Henry VIII: July 1544, 21-25 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 19 Part 1, January-July 1544. Originally published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1903.

'Henry VIII: July 1544, 21-25', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 19 Part 1, January-July 1544, (London, 1903) pp. 581-596. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol19/no1/pp581-596 [accessed 26 April 2024]

July 1544, 21-25



21 July.	954. The Council with the Queen to the Council with the King.
R. O.	This day received letters from the lord lieutenant of the North, with a letter from Wharton to him, and the copy of one from Wharton to Robert Maxwell, and Maxwell's answer thereto; all which the Queen wills them to send to the King, that further order may be taken touching the assurance which Maxwell desires. The King's goodness to Maxwell considered, they think him unworthy of the abstinence heretofore granted to him; but they forbear to make any answer therein until they know the King's pleasure. Hampton Court, 21 July 1544. Signed by Cranmer, Wriothesley, Hertford, Westminster and Petre.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
21 July.	955. Chapuys to Charles V.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 159 and 160.]	Upon his embarkation on the 18th inst., received the Emperor's letters of the 5th inst.; and next day, as commanded, represented to the King the great injury which the Emperor's subjects and their neighbours of Liege, &c., sustained by the men whom Landemberg had levied in his name, and the great instance made to the Queen Regent for recompense, because, upon her assurance, by letter, that the men would live honestly and pay reasonably, they were admitted; also that, besides the injury, it ill suited the Emperor to charge himself with the said footmen, having far more than he needed; and Chapuys reminded the King of the Emperor's charges last year against the common enemy, as well on this side as in Italy, besides the charge of Mons. de Buren's men and the army by sea, which had already been so long in this Strait without necessity, and might, if at liberty, have damaged the enemy and protected several ships both Flemish and Spanish which have this last month been taken in this Channel. The King answered no more than he has said before for his justification as to Landenberg, except that he added a new complaint, of the turn which Captain Frederick Spect had done him, on account of which he did not now intend, to use Landenberg's horsemen, as he had till lately purposed, being in doubt that the Duke of Holstein had recalled with threats the greater part of those whom Lictmac was bringing him. Chapuys then begged the King to say what might be written to the Emperor touching his advance, which it was more than requisite for the Emperor, who was marching in France, to know, and that for reasons discussed when the viceroy of Sicily was here. After reflection, he answered coldly that he could say no more than Chapuys saw and might have heard, viz., that most of his men had besieged Monstreul and the rest Boulogne. Told him that these enterprises would have been well undertaken two months ago, provided that there had been hope of their brief achievement; but, as he had been advised, it would be much more important to march forward without halting at any strong place, and it was upon trust of that that the Emperor was marching. He answered that there was no earthly way of marching forward without the capture of Monstreul, for otherwise it was impossible to get victuals for his army, which even at the very threshold of the Emperor's countries had suffered extreme want of victuals; and he hoped to achieve the said enterprises, although they might involve delay, to the great astonishment and loss of the French. Seeing his look and resolution, would not irritate him by putting forward the capitulation with the Viceroy, especially until he (Chapuys) had further sounded his intention. He seemed determined not to pass forward until the end of the said enterprises, after which (as Chapuys craftily elicited) he reckons to direct his army not towards Paris but rather towards Normandy, as a country more abundant and commodious for him in every way, especially having gained the nearest sea ports. On Chapuys' graciously repeating the above persuasions to march according to the capitulation, the King changed the unpleasant subject by intimating that the French were hotly renewing (rechauffoyent fort) the practice of peace, making him very great offers, such as to pay all his due and his present expenses at reasonable terms, and give hostages for the observance of this, which were no small offers. Answered that they seemed very small, since nothing of his claim and of the countries detained from him was offered, and that, as he knew best, these practices were meant only to put distrust between the Emperor and him; and 'he' (the French king) had no wish for peace, since, as the King said, he spoke not of any offer to the Emperor. The King said that he believed that, when the French knew that he would not treat without the consent and satisfaction of the Emperor, they would condescend to make some reasonable offer to his Majesty, and it would not be a bad thing to hear it and condescend thereto "a bonne condition." Replied as formerly when told of the offer of the duchy of Guienne, adding that in the past there was no assurance in any hostages, as was seen when the sons of France were in hostage. He said that the said sons were given because of extreme necessity, namely for their father's deliverance, who could not otherwise escape out of prison. On Chapuys's telling him that the king of France might have been free without giving the said hostages, by surrendering the duchy of Burgundy which he unjustly occupied from the Emperor, the King confessed that he had never heard of that particular. On his going on to say that for a long time there would be no need for fear if the king of France came to pay him his due, Chapuys pointed out how easy it would nevertheless be for the king of France to trouble all Christendom; and, although during his life the king of France could not give him much trouble, the French saw that the league between the Emperor and him was hereditary and therefore wished to break it in order that, upon the decease of one of the parties, they might conveniently harass the successors, and if he were to die (renoit a deffaillir) deprived of the amity of the Emperor and his people, it would be an easy thing for the French, with the intelligence of the Scots, to do irreparable hurt to his countries on both sides of the sea. Thereupon he said that on his side the amity would remain perpetual and that he had no mind to listen to the French without the knowledge, consent and satisfaction of the Emperor, as he had always told them. He named none of the agents (demeneurs) of such practises; and Chapuys believes it an invention, for the King would not have deferred revealing the authors. The Emperor can judge what such language means. Chapuys then said that, although the treaty spoke of continuing the war at least for four months, he was sure that such incredible preparations were not for so small a time, and that the King wanted neither will, nor men, nor money to continue it as long as necessary; he would, however, beg to know the determination therein, in order that he might advertise the Emperor to make corresponding provision. The King answered coldly enough, that he knew not that which must be guided according as God gave health at the camp and commodity of victuals, and that, upon urgent occasion arising, it would at any time be fitting to retire. Thinks these reasons alleged rather for excuse in case he should come to retire within the said four months than for anything else, he showing little warmth for prolonging the time. However, success may sufficiently incite him to the necessary continuation; of which Chapuys would have great doubt if affairs did not succeed as he desired, and especially for the reason heretofore written to the Emperor. Well informed men think that he has no great abundance of it (money?).
	Two days ago arrived here two lords of Scotland, (fn. n1) the chief being called Milord Fift. They come to offer themselves to the King; and it is said that in Scotland all is confusion, and the Cardinal withdrawn to one of his benefices and scarcely troubling himself with the government. Calais, 21 July, 1544.
	P.S.—At finishing the above, the Sieur de Courrieres, with letters from the Queen, arrived here, and was, this after-dinner, gently received by the King, who took very well the congratulations of the Emperor and the Queen upon his landing here. Being certified by Chapuys and others, of the King's decision to go to his camp near Boulogne and further as affairs should permit, De Courrieres avoided repeating the persuasions to remain here. As to the other point, the acceleration of his army, the King said only, in passing, that the enterprises of Montreul and Boulogne achieved, he would not only march his army forward but go himself; repeating divers times to De Courrieres and Chapuys that he expected brief issue of the said enterprises, for his men wrote that they had already made a good beginning at both places, and it was said here (although the news was not certain) that Monstreul was taken, and at any rate this popular bruit might be taken as presage of its taking, the hope of which is increased because Du Biez has left it, and where he has gone is not known. The artillery had already damaged a great tower overlooking the sea at Boulogne, and had also damaged the castle, although the French boasted that artillery could not hurt it. He was sorry that the French had burnt Base Boulogne; but, instead of the houses, he would put tents there for part of his army, where they could not be harmed by the town. He feels sure of taking the two towns; and says that his soldiers before Boulogne are only sorry that the sea is not guarded to prevent the men of war escaping with their baggage (besoingnes) by sea. Never saw him more joyous; he could hardly show it more if he had certain news of the capture of the said places. Thinks his joy increased by the news that Landemberg's horsemen were coming to serve him willingly. He proposed that, to avoid expense, half the army by sea might be withdrawn, viz. 1,000 of the Emperor's [men] and 1,000 of his, as there was no appearance that the French had prepared an army by sea. Commended this, saying that they thought that the Emperor would not refuse him (ne le denireroit, qu denieroit?) either that or a greater thing, Calais, 21 July 1544.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original at Vienna (of which all but the P.S. is in cipher) pp. 7. Original endd.: Receues au camp devant St. Desir, le xxix^e dud. mois 1544.
21 July.	956. De Courrieres to the Queen of Hungary.
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 166.]	Arrived at Calais yesterday, at dinner, but the King would not give him audience until today, at 4 p.m.; when he was well received and commanded to thank the Queen for the recommendations he made on the Emperor's behalf and hers. Hearing, from the ambassador Chappuis and others, that the King had decided to go to his camp before Boulogne, said nothing to make him abide here. The bruit is that he will depart hence on Thursday next for Boulogne, which is besieged by the Duke of Suffolk. The King hopes to take it, but the writer fears that that will not be so soon as he thinks, for it has long had the name of being very strong and those within have doubtless decided to hold it, for they have already burnt Base Bouloign, like men of war. Represented to the King that it would be well to march his army into France, otherwise the Emperor's army might bear the brunt (porter les frais) because the 36 ensigns of Swiss were already passed;— at which he was astonished. There is no news that Monstreul is yet much oppressed. Hears, however, that a mine is being made there. God grant that it succeed—and that soon, for, until then, he sees no appearance of making this army march further. But the King has told them that when that is achieved he will move his army forward into France, and spare therein neither his own person nor all his power. Finds him very heavy for going very far, and would doubt that if he had Boulogne he would have in part what he desires. Will do all he can to make the army march after the success of Monstreul, according to the capitulation with the viceroy of Sicily; but fears that they will not so soon have the end that they think at Monstreul, as may be learnt better from the Comte de Roeulx than here. The King says he has news that Du Biez is gone out from Monstreul, but knows not why.
	The King thanks her for the 300 wagons which she has granted him, and especially for the licence to his commissioners to seek them throughout the country. The King declared his opinion that the Emperor and he should keep but 1,000 men each upon the sea, who would be strong enough to guard the coast, and spare the expense of the others; and this the Ambassador and the writer approved. Begs her to write her pleasure therein. The Ambassador would much desire to be recalled from hence, because of the King's early departure. Calais, 21 (fn. n2) July 1544.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original at Vienna, pp. 2.
21 July.	957. Suffolk and Others to the Council with the King.
R. O.	Require them to call the treasurer of Calais to explain why the 200 pioneers for whom money was delivered to him have not been sent hither, "considering the lack that we have of them, and that this is the place where they should be"; and to send them, hither with all diligence. Camp before Bullen, 21 July. Signed by Suffolk, St. John, Gage, and Browne.
	P.S.—Whereas Paget wrote that the King was informed that certain of Suffolk's men had entered Basse Bullen; this forenoon, between 9 and 10 o'clock, certain men entered and "recovered the same with the loss of one man and hurt of another, and slew and hurt divers Frenchmen." A sufficient number is appointed for its sure keeping, and it is as safe as any place in the camp, and lodgings are there ready for my lord Admiral or any other.
	Pp. 2. Add. Endd.
21 July.	958. Norfolk, Russell and Cheyney to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Yesterday returned their convoy with the money sent to them from Sir Ric. Ryche, high treasurer of the wars, and from Stephen Vaughan, by Dymmock, with the report of Henry's arrival at Calais; to their great joy, as the news will be to the "astonyment" of the enemies and the advancement of affairs here. Although the enemies, after their accustomed fashion brag that Henry will neither obtain Boleyne nor this town, we trust they will be deceived, for when the trenches are made and we begin battery, we hope to make them not so brave, "as they are more in their words than they have yet showed in any great deeds." Montreull, 21 July. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Sealed. Endd.: 1544.
21 July.	959. Carne to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., x. 2.	Being with the Queen to solicit the diligent setting forward of the carriages towards Calais, she said that, where, on the 15th, he moved her, in the King's affairs, to give no great credence to President Score (who, as Henry perceived, bare no great affection thereto), she forgot to make as full answer as she would have done had she not been vexed about the carriages; but now she desired Henry to be advertised that there is no officer of the Emperor or of her but is as ready to serve Henry as to serve the Emperor, and she could never perceive any such untowardness in Score. Replied that there had been difficulty in granting things which Henry had bought and paid for. She said that Henry's subjects, having suits here, had been answered by the President as their ordinances require, even as their subjects have been by Henry's Council; but, once known that a thing was for the King, there was no stay made. She prays Henry to have no such opinion of the President; and has charged Mons. Currere (now ambassador from hence to him) to declare the like. She cries out that Landenberghe's horsemen in Liege handle the peasants very evil. Told her that Henry's commissary would take order therein ere long. Can hear of no news (since he last wrote) from the Emperor's camp at St. Degeyr in Campayn. Carynion in Pewmont is rendered to the Frenchmen; and the cardinal of Farare and count of Myrandula gather men in Italy for the French king.
	On the 20th received a letter from the Council concerning Henry's arrival at Calais on the 18th, which he forthwith declared to the Queen. Describes how she expressed her pleasure thereat, and opinion that Henry's subjects were fortunate "to have such a jewel for them" as he is. She was glad that her commissaries' declaration gave satisfaction, whom Henry might retain there as long as he pleased, and would do her utmost both for him and the Emperor. Upon his return from Court, arrived Francis the courier with the Council's letter of the 19th, concerning the minishing of the armies by sea; which, as soon as the Queen had dined, he declared to her. She said that she perceived the same by the Admiral of these parts and would answer after speaking with her Council. Upon his showing that Henry intended to depart towards his camp on Tuesday, (fn. n3) she besought God to send him health and prosperity, saying that the Emperor would that he should nowise incur any danger of his health, but she knew his magnanimity to be such that he would go forward. In the evening she sent answer by Score and Skyperus that she would consent to withdraw 1,000 men for the Emperor's part, Henry doing the like, and leave the other 1,000 with their navy to keep the Narrow Seas; and would also agree that, not only the 1,000 but such number as the treaty requires should return upon advertisement of preparations by the Frenchmen or other by sea. As for their "return upon an imminent necessity," if that meant "return suddenly" she could perceive no commodity therein, as they should be driven to keep their soldiers always ready. She said there was no news from the Emperor's camp but that the Prince of Orange is hurt with a gun in the shoulder, but, she trusted, not dangerously. (This morning came news that he is dead.) She had learnt from Mons. de Rue that the Dolphin comes down thitherward to stop the victualling of Henry's army. Bruxells, 21 July. Signed.
	Pp. 4. Add. Endd.: 1544.
21 July.	960. Carne to the Council with the King.
R. O.	On the 17th inst. the Queen here sent commissions to take up 305 wagons in Brabant, Flaunders, Henawde, Artoys and Namewre, to be at Calays on the 25th inst. With the Queen's commissary, Carne appointed George Gylpyn, who was steward of household with the late ambassador (fn. n4) that died here; and Stephen Vachan at Andwarp delivered him 3,000 cr. to disburse to such as the Queen's commissary appoints to pay the officers conducting the wagons to Calais, who will there deliver their acquittances for it to Sebastian Brugoys, heretofore appointed with Francis Hall about the 1,000 wagons granted at Hall's suit here, or to the said Hall. Particulars will be seen by Gelpyn's book sent herewith. This morning the Queen despatched letters commendatory to the bp. of Liege, desiring him to cause his subjects to send carriages to Calais; and Ralph Salisburye is gone to see them conveyed, and has received money, for which he will account at Calais. Bruxelles, 19 July.
	On the 20th inst. received theirs of the 18th, by Mr. Wotton's servant, with copy of the declaration made there by the Queen's commissioners, and the other of the 19th by Francis the courier. Has had the answer thereto, which appears in his letter to the King. "They doubted here much about this clause 'that upon an imminent necessity they may again return,'" saying that if it meant "return out of hand "they would be driven to keep their men and ships always ready, as at present, but if it meant "upon advertisement of that necessity to prepare with as much diligence as may be," the Queen would gladly agree thereto in the Emperor's behalf. Carne said he could not undertake to interpret the Council's mind therein, but was sure the King meant it after such reasonable sort as might benefit the Emperor. The Queen ends every communication by marvelling that Landeberge's horsemen in Liege land are not despatched, but lie doing no service, and yet will have their wages, and are eating up the country, while she can hear nothing of the King's commissary therein, meaning Mr. Fane. Bruxelles 21 July. Signed.
	Pp. 3. Add. Endd.: 1544.
R. O.	2. "Money delivered out by me, George Gylpyn, by the commission of Sir Edward Caerne, ambassador for the King's Majesty in the Basse Countries, for the furniture of wagons to serve the King's highness."
	Showing dates and details of payments to seven persons (including Raffell Salysbury) for provision of wagons at Monse and Busslen, at Brayne, Bewmounte, Mabowge and Syney, at Andwerpe, at Ath and Lyle, at Nammure, in the land of Luke and at Arras and Bethune. Signed: Per me George Gylpyn.
	In Gylpyn's hand, pp. 2.
21 July.	961. Carne to the Council with the Queen.
R. O.	On the 19th, received theirs of the 16th, requiring the soliciting of a passport for Gundenfinger, the King's servant, for 300 "demy haakes" and 60 small pieces for horsemen provided by him; which the Lady Regent has granted. Is to have it this day and will send it to Vaughan at Andewarpe to deliver to Gundenfinger's factor. Occurrents here are none; for since the taking of Lynee is no news from the Emperor's camp, but that the Emperor is at the siege of St. Degier in Campain and the prince of Orenge slain there with a gun. Bruxells, 21 July. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: To, etc., "Counsaill resident in London." Sealed. Endd.: 1544.
[22] July.	962. Queen Katherine Parr to Sir Ralph Evers.
Add. MS. 32,655, f. 127. B. M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 288.	Perceives by his letters to Shrewsbury the victory he has lately had upon the King's enemies in Scotland and, being appointed Regent in the King's absence, is comforted to perceive the towardness of his ministers. Thanks him and requires him to give her thanks to all who served in the late journey.
	Draft. pp. 4. Endd.: A mynute from the Quene to Sir Raff Eure. July, 1544.
22 July.	963. The Council with the Queen to Shrewsbury.
Add. MS. 32,655, f. 106. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 287.	The Queen, understanding by Sir Ralph Eure's letters to him (which he forwarded) the good exploits done by Sir Ralph and others, sends the Hamilton enclosed letter of thanks to be delivered to them. As to the Scottish herald, the King in answering the former letters signified upon what conditions he would grant safe-conduct to ambassadors. Shrewsbury shall therefore detain the herald, open his letters and learn his credence and advertise the Queen, who will then make further answer. Doubts not but that he will take order for the sure keeping of the laird of Farnehurst and his son. Hampton Court, 22 July 1544.
	Draft by Petre, p. 1. Endd.: Mynute to th'erle of Shrewsbury, xxij^o Julii a^o 1544.
22 July.	964. Suffolk and Others to the Council with the King.
R. O.	Have this morning viewed the ground, which they think meet for the King and his company to lie in, in safeguard, with good air and water and fuel. Thence, in five or six days, they will make a way by which the King may come in surety to view all that is done. Desire to have 500 or 600 pioneers from about the Pale sent hither with their spades and shovels, for eight or ten days; also to have all shovels and spades that can be got sent hither, and 2,000 or 3,000 sent for to England; for men's hands must now do the chief thing that is to be done. Beg to know whether the King keeps his resolution to come tomorrow, so that Sir Ant. Browne may meet him, with as many horses as may be spared, at Sandefelde. Desire them to remind the King that they may have 200 pioneers from the lord Privy Seal, and to hasten the mortars. I, Sir Ant. Browne, marvel that "ye, my lord Admiral," do not certify the King's pleasure "concerning his mulettes, what time I should send them." And albeit ye, my lord of Winchester, have shown the King that there was no lack of victuals here, "it is not so; not doubting but ye will, my lord, foresee that it may be so from henceforth." From the camp anempst Bullen, 22 July. Signed by Suffolk, St. John, Gage and Browne. (Below the signatures, at the foot of the page, is the name "Walter Orbes" in another hand.)
	Pp. 3. Add.: Endd.: 1544.
22 July.	965. Russell to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Wrote on Thursday last of the besieging of this town; which is not yet so well as he would it were, but goes forward somewhat better than it did, as Jeronimo can show. The gates are not closed up, save one; so that they of the town may always have relief, as they daily have. Heading gate is closed and Abdvilde gate will be so by Saturday night; but Bulloigne gate and the Water gate are open. After closing Abdvilde gate they intend to turn down with a new trench and break in through the old wall, along which they will make their "moignes." Will raise two mountes higher than any in the town, whereby to beat their mountes and plattformes. This town stands in a pleasant country and good air. Begs the King to send someone of experience to view it, who may come from Bulloigne, being besieged, with a small escort. "I have found your Majesty a true prophet in those things your Majesty declared unto me at my departing; nevertheless, the things go somewhat better forward, and trust shalbe so much the better through your Majesty's sending hither." Camp at the siege at Mounstrell, 22 July. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add. Endd.: 1544.
22 July.	966. Russell to Paget.
R. O.	Thanks for his gentle letters and "those good news," which he has shown to Norfolk and Mr. Treasurer, who thank him for them. Continue forcing the trenches towards the town; and trust, by Saturday next, to enterprise other ways. Went yesterday to a town called Staples, where they captured divers men that came out of Bolloigne and Arde; who confess that in Arde is great scarcity of bread, and only wine to drink and not much of that, so that it is as well besieged as if 10,000 men lay before it. Begs him to write again and to recommend Russell to all his friends and fellows in the Court. Written in the camp at the siege of Mounstrell, 22 July.
	P.S.—Encloses letters for the King. This night, about 8 o'clock, in setting the watch, had the hottest alarm yet given them by the Frenchmen, at the end of the trench which is almost up to Abdvylde gate. Divers were slain on both sides; and young Cheyney, Mr. Treasurer's son, "was stryken with a hakabousier in besides hys huccle boone, and so into the flancke, by reason whereof his guttes do come owte, and is in greate jeoperdie of deathe, as the surgeons saye, albehit they say the best for his comforte." Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add.: chief secretary. Endd.: 1544.
23 July.	967. Queen Katharine Parr to ———
Vesp. F. iii. 17. B. M. Dugdale's Monasticon, iv. 392.	Desires his favour for Henry Webbe, gentleman usher of her privy chamber, to whom the King had intended to grant the house and demesnes of the nunnery of Hallywell, at the surrender, but means were found to defeat him, so that he had only the house, chambers and certain gardens, amounting to 6l. a year. Since then he has been in suit for the purchase of the whole, and has had the particulars long time in his custody. Hampton Court, 23 July, 36 [Hen. VIII.]. Signed: Kateryn the Quene Regente, K.P.
	P. 1.
23 July.	968. Henry VIII. to Queen of Hungary.
	The letter noticed under this date in the Spanish Calendar, Vol. vii. No. 162, seems to be that of 18 July. See No. 930.
23 July.	969. Shrewsbury and Others to the Queen and Council.
Add. MS. 32,655, f. 107. B. M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 290.	Enclose letters from Wharton with others to him from Glencarn and a letter from Cassells to Brunstone in cypher with the copy (as Glencarn writes). Wrote that they had sent for the laird of Fernyeherst and his son. The letters herewith show "in what case he is." Will take order for his son according to their former letters.
	Shrewsbury has received letters from the Council with copies of a letter and instructions for taking of musters and preservation of order throughout the realm, and has accordingly taken order within the limits of his commission. He has also received proclamations touching denizens, addressed to the sheriffs of the counties; and will send them out. He has also received and caused to be delivered certain other letters addressed to lord Stafforde, lady Conyers and others. Darneton, 23 July 1544. Signed by Shrewsbury, Tunstall and Sadler.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
23 July.	970. Suffolk to Henry VIII.
R. O.	This afternoon at 6 o'clock I received a letter from the Privy Council requiring me to send my lord Chamberlain to your Majesty this night or tomorrow morning. As it is too late for him to go tonight he shall be with you tomorrow morning very early. I beg you not to take him hence, for "he is here one of my hands and the man whose painful and hardy service all manner ways cannot be here well forborne; and for all things concerning the victuals my lord of Winchester can despatch the same [much] better than here, if it may so stand [with your] Gr[ace's] pleasure." If your Majesty knew what a lack I should have of him you would not take him hence. Signature very faded.
	P. 1. Slightly mutilated. Add. Endd.: The duke of Suff. to the King's Ma^te, xxiij. Julii 1544.
23 July.	971. Carne to the Council with the King.
R. O.	This day, at the hour of 12, arrived Ralph Salysburye, who was sent with the Queen's commissary to the bp. of Liege, to obtain wagons for the King's army, to the number of 100 if possible. He brings answer that he can have none; for the Bishop alleges that, not having yet made his entry, (fn. n5) the officers will not obey him nor grant any thence "for Queen nor for the Bishop." No more can be looked for than the 305, which shall come to Calais with speed, directed to Mr. Hall in the absence of the Queen's commissary Sebastyan, who is at St. Omer. Advertises this, having the "opportunity to send by Mr. Laighton." Bruxells, 23 July. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.: 1544.
23 July.	972. Vaughan to Paget.
R. O.	His wife has written that Mr. Tuke will allow him no more diets without a new warrant. Lying here at great charge, begs Paget's suit to the King and otherwise, that he may have his old warrant continued or else a new made. At his last coming out of Almain he was at home but 5 days, and then returned with Paget into these parts; which 5 days now stay the payment of his diets. Has no money but what he takes up by exchange at great loss. His wife writes that she has received the four pieces of linen cloth he sent Paget, but not till the 13th inst., the ship lacking wind. Andwerp, 23 July.
	If Mr. Chamberleyn is not otherwise occupied, would be glad of his help here in the King's affairs.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Sealed. Endd.
24 July.	973. Ric. Whethill to John Johnson.
R. O.	24 July 1544, in Calais.—Commendations to you and Mr. Cave and your wives. After Johnson left Antwerp the writer went into Holland, partly for pleasure and partly for Cornelis Watzon, from whom, however, he cannot recover all debts. "Cornelis Janson van Skeynghen is bancqrot[e], by whome Mr. Judde is in daunger to loose 105l. st. and Jno.......20[0]li st., the more pytye. I dowt ther wilbe small...........albeyt he is posted thither. At my retourne to And[warpe out o]f those partyes I rec. yours of the 21 of the last perceyving [your pay]nes for me taken, of the wiche I am right glad. Forsomyche as...........prise and purpoose goyth not forwarde this waye by reason.........hereafter they will practyse a meane myche more..........dyscomodyte, forsomyche as they have begonne and ther servauntes.....wayes ende." Addressed the parcels for Johnson and Mr. Cave to Mr. Withers at London, viz. a 2 lb. box of comfettes, a ream of fine Lions paper, ½ doz. brushes and 1 doz. "cusshens." For lack of time left the commission for your brother's gun with Robt. Andrewe at Andwerp. At Bruges the enclosed letter for you was given me by Victor Meawe. Bearer will tell news. Trusts to see him shortly in London.
	Pp. 2. Mutilated. Add.
24 July.	974. The Council with the King to Norfolk.
R. O. St. P., x. 11.	The King has received his letters and heard those he wrote the Council, and answers that, as Norfolk cannot spare any pioneers, he shall send as many miners as he may, and also send Jeronimo. Touching the Daulphin's coming to levy your siege with an army of Switzers, Almains and Italians, the King thinks it only a bruit to stop the siege of Bulloyn; and trusts, if he do come, to teach him "his duty to his godfather." If it is to cut off victuals from you, the King would know your opinion whether it is not best to change the staple from St. Omer's to Gravelyn, and carry the victuals thence by Calais and the camp at Bulloyn to your camp, and would have you consider the ways between Bulloyn and Mutterel. As for Mons. de Bures' entertainment, he is there to serve the Emperor and doubtless has a good allowance from his master; but, considering the good report of him, the King will allow him such wages as he does Norfolk. At his coming to his camp on Saturday, for tomorrow he is to lie at Merguson, the King will determine the wages of all the officers. John Dymmok is arrived here desiring an acquittance for the money which he and young Lock brought you. Please cause the treasurers who received the money to write to me, Sir Richard Riche, what they received, and I will send an acquittance to Mr. Vaughan, "for it is reason that they which have delivered have an acquittance of the same accordingly."
	Draft in Paget's hand, pp. 2. Endd.: Mynute from the Couns. to my 1. of Norff., xxiiij July 1544.
24 July.	975. Suffolk to Henry VIII.
R. O.	This morning at 10 o'clock came Mons. de Vandon's trumpet with two letters (herewith), one addressed to me from the Duke his master and the other addressed "to Saynt Ma[rtyn] from a g[entlem]an whose name yo^r High[ness] may perceive by the said letter." Stays the trumpet till he knows what to answer. Camp beside Bullayne, 24 July. Signed.
	P. 1. Injured by damp. Add. Endd.: The duke of Suff. to Mr. Secr. Mr. Paget, xxiiij^o Julii 1544.
24 July.	976. Norfolk, Russell and Cheyney to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., x. 9.	Have now made their trenches to within the level of a demy-hake from Abvylle Gate and intend, as soon as possible, to make a mount near that gate and another adjoining the lord Privy Seal's camp, as advised by the expert men here. Find this town so ill to approach that they dare not assure him of winning it. Beg him to send one or two to advise them and to report what is done here. Yesterday Mons. de Bewrs and the rest of that company desired Norfolk to write to Henry either to come hither in person, leaving only 8,000 or 10,000 at Bullen, or else tarry at Calais or Guysnes and send hither all the army save 10,000 or 12,000. They say that, this town being won, Bullen and Arde cannot hold; and that, unless this army is reinforced, the Dolphin, camping between this and St. Omer's, will levy our siege by cutting off victuals. We see perfectly that if the French camp were there we should be forced to levy our siege unless furnished from your camp at Bullen; and if we might have weekly 120 or 140 tun of beer from Bullen we could make shift for other victuals. If your Majesty would cause Hardelowe castle to be taken and garrisoned we would take and garrison three or four other other castles between this and Bullen; and then the "paysones" who keep the forests and woods might be driven out by the Irishmen in your battle and this army. From the camp before Monstrell, 24 July. Signed.
	In cipher, pp. 3. Endd.
R. O.	2. Contemporary decipher of the above.
	Pp. 2.
24 July.	977. Wotton to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., x. 5.	After the first assault our men have shot no more and given the enemies leisure to make up the breach. The cause is lack of gunstones. At first coming hither we had flesh enough and lacked bread, now we have bread and lack flesh; and ere we are six miles further we shall have neither flesh nor bread. As for drink, this summer is not so dry but that Marne will serve us till we come to Seine. We have begun to undermine, and raise a mound of earth, and will shortly give another assault in three places; but it will be a dear bought town considering the number of men lost, especially "that noble Prince." (fn. n6)
1544.	Italians here have news that Barbarossa meant to fortify Port Hercule, but changed his purpose and departed towards Tunyse, from whence an ambassador of the new king (who deposed his father and put out his eyes) came for him. By the way, he spoiled the little islands of Ischia and Procida, by Naples, and carried off 1,500 Christians; but at Puzzolo he was beaten off by 500 Spaniards and the townsmen. Shortly afterwards news reached Naples that he had lost 14 galleys in a storm and had four taken by Signor Giannettino de Auria. So many oars and boards were found swimming in the Gulf about Salerne that it is thought that most of his navy is lost. For fear of him the viceroy of Naples gathered men. The Bishop of Rome also made men, probably doubting what the viceroy would do. Petre Strozza, who brought his company through the duchy of Myllan in the red cross and the marquis of Guasto's livery, is gone again to Mirandula to make men, and has taken those which the Bishop of Rome dismissed, or else, as some say, received such as the Bishop gathered for the French king. Pirrhus Columna yielded Carignano, 22 June, upon conditions (given), which the Spaniards and Almains say that the French king has broken. The cardinal of Ferrara is still at Rome and handles his matters very secretly. He sent one Cavalcanti to Venice and tarried his return; and from Rome goes to Ferrara to tarry a while with his brother. If the French Italians had not lost the field of late the Bishop of Rome would have declared against the Emperor. The duke of Cameryn whom he sent in post to the Emperor was delayed by carrying the red hat to the bp. of Trente, but is now at Metz awaiting escort as the ways are not sure. A post of the Emperor's was lately taken that way and stripped naked. Feared much for a while that it was one sent from Henry. The voice goes that the French king has been very sick and is little amended; and that La Lande, who was wounded at the assault, died next day. The count of Sanxerre (who was in Hesdin when Norfolk besieged it) is in this town, but not Tavanes. The Frenchmen seek to convey horsemen and footmen into the town because many of the garrison are hurt. The French king has declared the counts of Brienne and Roucy traitors for yielding Ligny. Mons. de Tynteville, otherwise called Eschene, who was sent to Ligny to assist the said counts, returned to Mons. de Longueval at St. Digier and showed that it was not defensible; but Longueval answered that the King wished it kept, so he went back. The Emperor hearing that certain horsemen were coming to convey 600 Italians into St. Digier, sent out yesternight 3,000 horsemen and 5,000 or 6,000 footmen towards Vitry, a town of Partois, upon Marne, 4 or 5 leagues hence. They went all night and in the morning met the enemy coming out of Vitry, 4 or 5 ensigns of Frenchmen and 800 Italians or Corses of Corsica, under Sainctpiero Corso, chief captain of the French king's Italians, and Jehan de Turyn, with 400 horsemen under Mons. de Nevers. Those men were discomfited and our men followed them into Vitry and took it; and although the horsemen ran away it is thought that they cannot escape Don Francisco de Est and Duke Moryce. Vitry, although not well fortified, is important to the Emperor, who now has the river Marne at his command unto Chalons. Sainctpiero Corso was appointed to go to Rosne against Henry's army, but would needs succour St. Digier first. About 1,200 of the enemies were taken or slain. Count Guyllame shall tarry at Vitry and the rest proceed, perhaps to Chalons. This night Montbardon goes to Vitry with the Emperor's mind. A gentleman of Flanders, named Mons. de Halewyne, was slain with an arquebuse. Written at the siege of Sainct Digier, 24 July 1544. Signed.
	Pp. 6. Partly in cipher. Add. Endd.
R. O.	2. Contemporary decipher of the ciphered portion of the above.
	P. 1.
24 July	978. Wotton to Paget.
R. O.	We lie, still, before Seinct Digier looking for a fair day, for "we have had so much rain and such cloudy days that we can scant see the sun once a day to look by our dials what it is o'clock." It is, however, better than if it were hot. The Frenchmen hide in the woods round; and daily we lose men and carts. The duke of Guise lately sent a trumpet hither, who bragged that the duke of Orleans was coming with 20,000 footmen and 10,000 horsemen; but a Spaniard paid him home with a Spanish answer, viz., that he believed it, and that the Emperor knew it and "had prepared certain boys to meet him and fight with him lest he should complain to be overmatched." I pray that our letters may go safe, for one of the Emperor's posts has been "met withal." I have sent divers letters to Nycolles, secretary of the English nation at Andwerpe, not knowing whether the King has any ambassador there or whether the Governor is at Andwerpe. Pray see Nycolles repaid for any money he may lay out in conveying them. Last night, about midnight, the Emperor and his men of arms rode forth, upon an inkling that the Frenchmen would convey more men into the town, but returned, after five or six hours, without finding the enemies. Camp before Saint Digier, 24 July 1544. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add.: To, etc., Sir William Pagett, knight, one of the King's Majesty's two principal secretaries. Endd.
25 July.	979. Queen Katharine to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., x. 12.	Letters from the Council, dated at Calais 23rd inst., inform her of his good health and the prosperous beginning of his affairs, for which she thanks God. The Council here have ordered 40,000l. to be on Monday next conveyed to him by Clement Higham, appointed thereto by the high treasurer of the wars; for the sure wafting of which to Calais it may please him to take order. Here they will be diligent to advance to him, against the beginning of next month, as much money as possible. Where, by the Council's said letters, 4,000 men are to be put ready at one hour's warning, the lords of the Council here, who had already ordered the general musters throughout the realm, have eftsoons written to the commissioners in parts near the sea most meet to have men transported from to hasten their certificates, upon receipt whereof order shall be taken. The Prince and the rest of his children are well. Hampton Court, 25 July 36 Hen. VIII.
	P.S. in her own hand.—Feels bound to advertise him of the diligence of his Councillors here. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add. Sealed. Endd.
	^*^ A facsimile of this letter will be found in "Facsimiles of National MSS.," Pt. 2, No. 34.
25 July.	980. Queen Katharine to the Council with the King.
R. O.	Thanks for the joyful news, in their letters of the 23rd inst., of the King's health and the good beginning of success of his affairs there. Touching the other contents of their letters, has written at length to the King. Hampton Court, 25 July 36 Hen. VIII. Signed at the head.
	P. 1. Add.: To, &c., the Counsail attendant on my lord the King's Ma^tes most noble person. Endd.
25 July.	981. The Council with the Queen to the Council with the King.
R. O.	We understand by your letters dated Calyce 23rd inst., and your other letters to the Queen, the King's health and the fortunate beginning of his weighty affairs there. The Queen has presently written to the King of the 40,000l. which shall be sent forward from London, on Monday next, by Clement Higham. Please take order for the wafting of it. We have ordered the 4,000 men to be put ready and caused 2,000 shovels and spades to be despatched to you. Whilst writing this, we received letters from my lord Lieutenant of the North, with certain letters from the lord Wharton and Sir Ralph Evre, which, being shown to the Queen, we send herewith. Hampton Court, 25 July 1544.
	We have ordered 10 fodder of lead to be now sent you. Signed by Cranmer, Wriothesley, Hertford, Westminster and Petre.
	P. 1. Faded. Add. Endd.: "The Counsail attendant upon the Quenes Grace to the Counsail, xxv^o Julii 1544."
25 July.	982. The Council with the Queen to ————.
R. O.	Where it pleased the King to address to you letters for speedy taking of general musters within that county of ———(blank) and making certificate according to the commission and instructions sent therefore, we have since been instructed to obtain the certificates with all possible diligence. The Queen, general regent of the realm during his Majesty's absence, requires you, all other matters set apart, to call to you the justices of peace and others named in the said commission and see the musters taken and certificate made within ———— (blank) days from this date. Signed by Cranmer, Wriothesley, Hertford, Westminster and Petre.
	Draft, pp. 2. Endd.: Minute from the Counsaill to gentlemen in every shire for hasting of musters, xxv^o Julii 1544.
25 July. Lansd. MS. 155, f. 319b. B. M.	2. Later draft in which 12 days is the time limited for the return of the certificates.
	Modern copy, p. 1.
25 July.	983. Brundish Chantry.
R. O. Rymer, xv. 67.	Surrender by Wm. bp. of Norwich and John Pierson keeper or chaplain of the chantry ("ecclesie cantarie" but in the later clauses simply "cantarie") at the altar of St. Mary in the church of St. Andrew of Brundisshe, Suff., of the said chantry, the house called the Chauntry House in Brundish, and all possessions of the chantry in Brundish, Tatyngton, Denyngton, and Wilbey, and elsewhere in co. Suff., the advowson and patronage of the chantry, and all appurtenances. 25 July 36 Henry VIII. Signed [See Report VIII. of D. Keeper of Public Records, App. ii, 12].
	Two Seals, both good. Subscribed by Sampson Michell, clk., as acknowledged before him 28 July.
	Enrolled [Cl. Roll, p. 5, No. 36] as acknowledged, 28 July, before the King in Chancery.
Close Rollp. 5. No. 37.Rymer, xv. 68.	2. Surrender (in consideration of the above) by Ric. Fulmerston of Thetford, patron of the said chantry, of all his right and claim to the same. 2 Aug. 36 Hen. VIII.
	Acknowledged 19 Aug. before the King in Chancery.
25 July.	984. Shrewsbury and Others to the Queen and Council.
Add. MS. 32,655, f. 109. B. M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 291.	Enclose letters and advertisements received from lords Eure and Wharton; also a copy of the answer which they think meet to be made by Wharton to Robert Maxwell's letters. Darneton, 25 July 1544. Signed by Shrewsbury, Tunstall and Sadler.
	P. 3. Add. Endd.
25 July.	985. Shrewsbury to Wharton.
Add. MS. 32,655, f. 111. B. M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 291 (1).	Received his letters of 23 July with Robert Maxwell's letter to him. He should answer Maxwell that he has no commission to grant him assurance to a day prefixed, like the 15th Aug., and, albeit the King knows both his father's and his practices to hinder his Majesty's affairs in Scotland, yet, to prove them once again, his Highness has commanded Wharton to grant assurance as long as his deeds show him to be the King's friend and he concurs with Lenoux and other friends for the advancement of the King's affairs; his proceedings will be the greatest help for his father's relief, not his words, and therefore he should show himself forward to advance the King's affairs, and so purchase favour both for himself and his father.
	As Wharton will now have somewhat to do in taking musters and executing the King's pleasure shown in the letters herewith, he should forbear coming hither until a better opportunity. Begs him to cause the other letters herewith, for the Westmoreland musters, to be delivered. Darneton, 25 July 1544.
	Copy, pp. 2. Endd.
25 July.	986. Suffolk to Henry VIII.
R. O.	This morning received letters, by a Burgundian of Norfolk's camp, addressed to Henry in cipher from Norfolk and the rest there. Sends them together with the decipher. Seynt Martyn has just come hither. What answer is to be made to him? And are he and the trumpet to be suffered to speak together? Bullen, 25 July. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.: 1544.
[July.]	987. The Queen of Hungary to [Chapuys].
R. O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 165.]	Having seen his letters to the Emperor of the 21st inst., especially upon the language which the King of England has held about the practice of peace; and, considering the coldness of the English in the enterprise against France and the likelihood of their not keeping the field long, especially on the approach of winter or outbreak of sickness (and if they carry Boulogne and Monstruel, which would be a great blow to France, it is to be doubted that they will be satisfied for this season and try to secure their conquest, and if they see that they cannot carry them they will lose hope of doing more by going further into France and will wish to return home with reputation), is led to doubt that the King, somehow, might very easily listen to some practice for peace or truce, and perhaps agree to make proposals and offers to the Emperor such as he (the King) should judge reasonable, and, if these were not accepted, take occasion to sever himself from the Emperor, who would then find himself greatly disappointed of his hope in the King and all his designs would be broken. Considers moreover that in one thing the King has great reason to look to the end of this war, and that if, perchance, the two armies failed to do what is expected, and it was needful to retire without making any great conquest, it would be more difficult to treat, and perhaps the French would not concede so much; and, as the King, by his language, seems inclined to treat, she is in marvellous fear of his proceeding without respect to his obligation by the treaty of closer alliance. Requires Chapuys therefore to try to learn more particularly the King's intention, by renewing the subject without too much rejecting the practice of listening to treaty with the enemy, which, to speak frankly, in the state of public affairs, could not but suit all Christendom, and in particular, the Emperor's countries, which could not long support the excessive expense of the war, [a reason] which leads her to meddle in this more than she has the Emperor's charge for. If the King should again speak of treating, Chapuys might ask him whether he intended to treat for peace or truce, suggesting that in treating of peace he should on his side make very sure of his debt, for which hostages (which he confesses to have been proposed) would be insufficient, at least for the future, but it would be requisite to have some territory of the realm of France, as agreed by the treaty of closer alliance; also that, for the surety of his succession, the French should resign the alliance with Scotland, which they will not willingly do, and, on the Emperor's side, it would be requisite that the King of France restore to the Emperor that which he unduly occupies, such as the duchy of Burgundy and bailiwick of Hesdin, and that which he has occupied during this war, and to Mons. de Savoy his estate, and renounce again the duchy of Milan and the lands he occupies in Piedmont and all claim to titles possessed by the Emperor, and satisfy those of the Empire; which are things which will not be easily settled, besides that there are several other private disputes for lands between the Emperor and the French. This to make sure whether the King would not prefer to listen to some good and honorable truce. And, according as he shall find the King inclined to this, he shall learn by whose means the King would wish to treat, and, upon opportunity, see if he would like her to intervene, making no sign of having any charge from her, but declaring, as is true, that he has no charge from the Emperor but will very willingly advertise her of it, hoping that, as he knows her inclination to the pacification of the war, she will do all in her power to induce the Emperor, for the King's sake, to condescend to the said truce. Recommends him to use dexterity and get the thing done as for the King's sake and upon his initiative.
	Although she has no charge from the Emperor for the above, still, having regard to the King's language and to the state of affairs, both public and Imperial, it seems more than necessary (so as not to risk all) to put an end to this cursed war one way or the other, which cannot be done without someone intervening; also that it is more to the reputation of the Emperor and the King to treat while they are in the field. Has ventured the above and is confident of excusing it to the Emperor, who will approve anything that Chapuys does by her charge.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original minute at Vienna, pp. 4. Original headed: Minute. (fn. n7) Begins: Monsr. l'Ambassadeur.