Lists of appointments

Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 6, Colonial Office Officials 1794-1870. Originally published by University of London, London, 1976.

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'Lists of appointments', in Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 6, Colonial Office Officials 1794-1870, ed. J C Sainty( London, 1976), British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/office-holders/vol6/pp8-32 [accessed 2 December 2024].

'Lists of appointments', in Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 6, Colonial Office Officials 1794-1870. Edited by J C Sainty( London, 1976), British History Online, accessed December 2, 2024, https://www.british-history.ac.uk/office-holders/vol6/pp8-32.

"Lists of appointments". Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 6, Colonial Office Officials 1794-1870. Ed. J C Sainty(London, 1976), , British History Online. Web. 2 December 2024. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/office-holders/vol6/pp8-32.

In this section

Secretary of State 1794-1870

The Secretary of State entered office on receiving the seals from the Sovereign and took the oath at a meeting of the Privy Council, usually held on the same day. (fn. 1) His authority lasted until he handed the seals back to the Sovereign. Originally appointments were formally embodied in letters patent under the great seal granting the office during pleasure. This practice was abandoned after the appointment of Carnarvon in 1866. (fn. 2)

In 1795 the salary attached to the office was fixed at £6000. (fn. 3) Dundas, its first holder, declined to take more than £2000 as he already enjoyed a salary of £4000 as Treasurer of the Navy. On ceasing to hold the latter office in 1800 he drew £4000 as Secretary of State, a course followed by his successor, Hobart, between 1801 and 1804. (fn. 4) After 1804 all Secretaries of State drew the full amount of £6000. In 1831 the salary was reduced to £5000. (fn. 5)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
1794 11 July Dundas, H.
1801 17 March Hobart, Lord
1804 14 May Camden, Earl
1805 10 July Castlereagh, Viscount
1806 5 Feb. Windham, W.
1807 25 March Castlereagh, Viscount
1809 1 Nov. Liverpool, Earl of
1812 11 June Bathurst, Earl
1827 30 April Goderich, Viscount
1827 3 Sept. Huskisson, W.
1828 30 May Murray, Sir G.
1830 22 Nov. Goderich, Viscount
1833 3 April Smith Stanley, Hon. E. G.
1834 5 June Spring Rice, T.
1834 17 Nov. Wellington, Duke of
1834 20 Dec. Aberdeen, Earl of
1835 18 April Grant, C.
1839 19 Feb. Normanby, Marquess of
1839 2 Sept. Russell, Lord J.
1841 3 Sept. Stanley, Lord
1845 23 Dec. Gladstone, W. E.
1846 6 July Grey, Earl
1852 27 Feb. Pakington, Sir J. S.
1852 28 Dec. Newcastle, Duke of
1854 12 June Grey, Sir G.
1855 8 Feb. Herbert, Hon. S.
1855 1 May Russell, Lord J.
1855 21 July Molesworth, Sir W.
1855 21 Nov. Labouchere, H.
1858 26 Feb. Stanley, Lord
1858 5 June Bulwer Lytton, Sir E. G. E. L.
1859 18 June Newcastle, Duke of
1864 7 April Cardwell, E.
1866 6 July Carnarvon, Earl of
1867 8 March Buckingham, Duke of
1868 9 Dec. Granville, Earl
1870 6 July Kimberley, Earl of

On the formation of the department in 1794 provision was made for one Under Secretary. (fn. 6) In 1806 a second under secretaryship was established with particular responsibility for war but was discontinued in 1816. (fn. 7) Both these offices were 'nonpermanent' in character and were usually held by members of the House of Commons. In 1825 the office of second Under Secretary was revived on a permanent, nonparliamentary, basis. (fn. 8) For a brief period in 1827-8 there was a third, unsalaried, Under Secretary. (fn. 9) In 1831 the distinction between the Permanent and Parliamentary Under Secretaries, which in fact dated from 1825, was accorded official recognition. (fn. 10)

The salary attached to the office in 1794 was £1500. In 1799 it was raised to £2000 with provision for an increase to £2500 after three years' service. In 1817 the period of service required to qualify for the increase was extended to seven years for future occupants of the office. (fn. 11) In 1822 the salary was fixed at £2000 without any increase for length of service. In 1831 the salary of the Permanent Under Secretary was fixed at £2000; that of the Parliamentary Under Secretary at £1500. (fn. 12)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
UNDER SECRETARY (LATER PARLIAMENTARY UNDER SECRETARY) 1794-1870
1794 11 July Nepean, E. (fn. 13)
1795 1 March Huskisson, W.
1801 18 May Sullivan, J.
1804 15 May Cooke, E. (fn. 13)
1806 16 Feb. Shee, Sir G. (fn. 13)
1807 25 March Cooke, E. (fn. 13)
1809 2 Nov. Jenkinson, Hon. C. C. C.
1810 10 June Peel, R.
1812 20 Aug. Goulburn, H.
1821 12 Dec. Wilmot, R. J.
1827 15 Oct. Smith Stanley, Hon. E. G. (fn. 14)
1828 6 Feb. Leveson Gower, Lord F.
1828 31 May Twiss, H.
1830 22 Nov. Howick, Viscount
1833 3 April Shaw Lefevre, J. G. (fn. 13)
1834 29 Aug. Grey, Sir G.
1835 2 Jan. Stuart Wortley, Hon. J.
1835 26 Jan. Gladstone, W. E.
1835 18 April Grey, Sir G.
1839 23 Feb. Labouchere, H.
1839 2 Sept. Smith, R. V.
1841 3 Sept. Hope, G. W.
1846 8 Jan. Lyttelton, Lord (fn. 15)
1846 6 July Hawes, B.
1851 1 Nov. Peel, F.
1852 27 Feb. Desart, Earl of (fn. 15)
1852 29 Dec. Peel, F.
1855 5 April Ball, J.
1857 22 May Fortescue, C. S.
1858 27 Feb. Carnarvon, Earl of (fn. 15)
1859 18 June Fortescue, C. S.
1865 25 Nov. Forster, W. E.
1866 6 July Adderley, C.B.
1868 10 Dec. Monsell, W.
UNDER SECRETARY (WAR) 1806-16
1806 27 Nov. Cockburn, Sir J. (fn. 16)
1807 25 March Stewart, Hon. C. W.
1809 1 May Robinson, Hon. F. J.
1809 2 Nov. Bunbury, H. E. (fn. 16)
PERMANENT UNDER SECRETARY 1825-70
1825 6 July Hay, R. W.
1836 4 Feb. Stephen, J.
1848 3 May Merivale, H.
1860 3 May Rogers, Sir F.

Assistant Under Secretaries 1834-70

In 1834 provision was made for the Secretary of State to designate one of the officials of the department to serve as Assistant Under Secretary without additional salary. The Counsel, James Stephen, was thereupon appointed to the post. After his promotion to the office of Permanent Under Secretary in 1836 the office remained unfilled. (fn. 17) In 1846 provision was made for an Assistant Under Secretary with a salary of £1000, half of which was to be borne by the Colonial Land and Emigration Board of which he was to be a Commissioner. This arrangement lapsed in the following year when Rogers, the individual in question, was confined solely to the work of an Emigration Commissioner. (fn. 18)

In November 1847 Merivale was appointed an Assistant Under Secretary with a salary of £1500 but this was a temporary measure pending the completion of the arrangements for Stephen's retirement as Permanent Under Secretary. The appointment ceased when Merivale succeeded Stephen in the following year. (fn. 19) Also in November 1847 an office of Assistant Under Secretary was established on a permanent basis with a salary of £1500. (fn. 20)

In 1854 an additional Assistant Under Secretary was appointed, also with a salary of £1500, to deal with the additional business caused by the outbreak of the Crimean War. (fn. 21) This office ceased when Mundy, the individual in question, was transferred to the newly created department of Secretary of State for War later in the same year. In 1870 permanent provision was made for two Assistant Under Secretaries in the Colonial Office, each with a salary of £1200, one of whom was to be a barrister of at least five years' standing. (fn. 22)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
1834 17 Sept. Stephen, J.
1846 19 May Rogers, F.
1847 3 Nov. Merivale, H.
1847 20 Nov. Elliot, T. F.
1854 15 March Mundy, G. C.
1868 3 Dec. Sandford, Sir F. R.
1870 1 Feb. Herbert, R. G. W.
1870 1 April Holland, H. T.

Chief Clerks 1794-1870

On the formation of the department a Chief Clerk was appointed with a salary of £1000. In 1801 provision was made for the salary to be increased to £1250 after five years' service. In 1822 it was fixed at £1000 rising by annual increments of £50 to £1250. (fn. 23) The office was abolished in 1833 but revived in 1840. In 1870 it was provided that one of the Senior Clerks should have the title of Chief Clerk together with an additional allowance of £50 rising by annual increments of £50 to £250. (fn. 24)

Between 1801 and 1806 there was an additional Chief Clerk for war business but this office was not an established one, its occupant receiving his salary of £1000 from the contingent fund. (fn. 25)

LISTS OF APPOINTMENTS
CHIEF CLERK
1794 11 July Huskisson, W.
1795 1 March Chapman, J.
1824 5 April Gordon, A.
1840 1 Jan. Wilder, G. L.
1843 1 July Smith, P.
1860 1 Jan. Gairdner, G.
1870 1 July Barrow, Sir G.
CHIEF CLERK (WAR)
1801 12 Aug. Penn, G.

Clerks 1794-1822

On the formation of the department provision was made for five Clerks apart from the Chief Clerk. The number was increased to seven in 1801, to eight in 1805, to eleven in 1806 and to twelve in 1807. (fn. 26) After being reduced to eight in 1816 it was increased to nine in 1819. In 1822 these nine Clerks were distributed amongst the newly created grades of Senior, Assistant and Junior Clerk. (fn. 27)

The salaries of the five Clerks were originally fixed at £650, £450, £300, £200 and £150. The seven Clerks subsequently added to the establishment received salaries of £140, £130, £120, £110, £100, £80 and £80 respectively. (fn. 28) In 1809 provision was made for the salary of each Clerk to be increased according to length of service, the amounts being £80 after five years, £200 after ten years, £300 after fifteen years and £400 after twenty years. (fn. 29)

LISTS OF APPOINTMENTS
1794 11 July Chapman, J.
1794 11 July Gordon, A.
1794 11 July Budge, W.
1794 11 July Colquhoun, F.
1794 10 Nov. Manningham, H.
1795 1 March Benn, A.
1798 10 Oct. Chapman, E. F.
1801 20 Feb. Stuart, H.
1801 23 Sept. Plasket, R.
1801 27 Nov. Penn, R.
1802 5 March Forbes, J.
1804 5 Jan. Wilder, G. L.
1805 5 Jan. Barnard, E.
1805 10 April Strachan, J.
1806 1 Sept. Shee, C.
1806 1 Sept. Cutler, H.
1806 1 Sept. Amyot, T.
1807 14 Sept. Marsh, J. M.
1808 22 Jan. Bankhead, W. R.
1809 31 March Short, H. T.
1810 23 Jan. Baillie, G.
1812 3 Aug. St. John, R. W.
1819 5 July Smith, P.
1819 1 Aug. Baillie, T.

Extra Clerks 1798-1816

Extra Clerks were employed in the department at most times during the period covered by these lists. Broadly speaking they may be divided into two categories: temporary Extra Clerks who were engaged as and when required mainly to undertake copying and similar tasks and permanent Extra Clerks who were drawn increasingly into the substantial work of the department. Only the latter are included in these lists. They were employed from 1798 and were paid at varying rates out of the contingent fund. In 1816, when they numbered five, the permanent Extra Clerks were discharged. (fn. 30)

No further permanent Extra Clerks were employed until 1828 when the practice of appointing such Clerks as Supernumeraries to the ordinary establishment began. (fn. 31)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
1798 26 Feb. Wulbier, W. R.
1798 5 March Kelsey, F.
1798 11 March Plasket, R.
1801 1 Oct. Wilder, G. L.
1810 5 July Mesban, W. S.
1810 20 Aug. Smith, P.
1810 17 Dec. Mayer, G. C.
1814 11 April Phillips, E. F.

Senior Clerks 1822-70

The grade of Senior, or First Class, Clerk was created in 1822 when provision was made for three such Clerks. The number was raised to four in 1824. In February 1825 a fifth Senior Clerk was appointed but this post was abolished in August of the same year. In addition G. L. Wilder was appointed a supernumerary Senior Clerk in 1822. Wilder, who was appointed Registrar in 1824, was in 1825 accorded the special position of second Clerk on the establishment 'acting as Registrar' and a rank at the head of the senior grade. (fn. 32)

In 1833 Wilder was fully absorbed into the senior grade whose membership was then fixed at five. One of the clerkships was left vacant between 1836 and 1839 while a temporary appointment of sixth Senior Clerk, held by the Précis Writer, existed between 1846 and 1847. The number of Senior Clerks was reduced to four in 1867 while in 1870 it was provided that there should be five such Clerks, one of whom should be selected to fill the post of Chief Clerk. (fn. 33)

In 1822 the first of the Senior Clerks was accorded a salary of £700 rising by annual increments of £20 to £900 while the remainder were granted salaries of £600 rising by annual increments of £20 to £800. In 1833 a scale of £600 rising by annual increments of £25 to £1000 was provided for the whole grade. In 1857 the starting level was raised to £700. In 1870 it was provided that the Clerk selected to serve as Chief Clerk should receive an additional allowance of £50 rising by annual increments of £50 to £250. (fn. 34)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
1822 28 March Gordon, A.
1822 28 March Penn, R.
1822 28 March Forbes, J.
1822 28 March Wilder, G. L. (fn. 35)
1824 5 Jan. Short, H. T.
1824 5 Jan. Baillie, G.
1824 5 Jan. Smith, P.
1824 5 Jan. Villiers, G. H.
1825 5 Jan. Taylor, H.
1833 31 March Wilder, G. L.
1833 31 March Elliot, T. F.
1837 30 April Gairdner, G.
1839 6 Feb. Blunt, S. J.
1840 28 Jan. Harrison, E. T.
1840 30 Aug. Blackwood, A. J.
1843 1 July Barrow, G.
1846 31 March Murdoch, T. W. C.
1854 1 April Talbot, C.
1860 1 Jan. Cox, C.
1867 20 May Dealtry, W.
1870 1 July Robinson, W.

Assistant Clerks 1822-70

The grade of Assistant, or Second Class, Clerk was created in 1822 when provision was made for two such Clerks together with two supernumeraries. In 1824 the number was fixed at four with no supernumeraries. It was raised to five in 1825, to seven in 1857 and to eight in 1870. (fn. 36)

The salary scale attached to the grade in 1822 was £350 rising by annual increments of £15 to £545. In 1857 the upper limit was raised to £600. (fn. 37)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
1822 28 March Barnard, E.
1822 28 March Short, H. T.
1822 28 March Baillie, G. (fn. 38)
1822 28 March Smith, P. (fn. 38)
1822 10 Oct. Baillie, G.
1822 10 Oct. Baillie, T. (fn. 38)
1824 1 Feb. Taylor, H.
1824 3 Feb. Hay, T.
1824 5 Feb. Blunt, S. J.
1824 20 March Chapman, W. G.
1825 5 Jan. Gairdner, G.
1825 5 July Harrison, E. T.
1826 5 July Drummond, H.
1829 28 Jan. Blackwood, A. J.
1836 20 Jan. Barrow, G.
1836 20 Jan. Murdoch, T. W. C. (fn. 39)
1839 28 Aug. Unwin, W.
1840 28 Jan. Munday, F. C.
1840 30 Aug. Kelsey, H. S.
1843 1 July Talbot, C.
1846 31 March Jadis, V.
1847 30 Dec. Cox, C.
1854 1 April Dealtry, W.
1857 31 March Higgins, W. F.
1857 31 March Halksworth, W.
1858 1 Nov. Joseph, S.
1859 24 Oct. Norris, H. C.
1860 1 Jan. Sargeaunt, W. C.
1862 20 March Robinson, W.
1863 23 April Irving, H. T.
1866 5 July Birch, A. N.
1866 5 July Ebden, R. P.
1867 21 Jan. Hales, J.
1867 20 May Pennell, E. B.
1870 1 July Macdonald, R. J. S.
1870 1 July Woods, W. W.

Junior Clerks 1822-70

The grade of Junior, or Third Class, Clerk was created in 1822 when provision was made for three such Clerks. However, until 1824 there was only one Junior Clerk since the two others in the grade were serving as supernumerary Assistant Clerks. In 1824 the number of Junior Clerks was fixed at four. It was raised to five in 1825 and to six in 1833. It was reduced to five in 1846 but increased to six in 1860 and to thirteen in 1870. (fn. 40)

The salary scale attached to the grade in 1822 was £150 rising by annual increments of £10 to £300. The starting level was raised to £160 in 1857 but reduced to £100 in 1870. (fn. 41)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
1822 28 March Baillie, T.
1822 10 Oct. Villiers, G. H.
1824 21 March Gairdner, G.
1824 22 March Harrison, E. T.
1824 5 April Drummond, H.
1824 5 April Blackwood, A. J.
1825 5 Jan. Stopford, Hon. R.
1825 5 July Elliot, T. F.
1825 5 July Barrow, G.
1826 5 July Unwin, W.
1827 5 July Munday, F. C.
1828 9 June Kelsey, H. S.
1828 25 Aug. Talbot, C.
1829 28 Jan. Jadis, V.
1833 9 Dec. Munday, F. C. (fn. 42)
1836 20 Jan. Walker, J.
1836 20 Jan. Martin, J. S.
1839 28 Aug. Murdoch, T. W. C. (fn. 43)
1839 21 Oct. Cox, C.
1840 28 Jan. Wilder, E.
1840 30 Aug. Dealtry, W.
1843 1 July Higgins, W. F.
1844 19 April Pennington, E.
1846 31 March Halksworth, W.
1848 24 March Joseph, S.
1854 1 April Norris, H. C.
1856 28 March Allen, J. H.
1857 31 March Lewis, W. J.
1857 31 March Locock, F.
1858 13 April Sargeaunt, W. C.
1858 14 June Robinson, W.
1858 1 Nov. Irving, H. T.
1859 24 Oct. Birch, A. N.
1860 1 Jan. Hall, R. C.
1860 1 July Ebden, R. P.
1862 20 March Hales, J.
1863 23 April Pennell, E. B.
1864 2 May Macdonald, R. J. S.
1864 21 Oct. Hemming, A. W. L.
1866 1 Oct. Wedgewood, E. H.
1866 1 Oct. Irving, E. A.
1867 20 May de Robeck, G. W. B.
1867 1 Oct. Fuller, F. W.
1869 20 Nov. Blake, E. E.
1870 31 March Baillie Hamilton, W. A.
1870 31 March Fairfield, E. D.
1870 31 March Pearson, A. A.
1870 31 March Fanshawe, C. H.
1870 31 March Round, F. R.
1870 30 May Graham, F.

Assistant Junior Clerks 1825-70

The grade of Assistant Junior, or Fourth Class, Clerk was created in 1825 when provision was made for three such Clerks with salaries of £100 rising by annual increments of £10 to £150. The number was increased to eight in 1848, reduced to five in 1857 and increased to seven in 1860. The grade was abolished in 1870. (fn. 44)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
1825 5 July Unwin, W.
1825 5 July Munday, F. C.
1825 5 July Kelsey, H. S.
1826 5 July Talbot, C.
1827 6 Aug. Jadis, V.
1828 9 June Walker, J.
1828 25 Aug. Murdoch, T. W. C.
1829 5 April Martin, J. S.
1836 20 Jan. Cox, C.
1837 26 Jan. Walpole, J.
1837 30 April Drummond Hay, E. H.
1838 1 April Wilder, E.
1838 1 July Fraser, P.
1838 30 Sept. Dealtry, W.
1839 30 Nov. Higgins, W. F.
1839 30 Nov. Money, C. F. S.
1840 30 Jan. Pennington, E.
1840 29 Aug. Halksworth, W.
1843 1 July Allen, J. H.
1844 19 April Norris, H. C.
1844 29 July Binney, J. T.
1846 31 March Joseph, S.
1848 24 March Legh, R. C.
1848 24 March Brooke, A.
1848 31 March Greene, H. A.
1848 17 Oct. Stephen, W. R.
1849 8 Feb. Sargeaunt, W. C.
1849 28 March Thelwall, W. B.
1851 15 Dec. Lewis, W. J.
1852 23 Dec. Thelluson, S.
1853 14 April Locock, F.
1854 30 Nov. Robinson, W.
1854 4 Dec. Irving, H. T.
1854 15 Dec. Bidwell, H. W.
1855 3 Feb. Birch, A. N.
1856 29 May Hall, R. C.
1858 18 Jan. Ebden, R. P.
1858 20 Sept. Hales, J.
1859 9 April Pennell, E. B.
1859 1 July Macdonald, R. J. S.
1860 21 Jan. Hemming, A. W. L.
1860 1 April Wedgewood, E. H.
1860 1 Aug. Irving, E. A.
1860 23 Aug. de Robeck, G. W. B.
1862 28 April Fuller, F. W.
1863 4 July Blake, E. E.
1864 2 May Baillie Hamilton, W. A.
1866 29 Oct. Fairfield, E. D.
1866 4 Dec. Arkwright, C. L.
1867 2 July Pearson, A. A.
1867 20 Dec. Fanshawe, C. H.
1869 19 Feb. Round, F. R.

Supernumerary Clerks 1828-49

In 1828 the department began to employ permanent Extra Clerks, paid out of the contingent fund, who, after a probationary period of twelve months, were eligible to be placed on the establishment at the next vacancy. (fn. 45) Originally known simply as Extra Clerks they came in the course of time to be designated 'Supernumerary Extra Clerks' or 'Probationary Clerks'. (fn. 46) For the sake of consistency they have been described as Supernumerary Clerks throughout these lists.

The number of Supernumerary Clerks was not fixed. There were usually five in employment at any one time. They received salaries of £100. (fn. 47) Between 1830 and 1832 the two most junior served without remuneration. (fn. 48) In 1848-9 the Supernumerary Clerks were absorbed into the grade of Assistant Junior Clerk. (fn. 49)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
1828 28 March Martin, J. S.
1828 6 Sept. Stewart, A.
1828 12 Sept. Lamb, E.
1828 10 Oct. Green, W. E.
1828 10 Oct. Armstrong, G.
1829 5 April Cox, C.
1830 9 March Walpole, J.
1831 14 Dec. Manning, H. E.
1832 8 Feb. Drummond Hay, E. H.
1832 2 Aug. Vansittart, G. N.
1832 2 Aug. Wilder, E.
1835 3 Aug. Spedding, J. (fn. 50)
1835 31 Dec. Fraser, P.
1837 28 Jan. Rivett Carnac, J.
1837 30 April Dealtry, W.
1838 1 April Money, C. F. S.
1838 7 May Pennington, E.
1838 1 Aug. Higgins, W. F.
1838 17 Aug. Stephen, H. V.
1840 31 Jan. Howard, Lord E. G.
1840 4 June Halksworth, W.
1840 9 June Allen, J. H.
1841 27 April Norris, H. C.
1841 27 April Binney, J. T.
1842 10 Jan. Liddell, H.
1843 1 July Stopford, Hon. E. S.
1843 1 July Joseph, S.
1844 20 April Legh, R. C.
1844 29 July Brooke, A.
1845 12 Dec. Greene, H. A.
1847 6 Jan. Arnold, J.
1847 17 Oct. Stephen, W. R.
1848 8 Feb. Sargeaunt, W. C.
1848 24 March Thelwall, W. B.

Précis Writer 1799-1870

This office was created in 1799 with a salary of £300 but discontinued in 1816. It was revived in 1825 with a salary of £300 rising by annual increments of £15 to £500 but abolished in 1833. (fn. 51) In 1843 the duties of Précis Writer were assigned to Murdoch, a Clerk on the establishment. (fn. 52) In 1847 the post was revived as a distinct office with a salary of £1000. It was finally abolished in 1870. (fn. 53)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
1799 10 Oct. Wilder, J.
1825 5 July Winslow, E.
1827 5 July Elliot, T. F.
1843 1 July Murdoch, T. W. C.
1847 20 Nov. Strachey, W.

Librarian 1807-70 and Assistant Librarian 1824-70

The office of Librarian was created in 1807. It was originally held by a Clerk on the establishment who received an additional allowance of £200 out of the contingent fund. In 1814 the post was conferred upon an Extra Clerk with the same allowance which was increased to £280 in 1819 and to £400 in 1821. (fn. 54) In 1822 the office was placed on the establishment with a salary of £350 rising by annual increments of £15 to £545. In 1824 this was increased to £600 rising by annual increments of £20 to £800. (fn. 55) The office was abolished in 1870. (fn. 56)

The office of Assistant Librarian was created in 1824 with a salary of £200 rising by annual increments of £10 to £400. It was abolished in 1870. (fn. 57)

LISTS OF APPOINTMENTS
LIBRARIAN
1807 15 March Penn, R.
1814 5 Jan. Mayer, G. C.
1859 24 Oct. Halksworth, W.
ASSISTANT LIBRARIAN
1824 5 Jan. Patterson, L. H.
1856 31 March Miller, J. T.
1859 28 Jan. Woods, W. W.

Translator 1814-19

This office was created in 1814 and discontinued in 1819. It did not form part of the establishment, its holder being paid out of the contingent fund. The salary, originally £200, was increased to £280 in January 1819. (fn. 58)

APPOINTMENT
1814 5 Jan. Smith, P.

Registrar 1824-70 and Assistant Registrar 1825-33

In 1824 provision was made for a Registrar with a salary of £400 rising by annual increments of £15 to £545. The office was in fact filled by G. L. Wilder, a supernumerary Senior Clerk who was in 1825 accorded the special position of second Clerk on the establishment 'acting as Registrar'. (fn. 59) In 1833 Wilder was fully absorbed into the senior grade and the position of Registrar ceased to exist as a separate office. (fn. 60) The office was revived in 1848 with a salary of £300. It was finally abolished in 1870. (fn. 61)

The office of Assistant Registrar was created in 1825 with a salary of £150 rising by annual increments of £10 to £300. It was abolished in 1833. (fn. 62)

LISTS OF APPOINTMENTS
REGISTRAR
1824 5 Jan. Wilder, G. L.
1848 15 April Miller, J. T.
1852 31 Dec. Nunes, W. A.
ASSISTANT REGISTRAR
1825 5 July Matheson, W.
1828 9 June Munday, F. C.

Superintendent of Copyists 1835-52

Between 1835 and 1852 an annual allowance was made available out of the contingent fund for a Superintendent of Copyists. Beginning at £150, this allowance was increased to £200 in 1838 and to £230 in 1845. The post ceased to have a separate existence in 1852 when its holder was appointed to the office of Registrar. (fn. 63)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
1835 31 Dec. Miller, J.
1840 1 April Nunes, W. A.

Clerk of Parliamentary Papers 1852-70

In 1852 an annual allowance of £300 was made available out of the contingent fund for a Clerk of Parliamentary Papers. In 1856 the duties of the post were assigned to a Clerk on the establishment. The annual allowance was reduced to £200 at the same time. (fn. 64)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
1852 31 Dec. Miller, J. T.
1856 31 March Lewis, W. J.
1858 2 Aug. Joseph, S.

Accountant 1868-70

This office was created in 1868 with a salary of £600 rising by annual increments of £20 to £700. (fn. 65)

APPOINTMENT
1868 March Lewes, J. S.

Private Secretaries to Secretary of State1794-1870

On the formation of the department an annual allowance of £300 was made available for a Private Secretary to the Secretary of State. (fn. 66) When Clerks on the establishment occupied this post they received this allowance in addition to their ordinary remuneration. The payment of the allowance was suspended in the case of a Private Secretary with a seat in the House of Commons.

The office of Assistant Private Secretary to the Secretary of State originated in 1867. In 1870 an annual allowance of £150 was made available for its holder. (fn. 67)

Dundas 1794-1801 1794 11 July Garthshore, W.
1797 5 July Budge, W.
Colquhoun, F.
Mitchelson, A. H.
1799 5 July Budge, W.
Stuart, H.
Colquhoun, J.
Hobart 1801-4 1801 17 March Adderley, R. B.
1801 18 Sept. Penn, G.
1802 19 Jan. Eden, Hon. W.
Camden 1804-5 1804 15 May Watson, G. T.
Castlereagh 1805-6 1805 10 July Wood, R. R.
Windham 1806-7 1806 5 Feb. Amyot, T.
Castlereagh 1807-9 1807 25 March Wood, R. R.
Liverpool 1809-12 1809 1 Nov. Willimot, R.
Bathurst 1812-27 1812 11 June Greville, C. C. F.
1821 14 June Percy, Hon. C.
1826 5 Jan. Greville, H.
Goderich 1827 1827 1 May Balfour, B. T.
Huskisson 1827-8 1827 4 Sept. Leeves, E.
Murray 1828-30 1828 21 June Wedderburn, A.
Goderich 1830-3 1830 23 Nov. Balfour, B. T.
1833 8 Feb. Douglas, Sir C. E.
Smith Stanley 1833-4 1833 4 April Earle, R.
Spring Rice 1834 1834 6 June Earle, R.
Wellington 1834 No appointment traced
Aberdeen 1834-5 1834 20 Dec. Martin, J. S.
Grant/Glenelg 1835-9 1835 18 April Martin, J. S.
1835 25 July Grant, W. T.
Normanby 1839 1839 19 Feb. Yorke, P. J.
Russell 1839-41 1839 2 Sept. Russell, Lord E.
1840 17 April Howard, Lord E. G.
Stanley 1841-5 1841 3 Sept. Bootle Wilbraham, Hon. E.
Gladstone 1845-6 1845 23 Dec. Northcote, H. S.
Grey 1846-52 1846 6 July Grey, Hon. H. C.
Pakington 1852 1852 27 Feb. Pakington, J. S.
Newcastle 1852-4 1852 28 Dec. Higgins, W. F.
1853 17 Jan. Roberts, H.
Grey 1854-5 1854 20 June Hobart, Lord
Herbert 1855 1855 8 Feb. Higgins, W. F.
Russell 1855 1855 1 May Boileau, J. E.
Molesworth 1855 1855 21 July Houlton, V.
1855 30 Sept. Pauncefoot, J.
Labouchere 1855-8 1855 22 Nov. Higgins, W. F.
1855 31 Dec. Sandon, Viscount
1856 25 May Irving, H. T.
1856 2 June Grey, Hon. H. C.
Stanley 1858 1858 26 Feb. Higgins, W. F.
Bulwer Lytton 1858-9 1858 5 June Higgins, W. F.
1858 1 Nov. Wolff, H. D.
Newcastle 1859-64 1859 18 June Birch, A. N.
1859 30 June Engleheart, J. G. D.
Cardwell 1864-6 1864 7 April Robinson, W.
1864 7 June Parker, C. S.
Carnarvon 1866-7 1866 6 July Graham, C. C.
1867 17 Jan. Macdonald, R. J. S. (Assistant)
Buckingham 1867-8 1867 March Bryant, H. S.
1867 8 March Macdonald, R. J. S. (Assistant)
Granville 1868-70 1868 9 Dec. Meade, Hon. R. H.
1868 Dec. Wedgewood, E. H. (Assistant)
Kimberley 1870 1870 6 July Wodehouse, E. R.
1870 July Wedgewood, E. H. (Assistant)

Private Secretaries to Under Secretaries 1825-70

In 1825 the two Under Secretaries were authorized to appoint Private Secretaries, selected from the Clerks on the establishment, with additional allowances of £150 each. (fn. 68)

LISTS OF APPOINTMENTS
PRIVATE SECRETARY TO PERMANENT UNDER SECRETARY
Hay 1825-36 1825 6 July Barrow, G.
1836 20 Jan. Martin, J. S.
Stephen 1836-48 1836 4 Feb. Martin, J. S.
1839 1 July vacant
1841 1 July Halksworth, W.
1847 31 March Joseph, S.
Merivale 1848-60 1848 3 May Joseph, S.
1858 2 Aug. Robinson, W.
Rogers 1860 1860 3 May Robinson, W.
1862 March Irving, H. T.
1863 April Hall, R. C.
1864 Oct. Ebden, R. P.
1866 1 Oct. Pennell, E. B.
1867 20 May Hemming, A. W. L.
PRIVATE SECRETARY TO PARLIAMENTARY UNDER SECRETARY
Wilmot Horton 1821-8 1825 5 July Munday, F. C.
Smith Stanley 1827-8 1828 5 Jan. Munday, F. C.
Leveson Gower 1828 1828 6 Feb. Munday, F. C.
1828 5 April Stopford, Hon. R.
Twiss 1828-30 1828 31 May Stopford, Hon. R.
1828 25 Aug. Talbot, C.
Howick 1830-3 1830 22 Nov. Talbot, C.
Shaw Lefevre 1833-4 1833 3 April Talbot, C.
Grey 1834 1834 29 Aug. Talbot, C.
Stuart Wortley 1835 No appointment traced
Gladstone 1835 1835 26 Jan. Talbot, C.
Grey 1835-9 1835 18 April Talbot, C.
Labouchere 1839 1839 23 Feb. Talbot, C.
Smith 1839-41 1839 2 Sept. Talbot, C.
Hope 1841-6 1841 3 Sept. Talbot, C.
1843 1 July Cox, C.
Lyttelton 1846 1846 8 Jan. Cox, C.
Hawes 1846-51 1846 6 July Cox, C.
1847 31 Dec. Higgins, W. F.
Peel 1851-2 1851 1 Nov. Higgins, W. F.
Desart 1852 1852 27 Feb. Higgins, W. F.
Peel 1852-5 1852 29 Dec. Higgins, W. F.
Ball 1855-7 1855 5 April Higgins, W. F.
Fortescue 1857-8 1857 22 May Higgins, W. F.
Carnarvon 1858-9 1858 Feb. Norris, H. C.
Fortescue 1859-65 1859 18 June Norris, H. C.
1859 24 Oct. Birch, A. N.
1864 16 Feb. de Robeck, G. W. B.
Forster 1865-6 1865 25 Nov. Pennell, E. B.
Adderley 1866-8 1866 6 July Pennell, E. B.
1866 Oct. de Robeck, G. W. B.
Monsell 1868 1868 9 Dec. de Robeck, G. W. B.

Office Keepers 1794-1870

On the formation of the department provision was made for two Office Keepers, each with salaries of £100. In 1851 the salary of the senior Office Keeper was raised to £200 while that of the junior was fixed at £150 rising by annual increments of £10 to £200. (fn. 69)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
1794 11 July Scott, J. G.
1795 5 April Lewis, W.
1800 May Sibson, T.
1802 10 Oct. Camis, T.
1810 22 May Smith, J. C.
1814 13 Oct. Allsop, T.
1814 2 Nov. Littlewood, J.
1816 22 Aug. Harris, J.
1818 26 Nov. Draffen, J.
1819 7 April Dodsworth, T.
1833 30 Sept. Cumberland, T.
1839 5 Feb. Harris, D.
1841 20 May Hale, S.
1849 2 Sept. Pepperell, J.
1851 8 July Powell, R.
1865 Burridge, W.
1867 18 Feb. Mennell, J.

Housekeeper 1794-1846

On the formation of the department provision was made for a Housekeeper with a salary of £100. The office was discontinued in 1846. (fn. 70)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
1794 11 July Caldwell, M.
1841 19 June Ackland, S.

Office Porters 1795-1870

Two Office Porters, paid out of the contingent fund, were appointed in 1795. In 1825 they were placed on the establishment with salaries of £136 17s 6d each. These salaries were reduced to £120 in 1851. (fn. 71)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
1795 17 April Smith, J. C.
1795 10 Oct. Stewart, J.
1801 1 Jan. Le Sage, A.
1810 22 May Allsop, T.
1814 13 Oct. Littlewood, J.
1814 3 Nov. Robinson, T.
1819 19 Oct. Gray, J.
1820 6 April Graves, G.
1823 20 Jan. Harris, D.
1829 5 Jan. Peake, G.
1837 29 Jan. Samways, J.
1838 6 March Pepperell, J.
1839 5 Feb. Powell, R.
1849 2 Sept. Morris, J.
1851 8 July Ekins, W.
1856 30 Sept. Dennett, J.
1863 Pepperell, T.
1864 Burridge, W.
1865 Mennell, J.
1865 Robinson, P.
1867 18 Feb. Gower, J.
1868 14 Feb. Baker, W.

Counsel 1801-36

This post, which had previously been attached to the Home Office, was placed under the authority of the department on the transfer of responsibility for colonial affairs in 1801. (fn. 72) It ceased to exist as a separate office in 1836 when Stephen, its then holder, was appointed Permanent Under Secretary. (fn. 73)

Originally the Counsel did not form part of the ordinary establishment of the office but was employed on a part time basis, receiving from the Treasury Solicitor a fee of three guineas for each report that he made. In 1823 it was provided that his remuneration should be made up to £1000 a year from this source. (fn. 74) In February 1825 the office was incorporated into the establishment with a salary of £1500. In July of the same year the Counsel was given the additional post of Law Clerk to the Board of Trade and it was, in consequence, provided that a third of his salary should be borne by that department. (fn. 75)

LIST OF APPOINTMENTS
1801 12 Aug. Baldwin, W.
1813 Stephen, J.

Legal Adviser 1867-70

This office was created in 1867 with a salary of £1200. It was abolished in 1870 when its holder was transferred to the post of Assistant Under Secretary. (fn. 76)

APPOINTMENT
1867 8 Jan. Holland, H. T.

Footnotes

  • 1. In the cases of Dundas (1794), Liverpool (1809) and Russell (1839), where the Secretary of State was transferred from another department of state, no fresh oath was taken.
  • 2. For the discontinuance of the letters patent, see CO 878/4 no. 21A.
  • 3. Order in council 27 Feb. 1795 (CO 878/1 ff. 3-13).
  • 4. CO 701/8, generally, and payment 13 Dec. 1806 to Viscount Melville.
  • 5. TM 15 April 1831 (HC 375 p. 2 (1830-1) vii, 494).
  • 6. CO 701/8, payment to Nepean 13 Dec. 1806; order in council 27 Feb. 1795 (CO 878/1 ff. 3-13).
  • 7. Order in council 3 Dec. 1806 (CO 878/1 f. 40); CO 701/8-9.
  • 8. Order in council 5 July 1825 (CO 878/1 ff. 93-4).
  • 9. CO 324/146 pp. 172-3; CO 701/10.
  • 10. TM 15 April 1831 (HC 375 p. 2 (1830-1) vii, 494). See also D. J. Heasman, 'The Emergence and Evolution of the Office of Parliamentary Secretary', Parliamentary Affairs, xxiii (1969-70), 345-65.
  • 11. CO 701/8, payment to Nepean 13 Dec. 1806; orders in council 27 Feb. 1795, 24 July 1817 (CO 878/1 ff. 3-13; PC 2/199 pp. 578-9).
  • 12. Order in council 28 March 1822 (CO 878/1 ff. 52-72); TM 15 April 1831 (HC 375 p. 2 (1830-1) vii, 494).
  • 13. Not an M.P. while Under Secretary.
  • 14. Served as additional Parliamentary Under Secretary without salary 15 Oct. 1827-5 Feb. 1828.
  • 15. Member of the House of Lords.
  • 16. Not an M.P. while Under Secretary.
  • 17. Order in council 17 Sept. 1834 (CO 878/1 ff. 107-10); CO 537/22 ff. 30-3; CO 324/107 pp. 261-4.
  • 18. Order in council 19 May 1846 (CO 878/1 ff. 133-40); CO 324/148 pp. 336-42.
  • 19. Rept. of Select Committee on Miscellaneous Expenditure (HC 543 pt. i, pp. 157-8 (1847-8) xviii, pt. i, 221-2).
  • 20. CO 878/2 no. 40; order in council 15 April 1848 (CO 878/1 ff. 141-7).
  • 21. Order in council 29 March 1854 (CO 878/1 ff. 150-1).
  • 22. Order in council 31 March 1870 (ibid. ff. 162-5).
  • 23. CO 701/1 f. 1; orders in council 27 Feb. 1795, 18 Feb. 1801, 28 March 1822 (CO 878/1 ff. 3-13, 24, 52-72).
  • 24. Orders in council 3 April 1833, 29 Jan. 1840, 31 March 1870 (CO 878/1 ff. 99-100, 121-9, 162-5).
  • 25. CO 701/1 ff. 29, 119.
  • 26. CO 701/1 f. 1; orders in council 27 Feb. 1795, 12 Dec. 1801, 11 Jan. 1805, 8 Oct. 1806, 18 Dec. 1807 (CO 878/1 ff. 3-13, 28, 34, 38, 42).
  • 27. Order of Earl Bathurst (CO 878/1 ff. 50-1); CO 701/8-9; order in council 28 March 1822 (CO 878/1 ff. 52-72).
  • 28. CO 701/1 f. 1; order in council 27 Feb. 1795 (CO 878/1 ff. 3-13); CO 701/8.
  • 29. Order in council 28 June 1809 (CO 878/1 ff. 44-5). By orders in council 20 Jan. 1804 and 7 March 1814 Gordon and Penn were granted additional allowances of £250 and £200 a year respectively (ibid. ff. 31, 48).
  • 30. CO 701/1 ff. 9, 10, 12; order of Earl Bathurst 8 Feb. 1816 (CO 878/1 ff. 50-1).
  • 31. See Supernumerary Clerks, p. 19.
  • 32. Orders in council 28 March 1822, 19 March 1824, 2 Feb. and 2 Aug. 1825 (CO 878/1 ff. 52-72, 83-4, 87-8, 95-7); CO 701/9-10.
  • 33. Orders in council 3 April 1833, 19 May 1846, 2 Feb. 1867, 31 March 1870 (CO 878/1 ff. 99-100, 133-40, 159-61, 162-5); CO 701/10-12.
  • 34. Orders in council 28 March 1822, 3 April 1833, 25 June 1857, 31 March 1870 (CO 878/1 ff. 52-72, 99-100, 152-4, 162-5).
  • 35. Supernumerary Senior Clerk 1822-4, Second Clerk acting as Registrar 1824-33, appointed ordinary Senior Clerk 1833. For his salary, see p. 22.
  • 36. Orders in council 28 March 1822, 19 March 1824, 2 Aug. 1825, 25 June 1857, 31 March 1870 (CO 878/1 ff. 52-72, 83-4, 95-7, 152-4, 162-5).
  • 37. Orders in council 28 March 1822, 25 June 1857 (ibid. ff. 52-72, 152-4).
  • 38. Supernumerary.
  • 39. Acting Senior Clerk.
  • 40. Orders in council 28 March 1822, 19 March 1824, 2 Aug. 1825, 9 Dec. 1833, 19 May 1846, 26 Oct. 1860, 31 March 1870 (CO 878/1 ff. 52-72, 83-4, 95-7, 105-6, 133-40, 156-8, 162-5).
  • 41. Orders in council 28 March 1822, 25 June 1857, 31 March 1870 (ibid. ff. 52-72, 152-4, 162-5).
  • 42. Reappointed.
  • 43. Acting Senior Clerk.
  • 44. Orders in council 2 Aug. 1825, 15 April 1848, 25 June 1857, 26 Oct. 1860, 31 March 1870 (CO 878/1 ff. 95-7, 141-7, 152-4, 156-8, 162-5).
  • 45. CO 324/146 pp. 191, 203; CO 701/2 f. 152.
  • 46. Ibid.; CO 878/2; CO 324/149 pp. 49-50; CO 701/3 ff. 210-11.
  • 47. CO 701/2 f. 152; CO 701/4.
  • 48. CO 324/146 pp. 251-2, 340; CO 324/147 pp. 6, 38-41.
  • 49. Order in council 15 April 1848 (CO 878/1 ff. 141-7); CO 701/4.
  • 50. Spedding's position differed from that of the other Supernumerary Clerks. His salary was £150, not £100, and he apparently had no expectation of being placed on the establishment.
  • 51. Order in council 4 Dec. 1799 (CO 878/1 f. 20); order of Earl Bathurst 8 Feb. 1816 (ibid. ff. 50-1); orders in council 2 Aug. 1825, 3 April 1833 (ibid. ff. 95-7, 99-100).
  • 52. CO 878/2 no. 17.
  • 53. Ibid. no. 40; orders in council 15 April 1848, 31 March 1870 (CO 878/1 ff. 141-7, 162-5).
  • 54. CO 701/1 f. 63; CO 701/2 ff. 5, 8, 59, 80.
  • 55. Orders in council 28 March 1822, 19 March 1824 (CO 878/2 ff. 52-72, 83-4). Mayer was granted an additional allowance of £100 out of the contingent fund in 1846 (CO 324/148 pp. 306-8).
  • 56. Order in council 31 March 1870 (CO 878/1 ff. 162-5).
  • 57. Orders in council 19 March 1824, 31 March 1870 (ibid. ff. 83-4, 162-5).
  • 58. CO 701/2 ff. 8, 48, 59.
  • 59. Orders in council 19 March 1824, 2 Feb. 1825 (CO 878/1 ff. 83-4, 87-8).
  • 60. Order in council 3 April 1833 (ibid. ff. 99-100). Wilder was accorded an additional allowance of £100 so long as he remained a Senior Clerk in recognition of his position as Registrar (ibid.).
  • 61. Orders in council 15 April 1848, 31 March 1870 (ibid. ff. 141-7, 162-5).
  • 62. Orders in council 2 Aug. 1825, 9 Dec. 1833 (ibid. ff. 95-7, 105-6).
  • 63. CO 701/3 ff. 59, 107; CO 701/4.
  • 64. CO 701/4.
  • 65. COL (1869), 258; order in council 31 March 1870 (CO 878/1 ff. 162-5).
  • 66. CO 701/1 f. 1; order in council 27 Feb. 1795 (CO 878/1 ff. 3-13).
  • 67. Order in council 31 March 1870 (CO 878/1 ff. 162-5).
  • 68. Order in council 2 Aug. 1825 (CO 878/1 ff. 95-7).
  • 69. CO 701/1 f. 1; orders in council 27 Feb. 1795, 14 April 1851 (CO 878/1 ff. 3-13, 148-9).
  • 70. CO 701/1 f. 1; order in council 27 Feb. 1795 (CO 878/1 ff. 3-13); CO 701/12.
  • 71. CO 701/1 ff. 1, 3; orders in council 2 Aug. 1825, 14 April 1851 (CO 878/1 ff. 95-7, 148-9).
  • 72. For the earlier history of this office, see Officials of the Boards of Trade 1660-1870, comp. J. C. Sainty (London 1974), 36-7; Home Office Officials 1782-1870, comp. J. C. Sainty (London 1975), 39. See also D. B. Swinfen, Imperial Control of Colonial Legislation 1813-1865 (Oxford 1970).
  • 73. CO 324/147 pp. 261-4. Stephen undertook the work of reporting on colonial laws until 1846 when it was given to Rogers as Assistant Under Secretary and member of the Colonial Land and Emigration Board. It remained one of Rogers's responsibilities after his appointment as Permanent Under Secretary in 1860 until 1867 when it was entrusted to the Legal Adviser (B. A. Knox, 'The Provision of Legal Advice, and Colonial Office Reorganization, 1866-7', Bull. Inst. Hist. Research, xxxv (1962), 181-95).
  • 74. AO 3/1103-1104; Young, Colonial Office, 58-61; CO 324/145 pp. 132-3.
  • 75. Orders in council 2 Feb. and 2 Aug. 1825 (CO 878/1 ff. 91, 95-7); Officials of the Boards of Trade, 55.
  • 76. Orders in council 2 Feb. 1867, 31 March 1870 (CO 878/1 ff. 159-61, 162-5).