Henry VIII: May 1546, 11-15 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 21 Part 1, January-August 1546. Originally published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1908.

'Henry VIII: May 1546, 11-15', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 21 Part 1, January-August 1546, (London, 1908) pp. 390-415. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol21/no1/pp390-415 [accessed 24 April 2024]

May 1546, 11-15



11 May.	789. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A.P.C., 414.	Meeting at Greenwich, 11 May. Present: Chancellor, Privy Seal, Essex, Durham, Winchester, Wingfield. Business:—General letter to mayors, sheriffs, etc., that a Portuguese carvel, the Sancta Maria de Leusa, master Alexio de Consalez, laden in "the Baye of Caliz" with 92 tons of alum and 7 sacks of galls, goods of Fernando de Assa and Martin Lopez, to be discharged in London to the King's use, was spoiled by English adventurers on the coast of South Wales, as shown by testimonial of the mayor of Haverfordwest; the misdoers are to be apprehended and the goods restored to bearer. Letter to the President of Wales to send an express person to assist the bearer of the above.
11 May.	790. The Privy Council to Petre.
R. O. St. P., i. 842.	Yesterday morning, had Mr. Crome before them and, as the King commanded, "objected" to him his misbehaviour at Paules Crosse, contrary to his own promise; the bps. of London and Worcester, Mr. Coxe, the Dean of Paules, Mr. Robynson, Mr. Redeman and Mr. Rydeley being present. He answered, with great asseverations and marvellous constancy, that he had fulfilled his promise and ought not to be blamed but rather commended. The bps. of London and Worcester and the others replied; but especially Mr. Coxe, who rehearsed Crome's sermon and, noting his manner and vain digressions, to his confusion reminded him how he (Coxe) was deluded, who had travailed with the King in his favour, and how the Dean of Exeter, Mr. Haynes, had admonished him not to yield to the fancies of his brethren of London, and to beware of saying "these words that he came not to recant," but do the King s will earnestly. Being satisfied that Crome had frustrated the King's expectation at the Cross and untruly denied what he had the day before done, the writers proceeded to the examination of what Crome preached at the Mercers' Chapel on Passion Sunday. At first Crome refused to answer therein; but, being reminded of his danger, he yielded and was examined upon certain interrogatories (sent herewith, together with his answers and the depositions of certain witnesses, the effect of which Petre can signify to the King more briefly than can be written). As it appears that sundry persons have used themselves with Crome otherwise than is tolerable, the writers would know the King's pleasure (being loth to offend either by doing too much or too little), and have again the depositions and examinations. Crome notes that he was comforted by one Lasselles, whom they are examining, not upon Crome's detection, but because he boasted a desire to be called to the Council. Dr. Hewike, the physician, appearing this day upon a complaint made against him in the variance with his wife, the writers take the opportunity to examine him also, and will send his answers.
	Received to-day an information (herewith) subscribed by inhabitants of Tenterden, Kent, of a seditious sermon made there on Easter Wednesday; and have sent to apprehend the preacher. (fn. n1)
	Although these cumbersome matters have consumed much time, we have fashioned instructions and the minute of a letter for practising a contribution, and send them for the King's correction; we will also send the names of such commissioners as seem good. The matter must be despatched this week.
	Will not forget to steal time for "the description of men to be in a readiness." Have to-morrow a great matter with the auditors and receivers. We return your letters, and think that the King has taken a very good order to signify the fashions of those men to the Ambassador; also we like the repair of my lord Admiral to the sea. We sent the commissions to my lord Great Master, my lord Warden, for Kent, and my lord De la Warre, for Sussex, to put the people in order and watch the beacons if the Frenchmen now abroad attempt anything. Have written to Hertford, "in case of the breach of communication of peace," to be ready to prevent the Frenchmen fortifying the point against Boleyn haven. Grenewiche, 11 May 1546. Signed by Wriothesley, Russell, Essex, Durham, Winchester, Gage and Wingfield.
	Pp. 5. Add. Endd.
R. O.	2. Original draft of the above. Undated.
	In Gardiner's hand, pp. 8.
11 May.	791. Arundel Hospital.
R. O. Rymer. xv. 91.	Surrender by Henry Rede, clk., master, and the brethren, of the hospital or almshouse of Holy Trinity in Arundel, Suss., 11 May 38 Hen. VIII. Signed by the master and three others, and with seventeen marks. (See Eighth Report of Dep. Keeper of Public Records, App. II. 7.)
	Note by Sampson Michell, one of the Chancery masters, that the above was taken before him.
	Parchment. Good seal. Endd. with note that John Wyseman, then mayor of Arundell, Adam Sheparde, mercer, Laur. Richardson, John Blaber, and Robt. Whyte, cordwainers, Philip Wyther and Robert Mody, butchers, and the writer of the document, Peter Baker, servant to William Carkeke, were present, with many others. Enrolled (Cl. Roll 38 Hen. VIII., p. 2, No. 42) as acknowledged the same day before the King in Chancery.
11 May.	792. Paget to Petre.
R. O.	It appears by the King's letters that two platts are to be sent from thence setting forth the bounds upon two sundry overtures. As the knowledge of those limits is necessary for our next meeting, pray send them speedily. My lord Admiral has this morning sent word that he will be with me today. The day before my departure I was suitor, upon the request of my lord Deputy and Council of this town at my last being here, for a goodly fellow's pardon who. two or three years past, being privy to a felony for which one of Sir Francis Dawtre's servants suffered, was condemned for not disclosing it, but reprieved by the judges. At first his Majesty doubted that it had been some notable thief, but afterwards granted the pardon, for which the Deputy and Council render humble thanks. I send you the pardon and pray you to get it signed and sent hither before my departure.
	You think to hear from us again before we break, but I doubt it much. It shall be as God wills Calais, 11 May 1546.
	P.S.—Pray send my letter forthwith to my wife. Herewith is a letter from Lord Gray. Speak with Mr. Baker therein and do what may be to redubbe the matter.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.
11 May.	793. Hertford to the Council.
R. O.	Perceives by their letters that they wish to send for Cornishe, his lieutenant in Jersey, to answer a complaint exhibited by Edmond Peryn of Jersey, and therefore desire him to send some one to supply that place for the time. Being here in the King's service, and having only one servant, his steward, to whom he would entrust so important a thing at a time when the enemy may annoy that isle, he desires them to forbear hearing the matter until towards winter, "if the peace follow not"; for from what he has heard he is sure that Cornish is wrongfully accused. If, however, they think it unmeet to forbear so long, he begs them to send a commissioner thither to examine the matter; upon whose return, if the case so require, he will send for Cornishe. As to the report of the daily coming from hence of soldiers who are able to serve; took order at his first coming to the army that none should depart without his passport, and has licensed none save upon certificate of their captains and of Mr. Bridges, provost marshal. Thinks the report untrue, as the passages both here and at Newenham bridge are so kept that even merchants and others coming only to see their friends dare not pass without licence. If any steal over in other places, he begs their lordships to order their apprehension; and has written to the commissioners at Dover, as they advise. Lord Graye sends word that whereas victuallers used to repair to Bulloigne, by a general restraint in England none shall henceforth come thither but have their access here only. This will enforce greater scarcity than is necessary and give occasion to consume the King's store there. Begs them to license victualling as well at Bulloigne as here, whereby both pieces shall be relieved. Camp at Newhaven in Bullonoyes, 11 May 1546. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add. Endd.
11 May.	794. Carne to Paget.
R. O.	This day received Paget's letter of the 9th and declared the instructions therein to President Schore and Mons. Skyperius, who gave thanks for his commendations and were sure the Emperor would be glad that the King should make an honourable peace, if their treaty were reserved as the amity requires; which being reserved, they here "do not much doubt the Frenchmen." They were glad that the King gave special charge "to have regard to the said treaty and amity of his ancient friend the Emperor," there being no cause of breach between them, for the "particular griefs" between their subjects could be "componed" well enough. The President added a warning not to trust French promises; and said he would declare Paget's gentle advertisement to the Queen.
R. O.	According to Paget's letter of 7 March (sic) in favour of Florent de Diaceto, received yesterday, has obtained the Queen's letter to the captain of Gravelinge "to passe with hys 12 horses meen (sic) and harnes, hys wagon, with there horsses and all hys necessaries for the campe to serve the K's Ma^te." The Princes of Germany begin to gather at Ratisbone, but as yet the "preposition" is not made there. The Viceroy of Cicilia (fn. n2) shall have the late Marquese of Gwasto's room in the duchy of Mielane; and Count Guylame goes to Pemont with a great army for the Prince of Pemont, for whom the Bishop of Rome also prepares a great army. (In margin in Carne's hand: "These news of Count Guillaume and the Prince of Piedemonte serve to encourage us, but we know they be not true.") Bynkes, 11 May. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.: 1546.
11 May.	795. William Damesell to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Came this day from Macline, from proving the 8 brazen pieces bought upon condition that the merchant obtain passport to transport them hence,—which he cannot yet obtain from the Lady Regent, although he is substantial and esteemed in this Court. His name is Garet Starke and he serves the Emperor with all kinds of munitions. He desires Damesell to write to the ambassador with the Lady Regent to assist him. Lately sent hence two hoys, which he trusts are arrived at London, with gunpowder, pikes and ships' anchors; and has now laden a hoy of Andwarpe with 80 barrels of gunpowder and certain anchors, but stays her to carry the said pieces of ordnance if he may have licence. Also has news out of Zelond, that this morning, 11 May, three French galleys and one "latyne barke" came to Flushyne, either chased thither by some of Henry's ships or as themselves say, driven by foul weather. They say that the residue, numbering fourteen, have returned to Depe after taking a small pinnace and two or three small vessels "with other victuallers" before Bollayne. Doubts the truth of this taking of the King's ships, which is only bruited by the Frenchmen. Some think that they lie in wait for hulks coming out of Estlond with corn provided by the King. In all this country corn is very dear. The Emperor is already entered into the diet of "guaicum" and afterwards will return hither; for the Allemayns and he cannot agree touching the Council. Andwarpe, 11 May 38 Hen. VIII.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add. Sealed. Endd.
11 May.	796. Mason to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., xi. 147.	Arrived at Heydelberg with Duke Philip, 4 May, and immediately informed the Elector. Supped that night with Otho Henryke who took the King s recommendations in good part and showed how long ago and when and where he first saw his Majesty, whose faithful servant he had ever since remained. Next morning the Elector sent his Chancellor to welcome Mason and promise audience at 12 o'clock. Asked whether the French ambassadors were yet gone (knowing that they departed about three days before). "'There was,' quoth he, 'an abbot here. I have forgotten his name.' 'Bassefowntayne,' quoth I 'Yea, the same,' quoth he, 'and lately hath taken his leave and is in his journey homeward.' 'It is a wonderful thing,' quoth I, 'to consider these Frenchmen's lucks. To see them every day beguile with fair words one or another; and yet to see how princes will still continue the danger thereof.' 'In good faith,' quoth he, 'I know no great matter he had here to do, and whatsoever it were I think he need not much boast his success.' And herewith he rose, having small fancy, as methought to commune further in those matters." At 12 o'clock a gentleman brought word that the rainy weather (it rained all day) made the gout so troublesome that the Elector would not rise that day and prayed Mason to defer coming until 9 o'clock next day. Meanwhile travailed by means of Duke Philip and Dr. Mounte, who is diligent and faithful and in good credit here, to learn how the Elector stood with the French king and the Protestants. Heard that Bassefowntayne had been highly entertained, and that the Elector's secretary Hubert was gone with Vopisperg into France, and had himself seen divers priests married by the Elector's permission, and also his written abrogation of private masses and alteration of the most substantial ceremonies in the common mass; but could not learn that any confederation was passed with either, all depending on the Secretary's mission to France and the meeting of commissaries at Ratisbone (for at Wormes was nothing done). Decided, therefore, to show the Elector his whole commission, thinking with Mounte that things in train might by honorable overtures be deferred or altered. At 9 o'clock was brought by a gentleman to the castle and met at the hall door by the Marshal, who is next in credit to the Chancellor. Tarried "a very little while" in the outer privy chamber, and then the Elector, with his Chancellor, came out of his bed chamber and, with "glad cheer," asked heartily how the King did. Presented the letters, which, being in Latin, were read out by the Chancellor, and the Elector again welcomed him as ambassador and asked him to declare his credence in Latin (they had been talking French) so that the Chancellor might understand it. Declared in Latin, at good length, the King's congratulations on his calling to the dignity of Elector. He then consulted briefly with his Chancellor, who turned to Mason and declared how the Elector thanked the King and thought no excuse for delay necessary when he had so many proofs of the King's love, as well at their first acquaintance on this side the sea as since in England, where he was so princely entertained and liberally rewarded; he would show himself worthy of the King's confidence.
	Said then to the Elector, in French, that he had' other matters of importance to show secretly (as in his instructions). The Elector promised to keep them as close as his soul was within his body, a promise which he would make also for his Chancellor; and therefore he desired Mason to tell them hardily in Latin. But Mason alleged his commission to tell them to none but the Elector himself. The Elector then commanded his Chancellor to go aside, saying it was the first time he ever did the like, and that he never did anything without the said Chancellor's advice. Declared how Duke Philip, in England for other purposes, renewed communication of the marriage, why the King was moved to favour him, what was thought the high way for forwarding the affair, the honor to the whole family, "her possibility far better than it was when this communication was first begun, the reputation of her person," the device for some secret man, and with him a learned man, to be sent into England and meanwhile the Elector to keep himself free of all confederations, what the King would do in his matter of Denmark, and other points of the instructions, reserving the last part of his charge. The Elector asked if that was all. Answered that there was one more point, but he feared to be troublesome and would be glad of answer to these first. "Nay, I pray you," quoth the Elector, "make an end, to the intent that, your commission thoroughly known, I may make you an answer all together." Went on, therefore, to speak of the long continuance of certain Frenchmen with him, levying men against the King and learning "his and other strengths, purposes and determinations," with request that henceforth he and his friends would stop the going of men to aid the French king; and then set forth the nature of Frenchmen and their selfish practices and ingratitude, of which Henry was a good example, who had done so much for them. After a long pause and looking now and then at the Chancellor who stood in a far corner, the Elector said that these matters required consideration, and, as we had been a good while together, and it was high dinner time, he begged to be excused for the present, and promised Mason (who said that having been long in his journey he would be glad to write to the King of his arrival) that they should talk together again shortly. He then talked familiarly of other things, asking the state of Henry's body, and wishing that they were both as young as when they first met. "God make you both," quoth Mason, "long old men and to enjoy many years of them that be to come, for back again you shall never go." "Truth!" quoth he, "By God, I am a good deal older than he is, and yet besides that I have the gout, which maketh me that I can keep no company with any man, and I am sorry therefor, for your sake, with whom I would have been glad to have dined; but you shall have to keep you company my brother and my two nephews, and I pray you be heartily merry."
	Heard no more of the matter till 3 p.m. next day, when the Chancellor came and said that the illfavoured weather had laid up the Duke, who, however, desired Mason to know that there was a bruit everywhere of the contract concluded between the King's daughter and Duke Philip, which had not been revealed by him. Answered that he had no doubt of the Duke's keeping secret the things which he promised so to keep, and this thing was nothing and might well be sprung by some of Duke Philip's servants who saw conference once or twice between Lady Mary and him. The Chancellor said that his lord had as yet told him no part of the secret communication, but wished to know, in case of a treaty of confederation with the King, what would be the articles, as well those touching religion as other. Replied that as to religion he had nothing in particular save that the report was untrue that the King refused to join others of like opinion here touching the abolition of the Bishop of Rome's authority and refusal of any General Council called by him, nor had any overture thereof ever been made from hence; but the learned messenger who was to be sent should not find the King swerve from the straight line of Scripture; and as to articles of amity he had nothing in writing but, by his conferences with the King and some of the Council, he could conjecture what the special points should be, and these he would put in articles and send them next morning to the Elector if he might not come himself. Next morning the Chancellor came for the articles which turned into Latin (copy enclosed), he delivered sealed, requiring the Chancellor to deliver them as set forth of himself. Prayed the Chancellor that he might this day have some kind of answer, for he desired to signify to the King his arrival here and would gladly write something worth reading.
	On Wednesday last, (fn. n3) the day he had access to the Elector in the forenoon, Duke Philip had access in the afternoon, whom Mason previously reminded of what he had often shown him to be the only means to bring this great matter to pass, and asked him to report how he found the Elector. From that day to this Sunday (fn. n4) could never hear of him, although he sent, both by Baron Hadicke and by servants, desiring to speak with him. Yesterday desired Mr. Mownte to watch for him and pray him either to speak with Mason or send word what he had done. Mownte "found him diseased upon his bed at the Court, I think ex merore," and he told him that he had first opened to the Elector the manner of his entertainment in the King's service and that he had promised to serve against all men save the Emperor, the Empire, the Protestants and the Palatinate. This he seemed to like well; but to the other things which Duke Philip had heard from the King's mouth and from the ambassador, he only answered that they were weighty and he would take time to think upon an answer: and so retired, seeming to be ill at ease, and he (Philip) had not seen him since.
	This Sunday (fn. n4) afternoon came the Chancellor, saying that since our conference, either by taking cold in the wide chamber or standing too long, the Elector came never out of bed and therefore was forced to open the matter to the said Chancellor and send the following answer:—First, thanks for giving ear to Duke Philip's suit for the marriage, the most honourable in Christendom, both for her possibility and her other qualities, whereby all the family will be most bounden to the King. The confederation, even if it touched himself alone, would require great consideration, he having so many old leagues with the Emperor, Duke of Baviere, Landsgrave, and so forth; but whereas the overture is for him to induce his friends to it, "to that he neither may, neither will agree"; for, having been long pressed to enter their confederation for religion, he will not turn the case and make their part his; but if the King agrees with them he will be right glad to join. In religion he has framed his conscience to Confessionem Augustanam and trusts not to vary from it; and he wots not where to find such a learned man as the King seems to require, for all in his province are "bent in one trade," and he himself was the last to come in to it; and therefore he begs to be excused, being sure that he could never persuade his friends to a meeting of learned men; for the Emperor when last at Spire was in hand with them therein, and was answered that their doctrine was well enough known and they would not bring it again in question. And yet he thinks a confederation so great a step that he is not in theirs, although it consists only in the maintenance of each if invaded for any point in Confessione Augustanam. That Frenchmen frequent his court he cannot deny. Bassefowntayn was once a student in this University and came only to make merry with his aquaintance, and returned yesterday without seeing the Elector. Ryckrode was formerly Wolphang's servant, and comes now and then to the Elector as a duty. As for Denmark, the Elector seeks nothing but the delivery of his father-in-law, (fn. n5) which the French king has undertaken to procure, and if the King will travail therein also it shall be a noble deed. And here he made an end.
	Mason said it might be put, in fewer words, that no part of his legation would be accepted; and he was sorry, as he had desired the alliance and naturally wished for the success of a thing committed to him; he thanked the Elector, "as the poor gentleman thanked King Lewis for his speedy answer in the refusal of his petition, "but he thought that the Elector might have declared it himself, and that the King might not like this proceeding, and he would be glad to speak with the Elector before despatching into England. The Chancellor answered that had it been possible the Elector would have done so, but, to be plain, he was "in the diet." Mason said he did not understand why the Elector refused to be a means to his friends to come in to the confederation, for, they hanging upon him to join them, if he should say "I will come to you and bring a king with me if you will be content with reason" it would be an ill bargain that they would refuse The Chancellor reiterated that his master would not make himself a suitor but join their confederation when he liked. "That is to say in few words," quoth Mason, "he will not." Adding that it had been no great matter to send, for they little knew to what the King would come, who would proceed as the Scripture led, and surely the country was not destitute of a learned man more leaning to reason than to fancy. "Well," quoth the Chancellor "a quiet conscience would not be troubled. I have told you my master's saying, and I can go no further." Mason told him that as for the Frenchmen there was too much dissimulation in his words; was it not known how long Bassefowntayne, Rycrode and others had haunted here, and what cheer they made? Would anyone do this for pleasure in so unpleasant a town? Had not Ricrode levied men, who were on their way to France, and bargained with 36 captains for a great number? Was not Hubert the Elector's secretary and councillor gone into France with Vopisperg? The Chancellor answered that he had no commission to speak therein; Frenchmen wherever they were would banquet and revel; Ryckerodde was said to have levied a few men about Argentyne to furnish ensigns which were diminished in France, but if he were to levy the great number for which the 36 captains were appointed the Elector would not suffer them to pass, for the Protestants lately concluded at Wormes that it was inexpedient to let so many men slip away until it were seen what men were needed at home. "This is a common respect," quoth Mason "and of all likelihood shall end when the Emperor shall be departed out of Germany." "I know not that" quoth the Chancellor, "I have showed you my master the Elector's determination and now will I take my leave." And so he would needs depart: and Mason desired him to remind the Elector to keep this matter secret. Heydelberge, 11 May. Signed.
	Pp. 15. Add. Endd.
11 May.	797. Mason to Paget.
R. O.	By the King's letters you will perceive the fruit of my legation, declared in many lines but in the end nothing; reminding me of Duke Philip's report, by the mouth of Hubert, the secretary, touching the league with the Frenchmen which I signified from Andwerpp. (fn. n6) I think Hubert is at present in France, albeit here they dissemble it. Bassefowntayn and Ryckerowde have here made such banquetings and scattered such gifts about the Court as "it is a wonder to hear the rehearsal thereof." The town is full of lansknechts belonging to Coronell Ryckerowde, who will be here within four days. Bassefowntayn was absent at my arrival, and since is returned and departed again yesterday. The Paltzgrave is grieved with the Emperor for the truce with Denmark, which is thought to be the cause of his sudden coming in to the Religion; and through his vain hope in the French king, for whom his secretary has been a good proctor, he has entangled himself with the Frenchmen. "His brother Duke Wolphang is in train to be entertained of the Frenchmen," and now upon Duke Philip's return that will soon be at a point. Otho Henryke is a good fellow, making good cheer and ignoring princes' matters, "but in religion he is as stiff as steel, and sticketh not, full sore against his nature, to rise at six of the morning to hear the sermons which are lately instituted upon this new reformation. Duke Philip is rather counted for a good gentleman than for a man of any compass; and if you saw him before the Palzgrave you would think it were a scholar before the master." The Chancellor is "a good, sober, grave man," but so brought up in the religion of Germany that at his first coming to the Palzgrave's service, 20 years ago, he indented for permission to write and speak at liberty; and yet he is said to have a pension of the French king. The Secretary is a better Frenchman than German, and has "well employed the breach of his master with the Emperor." It is easy to conjecture what is here to be looked for. As to staying men from France, the Palzgrave cannot do it [though] he would. A proclamation would restrain those who have anything to lose, but idle and unmarried men might go as though they had business at Argentyn, or in the marquisate of Bade, or in Swytherland. For this no man lies so commodiously as Count Guillame, who lies on the borders where musters are commonly made. The bruit is that the Emperor goes shortly to Trent and thence to the Bishop of Rome to ratify things concluded in the Council. "And thus hath he leisure, God amend it! to dream mischief, by the discord of other Christian princes, which he will not, assure yourself, spend in vain. Our Lord send us an unity before he come to the end of his intent and desire!" Duke Philip has bargained with 25 captains who, if as good in the field as at their first meeting in the house, will not be stirred five feet out of their place by a good band of men. Such a company I never saw. All his confidence is in the captain he brought into England, who keeps an inn in a town by the way called Saintware. The said captains were last year with Rieffenberge, but he says they are honest men. "The best is that I trust we shall not occupy them." I am threatened "to be talked withal," but hitherto have escaped; and I trust the King will save 4 nobles a day and call me home out of their hands, and so stay much suspicion and many bruits. Mons. de Vandreye arrived here yesterday from the Emperor and chafes that he cannot get speech of the Palzgrave, to whom he says he has "no great commission but only to see him by the way." I tell him mine is to "gratulate" the Palzgrave upon the electorship, which the King hitherto had omitted to do, not knowing the custom in such cases.
	"There is no private mass here used, and [all] other service in the church is continued. The high m[ass is] daily kept until sacring time, even after our sort, s[ave] that the epistle and the gospel after their reading in [the] choir in Latin be immediately read in the body of the church [to] the people in the mother tongue. As soon as the Creed is sung and the offertory, in case any of the people be disposed to be communicate, the priest taketh so many hosts as are necessary and sayeth over the same the words of consecration without any other further ceremonies and straight distributeth the same unto them. Like sort useth he with the chalice, the wine wherein, after he hath consecrated, he delivereth to be drunken in such order as he had before distributed the hosts. In case there be no man disposed to receive the Sacrament, then at the end of the Creed, the priest turneth to the people and singeth a collect in the Almain tongue; and so is mass done." Heydelberge, 11 May 1546.
	P.S. in his own hand.—Please let my man return with next despatch, for I can ill spare him.
	Pp. 3. Add. Endd.
11 May.	798. Mason to Paget.
R. O.	Having come out of England but yesterday, it were half a shame to sue for his return: but, if, upon this answer of the Paltzgrave, the King thinks, as he does, that his tarrying here can be of no service, he begs Paget's help that he may tarry no longer. If any new commission should compel him to put his men on horseback, his diet is insufficient, things being so dear and such resort made "upon the name of ambassador." Lacks no good will to serve, but lacks wit, ability and health. Mr. Mount is a sufficient man for any commission, "and things may sooner be compassed by the secret name of an agent than by the pompous name of an ambassador." I leave the whole to your wisdom, "but once you may now win my wife for ever." Our Lord preserve you, with my good lady. Heydelberge, 11 May 1546.
	P.S.—Mons. de Vanderey cannot tell me whether the Emperor means to go to Italy or return to these Low Countries, but rather thinks he will return.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
11 May.	799. Mont to Henry VIII.
R. O.	After the sending back of the King's post, Duke Philip and Mr. Mason arrived [at Worms], and the latter gave a copy of his commission to Mont, who likewise communicated his instruction. On the following day started for Heidelberg with Mason from whose letters the King will know the state of his embassy. The French agents had gone five days before our arrival, apparently to those footmen who from this neighbourhood were then gone towards Lorraine, for France. Of their number nothing definite can be learnt, only that they are to reinforce the men already in France; and the many starving men about, whom no one has hired, is an argument that they are not numerous. Vogelsbergius is now returning out of France and Reckrode and the Count of the Rhine have orders to hire officers for 36 standards, so that these may be ready to go into France when required. "Nonnullos [e Palatini dition]ibus et capitaneos et pedites modo in Galliam abiisse co[nstat] .......... tempore quo nos hic sumus hic adfuit et it[erum] ............. ligni curam se Ratisbone inmisisse fer ............. [ad Prin]cipes scripsit commonens eos ut pri ...................... nire velint, verum nemine ...................... Imperatorem Ratisbon .................. [Romanum] Episcopum, multique suspicantur ............... [Concilii Triden]tini decretis confirmandis et exequen[dis] ............... burg mandatum habere dicitur ad q ............... Cesarem in Italiam juncto Hispano milite q .............. commoratur deductura sunt. Elector Palatinus B ............ narravit, dixit commissarios Cesaris modo spem March[ioni Alberto facere] vestram Majestatem eo equite usurum quern is Cesaris mandato jam supra tres menses in expectatione tenuit, et ut se appararent jussit." Now also the Emperor holds a meeting of the nobles in Franconià and Swabia, and will make his excuse (for there the Marquis levied most of his horsemen) that he would never take up arms in Germany because of the religious controversy; but wise men suspect that he seeks to draw those nobles from the Protestant party to the Bishops, the chief of whom dwell there, as Wurzburg, Bamberg, Passau and others. These nobles too have special liberties and immunities from contributions of the Empire, and it is probable that the Emperor will ask their consent to give the contributions decreed for the Turkish war. In the Diet at Ratisbon also many think that he will labour to obtain that money.
	Has heard nothing from the Landgrave except those letters of which he lately sent the translation. Hears that Count William has sent his own agent in the business which the writer signified to him. Heydelberg, 11 May 1546
	Lat. Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.
11 May.	800. Philip Count Palatine to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., xi. 146.	Gave his salutations and those of the Queen and Princess Mary to the Elector Palatine and his wife, who in turn desire to be commended. The ambassador's letters will report what has been done in the commission given them at their leaving England; and the writer is much grieved that things have not succeeded as the King and he wished. Has been as earnest therein as if his life depended on it Would know what more to do for the completion of the marriage which the Elector his uncle much desires. Has hired captains for the 10,000 footmen and begs the King to signify when he wants them and appoint a mustering place. Heidelberg, 11 May 1546.
	Lat. Hol., p. 1. Add. Sealed. Endd.
12 May.	801. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A.P.C., 415.	Meeting at Greenwich, 12 May. Present: Chancellor, Privy Seal, [Essex, Durham, Winchester, Wingfield]. Business:—Letter to mayor of Bristol to arrest a prize lately taken by Thomas Wyndham, who had not yet recompensed M. de Miranda. Warrant to Pekham for 4,000l. to Sir Ralph Warren, Sir Ric. Gresham, Sir John Gresham and Sir Rol. Hill to be exchanged to Stephen Vaughan. —— (blank), collector of subsidy in Devonshire, appeared as bound before the Lord Chancellor.
12 May.	802. Prince Edward to Queen Katharine Parr.
Halliwell's Royal Letters, ii. 8. Nichols' Lit. Rem. of Edw. VI., 9.	Begging pardon for his rude style of writing, he thanks her for kindness to him and his sister. But the only real love is the love of God; and therefore he prays her to beg his dear sister Mary "to attend no longer to foreign dances and merriments which do not become a most Christian princess." Hunsdon, 12 May.
	Translation from a Latin original (not now to be found).
12 May.	803. Mayor and Jurats of Rye to Lisle.
R. O.	This day came before us the Dutchman whom your Lordship sent into France, and Mr. Porter, the post of Dover. The said Fleming or Dutchman was first at Stapulles, where two bulwarks are made by the old wall for succour of the galleys, one on the south-east and the other on the north-west, hard by the town. In each are two "curtolles" of brass and eight iron pieces. Between that and Diepe is no preparation; for they have carried the ordnance from Trayporte to Diepe, where a new bulwark is made on the hill at the east side of Pollett. No ships are there but one topman. At Feccham is no provision. At Newhaven are 17 great ships of three tops apiece, the admiral having four tops, ready victualled for sea. There they muster daily, saying that they will have a camp in Picardye. At Newhaven were 26 galleys "with them that are abroad," and 16 schalloppes. At Newhaven and Diepe are 60 sail of Bretons, merchant men; and at Diepe 5 Scots, merchant men, one of them being "a Portynggale bark with three mizens." The bearer of these news would have come to you but for fear of the galleys, which, he says, are but weakly manned. He arrived yesterday in the creek of Rye. Rye, 12 May, 8 p.m., 1546. Subscribed: The mayor and jurattes of Rye, at the request of the said Por[ter].
	Hol. p. 1. Add.: To, etc., the lord Admiral of England. Endd.
12 May.	804. Sir Robert Bowes to the Council.
R. O.	Bearer, John Carre, captain of the horsemen at Warke, repairs (with licence of Lord Eure, warden of the East Marches) to London, both to make suit for amendment of his living, which is very small and much wasted by the long wars with Scotland, lying as it does on the uttermost frontiers, and to seek physic and surgery for a painful stiffness of his sinews, specially in his legs, occasioned by divers grievous wounds. Ever since he came to man's age, and especially in these last wars, Carre has been forward in every dangerous enterprise and has spared neither friends nor substance in the King's service. Since the beginning of this war he has twice been sore hurt (once left in the field for dead), has once been taken prisoner, and has had two brethren slain, and the rest of his brethren and his two sons taken prisoners. All on these Borders agree that no Borderer of any sort has achieved so many great adventures to the King's honor; and by showing him favour the Council will do a good deed and encourage such as earnestly serve here in the wars against the Scots. Anwick, 12 May 1546. Signed.
	Pp. 3. Add. Endd.
12 May.	805. Paget to Petre.
R. O.	Monluc arrived here this morning with message from the Admiral of France to my lord Admiral that he regretted the coming abroad of their galleys, which was without either his or his master's knowledge, for he would in nowise give any occasion to let this treaty; wherefore he desires a fisherboat wherein to send a gentleman of his to command the galleys "to retire home again in the mischief and there to stay until he commanded them to come forth." Looks hourly for my lord Admiral's return from the sea. Calays, 12 May 1546.
	P.S.—I go this afternoon to Guisnes to tarry my lord Admiral's coming. If he come not tonight I must needs send for my lord of Hertford to be there on Friday. (fn. n7) Mr. Wootton is somewhat amended, but will not be able to be at the meeting. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
12 May.	806. Paget to Lisle.
R. O.	Has just received his letter written this morning in the Downes, showing that he tarries there and the enemies know that weather, will not suffer him to take the revenge he desires. If so, he had better come hither to accomplish his commission (from which he was not revoked, as far as Paget knows). Would point out in friendly sort that this departing from his charge seems neither honorable to the King nor him. Now the French galleys being gone (the Admiral having this day sent a gentleman to countermand them and another hither to appease Lisle), what will the world say of his going to sea to seek them; nay, what would the world say, though they were still at sea,—that the two Admirals being together for a peace, the King had no other to send and was fain to revoke his Admiral. Consider 1st, that you were sent hither on a special commission and have departed without the King's commandment; 2nd, "that your enemies be gone except peradventure a few (like as you have some);" 3rd, though they were not gone you could not hurt them; 4th, that the French Admiral, being now advertised that you cannot come and my lord of Hertford shall supply your place, sends word that he began with you "and will make an end with you or else let all alone, marvelling that you would depart after this sort, sending you word (if you would have tarried the answer of your messenger and not have departed so suddenly) that, by his faith and honour, nother the King his master nother he knew of their going forth, and therewithal sent a commandment addressed to Polyn and all the rest of captains upon the seas to have departed. This manner of proceeding, he saith, is not convenable for men of your sort, and taketh the matter (as he sent word) ungently handled, desiring to send you word hereof and to require you to come, or else that he will go his way and let all alone."
	In last letters you asked my advice and I sent it; but I see that great men sometimes ask advice only for manners' sake. If you will not be here tomorrow, pray signify it, "and we shall have cause to tarry here the lesser time." Guisnes, 12 May, 8 p.m., 1546.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd.
12 May.	807. Carne to Paget.
R. O.	Within this hour arrived a gentleman from the Emperor's ambassador in the French Court, and Mons. Skyperius came to tell me that the gentleman had charge to declare by mouth to the Queen that the French king is ready with a puissant army to come suddenly towards Bolloyn now during the treaty of peace, intending either to recover something, or break the King's army or destroy the Almains with Courtpenynge and those that lie without the fortresses. (In margin in Paget's hand,—"Baie, as th'Italien sayth.") Skyperius came hastily to warn me to advertise you thereof. He said the pretence was towards Bolloyn, but it might be for an exploit against them here. (In margin as before,—"Nota ibi.") Bynkes, 12 May 1546. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
12 May.	808. Mont to Paget.
R. O.	Has written to the King all that he could learn since Nicholas left, and meanwhile remains with Mr. Mason enjoying a double benefit in that he obeys the King's command and has Mason's company, than which nothing could be pleasanter. The condition of this Court, the change of religion and the state of negociations (habite legationis statum) will be learnt from Mason's letters. Commendations to Mr. Peter. Heydelberg, 12 May 1546.
	Lat. Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
13 May.	809. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A.P.C., 415.	Meeting at Greenwich, 13 May. Present: Chancellor, Privy Seal, Essex, Durham, Winchester, Gage, Browne, Wingfield. Business:—Letter to Lord Admiral forwarding petition of George Gordon, of Camphire, about spoil of his goods by the pinnace Shoulder of Mutton. Warrant to Candishe to deliver the duke of Meclenburgh's chancellor 25l. in reward.
13 May.	810. The Privy Council to Petre.
R. O. St. P., i. 845.	Bearers, my lord of Worcester and others, the King's chaplains, repair to his Majesty to declare proceedings with Crome. Beg him to help them to the King's presence, and to signify his Highness's further commands touching the matter. Look today for Latymer, the vicar of St. Bride's, (fn. n8) and some others that specially comforted Crome in his folly. Since the depositions last sent, Crome has confessed that Huick, upon sight of the articles which he was to set forth at Pols Crosse, thought that they could not be maintained with good conscience but was sure he could declare them honestly;—indeed others seem as much to blame as he. Send a lewd bill set on a London church door against one that deposed against Crome. Had it of the mayor of London, from whom and from the chief baron of the Exchequer they have received other lewd books and writings.
	Send a warrant to be signed for commissions to go forth for the Contribution. Have had here the merchants for the matter of the credit, and took order to deliver them 4,000l. for an entry to that matter. Took like order for 1,000l. for Leg of the Admiralty. Greenwich, 13 May 1546. Signed by Wriothesley, Russell, Essex, Durham, Winchester and Gage.
	Pp. 2. Add. Endd.
R. O.	2. Original draft of the above, omitting the last two sentences. Pp. 2. Endd.
13 May.	811. Petre to the Council.
R. O. St. P., i. 847.	The King remits the book (herewith) of the names of the commissioners for the Contribution, unaltered, to be used as the Council think meet, and thanks them for their travail in the matter of Crome and others, as my lord of Worcester and others will declare, who return with further commission. The French galleys remain still between Camber Nassh and Folkstone, and have taken some victuallers, the wind blowing for these three or four days so strainably at S.W. and S.S.W. that my lord Admiral cannot come out of the Downs. The warrant sent hither by your Lordships shall be signed to-day. As Crome in this last submission affirms again the former articles, one book is to be made of the articles sent hither now by my lord of Worcester, and those last agreed upon to be set forth by him, and it is to be signed by him and sent to his Highness. Westm., 13 May, 2 p.m.
	Has written again by the King's command to hasten Rogers's coming. Please sign the warrant herewith for 100 cr. to the Duke of Meclingburghes servant.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: at Greenwich. Endd.: 1546.
13 May.	812. The Privy Council to Petre.
R. O.	Send herewith a letter, with a bill enclosed, from Mr. Rich to the Lord Chancellor, whereupon to learn the King's pleasure whether he will now have Mr. Darcy accompany the rest of the Commissioners. Send also, to be shown to his Majesty, a book of articles which were left with James Baker, the shipwright, and by him copied, and divulged by another lewd fellow whom they have in ward. These seem to be "gathered out of the books that came last," whereof a great number appear to be abroad. Wish to have the articles again, and also the bill enclosed in Mr. Riche's letter, "to send to him again this night." Greenwich, 13 May. Signed by Wriothesley, Russell, Essex, Durham, Winchester, Gage, Browne and Wingfield.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.: 1546.
13 May.	813. Petre to Wriothesley.
R. O.	Herewith are the articles which you sent to be shown to the King, who wishes your Lordship and the rest of the Council to send for James Baker, the shipwright,—probably a simple man,—and, "without putting him in any great fear," search of him as much as you may. Sir Thomas Darcy his Highness may not well spare, as few are here in attendance.
	Sent the other articles to Mr. Riche. I send you the bill signed for the commission, which you sent me this morning; also the articles which Cromme subscribed last written together with the other articles, to be subscribed by Crome (either as they are or written in a fairer hand and better order) and sent again to be delivered to his Majesty. Westm., 13 May.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: To, etc., the Lord Chancellor of England.
13 May.	814. Sir Robert Bowes to the Council.
R. O.	Bearer, George Fenwick, a gentleman and most notable Borderer within the Middle Marches here, has valiantly served the King these 30 years, in war and peace, both against the Scots and against thieves. His service has not been without effusion of his blood, loss of goods and captivity. For his living in his old age he has bestowed a great part of his substance upon a lease of the demesnes of Brenkborne priory, near the frontier, having dearly bought it of Cuthbert Carnabie. His suit is to continue therein and, if he were able, to purchase the inheritance of it; and Bowes earnestly desires them to favour his suit as an encouragement to others. Anwick, 13 May 1546. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add. Endd.
13 May.	815. The Elect of the Isles and Patrick Maclane to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., iii. 567.	We your faithful subjects, Rore Rannaldsoun, elect of the Isles of Scotland, and Mr. Patrik Maclane, brother germain to the lord Maclane, who brought your Highness the bond of Donald last earl of Ros and lord of the said Isles (who died your true subject), are stayed in Ireland, uncertain whether it be by your pleasure. We beg that your Council of Ireland may direct us towards our country to entertain our friends in your service, for we departed from your Highness on 4 Sept. last. Dublin, 13 May. Signed: Rore Ronaldson, Elect off ye Isles of Scotland: Maistyr Pat'k Makclayn, brudyr g'mayn to ye lord Makclayn.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.: 1546.
13 May.	816. Lisle to Petre.
R. O.	I have received the letter herewith from Sir William Paget (fn. n9) and, as I did not depart without his consent and was thereto commanded by the King's letters, he does me a litttle wrong. And where he writes that, the Admiral having sent for the galleys, I may judge what the world will think of my seeking them when they are gone, I can answer that one who does a neighbour a shrewd turn when he is from home must look for another at home at his own doors, and that he should have had if the weather had served. Albeit the Admiral has retired the galleys and will surrender the prizes, the fire raised upon the King's realm should have been revenged had the weather been reasonable. If things take not the desired effect, the King will doubtless light a better candle with them. As the Admiral will either end with me or go his way I am taking boat out of the Pansey to enter Callys haven, and will not stay till I join Mr. Secretary at Guisnes, where I trust to be by 1 p.m. Meanwhile I leave the navy in charge of my lord William Howard, to keep all ready about Dover and the Downes. "Scribbled between Callays and the Skalys klevys," Thursday, 13 May.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.: 1546.
13 May.	817. Paget to Petre.
R. O.	Herewith are letters from Mr. Mason (fn. n10) showing the success of his journey. I see no great cause why the King should any longer honour the Palatine by keeping an ambassador with him. Tomorrow we meet in the place where we last met, if it be fair; and if it be foul we must devise some other means. If reason may rule with the Frenchmen, I hope to make a perpetual peace, as the King's last overture is so large for their honour and profit. My lord Admiral is even now come hither, and so are Mr. Lee and Mr. Rogers "who hath viewed the hills and showed me somewhat whereby we may work touching that point." Guisnes, 13 May 1546.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
13 May.	818. Hertford to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Perceives by a minute sent him by Secretary Paget the King's resolution to be declared to the Admiral of France and his colleagues, and that a plat of the country shall be sent when Rogers arrives, who apparently is or shall be sent for; and therefore Hertford now sends him with a plat of the country. Yesternight received the Council's letters directing him to be ready in case the treaty break to encamp that very day upon the hill foranempst Bulloigne and begin a fort. Has instructed Mr. Lee and Rogers to declare his device for the enemy's annoyance. Camp at your Highness' Newhaven in Bullonoyes, 13 May 1546. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
13 May.	819. William lord Grey to the Council.
R. O.	Has news that between Monstreull and Abbaville are arrived 900 or 1,000 men at arms, and about Pernes 18,000 inhabitants of Normandie, Champaignie and Bryan, "to come hitherwards if there be no peace concluded.' Treasurers are departed from the [Court] to pay 15,000 lanzknechts that shall come hither. Captain Polyno, captain of the galleys, is arrived at Estaples and gone in post to Court, to order the galleys and ships in Normandy and Britayne to come forth for an exploit in England before the fleet is ready. If there be no peace, all the power of France will by 10 June encamp at Marguyson, or, if the English camp be removed, at Hambletue. Much powder, shot and artillery is come to Estaples for Monstreull.
	The band of light horsemen lately under Sir Ralph Ellerkar will serve no longer here unless express commandment is sent for their service to continue. As such a band is necessary, begs their Lordships to signify their pleasure and appoint the men to the leading of the writer or some other. Bulloigne, 13 May 1546. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add. Endd.
13 May.	820. Edmond Harvel to Henry VIII.
R. O. S. P., xi. 160.	The Duke and Signory sent for him today to participate news from Constantinople, of 13 April, that the Turk would return to Constantinople "by all April" and had commanded the Soltanesse, his wife, to return thither, and all men in his wages to be ready with horses and arms. He has sent into Hungarye 350,000 ducats to pay his soldiers; and the Saniacho of Bossena, who is reputed his best man of war, was ready "with a great band of men to depart, but uncertain for what place." A captain has left Constantinople with one armed galley and six empty to be armed in Barbarye, where the Turk has given the said captain a certain country, who shall be accompanied by 30 fustes, to go roving. Another captain is gone with five galleys for the defence of the Archipelago. In Constantinople 20 new galleys are being made in place of 20 old fustes These things indicate an expedition this year; and as Frenchmen go and come from Constantinople continually, it is to be doubted that the French king is author of it.
	In Piemont the French fortify their towns, having in garrison 1,000 horsemen and 3,000 footmen, but lacking victuals and "in fear of gathering of the corn this summer." The Bishop (fn. n11) and the Duke of Florence have only written to one another amiably; but the Duke's secretary remains prisoner in Rome. It is said that Done Ferrante comes to Milan in the Marquis of Guasto's place and that the Bishop comes to Bononye to speak with the Emperor, who is looked for in Italy "by all the present." Signor Ludovico de Larme left on the 2nd inst. about your affairs in Italy, "looking daily for his return hither." The captain of whom I wrote to Mr. Paget by Francesco, courier, departed on 28 April and should shortly be with your Majesty. Venice, 13 May 1546.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.
13 May.	821. Edmond Harvel to Henry VIII.
R. O.	After closing his other letters rumor has been spread that the French send 200,000 cr. to make 8,000 or 10,000 Italians under the conduct of Count Piero Maria Sansecondo, who arrived here lately ill and unfit for military labours. Also the Frenchmen are too weakly monied to send any great sum, and therefore men conclude these to be vain brags. Venice, 13 May 1546.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
14 May.	822. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A.P.C., 416.	Meeting at Greenwich, 14 May. Present: Chancellor, Privy Seal, Winchester, Gage, Browne, Wingfield. Business:—Thos. Gower, marshal of Berwick, sent for touching matters between him and Lord Evre, charged to attend daily. Gerard Mallet, Roger Hardy, Andrew Turges and John Hanwel, taken in the Salamander of Roan, had passport, having paid their ransom. Letter to Deputy of Calais forwarding petition of Michael Crete for fish and other goods taken by Henry Verneham's ship of Calais. Letter to vice-chancellor of Cambridge signifying despatch to him of Maxewell that took the master of Peterhouse's horse, and that both he and his master had been in the Counter for so acting and not obeying the Lord Chancellor's letter; the Vice-chancellor to see Maxwell make recompense if the horse was injured. The matter between Huick and his wife heard, and she found to have been unjustly accused of being "an ill woman." Letters to Mr. Secretary, at Westminster, of examinations of Latymer and the rest here.
14 May.	823. The Privy Council to Petre.
R. O. St. P., i. 848.	Send herewith Crome's book, both of the articles which he should have set forth at Pols Crosse and of his last submission, signed as required. At its delivery to the King, Petre may declare that yesterday they examined Latymer, as one that counselled Crome touching his last sermon, craftily maintaining his evil doctrine. Latymer answered that he had indeed been in Crome's company since he was at the Lord Chancellor's house, and had said something touching his recanting or not recanting. As he uttered not his mind clearly, they ministered an oath to him and gave him certain interrogatories to answer. After answering two or three he sent word that he could proceed no further without speaking with them, and, as they were busy examining Huick, Lasselles, the vicar of St Brydes and the Scottish friar, the bp. of Durham and Comptroller went to him; but he insisted upon speaking with the Council, so they left all and sent for him. He said that he had been "light to swear to answer the interrogatories before he had considered them," and that charity would that some man had reminded him of it; for to answer them might bring him in danger, and the proceeding therein was more extreme than would be used if he lived under the Turk; it was sore to answer for another man's fact, and he doubted whether it were the King's pleasure that he should be examined, and therefore desired to speak with the King first; he had been deceived that way before, when he left his bishopric, the lord Crumwel persuading him it was the King's pleasure that he should resign, "which his Majesty after denied and pitied his condition"; finally, he thought this procured against him by malice, especially of Winchester, alleging words that passed between them in the King's presence at Westminster, and Winchester's writing to the Lord Crumwell against a sermon of his in the Convocation. (fn. n12) Winchester made him a true and plain answer, declaring how much he had loved and favoured him for his person, although not content with his doctrine; and he was so answered to the whole of his tale that he "could not deny but he ought t'answer th'interrogatories unseen before his oath, neither that he used his language touching his being in Turkye as became him"; and he was shown that to answer the interrogatories could not hurt one who purposed truly (as they were not about doctrine but fact) and that by not believing the Council he did the King an injury. Finally he was persuaded to answer the interrogatories; and has done so, but little to the purpose. Hope to know more tonight, for this afternoon my lord of Worcester and the other doctors talk frankly with him to "fish out the bottom of his stomach, whereby his Majesty at his coming shall see further in him."
	Of Huick they yesterday got long writings but small matter. He trusts them so well that he desires to have two or three gentlemen of the Privy Chamber declare the writings to the King. Hearing at length, this day, the matter between him and his wife, face to face, never heard of "so much cruelty and circumvention as appeared in the man, so little cause ministered by the woman," whom they found of other sort than they expected. Yet he was not afraid to say that the King commanded him to put her out of doors without calling her to an indifferent hearing. Told him that therein he abused the King's clemency, "whose lesson to us all is, as he is a Prince of justice, by him learned of his most noble and prudent father, audi alteram partem."
	Lasselles will not answer that part of his conference with Crome which touches Scripture without the King's command and his protection, saying that it is neither wisdom nor equity to kill himself. Thus the King "must pardon before he know, if Mr. Lasselles may have his will." The vicar of St. Bride's shows himself of the same sort, but not so bold. The Scot is more meet for Dunbar than London, having neither wit nor learning for a preacher, "but is a very ignorant, and hath framed his sayings after his audience; as to be rid he will say now (fn. n13) what you will bid him."
.	Have this day also had the men of Tenterden who affirm "that bill," but the priest is not yet apprehended. This day the lord Chancellor, bp of Winchester and Sir Ant. Browne committed two of the receivers to the Marshalsie for using the King's money to their own purposes. Greenwich, 14 May 1546. Signed by Wriothesley, Norfolk, Russell, Essex, Durham, Winchester, Gage, Browne and Wingfield.
	Pp. 7. Add. Endd.
R. O	2. Original draft of the above. Undated.
	In Wriothesley's hand, pp. 6. Endd.
14 May.	824. The Privy Council to the Vicechancellor of Cambridge.
Lamb's Cambridge, Documents, 73. Cooper's Annals, i. 439.	Despatch to him "this lewd fellow the bearer," (fn. n14) whom, for taking the master of Peterhouse's horse for a purveyor's servant to ride upon and contempt of "me the lord Chancellor," we have punished, together with his master. If the horse is anything the worse he is to recompense the master of Peterhouse by your order. Greenwich, 14 May 1546. Signed by Wriothesley, Norfolk, Russell, Essex, Durham, Winchester, Browne and Wingfield.
Harl. MS. 7,041, f. 72b. B. M.	2. Modern copy of the above letter.
	P. 1.
14 May.	825. Vander Delft to Charles V.
Spanish Calendar, viii.. No. 262.	Since he wrote last on 29 April nothing has happened. All depends on the conference between the English and French, which still continues, although the lord Admiral, hearing that the French galleys had captured two pinnaces and other boats, left it and put to sea. He is said to have fought the galleys and driven them, some to Dunkirk and some into French harbours. Expectations of peace seem to have cooled, although a man from Calais says today that Francisco Bernardi is certain of some arrangement being made. The King is the more disposed to peace from his desire to lead a large force against Scotland. He came to Westminster a few days ago, leaving his Council at Greenwich busy against those suspected of forbidden opinions, which is a sign that the bishops and churchmen are in more favour. A grave old doctor, (fn. n15) much liked by the King, who preached about the Mass in accordance with the new opinions, was rebuked and ordered to retract; and as he has not done this so thoroughly as he ought his life is in peril. The conference with the French has delayed the business entrusted to Vander Burgh. London, 14 May 1546.
14 May.	826. Vander Delft and Vander Burgh to Mary of Hungary.
Spanish Calendar, viii., No. 263.	The Bishop and Dean of London who were appointed to communicate with the writers, instead of Petre and Wotton, have been hitherto detained by other duties. London, 14 May 1546.
14 May.	827. Sir Robert Bowes to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Robert Crouche, a gentleman who is a captain of hagbuttiers on horseback in garrison within these Middle Marches, was, two years past (without occasion, as he says), for his vexation bound, with two sureties, before the justices of King's Bench to keep the peace and to appear at a day prefixed, before which day he was commanded by Edward earl of Harthforthe, then lieutenant in the North, to set forward with an army then passing towards Lethe in Scotland. He went in that journey, as captain of a band of hagbuttiers, and has ever since, by command of the said lieutenant, remained in garrison upon the frontiers, and meanwhile, for default of his appearance, process has been awarded against him and his sureties. He has served very diligently and well; and the writer begs that he and his sureties may have the King's pardon. Anwick, 14 May 1546. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add. Endd.
14 May.	828. The Same to the Council.
R. O.	To the same effect. Anwick, 14 May 1546. Signed.
	Pp. 3. Add. Endd.
14 May.	829. Lisle and Paget to Lord Cobham.
Harl. MS. 283, f. 372. B. M.	Require him to suffer the French (altered from "this") post to depart immediately in the fisher boat that he had before, or any other that seems meet. Guisnes, 14 May 1546. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.: "To suffer the French post to pass to the galleys by sea here from Callais."
14 May.	830. Lisle to Petre.
R. O. St P., xi. 161.	Is glad to perceive by Petre's letters of the 12th that the King saw his letters written from the navy and approved his going to the ships. Mr. Secretary and he are now at Guisnes, whither the Admiral last night sent Monluc; and tomorrow at noon they and the French ambassadors are to meet. Mr. Wotton, although so weak, and the weather so foul, and cold, is determined to go too. In case things do not frame well at this meeting, wishes that the navy were ready to come forth. Would not be long from them. Thinks it requisite that he should have instructions how the army and navy shall be employed, as his commission is general. Sends intelligence received from Rye about the French navy on this side Brittaign, declared to the mayor of Rye by a Fleming whom Lisle sent about that business. Guisnes, 14 May 1546. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add. Endd.
14 May.	831. Paget to Petre.
R. O..	Being advertised by Mr. Kerne (as I have wrote you heretofore) that President Scory said this meeting was but to take us a l'improviso, and they had put their frontiers ready to succour us if invaded, and hearing otherwise that the provision of the Burgundians was for fear of the sequel of this peace between us and France (an ill conscience ever suspecting the worst), I wrote, by my lord Admiral's advice, to Mr. Kerne to thank the President or Skipper for their preparation and warning (copy of the letter herewith). He now writes that he has done so and they have given him as good words again as mine. Though wise men might think President Skoryes talk at the first and Skipperus' message now to be well meant, such fools as I believe them to be but "words sown to keep down our corn and to put bees in our heads." Armies, though they have wings, cannot fly, nor yet come so privily as Skipper says; but I have written the copy of Mr. Kerne's letter to my lord of Hertford this morning; and if we break this afternoon, as I doubt, I would wish the King's force for the seas advanced to the uttermost, for that is the key both for the furniture of our own things and the let of "their" furniture. "O! Mr. Peter, if we had enough of one thing, either the Frenchmen should make such a peace as we would appoint, or else I would wish we should make war with them ever; but seeing we have it not I say no more." Guysnes, 14 May 1546.
	P.S.—I am sure the King by this time sees what friendship to look for in Almayn and will consider that little trust is to be given there, not much to the Emperor and none to any other friend. Our Lord preserve his Majesty! Love to my master, fear of the sequel of this war, desire to satisfy his Majesty, and twenty other passions so tempt me that I am at my wits' end. Herewith a letter from an English servant (fn. n16) of County Rangone, which servant brought letters to the King "at Hampton Court, when the other Italian (fn. n17) came from Loys Gonzaga, and was returned to his master with a letter of thanks only and many other good words."
	Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd.
14 May.	832. Charles V.
R. O.	Commission to his councillors and masters of requests ordinary. Messrs. Philip Nigri, chancellor of his Order of the Thoison d'Or, and Master Hermes de Winghene, LL.D., to examine and copy, with the King of England's commissioners sent hither for that purpose, registers and cartularies affecting merchants and others; and also to agree with the said commissioners touching restitution of ships and goods spoiled. Bynchz, 14 May 1546.
	French. Copy, pp. 2, signed: P. Nigri: Hermes de Winghene. The original is stated to have been signed Despleghem and sealed with a great seal of red wax hanging on a double queue. Endd.. A copie of Chancellor Nigri and Hermes commission.
14 May.	833. Charles V. to Van der Delft.
Spanish Calendar, viii., No. 261.	Received his of 29 April. Sees no indication as yet that the peace negociations will be successful. Expects the King of the Romans. Is here for a few days' rest. Will see to the Diet when the King and the princes come. Strowbynge, 14 May 1546.
14 May.	834. Philip Landgrave of Hesse to Mont.
R. O.	Sends the answer to his communication and begs that the delay may be excused by much business and by his wish first to consult his confederates. Cassell, 14 May '46. Signed: Philips l. z. Hessen m. ss.
	German, p. 1. Add. Endd. by Mont: Responsum Lantgravii ad legationes Christophori Mont una cum translatione ejusdem.
	ii. P.S. to the above on a separate slip.—Because my son in law, Duke Maurice, has published the Duke of Brunswick's submission last autumn, I send you a copy in Latin and beg you to forward it to the King.
	German, p. 1.
	iii. Another P.S. on a separate slip.—Pray let us have a share of your news. We hear that Conrad Pfeinig and the footmen he takes to the King are killed at sea. It is also written to us that the Admiral of France is gone into England to negociate peace. Signed.
	German, p. 1.
.R. O.	2. The Landgrave's answer to the overtures of Chr. Mont, ambassador of the King of England.
	As to the King's thanks for the release of the guns, he is ready to do more than that for the King. Finds his confederates willing for a league concerning the Council and Religion; but a league against France, or with France against England, they will nowise make, nor would it beseem them, who have been mediators between England and France. And as to the league for Council and Religion, the conditions were given to the King's ambassadors at Worms, who may appoint someone to treat with the Confederates at Ratisbon or elsewhere, or else send his mind in writing. Such was the mind of the States last assembled, although not many of them were together.
	As to his saying in conversation to Mont that he would not refuse a present of angelots; if not bound by conditions he would not refuse them; but he cannot well ask for money as pension or fee, because to bring men to the King and engage captains, or keep them from the King's enemies, as France now is, would not become him. The King of France who, at his request, lent money to his kinsman, Duke of Ulrich of Wurtemberg, for the recovery of his duchy, might say that, not content with helping the Emperor against him, the Landgrave was his opponent in a matter which concerned neither Emperor, Germany, nor Empire. And to hinder men's going to France and help them to England were hostility to France, who might, by aiding his German enemies, do him very great injury. The Landgrave would therefore have both England and France his friends and give neither of them cause for enmity; and he wishes to God that they were reconciled, for their enmity delights the Turk and Pope, who foment it and hope thereby to gain their own ends.
	Will follow the King's advice to the Confederates not to be too hasty in releasing the duke of Brunswick, and to keep Mentz and others at least from joining their adversaries. Cassell, 13 May 1546.
	German, p. 7.
R. O.	3. Latin translation of §§ 1 and 2 in Mont's hand.
	Pp. 4.
15 May.	835. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A.P.C., 417.	Meeting at Greenwich, 15 May. Present: Chancellor, Norfolk, Privy Seal, [Winchester, Gage, Browne, Wingfield]. Business:—Lionel Talmache and other justices of peace of Suffolk, announcing the apprehension of John Kirby for evil opinion concerning the Sacrament, were written to, that at Norfolk's coming down order should be taken touching Kirby and his wife, also accused. Thos. Edwardes, yeoman of the Chamber, sent to Haddham, Suff., with letters to Dr. Shaxton to repair hither and other letters to William Morres "for these matters of Crome, etc."
15 May.	836. Bonner and Others to Henry VIII.
R. O.	As commissioners in Essex for the Six Articles, kept sessions at Brentwoode on Friday, 14 May. Certain offenders against the Blessed Sacrament of the Altar whose names and offences are noted in the enclosed paper were found guilty; and this Saturday at 11 o'clock the Commissioners intend to proceed to their final judgment and sentence, but afterwards to command the sheriff to spare their execution until the King's pleasure is further known. Beg him to signify to them, or to the sheriff, whether all the said offenders shall suffer death, and whether such as shall be appointed to suffer shall be executed in one place or in divers places as a warning to the people of the county, more of whom are said to be infected with the said kind of offence, and with other offences against the Six Articles, than has been seen within these three or four years. Earnestly desiring to do our best, we humbly beg pardon if we have "done, committed or neglected anything appertaining to our duties." Brentwoodde, 15 May. Signed: Edmond London: Rychard Ryche: John Smyth: John Pilbarough: Anthony Cooke: E. Sulyard: John Poyntz: John Lucas: Richard Heigham: Will'm Bradbury, jun^r: John Tenderyng, commiss' to the bischope of London: Officialis Archidiaconi Essex'.
	ii. Thomas Nookes.—Is found guilty upon the evidence of three honest witnesses, for saying "That after the words of consecration spoken by the priest there remaineth bread in the Sacrament of the Altar," and "That he which bele[iv]ed that Jesu Cryst[e suffering for us] offered his body for a sacrifice for our salvation receiveth the body of Chryste when he receiveth the Sacrament, and yet he receiveth bread therein; and not so believing he receiveth but bread." In margin: This man is very young, about 20 years, and stood to this opinion at his examination, but at his arraignment denied all his sayings.
	Richard Moore.—Three witnesses. Said "If he swear by the Mass he sweareth by none oath, for God was not in the Sacrament of the Altar." Margin:—"This man is simple and allegeth to learn the same of other, and was very penitent as it seemed."
	John Camper.—Two witnesses, man and wife. Said "The Sacrament of the Altar is no better than a loaf of bread, for how can any man make a 'doome' thing quick," and by the Creed "Chryste sitteth on the right hand of his Father, and thence shall come [to judge the] quick and the dead." Margin: "He little regardeth to die, but yet seemeth to be repentant. He also did mislike auricular confession."
	Joan Bette. — Five women witnesses. Denied that the Sacrament was flesh and blood under form of bread, and said she would not do reverence thereunto as she had done, "for Chryste took the bread and brake it to his disciples, betokening that his body should be broken for us, and so it was but a token; for Christ ascended into heaven and sitteth on the right hand of his Father and is not here now, but shall hereafter come to judge the quick and the dead; and that the Sacrament of the Altar and the [Mas]se was made by the Pope, [for] Chryste never made the Sacrament of t[he] Altar nor the Mass."
	Margin: "This woman was much perplexed to suffer, saying that her flesh would not burn being untruly condemned."
	Thomas Skygges.—Three witnesses. Said "He would not believe that he should receive the Sacrament of the Altar as the very flesh and blood of Chryste in form of bread, but as a memorial; for Christ is in heaven both flesh and blood." Margin: "This man hath been in divers places and hath 'confedered' himself with divers young men, and hath been a common talker of Scripture."
	"Beside the particular considerations above expressed the said offenders did not stand and abide in their opinions, but did declar[e the]mself to believe according to the [tru]e religio[n]." Signed as before.
	Pp. 5. Slightly mutilated. Add. Endd.
15 May.	837. Lisle to Petre.
R. O.	At this our last meeting, as Mr. Secretary devised apart with the President of Rowne, and Mr. Wottune was entertained by the French secretary, the French Admiral and I walked together in the field. He spoke of his great desire to serve my master, and of their army last year upon the sea, ascribing to God that there was no battle, else had been the greatest occision of men that was this many years. I answered that our army was not in number of ships to be compared with theirs, and they had besides an army of galleys sufficient to fight an army of ships, and yet we sought the battle. He said there was no need to speak of the good will of both sides to serve their masters, but God preserved us for a better purpose, and now we were met for an honourable peace. I said that I had less hope of it since our meeting, when I saw their demands so great and their offers so meagre. He said God might work in our masters' hearts, whose affection for each other was such that once friends they would never be foes again; he trusted some day to see the King and declare his desire to serve his Majesty, whose goodly ships were such that our masters could together fight all princes Christian upon the seas. I showed him that the King was better furnished this year, having made 8 or 10 new gallyasses that shot six or eight cannons a-piece, besides sundry light vessels, as swift with oars as their galleys, shooting the demi-culverin in the prow. "He seemed as though he scant heard it, asking me whether I would see Mons. Ganaples hawks fly the myllen." (fn. n18) Having shown us this sport he took leave. He is "a right proper man, and very gentle and well spoken, and very fine in his apparel." Albeit they will not come to our demands, the King may win time to take advantage of his enemy; for even if they granted our highest demand, "I think his Majesty would not willingly receive their money." They seem as unable to pay what they are content to grant as the other; and even if they were able, there will be some naughty money or broken crowns whereby his Majesty may win time as well as though they mounted to the highest prick; "and so, methink, the President of Rouen did almost acknowledge the same to Mr. Secretary." If out of war with the King, they would not be without war with their nearer neighbours half a year together; "which I would rather wish to see, and Da pavem, Domine, in diebus nostris." Scribbled leisureless at Guisnes, 15 May 1546.
	P.S.—Commendations to the lords of the Council and other friends.
	Hol., pp. 4. Add. Endd.
15 May.	838. Lisle to Petre.
R. O.	I cannot cease to write my folly to you; and where in my last I spoke of ill crowns, you are wise enough to take the sense and not the letter, for there is a further meaning than broken money. You know how commodious peace is for us, and will not reckon that I mean my own commodity, being "a poor gentleman made by my master," and ready to spend my heart's blood for him. Though the money is small by comparison, the 500,000 cr. which they desire put to the determination of doctors may be a perfect instrument to the King's purpose, for the choice of the doctors and their determination will occupy much time and be a buckler to refuse the rest if offered at their days. And it will be a busy piece of work to have so much money together even if they might be in continual peace, which seems impossible. "Wropp upp my follys to gythers and kepe theym to your selffe." One thing I forgot to signify was that at our last meeting "Sir William Pagett did fill the President of Roanes ears with alleging and declaring the points of all the treaties since the 18th year of the King's Majesty's reign hither that he set him up without almost any answer. Which did me not a little good." Guisnes, 15 May 1546.
	P.S.—Sir William Paget goes this day to Callys, either "to be let blood or to purge, fearing a fever"; and unless he keep himself very well I fear he will have it.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.
15 May.	839. Lisle to Russell and Browne.
R. O.	One of Sir Ralph Alderkar's near kinsmen, Francis Aslebye, who had charge of all his light horsemen, both when Lisle served at Bulloigne and since, and was trusted in all his business, is one of the overseers of his will, and has a great account to make to his son and heir, desires the King's licence to repair into England. And he desires Lisle, as one who can report his diligence, to write to them to obtain him the King's licence to return home, not having wherewithal to maintain himself (for of his master he had horses and harness and meat and drink free). Divers of the forwardest of the light horsemen are in like case, for when they lost their horses he gave them others. He was liberal to his men, especially to such as would venture their bodies to serve the King. Guisnes, 15 May 1546. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
15 May.	840. Paget to Petre.
R. O. St. P., xi. 163.	Our common letters to the King show where we rest, and if you had not written that you looked to hear from us once again before our breaking we had broken, "the Frenchmen bogged us so often with departing." Pray help us to such answer as shall please God and the King. If the King like not the articles as they are couched, let us know his pleasure for our return. If he like them, let us have a large instruction and commission to alter terms and unimportant matters; and I wish you and my lord of Winchester, as experienced in penning treaties, would pen it. If this treaty follow (which Our Lord grant!) you must instruct us for the time of beginning, the order to be given here, and 20 other matters. It were well to set forth your instructions articulatim. I remember President Scorye telling me at my last being with the Emperor a tale of one condemned to die by a King who had a favourite ass. The man to save his life undertook within a twelve month to make the King's ass speak. "What! it is impossible," said a friend. "Hold thy peace," quoth he, in French (for it was King Loys the XIth), "car ou le Roy morera, ou l'asne morera, ou l'asne parlera, ou je mourera." And so, ere the time of payment come, we may make some new bargain to keep Bulloign, or the French king for lack of payment shall forfeit it, or the French king shall die and his son need not so much desire to recover it, or some other thing may chance.
	Thanks for visiting my wife. I will write as you desire to Damozell. Guysnes, 15 May 1546.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd.
	841. Terms Proposed by the French. (fn. n19)
R. O. St. P., xi. 163.	(1) The King will pay the King of England, for the pensions past recompense of expenses and fortifications about Boulloigne, two millions of gold, payable after eight years, within 15 days after Michaelmas, A.D. 1554, at Calais. (2) Where the King of England claims 512,000 cr. by virtue of a treaty of 1529, the treaty of peace shall provide that within two months after its conclusion two deputies of either side shall examine the matter, and if they find it due the King will pay it together with the two millions, making in all 2½ millions; and if the deputies do not agree, the opinion of four doctors of Padua or some other university not within their Majesties' countries shall be accepted. (3) The King will continue to pay the pension viager and perpetual according to former treaties (provided that the conditions are observed) at the stipulated terms, viz., the first term at 1 Nov. next. (4) The King promises to leave the king of England the peaceable enjoyment for the said eight years of the country of Boullonnoys on this side of the water which goes to Devre, with the fortress and forts made by the English therein. (5) The Scots to be comprehended in the treaty without prejudicing the capitulations which either of the princes claims to have with the said Scots, against whom the king of England shall not make war if they do not give him new occasion. (6) The Emperor shall likewise be named on both sides.
	French, pp. 2. Endd.: Th'articles sent by the Frenchmen. Numbers not in original.
R. O.	2. Another copy.
	Fr., pp. 2. Endd.: A coppie of th'articles in Frenche.
Calig. E. iii., f. 110. B. M.	3. Mutilated draft of § 1 with marginal notes, etc., viz., to the 2nd article, "[Le] Roy saccorde, 512020," and, lower down, "[deux m]illions et demy—[cinqcens do]uze mille vingt"; to the 3rd, "[L]e premier [terme commen] çant dedans ... [après] la confirmation"; to the 4th, "...... a cestuycy ..... a le porte ..... de la mer jusques ... et ..... dung bourde .... [tenus] (fn. n20) a lautre .... hault flux ..... mownt ... le Pont de Bric .... la riviere sera .."; to the 5th, "[Le R]oy saccorda"; and to the 6th, "L'Empereur sera comprinse [s]elon le tenour du [tr]aicte entre le roy et [l]Empereur et leur pais [le] quel treati (sic) le roy de [Fr]aunce a desja confirme [se]mblablement avecq l'Empereur."
	Added in the same hand as the marginal notes:—"Que nul fortification aultre soit [faicte oultre] ce que est desja commence ny d[une part ni de] laultre.
	Md. le value des escues.
	Md. l'article qui est pour leur entre ......"
	French, pp. 3. Endd.: * * treaty uppon * * 1546.
lb. f. 112.	4. An earlier draft of § 3.
	Fr., pp. 2. Mutilated.
15 May.	842. Jerome Zandelin to François Vander Dilft.
R. O.	About 16 months ago, found before the haven of Middelburch the Petit Esmerillon of France taken by the king of England's captain, William Brouck; and, because they had in the Emperor's stream attacked a ship of Siericxzee, the writer detained the persons in her till it should be known if the Emperor would punish them capitally. Is ordered to show the King of England, or Brouck, that he may have the prisoners, in number 14 (for the rest have died in prison and the captain and master are condemned to death) or else they will be banished from the Emperor's country. For further instruction sends copies of a sentence given in this behalf and of the Emperor's missive. Bearer will open some private matters of the writer's wherein he begs favour. Middelburch, 15 May 1546. Signed.
	French. p. 1. Add.: ambassadeur en Angleterre. Endd.: A letter to the Emperor's ambassador.