Henry VIII: June 1544, 1-5 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 19 Part 1, January-July 1544. Originally published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1903.

'Henry VIII: June 1544, 1-5', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 19 Part 1, January-July 1544, (London, 1903) pp. 388-401. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol19/no1/pp388-401 [accessed 25 April 2024]

June 1544, 1-5



[1 June.]	611. Norfolk to Wallop.
Hatfield MS. 231, No. 56. [Cal. of Cecil MSS., Pt. i., 174.]	Master Wallop, the "King's pleasure is that with all possible diligence ye shall advertise me of such conference and communication as ye have had with the two persons mentioned in the King's last letters sent unto you." If you have not yet spoken with the last, send me your discourse after doing so by a trusty servant of your own. "Canterbury, this Whitsunday."
	P.S., in Norfolk's hand: "Ye must advertise me of the last man fro time to time as ye shall know news fro him." Signed.
	P. 1. Flyleaf with address lost. Headed in a later hand: To Sir John Walloppe.
1 June.	612. Hertford and Others to the Council.
Add. MS. 32,655, f. 4. B. M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 252.	Hertford has received their letters of 27 May and appointed a vessel for the transportation of Sir Thomas Holcroft and the others, Holcroft being here waiting for John Rogers and the others. Sent Captain Borthwike up yesterday with 50cr. reward towards his charges. He would have been at Court ere this but tarried for certain necessaries, as signified in Hertford's letters by him. Has eftsoons written to the Wardens of the Marches to get intelligence out of Scotland. The Council's other letters of 28 May, for no assurance to be given to George Douglas, shall be followed; and the 100 horsemen shall be set forward with diligence. As Durham reported at Hertford's return out of Scotland that the bp. of Catnes was to repair to the King, Hertford had already written to Wharton to let him go to Court, and he "passed by" yesterday. The better half of the King's victuals remains unspent by reason of the delay of the ships in arriving at Tynemouth and of the victuals found in the town of Leghe. Hertford has made a view of the remainder and ordered such as is spoilt to be returned to those who provided it and the rest to be transported to Calais and London.
	Shrewsbury is arrived here, ready at the King's command. Dernton, 1 June. Signed by Hertford, Shrewsbury, Tunstall, and Sadler.
	P.S.—Enclose letters to Hertford from Lord Eure received this morning.
	Pp. 3. Add. Endd.:1544.
2 June.	613. Frenchmen in England.
Harl. MS. 442. f. 202. B. M.	Proclamation that all Frenchmen not being denizens shall depart the realm according to a proclamation (fn. n1) in May last, unless, within 6 days from this, they enter their names before the Lord Chancellor to be denizens. Westm., 2 June 36 Hen. VIII.
	Modern copy, pp. 2.
Soc. of An-tiq.,Procl. ii. 136.	2. Another modern copy.
	P. 1.
2 June.	614. Henry VIII. to Lennox and Glencairn.
Add. MS. 32,655, f. 7. B. M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 253.	Understanding by their letters and otherwise their conflict with their adversaries in Scotland, rejoices that it pleased God to give them the overhand, as it advances Henry's affairs there and proves them to be men of courage. Thanks them for their manly onset upon their enemies, and warns them not to be deluded by those of whose fineness they have had such experience. Promises aid as they shall deserve it [altered from "aid both in money and otherwise"].
	Draft, p. 1. Endd.:A mynute of the lettre sente to th'erle of Lynoux, and Glincarn, ij^o Junii 1544.
2 June.	615. Hertford to Henry VIII.
Longleat MS. Hamilton Papers, ii., p. 737.	Sends up Lord Maxwell by Sir Ant. Hungerford, this bearer, who is instructed to suffer Maxwell to speak with no one by the way without his privity. Maxwell required it to be signified that he much desired to accompany Henry into France and serve him there. Answered him that he would percase be content to be taken by Frenchmen, and so work his liberty. He said, no; and that he would lay in his son as hostage. Doubtless Henry considers his plentiful fair words and promises with his facts. Bearer did good service in the late voyage in Scotland.
	Draft. Endd.:My l. lettre to the K's Majestie per Sir Ant. Hungerford, ij^do Junii.
2 June.	616. Adrian de Croy [Count de Roeulx] to Wallop.
R. O.	Some time ago the commander of Loizons who is of the Emperor's country of Beaurains and, as a knight of Jerusalem, had the Emperor's safeguard like others of his Order, on account of their services to him against the Turks and Moors, was, taken prisoner by your King's men, with a chaplain and a farmer (censsier) having all his property in this town. I thereupon wrote to Monsr. Ponin, whose answer (enclosed) I find very strange because I thought that the Emperor's safeguards would be respected by you as we intended to respect those of the King, as I proved by delivering to you the Sieur de St. Martin, his brother and servants together with a fine hackney which he desired to have back. It is not my fault if anything of his is not recovered, for there were men of all sorts there, Italians and Spaniards as well as our nation, especially one named Maraud, a subject of the Emperor, whom I did not apprehend because he said that he was in your service and who fled before I learnt that you had dismissed him. As such little things should not come to the ears of our masters, I beg you to order the commander, &c., to be delivered; for the knights of Jerusalem are much commended to the Emperor by their good service against the Turks and Infidels. St Omer, 2 June. Signed.
	French, pp. 2. Add. Endd.:The Great Mr. of Flaundres to Mr. Wallopp, ij^o Junii 1544.
2 June.	617. Maximilian d'Egmont [Count of Buren] to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Has communicated with Henry's commissaries, and told them that, to advance Henry's service, he had passed the musters of the footmen of which he delivered them the rolls. With the horsemen he hopes that Henry will be well served. Will not fail to be on 20 June at Aire with Henry's men of war. Mallines, 2 June a^o xliiij. Signed.
	French, p. 1. Add.:Au Roy. Sealed. Endd.: Mons. de Buren.
2 June.	618. R. Fane and Richard Wyndebank to the Council.
R. O.	Found at Acon the King's coronell, Chr. van Landenburghe, who took ill that he was there two days before his day and it was three days after before he heard news from the King or Council. Explained how a sudden rain so untempered the ways that their carriage could hardly pass; and so asked him to deliver a book of his men's names and another of the charges of the officers and men of war and to make himself ready to muster. He answered that he would send to the captains to prepare their rolls, and that on the morrow, being Wyttson Sondaye, they would not take their oath, but on Monday, which is this 2nd June, he and his horsemen would be "ready to pass the musters." Demanded a writing of the estate of himself and his high officers. He answered that for himself he would refer that to the King's goodness, but would deliver in writing what his high officers ought to have; which was delivered 1 June and is sent herewith. Will "deliver the said officers prest" until they know the King's pleasure and learn further what they ought to have. He said that 400 horsemen more than he is charged with had followed him, mostly gentlemen and well trained in war; and asked if the King would need them. Answered that they thought his Majesty was furnished with horsemen. He said he would entertain them at his own charge until he knew the King's pleasure. He promises "mountains of gold;" and expert men say that his men "are a strong company and fair as ever subject brought to serve." If all are like those they have seen, the King will be well served. Find the coronell "indifferently reasonable." If advertised that the writers have "favoured him towards" the Council, he may be more tractable in the things they came for, "for he looketh to be fed with sugar though the taste be never the sweeter." He desires speedy answer touching the said 400 horsemen. Acon, 2 June.
	P.S.—Were about to close this when the Coronell required them to advertise the King that he secretly knew, out of High Almain, that there is a great assembly of men and war hourly expected betwixt the duke of Brounswycke and the Launsgrave van Hessen. Signed.
	Pp. 3. Add. Endd.:1544.
2 June.	619. Paget and Wotton to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., ix., 682.	On Wednesday last were sent for by Granvele, to whom they delivered the letters of the King and the Council; and Paget said that, being sent to the Emperor, he was commanded first to declare his mission to Granvele, and obtain advice and help in the matter, which consisted in four points, viz., 1, to visit the Emperor on Henry's behalf, 2, to declare the good success in Scotland, 3, the French king's practice by De Lange, and, 4, Henry's view of the state of their persons and "affairs towards France." In reply Granvele spoke very honorably of Henry, as his master, and said the two first of these points declared Henry's affection to the Emperor, the third showed that he kept his accustomed manner of proceeding with his friend, "honorably, directly and sincerely," and the fourth was a thing he much desired, for both he and the Regent had striven to refrain the Emperor from this journey; and he wished he had known so much a month ago at Chantonney's coming from Henry, whom the Emperor sent, in consideration of Henry's sickness and trouble from his leg, to entreat him to refrain from this voyage as he was before entreated by Don Fernando. After Paget had answered that he knew not what Chantonney did in that behalf, but that the King had considered further the state of the Emperor's and his persons and the best way to execute the enterprise, and trusted that the Emperor would like his device. Granvele bade them to a sumptuous dinner, and, about 3 o'clock, addressed them to the Emperor, by his son, De Chantonney.
	The Emperor, on receiving Henry's letters and recommendation, asked heartily how he did, and likewise the Queen, the Prince and his other children. Paget answered that they all did the better for hearing of the health of the Emperor and his, and that, as an evidence to the world of their friendship, Henry had sent him to declare three things, viz.: First the good success in Scotland, which the Emperor seemed to hear gladly. Secondly, that, doubtless, he had heard from his ambassador in England of a present of wine which the French king had sent Henry; and now he that brought the wine had returned with letters from the French king, which, in respect of the amity, Paget was sent to show, together with the copy of Henry's answer, for although the letters were written in "such a fine French sort" as to imply that more had been done by Henry than was done, the Emperor was "not inexpert of the French practices." Paget then declared De Lange's messages and Henry's answers, and showed the letters. The Emperor laughed heartily at the finesse of the French king's letter. Thirdly, Paget said, that when the Viceroy was with him Henry was determined to go through this voyage into France, but since, having more deeply weighed the state of their persons and affairs, he had devised a better way, with which he trusted the Emperor would agree——. And here, when Paget meant to discourse of the matter, the Emperor cut him off, and began to say he was specially pleased that Henry sent a Councillor to visit him at this time of assembly, that the world might see the love between them, which he trusted would ever continue although some men might seek the contrary; that he rejoiced to hear of the success in Scotland; and that he thanked Henry for dealing so frankly touching De Lange's practique. As for the French king's letter he would have marvelled had it been otherwise, knowing "the French king's finesse and his fashion to charge other men with things which himself deviseth, and to put him at whose hand he should receive a benefit to invent means for the same." As for Henry's answer, a better could not be written, and its conclusion, giving advertisements from Scotland in return for De Moy's nouvelles out of Piedmont, was indeed giving nouvelles; for, although Henry had beaten them so often in Scotland, it was a novelty to spoil and ruinate the principal city of a realm with so many towns and villages and come home so far by land with so little loss. To the third point he answered that he was glad to perceive Henry's courage giving place to prudence, considering his growing in age and being subject to disease. He specially commissioned Don Fernando to dissuade Henry from the journey; and, lately, hearing of the fever and consequent humor in Henry's leg, he sent Chantonney, who reported that he found Henry so determined upon the voyage that he durst not try to dissuade it. Now he is marvellous glad to see Henry so regard the preservation of his person, for the journey could not but be dangerous to him. For himself, he is well and lusty, and ten years younger (fn. n2) than Henry, and, although not free from gout, is not troubled with it till towards winter; and having been so often dared to fight by the French king, and having come out of Spain, through Italy and Almain "to enter into his country before his face, as he did behind my back," has no honorable excuse for tarrying.
	In reply Paget (speech quoted) pointed out the inconvenience that would arise if the Emperor's invasion of France should be checked by his falling sick of gout or other disease, and, in any case, Henry's device (if he would hear it) was more honorable and surer; for, the end of his journey being so far as Paris, he must count upon'lets by the way, tarrying when there, and no more time against winter than to sack or ransom Paris and return. What would men say if they saw the Emperor and the king of England, with such puissant armies, do no more than spoil a town (where indeed they will not find much, for all that is worth carrying will have been carried to Orleans and elsewhere for safety)? What dishonour it would be if no French towns were taken, when the French king keeps some of the Emperor's? Experienced men think that the French king will reply to invasion by attacking either Henry's or (most likely) the Emperor's countries. Henry had therefore devised that, instead of going in person with 42,000, they should send lieutenants with 30,000 or 32,000, who might go straight to Paris, and do their feats more expeditiously. A great prince of our time, to invade his enemy (meaning the Emperor's own journey in Provence), would needs go himself; and his presence proved to be a hindrance, for his army neither went the way they would nor did what they might have done. And it is more convenable for a lieutenant to spoil and waste a country; for whereas this late journey in Scotland is much to Henry's reputation, if he had gone in person, and returned without taking and keeping some strengths, men would have thought he had done little. Henry thought they should send their lieutenants and afterwards come themselves to the frontiers, himself to Calais and the Emperor to Arthoys, with the rest of the 42,000, ready to support the others, defend their own countries and "be doing" with some of the enemy's pieces; and as for the French king's menaces the Emperor was discharged, for last year the French king refused the battle with him.
	Used all the reasons in Henry's instructions and such others as they could devise for the purpose. The Emperor answered that they were wisely conceived; but the going to Paris was not only to pillage and ransom, but rather to draw the people's obedience and support from the enemy, and as for 30,000 or 32,000 going with the lieutenant, unless each army were strong enough to encounter the enemy he would destroy first one and then the other, and then what would the Emperor's countries think of him if, after receiving so much money of them, he lay at home and suffered his men to perish? How could he answer the States of the Empire to whom he had promised to go in person? The French king would have 12,000 or 14,000 Swiss, 7,000 or 8,000 Italians and 3,000 Almains, and of his own adventurers 6,000 or 7,000 good men, in all an army of 30,000 footmen and a great number of horsemen; whereas their armies would be weak in horsemen, many of whom would be required to escort victuals. Most of Henry's army would be of one nation, people of such obedience that any lieutenant could rule them, whereas his (the Emperor's) army contained almost a dozen nations, who hated one another and were so unruly that none but himself could rule them, of which he had experience not long ago.
	Paget replied that he thought the Frenchmen could never levy so great an army or would venture battle, and even if they did so, and defeated the one army, their loss would be so great that they could not resist the other; and as for Englishmen, a great deal fewer than the number he spoke of would "take upon them to go through France," and he saw not why the Emperor's should refuse. Was proceeding thus when the Emperor (perhaps weary of standing, for they had been together an hour and a half) said he would think more of it and was ready to give them leave to depart; so, Paget left that matter and, as instructed by the Council's letters since his arrival here, spoke of the ships and men of war in Denmark. The Emperor thanked him, and said the Danes had indeed 14,000 footmen ready, but he thought they were now dispersed, for a peace was concluded, wherein Henry is provided for and also that they shall not aid the Scots against him.
	Yesterday Granvele sent for them and said that the Emperor's resolution had been put in writing, and he prayed Paget and the rest of the King's Council to support it, for it was prompted by brotherly affection for the King. The effect of it was that he might not tarry at home, for he had promised otherwise to the princes of Germany, and no man could rule his army, being of so many nations, but himself; and he heartily desired Henry not to undertake this long journey nor venture as far as Calais unless he felt disposed. He would send Mons. Courrier or Courtbaron, otherwise called Lescuyer Boton, Henry's old acquaintance, jointly with Paget, to entreat herein; and he was content that Henry should send 30,000 for the enterprise appointed with Donfernando, and the rest of the 42,000 to follow them.
	Although the Emperor has not embraced Henry's overture, they have obtained that Henry's staying at home will be not only with the Emperor's consent but at his special request, and that only 30,000 need be sent and the rest added according to "th'enemy's force, which, for ought that we can learn is like to be great, whatsoever hath been said."
	The Viceroy, with 10,000 footmen and 2,000 horsemen, has besieged Luxemburg since Tuesday last (revictualling had been stopped a sevennight before) and now the town has given hostages to yield if not succoured by Friday next. Barbarossa is departed home, together with Captain Pollino and the prior de Capes, brother to Pierre Strozzi, and six of the French galleys. The Turk is here said to have revoked him because of the loss of a battle against the Sophie; but, in Italy, his landing at Specia, near Lukes, is much feared, where Paget has "heard they should receive Italians to be conveyed into France." Undoubtedly the count of Mirandula had 10,000 Italians for the French party, who took Cassal Maior and an important fortress called St. Damian belonging to the duke of Mantua; and Count Petilyan with the Bishop of Rome's son, the duke of Castro, came down as far as Mantua with 5,000 more for the French party. Now they say that all these 15,000 are dispersed for lack of wages, and that Castro only accompanied Petilyan "because he hath married his sister." Spire, 2 June 1544. Signed.
	Pp. 21. Add. Endd.
3 June.	620. Princess Mary to Lady Hertford.
Hatfield MS. 147, f. 6. [Cal of Cecil MSS., Pt. i., 170.]	Has received her letter and thanks her for the desire she has of her health. "I have byn nothing well as yet these holy dayes; wherfore I praye you holde me excused that I write not this to you with my hand. I have delyvered your lettres unto the Quenes grace, who accepted the same very well. And thus, good Madame, I byd you mooste hertely well to fare. At Saynt James, the iii day of June.
	Your assured frend to my power duryng my lyef
	Marye."
	ii. Katharine Parr to Lady Hertford.
	Written beneath the preceding:—
	"Madam, my lord youre husbandes comyng hyther is not altered, for he schall come home before the Kynges maiestye take hys journey over the sees, as it pleasyth hys maiestye to declare to me of late. You may be ryght asseuryd I wold not have forgotten my promyse to you in a matter of lesse effect than thys, and so I pray you most hartely to thynke. And thus, with my very harty commendations to you I ende, wyshing you so well to fare as I wold myself.
	Your asseuryd frend
	Kateryn the Quene, K.P."
	Endd.: "To my Lady of Hertford.
	Q. Katheryne to the La. Hertford."
	P. 1.
3 June.	621. Wharton to Hertford.
Longleat MS. Hamilton Papers, ii., p. 737.	Received his letters dated Darnton, 1 June, commanding him to revoke all assurances except to such as deliver hostages to serve the King, and to be doing annoyance to the King's enemies, beginning with the laird of Johnston, spying out how the Scots stomach the late proceedings of the King's army there and other intelligence; and that he should appoint a convenient number of horsemen to join the warden of the Middle Marches in burning Jedworthe, to be at Chipchaise on Sunday next, without showing them the cause of their going. Has, thereupon, written into Scotland to revoke all assurances, Robert Maxwell's and others, and appointed this to be proclaimed to-morrow in Carlisle market. Never granted assurances but such as might stand with Hertford's pleasure, whatever informations may have been made therein; and now lets it be known that he will assure no Scottishman without Hertford's command and without taking hostages. Has cause to do his utmost for the annoyance of Johnston and other enemies, for at the burning of Lokertby were slain but two Englishmen, viz., Alex. Apulby, whom he had preferred to the King's service, and Chr. Wharton, one of his household. Others of his servants were hurt and taken; but "that service" was not so hurtful as reported. Serves the King "amongst many disdainful persons." As to appointing horsemen, not 100 good horsemen can be taken in Bewcastle daill, Gillisland, Esk and Levin and the barony of Burghe. Asks whether to try a number out of all who have nags and geldings in the West Marches. Would to God that Hertford knew "the state of all these Marches." Received with Hertford's letters one from the Warden of the Middle Marches desiring some of the best horsemen sent to Chipchaice on Sunday next; and would help him as Hertford shall command.
	There are certain Scottishmen in Anerdaill and elsewhere who received oath to serve the King, as Wharton was commanded, whom he now asks how to use. They are others than the Armstronges, whose pledges remain in Carlisle and cost the writer 8s. a week for board.
	Yesterday learnt from a Scottishman who is "secret with" the laird of Bukcleughe that the Governor, Cardinal and Argille parted last week in displeasure, Argile to his country, the Governor to Haniylton and the Cardinal to St. Androws, intending to go to France shortly. Bukcleughe's new wife (called the lady Creinston, "put to him in marriage by the Cardinal, his other wife being yet on life") hearing these news, called the Governor traitor with many "great words." The man says that Anguys will shortly rule all on this side the Forthe, who on Wednesday passed to Sterling to speak with the Queen, accompanied by Sir George Dowglas and many men of Lowtheane. Bukcleughe said on Whitsun Eve that Tividaill would shortly be put down for ever, for Anguishe would come and burn Jedworthe; and the man says that Bukcleughe would have made suit to Hertford but for fear of Anguishe whom he loves not. It is bruited in Scotland that the Dolphin of France with certain Turks, Danes and others are ready to encounter the Kind's army passing towards France, and that, if Sir John Cambell had not told the French king that the English army could not be ready so soon as they were, the said Frenchmen, Turks and Danes would have been in Scotland when the army was there. Carlisle, 3 June.
	Add. (as despatched at 8 p.m.) Endd.:Rec. 4 June.
3 June.	622. Sir Thomas Palmer and Others to the Council.
R. O.	After certifying, 26 May, their arrival here and Mons. de Bueren's readiness, shown by his letters which they then sent, they prepared towards Boisleduc or Grave to take the musters according to their instructions. Were setting forth hence, on 27 May, when Mons. de Bueren arrived here, to whom they immediately repaired. He complained that, because they kept not the day appointed for the musters, he was fain to muster the footmen himself and let them enter wages, or else they would have gone to the Prince of Orange and other captains. He said he had thus laid out 5,000 fl. of his own and the footmen were within three leagues of this town marching towards Ayre; that the Regent had sent for him and he would that night to her, and return on the morrow, when he would deliver his muster rolls and give knowledge of double pays, &c.; also that, because the Council was so long in resolving about the 500 horsemen, he had much ado to get them. So he departed that night to Bruxelles and returned not till the 29th. Rode out and met him half a league from this town coming in a wagon; but, being weary, he willed them to forbear until the morrow, which they did. Then, when they reminded him how fast time passed and how the King trusted him, he answered that he would keep promise and be ready on the 20th inst. at Ayre; howbeit he had not past 250 horsemen at Grave, of which they should go take the musters while the footmen marched onwards towards Ayre and should be mustered about Tornay or Betune, together with other 300 horsemen, on the 14th or 15th inst. Desired to see by his muster rolls whether the footmen were indeed ready, but he said they were not yet written out and promised them on the morrow. Instead of departing with them towards Grave, he said that his coming from Bruxelles was only licensed by the Regent to keep his promise, and he must return to her the same night. Seeing him thus tract time with only words and promises, they prayed him to deal according to the King's opinion of him, who thought it needless to send commissaries to prick him forward; and thus, "tracting him," now gently and now earnestly, he concluded with them to return to Bruxelles and meet them at Makelyn on Whitsunday, to view the 2,000 footmen appointed to be at the King's "sould" and receive the rolls of the musters taken by him. Repaired accordingly to Makelyn; and, on Monday after Whitsunday, he caused both the footmen at the King's sould and those at the Emperor's to pass before them (to the number of 3,000, reasonably well appointed with handguns, pikes and halberts, most of the pikes "armed and well in order and like good soldiers") and delivered rolls of the musters of them taken by him. He then sent the footmen to Bruxelles, because the Regent would see her band, to march thence through Henault to Ayre. Finding by his muster rolls that 100 and odd soldiers of the King's number were lacking, and seeing not above 3,000 in all, they told him that things were not in such order as they expected, and that unless the King's band were indeed furnished they trusted he would not burden the King with the charges thereof; for they perceived that the two bands were not furnished by above 1,000 men between them. He "began to be moved" and bade them take the musters themselves; which they answered was impossible, as they must to Grave to muster his horsemen and then to Utrecht to Lughtmaker and so back to Tornay or Betune by the 14th or 15th to muster his 300 horsemen and 2,000 footmen; and they blamed him for thus tracting time since their arrival, but "could no better with him" unless they had clearly broken with him, which were not expedient considering the towardness of the King's affairs. So he returned yesterday to Bruxelles, promising to follow them in post to Grave. Had meanwhile sent a post to Lughtmaker, and had answer that on Sunday next he would be at Utrecht with 500 or 600 horsemen. Have appointed to muster De Bueren's horsemen at Grave on Thursday next and send them towards Ayre, and thence to go to Utrecht and so to Tornay or Betune. Lughtmaker writes of 600 horsemen, whereas our instructions speak but of 450; but, seeing the King willed De Bueren to furnish 300 or 400 more, which he is not able to do, "we intend, if we find them in good order, to entertain them with the rest." De Bueren has already had of them 10,000fl. De Bueren's footmen entered wages the 24 May and his horsemen at Grave 28 May, but those who shall come to Tornay shall not enter until their arrival there. De Bueren says that the Regent has not yet resolved where the 2,000 horsemen at the Emperor's sould shall join him; and she seems to have appointed for the same certain noblemen's bands of these Low Countries who repine to serve under him. How Mr. Vane and Mr. Wynebanke have sped with Landenbergh they cannot certify. Occurrents here are none, but De Bueren says that Luxenburgh "is rendered to th' Emperor." Andwarpe, 3 June 1544. Signed: Thomas Palmer: Edward Vaughan: T. Chamberlen.
	In Chamberlain's hand, pp. 7. Add. Endd.
3 June.	623. Landenberg to Henry VIII.
R. O.	In pursuance of his commission to gather horse and foot for the King's service he picked them out of the best soldiers in Germany. Their conduct money to the place of muster, and the certainty of that place and time, was (by his despatch) to be given him at Strasburg between 31 March and 4 April; but the Kings commissaries reached Spires late, and matters were protracted until all the Emperor's captains were despatched. Was not despatched until Easter, but kept his promise to be at Acon on 24 May; and yet the King's commissaries arrived there 29 May. The business of mustering and paying the soldiers was at once begun and he delivered a form of the entertainment required by the officers to be sent in the commissaries' letters to the King. Begs him to consider it. Has his full number of 1,000 horse and 4,000 foot, and an additional number of horse which he hopes the King will accept; for, last summer, when appointed by the Emperor to 600 horse he brought 1,000 and they were all accepted. Has dealt with the commissaries upon many matters, as they will report. When assembled with other nations they must have (to use German words) ein teuthschen Veldmarschalchk, ain obristen teutschen Quartiermaister unnd ain obristen teutschen Rumormaister. The soldiers assembled to serve with him desire good pay and have prayed him to write this; for among them are many who have been chief captains with the Emperor and other princes and are come with him now without any office. Acon, 3 June 1544. Signed: C. V. Landenberg.
	Lat., pp. 3. Add. Endd.
3 June.	624. Paget to Petre.
R. O. St. P., ix. 694.	Begs him to devise means, either by himself, my lord Chancellor or Mr. Deny, to get for Mr. Wootton some of Mr. Layton's promotions, if he die, "as I think he be already dead or will shortly die." Wootton is an honest man and serves at a charge far above his diets. Written, "going to my wagon," at Spyres, 3 June 4 a.m. 1544.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: One of the "two principal secretaries." Sealed. (fn. n3) Endd.
3 June.	625. Charles V. to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., ix. 694.	Has received his letters and message by his first secretary, Mr. William Paget, and thanks him for sending a personage of such quality, and for the news of his prosperity in Scotland, and preparations and advice concerning the army. Paget will report the Emperor's answer, who also writes to the Queen dowager of Hungary to send a personage express "pour la bonne resolution de la charge de votredit secretaire." Spire, 3June 1544. Signed: Charles. Countersigned: Bave.
	French. Broadsheet, p. 1. Add. Endd.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 117.]	2. Original minute of the above.
	Fr. Modern transcript from Vienna, p. 1.
3 June.	626. Charles V. to Chapuys.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 118.]	Has received his letters of the 17th and 18th ult. and seen those to Granvelle of the 22nd. On the 26th arrived here the premier secretary of England who next day declared his charge, viz., the four points contained in Chapuys's letters. The last, touching the King's coming in person in the army, was the principal, to which the Emperor answered and caused Granvelle to answer as in the writing herewith. The Secretary, and also the ambassador here resident, when it was read to them seemed to accept the reasons for the Emperor's going in person; and they also approved the Emperor's deliberation to send some good personage from Flanders to persuade the King to the contents of the said writing, but fearing their master's displeasure, they did not wish it to be known that this was their knowledge and advice. Writes, accordingly, to the Queen his sister to send to England, with the said Secretary, either the Sieur de Corrieres or the Sieur de Corbaron. As to the King's army for the common enterprise against France the Secretary's chief aim seemed to be that the Emperor should be satisfied that the King sent only 30,000 men, leaving him the choice of sending the rest to some other enterprise on the other side, either with his person or by some other; and he let it be understood that the men above the 30,000 could not be so soon ready, but that all diligence would be made to hasten them and that the 30,000 could march within eight or ten days from this. He was answered as will be seen by the writing. The Queen's envoy and Chapuys should let the above be known in England in such a way that it may not be thought that the Emperor takes it as fulfilment of the treaty with Don Fernande de Gonzaga. Spiere, 3 June, 1544.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original minute at Vienna, pp 2.
R. O	2. Resolution taken upon the charge of Sir Wm. Paget, chief secretary of the King of England, touching the going in person of the Emperor and the King in their armies against France.
	Showing at length in twenty-three articles that the Emperor is well aware of the importance of the King's presence; yet, considering the danger to his health, would, when Don Fernando went into England, have prayed him to abstain from going in person; but, seeing the King so set upon it, Don Fernando refrained. Upon the subsequent illness of the King, the Emperor sent the Sieur de Chantonnay, jointly with the ambassador, to dissuade him, but they found him utterly determined. Now, seeing the danger, the Emperor cannot do less than affectionately remind him how important his health is both to his own kingdom and to all Christendom in its present turbulent state. As to the remonstrance that he himself should likewise abstain from going in person, the Emperor takes it as friendly meant, but he cannot so well excuse himself upon the score of age and gout, and all the world knows he has come from Spain to succour his countries here. It knows, too, the insolent language the French king has used, as if the Emperor was afraid (and that even after the said King's flight from Chasteau en Cambresis, (fn. n4) of which Henry will have heard), and his boast that he has gone where he liked in the Emperor's patrimony of Luxembourg and Hainault without the Emperor's coming to meet him. Besides, the Emperor is pledged to the States of the Empire to go in person; and, being as it were at the door of France (his horses and tents are already about Metz), it would be shameful for him to turn away. Also his army is composed of men of different nations, and experience shows that his presence is necessary for the discipline of it. With regard to diminishing the armies of invasion, by retaining certain men of war with their two Majesties; the French forces, foreign and native, are very numerous, and if the French king saw that the armies were not strong he might overwhelm each in turn. Besides, he has been long expecting the two armies, and has wasted the country and garrisoned the fortresses, so that a large force must be occupied against these garrisons and in carrying victuals. As to saying that the enterprise of Paris is not important enough to need the presence of their Majesties; the resolution to go to Paris was taken, not alone with a view to occupying it, but of thereby depriving the French king of his resources and compelling him to submit to reason. The Emperor reminds Henry again of the imprudence of going in person. If he thought there would be a battle, would give up as useless the attempt to dissuade him, but the French king showed last year "qu'il n'en vouloit plus menger." Suggests that the King might go to Calais and direct his army from thence.
	Upon the communication that in case the King did not go in person, 30,000 men ready to march would suffice now, and the rest advised by Don Fernando to remain with the King or the person he should send to Calais; the Emperor says that although it is necessary that the two armies should invade in force, and according to the capitulation made with Don Fernando de Gonzaga (and already the Emperor has his ready to march), yet, rather than delay, the 30,000 who are ready should march and the remainder should be hurried forward.
	French, pp. 6. Endd.:Mons. De Courryer's instruccion sent from the Emperor.
R. O.	June 1544, 1-5. Modern transcript from the original draft of § 2 at Vienna.
	Fr., pp. 7.
3 June.	627. Fernando Gonzaga, Viceroy of Sicily, to Henry VIII.
R. O	Thanks for his letter. Assures him that the Emperor's service and his are held as one by the writer. The Sieur de Chantonnay writes that Henry has laughingly complained that the writer has not sent the model bridges (les modelz des ponts). In passing Brussels told the Queen of Henry's desire for them and she undertook to send them; otherwise he would not have failed to keep his promise. Begs pardon in consideration of the good exploit done here, of which he will hear from the Emperor's ambassador, to whom the writer sends copy of a capitulation between the French king's lieutenant in the town of Luxembourg and himself, upon the restitution of the said town. Congratulates him upon the good works done by his men in Scotland. These are good beginnings. From the Emperor's camp, 3 June 1544. Signed.
	French. Slightly injured by damp, pp. 2. Add.:"Au Roy." Endd.
4 June.	628. Petre to Hertford.
Longleat MS. Hamilton Papers, ii., p. 740.	Encloses letters from the King to Lynoux and Glyncarne (with thanks for their giving the onset to the Governor, and admonitions) which are to be forwarded by Wharton. St. James's, 4 June.
	Hol. Add. Endd.:Rec. vj^to Junii.
4 June.	629. Chester Cathedral.
Harl. MS. 2,015. B. M.	Statutes of Chester Cathedral given by Henry VIII., 4 June 36 Hen. VIII.
	Lat. Copy, pp. 26.
4 June.	630. Vaughan to Wriothesley, Suffolk and Browne.
R. O.	This day we have a resolute answer of our broker (fn. n5) that he will deliver the King, within these 10 or 12 days, 100,000 cr., "for the interest of 14 in the 100 for the year," to be repaid next Cold Mart, which will be 10 or 12 Feb. next. He cannot promise that the merchants will spare the payments longer, but has no doubt that he can obtain longer day for the same interest. Also he will deliver by 12 July another 100,000 cr. or ducats, but cannot promise that the interest will be then at the same rate as now, albeit he will travail for the Kings profit. He seems desirous to serve, "and the rather because he hath a suit in England for certain herring that were taken there as Frenchmen's goods." His delay in answering has been to get sureties; for merchants here will have none but "men known and abled upon their burse here," and will not meddle with the Staplers or Merchants Adventurers. They will have the house of Vivalde to credit this first payment and the house of Bonvyse the next; and the broker advises to work leisurely, and not to open the matter too much and so raise the interest. You must send for the ruler of the house of Vivalde in London and obtain from him a letter of credence hither for 100,000 or 200,000 ducats. Better it is to have a letter of credence for the first payment only (for if the merchants find that you seek more no money will be had here at 16 per cent) and so to begin with Vivalde for only 100,000 ducats to be repaid next Cold Mart. After the first letter it will be easier to work, but secrecy must be observed and answer sent within eight days, or the merchants will tarry no longer. The broker, "which can hardly hear himself so called," is a man worth 30,000 or 40,000 ducats; and if the King were to write him two or three words he would "work with a galloping pace." His brokerage for small matters is ¼ per cent, and for these great matters ½ per cent., although he says that he will serve the King for nothing. Begs answer with speed. Andwerp, Wednesday, 4 June.
	Bearer, Mr. Dymock, can tell more.
	Hol., pp. 4. Add. To, etc., "or any one of them." Sealed. Endd.: 1544.
4 June.	631. Charles V. to the Lord of Castiglione.
R. O.	Thanks for his affection to the Emperor's affairs, as reported in letters of the Marques del Gasto, governor of Milan, the Emperor's captain general. Spires, 4 June 1544. Signed: Carolus. Countersigned: Idiaques.
	Spanish. Copy (with signatures imitated), p. 1. Add.: Illustri nostro et sacri Imperii fideli, dilecto Aloysio ex marchionibus Gonzage domino Castiglionis.
5 June.	632. The War.
Add. MS. 11,320, f. 89. B. M.	Norfolk's warrant to Sir John Harington, vice-treasurer of the King's army in France, to pay Richemont herald his conduct money from London to Dover, 60 miles at 4d., and Rouchdragon pursuivant the same at 2d., their three servants at ½d. a piece and coats for the three servants at 4s. each. Lambethe, 5 June 36 Hen. VIII.
	Later copy, p. 1.
Add MS. 27,632, f. 3. B. M.	2. Norfolk's warrant to Sir John Harrington, treasurer of the vanguard of the army royal into France, to pay bearer for wages of 50 soldiers "advanced over the sea" by John Digbye, for 15 days, from the 3rd to the 17th inst., viz. 48 at 6d. and 2 horsemen at 9d, Lambethe, 5 June 36 Hen. VIII. Signed.
	ii. Receipt, 6 June, by George Smalley, subscribed.
	P. 1.
Add. MS. 5,753, f. 39. B. M.	3. The like for 30 soldiers "advanced" by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, for 15 days, from 8 to 22 June, at 6d. Lambehith, 5 June 36 Hen. VII. Signed.
	ii. Receipt by Humph. Perkyns, 6 June, subscribed.
	P. 1.
Ib. 68.	4. The like for 6 soldiers "advanced" by Giles Foster. Lambehith, 5 June. Signed.
	ii. Receipt, 6 June, by John Peyrt.
	P. 1.
Ib. 84.	5. The like for 4 footmen, advanced by John Lucas. Lambehith, 5 June 36 Hen. VIII. Signed.
	ii. Receipt, same day. Signed: Charles Newcomen.
	P. 1.
Ib. 138.	6. The like for 10 footmen advanced by Thomas Verney. Lambehith, 5 June 36 Hen. VIII. Signed.
	ii. Receipt, 6 June. Signed: Peter Fenton.
	P. 1.
Ib. 139.	7. The like for 4 soldiers advanced by Thos. Wavton. Lambehith 5 June 36 Hen. VIII. Signed.
	ii. Receipt, 6 June. Signed by Thos, Nycholles (with a mark).
	P. 1.
5 June.	633. William Layton to Paget.
R. O.	The Regent's officers in charge of the wagons call three or four times daily to know "when they shall be set on work." Since 20 May the poor men have been forced to keep themselves and their horses, and not suffered to occupy them to their profit. Begs an answer for them; and that a commissioner may be sent with money to defray their charges and advance part of their wages.
	Lutzsingburgh shall this day be rendered to the Viceroy or else the French king's succours foughten with, according to last week's composition for its surrender by the 6th inst., which provided that the garrison should depart with harness and two ensigns, leaving the other two ensigns and the artillery and munitions. Hourly the post is "looked for here to advertise the Regent th'end hereof."
	Fears his brother cannot last six days. Bruxells, 5 June 1544. Signed.
	P 1. Add. Endd.