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1511.
15 Sept.
B. Reg. 3672.
f. 179. |
54. King Ferdinand The Catholic to Henry Guildford.
Considering his prowess, exhibited in the African war, his
old and noble family, and his other excellent qualities, he
has created him a Spanish knight in the following manner :
Ordered him into his presence, in the hall of his palace in
Burgos, and, girded with a sword and his head covered with
a helmet, he touched him with the drawn sword, pronouncing
the following words in Spanish, "Dios vos faga buen cavallero
y los bienaventurados Santiago y San Jorge." (fn. 1) His
escutcheon is to contain a pale pomegranate on a white field.
—Burgos, the 15th of September 1511.
(Signed)
Yo el Rey.
Almazan.
Latin. Original register, pp. 2. |
15 Sept.
B. Reg. 3672.
f. 179. |
55. King Ferdinand The Catholic to Wistan, Englishman.
In consideration of his prowess exhibited in the African
war, and of his other excellent qualities, he creates him a
Spanish knight, with the same ceremonies as are described
in the preceding document. His escutcheon is to contain a
black eagle on a white field.
This document is annexed to the preceding.
Original register.
Latin. 5 lines. |
4 Oct.
S. Pat. Re.
Cap. c. Pont.
L. 2. f. 8. |
56. Treaty of Alliance and Confederacy between Pope
Julius II., King Ferdinand The Catholic, and
Leonardo Loredano, Doge of Venice.
Pope Julius, in his own person, Hieronymo de Vich, in his
quality of ambassador of King Ferdinand, and Hieronymo
Donato, doctor of law, and ambassador of the Doge of
Venice, conclude the following articles of alliance.
As the city of Bologna and other towns, castles, &c., undoubtedly
belonging to the Holy Father, are invaded by
tyrants and oppressors of the people, it is the object of this
league to reconquer those portions of the Papal States which
are wrested from the See of St. Peter by force and intrigues.
To this purpose the following articles are concluded :—
1. King Ferdinand binds himself to send his Viceroy of
Naples, Ramon de Cardona, with an army of 10,000 foot,
1,200 heavy and 1,000 light cavalry, together with artillery
and other necessary engines of war Ramon de Cardona
is to be the captain-general of the whole combined army of
the allies.
2. The Pope binds himself to send 600 heavy cavalry under
the command of the Duke of [blank].
3. The Doge of Venice is to keep the whole Venetian army
ready, in order to attack the enemy from the north as soon
as the Spanish and Pontifical troops march towards Bologna
from the south.
4. The allies bind themselves at the same time to arm
their fleets.
5. The allies are to pay the captain-general for the maintenance
of his army 40,000 ducats every month as long as
the war lasts.
6. The Doge of Venice promises to pay the captain-general
80,000 ducats on the day of the publication of this treaty,
which sum is to be the payment for the first two months.
7. The pay of the soldiers begins on the day on which the
campaign is opened.
8. The allies are to give security to the captain-general for
the punctual fulfilment of their obligations.
9. The captain-general is to review the Papal troops, and
to see that they are well equipped and well armed.
10. Any prince or republic that offers resistance to the
allies is to be excommunicated by the Pope.
11. The allies are bound to assist each other if attacked in
their own dominions. The expedition of Bologna, however,
is not to be postponed on account of such assistance.
12. If any king, prince, or republic attempts to hinder the
re-occupation of Bologna by the allies, the allies will combine
all their forces together in order to deprive the enemy
of all their possessions in Italy.
13. If one of the allies undertakes to conquer any towns,
castles, &c., belonging to the enemy, but situated out of Italy,
the Pope is not bound to send assistance to help to conquer
or to defend such places.
14. The Emperor elect and all other Christian princes are
at liberty to become members of this league within forty days
after the conclusion of it.
15. All treaties existing between King Ferdinand and the
Emperor elect remain in full force, except in such portions of
them as are contradictory to this league.
16. This alliance is to last until all the allies have concluded
a general peace.
17. King Ferdinand and the Doge of Venice are to ratify
the treaty within forty days.
18. This treaty is concluded with the full knowledge and
participation of the King of England, who, in conjunction
with King Ferdinand, has tried by all pacific means to obtain
the restoration of Bologna and of the other places belonging
to the Apostolic See. Having failed in this his most christian
attempt, the King of England has sent Christopher, Cardinal
of England, to Rome, who, however, has not signed this treaty,
for no other reason than that his commission has not yet
arrived from England. All his rights as a member of this
league are reserved to the King of England.
Given at Rome, in the palace of St. Peter, in the year 1511.
Quarto non. Octobris, the 8th year of the Pontificate of
Julius II.
Latin. Autograph. Written on parchment. pp. 15. |
10 Nov.
S. E. Pat. Re.
T. c. I. L. 6. f. 4. |
57. King Henry VIII. to Thomas, Earl of Surrey, and
George, Earl Of Shrewsbury.
Pope Julius II. has written to tell him that certain
enemies of the Christian faith have deprived the Church of
Christ of the city and territory of Bologna, which from olden
times have always belonged to the Apostolic See. These
enemies, not satisfied with what they have stolen, intend to
pursue their wicked plans, and to divide among them even
the "tunic of our Lord."
Is, as a Christian prince, obliged to help the Church in her
tribulations, and to obey as his faithful son the orders of the
Pope, who by letters and memoirs, has asked him for aid.
Empowers them, therefore, to conclude a league with King
Ferdinand of Aragon and his daughter, the Queen of Castile,
to defend the Church against any further aggression, and to
reconquer for her Bologna and its territory. All former
treaties of alliance and amity between him and the King of
Aragon remain in full vigour.—Westminster, the 10th of
November, 3rd Henry VIII.
Latin. Autograph, p. 1. On parchment. |
13 Nov.
S. E. Pat. Re.
Cap. c. Pont. 4. 2. f. 9. |
58. Henry VIII. to All Persons.
Enters the league concluded by the Pope, King Ferdinand,
and the Doge of Venice on the 4th of October 1511, and
promises to fulfil all his obligations towards his allies, on
condition, however, that none of the confederates make peace
with France without his knowledge and consent.—Westminster,
the 13th of November, 3rd Henry VIII.
Latin. Written on parchment. Autograph, p. 1.
Printed in Rymer among the documents of the year 1512. |
17 Nov.
S. E. Pat. Re.
T. c. I. L. 6. f. 1. |
59. Treaty between King Ferdinand The Catholic and
King Henry VIII.
The Commissioners are—
On the part of the King of England :
Thomas, Earl of Surrey ; and
George, Earl of Shrewsbury.
On the part of King Ferdinand the Catholic :
Luis Caroz de Villaragut, his ambassador in
England.
When King Ferdinand the Catholic and King Henry of
England were preparing a great expedition against the
Infidels, they received news that Louis, King of France,
was besieging the Holy Father in Bologna. They begged
the King of France to desist from his nefarious project of
robbing the Church of her property ; and the Pope offered him,
through the Scotch ambassador, forgiveness of all he had
done, if he would only restore to the Holy See the towns
which he had wrested from the Pope, and renounce the
schismatic council. The Pope promised, further, to convoke
a general council, which was to occupy itself with the reformation
of the Church.
The King of France rejected all these offers of peace, conquered
Bologna, and twice routed the Papal army.
His Highness again sent a legate to the King of France ;
and King Ferdinand and King Henry asked him, through
their ambassadors, to desist from all further persecutions of
the Church. All was in vain. |
King Ferdinand the Catholic, in his name and in the name
of his daughter, Queen Juana of Castile, on the one part, and
the King of England, on the other part, conclude, therefore,
the following treaty :—
1. The contracting parties bind themselves to defend the
Church against all aggressors, without any exception.
2. King Ferdinand the Catholic binds himself to succour
Pope Julius II. in Italy.
3. As it would be difficult for the King of England to send
an army to Italy, he promises to succour the Church by making
war upon France from another side. Both contracting parties,
therefore, bind themselves to attack France on the frontiers
of their states, and especially in Aquitaine, which province
belongs by right to the King of England. As soon as King
Ferdinand begins war with France, the King of England
promises also to declare war with France, and to commence
hostilities. He binds himself to send, before or on the last
day of April, an army of 6,000 men to Aquitaine, or into
the neighbourhood of Aquitaine, provided with all the necessary
engines of war. This army is to be employed in the
conquest of Aquitaine for the crown of England ; and the
King of England is not at liberty to recall his army or to
conclude a treaty of peace or abstinence from war with the
King of France, except with the knowledge and express consent
of King Ferdinand.
4. King Ferdinand the Catholic binds himself, before or on
the last day of April, to send to Aquitaine, or into the neighbourhood
of Aquitaine, 500 heavy horse, 1,500 light horse,
and 4,000 foot, provided with all the necessary engines of
war.
Both armies are to carry on a common war with France,
and to defend the Church by conquering Aquitaine for the
King of England.
The Catholic King binds himself not to recall his army
from Aquitaine, or to make peace or to conclude a truce
with the King of France, except with the knowledge and
express consent of the King of England.
5. Four commissioners of war are to be elected—two Spanish
ones, whose duty it will be once a month to review the
English troops ; and two English ones, whose duty it will be
once a month to review the Spanish troops.
6. Both contracting parties bind themselves to repair all the
losses of their respective armies, so that the number of their
troops in Aquitaine shall never be less than is expressed in
this treaty. Should the King of France increase his army,
the contracting parties bind themselves also to increase pro
rata their armies in Aquitaine.
7. King Ferdinand the Catholic binds himself to provide
the English army in Aquitaine with provisions, with beasts
of burden, and with the necessary animals for the ordnance,
the King of England paying a reasonable price, which is to be
fixed by commissioners, for the provisions and beasts.
8. Each of the contracting parties is bound to send a fleet
to sea, before the end of March, with at least 3,000 armed
men on board.
The Spanish, as well as the English fleet, is to remain six
months at sea, and the number of armed men ought never to
be less than 3,000 on board either of the fleets.
Neither of the contracting parties is at liberty to recall his
fleet before the end of the six months without the express
consent of the other contracting party.
9. King Ferdinand the Catholic binds himself to send
40 ships to Southampton or some other English port, before
the end of April next, on board which ships the 6,000 English
troops are to embark and to sail to Aquitaine. The King of
England promises to pay the expenses occasioned thereby to
King Ferdinand.
10. If King Ferdinand should conquer any places in Aquitaine
or in other parts of the world which formerly belonged
to the crown of England, he binds himself to restore them
without delay to the King of England.
11. Should the King of France, during the war in Aquitaine,
attack either of the contracting princes in their own
states, the contracting prince who is not attacked is bound
to succour the attacked prince with all the forces he can
dispose of, without interrupting, however, the war in Aquitaine.
12. The Pope has convoked a general council in the
Vatican, the object of which is to suppress heresy and schism,
and to reform the Catholic Church. The French have convoked
another schismatical council at Pisa. The contracting
parties bind themselves to favour the Council of the Vatican,
and to oppose with all their might the Council of Pisa.
13. Neither of the contracting parties is at liberty to conclude
treaties of peace or of truce with the King of France
without the consent of the other contracting party.
14. All former treaties of peace and friendship between
Spain and England remain in full force.
15. Both contracting princes are to ratify this treaty, and
the ratifications are to be exchanged.
The power of the King of England, dated Westminster, the
10th of November, 3rd Henry VIII., follows here.
The power of King Ferdinand the Catholic, dated Valladolid,
the 31st of July 1511, follows here.
The treaty is dated Westminster, the 17th of November of
the year 1511, according to the English style.
(Signed)
T. Surrey.
G. Shrewsbury.
Latin. Autograph. On one very large sheet of parchment.
Printed in Rymer. |
17 Nov.
S. E. Pat. Re.
T. c. I. L. 6. f. 4. |
60. Treaty between King Ferdinand The Catholic and
King Henry of England.
This document is a contemporay copy of the preceding
treaty, written on paper, and filling 16 pages. |
| End of the
year.
M. Re. Ac. d.
Hist. Salazar. A.
48. f. 325. |
61. King Ferdinand The Catholic to Luis Caroz, his
Ambassador in England.
He is to speak in his name to the King of England as
follows.
Four nations represented the whole of Christendom in
the old church councils, viz., the Italians, the Germans, the
French, and the Spaniards. In the Council of Constance,
however, the number of nations was increased by one, the
English being then recognized as a separate and independent
nation. Is of opinion that the King of England ought not
to permit the pre-eminence gained in the Council of Constance
to be lost in the Council of the Lateran which the
Pope has convoked. (fn. 2) Offers his assistance to defend the
English nationality.
Being so intimately united with the King of England by
affection, relationship, and alliances, it is but natural that he
and the King of England should act as though they were
one with regard to all affairs destined to be treated of in the
council, and should see that such measures be taken as will be
beneficial to the real interests of God, of the Church, and of
the Christian community. The Spanish and English ambassadors
attending the council ought, therefore, to receive
identical instructions.
At former councils there were disputes between the ambassadors
of Castile and of England about precedence. These
disputes were decided in favour of Castile, as the protocols
of the councils show. Such disputes could only have taken
place on account of England and Castile being on bad terms
with one another at that time, but must be avoided now
that both countries are on terms of the most perfect amity.
Intends to send two ambassadors to the council, one to represent
him (as King of Aragon), and the other to represent the
Queen of Castile, his daughter. The ambassador who represents
him is to give precedence to the ambassador of England.
But as he is only the governor and administrator of
Castile, he cannot well renounce any pre-eminence belonging
to that kingdom. In order, therefore, to avoid all occasion
of dispute, he proposes that the ambassador of the King of
England and the ambassador of Castile should be one and
the same person, who will receive his instructions from
Castile, as well as from England. If it should be decided
that the ambassador of Castile shall take precedence of the
ambassador of England, the English would have no ground
of offence, because the ambassador of Castile would be also
their ambassador. If, on the contrary, the ambassador of
England should be called upon to take precedence of the
ambassador of Castile, the Spaniards would not resent it, for
the same reason.
If the King of England should not approve of this proposal,
he is to ask him not to send any ambassador from England,
but to give his power to the first ambassador of the embassy
which will go from Spain. The Cardinal of England
being in Rome, the King of England does not require a
special ambassador, and it can be arranged that the ambassadors
sent by Spain shall do nothing without the approval
of the Cardinal. All disputes would be avoided if this
measure were adopted, because the first ambassador, who
would be the representative of Castile and England, would
take precedence of the other ambassador who would merely
be the representative of Aragon.
Should the King of England reject this second proposal as
well as the first, he is to beg him to nominate the Cardinal of
England as his ambassador, and to send no one else. As the
Cardinal of England would take his seat among the other
cardinals, and the Spanish ambassador among the other
ambassadors, the question whether Castile or England has
the precedence would be avoided.
He is to speak with the King of England on this subject
with much "sweetness," and to see that the question of
precedence be decided before the ambassadors assemble in
the council. It would be a bad thing if the ambassadors,
instead of uniting their forces to carry out useful measures,
were to quarrel with one another about matters of ceremony.
Another way of arranging this affair would be that the
ambassadors of Castile and of England should never go on
the same day to the sittings of the council, but that the
ambassador of Castile should be present one day, and the ambassador
of England the next day, and so on until the conclusion
of the sittings. This arrangement, however, would
have many inconveniences. The King of France having
declared himself to be an enemy of the Church, and he (King
Ferdinand) and the King of England being friends and
defenders of the Church, it is necessary for them not only
to be closely united on the field of battle, but also in the
deliberations of the council.
He is to bring about either of the arrangements mentioned
in this letter, or any other which will not endanger
the pre-eminence of Castile. He can tell the King of England
that, if he were not the guardian of his daughter the Queen
of Castile, he would make no difficulty in surrendering the
pre-eminence of Castile in like manner as he surrenders that
of Aragon, but being only the Governor and not the King of
Castile, it is difficult for him to renounce any right which that
kingdom claims.
He is to write how he has arranged this affair.
Superscribed : "Don Luis Caroz."
Spanish. Draft. Written by the Secretary Almazan. pp. 5. |