Surnames beginning 'M'

The Cromwell Association Online Directory of Parliamentarian Army Officers . Originally published by British History Online, , 2017.

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'Surnames beginning 'M'', in The Cromwell Association Online Directory of Parliamentarian Army Officers , ed. Stephen K Roberts( 2017), British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/cromwell-army-officers/surnames-m [accessed 14 October 2024].

'Surnames beginning 'M'', in The Cromwell Association Online Directory of Parliamentarian Army Officers . Edited by Stephen K Roberts( 2017), British History Online, accessed October 14, 2024, https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/cromwell-army-officers/surnames-m.

"Surnames beginning 'M'". The Cromwell Association Online Directory of Parliamentarian Army Officers . Ed. Stephen K Roberts(2017), , British History Online. Web. 14 October 2024. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/cromwell-army-officers/surnames-m.

Surnames beginning 'M'

Mackworth, Humphrey Humphrey Mackworth (1603-1654)
Born the eldest child and only son of Richard Mackworth (died 1617) of Betton Strange, Shropshire, a modest landed family.
Humphrey practised law and by the 1630s was prominent in the administration of Shrewsbury, as alderman and legal advisor. His godly religious views inclined him to parliament and he supported the war effort. From 1643 he was appointed to Shropshire committees, even though the county was then in royalist hands. By summer 1643 he was captain in Thomas Mytton’s regiment of horse, based at Wem during the autumn and on into early 1644, when Mackworth’s troop was described by the royalists as ‘broken’. Deemed by the Committee of Both Kingdoms to be vital to parliament’s still fragile hold over parts of Shropshire. In 1644 he was promoted to colonel early in 1645 and although he does not seem to have taken part in the capture of Shrewsbury in Feb. 1645, he was soon based there and in command of a regiment of foot raised largely from militia units. He was present at the fight at Stokesay on 8 June 1645 and commanded Shrewsbury units at the siege of Shrawardine Castle in July. By summer 1646 he had been confirmed as governor of Shrewsbury and commander in chief of all the ‘standing companies’ in Shropshire. He was very active on Shropshire county committes from 1643 onwards.
He was active in ensuring the security of Shropshire in the face of renewed royalist threats in 1648 and 1651. He also acquired a string of offices – the recorderships of Shrewsbury, Wenlock and Bridgnorth, attorney general for North Wales and deputy chief justice of the Chester circuit. In Feb. 1654 and despite hithero limited experience in national government, he was appointed to the Protectoral Council of State and became a very diligent and active member of the Council, down to his sudden death at his Whitehall lodgings in Dec. 1654. He was buried in Westminster Abbey but his was one of a number of corpses exhumed and removed at the Restoration.
References: Oxford DNB; Dore, Brereton letter books, 2. 394; HMC, 13th Report, Appendix 1, 141-3; BL, Add. Ms. 18981, f. 69; CSPD, 1644, 514; CSPD, 1644-45, 259; CSPD, 1645-47, 441; H. Johnstone, ‘Two governors of Shrewsbury during the great civil war and interregnum’, English Historical Review, 26 (1911); Mercurius Civicus, 12-18 June 1645; The Kingdom’s Weekly Intelligencer, 1-8 July 1645; JHC, IV, 614, V, 122; Intelligence from Shropshire of Three Great Victories obtained by the Forces of Shrewsburie (1645).
Armies: Shropshire
Maghull, Robert Robert Maghull
A lieutenant, then a captain, in John Moore’s Lancashire regiment of foot.
References: Gratton, Lancs. war effort, 291.
Armies: Lancashire
Maguire, Rosse Rosse Maguire (died ?1647)
A corporal in Captain Master’s troop of horse; later lieutenant in Sir William Waller’s regiment of horse; and by Nov. 1645 captain-lieutenant to the colonel’s troop in Edward Cooke’s regiment of horse. He remained there until the disbandment of the Massey brigade and was a signatory to the petition of its officers in July 1647. A few weeks later he was convicted at the Old Bailey of murder. Colonel Henry Sanderson appealed to the Commons for his reprieve, but they merely laid debate on it to one side on 6 Sept. It is not certain whether he was hanged or not.
References: Temple, ‘Massey Brigade’, 438-9, 441; Spring, Waller’s army, 147; JHC, 5.293.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association); Massey Brigade
Mainwaring, - - Mainwaring
Perhaps of the family of Ightfield, Shropshire, a captain in command of one of the companies of Shropshire foot at the siege of Lichfield in spring 1646, on 26 May ordered to march to Worcester.
References: Carr and Atherton, Brereton Staffs., 280.
Armies: Shropshire
Mainwaring [Manwaring], Henry Henry Mainwaring [Manwaring] (born 1605/1606, alive in 1666)
Of Kermincham, Cheshire. Eldest son of Henry Mainwaring of Kermincham (died 1637x39) and his wife May, daughter of Anthony Kinnarsley of Loxley, Staffordshire. He married Frances, fourth sister and coheir of Sir Edward Fitton of Gawsworth, Cheshire. His son Roger married Sarah, daughter of Randle Ashenhurst of Ashenhurst, Derbyshire.
An active JP in Cheshire in the 1630s. In 1641 Mainwaring was a supporter of the pro-episcopal and pro-court Sir Thomas Aston, but in 1642 chose to support parliament. In Dec. he raised the country and saw off the earl of Derby’s attempted venture into Cheshire and expelled the royalists from Macclesfield. Reinforced by Manchester forces, he compelled the royalist commissioners of array to flee and on 10 Dec. garrisoned Nantwich. Having established a position of strength, Mainwaring was one of the two parliamentarian negotiators for the very short-lived cessation of arms within the county which was negotiated at Bunbury on 23 Dec. 1642, and which was followed by both sides.
However, a month later, when Sir William Brereton came north as commander-in-chief in Chesh, Mainwaring brought his independent troop of horse to the headquarters at Nantwich.
In Jan. 1644 Mainwaring was one of the commanders who came to the battle of Nantwich. However (like the other captains who had come to Brereton in Jan. 1643), he was evidently becoming more distanced from the more militant war being fought by Sir William.
On 7 May 1644 the Commons resolved that Mainwaring and another Cheshire man active early in the war be deprived of their offices: ‘Resolved, &c. that Henry Manwaring, and Henry Vernon, Esquires, two deputy lieutenants of Cheshire, in regard of their Disservice to the Parliament in many Particulars, be forthwith discharged and removed from their said Places, and other Power of Command in any military Way, in or gathering or receiving Monies: And that all Horses, Arms, Ammunition, and Money, now under their or either of their Commands, belonging to the State, be, upon Demand, delivered up to Sir Wm. Brereton, to be by him disposed of and employed for the said Service of King and Parliament: And that the said Persons be called to account for what Monies, Arms, and Ammunition they have; and accordingly to restore the same for the publick Service’ (JHC, 3.484).
The ‘disservice’ remains obscure, and the resolution does not seem to have taken effect immediately, perhaps because of the crisis in the north. On 25 May Mainwaring’s and Robert Duckenfeild’s regiments were drawn up at Stockport, powerless to oppose the march of Prince Rupert; on 30 June his regiment was part of the force that marched from Nantwich to relieve Thomas Mytton at Oswestry. On 30 Apr. 1645 Mainwaring was still formally named as a colonel of a regiment of foot of four companies and ‘about 160 men all countrymen’ (Dore, Brereton letter books, 1. 326). Nevertheless, Dore found no evidence of Mainwaring ‘still exercising military command’ in 1645 (Dore, Brereton letter books, 1. 332).
Mainwaring, like the other gentleman who had brought their troops to Brereton at Nantwich, had by summer 1645 withdrawn from military service. The doubts about his loyalty were pursued when Mainwaring found himself facing sequestration as a delinquent, although he was cleared.
In 1659 Mainwaring took part in the Booth Rising, as a colonel charged with recruiting in Northwich Hundred.
In Oct. 1646 Mainwaring had been admitted, alongside his kinsman Elias Ashmole, as a freemason at Warrington, the first known Masonic lodge in England.
References: Dore, Brereton letter books, 1. 326, 332, 420; Morrill, Cheshire, 9, 16, 53, 66, 71, 80, 215, 272, 311; Civil war in Cheshire, 29-34, 36-7, 116-7117, 130, 134, 241-3, 245, 247; HMC, Portland manuscripts, 1.94-6; Vis. Cheshire, 1613, 161; Vis. Cheshire, 1666, 73; Ormerod, Cheshire, 3.i.80; D. Stevenson, The origins of freemasonry: Scotland’s century, 1590-1710 (1988), 219.
Armies: Cheshire
Mainwaring, Philomen Philomen Mainwaring
Dore identifies him as of Great Warford, Cheshire, illegitimate half-bro. of Colonel Henry Mainwaring (Henry was the eldest son of Henry Mainwaring, died 1639, and his first wife; Philomen was the son of Henry and his second wife, Felicia, daughter of Thomas Baskerville, but born before their marriage.) He acquired the estate at Great Warford, where he died c. 1674, through his marriage to Margaret Parsons, daughter and coheir of a Macclesfield alderman.
Dore makes a very strong case that Mainwaring was lieutenant in Captain Humphrey Bulkeley’s troop of horse in Brereton’s horse regiment, and that following the capture of Bulkeley and most of his troop near Wrexham on 29 Apr. 1645, Mainwaring was probably transferred to Myddelton’s forces in Wrexham, and was captured in Oct. 1645 when part of that army under Colonel John Carter was attacked at Eccleston. Thereafter he was linked with Bulkeley in the prolonged negotiations for an exchange and was evidently finally released in Jan. 1646., though in the interim, he managed to smuggle out information about the state of Chester; on 21 Dec. 1645 his letter to Brereton began, ‘I have thought good to acquaint your honour (having a convenient and trusty messenger) with what news my intelligencers have informed me’ (Dore, Brereton letter books, 2. 407-8).
References: Dore, Brereton letter books, 2. 99-100, 407-8, 463, 480-1.
Armies: Cheshire; North Wales
Mainwaring, Randall Randall Mainwaring (died 1652)
Born Whitmore, Staffordshire, son of Edward Mainwaring. He married in London in 1618, became active within the Grocers’ Company and became a colonial trader in partnership with members of his wife’s family, the Hawes. Treasurer of the Company of the Artillery Garden (now the Honourable Artillery Company), 1631-5. Prominent in radical City politics during the 1640s, became a member of the London militia committee and a very active supporter of parliament’s war effort.
‘His Shope is In Cheape Side neare Ironmonger lane by Colonel Towse’ (BL, Harl. 986, p. 2).
Captain in London Trained Bands in 1639.
Major of the Red regiment, London Trained Bands (Colonel Thomas Atkin) in 1642, and its lieutenant-colonel by 26 Sept. 1643. Appointed sergeant-major-general of the City of London in Oct. 1642 to replace Philip Skippon. Colonel of a regiment of Redcoats (1642-Jan. 1644) raised for the earl of Warwick’s short-lived reserve army raised to cover London, which, however, survived to be used to police the metropolis under Mainwaring as sergeant-major-general. He was with them at the first battle of Newbury.
He died in autumn 1652.
References: Oxford DNB; Overton 1642; Thrale 1642;Nagel, ‘London militia’, 58, 59, 85, 86, 87, 316; BL, Harl. 986, p. 2.
Armies: London
Mainwaring, Robert Robert Mainwaring (1607-1652)
Born 1607 in London, son of William Mainwaring, Citizen and merchant tailor. Robert became a wealthy officer of the London Customs House and was noted by Symonds as being of the Custom House, living in Aldermanbury. Addmitted to the Company of the Artillery Garden (now the Honourable Artillery Company) in 1642.
Recorded in a spy’s report of a Trained Bands muster in Sept. 1643 as Third captain of the Green regiment, London Trained Bands. Richard Symonds annotates: ‘Hath a Troope of horse besides & quitted this Capt[aincy]’ (BL, Harl. 986, p. 38).
The troop was evidently in Colonel Edmund Harvey’s regiment of London horse, of which he was Major by Dec. 1643, when he sought to stem the flight of his troops at a skirmish in Olney, Bedfordshire, reportedly breaking his pistol on their heads, and still the regiment’s Major on 9 May 1644. Money was owed for the cost of quartering part of his troop in Grub Street, 11 Jan.-26 May 1644. On 24 July 1644 he received 14 days’ pay for the regiment and for his troop. He was still with the regiment when it was disbanded in spring 1645.
He later served as a common councillor for Cripplegate Without and within the sixth London classis. He was appointed to the London militia committee during the attempted Presbyterian coup of 1647, but was removed after the restoration of army and Independent control. He died at his home in Grub Street in 1652.
References: Oxford DNB; BL, Harl. 986, p. 38; G. Paine, A true relation of all the skirmishes between our forces and the Cavaliers at Owlney (1643), 2; TNA, SP28/15/66, SP28/17/119; CSPD, 1644, 155.
Armies: London
Malbon [Mauberne], George George Malbon [Mauberne]
Son of Thomas Malbon (1578-1658) of Bradley and Nantwich, gentleman,, whose manuscript ‘Memorial of the Civil War’ is reprinted in Cheshire tracts, 23-225; brother of Thomas Malbon.
Captain of a company of Nantwich townsmen in George Booth’s regiment of foot in Sir William Brereton’s Army by 30 Apr. 1645, the company shortly after discontented after Booth resigned for want of pay.
Commissioned Major in Thomas Croxton’s militia regiment of foot, 22 Aug. 1650.
References: Cheshire tracts, xii-xiv, 136-7, 148; Dore, Brereton letter books, 1. 325, 329-30, 371, 372; CSPD, 1650, 510.
Armies: Cheshire
Malbon [Mauberne], Thomas Thomas Malbon [Mauberne]
Son of Thomas Malbon (1578-1658) of Bradley and Nantwich, Cheshire, gentleman, whose manuscript ‘Memorial of the Civil War’ is reprinted in Cheshire tracts, 23-225; brother of George Malbon.
Captain of a company of Nantwich townsmen in George Booth’s regiment of foot in Sir William Brereton’s Army by 30 Apr. 1645, the company shortly after became discontented after Booth resigned for want of pay.
Malbon and his brother, both captains, fought at taking of Cholmondeley Castle, 7 July 1644.
Commissioned captain in Thomas Croxton’s militia regiment of foot, 22 Aug. 1650.
References: Cheshire tracts, xii-xiv, 136-7, 148, 225; Dore, Brereton letter books, 1. 325, 329-30, 371; CSPD, 1650, 510.
Armies: Cheshire
Malbon, Henry Henry Malbon
Ensign to Major Kett in Myddelton’s North Wales Army, as proved by a pay warrant of 6 Apr. 1644 for £5.
References: TNA, SP28/346, no. 85.
Armies: North Wales
Mall, John John Mall
By early 1645, major in Valentine Walton’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army; he continued to serve in that capacity after John Hobart had taken command of the regiment in spring 1645.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.104.
Armies: Eastern Association
Mallery, Robert Robert Mallery
In Sept. 1642 lieutenant to Captain Cosby in the regiment of foot which formed part of the earl of Essex’s Army under the earl of Stamford and which then formed the core of Edward Massey’s garrison and army at Gloucester.
References: Peachey and Turton, War in the West,6.646-7.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mallory, Robert Robert Mallory
Captain. He was not one of the original captains in the earl of Stamford’s regiment of foot in 1642, nor is he listed amongst the officers at Gloucester in Apr. 1643. He had joined by Aug. 1643, and fought during the siege of Gloucester, leading a sally on 14 Aug.
References: Peachey and Turton, Fall of the West, 6. 642-6; Bibliotheca, 46, 214.
Armies: Gloucestershire
Manaton, Samson Samson Manaton
Ensign in Captain Christopher Burgh’s company in William Bampfield’s regiment of foot in Lord Wharton’s Army for Ireland in 1642. Instead, he went with Bampfield’s regiment as ensign into the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 70, 40.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Manby, William, junior William Manby, junior
Son of William Manby senior and his wife Alice, daughter of Mr Long of Wiltshire. Of St Helen’s Bishopsgate.
During the Presbyterian domination of the London militia committee, Manby junior was captain in the White regiment, London Trained Bands (Colonel Joseph Vaughan). This had been his fa’s regiment, so perhaps he had held unrecorded lower commissioned ranks before then. A Presbyterian satire implies that he was still in the regiment later that year, after his father had been reinstated, suggesting that ‘the Puppy his Sonne’ be made Major (A paire of spectacles for the Citie, (1648), 9).
References: Vis. London, 1633-5, 2.76; Nagel, ‘London militia’, citing pay warrants in TNA, SP28/237; A paire of spectacles for the Citie (1648), 9.
Armies: London
Manby, William, senior William Manby, senior (died 1660)
Lieutenant-colonel. Admitted to the Company of the Artillery Garden (now the Honourable Artillery Company) in 1618. Son of William Manby of London, fishmonger, and his wife Alice, daughter of Thomas Nash of Evesham, Worcestershire. He married Alice, daughter of Mr Long of Wiltshire. Father of William Manby, junior.
Buried 8 Dec. 1660 in St Helen’s Bishopsgate, where his rank of lieutenant-colonel is noted in the parish register.
Member of Fishmongers’ company, treasurer of the Artillery Garden, 1639, and noted as clerk of the Leathersellers’ Hall by Richard Symonds (BL, Harl. 986, p. 14).
Lieutenant in the Red regiment, London Trained Bands (Colonel Thomas Atkin), 1642; by Sept. 1643. Third captain of the White regiment, London Trained Bands (Colonel Isaac Penington) and by Oct. 1646 lieutenant-colonel of the same White regiment, London Trained Bands (Colonel Thomas Player). In 1647 the Presbyterian militia committee put him out in favour of Robert Thomson, but he was re-instated later that year by the Independent militia committee.
References: Vis. London, 1633-5, 2.76; Reg. St Helen’s Bishopsgate, 309; Nagel, ‘London militia’, 316-8; Barriffe, Mars, sig. 2r; BL, Harl. 986, p. 14; A paire of spectacles for the Citie (1648), 9.
Armies: London
Manestey, - - Manestey
Captain in the earl of Manchester’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army, serving until the regiment disbanded. He became a captain in Sir Thomas Fairfax’s regiment of foot in the New Model Army, down to his death in autumn 1645.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.63; Wanklyn, New Model Army, I, 43, 55.
Armies: Eastern Association; New Model Army
Maning, Samuel Samuel Maning
Colonel’s ensign in the Yellow regiment, London Trained Bands (Colonel Sir John Wollaston) in summer 1642.
References: Thrale 1642.
Armies: London
Manley, John John Manley (c.1622-1699)
The third son of Cornelius Manley of Erbistock, Cheshire (died 1623). His elder brothers Francis (later chief justice of the Carmarthen circuit) and Roger (army officer and historian, see Oxford DNB) were both royalists. The surviving pay warrants, covering the periods June to Dec. 1643 and May 1644 to June 1645, give no clue to any rank (frequently, even if the rank is not given in the warrant itself or the signed acquittance, it is noted on the clerk’s endorsement on the back, but not in Manley’s case). He evidently rose to the rank of Captain, the rank with which he appears in a pass to travel abroad in 1652 and in the complaint against him by the sheriff of Denbighshire in 1659 when he and Captain Sontley were active against local royalists (CSPD, 1652, 555; CSPD, 1659-1660, 159).
Apprenticed to a skinner in London in 1639. Greaves dates to 1643 his public attack on infant baptism, on the clergy as unlawful and unchristian and his claim that he was as much an apostle as Paul. He married Isaac Dorislaus’s daughter and was Postmaster-General, 1653-5 and MP for Denbigh in 1659. A loyal servant of the republic in Denbighshire and persecuted after the Restoration for dissent, he returned to London as a brewer, was active in radical Whig politics and was on the fringe of the Rye House Plot and served as a major in Monmouth’s Army. MP for Bridport in 1689.
References: Oxford DNB; HoP: The Commons, 1660-1690, 3.13-4; Greaves and Zaller, BDBR,2.211-2; Tucker, Denbighshire Officers, 69; TNA, SP28/346; CSPD, 1652, 555; CSPD, 1659-1660, 159.
Armies: North Wales
Mann, - - Mann
Captain of dragoons in Kent.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 70.
Armies: Kent; Waller (Southern Association)
Mann, William William Mann
By early 1644 captain in Valentine Walton’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army; he continued to serve in that capacity after John Hobart had taken command of the regiment in spring 1645.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.104.
Armies: Eastern Association
Manwaring, Andrew Andrew Manwaring
Captain in Sir William Waller’s regiment of foot (later of dragoons) from at least 16 Nov. 1643 to Dec. 1644. Perhaps the Captain Mainwaring, captain of a troop of horse in Waller’s Western Army.
References: Spring, Waller’s army,149; Peachey and Turton, Fall of the West, 7.716.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association); Waller (Southern Association)
Manyford, - - Manyford
Cornet.
References: Mayo, Dorset Standing Committee, 377.
Armies: Dorset
Marbury, John John Marbury
An officer in Brereton’s Cheshire Army. Marbury was commissioned Major and had been Major in Brooke’s regiment of foot (though no longer by Apr. 1645). Half-brother to William Marbury of Marbury, deputy-lieutenant and enemy of Brereton, and brother to the latter’s heir Thomas, he seems to have shared William’s alienation (although Dore suggests to a lesser extent than the Booths). In Nov. 1645 he was one of three officers, along with Captains Massey and Whitney of Booth’s regiment, whose arrest was ordered as ‘it appears that they are dangerous and do much disturb the peace of the county’.
References: Dore, Brereton letter books, 2. 225.
Armies: Cheshire
March, William William March
A captain in John Booth’s Lancashire regiment.
References: Gratton, Lancs. war effort, 285.
Armies: Lancashire
Margery, Ralph Ralph Margery
From the raising of the troop in his native Suffolk in autumn 1643, he served as captain of the troop in Oliver Cromwell’s regiment of horse in the Eastern Association Army, through the absorption of the troop in Colonel Pye’s regiment of horse in the New Model Army; Margery continued to serve as captain in that regiment (by then under Rich) until 1653.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 1.23; Wanklyn, New Model Army, I, 53, 63, 74, 83, 95, 108.
Armies: Eastern Association; New Model Army
Markham, Anthony Anthony Markham
Brother of Henry Markham. Captain in Edward Rossiter’s regiment of horse in the Eastern Association Army and stayed with the regiment when it transferred to the New Model Army. He left the regiment in 1648 and in 1649 he succeeded his brother Henry as governor of Belvoir Castle.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.91; Wanklyn, New Model Army, I, 52, 62, 73, 83, 94.
Armies: Eastern Association; New Model Army
Markham, Henry Henry Markham
Brother of Anthony Markham and, like him, having served in Rossiter’s horse regiment in the Eastern Association Army, he transferred with it into the New Model and by the end of 1646 was a captain in the regiment. He left the regiment in 1647 and between Nov. 1647 and Jan. 1649, holding the rank of Major, he was governor of Belvoir Castle. He served in Ireland for much of the 1650s.
References: Wanklyn, New Model Army, I, 73, 83.
Armies: Eastern Association; New Model Army
Markland, Gerrard Gerrard Markland
Markland came from a family of mercers in Wigan, Lancashire captain of a troop in the Lancashire regiment of horse of Colonel Ralph Assheton, senior, later of Colonel Nicholas Shuttleworth. He was owed arrears of £59 17s ⅗d and of £843 19s 1¼d in Oct. 1650.
In Feb. 1644 Markland brought the first summons from Fairfax to the countess of Derby to surrender Lathom House. He later served at the siege of Chester.
In 1659 Markland joined Booth’s Rising.
References: TNA, E121/4/8; Lancashire military proceedings, 163; Dore, Brereton letter books, 2. 437-8.
Armies: Lancashire
Marr, - - Marr
Ensign in Major Archibald’s company in Sir William Waller’s regiment of dragoons.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 145
Armies: Waller (Southern Association)
Marriott, John John Marriott
In late 1644, cornet in the colonel’s own troop in Sir Samuel Luke’s Bedfordshire-based regiment of horse.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 92.
Armies: Bedfordshire
Marrow, George George Marrow
Captain in Viscount Saye and Sele’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 30.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Marrow, Peter Peter Marrow
Captain in Sir John Seaton’s/George Melve’s regiment of dragoons in the earl of Essex’s Army, from or by 30 Nov. 1642 to at least early Mar. 1643.
References: TNA, SP28/4/361, SP28/5/205, 206, 334.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Marsden, Robert Robert Marsden
Lieutenant, and later captain, of a company in Richard Shuttleworth’s (later Ughtred Shuttleworth’s) regiment of foot in Lancashire. He was owed arrears of £632 16s 17½d in May 1659.
Whilst a lieutenant, Marsden fought with distinction at the defeat of the earl of Derby at Whalley, 20 Apr. 1643: ‘Amongst those that came in to them…was Marsden then a lieutenant after mad a captaine, a man of courage and hardie spirit. He incouradged the souldiers much with manly words to goe one, God would fight for them, and the like’ (Warr in Lancashire, 33). Commissioned captain in Thomas Birch’s militia regiment of foot in Lancashire, 16 Aug. 1650.
References: TNA, E121/4/8; Warr in Lancashire, 33; CSPD, 1650, 509.
Armies: Lancashire
Marsh, - - Marsh
A captain in Cheshire. He is mentioned in a passing reference, dated Warrington, 10 Oct. 1644, to goods taken up to ‘Captain Marshes’.
References: TNA, SP28/225, f. 6.
Armies: Cheshire
Marsh, John John Marsh
Of Shenley, Hertfordshire, and owner of a St Albans inn. In 1643 captain in and then lieutenant-colonel of one of the militia-based regiments of foot in Hertfordshire.
References: A. Thompson, The Impact of the First Civil War on Hertfordshire, 1642-47 (2007), xxiii.
Armies: Hertfordshire
Marshall, - - Marshall
A captain serving with Sir William Waller’s army in June and July 1644. Possibly the same Captain Marshall who was in Christopher Potley’s/David Leighton’s regiment of foot.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, app. 2, p. 3.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association)
Marshall, - - Marshall
Lieutenant in Thomas Essex’s regiment of foot in 1643. He was accused of involvement in the royalist plot to betray Bristol to the king’s army in the published confession of Robert Yeamans. He is there described as commanding the sergeant-major’s company.
References: Peachey and Turton, Fall of the West, 6.650-l; Seyer, Bristol,389.
Armies: Bristol
Marshall, - - Marshall
Of Stokesley, Yorkshire (North Riding), a parliamentarian lieutenant in Yorkshire.
References: Hopper, ‘Yorkshire parliamentarians’, 95.
Armies: Yorkshire
Marshall, - - Marshall
Captain in Christopher Potley’s/David Leighton’s regiment of foot.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 113.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association)
Marshall, John John Marshall
Ensign in the Colonel’s company in Edward King’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 1.47.
Armies: Eastern Association
Marshall, Lewis Lewis Marshall
In 1643-4 lieutenant in Francis De Latoure’s troop in Waller’s regiment of horse. Although cashiered from that regiment for abusing his Captain, by the beginning of 1645 he had become lieutenant in Francis Duett’s troop in Edmund Ludlow’s regiment of horse.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 91, 147.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association)
Martin, - - Martin
In Apr. 1645, on the eve of its disbandment, lieutenant in William Wade’s company in the regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army then commanded by Sir Thomas Hoogan and formerly by Sir John Palgrave.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.80.
Armies: Eastern Association
Martin, - – Martin
Cornet, Captain Newdigate’s troop of horse.
References: Peachey and Turton, Fall of the West, 5.531.
Armies: Dorset
Martin, Gabriel Gabriel Martin
Early in 1645 he probably became a captain in the earl of Essex’s own regiment of horse, commanded by Stapleton, succeeding Lionel Copley, to whom he had been Lieutenant. Like several officers of that regiment in the earl of Essex’s Army, he transferred to the New Model Army in spring 1645, becoming a captain in Thomas Sheffield’s New Model horse regiment and serving in that capacity until summer 1647.
References: Wanklyn, New Model Army, 1. 51, 61, 72, 82, 150
Armies: Earl of Essex; New Model Army
Martin, John John Martin
Successively cornet in Captain Newdigate’s troop in Sir Walter Erle’s regiment, lieutenant in Captain Blackford’s Dorset troop, and lieutenant in Captain Jaques’s troop in Waller’s regiment of horse in the Southern Association Army.
References: Spring, Waller’s army,149
Armies: Waller (Southern Association)
Martin, John John Martin
Ensign in Captain Titus’s company in Thomas Ayloffe’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army in Apr. 1645.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 1.9.
Armies: Eastern Association
Martin [Martyn], Robert Robert Martin [Martyn]
Captain of a company at Dartmouth and Plymouth in 1642-3, which served in the summer of 1643 at the defence of Exeter.
By Mar. 1644 Martin was a lieutenant-colonel at Plymouth. Following the death of Colonel William Gould on 27 Mar., the command of the town was put in commission to the mayor, Colonel Crocker and Martin, until Parliament sent down a new governor. On 16 Apr. the other two passed full command to Martin, who ordered various sallies against the royalist blockade. He was still in command in early July, by which time Colonel James Kerr had arrived from London to take command. Martin was buried in St. Andrew’s church, Plymouth, in Oct. 1644.
References: Peachey and Turton, Fall of the West, 3.361, 4.441; Worth, History of Plymouth, 111-5; Continuation.
Armies: Devon
Martyn [Martin], Francis Francis Martyn [Martin]
At the start of the war lieutenant-colonel in Ballard’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army. When Ballard left in summer 1643, he succeeded him as the regiment’s colonel and as such led it under Essex at the relief of Gloucester and first battle of Newbury in 1643. In spring 1644 Martyn and part of the regiment garrisoned Aylesbury, until its disbandment in autumn or winter 1645-6. As such, he features from time to time in Sir Samuel Luke’s letter books and a handful of letters to or by him survive there.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 43; Luke Letter Books, nos. 256, 821, 824, 888.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mase, John John Mase
Lieutenant in Sir Thomas Myddelton’s North Wales Army. Surviving warrants record payments to him, authorised by Sir Thomas Myddelton, covering the period 22 July to 1 Dec. 1643; it is notable than in the endorsements he makes a mark and so presumably was unable to sign his name.
References: TNA, SP28/346, no. 260.
Armies: North Wales
Masham, Anthony Anthony Masham
Lieutenant in Lord Wharton’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 31.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Maskall, - - Maskall
Ensign in Major William Bridges’s company in the Worcestershire regiment of foot (Colonels Edward Rous/William Dingley [Dineley]), 16 Apr. 1646.
References: TNA, SP28/138, part 17, f. 51r.
Armies: Worcestershire
Mason, Benjamin Benjamin Mason
Captain in Colonel John Fiennes’s regiment of horse in Oxfordshire. On 10 Aug. 1644 he was paid £50 at London to set forth his troop and to discharge his soldiers’ quarters, convoying arms and saddles to the regiment; on 20 Aug. £27 1s 11d was paid to several innkeepers in Warwick for discharging the quarters of Fiennes’s and Mason’s troops. He last appears in the accounts on 4 Sept. 1644, a significant omission as the captains are generally recorded thereafter up to the regiment’s disbandment in Aug. 1645.
References: TNA, SP28/139, Part 19, f. 205r.
Armies: Oxfordshire
Mason, Besney Besney Mason
Colonel’s ensign in the Orange regiment, London Trained Bands (Colonel John Towse) in summer 1642.
References: Thrale 1642.
Armies: London
Mason, Bestney Bestney Mason
Captain in the regiment of dragoons in the earl of Essex’s Army which was commanded by Sir John Seaton and then George Melve in 1642-3.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 57.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mason, John John Mason
In 1644 appointed by John Hutchinson captain of a newly-formed company of foot raised for the townsmen of Nottingham to defend the town. According to Lucy Hutchinson’s account, he soon became a rotten egg, recalcitrant, disobedient, a supporter of her husband’s opponents and perhaps a closet royalist.
References: Hutchinson, Life, 168, 180, 191, 192, 204, 206, 210, 225.
Armies: Nottinghamshire
Mason, Thomas Thomas Mason
Probably a late arrival in Sir Thomas Myddelton’s Army in North Wales, described by Thomas Mytton to the Speaker in 1646 as ‘a soldier these 20 years and lost his command in Ireland because he refused to bear arms against the Parl.’. He probably joined no earlier than 1644, sat on a council of war of 11 Apr. 1645 (Dore, Brereton letter books, 1. 194), and serving under Mytton was prominent in the conquest of North Wales in 1645-6. There he remained, serving as a commissioner for the propagation of the gospel in Wales and he fell under the radical influence of Morgan Llwyd and Vavasor Powell (his support for them in 1653-4 lost him his place as commissioner).
References: Dore, Brereton letter books, 1. 144, 194.
Armies: North Wales
Mason, William William Mason
Ensign in Captain Richard Hill’s company in Sir Arthur Hesilrige’s/James Holborne’s regiment of foot.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 59.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association)
Massey [Massie], Edward Edward Massey [Massie] (died 1674)
He was the fifth of eleven sons of John Massey of Coddington, Cheshire, and Anne (born 1582), daughter of Richard Grosvenor of Eaton, Cheshire. He was probably born between 1610 and 1615.
See Oxford DNB, which covers fully his military career in the 1640s, his political Presbyterianism in the late 1640s, his royalism in the 1650s and his post-Restoration career.
MP for Wootton Bassett in 1646 and for Gloucester in Convention and Cavalier Parliaments.
He served in the Low Countries and in the Bishops’ War of 1639-40 as a captain of Pioneers under Colonel William Legge.
According to the hostile Clarendon he was with the King at York in 1642 and only decided to join the Parliamentarian cause when he saw no chance of preferment; he later claimed that he had been undecided between the two sides, but was persuaded by parliament’s claims of self-defence and constitutional conservatism.
He became lieutenant-colonel in the earl of Stamford’s regiment. When Stamford marched west in the autumn of 1642, Massey was left at Gloucester with a regiment, formally as deputy-governor under Stamford and from June 1643 as governor. He became a leading figure in the defence of the town, especially after the storming of Cirencester on 2 Feb. 1643 swept away many of the local levies. Shortly before that, he had taken Sudeley Castle, which now had to be abandoned. In June 1643 he was formally made governor of Gloucester, and commanded there throughout the siege (Aug. 1643) and until May 1645. Warmington, Glos., and Warmington’s biography in Oxford DNB provide excellent accounts both of Massey’s military achievements in 1643-5, and his ability to feud with Gloucester civilians of any political hue and his own officers.
In May 1645 Massey was appointed general of the forces of the Western Association (Devon, Cornwall, Somerset, Dorset and Wilts). His brigade earned a reputation for disorder.
A leading Presbyterian. An enemy of the New Model Army, which opposed his appointment as lieutenant-general of the army in Ireland in 1647. In Aug. he was one of the eleven Presbyterian MPs singled out as incendiaries by the army, and fled to the Netherlands when it occupied London.
References: Oxford DNB; Warmington, Glos.; R. Howes, ‘Sources for the life of Colonel Massey’, Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society, 112 (1994), 127-41.
Armies: Gloucestershire
Massey, Edward Edward Massey (1604x09-1674)
Born a younger son of John Massey of Coddington, Cheshire. Two of his younger brothers, George and Robert, served under him during the civil war. He probably fought on the continent during the 1620s and 1630s and in the Scots Wars of 1639-40. In 1642 he supported parliament and became lieutenant-colonel in the earl of Stamford’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army. As such, in winter 1642-3 he remained with much of the regiment, its commander in all but name, when Stamford moved on to take command of parliament’s forces in Devon. Commanding Stamford’s old regiment – he was in due course appointed its Colonel, probably in Nov. 1643 – and raising further troops, Massey supported Waller’s campaigns in the region during the opening months of 1643, including the recapture of Cirencester, the engagements at Highnam and Ripple and renewed attempts upon Hereford and Worcester, but by summer 1643 he and his men were bottled up in Gloucester; his stout defence of the town in the face of a huge and lengthy royalist siege during summer 1643 made Massey a hero in the eyes of many parliamentarians. Although still short of money and resources and also involved in sometimes vicious squabbles with parliamentarian administrators and some members of the county committee, during 1644 and early 1645 Massey was able to go on the offensive, slowly recovering much of Gloucestershire, venturing into Herefordshire and Mons. and capturing a string of royalist bases, including Westbury, Newnham, Beverston Castle, Malmesbury, Tewkesbury, Beachley and Monmouth.
In May 1645 he was given a broader remit by parliament as general of a western brigade which supported the relief of Taunton and parts of the New Model’s campaign in the area, including the battle of Langport and the capture of Bridgwater.
In autumn 1646 much of Massey’s Western Army was disbanded and he took his seat as Recruiter MP in the Long Parliament. Always a moderate, by 1647 he was seen as a leading political Presbyterian and opponent of the New Model Army. He went into exile in the Netherlands for a time, was back in England and in London by late 1648 but was secluded and imprisoned at Pride’s Purge. In 1649 he escaped and fled to the continent. By 1650-1 he was openly supporting the royalist cause in Scotland and was an officer in the Scottish-royalist army of invasion in summer 1651, but he was badly wounded a few days before the battle of Worcester. He recovered and was again imprisoned, but he again escaped and went abroad. He was back by 1660, actively supporting the Restoration, which brought him a knighthood, office and a renewal of his parliamentary career.
References: Oxford DNB.
Armies: Earl of Essex; Gloucestershire; Massey Brigade
Massey, George George Massey (born 1614x19)
Ninth son of John Massey of Coddington, Cheshire, and Anne (born 1582), daughter of Richard Grosvenor of Eaton, Cheshire and younger brother of Colonel Edward Massey, governor of Gloucester.
Massey was not initially in the earl of Stamford’s regiment of foot (of which his brother was Lieutenant-Colonel). By 18 Aug. 1643 he was at Gloucester, when he was engaged in a sally, and a few weeks later was wounded when the parliamentarians were outnumbered at Bruckthrop Hill. He was governor of Sudeley Castle, Gloucs., by Dec. 1644, when the garrison mutinied: over pay, according to one account, whilst another conceded that Massey had killed the ringleader, but had merely pricked him in the thigh (the same account, somewhat implausibly, claimed that they mutinied because their pay was just one day late). Sir Samuel Luke was told that Massey ‘has killed a gentleman there [Sudeley], whereupon there arose such a mutiny in the castle that he was forced to fly to his brother at Gloucester for relief’ (Luke, Letter books, 117).
If so, Gloucester was still too close and he needed to get further away. By 30 Apr. 1645 Masssey was serving in Sir William Brereton’s Army around Chester, as captain in George Booth’s regiment of foot. About a week later Captain Massey, ‘brother to the governor of Gloucester, and near 20 gentlemen and officers and about 40 common soldiers’ were taken in and about Wrexham by Welsh royalists (Dore, Brereton letter books, 1. 369-70).
Massey had been released by 7 Nov. 1645, when the committees for examinations at Westminster ordered the arrest of Massey (alongside Major John Marbury and Captain Hugh Whitney) upon complaints received from which it appeared that ‘they are dangerous and do much disturb the peace of the county’ (Dore, Brereton letter books, 2. 225). The reasons are uncertain, and Dore suggests that in Marbury’s and Whitney’s case they may have been victims of the clash between Brereton and his Cheshire enemies. If George shared his brother’s Presbyterianism, he may also have been brought in as against Brereton. However, given his past reputation, and if he was like his brother in behaviour, he might very well have been guilty of the charge.
References: Peachey and Turton, Fall of the West, 6.644-6; Bibliotheca Gloucestreiensis, xcix, 74-5, 216; The Letter Books of Sir Samuel Luke, ed. H.G. Tibbutt, Bedfordshire RS, 42 (1963), 117; Dore, Brereton letter books, 1. 325, 330, 366, 369-70, 2. 225; J.W. Willis Bund, The Civil War in Worcestershire, 1642-1646, and the Scotch invasion of 1651 (1905), 145;J.P. Rylands, ed., Cheshire and Lancashire Funeral Certificates, A.D. 1600 to 1678, RS of Lancashire and Cheshire, vol. 6 (1882), 98, 101 [for calculation of date of birth].
Armies: Gloucestershire; Cheshire
Massey, George George Massey
Captain. A younger son of John Massey of Coddington, Cheshire, and Anne (born 1582), daughter of Richard Grosvenor of Eaton, Cheshire and younger brother of Colonel Edward Massey. He was not initially in the earl of Stamford’s regiment of foot (of which his brother was Lieutenant-Colonel). He was engaged in a sally on 18 Aug., and a few weeks later was wounded when the parliamentarians were outnumbered at Bruckthrop Hill. He was governor of Sudeley Castle, Gloucestershire by Dec. 1644, when the garrison mutinied: over pay, according to one account, although Sir Samuel Luke was told that Massey ‘has killed a gentleman there [Sudeley], whereupon there arose such a mutiny in the castle that he was forced to fly to his brother at Gloucester for relief.’
References: Peachey and Turton, Fall of the West, 6. 644-6; Bibliotheca, xcix, 74-5, 216; Luke Letter Books, 117 (for quotation).
Armies: Gloucestershire
Massey [Massye], Hugh Hugh Massey [Massye]
Despite his Cheshire name, Dore could not place Hugh Massey with either the Coddington or Audlem families of that name who both provided parliamentarian army officers.
By autumn 1644 Massey was a captain in Sir Thomas Myddelton's brigade, serving in Sept. in Myddelton's invasion of Montgomeryshire, and on 2 Oct. with the detachment that stormed the Red Castle. By mid Jan. 1646 Massey was acting along with Captain William Daniel of Sir William Brereton’s Army in besieging Holt Castle. By then, like the remainder of Myddelton’s original brigade, Massey was serving under Colonel (acting Major-General) Thomas Mytton.
References: Dore, Brereton letter books, 1. 520; Phillips, Wales, 2.212; National Library of Wales, Chirk Castle Ms. 1/Biii, 93.
Armies: North Wales
Massey, William William Massey
Of the Moss House, Audlem, Cheshire. Lieutenant-colonel of George Booth’s regiment of foot in Cheshire on 30 Apr. 1645. He succeeded Booth as colonel following the latter’s resignation by 8 May 1645. He was for a time governor of Chester, and was serving as such on 30 June 1647 when he was arrested by mutineers.
Massey was active in Booth’s Rising in 1659.
References: Dore, Brereton letter books,1. 55, 327; Morrill, Cheshire, 200-1, 295.
Armies: Cheshire
Massingberg, Drayner Drayner Massingberg
Captain in Lord Willoughby’s regiment of horse in the earl of Essex’s Army and the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.108.
Armies: Earl of Essex; Eastern Association
Masters, Edward Edward Masters
Cornet in Captain Francis Sydenham’s Dorset troop of dragoons, references June and July 1643. By Oct. 1646, a captain, and evidently serving (1 Dec. 1647) in the Poole garrison.
References: Peachey and Turton, Fall of the West, 5.536-7; Mayo, Dorset Standing Committee, 41, 295, 377.
Armies: Dorset
Masters, William William Masters
By Dec. 1643, captain in William Springate’s regiment of Kentish foot, later entering Ralph Weldon’s regiment of foot when Springate’s regiment was broken up in 1644.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 126.
Armies: Kent; Waller (Southern Association)
Masterson, William William Masterson
Captain in Jonas Vandruske’s regiment of horse by 21 Jan. 1644. He was captured (possibly at the second battle of Newbury) and was released from imprisonment from Donnington Castle in Nov. 1644.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 138.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association)
Masterton, - - Masterton
Captain of a company in St Augustine Lathe regiment of auxiliaries garrisoning Canterbury by 26 Jan. 1648.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 76.
Armies: Kent
Mathew, Simon Simon Mathew
Captain in Colonel George Melve’s regiment of dragoons in the earl of Essex’s Army, as confirmed by pay warrants of 23 Jan. and 25 May 1643.
References: TNA, SP28/5/115, SP28/7/92.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mathews, Humphrey Humphrey Mathews
Lieutenant-colonel. Lieutenant-colonel in the Gloucester garrison. An officer in the Gloucester city regiment of foot commanded by Henry Stephens (and later Edward Massey and Thomas Morgan). In Aug. 1643 he was part of a sally against the royalist forces approaching Gloucester.
References: Peachey and Turton, Fall of the West, 6.625-7; Bibliotheca, 208.
Armies: Gloucestershire
Mathews, Richard Richard Mathews
Captain. A captain in Gloucestershire. On 26 Aug. 1646 Colonel Thomas Morgan, governor of Gloucester, ordered him to issue warrants to the chief constable of Berkeley Hundred to summon men to slight Berkeley castle.
References: HMC, Fifth Report, 356.
Armies: Gloucestershire
Mathias [Matthews], Christopher Christopher Mathias [Matthews]
Captain in the earl of Essex’s own regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 25.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mattersby, - - Mattersby
Captain-Lieutenant of the Colonel’s company in the earl of Manchester’s regiment of foot, known to have served 7 May-15 July 1644.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 1.61.
Armies: Eastern Association
Mattersey, John John Mattersey
Lieutenant in Lord Brooke’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 34.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Matthew, Robert Robert Matthew
A clothier of Leeds, Yorkshire (W. Riding). Captain in Yorkshire.
References: Hopper, ‘Yorkshire parliamentarians’, 113 [citing TNA, SP19/123/15; SP19/23/23; SP19/158/128; SP23/135/239].
Armies: Yorkshire
Matthews, - - Matthews
An officer in, perhaps lieutenant-colonel of, Nathaniel Whetham’s Northampton-based regiment of foot.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 165.
Armies: Northamptonshire
Matthews, Henry Henry Matthews
Cornet in the Colonel’s troop in John Middleton’s regiment of horse by 1 Mar. 1644, but by 13 Mar. another officer had succeeded to that position.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 96.
Armies: Earl of Essex; Waller (Southern Association)
Matthews, Humphrey Humphrey Matthews
Initially an officer in the Hull garrison. He was lent with a company of 140 men to Sir John Gell in Oct. 1642 and formed the initial core of Gell’s forces in Derbyshire. In Nov. an order came from Hull for his arrest for reasons that are unclear, and he was taken prisoner back there (Gell allegedly got hold of some of Mathews’s property which he left with his landlord for safekeeping, and as late as 1658 Mathews was threatening to kill him on sight). On 13 Mar. he was a prisoner in the Gatehouse prison, Westminster, ordered to be sent to Ipswich. However, he must have been soon released. He became lieutenant-colonel in the Gloucester city regiment of foot commanded by Henry Stephens (and later Edward Massey and Thomas Morgan). In Aug. 1643 he was part of a sally against the royalist forces approaching Gloucester.
References: Peachey and Turton, Fall of the West, 6.625-7; Bibliotheca, 208; Brighton, ‘Civil War’, 44; Brighton, ‘Governor’, 1-3; JHC, 2 (1640-1643), 1000-2.
Armies: Yorkshire, Derbyshire, Gloucestershire
Matthews, Nicholas Nicholas Matthews
Captain in Lord Willoughby’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.111.
Armies: Eastern Association
Matthews, Richard Richard Matthews
Captain.
References: Bayley, Civil War in Dorset, 337.
Armies: Dorset
Matthews, Simon Simon Matthews
Lieutenant of Lord Grey’s troop of horse in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642, according to the contemporary printed list.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 48.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Matthews, Thomas Thomas Matthews
Lieutenant in Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Thorpe’s troop in George Thompson’s regiment of horse.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 141.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association)
Mauleverer, James James Mauleverer (baptised 1590/1, died 1664)
Of Arncliffe, Yorkshire (North Riding), second and eldest surviving son of William Mauleverer (baptised 1557, died 1618) of Wodersome, Yorkshire. He married Beatrice, daughter of Sir Timothy Hutton.
Mauleverer was colonel of a regiment which he raised for service in the North, but which never got there.
References: Jones, ‘War in the North’, 392; Hopper, ‘Yorkshire parliamentarians’, 92.
Armies: Northern Army (Fairfax)
Mauleverer, John John Mauleverer (1610/11-1650)
Of Letwell township, Laughten-en-le-Morthen, Yorkshire (West Riding), eldest son of John Maulverer of Letwell and his wife Margaret Lewis. He married Dorcas, daughter and coheir of John Matthew and granddaughter of Archbishop Tobie Matthew.
Mauleverer was first active in the Rotherham area, fleeing to the West Riding clothing districts in May 1643 after the local triumph of the royalists. He may have commanded the south Yorkshire forces at Adwalton Moor. He headed the list of prisoners captured at Bradford on 2/3 July 1643, but was soon released or escaped.
He went to Hull where, probably in Mar. or Apr. 1644, he was made colonel of the garrison regiment. In Apr. 1645 Sir Thomas Fairfax, appointed governor, upon his father’s recommendation, made Mauleverer his deputy-governor (i.e. de facto governor). Hull’s MP Peregrine Pelham reported some dissatisfaction at the appointment, though the town welcomed him both then and in 1648. He was superseded at Hull by Robert Overton about Mar. 1648.
In 1648 Mauleverer commanded a regiment of foot at the siege of Pontefract. The regiment remained in being after the castle’s surrender. On 4 May 1650 it was one of five selected to form a ‘marching army’, and accordingly, Mauleverer led it into Scotland, where he died of ‘the megrims’ at Edinburgh in Dec. On 28 Dec. 1650, supporting the claims of his widow and seven children, Cromwell commended him to the Commons as one who ‘had a spirit very much beyond his natural strength of body, having undergone many fits of sickness during his hard service in the field’ (Firth and Davies, Regimental history, 2.530). Command of the regiment passed to Richard Deane.
References: Jones, ‘War in the North’, 392; Oxford DNB; Firth and Davies, Regimental history,2. 529-530; Hopper, ‘Yorkshire parliamentarians’, 113; Wanklyn, New Model Army, I, 162.
Armies: Yorkshire; Northern Army (Fairfax); Northern Army (Poyntz); Northern Army (Lambert); New Model Army
Mauleverer, Sir Thomas, first baronet Sir Thomas Mauleverer, first baronet (baptised 1599, died 1655)
Of Allerton Mauleverer, Yorkshire (West Riding). Baptised 9 Apr. 1599, eldest son of Sir Richard Mauleverer of Allerton Mauleverer (c.1528–1603), high sheriff of Yorkshire in 1588, and his second wife Katherine, daughter of Sir Ralph Bourchier of Beningbrough. He married (1) Mary, daughter of Sir Richard Hutton, Justice of Common Pleas; (2) Elizabeth (d. 1653), daughter of Thomas Wilbraham of Woodhey, Cheshire.
MP for Boroughbridge in the Long Parliament and a regicide.
Lord Fairfax appointed him as a negotiator of the local neutrality pact made at Rothwell on 29 Sept. 1642. After its rapid collapse, Mauleverer was besieged at his house until rescued by some of Fairfax’s horse.
Maulverer claimed to have raised two regiments of foot (Oxford DNB says one) and a troop of horse early in the war. He was associated with James Mauleverer. He was present at Adwalton Moor (30 June 1643), escaping from the rout by boat from Selby to Hull with Lord Fairfax, and at Nantwich (Jan. 1644).
(His son Richard (baptised 1623, died 1675) fought for the king, for which his father took away his £500 annual allowance; he was knighted at Oxford in 1645, was captured in a royalist rising in Yorkshire in 1655 and escaped from Chester Castle.)
Sir Thomas died in or by 1655.
References: Hopper, ‘Yorkshire parliamentarians’, 102;Greaves and Zaller, British radicals, 2.228; Keeler, Long Parliament, 270-1; HoP: the Commons, 1640-1660 (forthcoming).
Armies: Yorkshire
Maunder, Richard Richard Maunder
In 1642 cornet in James Sheffield’s troop of horse in the earl of Essex’s Army and then Cornet of the Colonel’s own troop in Sheffield’s regiment of horse in Essex’s Army probably from its formation in summer 1643 through to its disbandment in spring 1645; unlike several officers of the regiment, he did not transfer to the New Model Army.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 49; Wanklyn, New Model Army, 1. 150.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Maurice, David David Maurice
Son of Thomas Maurice of Llangedwin, Montgomeryshire.
By Jan. 1644 Maurice was senior commissary officer to Sir Thomas Myddelton. He served in that role with Myddelton’s brigade when it invaded Montgomeryshire in Sept. 1644, and into 1645 supervised the magazines at Myddelton’s castle strongholds at Montgomery and Red Castle. By 1646 Maurice was second-in-command at Chirk Castle (occupied by parliamentary forces in early Mar.), and by 1648 was described as a gentleman of Chirk Castle, leasing a house at Halton in Chirk parish from Myddelton until his death in 1653. Maurice’s will was dated 25 Apr. and proved on 29 July by his widow Ellin and father Thomas.
References: TNA, SP28/346, Part 1, no. 301, Part 2, no.14; National Library of Wales, Chirk Castle Ms. 1/Biii, 93; W.M. Myddelton, Chirk Castle Accounts, 1605-1666 (1908), 21n. and passim.
Armies: North Wales
Mauser, Joseph Joseph Mauser
In 1645-6, by which time it was commanded by John Fielder, ensign in Lieutenant-Colonel Jeremy Baines’s company in the Surrey regiment of foot based at Farnham Castle.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 74.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association); Surrey
Mawdesley, William William Mawdesley
Commissioned captain in Gilbert Ireland’s militia regiment of foot in Lancashire, 16 Aug. 1650.
References: CSPD, 1650, 509.
Armies: Lancashire
Maxey, - - Maxey
In May 1643, captain serving in one of the three regiments of foot formed from the Essex militia, part of the Eastern Association Army that contributed to the siege of Reading in spring 1643, the siege of Greenland House in summer 1644 and probably to some other actions in which the Army was involved.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 1.33.
Armies: Eastern Association
May, - - May
Cornet in the Colonel’s troop in Sir Michael Livesay’s Kentish regiment of horse by 24 Apr. 1643.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 79.
Armies: Kent, Waller (Southern Association)
May, - - May
Captain in Randall Mainwaring’s Red regiment of foot, in Olney, Bedfordshire, in Nov. 1643 when Edmund Harvey’s regiment of London horse was routed by the royalists.
References: George Paine, A true relationof all the skirmishes between our forces and the Cavaliers at Owlny (1643), 3.
Armies: Bedfordshire
May, - - May
Captain in Thomas Rainsborough’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.90.
Armies: Eastern Association
May, Anthony Anthony May
Ensign in Captain Henry Catcott’s company in the Arundel Rape Trained Bands by 10 Dec. 1643.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 124.
Armies: Sussex
May, Thomas Thomas May
Lieutenant in Captain Arthur Saville’s company in Strode’s Trained Band regiment, 19 Sept. 1642.
References: Peachey and Turton, Fall of the West, 5.549.
Armies: Somerset: Col. William Strode’s Trained Band Regt.
Maynard, Thomas Thomas Maynard
Captain in the regiment of dragoons in the earl of Essex’s Army which was commanded by Sir John Seaton and then George Melve, by early Mar. 1643 until at least late June 1643.
References: TNA, SP28/5/205, SP28/7/452.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mazieres, - - Mazieres
Colonel of a regiment of horse raised in Essex in summer 1643. However, it experienced difficulties recruiting and seems to have been quite short-lived, disappearing from the records by spring 1644. Mazieres himself was French, his brief command of this regiment seems to have been his only military contribution to the civil war and in 1645, orders having been given for his arrears of pay to be met, he returned to France.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.67; Holmes, Eastern Association, 176, 177.
Armies: Eastern Association
Mazy [Massey], Francis Francis Mazy [Massey]
Captain in a London militia regiment in 1647, put out by the Presbyterian militia committee in 1647, ‘for stopping and breaking open the Scotch Letters in May last, though the thing was approved and hee acquitted by the House of Commons; yet Alderman Bonch [Bunce] said it was a Jesuetticall plott to keepe him in’ (Clarke Papers, 1.155).
After the entry of the New Model Army into London in Aug. 1647, he was appointed captain in the Tower regiment (Colonel Robert Tichborne).
References: Clarke Papers, 1.155; Firth and Davies, Regimental History, 2.572.
Armies: London
McKenzie, George George McKenzie
In spring 1645, lieutenant-colonel of the regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army commanded successively by Colonels James Holborne and William Davies. Unlike Davies himself and a few of his other officers, he did not transfer to the New Model Army.
References: Wanklyn, New Model Army, 1. 149.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Meadows, - - Meadows
Down to June 1644, captain in the earl of Manchester’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.65.
Armies: Eastern Association
Meares, Moses Moses Meares
Captain in the Red regiment, London Auxiliaries (Colonel Samuel Harsnett), commanding a company from Fetter Lane and Holborn (uncertain date, probably 1644). Major of the same regiment on 22 Oct. 1646.
References: TNA, SP28/121A, Part 5, f. 620 r. & v.; Nagel, ‘London militia’, 317; Marshall, Essex funeral, 12.
Armies: London
Medcalfe, Robert Robert Medcalfe
Commissioned captain in a regiment of foot in the Yorkshire militia.
References: CSPD, 1650, 506.
Armies: Yorkshire
Medlam, Thomas Thomas Medlam
Medlam served in Nottinghamshire, and was successively Gentleman of the Arms in Captain Charles White’s troop of horse, 14 Dec.-4 Aug. 1643; Cornet in Captain Lawrence Palmer’s troop of horse, 11 Sept. 1643-21 June 1645; and lieutenant in Captain Michael Dolphin’s troop of horse (formerly Palmer’s), 21 June 1645-7 Nov. 1646.
References: TNA, SP28/133, Part 2, ff. 83r.-88v.
Armies: Nottinghamshire
Meech, Henry Henry Meech
Cornet.
References: Mayo, Dorset Standing Committee, 387.
Armies: Dorset
Meering, William William Meering
Lieutenant in Captain Needham’s company in John Barker’s/Thomas Willoughby’s regiment of foot.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 23.
Armies: Warwickshire
Meldrum, John John Meldrum
Not the Sir John Meldrum who was active in the East Midlands and whose attempt to capture Newark in Mar. 1644 ended in disaster. This separate and different John Meldrum began the civil war as one of Balfour’s officers – initially, in 1642, as lieutenant in Balfour’s troop of horse in the earl of Essex’s Army – but in 1643 was promoted to colonel and commissioned to raise a new regiment of horse. He and his regiment fought under Waller in spring 1644, including at the battle of Cheriton where Meldrum was wounded and he died, presumably from those wounds, a few weeks later. His regiment was reduced and absorbed into one of the regiments in the earl of Essex’s Army.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 101; Peacock, Army lists, 48; TNA, SP28/4/146, SP28/5/521, SP28/7/285.
Armies: Earl of Essex; Waller (Southern Association).
Meldrum, Sir John Sir John Meldrum (died 1645)
Born probably in the early 1580s, of obscure Scottish origins and little is known of his parentage or early life. He seems to have fought with Scottish or English forces in Ireland in the early seventeenth century, as well as on the continent. He was knighted by James I in 1622. He later supported Buckingham’s Ile de Rhé expedition before returning to fighting in the Thirty Years War.
In summer 1642 he came out strongly in support of parliament and commanded a body of reinforcements sent to strengthen and to hold Hull, beating off a rather lacklustre royalist siege. In Aug. and early Sept. he supported Waller in his recapture of Portsmouth. In effect he commanded Viscount Saye and Sele’s regiment of foot and two other regts. forming an infantry brigade under him at the battle of Edgehill. He formally took command of the regiment soon after and led it until summer 1643.
From the latter half of 1643 onwards Meldrum was generally employed to lead or support operations in the (East) Midlands: ‘a trouble-shooter in the midlands’ is how the Oxford DNB describes this phase of his military career. Despite the failure of his siege operation against Newark in spring 1644 and the ignominy of having to surrender his army to Rupert, he was generally quite successful in this role; he played an important part in the victory at Montgomery in summer 1644 and went on to recapture Liverpool later in the year. In spring 1645 he had command of the siege of Scarborough. He survived both falling from the cliff-top, when his cloak acted as a parachute, and being ‘shot through the Codds’, but in May he was shot in the stomach when leading the assault and endured probably a long and lingering death from that wound.
References: Oxford DNB
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mellor, Henry Henry Mellor
Presumably a kinsman of Robert Mellor of Derby. Captain of foot in Derbyshire. In Dec. 1644 he was one of the signatories of a petition of Derbyshire officers against Sir John Gell.
References: Brighton, ‘Governor’, 26.
Armies: Derbyshire
Mellor, Robert Robert Mellor (died 1656)
Of Derby, son and heir of Henry Mellor, first mayor of Derby, and himself a mercer of Derby. He married (1) Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Willimot of Chadsdon, Derbyshire and (2) Susanna, daughter of Henry Sanders, citizen of London.
Mellor raised a company for Sir John Gell’s regiment of foot from the burgesses of Derby in 1642. In Mar. 1643 he was left to garrison Derby when Gell went to take command at the siege of Lichfield after Lord Brooke’s death. By the end of 1644 (if not earlier) Mellor, a county committeeman, was restive about the way Gell managed to exclude all but those closest to him from the administration of the war effort, and in 1645 he fell out with him. In Sept. Sir John’s enemies proposed Mellor as a candidate to stand against his brother Thomas Gell in the recruiter election for Derby. Sir John disrupted Mellor’s campaign by sending Mellor and his company first to Chatsworth and then to join Poyntz in the attack on Newark, and it was only in Jan. 1647 that the Commons committee of privileges ruled that Thomas Gell’s election should stand.
By 1650 Mellor was a sequestration commissioner.
References: Vis. Derbyshire, 18; Turbutt, Derbyshire, 3.1061, 1063, 1066, 1068, 1070, 1085, 1099.
Armies: Derbyshire
Melson, Edward Edward Melson
Lieutenant in Rochford’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 32.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Melve, George George Melve
When its original colonel, Sir John Seaton, headed North in winter 1642-3, Melve – on 19 Nov. 1642 a pay warrant had been issued for him as a colonel and general adjutant for the earl of Essex’s Army – was given command of his regiment of dragoons in the earl of Essex’s Army, though the regiment seems to have been broken up in summer 1643.
On the evening of 23 Apr. 1643, Essex sent out Melve with four troops of his dragoons, in a party with horse led by John Middleton and Sir John Meldrum, which clashed with royalists at Dorchester upon Thames.
‘Melve’ is his own spelling of his name, though others sometimes spelt his name Mill or Mills.
He is probably the reformado colonel paid by warrants dated 29 Feb. and 29 Apr. 1644.
References: TNA, SP28/3b/406, SP28/5/204, 225, 334, 340, SP28/7/79, 94, 348, 401, SP28/9/255, SP28/12/179, SP28/14/384; JHL, 6.17.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Melve, Thomas Thomas Melve
Captain in the regiment of dragoons in the earl of Essex’s Army which was commanded by Sir John Seaton and then by (presumably his kinsman) George Melve in 1642-3, from at least mid-Mar. 1643. He continued in that role despite the breaking up of George Melve’s regiment in summer 1643 and served as a Dragoon captain in the earl of Essex’s Army until at least mid-Feb. 1644.
References: TNA, SP28/5/171, SP28/7/93, SP28/5/205, 206, SP28/7/345, SP28/8/139, SP28/12/125.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Melvin, John John Melvin
In 1642, probably at and from its formation, lieutenant in Lord Robartes’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army. In Apr. 1645 when the regiment was disbanded and the Lords wished to appoint Robartes’s officers en bloc in place of the officers chosen by Fairfax for John Pickering’s regiment, Fairfax instead appointed Melvin captain in the New Model regiment of foot originally intended to be commanded by Edward Aldrich but then given to Walter Lloyd and after the latter’s death commanded by William Herbert.
Melvin was wounded at the storming of Bristol in Sept. 1645.
When Herbert agreed to take a regiment to Ireland in 1647, Melvin was appointed lieutenant-colonel in the regiment formed when the men of the existing one proved recalcitrant, a regiment allegedly intended to form part of an anti-New Model force by the Presbyterian leadership. He left the regiment after the defeat of the Presbyterian attempted coup.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 37; TNA, SP28/9/5; Temple, New Model Army’, 61, 72; Firth and Davies, Regimental history, 1.384-6; JHL, 9.219.
.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mercer, - - Mercer
Major in a Southwark regiment, probably the Southwark Trained Bands regiment, in late 1643.
References: TNA, SP28/131, Part 13, f. 5v.
Armies: Southwark
Mercer, Christopher Christopher Mercer
During 1644 served as captain in the earl of Manchester’s regiment of dragoons in the Eastern Association Army. He later served as a captain in Okey’s New Model Army dragoon regiment.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 1.58; Wanklyn, New Model Army, I, 50, 60, 71, 81, 92, 104.
Armies: Eastern Association; New Model Army
Mercer, John John Mercer
In 1642, probably at and from its formation, captain in Lord Robartes’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 37.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mercer, William William Mercer
Lieutenant in John Urry’s troop in Lord Wharton’s regiment of horse in Wharton’s Army raised for service in Ireland in 1642. Instead, he continued as Urry’s lieutenant when Urry became captain, later major, in Sir William Balfour’s regiment of horse in the earl of Essex’s Army. In late Aug. 1642, when he was paid £48 mounting money as Urry’s lieutenant, it was noted that he had already been listed for the Irish service (the last certain reference to the troop is dated 19 Oct. 1644).
By 1644 Mercer was serving as a reformado captain of horse in Essex’s Army, between at least 29 Feb. and 1 Oct.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 67; TNA, SP28/1a/217, SP28/2b/411, SP28/12/176, SP28/14/384, SP28/17/110, SP28/19/1.
Armies: Earl of Essex; Reformado
Meredith [Merredith], William William Meredith [Merredith]
Captain in Lawrence Crawford’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army from Mar. 1644 until its disbandment on 17 Apr. 1645.
Meredith, despite his surname, appears to have been a Scot (a constable of Covent Garden certainly thought so). He is almost certainly one of the officers in Crawford’s regiment who had originally served in Ireland (although his name does not appear in published lists of Ormonde’s officers in 1642).
On 24 May 1645, in a brawl which developed when Crawford and his officers tried to get released from impressments the General’s servant, Richard Man, a Covent Garden constable, ‘then seized on Captain Merydith, disarming him; and he, with several others of his Company (who also railed most bitterly ... against the Scottish Nation), kicked him, and beat him most inhumanly, calling him a beggarly Scotts Rogue, and Scotts Cur, and Rascal, with many other opprobrious Words’ (JHL, 7.393). On 27 Aug. 1645, ten days after Crawford’s death, Meredith appeared before the Lords to represent the case of his commander’s widow.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 1.14; TNA, SP28/25/488; Davies, ‘Eastern Association’, 94; JHL, 7.393, 555; JHC, 3.428.
Armies: Eastern Association
Meredith, Edward Edward Meredith
By May 1644 until at least Jan. 1645, captain in the earl of Manchester’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.64.
Armies: Eastern Association
Merrett, Richard Richard Merrett
At the time of its reduction, in spring 1645, lieutenant of Thomas Hammond’s troop in the earl of Manchester’s regiment of horse in the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 1.54.
Armies: Eastern Association
Merrick, John John Merrick
In 1642, probably at and from its formation, lieutenant in Lord Robartes’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 37.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Merridith, - - Merridith
By the beginning of 1645 ensign in Azariah Husbands’s company in John Pickering’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.85.
Armies: Eastern Association
Merser, Francis Francis Merser
Captain-lieutenant in the colonel’s company, Southwark auxiliaries regiment (Colonel James Houblon) on 16 Apr. 1644.
References: TNA, SP28/121, Part 3, f. 339r.
Armies: Southwark
Mewer, Nicholas Nicholas Mewer
Cornet to (presumably his kinsman) Captain Mewer in John Browne’s regiment of dragoons in the earl of Essex’s Army 1642-3.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 57.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mewer, Robert Robert Mewer
In the 1642 army list, he is shown as a captain in John Browne’s regiment of dragoons in the earl of Essex’s Army.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 57.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mewer, Thomas Thomas Mewer
Lieutenant to (presumably his kinsman) Captain Mewer in John Browne’s regiment of dragoons in the earl of Essex’s Army 1642-3.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 57.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Meyrick [Merrick], Francis Francis Meyrick [Merrick]
In Aug./Sept. 1642 captain in Sir John Meyrick’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army.
Probably son of Sir Francis Meyrick of Fleet, Monkton, Pembrokshire and thus younger brother of Sir John Meyrick and cousin of Rowland and Thomas Laugharne.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 28; TNA, SP28/2b/512; Meyrick, Welsh pedigrees, 1.137.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Meyrick [Merrick], Sir John Sir John Meyrick [Merrick] (c. 1600-1659)
Born a younger son of Sir Francis Meyrick of Fleet, Monkton, Pembrokshire; through his mother he was cousin of Rowland and Thomas Laugharne.
Like his father and uncle before him, he pursued a military career, fighting on the continent during the 1620s and 1630s. He was elected to the Short and Long Parliaments and in 1640 commanded a regiment of foot in the Second Scots War. A friend of the earl of Essex, in summer 1642 he raised and part-funded a regiment of foot in the London area. His regiment supported the recapture of Portsmouth in Aug. and Sept. 1642 and then joined Essex’s main army in the Midlands, but it was employed to garrison Worcester and so was not present at Edgehill, though Meyrick and at least some of his men were present at the subsequent defence of London. During 1643 the regiment had a rather fractured existence, part of it garrisoning Plymouth and part of it garrisoning Gloucester; some of those troops were drawn out to serve under Waller in summer 1643 and so fought at Lansdown and Roundway Down. Merrick and some of his regiment fought under Essex at the relief of Gloucester and first battle of Newbury. Much of the regiment was then disbanded in late summer 1643, though parts of it probably survived and Meyrick was certainly with Essex in his doomed march into the south west in summer 1644, escaping with him by boat. His military activity finally ended with the Self-Denying Ordinance.
He was secluded and for a time imprisoned at Pride’s Purge and then effectively retired to Pembrokshire. He was certainly dead by 1659, possibly somewhat earlier than that.
References: Oxford DNB; Peacock, Army lists, 28.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Micklethwaite, Elias Elias Micklethwaite (baptised 1611, died 1644)
Of Swine in Holderness, Yorkshire (East Riding), third son of Elias Micklethwaite (died 1633), merchant and twice mayor of York and a Jacobean MP there and his wife Dorothy Jaques (died 1611). Baptised at Holy Trinity, York, 7 Feb. 1611. He attended the Inner Temple.
Captain of horse. Probably recruited early in 1643 and was captain in Lord Fairfax’s regiment of horse. He remained in Hull when the rest of the horse was withdrawn. In Apr. 1644 he marched to Selby with Fairfax. He was at the siege of York and was killed at Marston Moor. His will was proved at York on 13 July 1644. Brother of Joseph Micklethwaite.
References: Jones, ‘War in the North’, 393-4; Yorks. Vis., 2.359-60; Hopper, ‘Yorkshire parliamentarians’, 102.
Armies: Yorkshire
Micklethwaite, Joseph Joseph Micklethwaite (1594-1658)
Of Swine in Holderness, Yorkshire (East Riding) and of York, esquire, eldest son of Elias Micklethwaite (died 1633), York merchant and mayor, and elder brother of Elias Micklethwaite. Baptised 8 Nov. 1594 at St John’s, York. JP and committeeman for the East Riding in the Northern Association. Will made 8 Sept. 1658, proved 2 Dec. 1658.
A captain in Yorkshire but little evidence survives of his civil war activities.
References: Yorks. Vis., 2.360; Hopper, ‘Yorkshire parliamentarians’, 101; Jones, ‘War in the North’, 394.
Armies: Yorkshire
Middleton, - - Middleton
Captain in Colonel George Mill’s (later Waller’s) regiment of horse.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 147.
Armies: Waller
Middleton, David David Middleton
Captain-lieutenant. Son of Lieutenant-General John Middleton. He was a reformado cornet in Apr. 1643. He served as captain-lieutenant of the colonel’s troop in his father’s regiment of horse in 1644 and early 1645. In Apr. 1645 his troop was stationed in Surrey and was ordered to rejoin the regiment in the West.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 105.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association)
Middleton, Francis Francis Middleton
Captain in the regiment of dragoons in the earl of Essex’s Army which was commanded by Sir John Seaton and then George Melve in 1642-3, by early Mar. 1643 to at least late June 1643.
References: TNA, SP28/5/206, 452.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Middleton, Henry Henry Middleton
By Feb. 1644 and continuing in the regiment until spring 1645, captain in Sir John Norwich’s regiment of horse in the Eastern Association Army. From 1645 to 1647 served in Vermuyden’s New Model Army regiment as a captain, down to his dismissal in late 1647.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.74; Wanklyn, New Model Army, I, 52, 62, 73, 83, 94, 107.
Armies: Eastern Association; New Model Army
Middleton, John John Middleton
Ensign in Thomas Grantham’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 41.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Middleton, John John Middleton, first earl of Middleton (1606-1674)
A Scot, eldest son of Robert Middleton, laird of Caldhame, Kincardineshire. After experience fighting on the continent during the 1630s, he returned home and joined the Covenanter army in its wars against Charles I in 1639 and 1640.
He fought in England for parliament during the main civil war, beginning as colonel of a regiment of dragoons in the earl of Essex’s Army, though he soon relinquished that command on becoming colonel of a regiment of horse previously commanded by or earmarked for Basil, Lord Feilding. He fought at Edgehill and commanded the left wing at the first battle of Newbury.
In May 1644 Middleton fell out with Essex’s Commissary-General Hans Behr, who (according to the diarist Thomas Juxon) ‘had affronted Colonel Middleton and the Scots nation’ (Juxon, Diary, 59); Juxon also claimed that both men had been committed for a time. Behr’s broadside of 1 May answered a number of charges, which did include that he had ‘detracted, by ill Language, from the Honour and reputation of the Scottish Nation in generall; and in particular, from the Honour of his Excellency the Lord Generall Lesley [i.e. Alexander Leslie, Earl of Leven]’ (Behr). Moreover, he accused the Scottish officers of trying to undermine the happy union between the two kingdoms: ‘divers Commanders who have laid downe their Commissions in his excellencies Army, upon no other ground, but that it standeth not with their honour to serve where the Robber of their Nations honour is tolerated’ (Behr). Middleton headed the list of four officers who responded in a counter-broadside accusing him of cowardice.
Thus in spring 1644 he transferred to Waller’s southern army, becoming his lieutenant general of horse. As such, he brought with him his existing regiment of horse, raised in 1643, which had already fought at the relief of Gloucester, the first battle of Newbury and the battle of Cheriton, and in summer 1644 he raised and commanded a new regiment of horse, though it incorporated one or more troops already raised for service under Sir Richard Grenville. His old regiment later returned to Essex’s Army; his new regiment probably fought at the second battle of Newbury and in the West before it was disbanded shortly after Middleton left his command and left England.
Middleton played a prominent role in the Battle of Cropredy Bridge and led a brigade which tried to harry the rear of the king’s army and thus relieve the pressure on Essex in the far South West. On 20 Aug. he reported to the Committee of Both Kingdoms that, in accordance with Waller’s orders, he was suppressing all levies and stopping all provisions in Somerset, and had driven nine royalist colonels to Minehead, blocking their attempts to raise troops in the county. He was wary, however, of advancing too far into Devon, leaving the Bristol and Bridgwater garrisons in his rear. After the escape of Essex’s cavalry, it joined up with Middleton’s force between Taunton and Bridgwater. Middleton and Behr were ordered to bury personal differences. Some found it convenient to blame Middleton rather than Essex for the latter’s disaster at Lostwithiel, and on 21 September the Commons received a letter from the Earl at Portsmouth protesting that it would be impossible for his cavalry to serve under Middleton whose dilatoriness in coming to the aid of the army in Cornwall had been the cause of their miseries.
Middleton resigned his English commissions in spring 1645 and returned to Scotland. He raised a regiment of horse in spring 1645 in England, ‘all for the most part of our owne nation’ (Oxford DNB), but including some Englishmen, and on 5 May received permission from the Scottish commissioners in London to join the Army of the Solemn League and Covenant.
He fought in the Covenanter army against Montrose, before supporting the Engagement and fighting in the Scottish-royalist army defeated by Cromwell around and south of Preston in Aug. 1648; he was captured, but was allowed to return to Scotland. By the 1650s a committed royalist, he played a prominent role in the Scottish-royalist invasion of summer 1651, escaped from Worcester but was captured shortly afterwards, only to escape from the Tower and reach exile in France. He was a leader of royalist military resistance in the Highlands in the mid-1650s, but again eluded capture and rejoined Charles II in exile. Raised to the peerage, he resumed his colourful career resumed after the Restoration; initially in favour and high office in Scotland, he fell out with Lauderdale, lost office and for a time lived in retirement, only to come back into favour and end his career and his life as governor of Tangier.
References: Oxford DNB; TNA, SP28/1a/132, 2b/424, 425, 460, 461, 3a/207, 251, 3b/335, 341, 359, 4/159, 304, 423; H. Behr, The declaration of Commissary Generall Behr (1644); There hath bin a printed paper lately published ([2 May] 1644); CSPD, 1644, 293, 434; Gardiner, 1. 362, 2.15, 29, 31; Spring, Waller’s army; CSPD, 1644, 293, 434, 439-40, 448, 469-70, 491; Stoyle, Soldiers and Strangers, 89-90.
Armies: Earl of Essex; Waller (Southern Association)
Middleton, John [later first earl of Middleton] John Middleton [later first earl of Middleton] (c. 1608-1674)
Eldest son of Robert Middleton (died 1645), laird of Caldhame, Mearns, Kincards., and his wife, Helen Strachan, a daughter of Alexander Strachan of Thornton, Kincards. In July 1639 he married (as her third husband) Grizel Durham (died 1666), the twice-widowed daughter of Sir James Durham of Pitkerro.
John fought in the Thirty Years’ War in the 1630s, serving first as a pikeman in Sir John Hepburn’s regiment of foot in France. By 1639 he had returned to Scotland and in 1639 was a captain in Montrose’s army and fought with distinction at the Brig o' Dee (19 June).
In 1642 he joined the English parliamentarian army. By the end of July he was colonel of a regiment of dragoons (the three captains named in his regiment had appeared in the published list of Essex’s Army as Captains of the firelocks in Essex’s own regiment of foot). On 3 Sept. 1642 he was commissioned colonel of a regiment of horse, previously commanded by Basil, Lord Feilding (later earl of Denbigh), and relinquished his command of the dragoon regiment Middleton commanded the left wing of Essex’s horse at the first battle of Newbury (20 Sept. 1643).
In May 1644 he fell out with Essex and transferred to Waller’s Southern Association Army, where he became lieutenant-general. He was to the fore at the battle of Cropredy Bridge in June, commanding one part of Waller’s divided army. It was reported that he badly wounded and captured Lord Wilmot (who was later rescued from his guards). However, Middleton’s force was routed by royalist charges. In Aug. he was sent into the West with a force of 2,000 men to support Essex’s Army by harrying the enemy rear and impeding royalist supply and recruitment at the taking of Wareham (Dorset) and ordered to support and cover Essex’s Army by approaching as near the king’s army as it could. On 20 Aug. he reported to the Committee of Both Kingdoms that, in accordance with Waller’s orders, he was suppressing all levies and stopping all provisions in Somerset, and had driven nine royalist colonels to Minehead, blocking their attempts to raise troops in the county. He was wary, however, of advancing too far into Devon, leaving the Bristol and Bridgwater garrisons in his rear. After the escape of Essex’s cavalry, it joined up with Middleton’s force between Taunton and Bridgwater: Middleton and Essex’s Commissary-General Behr were ordered to bury personal differences. In fact, the House found it convenient to blame Middleton rather than Essex for the latter’s disaster at Lostwithiel, and on 21 Sept. the Commons received a letter from Essex at Portsmouth protesting that it would be impossible for his cavalry to serve under Middleton, whose dilatoriness in coming to the aid of the army in Cornwall had been the cause of their miseries.
Middleton was offered command of a regiment of horse in the New Model Army, but as a Scot declined. Instead, he raised a regiment of horse in spring 1645 in England, ‘all for the most part of our owne nation’ (Oxford DNB), but including some Englishmen, and on 5 May received permission from the Scottish commissioners in London to join the Army of the Solemn League and Covenant.
He was appointed major-general of the Army of the Solemn League and Covenant, which he reached on 20 June 1645. He was second-in-command at the defeat of Montrose at Philiphaugh and on 4 Feb. 1646 was appointed commander-in-chief in Scotland. In Jan. 1647 he was appointed major-general of the Scottish New Model Army.
He supported the Engagement and was a senior officer in the Scottish-royalist armies in both the Preston and Worcester campaigns, and after the latter escaped trial for treason by escaping in his wife’s clothes and making his way to the king in France. In late 1653 he was commissioned captain-general of the forces raised in the Highlands by the earl of Glencairn, which were routed by Monck and Colonel Thomas Morgan at Dalnaspidal on 10 July 1654.
At the Restoration he was appointed commander-in-chief in Scotland, governor of Edinburgh Castle and lord high commissioner to the Scottish parliament. In 1662-3 he imposed an espicopalian and authoritarian regime in Scotland. After his fall, he retired to England and in 1668 was appointed governor of Tangier, where he died in 1674.
References: Jones, ‘War in the North’, 393; Firth and Davies, Regimental history, 1.239-40, 2.554-7; Hopper, ‘Yorkshire parliamentarians’, 120; Oxford DNB; Spring, Waller’s army, 95; CSPD, 1644, 434, 439-40, 448, 469, 491; TNA, SP28/1a/132, 2b/424, 425, 460, 461, 3a/207, 251, 3b/335, 341, 359, 4/159, 304, 423; CSPD, 1644, 293, 434; Gardiner, Great Civil War, 1.362, 2.15, 29, 31.
Armies: Yorkshire; Northern Army (Fairfax); Northern Army (Poyntz); Northern Army (Lambert); New Model Army; Earl of Essex; Waller (Southern Association)
Middleton, Thomas Thomas Middleton
Possibly captain in Sir John Douglass’s regiment of foot in the earl of Northumberland’s Army raised to fight the Scots in 1640.
Fourth captain in Thomas Ballard’s regiment of foot raised for Lord Wharton’s Army for service in Ireland in 1642; when Ballard’s regiment of foot instead became part of the earl of Essex’s Army, he remained one of its Captains.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 88, 69, 43.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Milbourn, Matthew Matthew Milbourn
Ensign in Lord Mandeville’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 36.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mildmay, Anthony Anthony Mildmay
In 1642 listed as captain of a troop of horse in the earl of Essex’s Army.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 51.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mildmay, Henry Henry Mildmay (1619-1692)
Born the eldest son of Sir Henry Mildmay of Graces, Little Baddow, Essex, a family which had risen to greater prominence in the sixteenth century and had acquired much monastic property.
He supported parliament during the civil war and sat on an array of Essex committees during the war and beyond. He also took up arms at the outset of the war and in 1642 was listed as captain of a troop of horse in the earl of Essex’s Army.
In 1649 he declined to sit in the high court appointed to try the king, he was an opponent of the Protectorate although elected to all three Protectorate Parliaments and in 1659 was arrested (though swiftly released) on suspicion of involvement in Booth’s Rising. However, he seems to have had reservations about the Restoration regime and was not again an MP until the three Exclusion Parliaments, in which he supported exclusion. By the time of the Glorious Revolution he was clearly a Whig.
References: HoP: The Commons, 1660-1690, 3. 64-5.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mildmay, Henry Henry Mildmay
From the county of Essex, he was a captain in the earl of Essex’s Army during the first months of the civil war, but in summer 1643 he became a colonel and was given a command of a regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army, at least part of which served under him during his time as governor of Cambridge.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.67; Holmes, Eastern Association, 121, 125, 126, 215-16.
Armies: Earl of Essex; Eastern Association
Mildmay, Robert Robert Mildmay
Listed in 1642 as cornet in (presumably his kinsman) Henry Mildmay’s troop of horse in the earl of Essex’s Army.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 51.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Miles, Thomas Thomas Miles
Captain in the regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army commanded by Lord Oliver St John and then Thomas Essex in 1642-3.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 31.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mill, John John Mill
Captain in Lord Robartes’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642. He first appears receiving money for the regiment, totalling £1,244 8s on 20 Aug. 1642, Robartes endorsing the pay warrant that he had appointed his servant John Mill to receive the money. Named as captain on pay warrant for 28 days from 30 Sept. 1642. He was still in the regiment as captain in Oct. 1644 and at its disbandment in 1645, the rank he held when the Lords attempted unsuccessfully to have the officers of Robartes’s regiment en bloc taken into the New Model in place of those proposed for John Pickering’s regiment in the New Model Army by Fairfax.
Although that proposal was dropped, with the formation of the New Model Army Mill was appointed captain of Richard Ingoldsby’s New Model regiment of foot. By July 1648 Mill was major of the regiment, and acting governor of Oxford, dealing with a failed conspiracy within the university. In Sept. 1649, while commanding five of the companies stationed at Oxford, he was seized during a brief Leveller mutiny within the regiment. In 1651 he was promoted acting, and then permanent, lieutenant-colonel, and in Sept. 1655 colonel. He was loyal to the Protectorate, one of three officers entrusted to enforce the exclusion of MPs from the 1656 Parliament, but he became an opponent of Cromwell accepting the crown, presenting the petition of a hundred officers against it in Feb. 1657. He was loyal to Richard Cromwell but displaced in favour of William Sydenham in June 1659; in Feb. 1660 he was re-instated as lieutenant-colonel of the regiment under Sir John Lenthall.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 37; TNA, SP28/1a/123; SP28/2b/358; SP28/19/35; Temple, ‘New Model Army’, 58; Firth and Davies, Regimental history, 1.377-84; Temple, ‘New Model Army’, 71; TNA, E121/2/2/25, second moiety # 37; E121/2/10/49 # 610 [both G].
Armies: Earl of Essex; New Model Army
Millard, John John Millard
Lieutenant in William Colemore’s company in John Barker’s/Thomas Willoughby’s regiment of foot.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 22.
Armies: Warwickshire
Millard, William William Millard
Cornet in Battersby’s troop in Hesilrige’s regiment of horse in Waller’s Army.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 64.
Armies: Waller
Miller, - - Miller (died 1645)
Quartermaster in Cheshire. Buried 26 Sept. 1644, Nantwich.
References: Cheshire tracts, 258.
Armies: Cheshire
Miller, - - Miller
At some point before the reduction of the regiment in spring 1644, at which point he left the army, captain in the earl of Manchester’s regiment of dragoons in the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 1.59.
Armies: Eastern Association
Miller, - - Miller
Captain in Colonel Robert Duckenfeild’s regiment in Cheshire by 12 Nov. 1645, though not recorded on list of Apr..
Records survive of pay to him and to other officers and soldiers of Major Bradshawe’s company and specifically to Captain Miller for himself, officers and soldiers 14 days’ pay, for his service in the leaguer before Chester and as part of Colonel Duckenfeild’s regiment.
References: TNA, SP28/224, f. 57.
Armies: Cheshire
Miller, John John Miller
Down to summer 1645, ensign in Peter Burgoyne’s company in John Barker’s/Thomas Willoughby’s regiment of foot.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 22.
Armies: Warwickshire
Miller, John John Miller
Served as ensign to Captain Robert Cobbet, both in his company in Lord Grey of Warke’s short-lived regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army during the first half of 1643 and in Colonel James Carr’s regiment of foot in Sir William Waller’s Army from the end of 1643. He was a lieutenant, and by summer 1647 a captain, in Barkstead’s New Model Army regiment of foot.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 1.38; Wanklyn, New Model Army, I, 87, 99.
Armies: Eastern Association; Sir William Waller; New Model Army
Miller, William William Miller
A captain of this name may have served in the latter half of 1643 in Sir John Pickering’s short-lived regiment of dragoons in the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.82; Holmes, Eastern Association, 169.
Armies: Eastern Association
Miller, William William Miller
Ensign in Sir William Constable’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 42.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mills, John John Mills
Lieutenant in Captain Henry Pinckney’s company in the Red regiment, London Auxiliaries (Colonel Samuel Harsnett) when it mustered on 27 Apr. 1644. He had been promoted captain by 22 Oct. 1646.
References: TNA, SP28/121A, f. 694 r. & v.; Nagel, ‘London militia’, 317; Marshall, Essex funeral, 11.
Armies: London
Milner, George George Milner
At late 1644, ensign in John Jenkins’s company in John Pickering’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.102.
Armies: Eastern Association
Milton, John John Milton (died ?1661)
Of St Dunstan in the East, London. In 1638 he was resident in Port Lane, where he was assessed at a rent of £25.
Admitted to the Company of the Artillery Garden (now the Honourable Artillery Company).
Quartermaster to the White regiment, London Trained Bands (Colonel Isaac Penington) (Thrale 1642 calls him John Melton). He was captain-lieutenant in the same regiment (then serving with Sir William Waller as part of Richard Browne’s London brigade) on 29 Mar. 1644, when he was wounded and taken prisoner by the royalists at the battle of Cheriton: ‘but we hope to morrow to redeeme him by a strong hand’ (Letter of Captain Jones). In Mar. 1645 he was a captain at Whitechapel, where he had arrested a royalist suspect. By Oct. 1646 he was captain in the White regiment (by then under Colonel Thomas Player). By 23 July 1647 he was major of the White regiment (now Colonel Joseph Vaughan), paid for his service within the London lines of communication from 11 June until then by the Presbyterian militia committee. The form of the warrant is consistent with other officers known to have been purged then, but other sources show he was retained (and had possibly been promoted) by the Presbyterian committee. He was involved in the invasion of parliament by the London crowd on 26 July to force the Houses to reinstate the Presbyterian militia committee. With the failure of the Presbyterian coup, ‘valiant and resolute Major Milton’ was put out (A paire of spectacles for the Citie, (1648), 9). On 24 Sept. 1647 the Commons voted that a John Milton junior be indicted of High Treason in King’s Bench.
On 29 Jan. 1658 Ann, wife of Major John Milton, was buried in St Dunstan in the East. There may have been two John Miltons in the parish by the late 1650s (or just possibly one who remarried quickly). A John Milton was buried in the parish on 7 June 1661.
Indeed, there were probably two John Miltons in London in 1647-8 (as the ‘junior’ in the 1647 accusation implies, and excluding the poet), and possibly two in St Dunstan in the East in the late 1650s. Three days after one (almost certainly the militia officer) was named in Apr. 1648 as involved in the invasion of parliament, (presumably) another was named as a collector for Tower Ward of the arrears of assessments for the Army. The military career which can be reconstructed makes most sense as belonging to one man, but the Quartermaster and Captain-Lieutenant might be different men.
References: Thrale 1642; Nagel, ‘London militia’, 317-8, 320; W.N. Parker, Milton: a biography, 2 vols. (1968), 2.894-5; Life records of John Milton comp. J. Milton French, (5 vols. 1949-58), 5.405; A letter from Captain Jones to a worthy friend of his dwelling in Bartholmew Lane : being a more full and an exacter relation of the particular proccedings of Sir William VVallers armie then any that hath yet been published (1644); Kingdomes Weekly Intelligencer, 21-28 Sept. 1647, no. 228, 683; A paire of spectacles for the Citie (1648), 9; JHC, 5.317; JHL, 10.219, 230: St Dunstan in the East registers, 2.6, 8, 71, 73, 77; Dale, 1638, 50; CCAM, 1.519.
Armies: London
Minshaw, John John Minshaw
Lieutenant in Major George Hutchinson’s company in William Bampfield’s regiment of foot, raised for Lord Wharton’s Army for Ireland in 1642. Instead, he served as captain in William Bampfield’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 70, 40.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Minshull [Minshall], Edward Edward Minshull [Minshall] (died 1643)
Buried Nantwich, 14 July 1643. Captain of a foot company, probably that commanded after his death by Captain Thomas Malbon in Colonel Booth’s regiment.
References: TNA, SP28/224, f. 327; Cheshire tracts, 256.
Armies: Cheshire
Mitchell, Edward Edward Mitchell
Of Haslehead, Thurlstone township, Penistone, Yorkshire lieutenant in Captain Adam Eyre’s troop; in Jan. 1647 they went together to meet the committees to state their accounts.
References: Eyre, 2, 21; Hopper, ‘Yorkshire parliamentarians’, 117.
Armies: Yorkshire
Mitchell, Thomas Thomas Mitchell
Of Liversedge, Yorkshire (West Riding), a parliamentarian lieutenant in Yorkshire.
References: Hopper, ‘Yorkshire parliamentarians’, 104.
Armies: Yorkshire
Mitchell, William William Mitchell
Of Morthen, Whiston parish, near Rotherham, Yorkshire (West Riding), son of Christopher Mitchell of Morthen and grandson of James Mitchell, merchant. His cousinage included William Spenser and Francis Rogers.
By spring 1645 Mitchell was a captain in the Hull garrison in Colonel John Mauleverer’s garrison regiment (from early 1648, Robert Overton’s). He remained in that New Model Army regiment, going with it to Scotland. By 21 Sept. 1650 he was a major, given joint command of the garrison at Linlithgow. He was later promoted to lieutenant-colonel of the regiment, and in spring 1655 he became its colonel. Whilst the regiment was stationed in Scotland, Mitchell spent much of his time in England and in 1658 pledged his support to Oliver Cromwell and upon the latter’s death he and his regiment accepted Richard Cromwell as Lord Protector.
In 1659 Mitchell lost his command upon Overton’s restoration. He was to be compensated with the creation of a new regiment, and he may have been given a company at Hull towards it, but it is not clear whether the regiment was ever formed.
References: Jones, ‘War in the North’, 393; Firth and Davies, Regimental history, 1.239-40, 2.554-7; Hopper, ‘Yorkshire parliamentarians’, 120; Wanklyn, New Model Army, I, 89. 101. 103; TNA, E121/5/7, no. 79.
Armies: Yorkshire; Northern Army (Fairfax); Northern Army (Poyntz); Northern Army (Lambert); New Model Army
Molanus, Johannes Conradus [John Conradt] Johannes Conradus [John Conradt] Molanus (died 1661)
Of Middleton-by-Wirksworth, Derbyshire, but in his origins a Dutchman, Molanus evidently came to England with the drainage engineer Cornelius Vermuyden, acting as his agent at Hatfield Chase in 1628. Vermuyden’s involvement in the drainage of the Dovegang Mine at Wirksworth brought Molanus to Derbyshire. He was living in or near Middleton by 1633, and was Gell’s tenant by 1642.
Gell commissioned Molanus Major in his regiment of foot in Nov. 1642; he also acted as Gell’s Commissary until 7 Jan. 1643.
In Dec. 1642 Molanus commanded a force of 400 foot and a company of dragoons which stormed and looted Bretby Hall. He commanded, or jointly commanded, a number of the expeditions of Derbyshire forces outside the county. In Dec. 1642 he helped the Nottinghamshire parliamentarians in repairing the defences of Nottingham, and in Feb. 1643 took part in the unsuccessful attack on Newark. In Apr. he and Thomas Gell took 500 men to help Lewis Chadwick in Staffordshire to take Sutton (Derbys.).
In Sept. 1643 Molanus was sent to the support of Nottingham with a force of horse and dragoons. He helped drive off royalists who were bombarding the castle (according to Gell, Molanus’s men drove them off; according to Lucy Hutchinson, the royalists had withdrawn without fighting and Molanus let them go whilst his men looted the houses). Molanus did refuse to join with Colonel John Hutchinson in attacking a fortified bridge across the Trent: ‘the maior of Derby, an old dull-headed Dutchman, sayd ten thousand men could not doe it’ (Hutchinson, Life, 157-8). He returned to Derby, but was sent back to take the fort, which the royalists abandoned after they were driven from their trenches.
In Dec. 1643 Molanus was engaged in skirmishing in Staffordshire and Derbyshire. In Feb.-Mar. 1644 he was at the siege of Newark.
In late 1645 Molanus was sent to besiege Chatsworth; after its surrender he joined up with Poyntz’s Army, and he was at the storming of Belvoir (17 Nov.).
On 25 Mar. 1646 Molanus and the Derbyshire foot stood firm when the royalists attacked Poyntz’s camp at Stoke.
In the political attacks on Gell, Molanus was accused of involvement in Gell’s alleged peculation. By Feb. 1646 Molanus had evidently fallen out with Gell (Thomas Gell in a letter alluded to when Molanus had accused Sir John of treason).
During the war Molanus had kept up his business, renting a smelting mill and buying ore from Sir John Gell. He remained a mine-owner and lead-smelter at Wirksworth after the war and was alive in 1655.
References: Brighton, ‘Civil War’, 46-49; Slack, Man at War, esp. 33, 72, 76, 81-4, 91-2, 97, 102-3, 134, 137-9, 147, 161.
Armies: Derbyshire
Molden, Daniel Daniel Molden
Captain of horse of long service in an unidentified regiment in Yorkshire, claiming arrears of £682 19s in 1648.
References: Jones, ‘War in the North’, 394.
Armies: Yorkshire
Molyneux, Josias Josias Molyneux
Lieutenant in Sir Arthur Hesilrige’s regiment of horse in Waller’s Army. Captain-lieutenant in John Butler’s New Model regiment of horse (lately Sir Arthur Hesilrige’s and later Thomas Horton’s). When Butler left the regiment in 1647, Molyneux became captain of the troop, and remained as such until 1649.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 54
Armies: Waller (Southern Association); New Model Army
Momford, Peter Peter Momford
Captain in Thomas Ballard’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 43.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Monings, William William Monings
Lieutenant in Sir William Ogle’s regiment of foot in Northumberland’s Army against the Scots in 1640.
Lieutenant-colonel in Sir William Fairfax’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 86, 43.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Monorgund [Monogrund], - - Monorgund [Monogrund]
An officer in Gloucestershire, noted 12 Apr. 1643.
References: Peachey and Turton, Fall of the West, 6. 635 [citing TNA, SP28/299/720], TNA, SP28/129, Part 5, fol. 4r.
Armies: Gloucestershire
Montagu [Mountague], Edward [later first earl of Sandwich] Edward Montagu [Mountague], later first earl of Sandwich (1625-1672)
Born Barnwell, Northamptonshire, second but in due course eldest surviving son and heir of Sir Sidney Montagu (died 1644), of the Montagu family of Hinchingbrooke, Huntingdon; the earl of Manchester, commander-in-chief of the Eastern Association, was a cousin.
He was in his late teens when in summer 1643 he was commissioned colonel of a regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army. Raised in Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, the regiment spent much of winter 1643-44 based at Newport Pagnell and taking part in operations in the area, including the capture of Hillesden. During 1644 it besieged Lincoln and York, took part in the campaign and battle of Marston Moor, the ensuing capture of a string of minor royalist bases in southern Yorkshire during the rest of the summer, followed by the campaign and second battle of Newbury during the autumn. He supported Cromwell in his subsequent attack upon his cousin. In winter 1644-5 Montagu and his regiment spent further time at Newport Pagnell and in Henley-on-Thames, of which Montagu had been appointed governor. The regiment transferred more or less complete, initially still under Montagu, into the New Model Army upon its formation in spring 1645 and played an active role in the New Model’s campaigns of summer and autumn 1645, fighting at Naseby and Bristol. In Oct. 1645 he was elected Recruiter MP for Huntingdonshire in the Long Parliament and resigned his army command in line with the Self-Denying Ordinance.
Although he withdrew from parliament at Pride’s Purge, he returned to politics after the ejection of the Rump, as a member of the Nominated Assembly and of Cromwell’s Protectoral Council; from the mid-1650s onwards he was also active and successful as a naval commander (‘general-at-sea’). He actively supported the Restoration, ensuring that the fleet was loyal, and he was rewarded with an earldom and high office. He served Charles II both as a diplomat and at sea as an admiral in the second and third Anglo-Dutch wars. He perished in a naval battle in Southwold Bay/Solebay.
References: Oxford DNB.
Armies: Eastern Association; New Model Army
Montagu, Edward, second earl of Manchester Edward Montagu, second earl of Manchester (1602-1671)
Eldest son of Henry Montagu, first earl of Manchester (died 1642), of Kimbolton, Huntingdon. Edward represented Huntingdonshire in the later parliaments of James I and the opening parliaments of Charles I, before being raised to the peerage in spring 1626 as Lord Kimbolton, as well as gaining the courtesy title of Viscount Mandeville. In that year, too, his second marriage to a daughter of Robert Rich, second earl of Warwick, cemented his links to a group of peers who during the 1630s became disaffected from and out of favour with the king. He was critical of royal government in the Short Parliament and was one of the peers who pressed for the summoning of another parliament in summer and autumn 1640. He was a prominent critic of the king’s government during the opening phase of the Long Parliament and in Jan. 1642 he was the only peer named alongside the 5 MPs whose arrest Charles unsuccessfully sought on charges of treason.
In autumn 1642 he raised a regiment of foot within Essex’s Army – generally referred to as Lord Mandeville’s regiment of foot – but it performed poorly at Edgehill and was probably disbanded shortly after the stand-off at Turnham Green in Nov. 1642. Having succeeded his father as earl of Manchester, in Aug. 1643 he replaced Lord Grey of Warke as Major General (and thus commander-in-chief) of the Eastern Association Army, at which point he raised and commanded a trio of new regiments.
His regiment of horse in the Eastern Association Army was raised in late summer 1643 and fought at the battles of Winceby and Marston Moor, after which it took part in the short campaign to mop up minor royalist bases in southern Yorks; it was back with the main Eastern Association Army for the campaign and second battle of Newbury in autumn 1644. In spring 1645 the regiment was absorbed into the New Model Army.
His regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army was raised in Essex in summer 1643. Despite some initial problems both recruiting to and equipping the regiment, for a time it was very large, with eighteen companies nearly a double regiment. During 1644 it campaigned in the east Midlands and Lincolnshire, including playing a role during the campaign and battle of Marston Moor. It was broken up and in large part disbanded in spring 1645 rather than being incorporated en bloc into the New Model Army.
His regiment of dragoons was raised in Essex in Aug. 1643; it was reduced in size and taken over by John Lilburne in spring 1644 and it was thus Lilburne who commanded it at Marston Moor and in capturing a string of royalist outposts in southern Yorkshire in summer 1644.
As well as actively campaigning and leading these regiments and the Eastern Association Army in 1643-4, Manchester worked to improve the running, administration and finance of the Eastern Association from his base at Cambridge; he also attended parliament from time to time.
Having led the Eastern Association Army at the siege of York in spring 1644 and to success at Marston Moor on 2 July, his comparative military inactivity over the succeeding weeks and months and the criticism which he attracted for alleged lethargy during and immediately after the second battle of Newbury in Oct. – though he was far from the only senior parliamentarian to under-perform there – led to the bitter clash with Cromwell later in the year and, indirectly but in turn, to the Self-Denying Ordinance and the creation of a new army which ended his military career.
From his base in the House of Lords, Manchester retained political office and influence in the mid and later 1640s; in July 1647 he supported the Army when it restored order in London and Westminster. He opposed and had no part in the regicide and was effectively in retirement and out of office during the 1650s.
He welcomed the Restoration and, while his political role during the 1660s was not huge, he returned to favour and office at the court and in central and local government.
References: Oxford DNB
Armies: Earl of Essex; Eastern Association
Montgomery, George George Montgomery
Major in the earl of Manchester’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army down to Jan. 1645 or later.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 1.62.
Armies: Eastern Association
Moody, John John Moody
Captain in Colonel Charles Fleetwood’s regiment of horse in the Eastern Association Army by spring 1644 and served with that regiment through to spring 1645, but does not appear to have transferred with it into the New Model Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 1.35.
Armies: Eastern Association
Moody, Samuel Samuel Moody
By autumn 1643 and continuing to serve until the regiment transferred to the New Model Army in spring 1645, captain in Vermuyden’s regiment of horse in the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.102; Holmes, Eastern Association, 240.
Armies: Eastern Association
Moore, - - Moore
Regimental chaplain to the Southwark auxiliaries regiment.
References: Spring, Waller's Army
Armies: Southwark
Moore, Daniel Daniel Moore
Captain in Southwark Trained Bands regiment questioned in parliament as a defaulter refusing to do his required guard duty; described by Richard Symonds as ‘not confided in by the Parliament’. A dyer by trade.
References: Nagel, ‘London militia’, 92; JHC, 2.946.
Armies: Southwark
Moore, Edward Edward Moore
A captain in the Lancashire regiment of foot commanded by (perhaps his kinsman) John Moore.
References: Gratton, Lancs. war effort, 291.
Armies: Lancashire
Moore, Hugh Hugh Moore
Ensign in John Bodley’s company Anthony Stapley’s Sussex regiment of foot by 2 Feb. 1645.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 122.
Armies: Sussex; Waller (Southern Association)
Moore, James James Moore
In 1642 listed as lieutenant in Francis Fiennes’s troop of horse in the earl of Essex’s Army.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 51.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Moore, James James Moore
Lieutenant-colonel in the earl of Denbigh’s Army, receiving payments on 11 Sept. 1643 and 28 Apr. 1644 (on the latter occasion he was paid £10, half to bear his charges to London, half for his quarters).
References: TNA, SP28/131, Part 12, ff. 12, 24.
Armies: Earl of Denbigh
Moore, John John Moore(c. 1599-1650)
Of Bank Hall, Walton, Lancashire, eldest son of Edward Moore (c.1577-1632), merchant, of Bank Hall, Walton, and his wife, Katherine (died 1641), daughter of John and Margaret Hockenhull of Prenton on the Wirral, Cheshire. His wealth was based on land and trade.
Mayor of Liverpool in 1633 and MP for Liverpool in the Long Parliament, where he served on several committees.
In Apr. 1642 Moore helped organize the resistance to James Stanley, Lord Strange (later earl of Derby) and as a colonel in West Derby Hundred helped secure Liverpool for parliament. From Aug. 1642 to Apr. 1643 he was colonel and captain of the guard of horse and foot in Westminster.
In Aug. 1643 Moore went back to Lancashire as colonel of a regiment of foot, captain of a troop of horse, and governor of Liverpool (records of debentures in TNA, E121/5/7 suggest that he had at least three troops under command). He escaped from Liverpool by boat when the town fell to Prince Rupert in May 1644, and although re-instated when it was recaptured, his role in its failed defence remained controversial and there were attempts to displace him. He finally relinquished the governorship in May 1645 under the Self-Denying Ordinance. He was again active in parliament, although he returned to Lancashire in autumn 1645 to help in the final parliamentarian victory.
In 1646 Moore raised a new regiment and went to Ireland, where by early 1647 he was governor of both County Louth and Dundalk and a commissioner for Ireland.
He returned to England in Jan. 1648 and was a supporter of Pride’s Purge and signed the king’s death warrant.
In 1649 Moore claimed arrears of £2,368 16s 4d. In June he returned to Ireland and served there as a colonel until his death. He fought at Rathmines (Aug. 1649) and died of a fever whilst besieging Tecroghan Castle, County Meath.
References: Oxford DNB; Keeler, Long Parliament, 277; Gratton, Lancs. war effort, 290-2 and passim; Warr in Lancashire, 10, 44; Blackwood, Lancashire gentry, 108; Firth and Davies, Regimental history, 2.650-2; Moore Mss.; HoP: The Commons, 1640-1660 (forthcoming).
Armies: Lancashire; London; Ireland; New Model Army
Moore, Nicholas Nicholas Moore
Captain in Sir William Waller’s (later James Holborne’s regiment of dragoons) from 1 Aug. 1643. Possibly the Nicholas Moore who became major in John Okey’s regiment of dragoons in the New Model Army, although the latter may have been Major Nicholas Moore of the earl of Manchester’s regiment of dragoons in the Eastern Association.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 41.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association)
Moore, Robert Robert Moore
A lieutenant-colonel in the Plymouth garrison, 1645-6.
References: Worth, History of Plymouth, 134.
Armies: Devon
Moore, Robert Robert Moore
In Feb. and Mar. 1644 he was lieutenant-colonel in James Kerr’s [Carr’s] regiment of foot, before going west to serve under Kerr at the same rank in his Plymouth garrison regiment.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 37.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association); Waller
Moore, Roger Roger Moore
Ensign in Captain Robert Long’s company in Lord Wharton’s regiment of foot in Wharton’s army raised for service in Ireland in 1642; later that summer he went instead with the regiment as ensign in Lord Wharton’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 68, 31.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Moore, Sackville Sackville Moore
Major in the earl of Manchester’s regiment of dragoons in the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 1.57; Holmes, Eastern Association, 201.
Armies: Eastern Association
Moore, Thomas Thomas Moore
Captain of dragoons in Dec. 1642, probably in Waller’s own regiment of dragoons. His account in June 1643, for monies owed from Waller and Essex for Feb. and Mar. in Sussex and Hampshire, refers to a cornet, suggesting horse rather than dragoons.
References: Peachey and Turton, Fall of the West, 7.715; TNA, SP28/6/40.
Armies: Earl of Essex; Waller
Mordant, - - Mordant
In May 1643, captain serving in one of the three regiments of foot formed from the Essex militia, part of the Eastern Association Army that contributed to the siege of Reading in spring 1643, the siege of Greenland House in summer 1644 and probably to some other actions in which the Army was involved.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 1.33.
Armies: Eastern Association
Mordaunt, John, first earl of Peterborough John Mordaunt, first earl of Peterborough (1599-1643)
Born Lowick, Northants, the son of Henry Mordaunt, fourth Lord Mordaunt, into a prominent but Catholic family, though John was brought up a Protestant. He became a courtier and close to both James I and the duke of Buckingham, given office both at court and in Northamptonshire and in 1628 created first earl of Peterborough. However, he became increasingly distant from Charles I, resisting both ship money and service in the Scots Wars, he supported parliament in 1641-2 and in summer 1642 was created colonel and given command of a troop of horse and a regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army.
In autumn 1642 much of the regiment garrisoned Banbury, though Peterborough himself – who was also General of the Ordnance – and some of his men were present at Edgehill. His lieutenant-colonel defected to the king in the course of the battle and much of his regiment performed poorly and surrendered Banbury shortly afterwards. Although the regiment was partly refounded late in 1642 and took part in the siege of Reading in spring 1643, by then Peterborough was ailing – probably of consumption – and he died in June 1643. After his death, his regiment appears to have been broken up and much of it disbanded.
References: Oxford DNB; Peacock, Army lists, 25, 28, 48; TNA, SP28/2b/390.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Mordent, Lewis Lewis Mordent
Ensign in the regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army commanded by Lord Oliver St John and then Thomas Essex in 1642-3.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 31.
Armies: Earl of Essex; Bristol
More, Edward Edward More
Perhaps a younger son of Thomas More of Larden, Shropshire. Captain in Thomas Mytton’s regiment of horse by July 1645, when he was based at Oswestry. Still there in Dec. By Mar. 1647, when one of the commissioners for the surrender of Harlech Castle, promoted to major.
References: Perfect Passages, 9-16 July 1645; Dore, Brereton letter books, 2. 392; J.R. Phillips, Memoirs of the Civil War in Wales and the Marches (1874), II, 333.
Armies: Shropshire
More, Richard Richard More
Lieutenant in the regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army commanded by Lord Oliver St John and then Thomas Essex in 1642-3.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 31.
Armies: Earl of Essex
More, Samuel Samuel More
On Linley, Shropshire, son of Richard More (died Dec, 1643), the MP for Bishop’s Castle in the Long Parliament.
Samuel was appointed to the Shropshire county committee in 1643 and by autumn 1643 was an officer, probably Captain, in garrison at Brampton Bryan Castle on the Shropshire/Herefordshire border. By early 1644 he was commanding the garrison in nearby Hopton Castle, Shropshire, resisting a prolonged siege and repeated attacks before surrendering on minimal terms; he was taken prisoner and survived but most of the garrison were then killed. He was exchanged duringthe spring and by 20 June was an officer at Wem. He was with the Shropshire horse in the attack on and capture of Shrewsbury in Feb. 1645 and by Oct. was governor of Montgomery Castle, Montgomeryshire. By the end of 1645 he was a colonel and he and his troop, together with other Shropshire horse, were serving at the siege of Chester. He commanded a Shropshire force which on 8 Mar. 1646 at Church Stoke, Shropshire, cornered and forced the surrender of what remained of Sir John Watts’s garrison who were retreating from Chirk Castle. A colonel commanding both Shropshire and Montgomeryshire Forces at the siege of Ludlow in spring 1646. He became governor of Ludlow Castle upon its surrender in June 1646 and later in the summer was appointed Mackworth’s deputy and thus second-in-command of the remaining Shropshire county forces. He was a very active committeeman, named to all Shropshire committees 1644-8.
References: HMC, Calendar of the Manuscripts of the Marquis of Bath, I (1904), 29-30, 36-40; Warws. RO, C2017/C9/98, C2017/C9/133; Dore, Brereton letter books, 2. 162, 204; Colonell Mitton’s Reply to Lieutenant Colonell Reinking’s Relation of the taking of Shrewbury (1645); Perfect Occurrences, 8 May 1646; CSPD, 1645-47, 441; JHC, IV, 614;
Armies: Shropshire
Moreland, Thomas Thomas Moreland
From 1642 down to 1646, ensign in Robert Colemore’s company in John Barker’s/Thomas Willoughby’s regiment of foot.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 23.
Armies: Warwickshire
Moreton, - - Moreton
Served for a time as major in James Kerr’s [Carr’s] regiment of foot.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 37.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association)
Moreton, Leonard Leonard Moreton
Lieutenant in Thomas Ballard’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 43.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Morgan, - - Morgan
Captain of dragoons in Kent by 6 Jan. 1644.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 70.
Armies: Kent; Waller (Southern Association)
Morgan, Miles Miles Morgan
In 1642 cornet in William Pretty’s troop of horse in the earl of Essex’s Army.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 49.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Morgan, Thomas Thomas Morgan (1604-1679)
Colonel. Eldest of the four children of Lewis Morgan, landowner, of Llangattock Lingoed, Monmouthshire. He married firstly an unknown woman on the Continent in 1632 and (2) Delariviere Cholmondeley (died in or before 1683), daughter of John Cholmondeley of Braham Hall, Spofforth, near Knaresborough, Yorkshire in Aug. 1644. A professional soldier from the age of sixteen, he served in the Low Countries under Sir Horace Vere and Bernard of Saxe-Weimar, and alongside George Monck and Charles Fairfax.
By Apr. 1643 a captain raising dragoons in the Elland and Barnsley area of Yorkshire. His company was in the forlorn hope at Adwalton Moor.
Promoted major, and in Sept. 1643 took his dragoons and then into Lincolnshire and to Nantwich, where his brother, his lieutenant, was killed.
Chief engineer at the siege of Lathom House, March 1644.
March 1644 promoted colonel of dragoons in the regiment formerly Sir William Constable’s/Sir William Fairfax’s.
He was at the siege of York and Marston Moor, and at Pontefract on 1 March 1645, when he held Ferrybridge long enough for the parliamentarians to escape; in June his dragoons were sent to Sandal Castle.
Appointed governor of Gloucester in succession to Edward Massey on 18 June 1645.
Colonel of a regiment of horse in Gloucestershire and of the governor’s regiment of foot (previously Edward Massey’s).
Campaigns in Gloucestershire, Herefordshire and Monmouthshire in the First Civil War. Failing to get a command in Ireland in 1648, he retired to Yorkshire until 1651.
Service in Scotland and Flanders; an ally of Monck’s at the Restoration.
References: Jones, ‘War in the North’, 394; Oxford DNB; JHC, 4.632-4
Armies: Gloucestershire
Morgin, John John Morgin
A lieutenant buried at Nantwich, 7 Feb. 1644. This was a couple of weeks after the battle there, so he may have been an officer of either Sir William Brereton’s Cheshire Army or Sir Thomas Fairfax’s Yorkshire Army, or indeed possibly a wounded royalist officer.
References: Civil war in Cheshire, 257.
Armies: Cheshire
Morley, Herbert [Harbert] Herbert [Harbert] Morley (1616-1667)
Baptised 1616, eldest son of Robert Morley (died 1632) of Glynde, Sussex, a leading landed and godly family, prominent in the local administration of Sussex; elder brother of William Morley.
He was MP in the Short and Long Parliaments, where he was a prominent critic of royal government. He was commissioned colonel of a regiment of foot and a regiment of horse in winter 1642-3, and between then and resigning his command in spring 1645 under the terms of the Self-Denying Ordinance, he divided his time between his duties as an MP at Westminster, where he was increasingly a radical and a political Independent, local administration in Sussex, as the leading light on the county committee, and active campaigning at the head of his regiments.
He and his men may have supported the earl of Essex’s relief of Gloucester in summer 1643 and been present at the first battle of Newbury; he certainly campaigned under Waller at Farnham, Surrey, and Bamber Bridge, Arundel Castle and Chichester, Sussex in 1643-4, as well as at the sieges of Basing House in 1644 – when and where he was wounded – and 1645. From early 1644 he was governor of Arundel Castle. Some of his men probably for a time went off to reinforce the garrisons at Weymouth and Melcombe Regis, Dorset and Abingdon, Oxfordshire. At least parts of his two regiments survived his departure from the army in spring 1645, continuing to be based at Arundel under its new governor, his younger brother William Morley.
Morley supported the army in 1647 and kept his seat at Pride’s Purge, though he was not closely involved in the trial of the king. As a Rumper and republican, he did not favour the Protectorate and, although he was elected to all three Protectorate Parliaments, he was one of those republicans who criticized the regime in the first and third and was excluded from the first session of the second. He was active in the Rump when it returned in 1659-60, though by then he was suspected of possible royalism by former republican colleagues. In the end, he secured a pardon but nothing more at the Restoration. He sat in the Restoration parliament until his death.
References: Oxford DNB.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association)
Morley, William William Morley (1621-1679)
Son of Robert Morley (died 1632) of Glynde, Sussex, and his wife Susan (1594/5-1667), daughter and heir of Thomas Hodgson of Framfield; younger brother of Colonel Herbert Morley. He was captain in his brother’s regiment of horse by at least 16 Sept. 1643; he was already a captain by the previous Dec. when he sent a spy to Colonel Edward Apsley during Hopton’s invasion of Sussex By 6 Aug. 1644 he and his troop were in John Middleton’s regiment of horse. But by Jan. 1645 it was back in his father’s regiment, when it was ordered to escort some of Morley’s infantry regiment into the West. On 1 May 1645 Morley was appointed governor of Arundel Castle in succession to his brother He was still governor in 1651 and according to one account the fleeing Charles II almost ran into him whilst he was out hunting; he and his party dismounted to make themselves inconspicuous, and afterwards Charles laughed that, ‘I did not much like his starched mouchates’ (Stanford-Thomas, Sussex, 259).
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 97-9; Sussex Genealogies: Lewes Centre, comp. J. Comber (1933), 193; Thomas-Stanford, Sussex, 75, 169-70, 259.
Armies: Sussex; Waller (Southern Association)
Morphe [Murphe], Maurice Maurice Morphe [Murphe]
25 Sept. 1644-13 Apr. 1646: lieutenant in foot company of Captain Richard Lawrence in regiment of Colonel Robert Butler, Wareham garrison. Arrears claim 30 Oct. 1646.
References: Mayo, Dorset Standing Committee, 42.
Armies: Dorset
Morris, - - Morris
Captain in John Hampden’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 46.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Morris, - - Morris
Lieutenant in Glisson’s troop in Francis Russell’s regiment of horse in the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.98.
Armies: Eastern Association
Morris, John John Morris (c. 1615-1649)
Of North Elmsall township, South Kirkby parish or Esthagh, South Elmshall, near Pontefract, Yorkshire (W. Riding), eldest son of Matthias Morris (Hopper gives North Elmshall as John’s residence; the Oxford DNB gives that of him and his father as Esthagh).
Morris served first in Ireland, then came to England as a royalist but defected after the fall of Liverpool, 1 Nov. 1644.
Morris joined the Northern Army as major and was promoted to lieutenant-colonel in May 1645 during the siege of Pontefract. Changing sides again, as a royalist during the second civil war he captured Pontefract Castle by guile on 1 June 1648 and held it until Mar. 1649. He was executed on 23 Aug. 1649.
References: Oxford DNB; Jones, ‘War in the North’, 394-5; Hopper, ‘Yorkshire parliamentarians’, 119.
Armies: Yorkshire; Northern Army (Fairfax); Northern Army (Poyntz)
Morris, John John Morris
Captain of a troop of horse in the earl of Denbigh’s Army. On 14 Apr. 1644 he received monies towards raising, completing and paying his troop. He was also noted in a list of free quarter imposed on named villages in Warwickshire by the earl of Denbigh and his officers.
References: TNA, SP28/131, Part 12, f. 22; SP28/136, Part 28.
Armies: Earl of Denbigh
Morris, John John Morris
Lieutenant in Lord Brooke’s regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 34.
Armies: Earl of Essex
Morton, John John Morton
Captain-lieutenant in Sir Thomas Hoogan’s company in Sir John Palgrave’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.77.
Armies: Eastern Association
Morton [Mooreton], Robert Robert Morton [Mooreton]
Captain of a troop of horse, which he commanded at some point between Dec. 1644 and Feb. 1646 (William Rideout also commanded the same troop). Arrears order, 21 Jan. 1647.
References: Mayo, Dorset Standing Committee, 132, 152.
Armies: Dorset
Mosley, Edward Edward Mosley
Probably Edward Mosley (born 1618/9) of Manchester, second son of Oswald Mosley (died 1630), of Ancoats, Manchester. If the identification is correct, his elder brother Nicholas (baptised 1611, died 1672), was a royalist who in July 1642 attempted to secure the ammunition stored in Manchester for James Stanley, Lord Strange, whose estates were confiscated in 1643 and who on coronation day 1661 led the procession to Manchester Collegiate Church as ‘Captaine of the Auxiliaries raised in the Towne for the defence of his Majesties most Royal Person and prerogative’ (Oxford DNB [Nicolas Mosley]).
In 1643 Edward’s sister Margaret (1616-1675) married the Puritan minister John Angier.
Edward was a parliamentarian captain of horse in Lancashire, commanding a troop in succession to John Bexwick. One of his troopers was owed arrears of £80 2s. 6d. in Mar. 1652.
In May 1644 he carried the summons of Colonels Richard Holland and Alexander Rigby senior to the countess of Derby summoning her to surrender Lathom House.
References: Vis. Lancs., 1664, 213; TNA, E121/4/6; Lancashire military proceedings, 181; R Raines and C.W. Newton, Life of Humphrey Chetham, founder of the Chetham hospital and library, Manchester, 2 vols., Chetham Soc, (1903), 1.146; Oxford DNB [Nicholas Mosley and John Angier].
Armies: Lancashire
Mosley, Thomas Thomas Mosley
From summer 1642 lieutenant in Ayscough’s troop in Lord Willoughby’s regiment of horse in the earl of Essex’s Army and the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.108.
Armies: Earl of Essex; Eastern Association
Mosse, George George Mosse (died 1643)
The Colonel’s ensign in the Red regiment, London Trained Bands (Colonel Thomas Atkin) in summer 1642; Captain-lieutenant of the colonel’s company in same regiment by Sept. 1643. Killed at the first battle of Newbury (20 Sept. 1643).
References: Thrale 1642; BL, Harl. 986, p. 1.
Armies: London
Mottershead, Thomas Thomas Mottershead
Lieutenant in Captain William Watson’s company in Henry Bradshaw’s regiment of foot in the Cheshire militia at the battle of Worcester, 3 Sept. 1651.
References: Earwaker, East Cheshire, 2.64-68.
Armies: Cheshire
Mould, John John Mould
Lieutenant in the Red regiment, London Trained Bands (Colonel Thomas Atkin) in summer 1642.
References: Thrale 1642.
Armies: London
Moulson, Thomas Thomas Moulson
By Oct. 1643 and still there in Aug. 1644 but subsequently superseded, captain in Sir John Norwich’s regiment of horse in the Eastern Association Army.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.73.
Armies: Eastern Association
Mowsier, John[?] John[?] Mowsier
In late 1644 ensign of the colonel’s company in Sir John Pickering’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army. In spring 1645 he transferred with the regiment into the New Model Army as a lieutenant, but he was killed at Faringdon in early May 1645.
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.84; Wanklyn, New Model Army, I, 167.
Armies: Eastern Association; New Model Army
Moyse, Richard Richard Moyse
Captain in Valentine Walton’s regiment of foot in the Eastern Association Army (commanded by James Hobart from spring 1645).
References: Spring, Eastern Association, 2.105.
Armies: Eastern Association
Mudd, - – Mudd (died 1643)
A captain who fought in the forlorn hope at Adwalton Moor; he died of wounds incurred in the escape from Bradford.
References: Jones, ‘War in the North’, 395.
Armies: Yorkshire
Mugford, Edward Edward Mugford
Lieutenant in Edward Harley’s regiment of foot in Gloucs. In Nov. 1644.
References: HMC, Portland Mss., III, 130.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association)
Mullenex [Mullenax], Thomas Thomas Mullenex [Mullenax]
Lieutenant in Sir Thomas Myddelton’s brigade in North Wales. Surviving warrants record payments to Mullenex, at that time still in London, in spring 1644, to enable him to equip himself and, on 23 May 1644, to march out of the City that day.
References: TNA, SP28/346, no. 154.
Armies: North Wales
Munday, - - Munday (died 1645/6)
Captain in Ralph Weldon’s Kentish regiment of foot by Apr. 1645 and its absorption into the New Model Army. He was killed in the campaign in the West in late 1645 or early 1646.
References: Spring, Waller’s army,153; Firth and Davies, Regimental history, 2.452-3.
Armies: Waller (Southern Association); Kent; New Model Army
Mundy, John John Mundy
Of Markeaton, Derbyshire. Commissioned captain in Sir John Gell’s Derbyshire regiment of foot in Nov. 1642. In early 1643 he was sent with his company to help fortify Sheffield Castle. He disappears from the record after 1643.
References: Brighton, ‘Civil War’, 46, 49; Brighton, ‘Governor’, 6; Turbutt, Derbyshire, 3.1061.
Armies: Derbyshire
Murford, Peter Peter Murford
Major in Richard Norton’s foot regiment by late 1643.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 112.
Armies: Hampshire; Waller (Southern Association)
Muskett, Fulke Fulke Muskett
Lieutenant in the earl of Essex’s own regiment of foot in the earl of Essex’s Army in autumn 1642. On 13 Mar. 1645 the Commons named him as one of the four Captains of Essex’s regiment to be retained in the New Model Army and recommended him as captain in Sir Thomas Fairfax’s regiment of foot, which the Lords duly accepted. In Apr. 1647 Muskett was one of the officers of the regiment who engaged for service in Ireland, and was involved in getting the engagement of the men. In May he was a signatory to an account of the likely willingness of the men to engage for Ireland once indemnity and arrears had been settled. This was countered by the agitators’ representation of the soldiers’ grievances. In the summer, in the face of the regiment’s continuing defiance of parliament, Muskett left – or was driven out of – the regiment.
References: Peacock, Army lists, 26; Firth and Davies, Regimental history, I. 317-25; Temple, ‘New Model Army’, 55; JHC, 4.76, 79; JHL, 7.274, 279.
Armies: Earl of Essex; New Model Army
Myddelton, Andrew Andrew Myddelton
Military treasurer, addressed by Sir Thomas Myddelton as his ‘cousin’ in a number of the warrants directed to him, but there is no mention of him in the extensive Myddelton pedigrees in Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, 3rd. ser., volunteer 2.
References: TNA, SP28/346.
Armies: North Wales
Myddelton, Sir Thomas Sir Thomas Myddelton (1586-1666)
Born London, the only son of a City merchant, who held land in and around Chirk and Chirk Castle, Denbighshire. These were settled on Sir Thomas in 1612, around the time of his first marriage and a few years before he was knighted by James I. He sat in the last parliament of James I and the first of Charles I. Elected to the Long Parliament, Myddelton did not at first stand out as a strong opponent of the king, but in the wake of the Irish Rebellion his position became clearer.
In summer 1643 he was appointed by parliament its commander-in-chief in North Wales, then entirely in royalist hands. He co-operated with Sir William Brereton in the brief parliamentarian expedition in north-east Wales in Nov. 1643 and, more fruitfully, during 1644, raising troops and building up his own brigade or army, securing Oswestry and its hinterland and beginning to push into mid Wales via victory at Montgomery in Sept. and the capture of the castles at Montgomery and Welshpool (Red Castle). However, only limited gains had been made in mid and North Wales by the time he gave up his command in spring 1645 as a consequence of the Self-Denying Ordinance. He played little part in the second civil war, as a moderate was excluded at Pride’s Purge and was largely out of office and under suspicion during the 1650s. He declared for the king in 1659 and actively supported Booth’s Rising, only for Chirk Castle to be attacked and badly damaged. He returned to favour and to parliament at the Restoration.
References: Oxford DNB; DWB.
Armies: North Wales
Myddelton, Sir William, second baronet Sir William Myddelton, second baronet (baptised 1603, died 1651/2)
Cousin of Sir Thomas Myddelton and eldest surviving son of Sir Hugh Myddelton of the New River Company, whom he succeeded as Governor. Colonel of a regiment of foot in his cousin’s army. On 3 Jan. 1644 he received a warrant from Essex to search for horses and arms in and about London (within a 20 mile radius). On 22 Mar. 1644 an agreement was concluded between Sir William and his cousin that the latter would pay Sir William 6s 8d per head for every man in his regiment of foot, and provide arms and equipment plus 6d apiece for ribbons for the regiment. By June his forces were serving under Denbigh (somewhat mutinously) and on 27 June Denbigh ordered three companies of Sir William’s regiment to reinforce the Wem garrison. Sir William was still absent from Sir Thomas’s main army in Sept., and so took no part in the actions at Montgomery and Red Castle. In letters of 25 Sept. and 2 Oct., reporting the victories of Montgomery Castle and Red Castle to the Committee of Both Kingdoms, Sir Thomas Myddelton begged them to send Barton and Sir William Myddelton with horse to him. Sir William had apparently joined his cousin by the end of Oct., when Sir Thomas Middleton ordered pay for quarters and others necessaries of Sir William’s troop.
According to Tucker, he commanded 100 horse in the defeat of the royalist attempt to relieve Beeston Castle in Jan. 1645. He served at the siege of Chester – as such he sat on various courts martial and councils of wars in spring 1645 – and under Mytton was second-in-command at the siege of Denbigh and briefly its governor following its fall.
References: Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, 3rd. ser., vol. 2, 270; Dore, Brereton letter books, 1. 188, 437, 445; 2. 494; Tucker, Denbighshire Officers, 76; TNA, SP28/346; CSPD, 1644; CSPD, 1644-45.
Armies: North Wales
Mydhope [Midhope, Medhope], James James Mydhope [Midhope, Medhope]
Mydhope was cornet in Captain John Hale’s troop of horse in the earl of Essex’s Army in 1642.
In Apr. 1643, when a lieutenant, Mydhope fought in the defence of Lichfield Cathedral Close against Prince Rupert’s army (from this it is inferred that he was an officer in Brooke’s Army). When a breach was made on 20 Apr., he held it with 40 musketeers. According to the account of Captain John Randolph, ‘these fortie seeing little execution done by their shot, being lead on by that truly valiant Souldier, Leiutenant Mydhope did fall upon their Adversaries (being betweene two or three hundred) pell mell, and with their Butt ends of their Muskets, their Swords, and Holbeards, did most bravely repell them’ (Randolph, Honour Advanced, 4).
Mydhope probably came from Staffordshire. He appears in the accounts of the earl of Denbigh’s Army, receiving monies on 17 Aug. 1643 and 23 Mar. 1644, but appears more as an officer commanding a troop of horse in Staffordshire. In Dec. 1643 the Staffordshire county committee noted that, as Mydhope’s troopers had brought their horses with them when they came into the service of the county and had lost them, Mydhope ‘who is now in service of the County in or about Leeke shall have powre to take so many horses of Papists Delinquents or Malignants as to horse the said Troopers’ (Pennington and Roots, Committee at Stafford, 14-5).
In Dec. 1643, by when he had been promoted Major, Mydhope was ordered to a rendezvous at Newcastle under Lyme and take command of the county horse there and to march to Leek against the royalist forces. Mydhope continued to serve in the county in 1644.
With the coming of peace in England Major Mydhope proposed bringing in a regiment of horse which he had enlisted in Worcestershire, Warwickshire and Staffordshire for service in Ireland, and on 12 Oct. 1646 the Committee of Both Houses for Irish Affairs ordered commissions to be made out for Mydhope and his officers.
Mydhope was a signatory to the petition of reformado officers presented to parliament by Sir Thomas Essex on 22 Mar. 1647. On 26 July 1647 he was one of the reformado officers in the crowd which invaded parliament and forced it to reinstate London’s Presbyterian militia committee.
In 1656 Mydhope was living in a house near Westminster Abbey.
References: Peacock, Army Lists, 54; Pennington and Roots, Committee at Stafford, xxxiv, 8, 11, 14-5, 57, 108, 156, 316, 318; J. Randolph, Honour Advanced (1643), 6; TNA, SP28/3/474, SP28/SP28/131, part 12, ff. 6, 17-8, SP28/11/59; CSP Ireland, 1633-1647, 520, 529; JHL, 9.95-6, 10.213-6.
Armies: Earl of Essex; Lord Brooke; Staffordshire
Mynson, Robert Robert Mynson
In summer 1645, ensign to newly-promoted Captain Walford in what had formerly been Godfrey Bosvile’s Warwick-based regiment of foot.
References: Spring, Waller’s army, 31.
Armies: Warwickshire; Waller
Mytton, Thomas Thomas Mytton (1596/7-1656)
Son of Richard Mytton, born into a prosperous Shrewsbury family, though with links over the border in North Wales, he was tied by kinship and marriage to a network of gentry in Shropshire and beyond, including Sir Thomas Myddelton, who was his brother-in-law. During the first half of 1643 he was appointed by parliament to various Shropshire committees, even though the county was at that time largely in royalist hands. Empowered by the earl of Essex in spring 1643 to raise troops in and around Shropshire, in practice though not in name he became parliament’s commander-in-chief in the county. Working closely with Myddelton and Brereton, he secured and fortified Wem in autumn 1643, and it became his principal base. During 1644 he worked to dislodge the royalists from north Shropshire, culminating in the capture of Shrewsbury early in 1645. However, Mytton also fell foul of some of his colleagues on parliament’s Shropshire county committee, who resented his frequent absence from the county and his alliance with external figures such as the earl of Denbigh.
In spring 1645 he succeeded Myddelton as commander-in-chief of North Wales. He campaigned extensively in North Wales in 1645-6 and again in autumn 1648 in putting down the royalist rising in north-west Wales. He held office in both North Wales and Shropshire during the first half of the 1650s and represented his native county in parliament in 1654. He died in 1656.
References: Oxford DNB.
Armies: North Wales; Shropshire