. O.	3. "Ordo militiæ Cæsareæ majestatis in expeditione adversus Regem Galliæ, anno 1544."
	Chief captain and lieutenant, Ferdinandus de Gonzaga, prince of Melfi, duke of Ariadne and viceroy of Sicily. Master of the camp, Count Johannes Baptista Gastaldo, an Italian. Captain of the artillery, Johannes Jacobus de Medices, marquis of Melignani, an Italian. Commissary general, Franciscus Duarte, a Spaniard. Controller, Sanchius Brauo de Lagunas, a Spaniard. Commissary general of High Germany, Johannes a Liera, lord of Berchem, a Brabanter. General "computator, quem Hispani contador vocant," Ynichus de Peralta, a Spaniard. Treasurer general, Petrus de Hoyos, a Spaniard. General of justice (who had under him 136 horse), Sebastianus Schertel a Burtenbach, a German. There were two auditors general of complaints, viz. Dr. Nic. Zinner, a German, and Dr. Johannes Duarte, a Spaniard. Chief disposer of the night watches was Comendator Cylly, a Burgundian. Chief of the bands of victuallers was Johannes vander Noot, a Brabanter. There were many commissaries over the monthly musters, including the Count a Zolleren and Chr. a Schauvenburg, but their chief was Johannes a Liera.
	"Ordo et numerus exercitus, juxta delectus habiti (sic) mensi Julii.
	"Franciscus Estensis, marchio Padule, qui preerat equitibus levioris armature, habebat sub se 562. Mauritius dux Saxoniæ habebat sub se Superioris Germanise equites 1,124. Albertus marchio Brandenburgensis habebat etiam equites Germanos 900. Johannes Hilichin de Lorch, mareschalcus equitum Superioris Germanise, 230. Franciscus comes a Manderschid 200. Herman us comes Nove Aquilæ 200. Johannes comes a Nassau 100. Goricus baro de Creanges alias Kriechnghen 150. Wolfgangus, Magnus Prussise Magister, suis propriis expensis, 130. Sebastianus Schertel a Burtenpach 136. Wolfardus comes a Mansfeld 180. Hii omnes sunt equites Superioris Germaniæ.
	"Equites Inferioris Germaniæ.
	"Renatus Aurangii princeps, qui omnium bendarum erat capitaneus generalis, habebat duos mareschalcos, DD. de Brederode et Bossu. D. de Brederodi qui alias bendas sub se habebat, utpote comitis [sc. Johannis Ernesti] (fn. n5) a Mansfeld et D. a Brynni Court, 1,000. D. de Bossu qui ea ratione fere totidem equitibus irnperitabat 1,000. Restabat ipsius Principis qua regebat Liber Turcb, post data Comiti ,de Eggmont, 270. Phalanx Caesarea suorum aulicorum constabat 500. Dominus Dishey habebat sub se equites Burgundos levioris armature 130.
	"[Summa equitum 6,772, unde levioris armature 692.] (fn. n5)
	"Ordo peditum Superioris Germaniæ.
	"Guillelmus comes a Furstenberg habebat viginti signa et tres coronellos, nempe baronem a Cunhech, Georgium a Boulach et Bernardum a Thalam; duo imperitabant septem vexillis, tertius sex; continebat plenus numerus 8,700. Conrardus a Bemelberg, eques, D. in Ehinghen, qui todidem vexillis prefuit, habebat quatuor coronellos, quilibet eorum regebat quinque vexilla, nempe baro Hildebrandus de Madrusch, Bernardus a Schauenburg, Conrardus ab Honstain et Erasmus vander Hauben, constabat plenus numerus 8,456. Georgius a Ratispona habebat septem vexilla que hibernarant apud Samarobrinam, constabat 3,100. Sigismundus a Landenberg, qui post venit cum septem vexillis, nam tres reliquerat in presidiis aliquorum oppidorum Luzenburgi, constabat 2,492.
	"Pedites Inferioris Germaniæ.
	"Viginti vexilla conscripserat princeps Aurangiæ in Germania Inferiori quibus preerat Johannes a Sallant, Geldrensis, constabat plenus numerus 6,646.
	"Pedites Hispani.
	"Sub Lodovico Perez de Bargas, legionis Italici 2,122. Sub Alvaro de Sande, legionis Sicilii 1,754. Sub Guascone de Acuna qui novissime appulerant 3,400.
	["Summa peditum 36,470.] (fn. n5)
	"Sexaginta duo tormenta bellica diversa.
	"Ducentos currus cum singulis octo equis, pro ducendo comeatu tantum (?). Quatuor mille equi ad tormenta bellica et munitias vehendas.
	Lat., pp. 4. In the same hand as § 2.
14 Dec.	744. Vaughan to Paget.
R. O.	Does not write at length because the bearers are in great haste, but refers to his letters to the King. Will write to-morrow. Andwerp, 14 Dec.
	P.S.—When the party (fn. n6) comes that he writes of to the King he should be made much of as a meet man for intelligences.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.: 1544.
14 Dec.	745. Vaughan to Paget.
R.O.	Commands the bearer Antonio de Musica, who, it seems, has long been accustomed to give intelligence to the ambassadors with the Emperor, and now repairs to the King to deelare "many things now a practising." Paget will find him well riped in languages and of a pretty wit. Would like him to know that he has sped the better for Vaughan's "incommendacion," and thinks that if helped to speak with the King he will be the more encouraged. Sent this morning, by one Wigmore, a merchant of London, certain writings which he delivered; and has given him 10 cr. in his purse.
	Will send the damask cloths, toweis and napkins by the first ship. Desires to be helped to a piece or two of good French wine, and that John Griffeth, his substitute in the office of the Faculties, may receive it. Daily searches Andwerp for a piece of white damask; but finds neither good nor white, "but suche slubberyd cullours as I wold be shamyd to send yow." Has little hope of finding any by Paget's day. Andwerp, 14 Dec. 1544.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.
14 Dec.	746. Chr. Mont to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., x. 232.	Wrote on 20 Oct. both to Henry and his secretary (fn. n7) that the Germans seemed to desire a league with him. The secretary's answer arrived three days ago, advising him to write the cause of his thinking this. It is that some leading men, hearing of the peace between the Emperor and French king, and Henry's answer to Card. Bellay, wrote to the Landgrave that they feared some danger to the Protestants from this unexpected alliance; and also some injury to Henry, through the wiles of the Roman pontiff, and therefore occasion should be taken to make a firm amity between Henry and the king of Denmark. The Landgrave answered that he had forwarded the letter to Denmark. Has also heard the fear expressed that the Emperor and French king may make a joint attack on the Protestants (the French king being offended at the decree of war against him by the orders of the Empire) and England: and there can be no lasting friendship with such a difference of religion as is between the Emperor and Henry. The day after receiving the Secretary's letter Mont visited a person of authority, whom he found in favour of an alliance between Henry and the Protestants, and who agreed to write to the Landgrave exhorting him to reconcile the minds of the other orders of the Smalcaldic League to it. It will, however, be necessary for Mont himself to go to the Landgrave, for treating by letters or by the orators of those Princes who are now at Worms would be too cold and slow. Nothing certain is to be looked for from the coming of the Princes themselves to the Diet; for Hesse has said he will not come and it is unlikely that Saxony will be there. Is himself moved both by religion and patriotism to seek this league.
	Two days ago arrived from France two servants of Captain Recroed; who showed the other captains that the French king had appointed to retain 20,000 German foot against Henry besides the six standards now in France. Suspects that this was rather boastful; but knows that the French king does retain captains for next summer. Ex posta ad Spiram, 14 Dec. 1544.
	Lat. Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.
14 Dec	747. Chr. Mont to Paget.
R. O.	On the 10th inst. received his two letters, at Strasburg, from Mr. Waughan, but could not reply sooner because of the posts to Antwerp. Has written to the King the cause of his former writing to Paget. To get full information and to sound the orators of the Princes now in the Diet at Worms, is himself starting on the long and difficult journey to the Landgrave. Will use due moderation, but does not doubt the King's goodwill to these States. This journey will be too costly for his means, but he trusts to the King's liberality. For this, will beg the joint suit of his patron, the lord Chancellor, "cujus syngrapham promisse jam olim mihi remunerationis ad D.V. mitto." Commendations to his colleague Dr. Petre. Ex posta apud Spiram, 14 Dec. 1544.
	Lat. Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
14 Dec.	748. Prince Philip to Charles V.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 260.]	Details the opinions of the Spanish Councillors as to the alternative marriages stipulated for the Duke of Orleans by the treaty of Crespy. Delegates to the Council of Trent. The article concluded with France touching the Indies. Valladolid, 14 Dec. 1544.
	Spanish, pp. 17. Modern copy from Simancas.
	^*^ Another modern copy is in B.M. (Add. MS. 28,594, f. 41).
15 Dec.	749. Giles Forster to Ant. Bourchier.
R. O.	Desires word by bearer whether Bourchier has got him the Queen's Council's discharge "for the respyt ye have . . . on my hede consarnyng the frayerys off Warweke[shire] and Worseter." Desires answer, as he must shortly pay his half year's rent to Mr. Clement Frogmortton. If Bourchier has not remembered him, he will gladly come up shortly and be a suitor to Mr. Chancellor therein. Balsall, 15 Dec.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Auditor to the Queen's Grace, at London.
16 Dec.	750. Sir Th. Holcroft to Shrewsbury.
Shrewsb. MS., A., p. 199. Heralds' College. Lodge, i. 83.	Is commanded to see my lord of Lynnyx conveyed to Carlys (sic) and there remain with him, who, in passing, should make Shrewsbury privy to his directions. As, however, Shrewsbury has passed further into the North and Lynnyx is weary and cannot well get horses, he intends to go the next way to Carlys, and has written to Shrewsbury and sent the copy of his instructions. Being so commanded by the Council, Holcroft will not part from him. Was told by Secretary Pagett to make speed, and also that Shrewsbury would be written to to see him paid here 20s. a day from the time he parted from the King, which was 9 Dec, until his return. Dorton, 16 Dec. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.. lieutenant general in the North parts.
16 Dec.	751. Vaughan to Paget.
R. O.	Finds it impossible by secret means to know the money owing to the merchants now in the Cold Mart; and, if Paget means to stay it to pay the King's debt then due, it is to be considered that the King is bound to pay on the 10th Feb. and the payments owing to the merchants will not be made in six weeks after that, and the merchants likewise owe money to be paid in the said Mart and cannot spare it. No Staplers are yet come, nor do they come until the beginnning of the payments, viz. about Candlemas.
	Hears that the French king makes great provision against next year, both of ships and rowing galleys, to send men into Scotland. It were well to look and hearken what is done, and especially to look to the seas. "And unless the K.'s Ma^te provide to trim his ships meet to match with the French king's galleys they will do much hurt." Wrote the offer of certain Spaniards and Italians, but has no answer.
	Will send Paget's damask diaper with the first. Cannot get good white damask. All the good silks are sent into England. "The Court here is nothing so gallant of women as our Court in England. Here are no dames that will wear whites. They be but counterfeits to our dames, so that whites, yellows, reds, blues and such fresh colours go from hence straight into England." Has written to John Griffith, his substitute, to resort to Paget for two barrels of herrings and 2 pieces of wine.
	The bp. of Rome's nuncio has intimated to the Emperor a General Council at Trent at our Lady Day in Lent next. The Emperor lies "still of the gout" at Gawnt. He has been looked for here 10 days past; and now it is thought that he will return to Bruxelles and go thence into Almayn.
	Begs to be helped to such money as the Queen owes him. Jasper Dowche and he have communed how to get the King more money here, and Dowche has written his devices to Bart. Campaigne. Andwerp, 16 Dec.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd.: 1544.
[17 Dec.] (fn. n8)	752. [The Privy Council] to Wotton.
R. O.	"Mr. Wootton, after our right hearty commendations, forasmuch as the King's Majesty doubteth not" but that the French king will this next summer do his utmost to recover Boulloyn and annoy the King's subjects at sea, he thinks it expedient to have a number of galleys (having ports for their refuge on both sides of the Narrow Seas), and prays you to make request to the Emperor for "the number of ten galleys, either to be lent by the said Emperor unto his Highness well furnished with mariners and ordnance and in all other things so equipped as is requisite for the war to serve his Highness upon these seas; or else to sell him so many for his money, with slaves and all things appertaining." The King will pay the captains and soldiers reasonable wages, as other princes pay. [If this request is granted he must report who shall be the captain and all particulars by an express messenger.] (fn. n9)
	Draft, corrected by Paget, pp. 2.
[17 Dec]	753. Lennox to Shrewsbury.
Shrewsb. MS., A., p. 209. Heralds' College.	Since despatching my other writings to you, I received from Court two packets of letters, one to you, which please receive by post, and the other to lord Whartoun, which I have carried with me. If yours contain matter concerning me, please advertise me by post at Carlisle and I will repair to you. I make diligence to Carlisle, so as to get intelligence the sooner out of Scotland, and to know if my servant that passed to Dumbertane is sped. Darnetoun, this Wednesday, at night. Signed: Mathow erll of Lenax.
	P. 1. Add.: lieutenant general to the King's Majesty in the North.
17 Dec.	754. Lord Evers to Shrewsbury.
Shrewsb. MS., A., p. 191. Heralds' College.	Since departing from him at Morpethe, has, at Alnewicke, received two letters (enclosed) from his servant Win. Bucton, one of his deputies of the Marches, viz., one from Bucton and the other from John Carr, captain of Warke. Alnewicke, 17 Dec, at 9 p.m.
	ii. W[illiam] B[ucton] to Lord Evers.
	This afternoon I received the enclosed letter from John Carr, of W[arke]. A man from the lord of Cornhill has just come, saying that William a Swynnoe abode in Myllenstanes on Tuesday night, and this Wednesday the lord of Buccleughe is come and "besieges them there." I sent word west again to "call upon them of Warke, Twidell and tho[se of] the Marse that be assured; for I think Buccleugh wi[ll] be no party to gainstand them if these that be assured keep truth." Berwick, 17 Dec., 4 p.m. W. B.
	iii. John Carr and —— Swynho to Lord Evers.
	On Monday night, (fn. n10) my son John Carr, Wm. Swynho of Cornall, my brother, the garrison of Warke and Cornall, Robert Dicson of Browtherig, 20 of the Dicsons and other men with him, and Daind Carr of Gaetshawe and 30 [of . . . . ppuston and . . . . . . with them, rode to the head of Ca[wthe]rdale, to a town called Glengelt, "and brunt it on the daielight and ran a foreye all the contre about, belonginge to th'erle Bodwell and lord Burlik (?), and g[at together] xxx^xx sheep . . . hed of nowt, xxx nagges and some prisoners, and myckle insight gere. And as they camme by Ca[wt]her a bastard sonne of John . . wnis (Hume's ?), of Blecweter and a noodre [of] the persons of [Caw]ther and John Pringill of [the] Murrus and [hi]s son and a brodre of the lard of Thornedickes camme in and shot arrowes amonges our men, and strake a man throwghe the arme and hurt a horse. And then our men made a chase on them and toke the lard of Thornedickes brothre in the chase and stroke to the yerthe John Pringle of the Murrus, wiche was rescued againe by the feowe (?) men of Cawther." Warke, 17 Dec. John Carr: Swynho.
	Copies, pp. 2. Endd.: The copie of the lord Euries l're w^t ij oodre l'res sent to the same from Buc[ton] and John Car[re] of the xvijth of [Dec]embre 1544.
17 Dec.	755. Vaughan to the Council.
R. O.	After many devices, has at last brought Jasper Dowche to come this day in a great heat, saying that he would repair into England if licensed to bring certain gold plate and jewels and to depart with it free of custom if not sold to the King. The plate and jewels are, he says, the Fowkers'; and he seems to have been in hand with them to deliver a sum of money to the King and will carry their answer. Thus he hopes the better to come by the recovery of his "woode" (woad) lately taken in England. "Of whom (because he glorieth in his being master of the Emperor's finances, and thereby also a counsellor to the same) if your Honours make much and cause him to be gently entertained it may be that both he shall show your Lordships a heap of devices meet for your knowledges and receive an occasion to do the K's Ma^te right good service in these parts." He "ruleth all the rout of merchants" here, and yet is "easily beloved amongst them." He is a fine master of finances, witty and subtle, and from twice falling in decay is lustily risen into great wealth.
	Has concluded the prolongation of the payments that should have been made this month to 10 Feb. next with the houses of Bonvyce, Gwynychy and Balbany, and expects to do so to-morrow with John Carolo. It is said that the French king prepares to send an army to Bullen, a great navy to the sea and many men into Scotland. Andwerp, 17 Dec.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.: 1544.
17 Dec.	756. Vaughan to Paget.
R. O.	As the days of payment of the money of the merchants' credence fast approach, reminds him that the King is bound to pay two thirds in valued gold and one in valued white money; and, as Jasper Dowche has promised to go into England (as Vaughan now writes to the Council) if licensed to bring certain plate and jewels, Paget should signify the King's pleasure therein.
	Has bought all Paget's diaper damask, table cloths, towels and napkins, laden them in a hoy of this town belonging to John Mattys, and written to His brother Thomas Lodge to receive and deliver them. "It is said here that ye are coming over into these parts, whereof I would be exceeding glad." Andwerp, 17 Dec.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.: 1544.
17 Dec.	757. Vaughan to Paget.
R.O.	Certifies what damask cloth he has bought for Paget and will this day ship it to John Gruffith, his substitute, to keep until sent for. Remember my wine and herrings, and let the said John Griffithe, who has charge at my house, know where to have it, "for here is no wines of France to sell, and never drank I worse Renysshe wines." Andwerp, 17 Dec.
	Hol., p. 1. Add, Endd.: 1544.
17 Dec.	758. Edmond Harvel to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Wrote on the 10th inst. of the report that Cardinal Pole should go to France. It is now confirmed that the Bishop will send him thither, With S^r Alexandro Vitelly, one of his chief captains, and 6,000 Italians to be used against Henry. This is intended not so much to annoy Henry as to impedite the General Council; "but your Majesty ought to be of invincible courage and virtue both against this antichrist as also the Turk's confederate, (fn. n11) hoping firmly that God will help and fortunate the same in his rightful cause against all enemies." That traitor Pole is by all men of judgment hated. "But th . . . * * * (one line lost) that it shal beginne this moneth of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the Bushup shal litil injoye the sending of Pole and sodiers to France, having only confidence in the French faction to prevaile agenst the Concel." Encloses copy of a letter from Constantinople. The Turk (fn. n12) at leaving Constantinople gave great alms and made offers in his "muskaye" (mosque), a thing he is not accustomed to do except when going in expedition. He has commanded the Tartars to serve him with 50,000 men in the wars, written to the Queen of Hungary in Transylvania to provide victuals, and deputed 30,000 Acangi ("which are venturers living only by prey without wages") to go into Hungary. Evidently he intends to prevent the preparations of Ferdinando. There is mention that he will besiege both Vienna and Lintz at one time. Venice, 17 Dec. 1544.
	Hol., p. 1. Faded. Fly leaf with address lost.
17 Dec.	759. Bishopric of Dunkeld.
Brady, Ep. Succ., i. 130.	Note that in Consistory, 17 Dec. 1544, the Pope provided to the church of Dunkeld, void by the death of George Chreeton, John Hamiltoun, abbot of Paisley ; with pensions of 500 ducats to Robert Waucop, S.T.P., and 1,000l Sc. to Alex Capell, clk.
	Lat. A modern brief abstract of this, from the Acta Consistorialia, is in R.O.
18 Dec.	760. Shrewsbury and Sadler to Henry VIII.
Add. MS. 32,656, f. 95. B.M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 386.	Of late received letters from the Privy Council signifying that some experienced men thought that if 1,000 of the garrisons on the Borders were distributed in places of Scotland where the inhabitants are become his subjects and servants it would be a great stay to those who come in and an annoyance to the enemies; and requiring the writers to consult with men of experience upon this and upon some order to be taken for the ministration of justice among the Scottishmen now come in. Have now been at Alnewycke and there communed with the Wardens of the East, West and Middle Marches, Sir Brian Layton, captain of Norham, Robert Collingwood, John Horseley and John Carre, captain of Warke, the men of best experience on all the Borders. It is thought that garrisons laid in the places named in the enclosed schedule would conduce much to Henry's affairs; but the country thereabouts in Scotland is too devastated for victual to be had there, and here is such dearth that grain must shortly be brought from other parts if the number now in garrison shall remain. If there were corn here it might at all times be conveyed to those places, if the Scottishmen who are become his subjects and servants keep faith, but not otherwise. Whether the gentlemen of Scotland, owners of the houses meet for the garrisons, would be content to abandon them or suffer Englishmen to lie there with them, the writers cannot yet certify. As to administration of justice; people who have so long lived without any order of justice must be discreetly handled at the beginning, but when they "have felt the sweetness, wealth and quietness that may grow of the same," it will doubtless become acceptable to them. The Wardens are the meetest ministers for that charge (each within the parts adjoining his rule) with the assistance of some learned men.
	To Alnewycke repaired the laird of Farnyherste's second son, Robin Carre, the laird of Cesforde's brother, Andrew Carre, the lairds of Bonjedwoorth, Hunthill, Greneheid and Hundelee, the sheriff of Tevidale and Adam Kirton, acknowledging themselves to be Henry's subjects and requiring to be used as Englishmen, and to be aided with money to entertain soldiers. With thanks for their towardness in last journey for the relief of Coldingham, gave them good words that, continuing as they had begun, they should be aided and defended like other subjects. Took the opportunity to feel how they would take it if, for their defence, the King would lay garrisons of Englishmen amongst them. They seemed nothing willing to have such garrisons, especially in their houses, which are the meetest places, but would rather have money to entertain "wageors," as they call them, and assistance from the Wardens when required. Finally, they would consider the matter, and, ere long, advertise the Warden of the Middle Marches what number of Englishmen might lie in garrison among them and what victual might be had in Scotland.
	Wharton desires 100 light horse to lie in garrison at Langholme, which he can always victual out of Carlisle. He has since the surprise of Langholme kept it at his own charge, and has been at other charges in giving rewards to Scottishmen and keeping their pledges. Likewise the Wardens of the East and Middle Marches are charged with their pledges, for whom the Scots look to have at least meat and drink. Cannot learn that there has been any precedent for this heretofore, or "that the like case hath been in ure afore this time."
	Perceive by letters of the Privy Council of the 10th, not received until the 16th at night, that Hume castle is thought a very necessary piece, if it might be gotten; and that now, when the Scots are retired, before the light of this moon, is the time to attempt it. Conferred with the Wardens of the East and Middle Marches and Sir Brian Leyton therein, and find that, to assemble a force (which for that purpose, should be able to withstand the power of Scotland), 2,000 men at least must be levied in Yorkshire, besides those of the Bishopric and Northumberland, and they could not come from Yorkshire, 100 miles from the Borders, before the light of this moon. Also there is great scarcity (the men assembled to relieve Coldingham could not have kept together one hour longer) and the the plague still reigns in Newcastle and other places of the Bishopric. Besides, Hume Castle is so strong and holds such artillery that it cannot be won without, at least, one cannon and a culveryn, the carriage of which through the Marshe of Scotland at this season would be almost impossible, and the way from Warke is not passable when Twede is up. To go thither with great ordnance would ask two days and to return as much; and, if it held out two or three days or more, lying in the fields without covering at this season would cause great decay of all the good horses on the Borders, and were hardly endurable by men. To get carriage for tents and victuals, or even to get victuals, seems impossible in so short a time, or until corn is brought hither from elsewhere; as bearer Sir Brian Layton can declare, whom they have thought best to send up for the purpose, and who in last journey to Coldingham and at all times has deserved thanks. Send herewith advertisements from the Borders, from Thos. Goure and out of Scotland. Beg him to consider Goure's suit, which they think reasonable. Enclose copy of letters which the earl of Casselles' pledges and others have now written, upon the proclamation lately sent hither. All the other pledges have written to like effect. Morpeth, 18 Dec. 1544. Signed.
	Pp. 8. Add. Endd.
18 Dec.	761. Men of Lubeck to the Council.
R. O.	In the past year they sent a ship, of which Wm. Hoveken was master, to England, where it was arrested for the King's service against his enemies and an English captain was put aboard at Dover. Afterwards the captain and the master went ashore on business, and the captain, returning on board alone, set sail without the master. Next day Hoveken, the master, followed in another ship, which was wrecked, and he and almost all on board perished. A few days later the Lubeck ship was wrecked near Dorthmunde on the English coast (fn. n13). The said master, before the ship left London in the King's fleet, commissioned certain merchants to sell it to the King, and they approached the lord Chancellor with a petition that, since the ship did not wholly belong to the master, it should be hired, and letters of insurance against risk given. The lord Chancellor answered that the King did not give such letters. They then offered to sell it at a reasonable price, but had received no answer when it was sent to the King's fleet. Beg the King to repay their loss, and have commissioned their proctors to petition for this. "Lubecæ, Jovis post Luciæ anno '44." Subscribed: "cives, exercitores et conductores navis que defunctum Wilhelmum Houeken navarchum habuit."
	Lat., pp. 3. Begins: Spectabiles, magnifici, necnon prudentissimi viri atque domini nostri.
19 Dec.	762. The Queen's Lands.
R. O.	Notes of receipt from Thos. Beson, 8 May and 19 Dec. 36 Hen. VIII. of the issues of his office due to the Queen at Lady Day and Michaelmas respectively, 130l. and 241l. 18s. Also of similar receipt from John Greynfeld, 13 May and 21 Nov., 36 Hen. VIII, 124l. and 242l.
	P. 1.
19 Dec.	763. Lord Evers and Sir Ralph Evers to Shrewsbury.
Shrewsb. MS., A., p. 203. Heralds' College.	Heretofore received his letters together with a bill of complaint exhibited to the Lord Chancellor by George Baldkyne against Thomas Carre of Durhame for the conveyance of horses and other things into Scotland. At a Warden court holden at Alnwyke, 18 Dec, both parties having 20 days' warning, Baldkyne exhibited a bill of indictment against Carre for selling a horse and a mare to certain Scottishmen; and surceased all other matters by order of the said court. Enclose the finding of the inquest, with names of the jurors. Alnwyke, 19 Dec. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.
Ib.	2. "Alnewyk. Cur. Gardianitatis ibid, tent.," 18 Dec. 36 Hen. VIII., before Sir Wm. lord Ewre, lord Warden of the East Marches and Sir Ralph Ewre, lord Warden of the Middle Marches.
	Jury panel:—Robt. Ogle knight, lord Ogle, Lyonelle Greye, George Fenwyk, John Ogle of Kyrkleye, John Ogle of Ogle, Roger Thorneton, John Fenwyk, Ric. Rotherford, Gawyn Mytford, Thos. Carleyll, Wm. Swynborne, Thos. Hebborne, Matth. Whitfeyld, Thos. Claveringe.
	As to the grey horse supposed to have been sold by Thos. Carre of Durham to one Carnecotes, a Scottishman, at Cornell, the inquest lacks evidence. As to the white mare supposed to have been sold to Sir John Camell, the evidence contains such difficulties that they desire respite till Candlemas.
	P. 1. Heading in Latin.
19 Dec.	764. Vaughan to the Council.
R. O.	Has devised with Jasper Dowche that the best means to obtain money for thsse King here is to procure obligations of both the Greshams, Ralph Warren and other known men, wherewith to get money or merchandise, as pepper and fustians, which may be uttered again for ready money. This must be handled very closely, and the better to bring it to pass the fattest of the substantial Merchants Adventurers must be induced to repair hither (for, as Vaughan explains at great length, the English trade suffers and their nation is brought into disrepute by the youth of those here) and employed while here to serve the King's purpose.
	A Frenchman in Antwerp whom this bearer knows, a broker, offers to buy 200 fowthers of lead at 4l. 3s. 4d., if delivered him in London with the King's safeconduct, to be paid for two months after delivery. Bearer can give information of this and of a talk with Erasmus Kettes, a merchant of the house of Acon, of great riches and more honesty, for another bargain of lead. If anything is devised with the merchants, Vaughan should not be a doer therein, lest his presence bewray all. Mr. Damesell is perplexed between two commissions from their Honors, one to buy gunpowder and the other to buy saltpetre and no gunpowder, because, upon his first commission, he had bargained for the powder. As it is not possible to provide any quantity of saltpetre from hence, Vaughan has counselled him not to depart from his bargain of the powder until sure of the saltpetre; for otherwise he should neither buy the same powder at the same price nor be trusted any more by the merchants he bought it from. One has just come from John Carolo (who gave the Vivalde credence here for 25,000 cr.) saying that the Welsars and he could not agree about new bills of credence, although he offers always to make his bills for the prolongation of the payment in the same form as before. Guesses that it will be no great matter. Andwerp, 19 Dec. 1544.
	Hol., pp. 5. Add. Endd.
19 Dec.	765. Vaughan to Paget.
R. O.	Has laden all the diaper damask that Paget wrote for in a hoy of John Mattis, which departs for England to-day, consigned to his brother-in-law, Thomas Lodge, dwelling over against St. Mighelles church in Cornehill; contents herein. Sends a letter to the Council, which is his device for getting a new credence here, and which he wishes to be first seen by my lord Chancellor. "Jasper Douche told me that Bar. Compaigne wrote to him that ye were coming over into these parts, but by that time I had seen his letter I perceived it was Mr. Mason." Lately signified that Jasper Dowche promised to come to England if licensed to bring certain jewels and gold plate and carry them out free of custom if unsold. The King's pleasure should be sent with speed, "for if he be not taken in his heat he will never go, so fickle and wayward I find him, and so loth to hop over our seas."
	List of the damask above referred to.
	Once again begs help with the Queen's chancellor and secretary for the money she owes him for his late wife's account. If helped to come to his house, left in charge of youth, he would be half kept from undoing. Has here no more to do when this money is paid, and it might as well be done by Mr. Chamberleyn and Wm. Damesell. Andwerp, 19 Dec.
	"Here I am at great charge forced to keep a table without thrift, and money at such a price, by mean of th'exchange lately made in England, that a pound ster. is worth here but xxvs. Flemish. I am cumbered with captains and javelles that an angel would be weary of."
	Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd. 1544.
20 Dec.	766. Privateers.
Harl. MS. 442, f. 213. B. M.	Proclamation, made 20 Dec. 36 Henry VIII, licensing all subjects to equip vessels to sea against the Scots and Frenchmen; enjoining upon officers of port towns to help that this liberty may have substantial effect; and forbidding the taking of mariners, munition or tackle from such as so equip themselves.
	Modern copy, p. 1.
Soc. Ant.	2. Another modern copy.
Procl., ii. 145.	P 1.
20 Dec.	767. [Ant. Bourchier] to [Giles Forster.]
R. O.	Has not forgotten his discharge of 12l. 18s. 11d. yearly, viz. for the "frarye within the countie of Warr. and Coventrie" 6l. 13s. 4d., for the "frarie" in co. Wore. 6l. 5s. 7d. and 14s. 9d. residue of the same farm. He need not trouble himself with further suits, for though his last book of account is not yet declared, the writer is assured of Mr. Chancellor and the rest of the Queen's Council (of which he is one). Instead of the nag he promised for pains taken herein, the writer would have a well-favoured gelding sent up before Lent, and pay for it. London, 20 Dec. 1544.
	Corrected draft, pp. 2.
20 Dec.	768. The Laird of Fernyherst to Shrewsbury.
20 Dec. Shrewsb. MS., P., p. 325. Heralds' College. Stevenson's "Selections," 16. (Maitl. Club.)	I perceive by bearer your Lordship's kindness to my young son, Thome Ker, and good mind to him "anents ye scuyll" (school). I would desire and pray you to hold him still with you and not send him southward, "for I am agyt and crasit, and it dois me grete comfort to heyr how he is intretyt, and his weilfayre, becaws he is haldyn so new witht yowr L." I have great lack of my son, Jhone Ker, for whom the country will do much, "for he has the use of the Borders well"; wherefore, I desire you to take such sureties as we can get for him in both realms and let him come home to do the King service. Farnyherst, 20 Dec. Signed: Farnyherst.
	P. 1. Add.: leftennand to the Kinges Majeste in ye Northe partis.
21 Dec.	769. War Expenses.
	Commission to take accounts. See Grants in December, No. 30.
21 Dec.	770. Shrewsbury and Others to the Council.
Add. MS. 32,656, f. 100. B.M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 387.	Enclose letters received from the Wardens of the East and West Marches, among them one to the King from Linoux and Wharton, one from Wharton to the Council, and one to my lady of Linoux. Darneton, 21 Dec. 1544. Signed by Shrewsbury, Tunstall and Sadler.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
22 Dec.	771. Convocation of York.
Wilkins iii. 871.	During the voidance of the see of York by the death of Edw. Lee the writ dated 9 Dec. 36 Hen. VIII. was received for the prelates and clergy to be convoked with all convenient speed. Whether anything was done is uncertain, but this synod was certainly prorogued by writ dated 22 Dec. 36 Hen. VIII.
	Lat. Note from the York register.
22 Dec.	772. Shrewsbury and Others to the Council.
Add. MS. 32,656, f. 102. B.M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 388.	Enclose letters from Lord Wharton and Thomas Gower with intelligence out of Scotland. Darneton, 22 Dec. 1544. Signed by Shrewsbury, Tunstall and Sadler.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
22 Dec.	773. Edmond Harvel to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., x. 234.	Wrote on the 17th inst. The Bishop of Rome has since published a bull intimating the General Council to begin at Trent the fourth week of Lent. Thinks it far from the Bishop's intention to have a free and Christian Council. Wrote of the public fame that Cardinal Pole should be sent to France with S^r Alexandra Vitelli, and that the Bishop was preparing 6,000 Italians for the French king against Henry; howbeit there is no further mention of this. The Bishop lately made 13 cardinals, (fn. n14) three at the Emperor's instance and two at the French King's. Wrote in his last of the Turk's intended expedition against Ferdinando. Venice, 22 Dec. 1544.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
24 Dec.	774. Cardinal Betoun to Card. S. Crucis.
Theiner, 615.	Would inform him oftener of the state of this realm but that the enemies intercept their letters. Has written often to his Holiness of the affliction of the realm. Has himself shunned neither labour nor danger to preserve peace, nourish concord between the princes, and pluck out heresies. Begs him to move the Pope to the defence of the realm against the English. The Patriarch and Adam More, the writer's secretary, would relate the afflictions of the realm, and the letters now sent again warn his Holiness how much is due for the defence of the realm, seeing the tender age of the infant Queen, the lamentable death of the King, the rage and cruelty of the enemies, our continual obedience to the Holy See, and their disobedience. Edinburgh, 24 Dec. 1544.
	Lat.
24 Dec.	775. Mayor and Eschevins of Arras to Mary of Hungary.
R. O.	On the 17th inst. certain compaignons took, about a league from this town, 26 horses harnessed to two wagons and three carts carrying merchandise to France, belonging to merchants of this town; and brought the horses and drivers to the village of St. Venant, where they made the drivers promise to pay at Calaix 350 cr. of gold within eight days. They then dismissed the horses and men, except the two principal men, whom they detained in pledge. As this capture was made near this town, and some of the Emperor's subjects were among the compaignons, and such captures might turn to the great prejudice of Arthois, where there is already great poverty and famine, they beg her to take order that the "carthons et voicturiers" detained at Calais may be delivered free, as they were taken in Arthois, and no hostilities should take place at present, seeing that there is peace between the Emperor [and] the kings of France and England. Arras, 24 Dec. 1544.
	French, pp. 3. Headed: "Copie." Endd.: The Regent of Flaundres to th'Empereur's ambassadours resident here.
25 Dec.	776. Vaughan to Paget.
R. O.	This bearer Antonio de Mora, a Spaniard, is the captain who has so often offered to serve the King with 400 or 500 Spaniards. He may bring very good men, and much desires to serve. If refused, he and his company must serve in France. My lord Privy Seal knows his service and diligence. Please "cause them to be gently entertained at their coming, which will give them the more courage to serve." Antwerp, 25 Dec.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.: 1544.