Henry VIII: September 1544, 21-25 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 19 Part 2, August-December 1544. Originally published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1905.

'Henry VIII: September 1544, 21-25', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 19 Part 2, August-December 1544, (London, 1905) pp. 139-158. British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol19/no2/pp139-158 [accessed 25 April 2024]

September 1544, 21-25



21 Sept.	269. Conquest of Boulogne.
R.O.	Certificate by Richard Watkyns, prothonotary, that Jehan le Vasseur and others of the sign of the Geltin Toune in Boulogne have taken oath of allegiance to Henry VIII., king of England, France and Ireland, &c., and "to renounce the obedience of all other princes and potestates, and also the authority of the bishop of Rome," and are therefore under the King's protection. 21 Sept. 36 Henry VIII.
	ii. Certificate by Ric. Watkyns that Ant. Cottard and others are sworn to the king of England, France and Ireland, "etc.", and permitted to inhabit in his Grace's county of Boloingne. 21 Sept., 36 Hen. VIII.
	Drafts, pp. 3. Endd. by Mason: A note of certain Frenchmen and Frenchwomen sworn to the King's highness and remaining within the town of Boulloyn.
R.O.	2. List headed "vicesimo quinto Septembr. anno xxxvj^to Henr. Octavi Regis Anglie etc." of names of French men and women of Boulogne and some places adjoining, mostly marked as sworn, except where they are described as sick or as young children. The last 28 names are under the date 26 Sept. In one case of a family of three is the note "Refuseth to take oath because of their oath to the French king—passport."
	About 155 names in all, beginning "Jehan le Vasseur, xix year old."
	Pp. 6.
21 Sept.	270. Norfolk to the Council.
R.O.	This day, going to dinner, received theirs of the 20th. As to sending horsemen to E staples for the sure conveyance of certain horsemen and muletts to Abbevile, and furnishing others that remain there, miserably, with victuals; the Frenchmen named in last safe conduct are already past this camp and have no cause for complaint; the others remain at Estaples by their own desire until the weather will serve, and have no lack of victual except bread, which few of our own soldiers have eaten these three or four days past. The drunken Almayne horsemen lately sent from you will have every man's provision, with many more misbehaviours which I remit to bearer Richemount who has seen them; "and to be merrily plain to you, my good lords, some here do think they were strangely sent hither, neither furniture of victuals sent with them, nor for the Frenchmen come from Boleyne, nor yet money to pay them withal." Until paid, the Almains will not leave E staples, as Richmount has heard them say. Camp before Monstrell, 20 Sept. 7 p.m.
	P.S.—This bearer tarrying all night, two letters have come from Sir John Fogge, Chamberlaine and Wynnybanck, showing that divers wagons that went with the Frenchmen's stuff to Abbevile were robbed by Frenchmen in returning. Will write for redress when he knows the number. Mons. de Vervyne and that company handled their departure strangely; for, whereas Norfolk had provided lodging and victuals for them at a village here called Brymew, and agreed to have had hostage for the return of the wagons, the tide serving at Estaples at 2 a.m., they stole away "and, for haste to take the tide early, divers of them were drowned, and Mons. de Vervyne's coffers and Madame de Farmesell's stuff left behind, with other persons to the number of 60." Stays the stuff and some of the best of the persons until the return of the wagons. Has just sent Sir Edm. Wyndham "to hang up divers that have spoiled some of the said Frenchmen, and also to do his best to cause th'Almaynes come hither, which I fear he shall not bring to pass." 21 Sept. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add. Endd.: 1544.
21 Sept.	271. The Queen of Hungary to De Courrieres and Chapuys.
R.O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 206-7.]	Has this instant received the letters herewith from the Emperor, who writes to her to send them and to add to or diminish them as shall seem convenient. For the importance of the affair, would not touch them, but only warns De Courrieres and Chapuys, in executing the charge which the Emperor gives by the said letters, to see that they may declare it to the King without the presence of those of the Council, and take care not so often to express the necessity on account of which the Emperor has condescended to treat with the French, nor also to reprehend so often the King of England's failure to observe that which Secretary Paiget said to the Emperor, nor likewise to name the French new reconciled friends; but to make every endeavour by the best words they can think of to make the King conceive (de faire gouster and. S^r Roy) that the Emperor has used every endeavour to ensue the treaty of closer alliance and the answer given to the Sieur d'Arras, and that, having regard to the disposition of public affairs, and that the King had already occupied Boulogne (besides that the season was so far advanced that it was impossible long to keep the fields), the Emperor had been moved (? "mente") to pass the said treaty. Fitting into this all the reasons contained in the Emperor's letters, and giving the King the greatest satisfaction that they can, as she doubts not they know well how to do. And, above all, beware of giving him, or his Council, in writing, the contents of your charge touching the above points, but only the article of the treaty which the Emperor sends you. And if the King wish you to declare your charge to those of his Council, declare it as summarily as you can.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original minute at Vienna, pp. 2. Original headed: Au S^r de Courrieres et Chapuys, de Vallenciennes, du xxi^e de Septembre 1544.
22 Sept.	272. The Council with the Queen to Henry VIII.
R.O.	Having heard by bearer, Sir William Herbert, of his health and the great travail he has sustained for them, and of the noble conquest of his town of Bulloign, they, and all his subjects here, thank God and acknowledge themselves most bounden to him, for whose preservation long to reign over them they will pray during their lives. Herewith he will receive letters received this day out of the North, showing such small exploits as have been done upon his enemies there. Oking, 22 Sept. 36 Hen. VIII. Signed by Canterbury, Wriothesley, Westminster and Petre.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
R.O.	2. Draft of the above in Petre's hand.
	Pp. 2. Endd.: "M. to the Kinges ma^te from the Counsell attendaunt upon the Queenes Grace, xxij⁰ Septembr. 1544."
22 Sept.	273. The Council with the Queen to the Council with the King.
R.O.	This afternoon arrived their letters of the 19th inst. for the sending of crayers and ships, provision of shovels, &c., and search "how the country standeth for the safeguard of his Majesty's most royal person in his Majesty's return." Order therein shall be taken with all diligence. Send herewith letters that came this day from the North. Oking, 22 Sept. 1544. Signed by Canterbury, Wriothesley, Westminster and Petre.
	In Petre's hand, p. 1. Add. Endd.
22 Sept.	274. Shrewsbury and Others to the Queen and Council.
Add. MS. 32,655, f. 197. B.M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 326.	Enclose letters from the Wardens of the East and Middle Marches, containing, among other things, the latter's opinion of the Scots' offers. The writers think these offers meant only to win their harvest and get home Farnyherst and his son. Have commanded the Wardens "to forbear them never the more" until the Queen's pleasure is known. She will see that the enterprise of Morehowse is not feasible without a greater number than the garrison. Forbear it, but have written to the Wardens to execute that of Kelso, with such other exploits as may be feasible. Enclose a letter just received from Wharton, with "a letter and a bagg with certain daggers and handkerchers sent from the lady Bothwell to her husband, the lord Maxwell." Darneton, 22 Sept. 1544. Signed by Shrewsbury, Tunstall and Sadler.
	In Sadler's hand. Pp. 2. Add. Endd.
22 Sept.	275. The Council with the King to the Council with the Queen.
R.O.	The King, upon the honorable conquest of his town of Boulloyne, minds to repair into England, as before written. Mr. Cofferer is to be caused to take order for beer, wine and other necessaries, to be laid with all diligence at such places as are thought meet for his Majesty to rest and lodge at by the way. From the King's town of Boulloyne, 22 Sept. 1544. Signed by Suffolk, Winchester, Gage, Browne and Wyngfeld.
	In Mason's hand, p. 1. Add, Endd.
22 Sept.	276. De Courrieres and Chapuys to the Queen of Hungary.
R.O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 208.]	The day before yesterday, very early, the Council imparted to us what had been communicated with the French ambassadors, as she will see by the bill herewith, and those of the said Council were abashed at not having informed us sooner, (fn. n1) as will be learnt below, viz.:—
	The said communications being drafted, the French ambassadors thought it right, especially at the instance of the said Council, to despatch secretary Aulbepine, one of their colleagues, to learn the King of France's will upon the whole; and asked to have the undermentioned articles signed by this King (which was refused, but the writers know not why); and reciprocally the ambassadors made instance that this King would write to the Emperor that the overtures and offers made to him by the King of France, of which he had been advertised by Mons. d'Arras, were very reasonable, but that point they could not obtain from the King, nor know the Council's opinion as to the reasonableness of the said overtures, and they were answered that the King presupposed that the Emperor would have careful regard in all that should concern him and touch his reputation, and that it was not for him to carve for the Emperor or persuade him to condescend to any condition, especially when he knew that the Emperor, like a virtuous prince who had the welfare of Christendom at heart, would not refuse conditions even if they were only half reasonable. Unable to extract anything else in that direction, the said ambassadors asked what the Council presupposed of the Emperor's inclination touching the overtures made to him, and were answered conformably to what Mons. d'Arras and the writers have said, viz., that at the departure of D'Arras the Emperor was not come so far as to be willing to resolve upon the said affairs, because he did not know the King's pleasure. In default of the said letter which the ambassadors required, they put forward that, at the least, the King might write to his ambassador with the Emperor in order that the latter might proceed to treat with the French under the conditions told to D'Arras, of not prejudicing the amity or treaty; which was accorded, and, on the 17th, a courier of this King departed with letters, in company of the said Aulbepine, who promised to return within eight days with the King of France's answer.
	On the 19th the French ambassadors were, about 9 or 10 p.m., with the Duke of Suffolk, giving him to understand that they had received letters from their master, dated at Paris, the 17th, to the effect that, being advised of their first communications with the Council, the conditions seemed too hard and not such as the King, with whom he had always had such real friendship, would insist upon, and the ambassadors should endeavour to abate them and find out the King's final intention in this affair of peace; after which letter was written, as they said, a postscript to the effect that their master, upon consideration, recognised that there was no way of resolving until he had spoken with them, especially as he had no one about him instructed of affairs between him and the King (in proof of which the ambassadors alleged the death of the Admiral Chabault, whom they called the very register of affairs with England (le registre des afferes de pardeça), and of him who last held the place of the Chancellor, (fn. n2) the absence and illness of Marillac, formerly ambassador here, and the absence and sequestration from affairs of the Constable), and that they should with extreme speed return to him, without any delay whatsoever, repeating to them thrice that they must understand that their King would in nowise consider or listen to the affair until their return. And therefore the ambassadors earnestly prayed the duke of Suffolk to obtain their congé of the King, and favour of being able to say adieu to him; and, because the hour was late, the Duke put off till the morrow to communicate with the Council and jointly speak of the affair to the King. Next day the Council, either of themselves or after speaking with the King, sent to the ambassadors to represent, among other things, that, since they had promised, at least tacitly, not to leave before the return of Aulbepine and the courier, it was open mockery now to want to leave without waiting two or three days, according to the term that had been prefixed, and that there was no doubt that had the king of France been informed of the above he would not have recalled them before the time. But, for all the Council could allege, the ambassadors persisted obstinately in wanting to leave, and that in case of refusal they were decided to protest the violation of their safeconduct; which language the Council found very bitter and perplexing, as will be learnt by what follows.
	Yesterday, after dinner, at the request of the Council, the writers were with them, the Duke of Arburquerque being also called, and the Council, after making the above discourse for their King's justification, who in things so important and touching his honor (si importantes et d'honneur) wished to show himself "tel qu'il convenoit," and especially to those who were able to recognise the importance of the affairs, earnestly prayed the writers to give their opinion whether the King, in order not to be so evidently mocked, could, without infringing the safeconduct, retain the said ambassadors. Thereupon, after protesting their insufficiency, the writers gave several reasons, besides those suggested by the Council, by which the King might delay the return of the ambassadors until the return of Aulbepine and the courier and news of D'Arras's arrival with the Emperor, in pursuance of what the King had said when he prayed D'Arras to wait for his letters; but on the other hand showed them (the Council) that the said retention would be fruitless, since it was only for three or four days, and, even if they would make it longer, the personages were not such that for their sake the King of France would grant much in the conditions of peace; and it was to be considered that, however just the occasion, the French would, according to their custom, bruit throughout the world this inobservance of a safeconduct, to their own advantage; and moreover, that the King of France might infer from such retentions that the King is very desirous of peace (for inability to continue the war or other cause), and that it might seem more magnanimous to show the ambassadors what just occasion the King had to retain them and resent their conduct, while, nevertheless, as more regarding his own honor than their fault, he was content that they should depart. The Duke of Alburquerke was then asked his opinion, which was that the ambassadors ought to remain until the return of the aforesaid, indeed until the Emperor could be advertised of what was passing here. After that the Council asked the writers for their opinion, who answered that, the King being so wise and having so notable a Council, they begged that they might be excused and that the Council would decide as seemed best on the reasons alleged by us on either side, as their charge was only to advertise fully the Emperor, the King of the Romans and her in the justification and praise of the King. This notwithstanding, the Council ceased not to press for their advice (wherein they thought that they ought not to meddle) and would not be satisfied until the writers said that the Council should tell them the King's and theirs, and the writers would conform thereto. At this answer they seemed very joyful, having before been gloomy and half angry. Did not fail to represent to them that it would have been far better to have communicated affairs to the writers before the departure of Aulbepine and the courier, when they would have been able to say their advice more freely and it might have been possible to prevent affairs falling out as they had. At this language they (the Council) began to look at each other, and a little later the Secretary came to whisper that he never thought (and indeed had predicted it) but that the writers would not fail to show resentment at the communications being imparted to them so late. At the commencement the Council prayed them to despatch to the Queen and get her to advertise the Emperor of all things; and this they promised, alleging, however, the difficulty that she would have in sending to the Emperor.
	After all the above, the Council said that they had sent for the French ambassadors in order, before them, to prove and justify to the writers the language which had been held; praying us to take the trouble to be present (assister) in the company, which we heartily granted. Immediately afterwards came in the Cardinal and two of his colleagues, viz., the president of Rouen and the Sieur de Trumel; and they being seated, (fn. n3) the bp. of Winchester recited the substance of what is said above. That done, the Cardinal, after divers preambles, said that he confessed that he was to be blamed, for if he had believed his colleagues this dispute would have been avoided, for they would all have removed together with Aulbespine and the courier, and as to what had passed between him and his colleagues on the one part with the Council on the other his memory was slippery and he referred himself absolutely to the record (a ce quen estoit); and for himself he protested that, were it in his choice he would abide very long with the King for the good treatment he received, but it was not for him or his colleagues to scan their master's command, but rather to obey it precisely; wherefore, he required the Council to obtain the licence for their return. Winchester replied that there was no need to refer to the writing of the articles drafted, as their talk had gone further; and therefore it became him and his colleagues to answer formally whether the said matters were true or not. The Cardinal began to get angry and wished to disguise matters, but ultimately could not escape from confessing, in effect, what Winchester had said; and, seeing himself in a strait and unable to answer, he changed the subject by beginning, angrily enough, to speak of the hardness of the King's conditions, especially with regard to the Scots, saying that it was too strange to require his master in two words, as written in the articles, to renounce so ancient and inviolable an amity; his master had seen himself in prison, and his children too, but was never required to abandon the said alliance, and, what was more, in the confederations concluded by him with the King the Scots were comprised on the part of both, and the Cardinal would like to know what faith could be given to the King's promises and treaties if he broke the said alliance so lightly and with so small occasion. Winchester replied, and finally brought the Cardinal and his colleagues to such terms that they could not well deny that the overtures of the said articles came from their side, and especially that concerning Scotland, and that the Cardinal himself had offered to obtain the achievement of that article, and had even at that time prayed the King's deputies privately and very closely to obtain the acceptance (effectuation) of the things drafted. To which the Cardinal could ma.ke no reply (ne sceust wectre difficulté) except that he had always added, in regard to the article of Scotland, that he would do his very utmost, and that in communication it was customary to venture upon saying things to show good will which were not to be taken for promise or obligation. And, upon Winchester's replying, the Cardinal, who already had shown signs of anger, became more angry against the said bp., telling him that he was the priest Martin who both said mass and responded, and that he wanted always to speak and shout (crier), reckoning thereupon to have gained the cause and victory since there was none to contradict. In which language the Cardinal went too far, and not without repenting of it; for Winchester replied suitably, and the Duke of Suffolk, in addition (pour rencharge), failed not to tell him that it was not well nor honestly done to use such language to such a personage speaking for the King his master, and that he ought to have a little more regard to the company; whereupon the Cardinal wished somewhat to excuse himself, saying, half boastfully, that it might please the company to pardon him if he was in fault, alleging that he had that very morning endured hearing from one of the said Council that he was malheureux, whoever tried to do service to the said king of France. Which words Secretary Paget confessed to having said, but not contemptuously as he repeated them; and the Cardinal seemed satisfied. (fn. n4) Seeing these altercations and irritations, the writers took the subject from Winchester, as mediators, and with suitable sweetness and dexterity, without giving the ambassadors occasion for resentment and to the great satisfaction of the Council; and the conclusion was that the Council would report to the King and afterwards signify his pleasure to the ambassadors.
	As she will understand by the above, what displeases the King with this mockery is, as has been alleged to the said ambassadors, that the Emperor, on the information which the said courier will have carried to him, might have descended to peace and withdrawn his army from France, whereby the French will become more difficult to treat with; but on the other hand he trusts so much in the Emperor's virtue and friendship that he thinks that the same hostages which the Emperor shall have for the observation of things promised will be also hostages "en partie au proffit dud. S^r Roy."
	Being thus, very late, with the said Council and ambassadors, there came news of the arrival of 6,000 Englishmen newly come from England, at which the Council rejoiced. Do not know the occasion, seeing that the season would rather require the sending away of men than bringing of them; and the thing differs from the Council's late say big that the term for keeping the fields would expire within ten or twelve days. There is yet no appearance that the King may march again towards Monstreuil. Know not whether the arrival of the said 6,000 trill incite him to do so.
	The King has just sent to thank them for the good office they did yesterday, especially their representations and reasons alleged to colour the retention of the said ambassadors, whom, it seems, he intends to retain longer than the return of Aulbepine and the courier, the desire for which will be diminished by the news, this morning, (fn. n5) of the Emperor's return towards Chastel en Cambresis. At which news he does not seem displeased (holding that the Emperor will have had convenient remembrance and reservation in regard to them) in consideration that the Emperor is in a place of safety, and that they may therefore more freely and without prejudice of his Majesty be able to do as they like in regard to the said ambassadors. Boulogne, 22 Sept. 1544.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original at Vienna, pp. 10.
[22 Sept.]	277. French Commissioners to Francis I.
R.O.	On Saturday (fn. n6) we received your letter sending for us in diligence to declare by mouth the articles discussed at Ardelot between the Councillors of the King your good brother and us, because some of them were new to you and the others of great importance. The same day we intimated our desire to wait upon the King and obtain permission for the journey, but were told that it was too late to speak with him that day. Yesterday morning we renewed our instance, for this and being met with delays, I, the Cardinal (fearing lest you might impute this delay to us or that it might retard, for reasons which you write, the conclusion of the affairs between your two Majesties), required the Council to repeat our request to the King, and, as they then put forward the matter of the hostages, I declared that, if the King would not give us leave to obey you touching our departure, we could not but say that, being come hither upon his safeconduct, we remained by force and against our will. The same day we were brought to the Council, the duke of Alberquerke, the Emperor's ambassador and the Sieur de Courrieres being called thither, the Councillors wishing in such good company to justify the saying of their King, viz., that, in view of our consent that in case you should grant the articles carried by the Sieur de L'Aubespine we would remain here hostages until others are sent, it was unreasonable that we should leave in the meantime, especially as it was to be believed that when you wrote, had you known of the article of hostages, you would have consented to our remaining. They then brought forward several things touching our departure and the present negociation, of which one of the principal, proposed by the Councillors and followed by the ambassadors aforesaid, is that upon the despatch which the King your brother made to the Emperor by his courier (which L'Aubespine carried) it might be that you had intimated to the Emperor that you agree to the articles proposed by your good brother, and that upon this assurance he would have withdrawn his army, and yet you had not here accepted but refused them; so that having disarmed one enemy you would have less trouble with the other. We assured them that you would use all sincerity; and that, in case you had treated with the Emperor, the date of the treaty would prove that the articles carried by L'Aubespine could not have caused it. Thus you can get rid of all the above scruples, which you will not find so strange, inasmuch as they proceed from those who (reconcilations being only commenced) cannot so soon take assurance of true amity, although, as we have already informed you, we have great hope of it. They find it strange that we should wish to leave without letters from you to your good brother for our congé. We therefore despatch this courier to you for instructions, not for our congé, which they have just granted in case they find that you have refused the articles carried by l'Aubespine, or that you desire us to come to you before resolving, but we think that the pleasure of your good brother at seeing the sincerity of all this negociation will help to polish the work, which would be otherwise only rough hewn. Assuring you that if the welfare of Christendom and love of your good brother has persuaded you to consent to the said articles, the good cheer that he has made to us for your honor would not suffer him to detain us as hostages. The Councillors have graciously accorded that if before the answer to this comes that to L'Aubespine's despatch, which we expect today or tomorrow, and it appears that you refuse the articles, or, before resolving would consult with us, we may depart on the following day without waiting for answer to this.
	French. Copy, pp. 3.
Sept.	278. Norfolk to the Council.
R.O.	This evening about 6 p.m. word came by a servant of Mons. De Wymes that the Daulphyn this day marched from Ausy towards Hedynge with a marvellous puissance. Mons. de Vandosme, "hearing he was a Burgonyon," called him and showed him the whole band, which he estimates at 50,000 men of whom 9,000 or 10,000 are horsemen, 20,000 Swyches and 4,000 Almaynes. Vandosme has the vanguard and the Daulphyn the battle and rearguard "all in one hope." They lodge this night at Headynge, not 10 miles hence. By the advice of Mons. de Bewers, Mons. de Wymes "and other expert men of war of that band," we will tomorrow lodge all in and about the camp where Sir Fras. Bryan lies, and have sent for all our men as well those come with my lord of Arundell as the Almain horsemen; and this night my lord Privy Seal dislodges, and, all night, we carry our great ordnance to that camp. We have this day searched, but as yet cannot perceive how to bring our great ordnance over the water to Estaples, but all our pioneers are this night working to make a way. I would all the great ordnance were at Calyce. We shall defend ourselves. The wagons sent with my lord of Arundel will do us no good, and the lymoners not much more. "Finally I would wish his Majestie in England, or at the least at Calyce, and the rest of his company with us, and sufficient victual with them. My lord Privy Seal is so busy in dislodging that he can have no leisure to subscribe this letter. As for sending us any more company, I remit to your wisdoms. From this camp, at ix. at night." Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add. Endd.: My lord of Norft. . . . . . . [Se]pt. 1544
23 Sept.	279. Conduct Money.
R.O.	Indenture, made 23 Sept. 36 Hen. VIII, of the receipt by Nicholas Tychebourn of Tichebourne, Hants, appointed captain to conduct 100 men (named) towards the King's camp at Boleyne, of 12l. 10s. from Roger Karne for their conduct from Rumsey to London. He has paid them for their return, 80 from Rippeley to Romsey, and 20 from London to Alresford, in all 5l. 6s. 8d. which he has received from Karne this day. Signed: By me, Nicholas Tychebourn.
	Subscribed in Wriothesley's hand: "Mr. Williams, I pray you receive th'account of this bearer Mr. Tichburn, and pay unto him the rest of his money. I have also sent unto you Mr. Kerne, my man, who was sent into Hampshire, with his reckoning, that you may receive the rest of the money remaining in his hands accordingly."
	Pp. 3.
23 Sept.	280. The Council with the King to the Council with the Queen.
R.O. St. P., x. 82.	The King being advertised that the Emperor and French king are agreed, and the Emperor's army dispersed, and the Daulphin with the French army coming down to give battle to my lord of Norfolk, must have the 4,000 men who have been so often demanded and countermanded, with all possible diligence, sent to Estaples. ["And that also you send to Wynter, with like diligence, commanding him, with Sir Rice Maunsel and a Sir Peter Mewtas, this bearer, and also the rest of th'army that was sent into Scotland, and such others ships as did accompany them of their own charges, to repair hither with as much celerity as the wind will suffer."] (fn. n7) They must also send the 50,000 mks. they have appointed for the end of this month. Boullen, 23 Sept. 1544. Signed by Suffolk, Hertford, Gage, Browne and Paget.
	In Paget's hand, p. 1. Add.: attendant upon the Queen's grace. Endd.
23 Sept.	281. De Courrieres and Chapuys to the Queen of Hungary.
R.O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 209.]	This morning, about 9 o'clock, received her letters of the 20th inst. and, after deciphering them, were with the King, who not only granted audience but sent twice or thrice to hasten them, probably in order to hear them before the French ambassadors, who were already arrived at his lodging. He received them benignly, and after they had declared the conclusion of peace between the Emperor and the French, as in her letters, asked if there was any other particular. Answered that there was none, except that she advertised them that the Emperor had done his utmost for the observation of the closer amity. Whereupon, learning by them that the roads on this side [were open], (fn. n8) he said that it could not be long before the Emperor sent hither full advertisement of all things. Being already advertised of the said news, he showed no sign of joy or of dissatisfaction, but rather of greater moderation than they hare hitherto seen; but when they came to advertise him, as of themselves and not an her part, of the bruit current that the French were marching to raise the siege of Monstreul, he showed himself a little astonished, changing countenance and saying with a wry mouth that [surely] that was not because the Emperor, perhaps, had already disbanded his army. (fn. n9) On their saying that he was well provided against it, he answered that he had been better provided, for he had sent back the Englishmen who recently arrived; however, he would do his best. He was pleased with her congratulation touching the taking of this town, and also took well their saying that no thanks were needed for the release of the Italians, which was a small thing compared with what the Queen would like to do for him. Thought best, for the time, not to mention the ships of war. Upon opportunity, will obey her command therein.
	After their return the bp. of Winchester and Treasurer of the Wars came to advertise them, on the King's behalf, how the French ambassadors, immediately after their departure, had signified the same to him touching the peace, adding only that their King wrote that in what concerned this King he would do as the Emperor should advise, and that, nevertheless, they should return with speed towards him; and in conclusion they did not omit to say that the Dauphin was coming to raise the siege of Monstreul. The said ambassadors, have, finally, obtained this King's licence for their return. The Bishop and Treasurer said, moreover, that their master was much astonished that the Emperor, having made the peace, had not advertised him that it was common (quelle fut commune) and that he was to disband his army "aussi bien comme presupposoit debvoit avoir fait." Answered that they knew not more particularly the conditions of the peace, and, as to disbanding their army, the Emperor would think more than twice about it, considering the hope given by the writers' letters that Monstreul could be won, and that they might well presuppose that the Emperor would desire it, to be relieved of the expense of the men he paid under the charge of Mons.de Bueren; and it might be also that the Emperor counted upon the language held to Mons. d'Arras as to the expiration of the time capitulated for continuing in the fields. Whereupon they (the Bishop and Treasurer) prayed the writers to beg her to obtain if possible, that the Emperor should not disband his army until the King was warned thereof, in order that he might use his as should seem best, not doubting, as they said, that the Emperor (under trust of whom they took the field) would leave them to be oppressed by the common enemy, since the hurt would redound also to his Majesty. They intimated, moreover, that the King would make provision to resist in case of the coming of the French army, and therefore it would be requisite and very necessary that they should be assisted with victuals from about St. Omer, requiring us to write thereof to your Majesty; and on their side, in pursuance of our counsel, they would advise their commissary of victuals of it.
	It did not seem well to advertise the King on her behalf of the bruit of the Dauphin's coming; and certainly it seems that it would be inopportune if the French came before Monstreul, where our men suffer [lack] of victuals, especially horsemeat, and the more so for the hurt that might ensue to Mons. de Bueren "et a la grande et notable noblesse quil a avec luy." Boulogne, 23 Sept. 1554.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original at Vienna, pp. 3.
23 Sept.	282. Christian King of Denmark to Henry VIII.
R.O.	Henry's servant William Harvy lately brought the ratification of that peace last established between the Emperor and Christian, in which Henry is comprised by name, with letters asking Christian to accept the ratification, to treat Henry's subjects friendly and to acknowledge delivery of the ratification. Has given Harvy open letters testifying delivery and acceptance of the ratification. Will treat Henry's subjects like his own, and begs that they may be commanded to commit no violence in his kingdoms, ports and streams. Ex arce nostra Copenhagen, 23 Sept. 1544. Signed.
	Lat., p. 1. Add. Endd.
R.O.	2. Copy of the above, headed "Copie of the king of Denmarkes l're to the K's Ma^te."
	Lat., p.1. Endd.: Copie.
R.O.	3. Acknowledgement by Christian king of Denmark (whereas in the treaty between the Emperor and him, of 23 May 1544, at Spire, Henry VIII. is comprehended, provided that he approves it within four months) that he has received the said approval and ratification by Henry's servant William Harvey, and accepts it.
	Copy. Lat., p. 1. Headed: Copie of the l'res of attestacion. Endd.
24 Sept.	283. The Council with the Queen to the Council with the King.
R.O.	Herewith letters and advertisements just arrived from the North are despatched with all possible diligence, that the King may, upon sight of Sir Ralph Evre's opinion touching the offers of the Scots mentioned in the last letters sent, resolve upon answer to the same. Sir Ralph Evre's device requires diligence; otherwise, order being taken by my lord Lieutenant that they shall be spared in the meantime, the answer requires not so much haste. As the Council upon the Borders think the burning of Mewrhowse very difficile, the lord Lieutenant is written to to forbear it until the King's further pleasure. Oking, 24 Sept. 1544. Signed by Canterbury, Wriothesley, Westminster and Petre.
	In Petre's hand, p. 1. Add. Endd.
24 Sept.	284. Lord Evers to Shrewsbury.
Add. MS. 32,655, f. 201. B.M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No. 327(1).	Received his letter dated Derneton, 23rd inst., containing the most comfortable news that ever came to the King's subjects, for which he thanks God and prays for the "moste gracious prospiracion" of the King long to endure.
	On Monday certain of the garrisons of Warke and Cornell ran forays in the Marse and took prisoners and much corn. The same night divers of Norham took Derydone and got 20 nolte, 5 or 6 nags, insight gear worth 20 marks, and certain prisoners. On Tuesday Thos. Gower and the Berwick garrison with Sir George Bowes's company won a cave in a crag of Whittyter and took 3 or 4 prisoners and 400 horse loads of corn. On Wednesday the said Gower, with my son Harry Eure, Lionell Graye and the captain of Norham, with the captain of. the Irishmen who joined them at Hutton Haule, belonging to lord Hume, Avon and spoiled the same, taking 3 or 4 prisoners, and came down Whittyter, where are very strong caves in crags and quarries. They slew in two caves that were holden 9 or 10 men, and in others that gave over took 12 prisoners (divers of them sore hurt) and Avon 16 good horses. Out of the Marse have been had 1,000 bolles of corn in these three days. It is thought that if the Scots' hearts had not fainted the caves could not have been gotten, as there was breadth of way for but one man to approach the doors, which were 10 or 15 fathoms up the cliff," and over their heads iiij fathom upright."
	Earl Bothwell is taken by the wife of lord Borthyke, whom Sir George Douglas has. As she was fair, "he came to her for love, but she made him to be handled and kept" because he is friend to Angus and his brother who have her husband. It is said that they will exchange. The Governor has put Huntley in ward, "it is judged, by his own consent," and has proclaimed in Edinburgh, on Monday last, by three heralds in coat armour, that Parliament shall begin on 22 Oct., and summoned Angus, Bothwell, Sir George Douglas and their friends to attend it. Berwyke, 24 Sept.
	P.S.—Wrote for 20 pioneers of Beamontes company to attend Thos. Gower in journeys. Desires to know his pleasure by post as the thing is necessary. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add. Endd.: 1544.
24 Sept.	285. Norfolk, Russell and Cheyney to the Council.
R.O. St. P., x. 83.	Answer their letter received to day about noon by Rychemount. Have heard speaking of the agreement between the Emperor and the French king and dissolving of the Emperor's army, but gave it no great trust, and could hardly believe that the Emperor would so have handled the King's Majesty, without whose help he could not have defended himself. Had likewise heard of the coming of the Doulphyn to levy this siege. Rejoice that the King means to send Suffolk with 6,000 or 7,000 men to their aid, but must declare that it is not possible for them, nor yet the horsemen now here, to remain scant 10 days, for lack of forage. Suffolk will at his coming find the nearest forage 7 or 8 miles off., Unless an army is laid at Estaples sufficient to defend the ships that come thither no victuals will come thence, being but 18 or 20 miles from Abbevile, "which may take the tide and burn the ships without that this camp may rescue the same"; and without more ships on the sea the Frenchmen may take them ere they come within the haven, as they do daily. It is impossible to get this town by famine without our army were so great as to enable us to keep the siege on both sides the river and to give battle to all comers. On Saturday night last, when the waters were too great to cross, as they have been since Friday was sevennight, about 17 horse loads of bacon and powder were brought into the town. The bastilion not being perfected after Mons. de Bewers' mind, he would leave no men to defend it; nor would he send men out yesternight although desired to do so. Our greatest help of bread and cheese has been out of the bailliage of Headinge and from Mons. De Reux's lands, and now we shall have no more thence. Almost all our horsemen are the Emperor's subjects, and how shall they now serve? Or, even if they promise to serve, how are they to be trusted, "considering how barely they have served unto this time." Most of De Bewers's band are in the Emperor's wages, and the other Almaynes say plainly that they will not lodge but where their horses may stand without danger of the rain. This day De Bewers has come asking money for his men, who, he says, are behind a month and four days.
	A Dutchman who was in wages with the lord Privy Seal, and taken prisoner into Headinge, brings word that in Prance they gather all they may, both by land and sea. Another, coming out of Normandy, says that all the ships they can make will be in the sea next full moon, probably to burn the victual ships at Estaples and be masters of the Narrow Seas. "This man is come from Marcyle in the sayker of Deape, and divers other galleys and hips in that company."
	Where the Council marvel that the French courier was suffered to depart without the King being advertised; they themselves wrote that all couriers with letters should be suffered to pass, and thereupon, 4 or 5 days past, one was suffered to depart, but of another who (Richemount says) came since that time they know nothing. English espials they can have none and such Burgundians as they have had are known to Mons. de Bewers and Mons. de Reux, who may cause them to tell what they list. If the French lay a camp on the other side of this river about Estaples, all victuals both by sea and from Boleyne by land will be cut from us. Camp before Monstrell, 24 Sept. 1544.
	Will tomorrow send the number of all the able men here. Signed.
	Pp. 4. Endd.: to the Counsayl.
24 Sept.	286. Pierre Boisot and Others to Paget.
R.O.	Since the return hither of Bourgeois and Bruyninck the latter has been to Dunckerke, Furnes, Nyeuport and thereabouts to hasten the victuals, a great abundance of which is laden in boats and gone towards Boulogne and Estapple. We send Bruyninck back to you. Upon the answer which Bourgeois had from you, we send certificate touching payment of the four persons who have served the King, and beg favour for them. Gravelinghes, 24 Sept. 1544. Signed: Pierre Boisot: Rassede Mondreloiz: Sebastien Bourgeois: Quintin Brunynck.
	French, p 1. Add. Endd.
R.O.	2. Certificate by "Pierre Boisot, conseillieur de l'Empereur et maitre en sa chambre des comptes en Brabant, Sebastien Bourgeois, secretaire ordinaire de Sa Majesté en son Privé Conseil, Rasse de Mondreloiz, bailly de Merchiennes, et Quintin Bruyninck," commissaries now in the King of England's service, (1) that Philip van Halle has been retained in the King's service since 10 May, when he was charged, by Mons. le Gruyer de Brabant, Messire Guillaume le Torneur, ch'l'r, and Bourgeois, to put ready the wagons of Haynnau, and afterwards the 800 of Namur and those of Furnes and Poperinghes; (2) Guillaume Boichoute since 29 June, when he was sent to Faulquemont and Maestricht for lymoners, and, as one of the 20 conductors, he had charge of half the wagons of Gand and Bielzbourg, Ph. van Holle having the other half, until five or six days ago; (3) Jehan Crabbe since 22 July, as conductor of the wagons of Audenarde; (4) Adrien l'Huillier since 16 Aug. Gravelinghes, 24 Sept. 1544. Signed.
	Total of the above days down to 26 Sept., 337.
	French, pp. 3.
24 Sept.	287. Vaughan to Paget.
R.O.	Wrote four days past of the receipt of his letters by Francis the post and the Bonvyces' deferring their answer (concerning the prolongation of their credit) till Jasper Dowche's return from the Queen. Since the said Jasper's return, the Bonvyces pray us to be content, whereas we took money of him payable in the Cold Mart next, which was nine months, upon their credit, which was only for six months, to take their credit again for the other three months; saying that this way would both be to the King's advantage and to the safeguard of their name, for if these wars turned to peace (as the rumour is) money "will be much better chepe by that time the Cold Mart shall come, and then may you far better prolong the payment thereof to th'end of the Pasche Mart and for much less interest than now." Sees no reason to doubt that it will be prolonged, for Jasper Dowche has promised, within four days, to go to the King, and he can bring all things to pass among the merchants.
	Here has been a saying these two or three days that the Emperor has taken peace with the French king; and now it is a common rumor, and also that the King is excluded and the Daulphyn with 36,000 horse and foot marching towards the King's army lying before Monterel. Cannot have so evil an opinion of the Emperor, but the growing rumor drives him "to mistrust lest there be some trumpery or guile in this matter." The governor of the Merchants Adventurers repairs to Paget for matters against the Emperor's Council here, which daily breaks their privileges and raises new imposts and exactions upon them. Paget's lawful favour to them will be thankfully remembered. Will write more by Francis, whom he keeps "till we hear more of our matter with the merchants." Andwerp, 24 Sept.
	"In the reverence of God, help me home, or else all my poor things shall stand in a great hazard."
	P.S.—The rumor of peace is now changed to another note, viz., "not concluded on the Emperor's behalf unless the K's Ma^te agree for his part in like wise."
	Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd.
24 Sept.	288. Charles V. to De Courrieres and Chapuys.
R.O. [Spanish Calendar, vii. 210]	Supposes that they will have received his last. Since then, the English ambassador resident came yesterday before him, at Chasteau Cambresis, and spoke at length upon the practice of the peace between his master and Cardinal de Bellay and other commissioners of the King of France, and delivered in his own handwriting the conditions to which his master would condescend, wishing the Emperor to understand, in going over the said writing and what his master had written to him (albeit that he does not know the treaty of peace made by the Emperor), that it is only understood that the Emperor might draw up his own articles with France in order jointly to make the said peace. Whereupon the Emperor referred to what he had before said to him, and caused Granvelle and D'Arras to communicate with him, and especially, that the King of England had consented that the Emperor might treat the peace, reserving the treaty of amity with him, conformably to what they (De Courrieres and Chapuys) wrote to the Queen; and also declared what instance he had made and caused to be made to Orleans and the Admiral of France that the King of France may satisfy the King of England and appoint with him, and that for this he (the Emperor) had expressly despatched the said bp. of Arras, who, if need were, would return from thence to the King of England, and that he (the Emperor) desired above all things that the said appointment may bemade. And with regard to what the King of England had spoken, in friendly confidence, of the danger in which the Emperor had put himself, although in truth he was never in danger from the French king's forces all the time of his march, he said, in like manner, to the Ambassador that the King of France had a powerful army and was understood to be marching, and perhaps it would be best for the King to withdraw his army from Monterel. Said this sincerely and with good intention; and, because the Ambassador might write it more rawly than it was said, they shall, if it seem requisite, declare it according to the Emperor's intention. Referred the Ambassador for a more ample answer, to Granvelle, who will advertise them of what passes, because the Emperor is just leaving to return to Chasteau Cambresis to disperse the army and see that it retires without going to serve against the King of England, (fn. n10) according to the advertisement presented thereupon by the Ambassador, before which the Emperor had already so resolved. For the rest refers to his last, to which he awaits answer. Cambray, 24 Sept. 1544.
	Fr. Modern transcript of the original minute at Vienna, pp. 2.
24 Sept.	289. "Wotton to Henry VIII.
R.O. St. P., x. 86	On the 22nd inst. received Henry's letter of the 3rd inst. by Molenbais' brother, containing a copy of the articles which he and the Emperor then required of the French king. Molenbais's brother said that the delay was because he was unable to pass to the Emperor from Metz, and had to return to these Lower parts. That evening, between G and 7 p.m. Nicholas the courier brought letters from the Council with articles of Henry's new resolution, since the departure of Arras, touching the conditions upon which he will agree with the French king. By letters of the 20th, sent with speed (as Granvelle promised), advertised how the Emperor's affairs stand. On the 28rd, had audience of the Emperor at Chasteau en Cambresis, and asked whether, if the French king agreed to these articles, he would come to a peace. He answered that, upon those conditions, or others more beneficial, he would be glad that Henry agreed, but Orleans had shown him the same articles and complained that they were too hard; he himself, according to the answer which Darras brought, had agreed already with the Frenchmen, reserving the amity and treaty with Henry. He knew not which articles Orleans found too bard, but would speak further with him therein. Showed the goodness of Henry's title to Ponthieu, and said he knew not that Henry had said to Darras as pretended, for nothing was written to him of it, and these articles seemed to expect that the Emperor was still in full war; but, as the Emperor persisted therein and he had heard Darras affirm it, did not think it expedient to stand very stiff in it, and said that already the result of his sudden agreement was seen in the Frenchmen grudging at these articles, and now the Dolfyn was going towards Henry with all the French army, bragging that he would kill all the world. The Emperor answered that he would travail to pacify the matter and had already sent Darras to the French king, to pass thence to Henry; he would counsel Henry to withdraw his army from Monstreul in time. Replied that he would advertise Henry of this counsel, but thought that Norfolk would not withdraw one foot for the whole power of France. The Emperor said he meant not that our men feared the Frenchmen, but it would be wise to fortify the camp if they would needs tarry; if Henry would put the matter to his arbitrament the Frenchmen offered to do so. Answered that he had no charge therein, but said that by the dissolution of this army a great number of lansknechts and Spaniards would run to the French camp, which Henry must needs find strange. The Emperor said that those who went should be punished as rebels, and he was sure that no Spaniards would go. Wotton said he heard that some were gone already. "How can that be, quod th'Emperor, they will not depart and lose their two months' wages?" Replied that these great lords of France would promise great things. The Emperor said that none should go unless it were a few varlets that could not be stopped, and asked if Wotton went with him to Cambray, saying that Granvelle (who had ridden thither the day before) would there talk further with him.
	Coming yesterday to Cambray, could not speak with Granvelle, who was busy with cardinals and other matters. Sent again this morning and had answer that the Emperor had been busy yesterday with the Queen and her Council and the dissolution of his army, but Granvelle would this day remind him of it and thereupon speak with Wotton. Thought best not to stay this courier longer. Cambraye, 24 Sept. 1544. Signed.
	Pp. 3. Add. Endd.
24 Sept.	290. Wotton to Paget.
R.O.	This Court is now full of Frenchmen, the dukes of Orleans Vendosme and Guyse, the cardinals of Tournon, Ferrara and Lorayne and divers other gentlemen and "yonkers of the Cowrte," but how long they tarry I know not. Nicholas, this bearer, coming through France, met Signor Don Francisco de Est with the marquis of Terra Nova and other gentlemen riding to the French king. The cause of their going is not yet declared to me. This amity begins too fervently to continue long. The Emperor came from Chasteau en Cambresis yesterday and returns thither today. "I marvel wherefor." As Nicholas was five days in coming through France, and says that his safe-conduct will expire ere he can get through again, I have counselled him to go through Hainault, which will be a shorter way. Cambray, 24 Sept. 1544.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Ennd.
24 Sept.	291. Treaty of Crêpy.
R.O.	Francis I.'s confirmation of the treaty of Crespi (recited, without the powers) made at Warty, 24 Sept. 1544.
	French. Copy, pp. 25. Headed by Wotton: "The copye of the treatye." To which heading lord Burleigh has added the words: "betwixt y^e Emperor and y^e French kyng."
Hatfield MS. 232, No. 21.	2. Another copy.
	Pp. 18. See Calendar of Cecil MSS., I, 178.
25 Sept.	292. Wriothesley to the Council with the Queen.
R.O. St. P., I. 767.	Encloses such letters as, if true, declare that good faith is almost banished out of the world; but "God is able to 'strenght' His own against the Dyvel" and the Queen need not be troubled, for the King's person is out of danger and so, doubtless, are the rest, "for it shall not yet enter into my creed that the Frenchmen will cope with us, what brag soever they set upon it." As to the "matter of the letters," thinking that the men should be despatched with all diligence, was bold enough to call Mr. Baker, Mr. Northe, Mr. Moyle and Mr. Williams and make out despatch according to the enclosed minutes, every man despatched with money to pay conduct, &c., As Wilts, Berks, Suff. and Hants, are too far off, has appointed, in their place, London to prepare 500 men, and Surrey, Kent and Midd. each 100 more, so that but 100 are lacking, who may be furnished of the spare mariners that go with them.
	Has also a letter from the lord Admiral and Mr. Secretary for setting forth with all possible speed of the S[w]epc[stake], the Prymeros and the Jennet out of the Thamys and of the Greate Pawncye out of Colne Water. Has already taken order therein with Waters and Gonstone, and purposes to send the latter tomorrow "to Leg to Harwiche with money for the Pawncy." Has thus "passed a piece of the storm," and begs the Queen's pardon if he has not done well; for he thought it not meet to lose so much time as to send to Oking and tarry for answer. "The letters arrived about ix., and by xj. our despatch was made and delivered."
	"The money shall forth tomorrow without fail, they tell me this night."
	P.S.—Sends all three letters for the Queen to see.
	Hol., pp.2. Add. Endd.
R.O.	2. Letters missive from the Queen requiring the person addressed (as the King has eftsoons upon new occasion sent for the 4,000 men lately assembled and afterwards dismissed), with his colleagues, to use all diligence that the –––––––(blank) men appointed to be levied in that shire be eftsoons sent to-–––––(blank) where shipping is ready for them; and bearer,–––––––(blank) will deliver money for their conduct "and see them prested at the sea side." None but very able men are to be sent. In great haste from Elie Place in Holbourne, 25 Sept.
	Draft, p. 1. Endd.: M. for sendyng the iiij^ml men.
25 Sept.	293. Wharton to Shrewsbury.
Add. MS. 32,655, f. 203. B.M. Hamilton Papers, ii., No 327 (2).	Upon sundry requests of laird Bukcleuche, Mr. Aglionby and John Thomsone, deputy customer, met him on Wednesday, 24 Sept., at Madovenswyre in the side of Ewsedaill, 16 miles from Carlisle, with 60 horsemen on each side. Dande Carre of Litleden was with him. At the news that the King had won Boilaigne they mused and said that was strange tidings, for it was called impregnable. Buckcleuche and Dande Carre then drew apart, and Aglionby asked the reason of his sundry requests for meeting. Describes the conversation, in which Buckcleuche said that their seal passed for the peace and marriage, and if the King's seal had come again these wars had not begun; that if the Prince married their Queen he would truly serve the King and be glad of the favour of England, but would not be constrained, not "if all Tividall were brent in ashes to the bottom of Hell"; that if he made a promise he would keep it better than lords and others of their realm kept theirs (speaking displeasantly of Angus and George Dowglas) and, to have the favour of England, many friends would be bound with him, as lord Hume, Mark Carre of Litleden, George Carre and all the Carres except Fernyhirst (he was not sure of Dande Carre of Sesfurth, but Mark Carr was to meet him that day, and would no doubt get him to join them) and the laird Johnstone; that he desired assurance for a month or 20 days, from Englishmen and Scottishmen under Wharton's rule, during which to know all his friends' minds, tell the Governor that as they were not defended they would provide for themselves and let Wharton know his resolute mind. Aglionby and Thomsone answered that they could give him no assurance; and pointed out that all Eshdaill, Ewsedaill, Wacopdaill and Liddisdaill were now bound to serve the King, and had their hostages lying in Carlisle, that the dwellers in the Debaittable were at the King's command, and that, serving the King, none in Scotland dare annoy him in Tividaill; and advised him to say what he would do. He answered that his request was for the said assurance; and they would not promise him answer before Sunday or Monday next.
	Dand Carr of Litleden seemed as desirous of favour as Bukcleughe, several of whose friends there urged him to do what he might to obtain favour. He said that the Governor would keep his authority during the Queen's nonage, and that the other lords were false men and of little power, and it was certainly untrue that the Governor would go into France. Angus, he said, prepares to lie in Jedworth, "and their realm is quartered in four, like as they have been afore, to maintain a garrison upon that Border." Angus will receive 1,000l. Scottish a month, levied of the whole realm, and is to be there on Friday or Saturday next with 1,500 men. For pretty news he told how (lord Borthik having been taken by George Douglas and kept in Dalkethe) Earl Bothwell, being in love with lady Borthik and making suit "to have her company," she arranged with Gawen Borthik and other friends to appoint Bothwell an hour at a new lodging without Borthik castle—which hour he kept, and was taken by the said Gawen. Bukcleughe spoke much of the untruth of Angus and George Douglas, and especially of Maxwell and Dand Carre of Fernyhirst, saying "Now ye have them both in England keep them well, for ye have a great treasure of them." Fernyhirst, he said, had "syrcumvened" Sir Ralph Evers, and, if trusted, would "syrcumvene" Wharton too. He said he knew of the coming of Giles Heron and Arche Dodd to Carlisle to draw a purpose for the enterprise against himself on the Saturday before it was made. Writes to the Warden of the Middle Marches to learn how he came by that knowledge. They have evidently great intelligence of the Borders of England. By Wharton's command 100 of the Batysons of Eshdaill who with the Thomsones have laid pledges, the night before the meeting with Bukcleughe, burnt Fastheughe in Tividaill, of George Carr's lands. That enterprise was much commoned of at the meeting. Has caused other small fires and annoyances to be done lately by Scottishmen in bond. Carlisle Castle, 25 Sept. Signed: Thomas Whartton: Edward Aglionby: John Thomson.
	Pp. 7. Add. F.ndd.. 1544.
	294. The Batesons and Thomsons to Wharton. (fn. n11)
Shrewab. MS. A., p. 179. Heralds' College. Stevenson's "Selections," 15. (Maitl. Club)	Thank him for favouring them so long, and desire assurance to come speak with him at such day and place as he shall appoint. Will do their best to please him. The master of Maxwell has held them from him, and now they must "leave him and all Scotland and take their displeasures." Signed: "Zour servauntes at commaunde, ye Baitsones and ye Thomsones."
	Copy, P 1 Address copied: To ane worshipfull lord, my lord Wharton and my lorde Warden.
25 Sept.	295. Sir Anthony Browne to the Lord Deputy and Council of Calais.
Harl.MS. 283,f.193 B.M.	The King has appointed certain of his geldings, coursers and carriage horses to be sent to Callace to be shipped into England, part of them immediately, and the rest as his officers of the Stable shall think convenient. Desires him to see them furnished with ships and necessaries. From the King's town of Bollone, 25 Sept. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.
25 Sept.	296. Sir John Fogges and Others to Norfolk.
R.O.	Wrote of their rescue of a hoy with beer which the Frenchmen took entering this haven, but were forced to leave aground on the sands 4 miles westward. On the morrow the Frenchmen returned with 12 small ships, but, finding her not to be carried away, beat out the heads of as many vessels as they could, and cut the sails and tackle. Repaired thither with soldiers and certain Almayne horsemen, "which set forth by leisure," and at our arrival with the bowmen the French fled. Spent that day and night and yesterday hoisting out the beer, and, before we finished, 58 sail, small and great, were in sight, three of which offered to land men and shot ordnance at us, but we "with our bows set them to seaward again." Then, saving certain tackle and setting fire to the rest, we returned hither with as much as could be salved. Cannot learn certainly to whom the beer belongs. Have recompensed such as took pains therein out of their own purses, and beg that, if not the King's, they may enjoy it as prize.
	Send herewith an inventory of the Frenchmen's stuff here, "with the best of their personages." Others, being sick and poor, remain here living upon charity. Sent two of them, four days ago, to Abbavile with letters to the captains that went from hence for knowledge of our wagons which conveyed them. As for Norfolk's pleasure, which they lately proclaimed, for repair of all soldiers to the camp from this town, where they have daily frays with the Almaynes, the only remedy seems to be to call the Almaynes hence, and give them a head from whom they will accept justice, and to order that all victuals arriving here be stayed aboard ship until wagons come to convey it to the camps, and there set in open market, "which may be the stay of the soldiers' continual resort hither (as they say) for their furniture of victuals, which we perceive to the contrary." In this port are about 60 sail of English vessels and others out of Holland and Flanders, who fear lest the Frenchmen "should in one night come in and burn their ships," and they desire to have a watch kept nightly and the coast better kept with ships, or else they may not return hither with victuals.
	"This evening came hither certain Irishmen, with whom, at their arrival, the Almaynes had a skirmish, and have thrust one of the Irishmen in under the pap with a boar spear, without occasion given of the Irishmen's part that we can find by any enquiry. And complaining of them to their captains, we have the amends in our hands."
	The poor Frenchmen, doubting their messengers to be "empesched or distrussed," desire to send a drum of Mons. de Colincourte who is here, for their release. Estaples, 25 Sept. 1544. Signed: John Fogges: Rechard Wyndebank: T. Chambrelain.
	Pp. 3. Add. Endd.
25 Sept.	297. Norfolk, Russell and Cheyney to the Council with the King.
R, O.	Send the number of able men in this army, which, as pioneers and artificers are not to be counted, is not above 13,000.
	To answer the Council's letter, by Guisnes, received while writing this, the most honorable way to retire this army is by St. Omer's. Going by that way, the enemies cannot say that we durst not go near them, and the Almayne horsemen and De Bewers' band would not waste the forage which should serve for Boleyn, Calays and Guisnes, nor infect Calays and Guisnes with plague. Will convey baggage to Estaples, but, unless the sea be otherwise provided for than it is, all that goes that way shall be lost, for the Frenchmen are every day before that place. The great ordnance (4 cannons, 8 demi cannons and 4 culverins) may be sent with their horsemen to Hardeloe and there met by horsemen from Boleyne. As for the boats, mills and brewhouses, unless ships are sent to Estaples to convey them surely we must burn them, for here will be no carriage for them by wagon, the horses being dead. Camp before Monstrell, 25 Sept. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd: 1544.
R.O.	2. Memoranda enclosed in the preceding, viz.:—
	"Item, for ships to be sent to Estaples for conveying of the boats, milnes and brewhouses." Item, money to be sent in haste for Mons. de Bewers' company, 15,000 ducats for a month and five days. Item, to know the certain day the King will have us depart hence. Item, that our day of payment shall begin on Wednesday next, and every 15 days for our two camps is 6,000l., besides the strangers. Item, against this army being at St. Omer's, four days' journey from hence, hoys, plattes and other vessels should be ready to convey over men and horses. Item, bridges to be sent to such ports of Flanders as the horses shall be embarked at. Item, letters to be sent to Mons. de Rieux to provide victuals against the army's coming into Flanders.
	In the hand of Norfolk's clerk, p. 1.
25 Sept.	298. Christian III.
Wegener, Aarsberet- ninger, iv. 267.	Passport through Denmark for the English Ambassador [William Harvy?] to Germany. Copenhagen, Thursday after St. Matthew's day, 1544.
	Danish