|
|
Nov 1.
Senato,
Secreta.
Dispacci,
Padova.
Venetian
Archives. |
35. The Rectors of Padua, to the Doge and Senate.
The Resident of England has seen me, the Captain, this
morning, and after the usual compliments, as he knew me
when I was ambassador in that kingdom, (fn. 1) he told me that the
ambassador extraordinary of his king was coming here, as we
knew from another quarter. He had mounted horses yesterday
expecting him here that evening. He dilated on the rank of
the ambassador, who came with a suite of quite sixty persons.
He could not tell me the object of the embassy, except that
he did not think it could merely be for compliments. He told
me of the extraordinary honours the ambassador had received
from the Duke of Savoy and the Governor of Milan. I cannot
feel quite sure whether the resident claims or wishes any
honours to be shown to the ambassador here. However we
cannot pretend not to know about it and so we have thought
proper to advise your Excellencies.
Padua the 1st November, 1632.
Postscript : the ambassador has just arrived and is lodging
at the hostelry. We fancy he means to stay here to-morrow
to dine.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 4.
Senato,
Secreta.
Dispacci,
Signori
Stati.
Venetian
Archives. |
36. Alvise Contarini, Venetian Ambassador in the Netherlands,
to the Doge and Senate.
The Palatine, besides writing to England, has recently despatched
a gentleman thither, who is now here. (fn. 2)
The Hague, the 4th November, 1632.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 5.
Senato,
Secreta.
Dispacci,
Inghilterra.
Venetian
Archives. |
37. Vicenzo Gussoni, Venetian Ambassador in England,
to the Doge and Senate.
With the proposals from this quarter abandoned and the
negotiations with Sweden entirely broken off, they sent instructions
to the Ambassador Vane to withdraw to Ulm and
thence proceed to Strasburg, where he now is, quite without
employment, merely watching what is happening in Germany.
This suspension or rather manifest rupture of negotiations seems
the more important to some of the government, with the hope
of beginning again more remote, since they half admit that it
happened, as indeed one knows, not without some bitterness
between the parties. Here they break out at times into complaints
that the king there has shown little regard for the
one here, with a contempt for the proposals offered to him
by England, so one can see they would like to make people
believe that the failure to establish any agreement was not
their fault here. The Spaniards, on the other hand, who rejoice
to see all negotiations for a closer union between the Swedes
and English broken off and remote, do not hesitate to avail
themselves of the opportunity of reviving it is said, the encouragement
of hopes about depositing Franchental in the hands
of this crown ; but they propose at the same time that here
they shall make a declaration that they will help and defend
the coast and ports of Flanders. Whatever the truth of these
transactions of the Spaniards may be, which so far one only
knows superficially, Fontane, who has heard the same rumours
as have reached me, has reported it in France in this vague,
general way, adding that he has no more light on the subject
at the moment. The Dutch ministers also, with great friendliness,
have confided to me their interest in this matter. They
are the more inclined to suspect that the English will give
ear to such proposals because it is known that the day before
yesterday a courier arrived from Madrid, after spending ten
days on the journey, sent with all speed by the English Secretaryat
that Court. What he brings is not yet known with any
exactness, as he went straight to find the King at Newmarket.
The announcement of the Marquis of Hamilton about the
powerful force which was to assist and follow the Palatine,
finds no more definite confirmation from the last advices from
Germany. The general opinion is that that Prince will have
the less to hope from here for his relief the more England
allows herself to be deceived once more by entering again upon
negotiations to obtain it by the interposition of Spain.
When this courier left it is known that the Regent Villani
had not started for Germany. They are curious here about
his commissions, but so far they have not heard any information
about them at all. (fn. 3) The report that the Cardinal Infant will
soon be going to the government of Flanders is confirmed
from every quarter. The Dutch reflect on the statement that he
will take with him a great provision of money. I understand
that the Spanish Resident here announces that a certain Centurioni,
a Genoese, has concluded an arrangement with his
king for more than five millions, payable in six yearly
instalments.
The French ambassador has communicated to the ministers
here in conversation the successful completion of the accomo
dation between Monsieur and the Most Christian. He remarked
to me in strict confidence that he knew quite well that some
of them did not like it, out of jealousy or rivalry to see
France in such a state of felicity and so united in herself.
Two young princes of Silesia, sons of the Duke of Lignaz (fn. 4)
have arrived. They went recently to kiss his Majesty's hands,
but we did not hear that they have any business beyond curiosity
to see the country. They seem to have information about
burning and notable damage inflicted by Volestain's troops in
Saxony.
The galleons arming for war will not number more than
four (fn. 5) so far as one can discover at present ; the exiguity of
their numbers shows that they will not do much. An idea
seems to be abroad that they intend to equip twelve more,
but one knows of no definite resolution and sees no sign of
preparations.
They talk of Fabroni, who left here for Brussels, being about
to return to this Court. The French do not cease to persist
in their offices to thwart what he has attempted or what
he may again try to do for the queen mother who still continues
desirous of coming to this kingdom.
Advices have reached the royal Council here by the last
letters of the Agents Carleton and Bosuel of the request for
a truce made by the deputies of the Assembly of Brussels
and of the proposals sent by the Dutch to each of the Seven
Provinces. I hear that those agents have received instructions
to observe very carefully the progress of this matter, without
proceeding to offices of any kind.
With respect to what your Excellencies refer to in your
despatches of the 7th ult. about Anstruther, I have to confirm
what I wrote on the 3rd of September, namely that he has
been recalled from Vienna, with the intention of sending him
as ordinary ambassador to France, but before he goes there
he has orders, so the Lords here say, to come to London.
Owing to his delay in appearing here some believe that he
may possibly postpone his return, especially as all negotiations
with Sweden have vanished away.
The Ambassador d'Avo writes that he has taken his conge
of your Excellencies and professes to be leaving highly satisfied
owing to the remarkable honours and presents he has
received.
London, the 5th November, 1632.
[Italian ; the part in italics deciphered.] |
Nov. 6.
Senato,
Secreta.
Deliberazioni.
Corti.
Venetian
Archives. |
38. This Council resolved on the 11th September, 1630,
that the cost of lodging and entertaining ambassadors extraordinary
of crowned heads should not exceed 300 crowns a
day. Now that we have an ambassador extraordinary of the
King of Great Britain, his high rank and dignity, the very
leading lords with him with others, his suite amounting to over
a hundred persons, the scarcity and doubled cost of everything
makes it impossible for 300 crowns to suffice with due
regard to honour and decency ; that the said decision of the
30th September be suspended and that the lords of the Rason
Vecchie be empowered to expend from 400 to 500 ducats a day,
and as much less as they can having due regard to what is
required for the service and reputation of the state.
Ayes, 69. Noes, 26. Neutral, 18.
Second vote : Ayes, 57. Noes, 37. Neutral, 19. Pending.
On the 2nd November in the Collegio :
Ayes, 19. Noes, 0. Neutral 2.
Proposal of 400 ducats per day.
Ayes, 77. Noes, 22. Neutral, 20.
Second vote : Ayes, 78. Noes, 22. Neutral, 18. Pending.
Proposal of 500 ducats a day.
Ayes, 72. Noes, 45. Neutral, 4.
Second vote : Ayes, 68. Noes, 43. Neutral, 4. Pending.
Proposal for 400 ducats current per day.
Ayes, 90. Noes, 25. Neutral, 4.
Second vote : Ayes, 90. Noes, 26. Neutral, 2.
Third vote : Ayes, 84. Noes, 33. Neutral, O. Pending.
Proposal somewhat later for 400 ducats current per day.
Ayes, 77. Noes, 33. Neutral, 1.
The voting was then abandoned and the Senate separated.
On the 9th the proposal was again brought forward for
450 ducats a day.
Ayes, 114. Noes, 25. Neutral, 5.
Second vote : Ayes, 119. Noes, 20. Neutral, 6. Carried.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 11.
Senato,
Secreta.
Dispacci,
Signori
Stati.
Venetian
Archives. |
39. Alvise Contarini, Venetian Ambassador in the Netherlands,
to the Doge and Senate.
There is no news of the Palatine since his arrival at Mayence.
If England decided to help him with men or money he might
easily obtain some assistance from the States also, but without
that they do not seem inclined to do so.
The Hague, the 11th November, 1632.
[Italian ; the part in italics deciphered.] |
Nov. 11.
Collegio,
Secreta.
Esposizioni,
Principi.
Venetian
Archives. |
40. The ambassador extraordinary of the King of Great
Britain came into the Collegio accompanied by a good number
of Senators. He uttered a few complimentary phrases in French
in a very low voice in presenting his letters of credence to
the doge. After the letters had been read the ambassador
spoke as follows, always in French and without raising his
voice.
The king, my master, who greatly loves and esteems this
republic, has always tried to show it and to increase this
sentiment. That the continuance of his friendship may be
apparent he has decided to send this special embassy, which
he has entrusted to me. I rejoice that it is my good fortune
to be chosen for this honour, and in his Majesty's name I
assure you that he, like his father, only seeks for opportunities
to gratify you, in order to give further proof of his good
disposition towards this republic, for which he desires every
prosperity.
The doge replied, We have always had proof of his Majesty's
friendliness, and we thank him. We also had signs of true
friendship from the late King James, who upon divers occasions
showed how much he loved the republic. We thank his Majesty
for affording this further proof by his letters and by sending
your Excellency. You are dear to us as the minister of so
great a king and for your own singular qualities. We also
rejoice to see you accompanied by so fine and worthy a company
of cavaliers, which increases the indebtedness of the republic,
owing to the quality of such leading noblemen, who are disposed
to honour this city by their presence.
The ambassador said, I thank your Serenity for this honour
and esteem myself happy in being able to render you some
service. He said some more about the affection of his king
for the republic, and asked leave to introduce the cavaliers and
lords who accompanied him, to pay their respects. He signed
to them to come one by one to his Serenity ; who received
them graciously but with gravity and dignity. On the completion
of this ceremony the ambassador took leave and departed.
[Italian.]
Carolus Dei gratia Magnae Brit. etc. Rex, fidei defensor etc.
Serenissimo Principi Dom. Francisco Erizzo, Venetiarum Duci,
consanguineo et amico nostro charissimo, salutem et felicitatem. (fn. 6)
Ser. Princeps etc. Et colendae amicitiae quae nobis cum
aliis principibus intercedit, Et publicae salutis maxime studiosi
virum nobilem nobisque perquam dilectum et fidelem Hieronimum
Weston ad aliquos Principes et Status nostrum extraordinarium
misimus Legatum. Hune qui imprimis vestram Serenitatem et
inclytissimam vestram Rempublicam nostro nomine venit salutatum,
sicuti vobis gratum affere minime dubitamus ; sic ut
quaecumque a nobis in mandatis habet expositurum solita vostra
humanitate audiatis, ejusque dietis integram adhibeatis fidem
amice rogamus atque V. Serenitati et Ser. Republicae felices
prudentissimorum consiliorum successus. Et omnis prosperitatis
incrementum ex animo precamur.
Datae e regia nostra Otlandiae decima quinta Julii anno
Christi MDXXXII. et nostri regni VII.
Vestrae Serenitatis bonus consanguineus
Carolus R. |
Nov. 12.
Senato,
Secreta.
Deliberazioni.
Corti.
Venetian
Archives. |
41. To the Ambassador in England.
We have your letters of the 6th ult. You will have seen the
articles proposed by the deputies of the States sent to Brussels.
We shall wait to hear what they think at the English Court
about this. The Ambassador Weston made his public entry
last Wednesday and yesterday morning he was at public audience
in the Collegio. He seemed quite satisfied with his reception
and lodging, and we shall, do every thing possible to show our
esteem We enclose a copy of his exposition. You will express
to the Lord Treasurer our gratification at having his son here.
Ayes, 99. Noes, 0. Neutral, 2.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 12.
Senato,
Secreta.
Dispacci,
Inghilterra.
Venetian
Archives. |
42. Vicenzo Gussoni, Venetian Ambassador in England,
to the Doge and Senate.
The affairs of Germany occupy their attention here in so far
as the fortunes of the Prince Palatine must depend upon the
turn they take. The remonstrances and offices of that Prince,
although supported by incessant pressure from the Agent Edersolt.
have not availed to produce the effect at this Court which
is so much desired by those interested in the good cause namely
the establishment of a good understanding between the crowns
of Sweden and Great Britain. They have repeated their instructions
to the Ambassador Vane not to leave the city of
Strasburg, as the members of the Council will by no means
consent to his approaching that monarch just now, who, as
the Lords here say, has shown little or no appreciation of
the offers already made to him from this quarter. With the
negotiations with Sweden in their present languishing and half
dead condition, the members of the government here consider that
they will not altogether let drop that sort of shadow of support
and hope from the Court of Vienna. Although the Ambassador
Anstruther should have taken leave there a report has since
got abroad that his departure is postponed, in order not to cut
absolutely the thread of the negotiations at the Imperial Court as
well, useless as it is. When I was conversing on this very
question with a great minister of this kingdom he opened his
mind freely and said that with the Austrians England had been
unable and with the Swedes unwilling to do what circumstances
required for the interests of the Palatine.
The royal orders have at last reached the Ambassador Fontane
to communicate the accomodation with Monsieur. Whether
the reason be jealousy or the usual rivalry with that crown,
one can clearly see that the generality of the government here
have not heard it with the sentiments that it ought to excite
everywhere because of the interest of the common cause in
the union and internal felicity of France. Fontane, who is
aware of this and laughs about it, did not conceal from
me that he had given them a full account of this at the
Most Christian Court. The feelings of the Dutch on the subject
are the exact opposite. Bosi writes that the particulars he gave
their Assembly in the king's name proved most acceptable,
and the States wished to express their sentiments to the extent
of making capital of the news for a greater reserve in considering
the Spanish offers which aim at the establishment of the truces.
The same letters state that he passed a special office in that
Assembly against those treaties, and was not followed by any
one except the Swedish ambassador, who had agreed to make
a similar remonstrance with the States General, out of regard to
the interests of his king. At the end of the letter he writes
these words, England and Venice have not made themselves felt
in this, the latter owing to the suspended subsidy, and the
former owing to the peace formerly concluded with Spain without
the knowledge of the Dutch. I congratulate myself in having
been able to see the original of this letter so that your Excellencies
may have knowledge of the ideas circulated by these
ministers.
The news from Germany by the last despatch is very contradictory.
The whole household of the Spanish minister here
makes much of a great defeat inflicted by Papnain on Baudesin
on the banks of the Weser, but at the palace they are informed
that he was not so roughly handled as the Spaniards give
out ; indeed it is said that the flower of the Swedish forces under
Baudesin withdrew with slight loss and no danger beyond the
Weser, (fn. 7) and that they are helping to forward by acting together,
the designs of Duke Bernard of Weimar and Arnheim. Meanwhile,
according to the last letters to the royal Council, the
King of Sweden was trying to secure the passages over the
Danube, in order to make a double diversion in Bavaria and
the patrimonial estates of the emperor, with the idea of spreading
fear right up to Vienna. He has already retaken Rhein, which
had been lightly abandoned a short while before by a Swedish
officer.
Valestain, continuing the march of his troops towards Saxony,
has arrived within a few league of Leipsig, where the neighbourhood
of the imperial forces seems to have occasioned disturbance
and considerable fear. Those who write agree at least
in this, that with the warmth of the armies on either side
spreading to divers parts of Germany, there is little sign of
the Spaniards having to yield to the rigours of the approaching
winter.
The Ambassador Joachimi and Deputy Brasser seem to be
waiting anxiously to hear what has been done by the sixty
three cornets of horse and the 1500 foot armed with wheel
arquebuses sent by the Prince of Orange into Little Brabant ;
and they speak very soberly about the negotiations for the
truces. This increases the suspicion here of their continuation,
the more so as Carleton and Bosuel write to the king that the
Provinces of Zeeland and Friesland recently refrained from
sending their vote, which they have not yet declared, and
to persuade them the Pensionary of Amsterdam had gone to the
one and M. Beveron of Dordrecht to the other. They add that
the dispute between truceists and antitruceists goes on very
vigorously, for so they call the supporters and opponents of
the truces in their letters.
Two days ago they celebrated the usual early but stately
ceremony of the Mayor, the first magistrate of London. It
is usual to invite all the ambassadors, but France could not
go, being in mourning for his mother, recently deceased, and
so it fell to the minister of your Serenity to take the
first place at the head of that rich and sumptuous procession,
followed by the two Dutch ministers, by the great lords of
the realm and by other lords of the royal Council. Everyone
noticed that Nicolaldi and Teller, although invited, did not
choose to appear.
The Court is preparing for the dancing and festivities which
are to take place within a few days upon the occasion of a
comedy in which, for the gratification and pleasure of the
king, the queen herself will perform publicly. (fn. 8)
The last despatches of the Senate of the 14th October have
reached me.
London, the 12th November, 1632.
[Italian ; the part in italics deciphered.] |
Nov. 13.
Collegio,
Secreta.
Esposizioni,
Principi.
Venetian
Archives. |
43. The ambassador extraordinary of England came into
the Collegio to private audience accompanied by the Resident
of his king and by his secretary. He spoke as follows in the
French tongue.
Words fail me to express my king's good will towards this
republic. He rejoices that it has preserved itself by its prudence
amid all the recent troubles in Italy. As he would like to
see peace established everywhere, he has heard with peculiar
satisfaction that the prudence of the republic has brought peace
to this province. He assures your Serenity that he will do all
in his power to secure the preservation of this peace for the
advantage of the republic. I have commissions to assure you
once more of his constant affection and he wishes you every
good.
The doge replied, We thank his Majesty for this new testimony
of his affection. We value it highly and have always
endeavoured to respond in our own sentiments towards his Majesty.
This repeated office is most gratifying to us and we value your
lordship personally and always desire your gratification.
The ambassador made further complimentary remarks to which
the doge replied, and then he took leave and departed.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 15.
Cons. di X
Parti
Comuni.
Venetian
Archives. |
44. That the halls of arms and jewels of the sanctuary be
shown to the English ambassador who has come to this city.
Ayes, 16. Noes, 0. Neutral, 0.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 16.
Senato,
Secreta.
Deliberazioni.
Corti.
Venetian
Archives. |
45. That the ambassador extraordinary of England be summoned
to the Collegio, and that the following be read to him :
We cannot adequately express our satisfaction at this further
confirmation of his Majesty's friendship, responding to our esteem
and to the mutual understanding between that crown and our
republic which has lasted for many centuries. We appreciate
this the more from his sending such an embassy extraordinary
in the face of the world. Your lordship has fully represented
his Majesty's friendship for the republic, and we have experienced
it from his predecessors, notably from King James, of
glorious memory, who showed that he esteemed our interests
as his own. His Majesty continues his father's generous ideas.
We thank him warmly, as well for his pleasure at seeing this
province quiet after so many storms. It is generous of him
to declare that he will do all that he can to maintain that
quiet. You will express our obligations and our appreciation
of this embassy. You will always find us eager to favour you.
Ayes, 126. Noes, 5. Neutral, 5.
[italian.] |
46. To the King of Great Britain.
We were confident of retaining your Majesty's affection, but
are deeply gratified at its confirmation by an embassy extraordinary.
The office was punctually performed by Mr. Jerome
Weston. We can only respond by saying that our hereditary
affection is deeply rooted in our hearts, and that this perfect
understanding cannot suffer any change. Mr. Weston will
express our thanks, and we wish your Majesty the summit of
all prosperity.
Ayes, 126. Noes, 5. Neutral, 5.
[Italian.] |
47. That a gold chain worth 2000 crowns of 7 lire each
in mint money be presented to Mr. Jerome Weston, ambassador
extraordinary of England and another of 300 ducats to his
secretary, as is customary with other ambassadors extraordinary
of crowned heads.
Ayes, 126. Noes, 5. Neutral, 5.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 17.
Senato,
Secreta.
Dispacci,
Milano.
Venetian
Archives. |
48. Giovanni Antonio Sarotti, Venetian Resident at Milan,
to the Doge and Senate.
The Resident of England at Turin, taking the opportunity of
asking for the forwarding of some luggage, invites me to enter
upon some correspondence. I shall not do so without the
good pleasure of Your Serenity.
Milan, the 17th November, 1632.
[Italian.] |
| Enclosure. |
49. Antony Hales, English Secretary in Savoy, to Giovanni
Ambrosio Sarotti.
Mr. Stuart, an English gentleman of the suite of the English
ambassador recently passed through Milan. He left a valise
with me with orders to forward it to Venice. I take the
liberty to send it to your lordship, asking you to send it to
the Resident Rowlandson. I have paid for it to Milan, Rowlandson
will pay the rest. With a thousand thanks.
I should be very glad to have some correspondence with
you, since there is such a good friendship between the princes
we serve. Give me your opinion and I will not fail to serve
you Sig. Cerbellone, ambassador of Milan, left here in great
disgust, because he could not visit the duchess covered. They
laugh at his behaviour here. I called on him, but he did not
return the visit. Anger blinds the eyes. He claimed everywhere
to be treated on a par with the ambassadors of the
princes of Italy.
Turin, the 6th November, 1632.
[Italian.] |
Nov 17.
Collegio,
Secreta.
Esposizioni,
Principi.
Venetian
Archives. |
50. The ambassador extraordinary of England came into
the Collegio, and after the Senate's deliberation of the 16th
inst. had been read to him, he spoke substantially as follows :
My king will be satisfied with what your Serenity has had
read to me. and will appreciate the good will of the republic
towards him. I assure you that his affection could not be
greater and he will always be on the look out for opportunities
for serving the republic. I will report to him as you wish,
and in the best manner possible.
I thank your Serenity for the honour done me personally,
and for accepting my service. I will try to give all possible
satisfaction, while I shall preserve a memory of the favours
and honours done to me, of which I will make a full report
to my king.
The doge answered, The Senate has expressed its cordial
affection and esteem for his Majesty, which will always be the
same, as merited by the affection shown by him and his
predecessors, the king, his father in particular. We are especially
indebted to his Majesty for sending such an honourable
embassy, filled with so much splendour by your Excellency.
We offer you our best good will, as due to your worth and
nobility.
The ambassador thanked the doge, with further expressions
of affection and regard, to which his Serenity replied. The
ambassador then rose and withdrew to the room before the
segreta, in order to take notes of the office. As they were
going out the English resident said that the ambassador had
not taken leave, but he would come to do so on the morrow
or the day after.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 18.
Senato,
Secreta.
Deliberazioni.
Corti.
Venetian
Archives. |
51. To day the eight days expire during which the English
ambassador extraordinary has been defrayed at the public charge,
and whereas by the decision of this Council of the 13th September,
1630, no such ambassador can be defrayed for more
than eight days, and the ambassador not having taken leave
at his last audience, but expressed his intention to depart
next Saturday or Monday, that our officers of the Rason Vecchie
shall continue to defray that ambassador for four days longer
beginning from to-morrow.
Ayes, 125. Noes, 4. Neutral, 4.
On the 18th November in the Collegio :
Ayes, 23. Noes, 0. Neutral, 1.
[Italian.] |
52. To the Ambassador in England.
The Ambassador Weston was at audience on Saturday morning,
but merely confirmed his king's goodwill to the republic.
We send our response. We were glad to see him and havetried
to give him every satisfaction, and indeed he seems to
appreciate all that has been done. We enclose the letter we
shall give him for his Majesty. You will perform offices in
accordance, to prove our esteem for his Majesty. You express
very prudently the sentiments of those who think rightly in
present affairs, and we consider your reflections sound. You
did well to evade the suggestion of our doing anything to divert
the employment of this ambassador extraordinary, as the nature
of the affair itself and present events will smooth the way to
better resolutions at that Court. We are glad that you obtained
the opinion of the ministers about the affairs of the Netherlands
and Flanders. We are fully satisfied with your diligence. We
enclose the advices to use for the public service.
Ayes, 127. Noes, 2. Neutral, 4.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 18.
Senato,
Secreta.
Dispacci,
Signori
Stati.
Venetian
Archives. |
53. Alvise Contarini, Venetian Ambassador in the Netherlands,
to the Doge and Senate.
They say Frankenthal is beginning to parley, and when the
Palatine sent some armed peasants that way, those within asked
permission to send a messenger to the Infanta to consign
the place to her or to the King of England.
The Hague, the 18th November, 1632.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 19.
Senato,
Secreta.
Dispacci.
Inghilterra.
Venetian
Archives. |
54. Vicenzo Gussoni, Venetian Ambassador in England,
to the Doge and Senate.
They continue to arm ships with extraordinary diligence.
The report is confirmed that in addition to the four already
written of (fn. 9) they will add some fifteen or possibly twenty ships
to the fleet, though this will include some merchantmen which
they propose to arm for war. Every one comments on these
preparations, as the report put about that it is merely to
secure the coasts of Ireland does not appear probable. A
few days will disclose what the government does not at present
wish to make known. Meanwhile various opinions are formed,
Some believe that if the Cardinal persists in his decision to
proceed to Flanders by sea, this new English fleet may serve
as an escort for him, at the instance of the Spaniards. Others
affirm that the real object is to snub the Dutch, against whom
bitter feeling seems on the increase about the question of the
fisheries in particular, besides some spicy and unpleasant incidents
in the matter of navigation.
The Ambassador Joachimi, an old and wise minister, admits
that with all his adroitness he cannot steer his negotiations
clear of disagreeable things. He complains bitterly, remarking
on the advantage to the Spanish ascendancy in the disposition
and character of some who hold the leading positions in this
government. He talks of leaving in a few days for Holland,
but says he is going on private affairs. The truth is that no
successor has been appointed as yet. He leaves Brasser, however,
who in the capacity of Agent will attend to current
affairs. What the reason for his departure may be has not
yet clearly transpired. One hears'a whisper, and the Ambassador
Fontane has spoken to me about it, that the Dutch, to revive
the benefit, which was once so considerable but is now just
as lukewarm of a union with this crown, are considering the
renewal of negotiations for a defensive and offensive alliance,
such as England already proposed to the States through Burlamachi,
and possibly Joachimi's journey is ordered for this purpose.
I have not yet all the materials for forming a certain
judgment, although the last letters of Bosi, the French minister
at the Hague, imparts this information to the Ambassador Fontane,
who communicated it to me in confidence. I have not
neglected to bring it to the knowledge of his Excellency
Contarini.
The results expected from the raid of the Dutch cavalry
into Brabant have not been realised, as they did not succeed
in achieving anything beyond placing in neutrality the two
little places of Hanuye and Lauden. But the Dutch ministers
here show more regret at the last news of the attack made by
their forces upon Orzoi, since the place was already won, but
the assailants by taking to plunder gave the Spaniards an opportunity
of regaining courage, with the arrival of succour from
Rinberg. In this way the victors became the vanquished, and in
the disorder of the retreat some 200 Dutch were cut to pieces.
It is not known whether Colonel Ghent remained a prisoner.
After this event, which the Spaniards make a great deal of,
they say the Prince of Orange proposed to distribute his army
in garrisons. From the Spanish side comes a report that during
the negotiations between the deputies of Brussels and those of
Holland no fresh major operations will be undertaken by either
side, which some here interpret as a sort of armistice.
The Marquis Parella, a Piedmontese, who has stayed here for
several months, has had no affairs beyond presenting the king
here, in the name of the Duke of Savoy, with a suit of armour,
handsomely decorated with delicate engraving in silver. He
is on the point of leaving any day. Mons. di Vantelet is destined
to go to Savoy in response to the despatch made by the duke
about the birth of his son, and on this occasion he will take
to present to his Highness in his Majesty's name, a number
of the finest hackneys in the kingdom.
London, the 19th November, 1632.
[Italian ; the part in italics deciphered.] |
55. Vicenzo Gussoni, Venetian Ambassador in England,
to the Doge and Senate.
Two days ago Fontane went to the palace on purpose to
communicate the news of the execution of the extreme penalty
on Momoransi at Toulouse. He showed me the king's own
letters on the subject. They set forth the necessity for removing
occasions of disturbance from the realm and of keeping
every one to the obedience he owes by the example of the
punishment due to a great fault. He told me also that a
messenger had reached him, sent express by the Marshal di
San Sciomon, who is still helping to govern Calais, reporting
that Monsieur had fled from Tours for Flanders, or to go on
to England. As no news of this has reached this Court from
any other quarter they are waiting for confirmation. I enclose
a copy of the letter in question. (fn. 10)
The deputy of Hamburg has been here on purpose to see
me, and paid his respects with every sign of reverence and
esteem for the most serene republic. I responded suitably. He
told me that the more important differences between his masters
and the King of Denmark were already assuaged, but that some
matters, which were rather thorny remained for negotiation
with that sovereign on questions of navigation. He said he
had obtained the principal thing he desired at this Court about
the withdrawal of the letters of reprisal granted by the king
here to some Scots against Hamburg ships, (fn. 11) his Majesty having
received a bad impression about an incident that had occurred
in the parts of Norway to a ship of Scotland, that had fought
and been defeated or captured by another of the Hamburg
merchants.
With respect to events in Lower Saxony he told me that the
country was open, with only a few places fortified, so one
might say it was exposed to the imperial forces. They would
have destroyed everything had not the Duke Elector and the
Princes of the Circle brought troops to the defence of their
own states, all in good order. He remarked at the end that
owing to the difficulty of crossing he was without letters and
advices from those parts. From Germany also the couriers only
arrive after the usual delay. They have heard no news here
this week and are waiting with interest to hear what has happened
in the empire. The family circle of the Ambassador
Anstruther are making strenuous efforts at the palace to prevent
the postponement of his departure from Vienna, which has
been whispered.
The last letters from the Senate are dated the 22nd October.
London, the 19th November, 1632.
[Italian.] |
| Enclosure. |
56. Copy of a letter from the Marshal St. Chaumont to the
Ambassador Fontane, upon the execution of Montmorency and
the flight of Monsieur.
Dated at Calais, the 16th November, 1632.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 20.
Senato,
Secreta.
Dispacci
Svizzeri.
Venetian
Archives. |
57. Moderanti Scaramelli, Venetian Secretary to the
Swiss, to the Doge and Senate.
The resident of England is going to meet the Duke of Rohan
at Coire. He is very silent and secret with me, although he
acts the confidant and intimate in telling me what he hears,
by express royal command, but he does not tell me that he
has instructions to keep his eyes open for what is going on
in Germany. I do not know if his offices turn upon the
interests of religion, or if, in case of the recovery of the
Palatinate, they mean to introduce free Lutheranism there or
only Calvinism as before, since the Chancellor Oxenstierna has
declared himself on the subject. As for matters of state, here
among the Swiss in particular they pay little attention to any
proposals from that pompous and ease loving Court since
the losa of La Rochelle.
Zurich, the 20th November, 1632.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 20.
Collegio,
Secreta.
Esposizioni,
Principi.
Venetian
Archives. |
58. The Ambassador extraordinary of England came into
the Collegio and spoke substantially as follows :
I have seen the (friendship of the republic for my king during
my stay here, and I will report the excellent treatment I have received
as a token of the continuance of good relations, which my
king will always try to keep up, because he knows that your
Serenity desires to preserve the quiet of Italy. The king will
cultivate this friendship by selecting an Ordinary ambassador, and
he is contemplating some one in particular. Meanwhile the resident
Rolandson will remain in charge here. I commend to
you our merchants and Colonel Douglas, who is in your Serenity's
service. I know him as an honourable gentleman worthy
of your favour. I thank you for the great favours I have
received, which I shall never forget, and I shall consider it
a great honour if you will give me some command.
The doge replied they were sure he would tell the king of
their cordial affection, and they hoped the good relations would
always be preserved. They would gladly welcome an ordinary
ambassador, as they would the resident, while he remained.
The merchants would always have suitable favour, and
they would treat Colonel Douglas as his merits deserved. They
were glad the ambassador was satisfied with his reception.
If it was not all they would have desired, the short notice
and the season were accountable. They wished him a pleasant
journey and all prosperity.
The ambassador repeated his appreciation of his treatment,
and said he hoped to have an opportunity of serving the
republic. He then rose, made a deep reverence to the doge
and Collegio and went out.
The Resident and secretary went out with the ambassador.
The secretary subsequently sent for me, the secretary, and
gave me a memorial saying it was about merchants and he
would come and perform the necessary offices upon the subject.
Christoforo Surian, Secretary.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 24.
Collegio,
Secreta.
Esposizioni.
Principi.
Venetian
Archives. |
59. The Resident of England came into the Collegio and
spoke substantially as follows :
The ambassador extraordinary received such great favours from
your Serenity that he has commissioned me to come and express
his great indebtedness. He would esteem it a great honour
to have some command from your Serenity which he could
fulfill. The ambassador is still here waiting for the Duke
of Lennox, his brother in law, who should arrive soon. If
he could have some commands from your Serenity in the mean
time, he would value it highly. The doge replied, We are
glad that the ambassador is pleased with what we were able
to do. It was only due to his personal merits and to our
esteem for his Majesty. We thank him and wish him every
felicity.
The Resident added, The ambassador told me to commend
to your Serenity the interests of merchants of our nation trading
at this mart and who have business at Zante in particular.
They have on previous occasions encountered difficulties which
greatly disturbed their trade. The Ambassador Wake presented
a memorial, and it was then decided that when the General
was sent to those parts he should have authority to take the
matter in hand and set things in order. It now seems that the
same merchants have been troubled again for some time, and
an account of it has been given in a memorial which I presented.
Some cases of silk and one of gold buttons were sent
to Hider, an English merchant, from Messina. These goods,
which do not serve for Zante have been detained, and Hider
was arrested with two others. Hider was afterwards released,
but the others are still in prison. Your Serenity is asked
to order their release and in general that the merchants of
our nation may be well treated, so as to preserve the trade
with this nation.
The doge replied, The English nation is greatly beloved and
we shall not fail to do everything possible for their relief. The
republic also desires in the interests of this mart and of our
other marts, that the merchants shall have every advantage
and facility, and when their requirements are stated we shall
try and give them every possible satisfaction.
With this the Resident thanked his Serenity and asked for
the despatch of the memorial already handed in. He then
took leave and departed.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 25.
Senato,
Secreta,
Deliberazioni.
Corti.
Venetian
Archives. |
60. To the Ambassador in England.
The Ambassador Weston took leave on Saturday the 20th ult.,
expressing his obligations and thanks. The Secretary Rolandson
also thanked us and renewed his application for the English
merchants and Hider in particular. We shall make enquiry
in order to give our reply and such satisfaction as we can
for the relief and content of the whole nation. The ambassador
has not left yet, but is staying privately, waiting for the Duke
of Lennox, his brother in law, who should soon arrive here.
Your letters of the 22nd October arrived that same Saturday.
We are pleased at your diligence in penetrating to the bottom
of affairs at that Court, and you should try and obtain the
soundest information about the treaties and all the more recondite
affairs. To this end we send you the advices to use for
our interests.
Ayes, 137. Noes, 0. Neutral, 3.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 25.
Secreta.
Senato,
Dispacci,
Signori
Stati.
Venetian
Archives. |
61. Alvise Contarini, Venetian Ambassador in the Netherlands,
to the Doge and Senate.
Letters from Brussels state that Monsieur is shortly expected
there. The Queen Mother was leaving Brussels to see Antwerp,
Ghent and other towns, though it was also said she was going
to Ghent in the hope of proceeding to England, but was
stopped by the news of Monsieur.
The Hague, the 25th November, 1632.
[Italian.] |
Nov. 26.
Senato,
Secreta.
Dispacci,
Inghilterra.
Venetian
Archives. |
62. Vicenzo Gussoni, Venetian Ambassador in England,
to the Doge and Senate.
Gerbier, his Majesty's Resident with the Infanta, in his
last despatch by an express courier who arrived at Court two
days ago, assures the king that whatever reports may be spread
to the contrary, the deputies of Brussels have nothing to negotiate
with the Dutch which does not agree in every respect
with what the Infanta agrees to, founded upon the full powers
which she has from the King of Spain. He adds that the
principal aim of the Spaniards is to secure in the mean time
this certain benefit, to console their subjects in Flanders to
some extent with the inducement and hope of peace, as they are
excessively distressed by the burden of taxes and by war. He
further asserts that the Infanta has information from several
quarters that even in Holland they have had enough of the
trouble and expense, and it is known that the numbers of those
who desire an accomodation is not small among those
who govern in all the Provinces. He concludes that according
as matters go in Germany and the trend they take so the
Spaniards will tighten or slacken their grasp in the matter of
the truces, while in the mean time they will enjoy the advantage
of amusing both their enemies and their own subjects by the
appearance of such negotiations. The ministers here in their
private conversations sometimes intimate that in their opinion
it does not behove this crown to show any desire to interest
itself either for preventing or for assisting these treaties, and
the instructions to both the English agents in Holland, which
I have already reported and which have been renewed, are precisely
to this effect. I supply the Ambassador Contarini with
the necessary information.
Fontane remains on the qui vive to thwart any offices made
by the queen mother with the ministers here. With the publication
of the news of the flight of Monsieur, which first reached
him and afterwards everyone else in this kingdom by way of
Calais, from M. di Sansciomon, in the letter of which I sent
a copy, everyone is waiting to see the issue, while reports circulate
about his having gone towards Lorraine or to Franche
Comte. The Ambassador Joachimi has postponed his departure
because of some fresh commissions which have reached him
from his masters. He announces that the Prince of Orange,
having well fortified and strongly garrisoned Maastricht, has
passed the Meuse with the remainder of his army, as he does
not wish to lose time or any opportunity that may present itself
even in the winter. But here they believe that the unsuccessful
attempt upon Orsoi will put a full stop to any further operations
of importance for this season.
Bosi writes to the French minister here that the offices passed
by him by commission of the Most Christian have greatly
relieved and consoled the Elector of Cologne, since that authoritative
intercession has made it easier for him to obtain from
the Prince of Orange an order forbidding all officers in the
service of the States to hurt the country of that Electorate
on the score of infringement of neutrality, because he allowed
Papenain to pass when he tried to bring relief to Maastricht.
On the other hand the Duke of Neuburg has not been able
to avoid fresh sufferings for his subjects, who have been
obliged to billet the Dutch troops who have taken possession of
Carpen near Juliers. The French take occasion from this in
their talk to draw attention to the great benefit received by
the Elector. Some boxes of reals to the amount of some 100,000
crowns have arrived here these last days, on account of assignments
already made from Spain for Flanders. These will be
transmitted from this mart to that of Antwerp by way of
exchange.
They are rigorously enforcing the royal edicts recently published
which forbid those born in other parts of this kingdom
to continue to live in London, if they enjoy a certain amount
of property, and who are called foreigners of this city. The
enforcement of this and similar laws as well as the dispensations
granted naturally result in the flow of cash into the royal
Chamber, the exiguity of which, as has been said, makes them
resort to every means in order to obtain money. (fn. 12)
The state despatches of the 23rd and 28th ult. have come by
the courier of the present week. I will use the first, about
the ecclesiastical commissioners, not to raise the subject myself,
but for answering if the subject is raised by others. With
regard to the Ambassador Weston the English Resident at
Venice writes to the same effect about the orders issued for
his reception and particularly about the house for his quarters.
His father, the treasurer had already informed me of his
arrival at Bergamo, where the state representatives honoured
him, and apologised for not having known before about his
coming. I expressed the desire of the state to treat him as
became a minister of this crown and son of his Excellency. I
told him that the latest from your Serenity only stated that you
had some news of his arrival at the Court of Milan, but that
his Majesty's Resident had not made any move, yet in spite
of this, suitable orders had been issued for his worthy reception.
London, the 26th November, 1632.
[Italian ; the part in italics deciphered.] |
Nov. 27.
Senato,
Secreta.
Deliberazioni.
Corti.
Venetian
Archives. |
63. To the Resident Antelmi at the Imperial Court.
You will keep yourself informed of what is going on and
advise us carefully in detail. You will also let us know if the
English ambassador has really left, and if there is any minister
from the Palatine at present at that Court.
Ayes, 110. Noes, 0. Neutral, 3.
[Italian.] |