James I: December 1607

Calendar of State Papers, Ireland, 1606-1608. Originally published by Longman and Co, London, 1874.

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'James I: December 1607', in Calendar of State Papers, Ireland, 1606-1608, (London, 1874) pp. 344-387. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/ireland/1606-8/pp344-387 [accessed 25 March 2024]

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James I: December 1607

473. Sir Arthur Chichester to the Attorney or Solicitor General. [Dec. 3.] Carte Papers, vol. 61, p. 262.

Warrant to draw a fiant of a grant of pardon to 43 persons, of whom Walter French, of Turlogh, in the county of Clare, merchant, is the first.—Dublin, 3 December 1607.

Pp. 2. Orig. Add. Not endd.

At the foot is a note in Sir Arthur Chichester's handwriting:—"The names above written were examined by the Earl of Thomond, and certified to be meane men, and for small and pettie crimes done longe since; but if some fine may be imposed for the Kinge it were agreeable to a former order in this kynd. Arthur Chichester."

474. Sir Arthur Chichester to the Attorney or Solicitor General. [Dec. 4.] Carte Papers, vol. 61, p. 295.

Having received special direction from the Lords of His Majesty's Privy Council of England for pardoning George Houth, for some reasons moving them, and especially for discovering a plot which was intended to surprise this castle; in accomplishment thereof, these are to wit and require him upon sight hereof to draw forth a fiant of His Majesty's most gracious, free, and general pardon, without fine or exception, to the said George Houth, for all offences committed before the date hereof, inserting therein the ordinary promises of putting in sureties, and pleading his pardon, not, however, to pardon intrusions, fines of alienations.—Dublin Castle, 4 December 1607.

P. ½. Orig. Add. Endd.: "4th December 1607. George Houth's warrt for his pardon."

475. The Earls' Letters to Spain. [S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 182.]

Advertisements of the packets of letters sent into Spain by the Earls of Tyrone and Tyrconnell, by Nicholas Oge Linche and Matthew Flood, alias Fullij. The Earls on receiving the answer departed speedily.

P. 1. Endd.

476. Lords of Council to Sir Arthur Chichester. [Dec. 6.] Philad. P., vol. 3, p. 227.

Recommend Lord Danvers, appointed President of Munster, to his favour, in all that concerns that service, as a person of extraordinary merit, especially in that kingdom, where he received those marks of honour in service which His Majesty has since confirmed to him by matter of more reward to him and his posterity; so however, as not to derogate from his (Chichester's) eminent place or command, or in any way to cross His Majesty's service.

There are two things in particular that they were commanded by the King to mention. First, that in case of the death of Lord Danvers' mother, he (the Lord Deputy) will oppose no obstacle to his immediate repair into England, to attend to his estate, except there should be some great necessity to the contrary. Secondly, with regard to the proposition made by some that no justices of assize should be sent into that presidency, it is left altogether to his (Chichester's) discretion to send or to stay them.—Whitehall, 6 December 1607.

Signed: R. Cant., T. Ellesmere, Canc., Salisbury, E. Worcester, H. Northampton, E. Zouche, E. Wotton, Jul. Cæsar, L. Stanhope.

Pp. 1½. Add. Endd.

477. Mabel, Countess of Kildare, to the Lord Deputy. (fn. 1) [Dec. 7.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 183.

Albeit she is in the testimony of a clear conscience, free from the least imputation that might bring her loyalty in suspicion, and though she has cause to be comforted by remembering that, notwithstanding other manifold miseries inflicted upon her by God's divine appointment for her great good, His gracious providence has protected her from incurring her Sovereign's displeasure for any desert of her own, yet she is now in her old days brought to extreme grief, hearing that the projects and practices intended by those that lately had manifested their loud affections towards their Prince and Sovereign, were contained and plotted at Maynooth, where she is forced, through age and weakness, to continue her residence. This she is told is disclosed by the depositions of many; and it the more increases her sorrow that such as are derived from herself and nearly allied to her, as some of them are, should once admit so wicked a thought into their minds, and thereby draw the just indignation of God and their Prince upon themselves, and give occasion of jealousy against her.

But herein hopes that her own innocency shall have defence in his Honour's censure, seeing the world can witness her dutiful behaviour from her birth to her Prince and Sovereign; which, with the general good opinion of his Lordship's honourable and settled judgment, emboldens her thus to resort to him with complaint of these her present misfortunes; humbly praying that, for the coming of those men to her house, his Lordship will be pleased to know that she writes not to boast thereof, that in her own disposition she never could, since God and her Prince sent her to this kingdom, shut her doors to keep out any men that showed countenance of integrity, civility, or honesty, much less might she keep out such as by nature and alliance were any way towards her. Yet she had greater care how to give them meet entertainment, than either to hearken what they said or inquire what they contrived; so that they might do many things in private, either good or bad, wherewith she should not be made acquainted,— being, through weakness and age, not able, these two years past, to bear company out of her chambers, although some times forced, but seldom, to take the air abroad, in her litter.

Humbly beseeches his Lordship, therefore, that, in hearing the examinations purporting matter in these late accidents, as conspired or plotted at Maynooth, she may, for herself and her house, have that honourable protection from his Lordship which her true innocency and faithful duty to her Sovereign deserve.

There came to her service, about two years past, one Francis Barnaby, a gentleman whose employment in her causes has given her great comfort, for which some men, more beholden to her than himself, taking the same in ill part, have suggested some matter against him of purpose to remove him from her. And because she is fully persuaded of his loyalty and good meaning since his coming hither to her, she makes likewise bold to pray his Lordship's favourable opinion of him, until he himself may answer the accusations, if any may be preferred to his Lordship against him.

P. 1. Signed. Add. Endd.

478. The King to Sir Arthur Chichester. [Dec. 7.] Philad. P., vol. 1, p. 245.

Warrant to renew the defective patent of Giles Herbert, son of Charles Herbert, one of the undertakers of Munster, his father having had a warrant to the same effect from the late Queen, which was lost, being taken by the rebels. Some of the lands granted to his father being alleged to be granted by patent to others, he is (if this be true) to have a rateable abatement of rent.

The advowson of the church called in the patent Lindrick Hall, being properly called Ballay M'Kelligot [Bally M'Elligot], the patent is to be made to him by the right name; some of his quit-rents are to be discharged according to covenant; and he is to have the like consideration with other undertakers for the arrears accrued during the rebellion, when his father sustained great losses.—Westminster, 7 December, in the 5th year of the reign.

P. ½. Signed. Add. Endd.

479. The King to Sir Arthur Chichester. [Dec. 7.] Philad. P., vol. 1, p. 243.

Being informed by the petition of Helene, Countess of Ormonde, that her former husband, John Power, deceased, son and heir of Richard, now Lord Power, Baron of Curraghmore, was slain in the service of the Crown, having issue by her, an infant of 10 years old, named John Power the younger, heir apparent to the said Baron, the wardship of the said infant, if it come to the King by the death of the grandfather, is to be granted to the said Countess, according to the custom formerly used by the late Queen, where the wardship of the heirs of those slain in the service of the Crown was granted for the benefit of the said heir, reserving, however, one year's profit of the lands as a fine for the favour.—Westminster, 7 December, in the 5th year of the reign.

P. 1. Signed. Add. Endd. by Chichester: "Of the 7th of December 1607. From the Kinges Maiestie for the wardshipe of the sonne and heyre to the L. Power. Geven to the Countesse of Ormond, &c. Re. the 4th of Maye 1607."

480. Sir Arthur Chichester to Salisbury. [Dec. 8.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 184.

Has already acquainted his Lordship with what has passed betwixt him and this bearer, the Lord of Howth, since his coming over with his Lordship's letters; and finding him at this time better inclined to attend His Majesty's pleasure here than to be sent thither, he might (as he thinks) spare his passage for this winter, and thereupon has importuned to be permitted to stay. But the following reasons have prevailed against his entreaty.

First Delvin's escape makes the Deputy mistrust many in whose care and honesty he could before that time have reposed his life and safety; next, he conceives not how he can be enlarged or set at liberty here, without giving a palpable feeling to all suspicious and understanding men that he is the discoverer of the treason, of which there is already some mistrust, albeit he knows that secrecy has been observed, according to his Lordship's directions. Thirdly, Owen Groome Magragh cannot be dealt withal, as it is fit he should, to make him confess what he knows, for fear of discovering of him, which he will by no means hear of; which made him (Chichester) to forbear to press Delvin and others with whom he has dealt, to confess what they knew concerning him. Has advised him to make an open confession of what he knows, and so receive open and free mercy from the King, rather than by this underhand dealing to blemish the judgment of so great a State among that wicked crew, in giving them a thought that they overreached by his and their secrecy. This can bring no dishonour upon him, seeing the matter is so apparently discovered by the Earls' flight and Delvin's confession, and must more evidently appear when Owen Groome shall be enforced to lay open what he knows of him. Without this he knows not how he can be enlarged without dishonour to the State or suspicion of himself. Finds him so confident of his Lordship's advice and well-wishing towards him, that he thinks he will submit himself to his Lordship's directions.

It rests only in him at this time to assure his Lordship that he has dealt carefully and soundly in the business since his coming over, which has been to his great travail, charge and hazard. Need not say more to his Lordship, who so well knows how to value and reward services of this nature.— Dublin Castle, 8 December 1607.

Captured the Friar, Owen Groome Magragh, by such intelligence and advice as he had from my Lord of Howth; and by the same advice restrained Delvin, as he told him that he would otherwise run into rebellion upon his restraint, and proceeded in the business as he (Delvin) gave notice of occurrents from time to time; which had all so led to a good end and perfection, if the constable had done his duty.

Pp. 2. Signed. Add. Endd.

481. Sir Arthur Chichester to Salisbury. [Dec. 10.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 185.

In the letters sent by the Lord of Howth has in some parts fed his humour, in order the better to persuade him to repair thither, finding him otherwise disposed to attend His Majesty's pleasure here, which he conceives will be for his present enlargement. But, as he has been so lately deceived, and, as he observes the humours of this people to be so greatly subject to change and alteration, he doubts the worst; for if the fugitive Earls return, which is so strong an opinion here that an angel from heaven cannot alter it, there is great presumption and likelihood that most part of the kingdom will declare themselves for their party, for they are generally corrupted and naught; before which time he wishes he (Howth) may be set at liberty, if there be not greater cause for his restraint than is known to him. And if he will make an open confession, (as he has advised him and thinks he will be ruled by Salisbury,) it may be done without any great blemish to his honour here, where so little shame is taken of being rebels or traitors, that the most part account him unworthy the name of his ancestors, that hath not done some notable mischief. But this is not the opinion of the gentlemen of these parts of the kingdom, albeit he finds by his report that many of them have dipped their fingers in this poison. The Baron of Delvin told him soon after his commitment that he greatly doubted his Lordship, and said he would be hard against him, when he should be acquainted with his confession. Answered him that his Lordship was an enemy to no man, nor hard to any but such as deserved it of His Majesty and the Commonwealth, and that his youth and repentance might hope for mercy. Told him that it appeared by the favourable and speedy dispatch which he had at his last being there, (obtaining the same chiefly by his Lordship's means, as himself had confessed,) that his Lordship wished well towards him. He said this was true; but yet he was afraid, for his offence and intentions were foul, and he could expect little favour from his Lordship. Since his escape he has given it out that the fear he conceived of his Lordship's severity caused him to adventure so desperate an escape, and to put all to hazard abroad. This was at first strange to him (Chichester); but what is in the heart will out at one time or other; for he understands now that his (Delvin's) guilt of ill meaning towards his Lordship made him doubt the justice he deserved. Hears that, at his last being in England, he met his Lordship in the garden, where he delivered such letters as he brought with him; when his Lordship is reputed to have told him he should never have foot of the lands he sought of the O'Farrells, for many of them had as well deserved as he or his father. This so discontented him that he went to a gentleman of his acquaintance then present and near to him in alliance and blood, and told him thereof, protesting that he would forthwith take away his Lordship's life, whatsoever became of him. The gentleman stayed him, and said "Stir not; if you do, I will kill you." This was delivered unto him (Chichester) this day by the Lord Chancellor, who had it from the gentleman himself that stayed him. Cannot conceal it one day from his Lordship, but has requested him (the Chancellor) likewise to write it more at large as he received it from the party himself. For this so murderous and bloody an intention, albeit he thinks he durst not act it, must ever think him unworthy of favour or mercy. This guiltiness brought with it reason to make him fearful.

Humbly prays his Lordship to let this discovery make him more watchful of this people, who are so apt to recompense good turns with blood. Is now glad that Delvin did not submit himself to the King's mercy when offered to him; and if he light upon him, he shall be kept surer until he come thither, provided they get not his head in the meantime. He gives out that he would fain pass into England, and cast himself down at the King's feet and there abide His Majesty's pleasure; but he (Chichester) believes him not. Humbly prays to be directed in this and all things else which shall be thought to require the same, and in the meantime will give him no rest. Has many beholders and expositors of his doings, which makes him crave directions.

Prays his Lordship to consider of what he has written in his letters to the Lords touching the Lord of Thomonde, who is a very worthy gentleman, and depends greatly on his Lordship's favour. His zeal to His Majesty's service deserves a far greater favour and grace than that for which he recommends him.—Castle of Dublin, 10 December 1607.

Pp. 3. Signed. Endd.

482. Lords of Council to Sir Arthur Chichester. [Dec. 10.] Philad. P., vol. 3, p. 229.

Cannot but censure Delvin's escape as a great fault, but His Majesty acquits him of it, in consideration of the great care he took in having a person of trust to lodge in his chamber besides a guard. So many have escaped from that castle that it cannot but be imputed to the fault of the jailers, and he (Chichester) cannot better acquit himself than by punishing severely the negligence or corruption of those that had charge of him. Concerning Delvin's person, they are not ignorant that he is well allied; by his mother a Geraldine, by his father a Nugent, by himself allied with the Plunkets, between whom and the Nugents (if we be not deceived) there has been formerly contention. That the late marriage of Tyrconnell with Kildare may be conceived as some circumstance for Tyrconnell's acquaintance with him is not improbable; but sure they are there wanted not other links to chain him faster in conspiracy and malice.

All which, notwithstanding, when they are compared with other considerations, of his person, as a man of no action; of his country as being under the scourge of the State; of the absence of those Ulster heads with whom he was combined, they conclude, that now that he (Chichester) is re-inforced, it were not only dishonourable but dangerous if the State should stoop to protections or conditional submissions to the greatest subject in Ireland that should stand upon his keeping, much less to him. Though it may be His Majesty's inward purpose to be merciful to him if he has grace enough to seek grace, yet he is not to spare to prosecute him as he would do the greatest traitor. If those that are abroad find it for their ease to return, he need not doubt that His Majesty will send him a better company than any they shall bring with them. Find by his letters that he is jealous of Sir Cahir O'Dogherty and of O'Cane There has long been an ill generation in the north, unwilling that any should plant among them but such as longed after incivility and disobedience. They doubt not, therefore, but he will make it his greatest care to preserve that poor town of Derry, amongst others, which was begun with great charge, but which (to speak plainly) was too much neglected, especially when it came to the apportioning of town land to be laid to it, without which all forts and garrisons are little better than prisons. In consideration of which they suggest he shall lay hold of those principal men he is so jealous of, for some time, whom His Majesty may afterwards deliver at his pleasure. The northern traitors have been entertained with courtesy by the Archduke. They have had money from the clergy to whom they address themselves. The Archduke assigns as his reason that he conceives them to have suffered for matter of religion. In any other kind they disclaim having anything to do with them, further than in charity; especially the King of Spain, who, hearing they were determined to come thither, forewarned them not to come into his territories, being informed by his ambassador that they had departed from Ireland for a matter of disloyalty mixed with matter of conscience. Being on their way to Rome, intending to go thence into Spain, they were recalled back and warned by the Spanish ambassador, as the Spanish ambassador in England had orders to inform the King. In the meantime their wives and families are provided for in Douai.

Notwithstanding the boasts of the priests and the private soldiers of the Irish regiments there to their friends in Ireland, they have to inform him that there is no change of professions of amity between the King their master and the King of Spain, nor any expectation of any invasion of foreign forces.

Concerning the two Presidents, (of whose company they find he would be glad), one of them is already on his way, and the other for Connaught will shortly follow. And for the 100 horse and 200 foot, they are in good hopes that this wind has carried them to him, as also 11,410l. 17s. 5d.

Signed: T. Suffolke, T. Dorset, E. Worcester, E. Wotton, H. Northampton, L. Stanhope.

Pp. 3. Add. Endd.

483. The Lord Chancellor to Salisbury. [Dec. 10.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 187.

Reports to his Lordship information which he has received, that the Baron of Delvin had, upon his Lordship's refusal of his suit for the O'Farralls' Country, purposed the taking of his life.

Pp. 2. Signed. Add. Endd. Sealed. [The letter alluded to in No. 481].

484. Sir Arthur Chichester to the Privy Council. [Dec. 10.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 186.

Recommends the bearer, Captain Norton, for a company.— Dublin, 10 December 1607.

P. 1. Signed. Add. Endd.

485. [The King] to the Lord Deputy. [Dec. 10.] Docquet Book, Dec. 10.

Letter to the Lord Deputy in favour of Giles Herbert, to renew certain letters patent in his favour because of defects, viz., abatement of certain rents, true name of a parsonage, abatement of quit rents, remission of arrears.

486. Sir Arthur Chichester to the Privy Council. [Dec. 11.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 188.

Was urged by Delvin's escape, with other considerations, to send over the Baron of Howth and Sir Cormock O'Neile in charge of Sir John Jephson, to be further dealt with. The proclamation lately published upon Delvin's flight, with the sudden and round prosecution of him, have had this good effect, that such persons as would otherwise undoubtedly have adhered unto him, are therewith stayed; and finding himself thus disappointed, he returned to Cloghoughter, in the county of Cavan, with some few of his servants and 40 kerne. Foreseeing that this would be his retreat, sent Sir Garrett Moore to the Cavan, a town within three miles of the castle and lough of Cloghoughter, with 200 foot and some horse and kerne, which have been put into pay under his charge for this service, whilst the Marshal lay in Delvin's country and near the mountain of Slewghcarbery, to keep him from comforts and assistance that way. On Sunday last, at night, Delvin sent out part of his men to snatch up some cows and sheep from the neighbours adjoining for his relief; and, being met withal by some of the troops who lay in wait for them, there were two or three of them killed and the cattle rescued, whereupon the rest fled and escaped into the lough by means of their cottes. Delvin being much dismayed therewith and standing in want of victuals, went out of the lough the next night with most of his men; and, having passed a small way into the country together, he told them he meant not to return to the castle any more, but would take another course; and so, bidding them all shift for themselves, he departed from them, accompanied only by one gentleman of his own name and a poor slave for his guide. This is all that he has yet heard of him since his escape hence.

Has directed the Marshal and Sir Garrett Moore to take in the castle, in any wise; his child and nurse, and such as were parties and privy to his escape hence, being left there. Imagines that he himself has made a short turn, and will lurk there, being now diffident of every man. He has hitherto stood stiffly for a protection from him (Chichester) for himself and his people, which he has refused, as being a matter very prejudicial to His Majesty's service and state, and which would be very advantageous to Delvin in the opinion of his partisans and favourites, if he could have obtained it. Delvin, himself, has not written so much, but he (Chichester) learns this from a kinsman of the Baron of Killeene (Delvin's father-in-law), whom he permitted to carry his (Delvin's) letters to him, and to bring his answers, that he would be content to surrender without further word or protection, saving only a promise to be conveyed over to the King and his Lordship, there to beg His Majesty's mercy and pardon. This he was very willing to grant him, notwithstanding his little respect to his former letters, when he offered him so much; and thereupon he gave order to the Marshal to receive him, within certain days limited; but his fear and guiltiness are such that he can no more hear of him upon those terms. He may now be lurking in some cabin or wood in hope to get a passage, and so to escape out of the realm, (which all possible means are used to prevent) or to expect the return of the fugitives, as all the world besides do on this side.

A base son of Brian M'Arte O'Neile had lately gotten together 60 others like himself, with purpose, it is said, to get some person of quality into his hands, by means thereof to redeem his father out of prison. But he having been executed here, about the end of this last term, that crew is dispersed, and most of the men have submitted themselves to the Commissioners in Ulster.

Begins now to be jealous of O'Cahan, for he refuses to come to the Commissioners or to any other officer that sends for him about His Majesty's service. Has lately written to him, but has received no answer as yet. There is such an opinion of Tyrone's return, that many of the Irish, especially in Ulster, withdraw into woods and fastnesses, where they provide them such arms as they can, though all possible means are employed to restrain them.

In most examinations that have been taken of priests and others, it is affirmed that the Earl of Thomond is much aimed at, and that two or three ways are laid to cut him off, the first [the priests] being assured to have a powerful adversary in him and his as long as he lives. Gave his Lordship notice of what he understood, and advised him to stand upon his guard for fear of a sudden attempt upon his person; and assuredly it imports their treacherous designs very much to have him cut off, which, if it should happen, as God forbid, the King would thereby lose a very worthy and faithful servant as any he hath in this realm, and all that country would be a fearful annoyance in the time of trouble, which would thereupon immediately follow after. Finds that he, himself, has some advertisement of treacherous inclination towards him, by some of his own people and country, which makes the danger so much the greater; wherefore, as he is one of the principal Commissioners for Munster he (Chichester) has, at his instant request made in that behalf, given him 12 horse and 24 foot, all English, in pay, until it shall appear how this wavering people will settle, or until His Majesty's further pleasure shall be signified for such allowance or not.

Since he last wrote concerning him, Sir Cahir O'Doghertie has been here, and he has been fain to accept of his excuses, howsoever otherwise he conceives of him, as of all others of this nation. Has bound him in a great recognizance with two sufficient sureties (the Lord of Gormanstowne, his brother-inlaw, and Sir Thomas Fitzwilliams) to be always forthcoming, and to appear here upon certain days' warning from time to time. Stood stiffly to have them bound for his true loyalty and allegiance towards His Majesty, his heirs, and successors, which could not be; and to induce it the more, committed him for some days to this castle, but in the end, finding it would be no otherwise, thought fit to accept of the former conditions, which seem to include the other.

The like hath been done with Sir Theobald Burke and Murrey Ne Moore, and they are all now returned to their countries.

All here are much dejected for want of money, and much ado they have to find means to defray the most necessary and needful charges. Beseeches him to think of them effectually in that behalf, and to hasten it away according to the importance of so great an instrument for peace and war.

Sends over Sir Cormacke O'Neile upon this other occasion of sending over the Lord Howth, for nothing that he knows of more than is laid down in his former examination, which was sent with the first advertisement of the fugitives. Since which time he has made the voluntary confession and offer, which is here laid down, and which is referred to his Lordship's further consideration. Verily believes he was induced by his brother to have gone with him, but that some obstacles fell out that broke it off. For that reason, and because he is the only man left here in remainder of the earldom of Tyrone, after his brother and his children by a former wife, has thought it meet to send him over.— Dublin, 11 December 1607.

Pp. 5. Signed. Add. Endd. Sealed.

487. Sir John Davys to Salisbury. [Dec. 11.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 189.

Though neither the running away of the two northern Earls, nor the restraint of the two Barons of the Pale, has caused any interruption in the course of civil government, yet there has not fallen out in the civil and peaceable course of things any special accident of late fit to be advertised to his Lordship, unless this may be thought worthy of observation; that, whereas before the last term the rumour of wars and new troubles were such that they expected that every man would have kept his home to look to his own lands and goods, and that there would have been a very slender appear ance at Dublin in that respect, yet, as soon as the term began by adjournment after Allhallowtide, there was an extraordinary concourse of people from all parts of the kingdom, soliciting and pursuing their causes with as much diligence as if no such accident had happened; especially the Irish, whereof divers have been at great charge to surrender their lands this term, and to take letters patent back again from the King, whereby their estates are established for ever according to the laws of England. Besides this, they have had a jury of Ulster men returned this term, for the trial of Brian M'Art O'Neale in the Court of the King's Bench, consisting of men who lived with him. Yet this jury have, upon violent evidence, found this Brian M'Art, nephew to the Earl, and of all that surname the most active and able to do mischief, guilty of manslaughter; whereby the hand of justice has cut him off, which is a notable example to all the kingdom, and a great security to that province; for if this man had been at liberty in this doubtful time, doubtless ere this he had been created O'Neale in Ulster.

It falls to his (Davys') lot to be sent with other commissioners into the farthest part of Ulster to indict the Earls and the other fugitives, and this journey must be undertaken before Christmas, though in the dead of winter, the ways being almost impassable, and the country altogether unhospitall. It will be somewhat painful, and not without peril, considering the place and business wherein they are employed; hopes, notwithstanding, that by the favour and grace of God, they may make return of the business before the 1st of January.

In the meantime, understanding that the Lord Chief Justice here is sent for over to inform his Lordship and to receive direction touching the disposing and settling of that province, ventures to beg that he himself may have license to come over with him; as well because he has taken some pains to understand the state of that province, so as to give light in the business, as also because he has some private businesses of his own in England, which he might withal dispatch the next vacation.

Touching the escape of the Baron of Delvyn, his retreat to Cloghoughter, and his flight from thence to Slewcarbry, where he lurks like a woodkern in a mantle and trouses, his Lordship, doubtless, has received all the particular circumstances from the Lord Deputy. Will only add what they observe and note upon this accident;—first, the effect of the proclamation which followed him at the heels, so that no man durst adhere unto him; and next the wisdom and constancy of the Lord Deputy in denying to give him a word or protection, which to all honest men here is a comfort, for such words heretofore have done more hurt than blows to this kingdom. —Dublin, 11 December 1607.

P. 2. Signed. Add. Endd. Sealed.

488. Earl of Thomond to the Privy Council. [Dec. 11.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 190.

Points out the danger of a Spanish invasion. Reports the proceedings of the mayors and officers of towns in Munster, who have refused the oaths of supremacy and allegiance.—Dublin, 11 December 1607.

Pp. 3. Signed. Add. Endd.

489. Earl of Thomond to Salisbury. [Dec. 11.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 191.

Enters into an account of his motives for sending for his son from Oxford. Thanks him for the advice and caution which he has given him to keep out of danger. Describes the particulars of the reparation of the castle of Limerick, and gives an account of his interference to prevent the marriage of Desmond's daughter. Concludes by cautioning his Lordship against James Casy's suits.—11 December.

Pp. 4. Signed. Endd.

490. Sir Oliver St. John to Salisbury. [Dec. 11.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 192.

Would have written to report various recent occurrences of importance, did he not know that his Lordship was fully apprised of them. His Lordship has long since heard of the apprehension and escape of the Baron of Delvin. His desperate estate and the insolency of his malicious purpose of making a war in order to free himself from the hand of justice, appears now by the little courage or means he has to uphold himself against the smallest prosecution. Ferral Oge O'Relye, his best resource, has left him; and the Baron himself (as is understood by letters from Sir Garrett More) has quitted the castle of Cloughowter, where he first put himself with his little son and the few followers he had gotten together. He, with two of his most confident friends, is gone away. His son, with a few others, remains in the castle, without any means of long subsisting; the rest dispersed themselves, and some are slain; one that is taken has discovered both the manner of his flight and the state of the castle. He is a dangerous young man, and one whose removal, if it please God that he be cut off, will be a happy turn for this country; for he is composed of the malice of the Nugents and the pride of the Geraldines. Is persuaded he will attempt to escape by the way of England, and therefore a wary eye and a description of him in the usual ports were very necessary. His mother, who, he (St. John) fears, has given him an infectious breeding, remains here imprisoned in a townsman's house, where it is desirable that she continue till the courses of her son be better discerned. At this time the Baron of Howth is sent over, who, during his imprisonment here, has carried himself in his accustomed half wild fashion. If he continue the same man when he comes to England, his Lordship, but that he supposes he knows him well already, will wonder at him. Judges his frame such that, if he be not new moulded, which he fears he never will, this kingdom will never have great joy of him. Sir Cormacke O'Neale, besides the opinion of his house, has little in him to make him dangerous, yet it were well that he be kept hence so long as there is any hope of his brother's return. Sir Neale Garve O'Donnell, Sir Donnell O'Cahan, and Sir Cahir O'Dogherty, in their carriages, make show of discontentment, and give cause enough of suspicion; but the Lord Deputy's wary handling of them will contain them, especially as their means of doing any great harm are so little. They are men that have pride enough to think themselves worthy of much more than the King has reason to do for them, and yet no liberality will make them better; with all their clamours and discontentments, they may, if well looked unto, be kept in order, as well by giving them little as by much.

Craves pardon for an over-tedious letter. Acknowledges his Lordship's remembrance of him, especially as he finds himself set down in the establishment for a company of 100 footmen.—Dublin, 11 December 1607.

Pp. 3. Signed. Add. Endd.

491. Lords of Council to Sir Arthur Chichester. [Dec. 17.] Philad. P., vol. 3, p. 232.

Are much displeased to hear from the Earl of Bath, His Majesty's Lieutenant of Devonshire, that, after they had taken every means they could that the 800 foot ordered for a supply to His Majesty's forces, should arrive entire and without diminution in Ireland, 20 of the most sufficient men that were delivered by bill indented to the officer there, were instantly discharged for money, and were at home again almost as soon as the conductor. As these were of the number assigned to the Lord Danvers, Lord President, they have written to him, and doubt not but he will examine the abuse. But they wish him (Chichester) to take notice thereof and make it known there that he knows of it, as it may deter others from the like offence.—Whitehall, 17 December 1607.

Signed: T. Ellesmere, Canc., T. Dorset, E. Worcester, W. Knollys, H. Northampton, E. Wotton, L. Stanhope, J. Herbert, T. Suffolke, Salisbury, Jul. Cæsar.

P. ½. Add. Endd. by Chichester: "From the Ll.s of the Councell concerninge the retorninge of soldiares out of Mounster into Devon, &c. Re. the 4th of Februarie, the doble whereof is sent with other letters to the President."

492. Extract of William Barrett FitzUlick's Examination, taken at Cork, 18 December 1607. [Dec. 18.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 192a.

To the 9th he saith, that all the Irish there daily desire and expect a war to be made in Ireland, and that in their conferences they mutter the same amongst themselves. Saith that their hope is, that some foreign prince shall undertake the same. Saith that he could not learn precisely where they purposed to land, other than that those of Munster held the west of Ireland to be the fittest place, both for safety and arrival, and for its convenience for receipt of supplies. Cannot say ought who of his country should rise with them upon their coming; but it is certain they much affect and look for an invasion, and they doubt little to have help enough for their purpose.

Signed: Dom. Sarsfield.

P. 1. Endd.: "An extract of Willm. Barrett FitzUlluch's examination."

493. James Loach's Examination. (fn. 2) S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 192 B.

The examination of James Loach, an Irishman, of the Lord Roche's country, being there two years past in the Low Countries, and serving of Colonel Henry O'Neile as his cook.

Saith that he first served Sir William Stanley as a cook, and afterwards was with the Grave Maurice; where, receiving some disgrace of a Dutchman, he killed him in fight, which made him to run away to the Archduke's army; and there he lived in the service of the Lord Henry all this while, till about the 20th of November last he parted thence, and bound his course for Ireland.

Saith that Magwire came to the Lord Henry about Whitsuntide last at Bruxells, where the Archduke then remained, who entertained him well, and presently gave him 700 crowns in his purse, which sum was given him by a lieutenant out of Spain, as this examinant did learn in the army.

Saith that Magwire tarried not there above one month, but parted thence for Spain (as the common report was); but this examinant saith that afterwards he heard that Magwire, upon his going from Bruxells, addressed himself in the habit of a merchant to Roane, where he and John Roe, of Drogheda, bought a ship of salt, and with the same came to the north of Ireland, where they took in the Earls and the rest. Saith that the plot and the manner of Magwire's disguising and dissembling was much commended in the Low Countries after his return. Saith that, upon the arrival of both the Earls, the Lord Henry with all the Irish captains went to Dowaye, where they met them. Saith that the Archduke received news from Tyrone of his arrival, and came towards him at Nostre Dame, three leagues from Bruxells, where they accordingly met; and, after many compliments, the Marquis, attended with many gallants, brought him to Bruxells, and there entertained him that night. Saith also that after his entertainment there that night, he repaired the next morning to Lovayne, and was received there into the Irish college. He saith they were often entertained there by the Lord Henry very sumptuously.

Saith that since Tyrone's coming thither till November last, (when this examinant parted the country), neither Tyrone nor any of the rest came at the Archduke, who, as was reported, wished them to forbear coming at him.

Saith that, many of the Irish in the Spanish army, being all the last summer resolved to retire into this country, and watching fit opportunity for the same, they were all stayed and commanded to stay in the army upon the coming of Tyrone thither; to which purpose a more streight eye is fixed upon them than hath been formerly, which was done by the suit of Tyrone.

Saith that in the Irish regiment there are many priests that have pay out of the army, amongst which Ed. M'Eagan, Flarie (fn. 3) (Florence) O'Molconery, and Father Cusack, are the chiefest; the first whereof in reputation is not inferior to the others, but the other two are more stirring, and therefore employed in directions and plots betwixt the Spanish Court and the Low Countries. The Lord Henry hath another priest, named Doctor Chamberlayne, who still attends him, and is used in the secrecy of all their works.

Saith that he observed much willingness in the Irish to attempt the invasion of this kingdom, if any foreign prince undergo the war, but knoweth no more certainly where they should make the seat thereof, or who should undertake it.

Saith that when others there spoke of the toil and infirmities of the war, and thereon commended Ireland for the air and quiet thereof, he often heard the Lord Henry say that he would never come thither to derive a small portion of inheritance with his brother, nor otherwise to live therein, if he were not employed thither by the King of Spain in some great army, where he might make himself a fortune.

Saith that the Irish there mutter much a war for Ireland, and that the same is earnestly solicited in the Courts both of Spain and Rome, but with more canker in the first, where those motions are made, not directly, but by means and provocations of breaches.

Saith that, upon his coming from thence, the Earl of Tyrone was instantly bound to Rome, accompanied by Father Flarie O'Molconery as his principal guide, Captain Fitzshimons, M'Rawe of Drogheda, and others.

Saith that whatever is intended is not yet (as he thinks) ripe with them for execution; for if it were, the same could not be so covertly carried, but the general project thereof should be in the discourse of some of the Low Countries, who feed themselves already upon their affections and desires of innovation and change, and long to see some attempt answerable to their wishes.

Ex. coram Dom. Sarsfield.

Pp. 2. Endd: "The examination of John Loach come from beyond seas."

494. The Lord Chancellor to Salisbury. [Dec. 20.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 193.

Upon a further consideration of the contents of his letter of the 10th inst., sent by Sir John Jepson, fears his Lordship may conceive some jealousy that, together with the information which concerned the Lord Delvin, he did not discover to him the means whereby he learned the same. Makes it known to him therefore, that Mr. Luke Plunkett, son and heir to the Lord of Killeene, newly arrived out of England, entering with some into private speeches, he made relation to him how many favours and good usage his brother-in-law, the Baron of Delvin, had found from the Lord Deputy in this State, and therefore aggravated his offence. In answer to this he offered to disclose a secret. "I discerned," said he, "an ill disposition in my brother of Delvin, when he was in England, for (as God shall judge me) if I had not stayed him, he had," &c. (according to the effect of the former letter). This was the mean whereby he got that notice. Neither gave his word for secrecy, nor did Nugent require it; but freely of himself, in regard of long and inward friendship between his father and him (the Chancellor), he discovered what he (the Chancellor) wrote; but he humbly beseeches his Lordship so to use this matter, that the gentleman may not incur trouble for concealing it so long, and that he (the Chancellor) may not offend him by the performance of his duty to his Lordship.

Commends Sir Anth. Sentleger, as a faithful assistant in chancery, and a wise and worthy councillor of this State.— St. Sepulchre's, Dublin, 20 December 1607.

P. 1. Signed. Add. Endd.: "Chanc. of Ireland to my lord, by Sir Ant. St. Leger."

495. Deputy and Council to the Privy Council. [Dec. 21.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 194.

They commend the bearer, Sir Anth. St. Leger, to the favour and confidence of their Lordships.—Dublin, 21 December 1607.

Arth. Chichester, Tho. Dublin, Canc., Th. Ridgeway, James Ley, Humph. Wynche, Ol. St. John, Garret Moore, Ja. Fullertone, Jeff. Fenton, Ry. Cooke.

Pp. 2.

496. Sir Arthur Chichester to the Privy Council. [Dec. 21.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 195.

Reports that the 400 men from Chester were good men, but as ill armed as possible. The 200 men from Barnstable were good. The last 200, from Workington, in the north, were without arms and clothes, and an object of derision to the Irish. Had sent 30 of them back again.—Dublin, 21 December 1607.

Pp. 3. Signed. Add. Endd.

497. Instructions for Sir Anthony Sentleger, Master of the Rolls, to be imparted to the Right Honourable the Lords of the Council in England. [Dec. 21.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 196

To understand their Lordships' pleasure touching the indictment of the Baron of Delvin, which they here think meet to be done speedily, in order to discourage many loose and idle men from hazarding to run his fortune; which otherwise they will do, upon hope that he will be protected or taken to mercy, a course so usual in this kingdom that all sorts of men will presume upon it, till they shall see him in that sort proceeded against by law.

To inform their Lordships that they intend to continue his prosecution unless he absolutely submit himself to His Majesty, and be content to go into England to abide His Highness's pleasure, which Thomas Plunkett (who was permitted to go to him upon receipt of his first letter) said he will do, if he may have only convoy from the Lord Deputy, which is thought fit to be given him, and so Plunkett was told.

To let their Lordships understand that for the indicting of the fugitive Earls, the Baron of Dunganon, Maguyre, their followers, and the rest gone with them, Justice Sibthorpe and Baron Eliott, and the King's learned Council are sent down into the counties of Tyrone and Donegall (in which last county they assembled and took shipping) with an indictment framed against them for conspiring to take the castle of Dublin, to kill the Lord Deputy and Council, to bring in foreign forces, and to raise a war. If the indictment be found, there shall be proceeding to the outlawry, unless they have directions to the contrary.

To let their Lordships understand what difficulty they find in settling the county of Monaghan, those people being so poor that at present they pay no more rent than is taken of them by strong hand, and forbear to take out their patents; so that they think it were fit (if His Majesty would be so pleased) that the rent of that country were reduced from English to Irish, for, as it is, it is over great, and more than can be paid by them.

For the counties of Fermanagh and Cavan, their settlement cannot be made until summer, or at the soonest until the spring, in order that some of the Council here may travel thither. For the first of them they have received His Majesty's pleasure, signifying his dislike that such a country should be shared between two only, which, now that the one of them, namely, Couconagh Maguyre is gone with the fugitive Earls, may be otherwise distributed, his whole share being more than half the country; as Connor Roe's may also, if it be so thought fit, since he has not yet any letters patent of that part which was allotted to him at the Council table here; yet, inasmuch as he was once promised the whole country by the late Lord Lieutenant here, and accordingly sued out his letters patent, the validity whereof their Lordships know, and as he afterwards was contented with his part upon the division, which was somewhat less than the one half, they think themselves bound, for the honour of the State, to signify so much, in order that His Majesty may be pleased to take notice thereof. As for the other country, by name the Cavan, it must abide the time aforesaid.

Touching the transplanting of the Moores out of Leix into Munster, though they have not yet brought it to full perfection, they doubt not but by May next, (which is here the usual time of removing householders,) they will effect it, if there arise not new troubles in the kingdom. The like course were meet to be taken with the Connors, if it please His Majesty to give directions.

To certify their Lordships in a generality what they have done upon the Commissions of Arrears, Surrenders, and Defective Titles, letting them know that the Lord Chief Justice at his coming shall satisfy them more particularly.

To move their Lordships to signify their pleasures touching such as refuse to take the oath of supremacy, and in other points of their letter of the 17th of October last, the copy of which he has with him.

For the matter of the customs, he is to let their Lordships know that they imparted the contents of their last directions to the agents of the port towns, who were here with them at the end of the last term; they desired, being then returning home, that they might acquaint those that sent them there withal, making show of good conformity to His Majesty's pleasure, so that their arrears might be remitted. The answers are expected the next term; in the meantime they gave order to stay the quo warrantos. Further, he is to show their Lordships that the kingdom is yet generally (God be thanked) in quiet, though exceeding much inclined to break out, as they are daily advertised from divers parts; and assuredly here is a general expectation of the speedy return of the fugitive Earls, for which purpose many furnish themselves with arms and weapons, that they may be ready to join with them; and though the speedy and sudden prosecution of Delvin has disabled him to make head, so that his castle of Cloughowter is taken, and his son is now brought hither and committed to safe keeping, himself having few or none in his company, but enforced as a woodkerne in mantle and trouses to shift for himself;—yet some others of this country, in hope that he will gather strength, or that there will be stirring in other parts, begin to be upon their keeping, and refuse to come to the King's officers; of which kind are Sir Bryan M'Mahowne, in the county of Monaghan, and Sir Donagh O'Cane, in his country near the Derry, which last has so far further declared himself that he has plainly given out that neither Englishmen nor Scottishman shall come at him, and besides, his brother Shane Carragh has burned some houses, which is a course here used by such as are resolved to enter into action;—therefore these men of necessity must either speedily be drawn into a better course of obedience, or else the King's forces must be drawn upon them; in which, if any disaster or foil should occur, it will soon be spread and increased by false reports throughout the kingdom, so that it may reasonably be feared that they will suddenly start out in many parts at an instant. This he knows how ill they are yet provided for, wanting both the 100 horse promised, and money for all occasions; both which he is earnestly to solicit and humbly to press their Lordships to furnish them speedily, as they tender the safety of the kingdom, for he knows this country is so bare of money that they cannot borrow more than they have already done; so that, even if the treasure assigned them were come over, which they do not yet certainly hear to be at the waterside, it will suffice to make payment only till the last of this December, unless the sum be greater than they have yet heard of; and by that means they will not have one penny to disburse, whatsoever extremity they be driven to. He is therefore to move their Lordships to increase the sum assigned, if it be not yet sent away, or to send more after, and that speedily; and further, if it stand with their Lordships' liking, to procure His Majesty to send hither a sum of 20,000l. to lie here as a store in the Castle of Dublin, not to be issued for any ordinary payment, but to be reserved for the most important and bleeding occasions of the kingdom, which will not perhaps await supply from England without apparent hazard of this State. They are assured that time will show their Lordships that this was a very needful and happy counsel, and therefore in discharge of their bounden duties, they wish him to propound it.

He may certify their Lordships that out of Northumberland are here newly arrived 140 foot, without arms; the other 60 from Cumberland and Westmoreland are said to be put in at the Isle of Man. Capt. Henry Hylton, who conducted those arrived, reports that money is coming after to arm them here; and thus much he is to make known unto their Lordships, for the present state of this poor country.

To which is to be added as a matter of very great consequence the cause in the Castle Chamber between the Earl of Kildare and Sir Robert Digby and his lady, as the lands of the whole earldom depend thereupon. It was at hearing the last term, and held them every day of sitting, and so, no doubt, will last a great part of the next term. They are doubtful what will be the issue; and therefore, as it is of so great importance, they cannot but signify so much to their Lordships, humbly wishing them to move His Majesty to take this cause into his own hands, and to stay them from going to sentence, by some letter that may appear to be their warrant.

Signed: Arthur Chichester, Tho. Dublin, Canc., Th. Ridge way, James Ley, Humph. Wynche, Ol. St. John, Garrett Moore, Ja. Fullertone, Ry. Cooke.

Pp. 7. Endd.

498. Lady Delvin to Salisbury. [Dec. 22.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 197.

Intercedes for the pardon of her son, the Baron Delvin.— Dublin, 22 December 1607.

P. 1. Signed. Add. Endd.

499. Lords of the Council to Sir Arthur Chichester. [Dec. 26.] Philad. P., vol. 3, p. 234.

Remitting to him the petition of Richard Baker and some other merchants of London, complaining of their wrongful usage by Sir George Flower, an officer in His Majesty's pay and entertainment, and alleging that they can get no relief by course of law during long suit.

Their grievance is, that they bargained with him for a large quantity of wheat, and paid him in hand 105l., taking assurance from him for the delivery of the wheat, but have never since been able to get either their grain or their money. If the merchants have been wronged he is to cause right to be done.

Signed: T. Ellesmere, Canc., T. Dorset, E. Worcester, W. Knollys, H. Northampton, E. Wotton, J. Herbert, T. Suffolke, Salisbury, L. Stanhope, Jul. Cæsar.

P. ½. Add. Endd.

500. Lord Danvers to Salisbury. [Dec. 29.] S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 198.

Has been much delayed by the mariners. Mr. Cooke, the treasurer, has not yet come.

On board the Tremontane, 29 December.

P. 1. Signed. Endd.

501. The Earl of Tyrconnell to the King. (fn. 4) S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 200.

A Note or brief Collection of the several Exactions, Wrongs, and Grievances, as well spiritual as temporal, wherewith the Earl of Tyrconnell particularly doth find himself grieved and abused by the King's Law Ministers in Ireland, from the first Year of His Majesty's Reign until this present year of 1607: to be presented unto the King's Most Excellent Majesty.

1. In primis.—All the priests and religious persons dwelling within the said Earl's territories were daily pursued and persecuted by His Majesty's officers.

2. Item.—Sir Arthur Chichester, now Lord Deputy of Ireland, told the Earl, sitting at the said Lord Deputy's table in the presence of divers noblemen and gentlemen, that the said Earl must resolve to go to church, or else he should be forced to go thereto; which menacing speech, proceeding in open audience from the Governor of the Realm, contrary to the former toleration that the said Earl and his household until then enjoyed, wrought that impression in the Earl's heart, that, for this only respect of not going to church, he resolved rather to abandon lands and living, yea, all the kingdoms of the earth, with the loss of his life, than to be forced utterly against his conscience and the utter ruin of his soul to any such practice.

3. Item.—The first year after the Lord Lieutenant's going into England, Sir George Carey being then Lord Deputy, the commanders of the King's forces at Lifford, namely, Captain Nicholas Pinner and Captain Basil Brook, who were under Sir Henry Docwra's command, seized from the Earl's tenants there the number of 150 cows, besides as many sheep and swine as they pleased; wherewith they were not satisfied, but most tyrannically stripped a hundred persons of all their apparel, all of which the said Earl showed in humble wise to the Lord Deputy, and as yet could have no remedy.

4. Item.—The same year, after the Earl's going into England, the garrisons of Lough Foyle and Ballyshannon seized 400 cows for the victualling of the soldiers from the Earl's tenants; concerning the satisfaction whereof there were letters written to the said Lord Deputy, in the Earl's behalf, by the council of England, requiring him to give the Earl payment in English money for the same, the which he could not have.

5. Item.—At the Earl's arrival before the King, expecting of His Majesty a patent of all such lands and hereditaments as his ancestors had held, according to the promise passed unto him by His Majesty's said lieutenant of all these lands following, together with the homages, rents, and duties accustomed to be paid to the Earl's predecessors in the several territories and countries of Sligo, Tirawly, Moylurig, Dartry, in Fermanagh, and Sir Cahir O'Doherty's Country, and all Sir Neill O'Donel's lands;—yet were they excepted and kept from him, together with the Castle of Ballyshannon, and one thousand acres of land, and the whole salmon fishing of the river of Erno, which is found to be worth 800l. a year, the same castle being one of the Earl's chiefest mansion houses.

6. Item.—Notwithstanding that Lifford was so evidently not in any sort excepted out of the said patent, that the Council of England, by their letters, dated in the years 1605 and 1607, finding no just title or cause to the contrary, required the Lord Deputy to remove all the garrisons in Tyrconnell, and specially the garrison of Lifford, and to deliver possession thereof unto the Earl; yet, in consideration of the said letter, the Earl's urgent necessity of some dwellinghouse, and the former things excepted, they adjoined 4,000 acres of the best land unto the garrison, and kept it for His Highness' use, and withal a house in Derry, with all ancient duties thereunto belonging, which was never excepted in the said patent.

7. Item.—The next Michaelmas after the King's coronation, when the Earl arrived in Ireland with the King's letter to have his patent passed, the said Lord Deputy would not take notice thereof, but kept him thirteen weeks in Dublin, until an office of survey should be taken of all the Earl's lands, rights, and duties; which office being found reasonable for the Earl, was not received in by the Lord Deputy, who presently passed the Earl's patent as he pleased; whereupon the Earl procured the Council of England's letters to have the full benefit of the said office, but as yet received no benefit thereof.

8. Item.—The same year there were 11 bishops and seven sheriffs sent to Tyrconnel, by every of which there was taken out of every cow and plough-horse four pence, and as much out of every colt and calf, twice a year, and half a crown a quarter of every shoemaker, carpenter, smith, and weaver, in the whole country, and 8d. a year for every married couple.

9. Item.—When Sir Neill O'Donell, for usurping the title of O'Donell, and taking of the Earl's creaghts and tenants, was committed to prison, whereout he broke, and killed some of His Majesty's subjects, the Earl by special warrant from the Lord Deputy, prosecuted him with forces, and took all his own creaghts from Sir Neill again, who, having made complaint before the Earl of Devonshire, in England, and my Lord of Salisbury, was dismissed, and returned into Ireland; and, notwithstanding, the said Carey, in malice towards the Earl, gave warrants to Captain Pinner, Basil Brook, and Ralph Bingley, to levy and take satisfaction for the said prey from the Earl's tenants, for Sir Neill's use: whereupon they, with nine-score of Sir Neill's men, and three English companies, took 500 cows, 60 mares and plough-horses, 13 horses, besides meat and drink for six weeks for all the said companies, and used many other extortions, the country being then extremely poor after the wars; whereupon the Earl procured order for the restoration of the said spoils again, which was no sooner granted than countermanded by the said Carey, at Sir Neill's request, whereby there were seven-score ploughs of the Earl's tenants hindered from ploughing that season.

10. Item.—The Earl can justify by good witnesses, whose names he may not tell without danger, that when Sir Neill and Sir Ralph Bingley pretended to kill or murther the Earl, they made the said Carey privy thereunto, he seeming to uphold, patronise, and countenance them in that bloody enterprise.

11. Item.—The Earl will justify that this Carey, in the presence of Sir Arthur Chichester, now Lord Deputy, Sir George Bourchier, and the Earl's own man, Matthew Tully, said that he would force the Earl to go into action; whereof the Earl complained into England, and could not have remedy or punishment inflicted upon the said Carey, by reason that the Earl durst not show the same unto His Majesty, the said Carey having many friends of the Privy Council.

12. Item.—A horseboy, named Kelly, for killing of one Cusack, being to be hanged, was, by a man sent privately by the said Carey, promised his life, so that he woud accuse the Earl to be the author that set him on to kill the said Cusack; which the boy confessed, not knowing that it served to no purpose for him so to do but to accelerate his hanging; and then he, being brought to the gallows, and seeing no hope of his life, openly took upon his oath and hope of salvation that be never saw the Earl, and that the causers of his former false confession were the persons sent by the said Carey to promise him his life upon a confession similar to the former; which confession he swore to be false in the presence of 400 persons and the sheriff of the county and portreeve of the town of Trim, wherein the execution was made. And afterwards for the same, the said Carey sent soldiers to apprehend an Englishman, whom the Earl brought out of England to be his gardener, unto the Earl's lodging, the Earl himself being within it; and there he was taken out and kept close prisoner, without meat, drink, or light, until he died, to see whether he would accuse the Earl of the said fact that Kelly had done. All such, with many other of said Carey's cruel and tyrannical proceedings, the Earl showed to the Council in England, which promised to give the Earl satisfaction by punishing of the said Carey; whereas he, at his arrival in England, rather obtained greater favours, than any reprehension or check for his doings; so that the Earl was constrained to take patience for a full satisfaction of his wrongs.

13. Item.—The said Carey gave warrant to levy 100l. towards the building of a church at Derry; which being levied by horsemen and footmen that Sir Henry Docwra sent into the country, was disposed to Sir Henry's use, and not for the matter pretended.

14. Item.—This Carey kept Sir Henry Docwra's and Sir Henry Folliot's horsemen and footmen, and Sir Ralph Constable's, Sir Thomas Roper's, Captain Doddington's, and Captain Horum's companies, for the space of three months upon the country's charges; where they committed many rapes and used many extortions; which the Earl showed, but could neither get payment for their victuals, nor obtain that they should be punished for their sundry rapes and extortions.

15. Item.—There was never a garrison in Tyrconnell that did not send at their pleasure private soldiers into the country to fetch, now three beeves, now four, and when they liked, which they practised until they had taken all; and when the Earl complained, the said Carey seemed rather to flout him, than any way to right him.

16. Item.—By Sir Henry Folliot's company there were taken from the Earl's tenants 38 plough-horses for carriage, which were never restored, nor any recompense made for them; and at another time one and twenty, and again 14, all in the same nature as the former, and never restored; they being taken in the spring of the year, whereby the tenants were hindered of ploughing as before.

17. Item.—For the said Sir Henry's house, every month, there were six beeves and six muttons taken up by his own officers within the barony of Tirhue [Tirhugh]; which was used continually for a year without any manner of payment for the same.

18. Item.—There were taken by Captain Doddington, at one time 12 beeves and 12 muttons, without giving any payment for the same.

19. Item.—There were taken by Captain William Cole 12 beeves and as many muttons, paying nothing therefor.

20. Item.—All these former injuries the Earl in very humble manner showed unto the said Carey, and could never be heard, but rather was dismissed by him still in scoffing manner; who also threatened a lawyer that pleaded some cases at the bar for the Earl, "that he and his posterity "should smart for his doings, until the seventh generation;" so that all the Earl's business was ever since left at random, and no lawyer dared plead in his cause.

21. Item.—The Earl, prosecuting some rebels that were in the country, killed some of them, and took their chieftain prisoner, whom the Earl's men carried to Sir Henry Folliot to be executed; for which service the Earl had this reward, that his adversaries proffered to the imprisoned person to save his life, if he could accuse the Earl of any crime that might work his overthrow; which the prisoner could not do, whereupon he was hanged.

22. Item.—The said Carey directed a general warrant to Sir Ralph Bingley, vice-governor of Lough Foyle, and to Captain Coale, vice-governor of Ballyshannon, to compel all such tenants as Sir Neill demanded, to return to him with their goods and chattels; by virtue whereof the said vice-governors made motion of an examination which was to be taken of 12 of the Earl's men and as many of Sir Neill's; and the men being come thereunto, the Earl's men were not examined, but locked up in a room, and the vice-governors, upon the false deposition of Sir Neill's men, directed warrants and sent soldiers to the number of 300 to bring all the Earl's tenants, against their wills, unto Sir Neill, to the number of 340 persons; who paid half a crown a-piece, and 12d. for every cow and garron, as a fee to the captains, whereby they lost their ploughing for the space of 28 days, the soldiers being in the country all the while.

23. Afterwards the Earl, finding no other respect at the said Carey's hands, went into England, where he made complaint, and procured letters of sundry articles in answer of his demands unto Sir Arthur Chichester, then and now Lord Deputy; who, upon receipt of them, seemed very respectfully to give the Earl contentment in his said demands, and withal consented and gave warrant for the establishing of the Earl in the possession of Lifford; which, however, he recalled the next day, and still deferred the matter until his going a progress into the north; where he, being come, and having taken a view of the town, called to council Sir Henry Docwra, to know his opinion concerning the necessity of the place for His Majesty's service; and he, more for his own profit than for His Majesty's service, as by the sequel hereof may appear, judged it to be a place most requisite for His Majesty's use, but afterwards, at the Lord Deputy's being at Sir Henry's house, Sir Henry's wife begged a lease of the said town with the market thereof for one-and-twenty years, whereby he detected his project in the delivery of his so unjust and wrongful an opinion concerning the said place; all which the said Lord Deputy will not deny to be true.

24. Item.—After the Earl was in possession of Castle Doe, by Sir George Carey's warrant, one Neal M'Swyne, pretending a title to it, forcibly entered with others into the said castle, the Earl being in England, and dispossessed the Earl's constable out of it, and kept it by virtue of an order afterwards granted by the Council against the Earl. And at the Earl's return out of England, he made humble suit unto the Lord Deputy to be again restored into the possession whereof he was so treacherously despoiled, until a course of law were taken between the said Neill and him; which he could not obtain, but the possession was maintained for his adversary against him until the said Neill went into rebellion, by means whereof the Earl lost the rent of sixty quarters of land for the space of one year and a half, paying the King's rents yearly for the same; and afterwards the Earl besieged the castle and won it at his own charges; in recompense of which service the Lord Deputy appointed to Captain Brook to dwell there, and constrained the Earl to accept of such rents as he had given order to the said captain to pay, and to pass to the said captain a lease thereof, and four quarters of the best lands thereunto annexed, for one and twenty years.

25. Item.—One Captain Henry Vaughan, being sheriff the year 1605, got a warrant towards the charge of a sessions house to levy 150l. upon the country, which house was only builded of timber and wattles; and notwithstanding that the said captain promised to make it substantial and durable, yet it was not worth 10l., it having fallen within one month after the building thereof; but, nevertheless he sent soldiers, upon the country's charges also, to levy every penny of the said money, and afterwards the country was forced by the Lord Deputy's appointment and order to defray the charges of another sessions house for the next year ensuing.

26. Item.—At the same sessions, 1605, the Lord Deputy being at Lifford, there was one Owen MacSwyne to be executed; unto whom, by the appointment of Sir Oliver Lambarde [Lambert], who gave a caveat unto Sir Henry Folliot from time to time, as often as there should be any persons to be executed, to assure them of their lives if they informed of any matters to overthrow or prejudice the Earl, Sir Henry sent privately, promising him his life and large rewards if he would charge the Earl with some detestable crime.

27. Also, at the same sessions, the Earl was called to the bar for hanging of some woodkerne during the Lord Lieutenant's [Mountjoy] time, he having then authority to execute martial law, insomuch that he was fain to plead a particular pardon which he had, for otherwise the general pardon would not avail him or stand him in any stead, as the judges alleged.

28. Item.—Within a short time afterwards, by the said Lord Deputy's orders, Sir Henry Docwra's and Sir Henry Folliot's horsemen and footmen were cessed upon the country, where they remained for four months, and paid nothing for their charges of horse meat or man's meat.

29. Item.—The Earl having purchased sixteen hundred pounds' worth of his own inheritance from Sir Ralph Bingley, who entered into bonds of the staple of three thousand pounds for the maintaining of the Earl in possession of all the lands and hereditaments that he had passed unto the Earl, against all persons pretending title unto the whole for any part or parcel thereof; yet did the Council give warrant unto one that was Sir Ralph's tenant, before the passing over of the said land to the Earl, to enter into possession of all such lands as he formerly held by virtue of a writing that was between him and Sir Ralph, mentioning no certain rent, but what Sir Ralph pleased to demand; and so he continued, by their order, in the said possession, and paid no rent unto the Earl. And into another part of the said lands the Bishop of Derry entered, pretending the same as his right; and afterwards, Sir Ralph having arrived in Ireland, the Earl made suit unto the Lord Deputy to have him apprehended until he should perform covenant according unto the said bonds; which the Lord Deputy would not do, but bade him to deal with the mayor of Dublin, and have him arrested; and when the mayor's officer was brought to execute the arrest, with as full authority as might be, Sir Ralph showed the Lord Deputy's warrant of protection, whereby the Earl lost both the lands and money aforesaid.

30. Item.—At the said Lord Deputy's coming into Fermanagh, in 1606, the Earl having gone thither to meet him, he sent privately to apprehend one Teige O'Corcoran, servant to M'Gouire (sic), and brought him secretly into the tent wherein he slept, where he was bound and tortured with bed cords, to the end he might charge the Earl with something tending to the Earl's overthrow and ruin, where he continued for the space of five days; within which time the said Lord Deputy came to Ballyshannon, where he, being at supper, demanded of the Earl what right he had to the former things he claimed in the several territories before specified; whereunto the Earl answered that his ancestors were in possession of the several territories before specified for one thousand three hundred years, and that the said duties, rents, and homages were duly observed and paid during the said time; whereunto he replied that the Earl was unworthy to have them, and that he should never enjoy them, and that the State was sorry that he had so much left him as he had then in possession, and withal wished him "to take heed of himself, or else he would make his pate ache." All which he said in the presence of the Lord Chief Justice, others of the Council, and divers gentlemen that sat at the table.

31. Item.—At the same time there were sundry old challenges of tenants, preys, and spoils, between the Earl and Sir Nial, which controversies the Earl, for his part, at the Lord Deputy's entreaty, referred to his Lordship's censure, delivering up all the papers, he promising first to the Earl to order and award to the Earl at leastwise all the said spoils taken by virtue of Sir George Carey's warrant; and notwithstanding the said promise, there were three hundred pounds ordered against the Earl, and all his challenges frustrated, and his papers burned. And afterwards Sir Nial's papers were privately given back again to himself, by reason whereof the Earl was forced at the last sessions to give to Sir Nial the benefit of all the said papers again, he having nothing to show to the contrary.

32. Item.—At the said Lord Deputy's return again into Fermanagh he sent for Magouire, and wished him to accuse the Earl, who protested and swore that he could not charge him with anything; to whom the Lord Deputy replied again, with an oath, that he should never part with him until he had confessed as much as Teige O'Corcoran, above mentioned, had declared, it being in verity nothing at all; and yet the said Teige was charged by them as having confessed matters against the Earl.

33. Item.—One Ferighe O'Kelly, being condemned to be hanged at Athlone for some delict, was proffered his life by a man sent secretly to him by the said Lord Deputy, which messenger arrived and came to the said Ferighe just as he was to be hanged, and delivered to him his errand, which was a proffer to him not only of his life, but also of large rewards, if he would charge the Earl with treason; which he promised to perform, and thereupon was taken back again, and was privately examined; but they, finding his examination to halt, as no wonder it should, being forged at the same instant, sent him to prison, there to remain until he had justified somewhat of what he had promised; and if he could not do it, that then he should be hanged. But there he continued until the Earl's departure this last time out of Ireland.

34. Also a gentleman named Donagh O'Brian, who had some time followed the Earl, was committed to prison in Athlone, out of which he made an escape; and afterwards Sir Oliver Lambarde sent a protection to him, and he being come before the Lord Deputy and the said Sir Oliver into a private chamber, Sir Oliver told him that he should not only have his pardon but also large rewards if he would charge the Earl with treason; but the gentleman, who neither could nor would charge the Earl with anything, rather made choice to abandon his native country, than to stay therein to feel the effects of their merciless mercy.

35. Furthermore, one Owen Gany M'Cormack, natural of Moylurig, within the county of Roscommon, was taken prisoner, and brought before the Earl of Clanricard and the Council of Connaught, by the Lord Deputy's order, to accuse the Earl with somewhat as before; and being examined, he swore, in the presence of them all, that he could not charge the Earl with anything at all; whereupon he was enlarged.

36. Item.—One Ferighe O'Kelly was to be executed in Galway, whose life was offered unto him if he would accuse the Earl, and, because he could not charge him with any crime, he was hanged.

37. Furthermore, the said Earl can justify, by good proofs, that of twenty and seven persons that were hanged in Connaught and Tyrconnell, there was not one but had the former, promises upon the like conditions made unto them.

38. Item.—One Captain Ellis ravished a young maiden of the age of eleven years, in the Earl's country; which matter was presented by a jury to the sheriff in his term court; whereof the Earl understanding, informed the Lord Deputy, and withal prayed his Lordship to proceed against the said Ellis according to his delicts; but he refused to do it, and directed the Earl to claim for the verdict of the said jury at the next sessions to be holden within the country, promising withal never to grant a pardon to the said Ellis, in the presence of many nobles and gentlemen. But the matter being moved at the next sessions, and afterwards referred again to the jury, they presented the said Ellis guilty; whereupon he being absent, a writ of outlawry was directed, which the Earl has to show, under the clerk of the crown's hand; and yet the Lord Deputy, notwithstanding his former promise, granted the said Ellis his pardon.

39. Also the said Ellis told an Englishman, that afterwards of himself acquainted the Earl therewithal, that he would come with soldiers and raise an alarm and cry near the Earl's house, and that, when the Earl should come forth, he would kill him, making no question of obtaining his pardon notwithstanding; which words of his the Earl showed to the Lord Deputy in the presence of many, adding herewithal an oath how he stood not assured of his life, if the said Ellis were not restrained or bound to the peace; neither of which so just demands could the Earl obtain.

40. Item.—The duties of the fishing of Kelbegge [Killybegs] being the Earl's, as a thing that was found by the survey to have been in his ancestors' possession for 1,300 years before, was taken away from him by Sir Henry Folliot and the Bishop of Derry, it being worth 500l. for that season; which wrong the Earl showed to the Lord Deputy, and could get no other redress than that the Deputy addressed a warrant to the Bishop of Derry, to maintain him in the possession thereof against the Earl, both for that season and all times ensuing.

41. Item.—The said Sir Henry having occasion to use carriage horses, took away those that served the Earl's house with fuel and wood for fire; and the soldiers, scorning to feed the horses themselves, went into the Earl's house and forcibly took out one of the Earl's boys to lead them, and ran another in the thigh with a pike for refusing to go with them; whereof the Earl likewise complained, but could have no satisfaction.

42. Item.—The three M'Swynes and O'Boyle, who always held their lands from O'Donell, paying what rent he pleased to impose upon them, and who consequently ought to hold from the Earl on the same terms, as was also found by the above-mentioned survey, seeing that they all and either of them had made over all their estates and rights unto the Earl by their deeds of feoffment, and suffered a recovery to be passed in form of law, and taken their said lands again from the Earl by lease of years, for certain rents; yet, notwithstanding, the said Lord Deputy gave several warrants to every one of them that demanded it, to pay no rents to the Earl; and, if he should demand any other of them than that they themselves pleased to pay, in such a case the Governor of Derry was required to raise the country from time to time, and resist and hinder the Earl from taking up his rents.

43. The Earl, upon this, made a journey into the Pale, to know the reason why he was debarred from his rents; and lodged, on a certain night, in the abbey of Boyle, where scarce was he arrived, when the constable of the town, accompanied by 20 soldiers and their ensign, and all the churls of the town, environed and fired the house wherein the Earl lay, he having no other company within it than his page and two others of his serving-men. But it befel, through the singular providence of Almighty God, whose fatherly care he has ever found vigilant over him, that he defended himself and his house against them all the whole night long; they using on the other side all their industry and might to fire it, and throwing in stones and staves in the Earl's face, and running their pikes and swords at him, until they had wounded him in six places, besides his other bruisings with stones and staves; they menacing to kill him, affirming that he was a traitor to the King, and that it was the best service that could be done to His Majesty to kill him. And that all this is true, Sir Donogh O'Connor, who was taken prisoner by the same men, because he would not assist them in their facinorous and wicked design of killing the Earl, will justify; but in the morning the Earl was rescued by the country folk, who conveyed him safely out of the town. And when the Earl complained and showed his wounds to the Lord Deputy, he promised to hang the constable and ensign; but afterwards did not once deign so much as to examine the matter, or call the delinquents to account; by reason whereof the Earl verily persuades himself—which surmise was afterwards confirmed in time by the credible report of many—that some of the State were sorry for his escape, but specially Sir Oliver Lambarde, who had purposely drawn the plot of the Earl's ruin, and set the ensign on to execute it, as the Earl will also justify.

44. Finally, the said Lord Deputy having written to the Earl for some hawks this last summer, the Earl, desirous to continue his accustomed annual benevolence and amity towards him, of bestowing some hawks on him, sent him a caste, he himself remaining only with two caste more to bestow on his other good friends; all this, notwithstanding, the Sheriff of Tyrconnel caused one Donell Gorme M'Swyne, being one of those before deputed by warrant to detain the Earl's rent, to take up the hawks from the Earl's man, and sent them to the Lord Deputy, whereof the Earl understood, he being then at Dublin, and made the Lord Deputy a challenge for his hawks, yet could not recover them; whereat grieved, he said that he found himself more grieved at their loss in that nature than at all the injuries he had before received; whereunto the Deputy replied, that he "cared not a rush for him or his bragging words;" warning him withal to look well to himself, in the same threatening manner that he had done before at Ballyshannon.

Pp. 13. Endd.: "To the King of England, His most Excellent Majesty. For the Earl of Tirconnell."

502. The Earl of Tyrone's Articles. (fn. 5) S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 201.

Articles exhibited by the Earl of Tyrone to the King's Most Excellent Majesty, declaring certain Causes of Discontent offered him, by which he took Occasion to depart his Country.

1. First.—That it was by public authority proclaimed in his manor of Dungannon that none should hear mass upon pain of losing his goods and imprisonment; that no curate or ecclesiastical person should enjoy any cure or dignity without swearing the oath of supremacy, and entering to the chapters or congregations of those that professed the contrary religion; and that those that refused so to do were actually deprived of their benefices and dignities, as may appear by the Lord Deputy's answer given upon a petition exhibited by the Earl in that behalf, as also by the Lord Primate of Ireland, who daily put the same in execution in the Earl's country.

2. Item.—By the procurement of the Earl of Devonshire, the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, there were taken from the Earl two parcels of his land, formerly held and enjoyed by himself and his ancestors time out of mind, called the Fues (sic), and Sir Henry Oge's country, which were passed to Sir Tirlagh M'Henry and the said Sir Henry Oge O'Neill, knights.

3. Item.—There were threescore cows taken from him that he and his ancestors had yearly of ancient rent out of Sir Cahir O'Dogherty's country, called Innisowen, never brought to any question before His Majesty's reign.

4. Item.—The said Lord Lieutenant took from him all the fishings of the Bann, in like manner enjoyed and possessed by the Earl and his ancestors, which the Earl, to avoid the trouble of the law, was forced to purchase again, as though he had never before any title thereunto.

5. Item.—Certain other parcels also of the Earl's land have been taken from him by false offices, taken without the Earl's privity, under colour of church lands, a thing never in any man's memory heard of before; and the same lands have been passed to Sir George Carey, Knight, the Queen's Majesty's Vice-Chamberlain, and by him again, to Sir Henry Docwra, Knight, and by the said Sir Henry to Sir John Sidney, Knight, and to one Captain Henry Vaughan, together with certain other parcels of the Earl's lands; and his fishing of Lough Foyle was in like manner compassed by him, and the Earl was forced to purchase it in the new, rather than be at continual suits of law, where he saw he could have no indifferency of justice.

6. Item.—One Robert Leicester, an attorney in the chancery, got by some such practice certain other parcels of the Earl's land, and the same were passed over to Captain Edmond Leigh. So that any captain or clerk that wanted means, and had no other means or device to live, might bring the Earl in trouble for some part or parcel of his living, falsely inventing the same to be concealed or church land; and so, under colour of serving the King's Majesty by such offices, they daily troubled and molested His Highness' subjects, and are thereunto maintained by the State as his ministers; and yet they are commonly found in the end by these courses to do all for their own private profit and personal commodity.

7. Item.—The Archbishop of Armagh and the Bishop of Derry and Clogher pretended to take from the Earl the best part of his whole living, claiming the same as appertaining to their bishoprics;—a claim never moved by any of their predecessors, other than that they had some chiefry due to them in most part of all his living; but they would now have the whole land to themselves as their demesne lands, and will not be content with the benefit of their ancient registers, which the Earl always offered and was willing to give without further question.

8. Item.—O'Cahan, one of the chiefest and principalest of the Earl's tenants, was set on by certain of His Majesty's Privy Council, as also by His Highness' counsel-at-law, to withdraw himself and the lands called Iraght-I-Cahan from the Earl, being a great substance of his living, and the part thereof that he and his ancestors always held as their most special property. Now, notwithstanding that the said O'Cahan, at his own house, before the Lord Deputy and Council, being by them in that case deeply examined, renounced to have any title or right to the said land, or any part thereof, other than by the Earl and his ancestors, and without any further trial or colour of right that ever he could show for himself, other than that he and his predecessors from time to time held the same from the Earl and his ancestors as tenants-at-will, yielding and paying to them yearly all such rents, dues, and reservations as others of their tenants did; yet the Earl was quite dispossessed, by order from the Council-table, of the two parts of the said land; and a warrant was given to O'Cahan to take his charges in following the suit against the Earl from his tenants of the other third part left to the Earl. Whereat the Earl, being somewhat aggrieved, read his complaint thereof to the Lord Deputy and Council, who, after long debate, perceiving the wrong, their Lordships referred the re-examination of the cause to Sir Thomas Phillips and Sir George Paulet, Knights; and they, finding O'Cahan's former suggestion to be false, proceeded to order the matter according to justice; where, upon full hearing of the cause and examining of witnesses of both sides, they found O'Cahan to be in the wrong, and therefore decided that he should not only cease farther to demand anything of the Earl's said tenants of that third part, but that he should also restore unto them what he had already taken from them, and that the sheriff should put the same in execution; whereof the Earl could have no benefit, after he had been at infinite charges in getting witnesses and following the same suit. Thereupon he again appealed to the Lord Deputy, and showed him the same order of the knights and the Council's warrant to undertake the matter. Yet all that notwithstanding, he could prevail nothing, and had no answer from the Deputy but that he knew no means else that O'Cahan had, either to pay the Treasurer who lent him money in Dublin to follow his suit against the Earl, or to bring him to England, there also to trouble him, but by that or some such means. So that, after all the Earl's labour, travail, and charges, O'Cahan had his order fully executed, and the Earl no benefit of his. And further, the Earl perceived by Sir John Davys', His Majesty's attorney's, speech before the Council-table, that it was fully intended and resolved amongst them that he should lose the other third part; when he said, in plain terms, "he would never serve the King if I had not lost all that land of Iraght-I-Cahan, and much more of that I hold and thought myself most assured of." And to maintain his word in that behalf the said Sir John Davys and the rest of His Majesty's counsel-at-law likewise made claim in His Majesty's behalf to four other parcels of the Earl's lands, called Glankonkeine, Killitragh, Slieveshiose, and Slughtairta, being the only substance of all that was left the Earl, and began their suit for the same in the Exchequer the last Trinity term; so that, in fine, he could not perceive how he might assure himself of anything by the Letters Patent that he had from His Majesty. Thereupon, understanding that His Highness granted a commission for receiving surrenders, together with authority to amend all faults and intricate defects in any former patents, he exhibited petition to the Lord Deputy, and the rest joined with him for the purpose, humbly proffering a surrender of his old patent, and craving a new one, with amendment of all defects in the former; whereof, although the same was a general favour granted by His Majesty to all his subjects of the whole realm, the Earl could have no answer.

9. Item.—The Earl brought a suit against Sir Henry Oge O'Neill, Knight, in the King's Bench, for a parcel of land called Tohrannie, which His Majesty's grant to the said Sir Henry did not bear; which suit came to an issue the last Trinity term, that the same should be, with the consent of both parties, tried by due Nisi Prius, and thereupon an order drawn, and writs of distringas and venire facias issued; and that the Earl paid all charges and fees thereunto belonging, according to the common course of the court: that, notwithstanding, the Lord Deputy and Chancellor, contrary to the due course of law, commanded that the same should be again stayed:—by which means the Earl's proceedings were letted (sic), and he abridged of the benefit of His Majesty's laws, and hindered of the possession of his lands. And yet in any suit against him, any man, of what degree soever, obtained the extremity of the law with favour.

10. Item.—Although it pleased His Majesty to allow the Earl to be lieutenant of his country, yet had he no more command there than his boy, since the worst man that belonged to the sheriff could command more than he, and that as well within the earl's own house, as abroad in the country; for, if any one that they had had anything to say unto were within the Earl's house, they would not attend his coming out, but even burst open the doors of his house to bring him out; and never would do the Earl so much honour in any respect as once to acquaint him therewith, or send to himself for the party, though he had been within the house when they attempted these things. And if any of the Earl's officers would, by his direction, order or execute any matter betwixt his own tenants with their own mutual consents, they would be driven not only to restore the same again, but also be first amerced by the sheriff, and afterwards indicted as felons, and so brought to their trial for their lives for the same; so that the Earl, in the end, could scarce get any of his servants that would undertake to levy his rents.

11. Item.—Whereas there is a statute by the laws of Ireland that none should be sheriffs of any county but such as should be dwellers within the same county and of good worth by yearly revenue therein, and withal should be elected by the nobility and chief gentlemen of the same county, yet, notwithstanding, the Lord Deputy appointed gentlemen of other counties, and not elected as aforesaid, sheriffs of the counties of Tyrone and Armagh;—as Captain Edmond Leigh, being not elected, and one Marmaduke Whittchurch, dwelling in the county of Louth;—both withal being retainers and very dear friends to the late knight-marshal [Bagenal], who was the only man that urged the Earl to his last troubles; and, no doubt, any that ever belonged to him, will be ready to do the Earl all the mischief they can devise by all practices possible, as they in their offices daily showed to the Earl and his tenants, both by word and deed; whereof the Earl eftsoons complained to the Lord Deputy, and could get no redress, but rather fared the worse for his complaints, in respect they were so little regarded.

12. Item.—The Earl, understanding that there had been earnest suit made to His Majesty for the presidentship of Ulster, made bold to write to His Majesty, humbly beseeching that His Highness would be pleased not to grant any such office to any over himself, suspecting it should be his overthrow, as by plain experience he knew the like office to be the utter overthrow of others of his rank in other provinces within the realm of Ireland in his own knowledge; and, in like manner, wrote to his friends of His Highness' Council in England, to make means that his suit might be accepted in that behalf, and, among the rest, to his very good lord the Earl of Salisbury, that he would vouchsafe to assist him in that proceeding; who replied, as may appear by his letters, that "the Earl was not to tie His Majesty to place or displace officers at his [the Earl's] pleasure in any of His [Majesty's] kingdoms," which was never the Earl's meaning. Yet did he plainly perceive by that his Lordship's letter, that his suit in that case was merely vain, as it fell out indeed; for that office is passed already to Sir Arthur Chichester, knight, now Lord Deputy of Ireland, as the Earl credibly understood by Captain Edmond Leigh and others of the Lord Deputy's gentlemen that he met at Slane, the 8th of September last, the Deputy being there; which the Earl knew right well to be the Earl of Salisbury's doings, and did in very deed much fear that it should grow to his destruction without His Majesty's privity. Therefore, and rather than live under the like yoke, perceiving himself so envied by those that should be his protectors, and considering the misery he saw sustained by others through the oppression of the like government, would sooner pass all to himself than abide it; yet all that notwithstanding, as well because he fears further to incur any their displeasures, as because he could receive no answer of any former complaints which he preferred to His Majesty, he never durst acquaint His Highness with any of his griefs.

13. Item.—Whereas the Earl's nephew, Brian Mac Art, was at Sir Tirlagh MacHenry's house, having two men in his company, and being in some merry humour, there happened some speech betwixt him and a kinsman of his own, who, on the speech, gave the Earl's nephew a blow of a club on the head, and tumbled him to the ground; whereupon one of his men standing by, and seeing his master down, stept up with the fellow, and gave him some three or four stabs of a knife, having no other weapon, and the master himself, as it was said, gave him another, through which means the man came to his death; and thereupon the Earl's nephew and his two men were taken, and kept in prison till the next sessions holden in the county of Armagh, where his men were tried by a jury, chosen for that purpose, of four innocent and mere ignorant people, having little or no substance to take unto, most of them being bare soldiers, and not fit, as well by the institution of the law in matters of that kind, as also through their own insufficiency, to be permitted or elected to the like charge, and the rest, foster-brethren, followers, and very dear friends to the party slain, that would not spare to spend their lives and goods to revenge his death. Yet, all that notwithstanding, they were allowed, and the trial of those two gentlemen was committed to them; through which means, and the rigorous threatening and earnest enticements of the judges, (being so charged by a letter from the Lord Deputy, as the Earl credibly understands), they were most shamefully condemned to die, and the jury was in a manner forced to find the matter murder in each of them. And this not so much for their own offences, as thinking to make it an evidence against the master when he should come to his trial, who was in prison in the castle of Dublin, attending to be tried the last Michaelmas term, whose death, were it right or wrong, was much desired by the Lord Deputy.

14. Item.—The Earl gave his daughter in marriage to O'Cahan, without any kind of exception or interruption of any, and gave a portion of goods with her; and they lived so together without any question for the space of eight years, till the said O'Cahan was set on to withdraw himself from the Earl; at which time he also, by the procurement of his setters on, turned the Earl's daughter away, and kept the goods to himself, and took another to his wife; whereof the Earl complained to the Lord Deputy in his daughter's behalf; whereunto he replied that he knew no way O'Cahan had to pay her. Whereupon the Earl exhibited petition to the lords justices of assize at Dungannon in her behalf, to whom he esteemed the same to be proper; but when the matter came to hearing, O'Cahan showed a warrant from the Lord Deputy, that they should not determine that matter, but that it should be decided by the lord bishop of the Derry, who was himself the chief author of her putting away, and therefore, in all men's judgments, no indifferent judge in that case. Through which means the Earl's suit in that cause was frustrated, and he could get no manner of justice therein, no more than he obtained in many other weighty matters that concerned him, too tedious to be rehearsed at the present.

15. Item.—The Lord Deputy, farther to trouble the Earl, procured one Henry Oge O'Neill, M'Henry MacFelymye, and others his confederates, to go out as a woodkern, only to rob and spoil the Earl and his nephew, Brian Mac Art, and their tenants; as the said Henry eftsoons certified to the Earl by messages affirming that he would never do the Earl nor any that belonged to him any hurt, but that the Deputy enticed him thereunto; who committed many murders, burnings, and other mischievous acts against the Earl's tenants, and were always maintained and manifestly relieved amongst the Deputy's tenants and others their friends in Claneboye, and openly sold the spoils that they took from the Earl's tenants amongst them. And yet the Earl never could get any justice of them nor of those that so relieved them; and they continued so for the space of two years, doing many outrageous facts against the Earl's tenants, till, at length, they happened to murder one of the Deputy's own tenants; whereupon they were fain to forego that country, as the Deputy then took some care to see them prosecuted for that fact:—through which means, and their being put from that their refuge, the Earl, within one quarter of a year after, cut them all off. Yet the Lord Deputy, not being thereat satisfied, further to have his will of the Earl's tenants, sought to bring them within the compass of the law; and thereby, seeing that he could not by these sinister means prevail against them, fairly sought to cut them off; and to that end protected one of the said rebels, a poor rascally knave, and brought him to Dublin, where he persuaded him to accuse above threescore of the Earl's tenants of having relieved the said rebels with meat; which, God knows, they little minded, if they had not taken it from them perforce, as they did indeed from divers of them that were not able to make any resistance against them, and withal killed their cattle in the fields, and left them dead there, being not of power to carry them away, burnt their houses, took what they could of their household stuff, killed and mangled themselves. And yet were they, upon the report of that poor knave, who was himself foremost in doing these mischiefs, all taken and brought to their trial by law, where they were, through their innocency in the matters laid to their charge, acquitted, but at their no small cost. So that betwixt the professed enemy and the private envy of our governors, seeking thereby to advance themselves, there was no way left for the poor subject to live.

16. Item.—The said woodkerne met one Joise Everard, a Dutchman that belonged to the Deputy, by the way, coming from Carrickfergus to Tome [Toome], in the county of Antrim, whom they took prisoner, and kept till he compounded to have given them 30l. ransom; for which 30l. the Deputy cessed threescore upon the county, and appointed the one half thereof to be taken from the Earl's tenants, though of another county, and at least 12 miles distant from the place where he was taken and kept, and though they themselves were daily killed and spoiled by the said woodkerne, and never had redress from those that were well known to have relieved them from time to time. And a warrant was directed for levying the same to Sir Thomas Phillips, who sent his soldiers upon the Earl's tenants to take it, and without any further reasoning of the matter or showing any authority, took and distressed for the whole 30l. in one place, and from two men, and marched away therewith. The poor people, thinking it had been the woodkerne that gave the alarm, eftsoons followed and raised the hue and cry; whereupon certain men that the Earl had entertained, by warrant from the Deputy, to prosecute the said rebels, hearing the cry in the country, took their stand upon a streight (fn. 6) (sic) that the rebels were accustomed to pass, and met the soldiers there coming with the distress; and perceiving them to be soldiers, drew near and began to reason with them, and learn why they took the distress, and asked a sight of their warrant; whereupon the soldiers, scorning to show them their warrant, gave them a volley of shot, and killed one of them, and went away with the distress and a prisoner, and kept him till he was forced to give them 5l. Whereof the Earl complained to the Lord Deputy, and could find no redress, but that the Lord Deputy persuaded him by fair speeches to forego the matter to Sir Thomas Phillips; whereunto the Earl, seeing he could not otherwise amend himself, assented, and so lost his man and money, and the money itself is still with one Captain Claterworthey, and not restored.

17. Item.—Certain of the soldiers of the Derry, in the time of Sir George Carey's government, passing through the country, went to a village of the Earl's that was near the way, where they met a kinsman of the Earl's, and presently, without any speech, one of the soldiers shot him through, and killed him dead; whereof the Earl could never have redress, not so much as to punish the soldier.

18. Item.—The said soldiers of Derry went another time in pursuit of a prisoner that made an escape out of the city, and went that night to a farm of the Earl's, where they had the best entertainment that the poor people had; and the next morning, upon their going away, one of them shot at one of the townsmen with poell shot and broke his arm, and hurt him in sundry parts of his body, so that he fell to the ground; and his neighbours, supposing he had been dead, pursued the soldier to have taken him, he being a good way behind his company, but the soldier, to make the better shift, left his arms, which the poor men took, and let him go, and went personally to the high constable of the shire, and delivered him the arms, and went, themselves and the hurt man, to the Derry, to complain of the soldiers to the governor, where they were all taken and put in a pair of stocks all night, under frost and snow, which was like to cost them their lives, and specially the hurt man, who was never dressed of his wounds. And this only for taking the piece of the soldier that did the fact, after that he had cast it away himself, and never a word spoken to them for killing the King's subject.

19. Item.—Sir Henry Foliarde [Folliot], Knight, Governor of the Ernie, came upon some of the Earl's tenants with force and arms, the second year of His Majesty's reign, and forcibly took from them above 200 cows, and killed a good gentleman, besides many other poor men, women, and children; and besides that, there died above 100 persons of them with very famine, for want of their goods. Whereof the Earl never had redress, although the said Sir Henry could show no reasonable cause for doing the same.

20. Item.—The Earl farther perceived the Lord Deputy very desirous and earnest to aggravate and search out matters against him, touching the staining of his honour and dignity, and specially very distinctly examined M'Gouire, and used many persuasions to him, to signify if he might lay any matters to his charge. All which were fetches, thinking, as he first obtained to be Lord President of Ulster, then, secondly, to come upon the Earl with some forged treason, and thereby to bereave him both of his life and living. And the better to compass his pretence therein, he placed that whispering companion, Captain Leigh, as sheriff in the country, not so much for doing His Majesty's service, as to be lurking after the Earl, to spy if he might have any hole in his coat, which the Earl little feared had he been assured of any indifferent judge. But seeing that the Lord Deputy (who ought to be indifferent, not only to him but to the whole realm, having the rod in his own power,) sought his destruction, he esteemed it a strife against the stream for him to seek to live secure in that kingdom. And, therefore, of both the evils he chose the least, and thought better, rather to forego his country and lands, till he had further known His Majesty's pleasure, upon perusal of the causes of his griefs, (which he little durst, while he lived within the compass of the said Governor's jurisdiction, once move to His Highness,) and to make an honourable escape, with his life and liberty only; than by staying, with dishonour and indignation, to lose both life, liberty, living, and country, which in very deed he much feared.

In conclusion, besides all the insolencies, wrongs, personal injuries, injustices, severe persecution practised, and severer intended, in matters of religion, which are specified in the above articles, he omits many others done to him by under officers, of which he durst not complain during his being in Ireland:—as of Sir John Davys, His Majesty's AttorneyGeneral,—a man more fit to be a stage-player than a counsel to His Highness,—who gave the Earl very irreverent speech before the Council table;—which being permitted by the Council, the Earl said that he would appeal to His Majesty; whereunto he replied, that he was right glad thereof, and that he thereby expected to achieve to honour. And in like manner, one Mr. Jacob, His Highness' solicitor, one not much inferior to the other in blabbeling, no less preferred very hard and dishonourable speech to the Earl, which also he showed to the Lord Deputy, and could have no kind of redress thereof. Nor that only, but there have been many other abuses offered him by other inferior officers, and others of His Majesty's ministers, tending to the deprivation of his honour and authority, that might be sufficient causes to drive any human creature not only to forego a country, were it ever so dear unto him, but also the whole world, in order to eschew the like government; which he thinks too tedious at the present to trouble His Majesty withal, and which he also omits, not doubting but these shall suffice to satisfy His Highness. And so referring himself and the due consideration of these and all other his causes, to the most royal and princely censure of His Majesty, as his only protector and defender against all his adversaries, he most humbly takes his leave, and will always, as is his bounden duty, pray.

Pp. 5. Add.: "To the King of England's most excellent Majesty."

503. Lands claimed in Ulster by Sir William Smith. S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 202.

Note of the lands in Ulster claimed by Sir William Smith and his son, now held by letters patent by Sir Arthur Chichester, the Lord Deputy, and others.

P. 1. Broad sheet. Endd. Not dated; but is probably the return referred to by Chichester, in his letter of 24 January 1608. (fn. 7)

504. Better Government of Munster. [S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 203.]

Propositions for the better government of Munster, relating to the judges going in circuit from Dublin. Questions as to the jurisdiction of the Vice-Admiral. Suggestions as to forts and citadels.

P. 1. Endd.: "Monster." No date, but probably soon after the death of Brouncker.

505. Presidency of Munster. S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 204.

Note as to the saving of some portion of the pay for the province of Munster, between the death of Sir Thomas Norreys and the appointment of the Lord Carew as President.

P. 1.

506. Sir Edward Brabazon to Salisbury. S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 204a.

Recommends the placing of garrisons and planting the north of Ireland, particularly at Armagh.

Pp. 2. Add. Endd.

507. Henry M'Shane O'Neale's Petition. S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 205.

Suppliant was eight years and a half in prison with the Earl of Tyrone, he being then in rebellion only for Her Majesty's cause; and after his long imprisonment he made an escape from Tyrone, at which time he came to his Lordship at Eynselaughan [Inislaughlin]; and his good Lordship, of his own honourable goodwill, took him in his company to the Newery, where the Lord Lieutenant was, being then Lord Deputy; at which time he presented to the Lord Deputy certain coulers [colours] which the King of Spain sent the Earl of Tyrone, demanding nothing of his Honour but that his Lordship would be a mean for him to Her Majesty of her gracious favour, and also that he might be restored to his blood. As, therefore, it is well known both in England and Ireland that he is lawful heir of Tyrone, he prays, now that it is fallen into the King's hands as it had been heretofore, that his Lordship would vouchsafe that he may have the custodiam of Dungannon, with the other lands belonging thereunto, during his Honour's pleasure, or until his Lordship shall hear out of England from His Majesty and Council, or until he go for England himself with his Honour's favour, hoping in God to live and die in His Highness's service.

P. 1. Endd.

508. Draft of a Letter for Donnogh O'Brien. [S.P., Ireland, vol. 222, 206.]

Draft of a letter desired by Donnogh O'Brien, of Carrigoginell (Carrigogunnell) in county Limerick, whereby he may be restored to the chiefry and other profits of the land of Galbally.

Pp. 2. Endd.: with a note that "it is not fit to be granted; in regard the King is not to give commissions against himself in cases so old."

509. Lords of Council to Sir Arthur Chichester. [Dec. 31.] Philad. P., vol. 3, p. 236.

Remits to them the petition of Florence M'Carthy, complaining on the part both of himself and of Mr. Herbert Pelham and Captain Skipwith, of the proceedings of Lord Courcy and Lord Barry, who claim the lands of Carigenasse and Rinrion, long and quietly enjoyed by his father and himself, and well demised 20 years ago to Herbert Pelham, and since in the occupation of Captain Skipwith.

The petitioner, Florence M'Carthy, alleges that the Lords Courcy and Barry have no right, but rely on the advantage to be had against him by reason of his restraint in England; but though he be restrained here for just causes of his liberty, it is only reasonable that no advantage be made thereof to his prejudice, either in title or possession of any of his lands. Refer the inquiry to him (Chichester), and request him to see right done.—Whitehall, 31 December 1607.

Signed: T. Ellesmere, Canc., T. Dorset, E. Worcester, W. Knollys, H. Northampton, E. Wotton, L. Stanhope, T. Suffolke, Salisbury, Jul. Cæsar.

P. ½. Add. Endd. Encloses,

510. Petition of Florence M'Carthy to the Privy Council.

That in the time of his former trouble and restraint here, he leased, about 17 or 18 years past, two places of his called Carrigenass and Rinrion, to Mr. Herbert Pelham, for 21 years, which Pelham has enjoyed ever since until now. In the time of his restraint proceedings have been taken against him, as well by Lord Courcy, to draw from him Rinrion andploughlands, which his father purchased from the old Lord Courcy about 50 years past, and whereof he died seised, as also by the Lord Barry, to draw from him seven ploughlands belonging to Carrigenasse, under colour that one Fynyn M'Owen had some title thereto, which lands were purchased by the petitioner's father, about 50 years past, of one Owen Diormed M'Donnell M'Cormick, the chief heir and landlord thereof, and his father died seised thereof. Enjoyed it quietly ever since without challenge of Fynyn M'Owen or any other.

Mr. Pelham having enjoyed those lands quietly these 17 or 18 years past without claim either from Lord Courcy or from Fynyn M'Owen in his lifetime or of any other until the petitioner's last trouble, it appears thereby that his adversaries but take advantage of his restraint to dispossess him of his inheritance.

Prays them to send letters to the Lord Deputy and Council of Ireland to see Mr. Pelham and his tenant, Captain Henry Skipwith re-established, in possession thereof, if he have been dispossessed, and to stay proceedings against petitioner till he can have liberty to look out his proofs to defend his right.

Signed: Flor. M'Carthy.

Ex. per W. Waad, Locum-ten. Turris.

P. 1.

511. Settlement of Fermanagh. [1607.] Carte Papers, vol. 61, p. 11.

A project for the disposing and settling of Fermanagh.

1. In Fermanagh there are seven baronies.

2. In every barony there are seven ballibetaghs and a half.

3. In every ballibetagh there are four quarters of land. So in every barony there are 30 quarters of land; and consequently in the seven baronies there are 210 quarters.

If then upon every quarter of land a rent or composition of 40s. sterling be reserved (whereof 26s. 8d. may be allowed to the chief Lord and 13s. 4d. to the King), it will amount to 60l. out of every barony, which makes 420l. out of all the seven baronies, for seven times three score makes three times seven score, which is 21 score, viz., 420l.

This rent or composition being divided into three equal parts, there will arise 140l. rent to each of the two chief Lords and 140l. rent to the King.

[This rent or composition carries a proportion with the rates of this country in former times, of other countries at this day.] (fn. 8)

The chief Lords in ancient time had a certain rent of 42 cows out of a barony, for Shane M'Hugh paid 21 cows for his half barony of Clanawley, and O'Flanigan paid 21 cows for the half barony of Turath, and the like was paid for Mayute, Feodachan, &c.

So that 42 cows, being valued at 26s. 8d. a cow, are not a less burthen upon a barony than three score pounds. And yet, if the chief Lord gave 40l. sterling out of a barony, he has a better revenue for his profit than when he had 42 cows.

As for the King, His Majesty has reserved a rent of 120 beeves upon old Coconaught Maguire's patent out of the whole country, but now His Majesty shall have 140l., which is no great increase.

Touching the rent, a composition raised to the King, though it seem little, yet, pro rata, it is greater than the composition of Connaught; for here the King has a mark out of a quarter, and in Connaught he has but 10s.

Besides, the composition rent arising out of the lesser shires of the Pale and in Munster do not exceed this proportion if we respect the quantity of the land; but if we respect the ability of the inhabitants, this country bears a far greater burthen than they.

Touching the division of the lands and the passing thereof by letters patent unto the inhabitants.

The two chief Lords may have several demesnes allotted unto them, viz., two demesnes to each of them, whereon they may be bound by a condition in their patents to build several castles. Couconnaght may name four ballibetaghs in demesne, paying a rent of 13s. 4d. out of every quarter according to the rate imposed upon the land in Monaghan; and Connor Roe may have three ballibetaghs in demesne, paying the same rent.

Of the 280l. rent reserved to the Lords, Couconnaght may have 160l. and Connor Roe 120l.

These demesnes and chief rents may be passed by letters patent unto them, with such provisions as are contained in the patents of the chief Lord in Monaghan.

For the other inferior gentleman and inhabitants, this course may be taken:—

Shane M'Hugh may have a patent for the half barony, rendering 40s. out of every quarter; and he may be bound to make such freeholds or leaseholds with such reservations as shall be thought fit. The like patent may be made to O'Flanigan, M'Manises, Brian M'Thomas, Brian Oge M'Guyre, and some two other chief gentlemen, such as shall be thought meet.

Pp. 4. Copy.

Omitted Papers.

512. Sir Arthur Chichester to Sir John Davys. (fn. 9) [Jan. 20.] Carte Papers, vol. 61, p. 169.

Warrant for fiant to accept a surrender from John King of the office of Clerk of the Crown in Chancery, in order to the making a new grant thereof to the said John King and Francis Edgeworth, and the longest liver of them.—Dublin Castle, 20 January 1606.

P. 1. Orig.

513. Sir Arthur Chichester to Sir John Davys. [Jan. 20.] Carte Papers, vol. 61, p. 173.

Warrant for fiant of a surrender by John King of the office of Clerk and Custos of the Hanaper of the Court of Chancery, in order to passing a new grant thereof to him and Francis Edgeworth, and the longest liver of them.—Dublin Castle, 20 January 1606.

P. 1. Orig.

Footnotes

  • 1. Printed in Mechan's Tyrone and Tyrconnell, pp. 244–6.
  • 2. Printed in Mechan's Tyrone and Tyrconnell, pp. 253–6.
  • 3. Flaithrí (Flaithri), Florence, pronounced Flārie.
  • 4. Printed in Mechan's Tyrone and Tyrconnell, pp. 207–25.
  • 5. Printed by Mechan, pp. 192–207.
  • 6. Pass.
  • 7. Infra, p. 398.
  • 8. Sir Arthur Chichester's handwriting since.
  • 9. This and the following article were accidentally omitted in their proper order.