Parliament Rolls of Medieval England. Originally published by Boydell, Woodbridge, 2005.
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'Henry V: October 1419', in Parliament Rolls of Medieval England, (Woodbridge, 2005) pp. . British History Online https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/parliament-rolls-medieval/october-1419 [accessed 19 April 2024]
In this section
1419 October
Introduction 1419
Westminster
16 October - 13 November
(C 65/80. RP , IV.116-22. SR , II.201-202)
C 65/80 is a roll of six membranes, each approximately 310mm. (12 ins) wide, sewn together in chancery style and numbered at the head and foot in a later hand. The text, in a clear chancery script, occupies the rectos of the membranes only. The versos are blank, apart from the words 'Parl. septimo H. 5', written in a later hand at the head of membrane 6, and, at the foot of the guard membrane, the identifications 'parliamentum 7 o H. 5.' and 'parliamentum de anno septimo H. quinti', both in later hands. A strip of parchment which appears to come from the top of m. 6, as it bears the words 'I', 'm. 6' and 'Rotulus parliamenti de anno regis Henrici quinti post conquestum septimo', has been sewn, upside down, across the join of m. 1 and the guard membrane to strengthen it. The roll is in good condition, apart from slight staining to m. 1. The marginal headings to the commons' petitions are later (except for the initial 'Petitiones communitatis'), while this and the headings to the main part of the roll are contemporary. The initials have been decorated with simple penwork flourishes. The commons' petitions are numbered in a contemporary hand, and later numbers have been given to all items. Spaces have been left at the foot both of m. 3 (before the commons' petitions) and of m. 4. There are no indications that the roll is incomplete.
Following his departure in July 1417, Henry V remained in France continually for three and a half years, engaged primarily upon the conquest of Normandy, but ultimately upon the pursuit of his claim to the French throne. The first of these goals was achieved when, on 19 January 1419, the Norman capital Rouen fell to his army after a bitter siege lasting nearly six months. Not surprisingly, however, the effect of the English successes was to frighten the warring factions in France into an attempt to patch up their differences, and it was with this in mind that a meeting was arranged between the Dauphin Charles - the oldest surviving son of the now almost permanently insane King Charles VI, and thus, by default, the champion of the Armagnac cause - and John the Fearless, duke of Burgundy and leader of the Burgundian faction. The interview upon which hopes of French unity rested was set for 10 September, on the bridge at Montereau, at the confluence of the Seine and the Yonne fifty miles south of Paris. Yet it proved to be not the platform for reconciliation, but the catalyst to a period of civil war in France more bloody and sectarian even than what had gone before; for, hardly had Duke John stepped on to the bridge when he was struck down with an axe by one of the Dauphin's attendants, and with him died all hope of peace. The civil war continued; the new duke of Burgundy, Philip the Good, came out openly in support of England; and Henry - the real victor of Montereau - could now assert with more justification than ever the righteousness of his cause.
From the English king's point of view, the timing of Duke John's assassination could scarcely have been bettered. Although it was nearly two years since the last parliament, that of November 1417, had granted taxation, signs of war-weariness were becoming apparent in England, and when, on 24 August, John duke of Bedford, regent in Henry's absence, had issued writs summoning a parliament to meet at Westminster on 16 October, he cannot have felt entirely sanguine about the prospects of persuading the commons to make any substantial further contribution to the king's needs. Duke John's murder did not remove all the obstacles from his path, but the horror with which it was greeted undoubtedly helped to clear the way.
The list of lords spiritual summoned to the parliament was the same as for the previous parliament, but since many of the lords temporal were with the king, only sixteen of them were summoned, of whom only one, John Lord Greystoke, was receivinghis first summons. (fn. f1419int-1) The returns of the elected members yield a total of 227 names - 70 knights of the shire and 157 burgesses. (fn. f1419int-2)
On Monday 16 October the parliament duly met, under the presidency of Bedford, in the Painted Chamber at Westminster. The opening address was given - as in each of the last five parliaments of the reign - by chancellor Thomas Langley, bishop of Durham, who took as his theme 'Let us not be weary in well-doing'. (fn. f1419int-3) Strangely, he made no mention of the events at Montereau, although he was at pains to emphasise that what Henry really sought was not war but peace, and that it was not desire, but necessity, which caused war. In order to achieve peace, however, it was essential for the moment that the war be continued, and in order to do this the king needed both money and men. He also reassured the commons that, despite the king's prolonged absence, Henry still cared deeply about the governance of 'his realm of England', and that if, therefore, any of them wished to raise any points in relation to royal ministers or to the laws of the land, they were welcome to do so. However, the members seem to have been in no mood to make trouble. Having elected Roger Flore, MP for Rutland, as their speaker for the third time in succession, (fn. f1419int-4) they proceeded to grant the king not only a whole fifteenth and tenth payable in February 1420, but also a further one third of a fifteenth and tenth payable in the following November.
Although this was by no means ungenerous, it was undoubtedly rather less than Bedford and Langley had hoped for, and there is evidence that the commons took some persuading. The unusual fraction of one third of a fifteenth and tenth is in itself suggestive of tight bargaining - it was nearly always whole or half fifteenths and tenths which were granted. Moreover, the record of the grant on the roll is followed immediately by a detailed form of security guaranteeing repayment of any loans which might be raised by the government in anticipation of this third, and it concludes unambiguously with the statement that nothing which the commons had said or done should be taken to imply that they were 'in any way bound to the king... or his heirs and successors... to support his wars in the land of France or of Normandy'. Their assumption seems to have been that peace would be made within a year at most, following which the commons had no intention of acting as paymasters to the warring factions within France. (fn. f1419int-5) The commons were also concerned about the effect which five years of relentless taxation was having on the supply of bullion, for they further stipulated that the money raised from the fifteenth and tenth should be spent in England rather than France, with the provisions bought in England being subsequently shipped to the army across the Channel. If cash was required in Normandy (as it manifestly was), Henry should buy wool in England, ship it to Normandy, and sell it there, using the proceeds to pay his soldiers.
The clergy, when they met in convocation, expressed similar misgivings to those of the commons, and instead of granting the customary tenths, were prepared to offer only a twentieth on benefices plus 6s. 8d. from chantry chaplains. (fn. f1419int-6) These conditions attached by both commons and clergy to their grants clearly reflect genuine concern about the king's apparently bottomless need for money and its effects upon the English economy, and the measures which they suggested were both sensible and practicable. The fact that the parliament lasted for more than four weeks is also indicative of the degree of persuasion required on the government side, for there was little apart from financial business to detain the members. Indeed, the only other matter of note to be raised was the question of the arrangements to be made for those who owed rents, annuities, or payments of any other kind to Joan of Navarre, the king's stepmother - the problem being that, three weeks before the parliament met, Queen Joan had been arrested, and all her lands and goods seized by the crown, on the grounds that she had employed witchcraft to plot the death of the king. Whether there was any truth in this bizarre allegation is difficult to know; the unfortunate queen had never been popular in England, and perhaps this was simply a cynical move by Henry V to get his hands on her revenues. At any rate, the charges against her were never pressed, and she was released on the king's orders shortly before his death. (fn. f1419int-7)
Among the petitions submitted by the commons, it is worth noting the reiteration of the statute of 1390 which prohibited lay persons with less than forty shillings' worth of land per annum, or clerks with benefices worth less than £10 per annum, from possessing the means to catch 'game, hares or rabbits, or other creatures which are the quarry of gentlemen'; in a similar vein, concern was expressed that, despite previous legislation on the subject, chaplains were continuing to demand excessive wages, and it was agreed that this legislation should also be confirmed. Such concerns were doubtless real enough to the members at Westminster, but among the populace at large the parliament of October 1419 seems to have passed almost unnoticed. Not a single one of the contemporary chroniclers even so much as mentioned it. Their attention, not unnaturally, was fixed upon the war, and the fact that the parliament had provided the means for its continuation was probably no more nor less than they had expected. Nor were they to be disappointed, for within six months of parliament's dissolution, (fn. f1419int-8) Henry had driven home his military superiority by concluding the Treaty of Troyes, which appeared to give him almost everything that he had fought for. By the time that the commons next assembled, in December 1420, they would be addressing Henry not only as 'king of England', but also as 'heir and regent of the kingdom of France'.
Text and translation
| [p. iv-116] | |
| [col. a] | |
| [memb. 6] | |
| ROTULUS PARLIAMENTI TENTI APUD WESTM', SEXTODECIMO DIE OCTOBRIS, ANNO REGNI REGIS HENRICI QUINTI POST CONQUESTUM SEPTIMO. | THE ROLL OF THE PARLIAMENT HELD AT WESTMINSTER ON 16 OCTOBER, IN THE SEVENTH YEAR OF THE REIGN OF KING HENRY THE FIFTH SINCE THE CONQUEST. |
| 1. Pronunciacione de parlement. | [1. The opening of parliament]. |
| Fait assavoir, qe au parlement tenuz a Westm' le .xvi. jour d'Octobre, l'an du regne le Roi Henry quint puis le conquest septisme, en la presence de l'onurable et puissant prince Johan duc de Bedeford, frere et lieutenaunt au roi nostre tressoverain seignur, et gardein d'Engleterre, seant en la Chambre Depeinte deins le palois de Westm', et auxi de les seignurs espirituelx et temporelx, et les chivalers des countees, et citeins et burgeois de le roialme d'Engleterre, pur toute la commune de mesme le roialme au dit parlement venuz, illoeqes alors esteantz, monseignur l'evesqe de Duresme, chaunceller d'Engleterre, par comandement du dit gardein, < disoit > , qe les gentz de ceste roialme ount grande cause et matere de honurer nostre dit soverain seignur, et luy avoir en especiale commendacione et prier, pur taunt q'il comence ses oepres et affaires, ove le pour de luy trespuissant Dieu, desirant pluis tost pees qe guerre: Inicium sapiencie timor Domini. (fn. iv-116-6-1) Et nomement touchant le recoverer et la restitucione avoir, de les seignuries et possessions pardela le meer appurtenauntz a sa corone d'Engleterre, torcenousement detenuz et occupiez par soun adversair de Fraunce; < et > coment nostre dit soverain seignur, devant la comencement d'ascune guerre, fist sovent par sez ambassiatours, solempnes requestes a soun dit adversair par fourme de paix. Et non obstant < sa repuls > de ceo, et auxi la gloriouse victorie des gents Franceys a Echyncourt, et la gaine et conquest des plusours citees, chasteux, et seignuries, de la duchee de Normandie, parcelle de soun droiturelle demande, quelx Dieu de sa benigne grace luy ad ottroie, unqore obeia il au traicte de paix, et l'attendist plusours foitz par sez ambassiatours, et au darrein par sa persone demesne, solonqe le conseil de le prophete: Inquire pacem et persequere eam. (fn. iv-116-6-2) Et par la ou il soi < vorreit > avoir estee content en celles tractees d'un petit, eu consideracione a sez grande claym et demande, unqore ne vorroit la dite partie adversair incliner a nulle conclusione resonable; et issint de necessite, et nient de volunte, s'ad mys nostre dit soverain seignur a soun recoverer par voie de guerre, affiant pleinement en Dieu celle partie: Necessitas causat bellum, et non voluntas. Et prist moun dit seignur le chaunceller pur soun theame: Bonum facientes non deficiamus. (fn. iv-116-6-3) | Opening of parliament. Be it known that at the parliament held at Westminster on 16 October, in the seventh year of the reign of King Henry the fifth since the conquest - in the presence of the honourable and mighty prince John duke of Bedford, brother and lieutenant of the king our most sovereign lord, and regent of England, seated in the Painted Chamber in the palace of Westminster, and also of the lords spiritual and temporal, and the knights of the shires and citizens and burgesses of the realm of England assembled at the said parliament on behalf of the whole commons of the same realm, present there at that time - my lord the bishop of Durham, chancellor of England, at the command of the said regent, said that the people of this realm have great cause and reason for honouring our said sovereign lord, and for making him the special object of their commendation and prayers, since he begins his works and affairs with the fear of the most mighty God, desiring rather peace than war: 'The beginning of wisdom is the fear of the Lord'. (fn. iv-116-6-1) And especially with regard to the recovery and restoration of the lordships and possessions overseas pertaining to his crown of England, which have been wrongly withheld and occupied by his adversary of France; and how our said sovereign lord, before the start of any war, often made solemn requests to his said adversary through his ambassadors by peaceful means. Yet, notwithstanding the rejection of these overtures of his, and also the glorious victory over the French people at Agincourt, and the gain and conquest of many cities, castles and lordships in the duchy of Normandy, which formed part of his rightful demand, which God in his merciful grace has granted him, he still attended to the negotiations for peace, and strove after it several times through his ambassadors, and ultimately in his own person, following the advice of the prophet, 'Seek peace and pursue it'. (fn. iv-116-6-2) And whereas he would have been content in those discussions with a little, considering his great claim and demand, the said opposing party still did not wish to agree to any reasonable solution; and thus through necessity, and not by desire, our said sovereign lord went about his recovery by means of war, trusting fully in God on that matter, for 'Necessity causes war and not desire'. And my said lord the chancellor took as his theme, 'Let us not be weary in well-doing.' (fn. iv-116-6-3) |
| 2. Sur quoy il declara les causes del somons de parlement, monstrant coment nostre tressoverain seignur ad toutditz tresespeciale chierete a soun roialme d'Engleterre, et vorreit savoir coment la paix et les leies de la terre, et sez officers d'icelle, feurent governez en sa absence, et si riens ent bosoigne d'amendement, qe par bon < advis > et sage en cest parlement ceo purra estre refourmee. Et auxi qe bone et discrete disposicione pur la salve garde de meer, et de les marchies de Caleis et autres, encountre la malice de sez enemys, soit par le dit advis ordeigne. Et disoit outre, qe considerez coment nostre dit soverain seignur mesmes ad eu tresgrandes et grevouses labours et desaises ceo en arere, pur soun dit droit recoverer, [col. b] et si la guerre fuisse ore discontinue, qe Dieu defende, tresperilous damages et meschieves de ceo ensuereient; et la quelle saunz notable aide d'avoir, et afforcement des gents, ne se purra continuer, soient adonqes par le meillour advis et diligence de ceste assemblee purveu et ordeignee, tiele aide et afforcement qe soient covenables et comendables, pur le honure et seurete du roi, ses gents, et du roialme; issint q'il purra sentir, qe soun poeple ycy luy ount, et soun estat apresent en chierete, et parfit affeccione, et parount pees saunz fyn entre les ditz roialmes en brieve aviendra, par la grace de Dieu omnipotent; a sa plesaunce et glorie, et au tout le roialme d'Engleterre profit, quiete, et prosperite perpetuelx. Et puis disoit le dit chaunceller, qe le dit gardein avoit ordeine et assigne, en manere accustumee, certeins clercs pur resceiver peticions de ceux qi soi pleindre vorront en cest parlement, et auxi certeins seignurs pur eux trier et respondre a ycelles; des queux seignurs et clercs les nouns cy ensuent. Et auxi le dit chaunceller chargea les ditz chivalers, citeins, et burgeois, q'ils aillent al eleccione de lour commune parlour cest jour, issint q'ils luy purront presenter demain devaunt le gardein en parlement. | 2. Whereupon he declared the reasons for the summons of parliament, explaining how our most sovereign lord has always had a very special affection for his realm of England, and wishes to know how the peace and the laws of the land, and his officers there, were managed in his absence; and if any of these things need amendment, let this be provided by good and wise advice in this parliament. And also that good and wise measures should be ordained by the said advice for the safekeeping of the sea and of the marches of Calais and elsewhere, against the malice of his enemies. And he said furthermore that, considering how our same said sovereign lord has hitherto had very great and serious difficulties and misfortunes in recovering his said right, [col. b] and if the war were now to be discontinued, which God forbid, most dangerous injuries and wrongs would ensue; and as this cannot be continued without considerable financial aid and reinforcements of manpower, then let such aid and reinforcements as are suitable and praiseworthy, for the honour and security of the king, his people and the realm, be provided and ordained through the best advice and application of this assembly, so that he can feel that his people here look upon him and his estate at present with love and complete affection, and through which peace without end may shortly be brought about between the said realms by the grace of Almighty God; to His pleasure and glory, and to the perpetual advantage, peace and prosperity of all the realm of England. And then the said chancellor said that the regent had ordained and assigned, in the accustomed way, certain clerks to receive petitions from those who wish to complain in this parliament, and also certain lords to try and to answer them; the names of which lords and clerks follow here. And the said chancellor also commanded the said knights, citizens and burgesses to proceed that day to the election of their common speaker, so that they could present him on the following day before the regent in parliament. |
| 3. Receivours des peticions d'Engleterre, Irland, Gales, et d'Escoce: | 3. Receivers of petitions from England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland: |
| 4. Receivours des peticions de Gascoigne, et d'autres terres et paiis pardela le meer, et des Isles: | 4. Receivers of petitions from Gascony and from the other lands and countries overseas, and from the Channel Islands: |
| Et ceux qi vorront liverer lour peticions, les baillent parentre cy et le lundy proschein avenir. | Those who wish to submit their petitions should deliver them between now and Monday next [23 October].. |
| 5. Et sont assignez triours des peticions d'Engleterre, Irland, Gales, et Escoce: | 5. The following are assigned to be triers of petitions from England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland: |
| Trestoutz ensemble, ou cynk des prelats et seignurs avauntditz au meyns; appellez as eux les chaunceller et tresorer, et auxint les serjantz du roi quaunt y bosoignera. Et tiendront lour place en la Chambre de Chamberlein, pres la Chambre Depeinte. | To act all together, or at least five of the aforesaid prelates and lords, consulting with the chancellor and treasurer, as well as the king's serjeants when necessary. And their session shall be held in the Chamberlain's Chamber, near the Painted Chamber. |
| [p. iv-117] | |
| [col. a] | |
| 6. Et sont assignez triours des peticions de Gascoigne, et des autres terres et paiis pardela le meer, et des Isles: | 6. The following are assigned to be triers of petitions from Gascony and from the other lands and countries overseas, and from the Channel Islands: |
| Toutz ensemble, ou deux des prelates et seignurs avauntditz; appellez a eux les chaunceller et tresorer, et auxint les serjantz du roi quaunt y bosoignera. Et tiendrent lour place en la Chambre Marcolf. | To act all together, or two of the aforesaid prelates and lords, consulting with the chancellor and treasurer, as well as the king's serjeants when necessary. And their session shall be held in the Marcolf Chamber.. |
| Presentacione de parlour. | [Presentation of the speaker]. |
| 7. Mardy, le seconde jour de parlement, viendrent les communes devaunt le dit gardein et les seignurs en parlement, et presenterent Rogier Flour esquier, pur lour commune parlour, a qi le gardein s'agrea bien. Et apres ceo le dit parlour pria q'il purroit parler desoutz tiel protestacione, come autres parlours avoient fait par devaunt. Et le gardein luy ottroia q'il averoit tiel protestacione, come autres q'avoient estez parlours ceo enariere ont eu, en temps du roy q'orest, et de sez nobles progenitours. Et pria auxi le dit parlour, qe s'il parleroit riens autrement qe n'estoit accorde par sez ditz compaignons, q'il soy purroit corriger et refourmer par lour bone advis. A qi le dit gardein s'agrea bien. | 7. Presentation of the speaker. On Tuesday the second day of the parliament, the commons came before the said regent and the lords in parliament, and presented Roger Flore esquire as their common speaker, whom the said regent readily accepted. And after this the said speaker requested that he might speak under such protestation as other speakers had done previously. And the regent agreed that he should have such protestation as others who had previously been speakers had had in the time of the present king or of his noble progenitors. And the said speaker also requested that if he should say anything to which his said companions had not agreed, he could be corrected and put right by their good advice. To which the said regent agreed readily. |
| [memb. 5] | |
| Le graunt fait a roi d'une xv e et de une x e , et de la terce partie d'une xv e et de une x e . | [The grant made to the king of a fifteenth and a tenth, and of a third of a fifteenth and a tenth]. |
| 8. Al honour de Dieu, et pur les graunde amour, et entier affeccione, queux les poevres communes de la roialme d'Engleterre ount a nostre tresredoute et tressoverain seignur le roy, les ditz poevres communes, par assent des seignurs espirituelx et temporelx, le treszisme jour de Novembre, l'an du regne nostre dit seignur le roy septisme, grauntont a mesme nostre seignur le roy en cest present parlement, pur defense du dit roialme d'Engleterre en especial, une entiere quinzisme, et une entiere disme, et la tierce partie d'une quinzisme, et d'une disme; pur estre levez de laies gentz en manere accustume: c'estassavoir, les ditz entiere quinzisme, et entiere disme, a le fest de la purificacione de Nostre Dame proschein avenir; et la dite tierce partie d'une quinzisme, et d'une disme, qe remaynt, a le fest de Seint Martyn en yverne lors proschein ensuant le dit fest de purificacione. | 8. The grant made to the king of a fifteenth and a tenth, and of a third of a fifteenth and a tenth. In honour of God, and on account of the great love and wholehearted affection which the poor commons of the realm of England have for our most dread and most sovereign lord the king, the said poor commons, by the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal, on 13 November in the seventh year of the reign of our said lord the king, grant to our same lord the king in this present parliament, specifically for the defence of the said realm of England, a whole fifteenth and a whole tenth, and a third of a fifteenth and of a tenth; to be levied from the laity in the customary manner: that is, the said whole fifteenth and whole tenth at the feast of the Purification of Our Lady next [2 February 1420]; and the said third of a fifteenth and of a tenth which remains at the feast of St Martin in the winter following the said feast of the Purification [11 November 1420]. |
| Chevance. < Pur > les laies et autres. | [Arrangements for the raising of loans]. |
| 9. Fait assaver, < qe desicome sur la tierce partie d'une disme, et > d'une quinzisme, grauntee sur les laies en cest present parlement, a estre levez a le fest de Seint Martyn, en iverne qe serra l'an du grace mille ccccxx e , il semble au dit gardein, et as seignurs espirituelx et temporelx en cest present parlement, qe y faute avoir chevance devaunt le dit fest, au fin qe parmy < la > provisione de tiele chevance, le roy nostre soverain seignur puisse estre le meultz et pluis tost purveuz pur resister a la malice de sez enemys, et en conservacione de sez droitures, et la saufe garde de soun roialme; il est ordeigne en ceo mesme parlement, qe par auctorite d'icelle, soit la dite tierce partie de les laies, assignez a le repaiement de ceux qi surceo voillent faire la chevance, et qe le chaunceller d'Engleterre pur le temps esteant, par le tresorer de mesme le roialme, ou soun deputee, certifiez de la chevance, qe ascuns chapitres des esglises cathedralx, ou collegialx, ou abbeies, ou priories, citees, ou burghs, ou autres singulers persones, averont ou avera faite, sur promesse d'en avoir repaiement de la suisdite tierce partie, face faire a tieles chapitres, colleges, abbeies, priories, citees, burghs, et a chescun autre singuler persone, de la somme dount ils averont [col. b] ou avera ainsi fait la chevance, lettres patentz dessoutz le graunde seal de roi nostre soverain seignur, brieves sur ycelles, et briefs sur tailles, et autres garrantz suffisantz et bosoignables, en due fourme, saunz rien paier pur ycelles; pur en avoir repaiement de mesme la tierce partie, solonc le purport d'icelles lettres patentz, briefs, tailles, ou autres garrantz; et qe pur nulle chose ou cause qe poet avenir, la leve de la dite tierce partie, ne soit retardee ne delaiee outre le suisdit fest de Seint Martyn, mes q'elesoit alors levez et paiez a ceux qe sur ceo averont fait la chevance, solonc l'effect et purport de les lettres patentz du roy nostre seignur, brieves, tailles, ou autres garrantz suisditz, qe par manere come dessuis surce serront faitz. Et paraillement est ordeignee en mesme le parlement, et par auctoritee d'icelle, qe a toutz ceux persones, qi sur dismes ou dymy dismes, par les clergies des provinces de Caunterbirs et d'Everwyk, en lour convocacions grauntiez, ou a grauntiers a nostre dit soverain seignur, voillent faire autiele chevance, qe le dit chaunceller, par le dit tresorer, ou soun deputee, certifiez de la chevance, qe les ditz persones averont fait, sur promesse de avoir repaiement de les ditz dismes, ou dymy dismes des cleres, face faire a ycelles persones, a chescune de eux, de la somme dount ils ou il averont ou avera, ainsi fait la chevance, lettres patentz du roi, briefs sur ycelles, et brieves sur tailles, et autres garrantz sufficeantz et bosoignables, en due fourme; saunz riens paier pur ycelles en l'escheqer, ou aillours; pur en avoir repaiement des suisditz dismes ou dymy dismes de le clergie, solonc le purport d'icelles lettres patentz, brieves, tailles, ou autres garrantz; et qe pur nulle chose ou cause qe poet avenir, la levee des ditz dismes ou dymy dismes des clercs, sur la quelle ou queux, auteux chevances serront faitz, ne soient ou soit, retardee ne delaiee, ne retardez ou delaiez, outre le jour ou jours, en les ditz graunts limitez ou a limiters; mes qe de mesmes les dismes, ou dymy dismes des clercs, ceux qe sur ceo averont fait la chevance, soient alors < repaiez et satisfiez > , solonc l'effect et purport des lettres patentz, brieves, tailles, ou autres garrantz suisditz, qe a eux en la manere suisdit serront faitz; et qe nulle assignement ou autre chose depart le roi serra fait le meen temps, en destourbance ou impediment de les repaiementz affairez ceste partie des chevances dessuisditz. Et au fyn qe l'effect de ce present enact serra le pluis effectuelment execut saunz variance, toutz les seignurs espirituelx et temporelx esteantz presentz, des queux les nouns sont dessoutz escriptz, sont assurez en la presence du dit gardein, qe unqes ils ne assenteront, qe l'effect du dit enact serra adnulle ne chaunge, mes qe toutz yceux qe averont fait chevance, sur les ditz dismes ou dymy dismes des clercs, et auxi sur la dite tierce partie d'une xv e et une x e des laies, en averont repaiement, solom l'effect des lettres patentz du roi, brieves, tailles, ou autres garrantz suisditz, qe sur ceo lour serront faitz; purveu toutz voies, qe par nulle parole ou paroles, compris ou comprisez en ceste presente acte, le roialme d'Engleterre, ne l'estats ou la communaltee d'icelle soient en nulle manere chargeez, envers le roi nostre soverain seignur, sez heirs, ou successours, rois d'Engleterre, pur supporter sez guerres en la terre de Fraunce, ou de Normandie. (fn. iv-116-34-1) | 9. Loans. For the laity and others. Be it known that, inasmuch as - on the security of a third of a tenth and a fifteenth granted on the laity in this present parliament to be levied at the feast of St Martin in the winter which will be that of the year of grace 1420 - it seems to the said regent and to the lords spiritual and temporal in this present parliament that a loan is necessary before the said feast, so that through the provision of such a loan the king our sovereign lord may be better and more swiftly enabled to resist the malice of his enemies and to preserve his rights and safeguard his realm; it is ordained in this same parliament that, by its authority, the said third from the laity should be assigned to the repayment of those who thereupon wish to lend money, and that the chancellor of England at the time, on being informed by the treasurer of the same realm, or his deputy, of the loans which any chapters of cathedral or collegiate churches, or abbeys, or priories, cities, or boroughs, or other individual persons may make, on the promise of being repaid from the aforesaid third, should cause to be issued to such chapters, colleges, abbeys, priories, cities, boroughs, and to each other individual person, for the sum which they have [col. b] thus lent, letters patent under the great seal of the king our sovereign lord, writs on them, and writs on tallies, and other sufficient and necessary warrants in due form, without anything being paid for them; so that they might be repaid from the same third in accordance with the tenor of the same letters patent, writs, tallies, or other warrants; and that for no cause or reason which may arise should the levy of the said third be postponed or delayed beyond the aforesaid feast of St Martin, but that it should then be levied and paid to those who have thereupon lent money, in accordance with the substance and tenor of the letters patent of the king our lord, writs, tallies, or other aforesaid warrants which will be issued for this in the manner described above. And similarly it is ordained in the same parliament, and by its authority, that to all those persons who wish to make a similar loan on tenths or half tenths granted or to be granted to our said sovereign lord by the clergy of the provinces of Canterbury and York in their convocations, the said chancellor, on being informed by the said treasurer or by his deputy of the loan which the said persons have made on the promise of being repaid from the said tenths or half tenths from the clergy, should cause to be issued to those persons, and to each of them, for the sum which they have thus lent, letters patent from the king, writs on them, and writs on tallies, and other sufficient and necessary warrants in due form, without anything being paid for them in the exchequer or elsewhere; so that they might be repaid from the aforesaid tenths or half tenths from the clergy in accordance with the tenor of those letters patent, writs, tallies, or other warrants; and that for no cause or reason which may arise should the levy of the said tenths or half tenths from the clergy on which such loans will be made, be postponed or delayed beyond the day or days specified or to be specified in the said grants; but that those who have thereupon lent money should be repaid and recompensed from the same tenths or half tenths from the clergy, in accordance with the substance and tenor of the letters patent, writs, tallies, or other aforesaid warrants which will be issued to them in the aforesaid manner; and that no assignment or other project on the part of the king will be ordained in the meantime to hinder or impede the repayments of the aforesaid loans to be made in this matter. And in order that the substance of this present enactment may be more effectively enforced without alteration, all the lords spiritual and temporal present here, whose names are written below, have promised in the presence of the said regent that they will never assent to the substance of the said enactment being cancelled or altered, but that all those who have lent money on the said tenths or half tenths from the clergy, and also on the said third of a fifteenth and tenth from the laity, will be repaid in accordance with the effect of the king's letters patent, writs, tallies or other aforesaid warrants which will be issued to them for this; provided always that by no word or words included in this present act will the realm of England, or its estates or community, be in any way bound to the king our sovereign lord, or his heirs or successors, kings of England, to support his wars in the land of France or of Normandy. (fn. iv-116-34-1) |
| Provisione pur la moneie de la terre. | [Provision for the coin of the realm]. |
| 11. Purceo qe la moneye de la terre ad estee emportez hors du roialme jatarde pluis graundement, et en meint autres maners qe ne soleit, a tiele meschief et empoverissement de tout le roialme, qe si remede ne soit fait apresent, verraisemblable est, qe la moneie cuneez unqore remaignant dedeins le roialme ent serra tout emporteez deins brieve, accordez est et assentuz en cest parlement, qe le counseil du roy, eit [poair] , par auctoritee de mesme le parlement, de faire tiele provisione et ordinance pur la bone conservacione et demure de la dite moneie cy dedeins le roialme, et auxi pur l'encrees d'icelle, come as seignurs du dit counseil pur le temps esteantz, purra estre sentu le meultz profitable pur le commune profit du roialme, solonc lour bone advis et discrecions; appellez a eux tieux merchauntz del estaple, et autres discretz persones, queux lour semblera pluis necessaries en le cas. | 11. Provision for the coin of the realm. Since the coin of the realm has recently been taken out of the realm in greater quantity, and in many other ways, than was previously the custom, to such injury and impoverishment of the whole realm that if a remedy is not provided at present it is probable that all the minted coin still remaining in the realm will shortly be removed from it, it is decided and agreed in this parliament that the king's council should have power, by authority of the same parliament, to make such provision and ordinance for the proper preservation and retention of the said coin within the realm, and also for its increase, as will seem to the lords of the said council at the time to be the most advantageous for the common profit of the realm, according to their good advice and discretions; and let them call upon such merchants of the staple and other discreet persons as will seem to them to be most necessary in this case. |
| Ordeinance fait pur la conservacione du dite moneie. | [The ordinance made for the preservation of the said coin]. |
| 12. Item, pur la meillour conservacione du dite moneie cy dedeinz le roialme, accordez est et assentuz en ceo mesme parlement, qe de les deniers provenauntz sibien des dismes et quinzismes des laies en cest present parlement graunteez, come de les dismes par les clergies des provinces de Canterbirs et Everwyk en lour convocacions grauntez, ou a granterz a nostre soverain seignur, soient par advis de soun counseil purveuz et achatez, cy dedeins le roialme, frument, draps, et autres necessaries au roi, et a sez souldeours par dela. Et auxi pur ceo qe les subgitz du roi dedeins soun duchee de Normandie, ont graunde bosoigne, d'avoir lain pur ent soi occupier, et faire draps a lour vesture, ordeigne est, qe par advis du dit counseil purront < de > les suisditz deniers estre purveuz et achatez cy dedeinz le roialme, al oeps du roi, a tant des sakkes de lains, come il plerra au roi, et qe par auctorite d'icest parlement, icelle quantitee des sakkes de lain purra estre eskippez en quelqe port ou ports, ceo plerra au roi, pur passer en soun dit duchee de Normandie, parentre cy, et le fest de Seint Martyn, en iverne qe serra l'an de grace mille iiij c xx e , et y estre venduz a sez ditz subgitz illeoqes, ascunes estatutz ou ordinances del estaple, ou autres estatutz ou ordinances faitz au contrarie non obstantz, au fyn qe de les deniers provenauntz del pris des ditz lains, le roi purra estre le meultz purveuz de moneie, dount paier les gages a sez souldeours. | 12. The ordinance made for the preservation of the said coin: - For the better preservation of the said coin within the realm, it has been decided and agreed in this same parliament that, from the money arising from both the tenths and fifteenths from the laity granted in this present parliament, and from the tenths granted or to be granted by the clergy of the provinces of Canterbury and York in their convocations, wheat, cloth and other necessaries for the king and for his soldiers overseas should, with the advice of his council, be purveyed and bought here within the realm. And because the king's subjects in his duchy of Normandy have a great need for wool to occupy themselves with, and to make cloth to clothe themselves with, it is also ordained that, with the advice of the said council, as many sacks of wool as the king pleases may be purveyed and bought with the aforesaid money for the king's use here within the realm; and, by authority of this parliament, those sacks of wool may be shipped from any port or ports, as the king pleases, to go to his said duchy of Normandy, between now and the feast of St Martin in the winter [11 November] which will be that of the year of grace 1420, and there be sold to his said subjects there; notwithstanding any statutes or ordinances of the staple or any other statutes or ordinances made to the contrary; so that from the money raised from the price of the said wool the king may be better provided with money to pay the wages of his soldiers. |
| [col. b] | |
| [memb. 4] | |
| L'aquitance pur ceux qi paient au tresorer d'Engleterre, ou soun deputee, les fermes et annuitees grantez a roigne. | [The acquittance for those who pay the treasurer of England or his deputy the farms and annuities granted to Queen Joan, following her arrest]. |
| 13. Fait a remembrer, qe sur enformacione fait au roi nostre soverain seignur, tant par relacione et confessione d'une frere Johan Randolf, del ordre des freres menours, come par autres evidences creables, qe Johane roigne d'Engleterre, avoit compassez et ymaginez la mort et destruccione de nostre dit seignur le roi, en le pluis haute et horrible manere, qe l'en purroit deviser, les queux compassement, ymaginacione, et destruccione, parmy tout le roialme d'Engleterre sont overtement publiez, si est par le conseil du nostre seignur le roi avisez, assentuz, et ordeignez, qe entre autres, toutz les biens et chateux de ladite roigne, et auxi toutz les biens et chateux de Roger Colles de Salopbirs, et de Peronelle Brocart, nadgairs demurantz ovesqe la dite roigne, queux de la suisdite traisone sont notoirement suspectz, en qi mains q'ils soient, les queux la dite roigne avoit, ou les ditz autres persones suisnomez avoient, le vingt et septisme jour de Septembre darrein passe, et puis, et auxi toutz les issues, rentes, fermes, arrerages de fermes, custumes, revenues, profitz, et commoditees, issantz et provenauntz de toutz les chasteux, manoirs, seignuries, honures, terres, tenementz, rentes, services, fees, avoesons, hundredes, fraunchises, libertees, et autres possessions queconqes, queux mesme la roigne avoit et tenoit en doaire et autrement, ou les ditz autres persones avoient, le suisdit vingt et septisme jour de Septembre, soient receuz et gardez par le tresorer d'Engleterre, ou soun deputee, pur le temps esteant, qi avera la garde des avauntditz biens et chateux, et auxi de toutz les issues, rentes, fermes, arrerages de fermes, custumes, revenuz, profitz, et commodites, issantz et provenantz de toutz les chasteux, manoirs, seignuries, honures, terres, tenementz, rentes, services, fees, avoesons, hundredes, fraunchises, libertees, et d'autres possessions, sibien de la dite roigne, come des autres persones dessuisditz. Et qe sur ceo soient faitz dessoutz le grauntere seal nostre dit seignur le roi, au dit tresorer, ou soun deputee, et as autres as queux il appartiendra, lettres patentz, et brieves, tiels come en ceo cas serront bosoignables; et qe mesme le tresorer, ou soun deputee, face purvoier pur la sustenance du dite roigne, et les servauntz a elle assignez ou assignerz, honestement, solonc l'advis du conseil suisdit, come par mesme l'act overtement leeu en cest parlement piert pluis pleinement. Et pur taunt qe l'en douterent, si ceux q'en diverses maners furent liez et chargez de paier a dite roigne certeins rentes, fermes, et annuitees, issantz et provenantz des terres, tenementz, et autres possessions, custumes, fee fermes, et autres fermes a ele assignez en doair, ou autrement grantez par nostre dit soverain seignur, ou soun honurable pier, qe Dieu assoille, duissent et puissent estre seurement deschargez envers la dite roigne, de ceo q'ils paierent, et paieront a dit tresorer, ou soun deputee, solonc la fourme del dite ordinance, ou nemy; assentuz est, ordeignez, et declarez en ceo present parlement, a la requeste des communes assemblez en le mesme, qe toutz maners persones, qe au dit vingt et septisme jour de Septembre, ou puis, feurent liez et chargez au dite roigne, ou as autres a soun oeps, en ascunes rentes, annuites, fee fermes, ou autres fermes ou duitees, provenauntz ou issantz des chasteux, manoirs, seignuries, honures, terres, tenementz, rentes, services, fee fermes, custumes, hundredes, franchises, libertees, et d'autres choses, droitures, et possessions qeconqes, assignez au dite roigne en doair, ou autrement a ele grauntez par le roi ou soun dit piere, ou par autres, et dount la garde et receit, sont issint par l'avis du dit conseil, assignez au dit tresorer, ou son deputee, de toutz les sommes de deniers, q'en sont et serront paiez, par les ditz persones a mesme le tresorer, ou soun deputee, par force de mesme l'ordinance, fait en le conseil, serront quitez et deschargez, et chescun de eux serra quit et descharge vers la dite roigne, sez executours, et toutz autres depart eux, toutoutrement; et qe [p. iv-119][col. a] nulle de mesmes les persones, lour heirs, executours, ne terretenauntz, soient ou soit, pur les sommes suisditz, ensi paiez ou appaierz au dit tresorer, ou soun dit deputee, envers la dite roigne, ses executours, ou ascunes autres depart eux, ou nully de eux, chargez ou chargee, ou par eux ascunement empescheez, inquietez, ou grevez, ne empeschee, inquietee, ou grevee, en temps avenir. | 13. The acquittance for those who pay the treasurer of England or his deputy the farms and annuities granted to the queen. Be it remembered that, following information delivered to the king our sovereign lord, both through the account and confession of one brother John Randolph of the order of friars minor, and through other credible evidence, that Joan, queen of England, had plotted and schemed for the death and destruction of our said lord the king in the most evil and terrible manner imaginable - which plot, conspirac y and destruction have been publicly made known throughout the whole realm of England - it is therefore advised, agreed and ordained by the council of our lord the king that, among other things, all the goods and chattels of the said queen, and also all the goods and chattels of Roger Colles of Shrewsbury, and of Peronelle Brocart, formerly in the service of the said queen, who are notoriously suspected of the aforesaid treason, in whosoever's hands they are, which the said queen had, or the said other persons named above had, on 27 September last and afterwards; and also all the issues, rents, farms, arrears of farms, customs, revenues, profits and proceeds issuing and arising from all the castles, manors, lordships, honours, lands, tenements, rents, services, fees, advowsons, hundreds, franchises, liberties and other possessions of any kind which the same queen had and held in dower or otherwise, or the said other persons had, on the aforesaid 27 September; should be received and kept by the treasurer of England or his deputy at the time, who will have the custody of the aforesaid goods and chattels, and also of all the issues, rents, farms, arrears of farms, customs, revenues, profits and proceeds issuing and arising from all the castles, manors, lordships, honours, lands, tenements, rents, services, fees, advowsons, hundreds, franchises, liberties and other possessions belonging both to the said queen and to the aforesaid other persons. And thereupon such letters patent and writs as are necessary in this case should be issued under the great seal of our said lord the king to the said treasurer or his deputy, and to the others whom it may concern; and that the same treasurer or his deputy should have provision made for the said queen's support, and for that of the servants who have been assigned or who are to be assigned to her, honourably, in accordance with the advice of the aforesaid council, as can be seen more fully in the same act, publicly read in this parliament. And because there is some question as to whether those who in various ways were obliged and bound to pay to the said queen certain rents, farms and annuities issuing and arising from the lands, tenements, and other possessions, customs, fee farms and other farms assigned to her in dower, or granted in other ways by our said sovereign lord or his honourable father, whom God absolve, should or could be securely discharged towards the said queen from what they paid or will pay to the said treasurer or his deputy, in accordance with the tenor of the said ordinance, or not; it is agreed, ordained and declared in this present parliament, at the request of the commons assembled in the same, that all manner of persons who on the said 27 September or afterwards were under obligation or bound to the said queen, or to others for her use, in respect of any rents, annuities, fee farms or other farms or dues arising or issuing from the castles, manors, lordships, honours, lands, tenements, rents, services, fee farms, customs, hundreds, franchises, liberties and all other things, rights and possessions whatsoever assigned to the said queen in dower, or granted in other ways to her by the king or his said father or by others, and of which the keeping and receipt are, with the advice of the said council, assigned in this way to the said treasurer or his deputy, should be completely quit and discharged, and each of them should be completely quit and discharged, towards the said queen, her executors, and all others working on her behalf, of all the sums of money which are or will be paid in this respect by the said persons to the same treasurer or his deputy by virtue of the same ordinance issued in the council; and that [p. iv-119][col. a] none of the same persons, or their heirs, executors, or land-tenants, should in future be charged with the aforesaid sums thus paid or to be paid to the said treasurer or his said deputy by the aforesaid queen, her executors, or any others on their behalf, or on behalf of any of them, or in any waymolested, harrassed or obstructed by them. |
| [memb. 3] | |
| Pur Johan Lane, Robert Arnold de Loundres, et autres. | [Petition from John Lane, Robert Arnold of London, and others]. |
| 14. Fait assavoir, qe la commune d'Engleterre present en ceste parlement bailla en le mesme une peticione, pur Johan Brodyng, autrement dit Gedney, citein et draper de Loundres, et autres, dont le tenure cy ensuit: | 14. On behalf of John Lane, Robert Arnold of London, and others. Be it known that the commons of England present in this parlaiment delivered into the same a petition on behalf of John Brodyng, otherwise called Gedney, citizen and draper of London, and others, the tenor of which follows here: |
| Pleise as tressages communes en cest present parlement assemblez considerer, coment Roger Olyver, fitz de Johan Olyver, nadgairs draper de Loundres, et Johan Russell' de Ceston', en le counte de Leycestre, grocersman, autrement dit Johan Russell' sumtyme clerc, convict ove autres lour complices faulxement entreliez, et confederez, machinantz [editorial note: The z seems to have been added afterwards.] la mort, final destruccione, et disheretisone de Johan Lane, Johan Brodyng, autrement dit Gedney, citein et draper de Loundres, Robert Arnold, felmonger, William Burton', Thomas Broun, marchauntz, Thomas Waudesford, mercer, William Olyver, grocer, Johan Sadeler, vynter, et autres al nombre de .xlviij.; et pluis, faulxement, subtilement, et maliciousement, ore tarde en la prisone de Ludgate, deins la cite de Loundres, compasserent, ymaginerent faire, et escrire firent un escripture en une cedule, auxi come un enditement, suppose d'estre pris par serement de .xij. hommes, devaunt Johan Hankeswelle un des coroners de Roy Henry, pier a roy q'orest, en le counte d'Everwyk, sur le viewe del corps Johan Tollerton' et autres, supposez felonissement estre occis; le tenure de quelle escripture, et del matier en ycelle contenuz, en une cedule a < yceste > peticione annexez est compris pluis au plein. Et puis les ditz Roger et Johan, ove les autres de lour covyne, continuantz lour malice suisdite, a lour sinestre suggestione fait en la chauncellarie nostre dit seignur le roi, purchacerent un brief nostre seignur le roy, direct as coroners del counte suisdit, et a chescun de eux, de maunder une enditement suppose estre pris devaunt eux, ou ascun de eux, sur le viewe des corps suisditz, devaunt nostre dit seignur le roy, a les treis semaignes de Pasche darrein passez. Quelle brief ensealez soubz le graunde seal nostre seignur le roy, en sa chauncellarie, les ditz Roger, Johan Russell', et les autres de lour covyne, enfreinderent et overerent, et mesme le brief, en le noune de dit coroner, endoserent, et au dite cedule annexerent, et mesmes les brief et cedule desoubz un seal par eux faulxement ymagine ensealerent, et yceux brief et cedule issint ensealez, auxi come dessoubz le seal le dit coroner, et a soun maundement, pardevaunt nostre dit seignur le roy fistrent d'estre portez; proces illoeqes fait, envers les ditz Johan Lane, Johan Brodynge, et autres, tanqe ils furent en plit d'estre mys en exigende, par la ou nulle tiel enditement unqes fuist pris devaunt le dit coroner, ne il unqes devaunt cel temps avoit noticione ou cognoissance del matier suisdit, si come tant par examinacione de mesme le coroner, fait devaunt le treshonurable prince le duc de Bedford, gardein d'Engleterre, et les seignurs de counselle nostre seignur le roi a Westm', come par le confessione les ditz Rogier, et Johan Russell', fait devaunt le mair de Loundres, et autres commissioners pur oier et terminer diverses treasons et felonies assignez deins la citee de Loundres, pleinement fuist trovez. Et surceo < de supplier a dit > treshonurable prince le gardein d'Engleterre, et as seignurs espirituelx et temporelx en cest present parlement, qe par auctorite de mesme le parlement, l'avauntdite cedule, et la scripture en ycelle contenuz, issint maundez devaunt nostre seignur le roi, come un enditement, tiel come il est en mesme le court au present, ou en la [col. b] ley doit estre adjugge, soit adjugge vein, voide, pur nulle, et de nulle force ou effect. Et qe nulle processe desore isse devaunt nostre dit seignur le roy, envers les ditz Johan Lane, Johan Brodyng, et autres, pur lour faire respondre al matier compris deins la dite cedule, ne qe ils, ou ascun de eux, illoeqes soit mys a respondre a mesme la matier. Et outre d'ordeiner par auctorite de mesme le parlement, qe pur tout tiel caas, soit ordeine pluis especial remedie, et pluis rigorouse punissement, qe la commune ley doune au present; pur Dieu et en oevere de charite. | May it please the most wise commons assembled in this present parliament to consider how Roger Oliver, son of John Oliver, formerly a draper of London, and John Russell of Syston in the county of Leicestershire, a grocer's man (otherwise called John Russell, sometime clerk) were convicted with others, their accomplices, of being illegally allied and in conspiracy, and of plotting the death, complete destruction and disinheritance of John Lane, John Brodyng (otherwise called Gedney), citizen and draper of London, Robert Arnold, fellmonger, William Burton, Thomas Brown, merchants, Thomas Wardesford, mercer, William Oliver, grocer, John Saddler, vintner, and others to the number of forty-eight; and furthermore, recently in the prison of Ludgate, in the city of London, they falsely, deceitfully and maliciously devised, plotted the execution of, and caused to be written a document on a schedule, in the form of an indictment alleged to have been taken on the oath of twelve men, before John Hankeswelle, one of the coroners of King Henry, the father of the present king, in the county of Yorkshire, following the viewing of the bodies of John Tollerton and others, alleged to have been feloniously killed; the tenor of which document, and of the matter contained in it, are more fully set out in a schedule attached to this petition. And then the said Roger and John, with the others, their accomplices, continuing their aforesaid wickedness, through false representation made by them in the chancery of our said lord the king, purchased a writ from our lord the king addressed to the coroners of the aforesaid county, and to each of them, to send an indictment supposed to have been held before them, or any of them, following the viewing of the aforesaid bodies, before our said lord the king within three weeks of Easter last. Which writ - which was sealed under the great seal of our lord the king in his chancery - the said Roger, John Russell, and the others, their accomplices, broke apart and opened, and they endorsed the same writ in the name of the said coroner and attached it to the said schedule, and they sealed the same writ and schedule under a seal falsely devised by them, and they caused that writ and schedule, sealed in this way as if under the seal of the said coroner and at his command, to be brought before our said lord the king; and a process was pursued there against the said John Lane, John Brodyng and others, until they were on the point of being put in exigent; whereas no such indictment was ever held before the said coroner, nor before now was he ever aware or informed of the aforesaid matter, as was clearly revealed both through an examination of the same coroner held before the most honourable prince the duke of Bedford, regent of England, and the lords of the council of our lord the king at Westminster, and through the confession of the said Roger and John Russell made before the mayor of London and other commissioners appointed to hear and determine various treasons and felonies within the city of London. And thereupon to request the said most honourable prince, the regent of England, and the lords spiritual and temporal in this present parliament, that by authority of the same parliament the aforesaid schedule and the document contained in it, sent in this way before our lord the king as an indictment, just as it is in the same court at present oras it should be [col. b] adjudged in law, should be adjudged to be worthless, void, null and of no force or effect. And that no process henceforth should take place before our said lord the king against the said John Lane, John Brodyng and others to make them answer the matter contained in the said schedule; and that neither they nor any of them should then be put to answer to the same matter. And furthermore to ordain by authority of the same parliament that, for all such cases, a more specific remedy and more rigorous punishment than the common law provides at present should be ordained; for God, and by way of charity. |
| La quelle peticione, leeu overtement en ceo mesme parlement devaunt le gardeyn d'Engleterre et les seignurs illoeqes presentz, et bien entendue, fuist mesme la peticione par le dit gardeyn, del assent des ditz seignurs, a la requeste de la dite commune, respondue en la manere ensuant: | When this petition had been read publicly in this same parliament before the regent of England and the lords present there, and fully heard, reply was made to the same petition by the said regent, by the assent of the said lords, at the request of the said commons, in the following manner: |
| Considerez les hautes et horribles fauxites par Roger Olyver, et Johan Russell', nomez en ceste peticione, et lour complices, ymaginez, monstrez, et faitz a Johan Lane, Johan Brodyng, Robert Arnold, William Burton', Thomas Broun, Thomas Wardesford, William Oliver, Johan Sadeler, et autres en la mesme especifiez, par manere come en celle peticione est declarez, et entenduz auxi la proeve de ceo tant par examinacione del coroner nomee en la dite peticione, come par les overtes confessiones des ditz Roger Oliver, et Johan Russell', en mesme la peticione contenuz et supposez; et les queux confessiones monsire William Hankeford, un de les commissioners nomeez en le oier et terminer, quelle en la dite peticione est especifiez, en ceo mesme parlement, devaunt les ditz gardeyn et seignurs tesmoigna pleinement: accordez est et assentuz par le dit gardeyn, de l'assent des ditz seignurs, a la requeste du dite commune en mesme le parlement esteantz, et par l'auctorite d'icelle parlement, la cedule et la scripture en ycelle contenuz, dount la dite peticione fait mencione, issint mandez devaunt le roy come un enditement, tiel come il est en mesme la court au present, ou en la leie doit estre adjugge, soit adjugge vein, voide, pur nulle, et de nulle force ou effect. Et qe nulle proces desore isse devaunt le roy, envers les ditz Johan Lane, Johan Brodyng, et autres, pur lour faire respondre a la matere compris en la dite cedule, ne q'ils, ou ascun de eux, illoeqes soit mys a respondre a mesme la matiere, et ceo par l'auctorite suisdite. | Considering the great and horrible deceptions plotted, perpetrated and committed by Roger Oliver and John Russell, named in this petition, and their accomplices, against John Lane, John Brodyng, Robert Arnold, William Burton, Thomas Brown, Thomas Wardesford, William Oliver, John Saddler and others specified in the same, in the manner that is described in this petition; and hearing also the proof of this both through the examination of the coroner named in the said petition and through the public confessions of the said Roger Oliver and John Russell, alleged and mentioned in the same petition - which confessions have been fully attested in this same parliament before the said regent and lords by Sir William Hankford, one of the commissioners named in the commission of oyer and terminer which is mentioned in the said petition - it is decided and agreed by the said regent, by the assent of the said lords, at the request of the said commons present in the same parliament, and by authority of that parliament, that the schedule and the document contained in it mentioned by the said petition and sent before the king in this way as an indictment, just as it is in the same court at present, or as it should be adjudged in law, should be adjudged to be worthless, void, null and of no force or effect. And that henceforth no process should be brought before the king against the said John Lane, John Brodyng and others to make them answer the matter specified in the said schedule; and that neither they nor any of them should be brought to answer there to the same matter; and that this should be done by the aforesaid authority. |
| Pur Johan Lebard de Thrapeston'. | [Petition from John Lebarde of Thrapston]. |
| 15. Item fait < assavoir, qe > la dite commune bailla en le dit parlement une autre peticione, pur un Johan Lebarde de Thrapeston' en le counte de Norhampton', de quelle peticione le tenure cy ensuit: | 15. On behalf of John Lebarde of Thrapston. Also, be it known that the said commons delivered into the said parliament another petition on behalf of one John Lebarde of Thrapston in the county of Northamptonshire, the tenor of which petition follows here: |
| Pleise a tressages communes a cest present parlement assemblez, d'entendre et considerer, coment Roger, fitz Johan Olyver, nadgairs draper de Loundres, et Johan Russell' de Ceston', en le counte de Leyc', grocerman, fauxement entreliez, et confedereez, machinantz la mort, et la disheritance Johan Lebarde de Thrapeston', en le counte de Norht', et des autres; sutielment et maliciousement, ore tarde en la ville de Westm', en le counte de Midd, le tierce jour de Septempbre, l'an primer nostre seignur le roi q'orest, fesoient escrivre une cedule, auxi come un enditement suppose d'estre pris par serement de .xij. hommes a Schraweley, devaunt William Specheley, un des coroners < du Roy Henry, pier nostre > dit seignur le roy, en le counte de Worcestre, sur le viewe del corps Waulter Crosse, supposez felonousement estre occis; la tenure de quelle escripture, et del matier en ycelle contenuz, en une cedule a yceste peticione annexe est compris pluis au plein. Et puis les ditz Roger, et Johan Russell', continuantz lour malices suisditz, et par lour sugestione faitez en la chauncellarie nostre dit seignur le roi, purchaceront un brief nostre seignur le roy, direct as coroners del counte de Worcestre, pur maunder un enditement, supposez estre pris devaunt eux, sur le viewe del corps du dit Walter Crosse, devaunt nostre dit [p. iv-120][col. a] seignur le roy en la chauncellarie. Quelle brief ensealez soubz le graunde seal nostre seignur le roi, les ditz Roger, et Johan Russell', enfrenderent et overerent, et mesme le brief, en le noune de William Specheley un des coroners nostre dit seignur le roi en le dit counte de Worcestre, endoserent, < et la dite cedule > annexerent a mesme le brief, et mesmes les brief et cedule desoubz un seal, par eux fauxement countrefait et ymaginee ensealerent. Et ceux brief et cedule issint ensealez, auxi come desoutz le seal le dit coroner, fesoient estre portez en la dit chauncellarie nostre dit seignur le roi, et d'illoeqes en le bank nostre dit seignur le roi, et illoeqes la processe fuist fait envers le dit Johan Lebarde, tanqe il fuist utlage, come appiert en deux cedules < au dite > bille annexez. Et sur ceo le dit Johan Lebarde fuist pris par un capias utlagatum, et toutz sez terres < et > tenementz, biens et chateux seisez, come forfaitz a nostre dit seignur le roy; la quelle matier, et les ditz circumstances d'icelles, feurent overtement conuz et confessez par les ditz Roger, et Johan Russell', devaunt monsire William Hankeford, chief justice nostre dit seignur le roy, et le mair de Loundres, et autres commissioners assignez pur oier et terminer diverses treasons et felonies deins le dite cite de Loundres. Et sur ceo, de supplier a le < treshonurable prince > le duc de Bed', gardein d'Engleterre, et as seignurs espirituelx et temporelx en cest present parlement, qe par autorite de mesme le parlement, les avauntditz cedule et scripture en ycelle contenuz, issint maundez devaunt nostre dit seignur le roi come [col. b] un enditement, et les proces et le utlagarie sur ceo faitz, d'estre adjuggez voides, et pur nulle force ou effect tenuz. Et de grauntier et ordeiner a dit Johan Lebarde covenable remedie, de les meschiefs et < faucite > avauntditz; pur Dieu et en oevere de charite. | May it please the most wise commons assembled in this present parliament to hear and consider how Roger, son of John Oliver, formerly a draper of London, and John Russell of Syston in the county of Leicestershire, a grocer's man, were illegally allied and in conspiracy, plotting the death and the disinheritance of John Lebarde of Thrapston in the county of Northamptonshire and of others; and recently, cunningly and maliciously, in the town of Westminster in the county of Middlesex, on 3 September in the first year of the reign of our lord the present king, they caused a schedule to be written in the form of an indictment alleged to have been taken on the oath of twelve men at Shrawley, before William Specheley, one of the coroners of King Henry, the father of our said lord the king, in the county of Worcestershire, following the viewing of the body of Walter Crosse, alleged to have been feloniously killed; the tenor of which document and of the matter contained in it is more fully set out in a schedule attached to this petition. And then the said Roger and John Russell, continuing their aforesaid wickedness, and through representation made by them in the chancery of our said lord the king, purchased a writ from our lord the king addressed to the coroners of the county of Worcestershire to send an indictment, supposed to have been held before them following the viewing of the body of the said Walter Crosse, before our said [p. iv-120][col. a] lord the king in chancery. Which writ, which was sealed under the great seal of our lord the king, the said Roger and John Russell broke apart and opened, and they endorsed the same writ in the name of William Specheley, one of the coroners of our said lord the king in the said county of Worcestershire, and they attached the said schedule to the same writ, and they sealed the same writ and schedule under a seal falsely counterfeited and devised by them. And this writ and schedule, sealed in this way as if under the seal of the said coroner, they caused to be brought to the said chancery of our said lord the king, and from there to the bench of our said lord the king, and there the process was pursued against the said John Lebarde until he was outlawed, as appears in two schedules attached to the said bill. And thereupon the said John Lebarde was taken by a capias utlagatum, and all his lands and tenements, goods and chattels seized as forfeit to our said lord the king - which matter and its said adjuncts were publicly acknowledged and confessed by the said Roger and John Russell before Sir William Hankford, chief justice of our said lord the king, and the mayor of London, and other commissioners appointed to hear and determine various treasons and felonies within the said city of London. And thereupon to request the most honourable prince, the duke of Bedford, regent of England, and the lords spiritual and temporal in this present parliament, that by authority of the same parliament the aforesaid schedule and the document contained in it sent in this way before our said lord the king as [col. b] an indictment, and the process and the outlawry pronounced as a result of it, should be adjudged void and considered to have no force or effect. And to grant and ordain for the said John Lebarde a suitable remedy for the aforesaid misfortunes and deceitfulness; for God, and by way of charity. |
| La quelle < peticione > leeu en ceste parlement, devant le dit gardein et les seignurs avantditz, et la matere d'icelle par eux bien entendue, fuit respondue a la mesme en la fourme q'ensuite: | When this petition had been read in this parliament before the said regent and the aforesaid lords, and its substance fully heard by them, reply was made to the same in the following form: |
| Soit le coroner nomee en ceste peticione, s'il soit en vie, fait vener devaunt le conseille < de > roy, ou devaunt autres persones ou persone a ceo par le dit conseille a assignerz, pur estre examinez sur la matiere contenue en la dite peticione touchant soun office; et si trove soit par tiel examinacione, qe Johan Lebarde, en la dite peticione nome, ne fuist my enditee devaunt le dit coroner come est supposee par la dite peticione, qe adonqes, par auctorite de cest parlement, la cedule issint retournez en le banc du roy come un enditement, et le proces et l'utlagarie sur ycelle fait et pronunciee, envers le dit Johan Lebarde, des queux la dite peticione fait mencione, soient adnullez, et voides, et pur nulles tenuz; et qe sur ceo le dit Johan Lebarde soit auxi hablez et restorez a la leie, et q'il, ou ses heirs ou executours, eit ou eient, restitucione et livere, de toutz les terres, tenementz, biens, et chateux mesme celuy Johan Lebarde, non obstant le proces et l'utlagarie suisditz; et ceo par l'auctorite avantdite. | Let the coroner named in this petition, if he is still alive, be summoned before the king's council or before any other person or persons to be appointed by the said council for this, to be examined on the matter contained in the said petition which concerns his office; and if it should be found by any such examination that John Lebarde, named in the said petition, was not indicted before the said coroner, as is alleged by the said petition, then, by authority of this parliament, the schedule returned in this way to the King's Bench as an indictment, and the process and outlawry pursued and pronounced on it against the said John Lebarde mentioned by the said petition, should be annulled and made void, and held to be null; and thereupon the said John Lebarde should also be enabled and restored to the law, and he, or his heirs and executors, should have restitution and delivery of all the lands, tenements, goods and chattels of that same John Lebarde, notwithstanding the aforesaid process and outlawry; and this should be done by the aforesaid authority. |
| [memb. 2] | |
| PETICIONES COMMUNITATIS. | [THE COMMON PETITIONS]. |
| A TRESGRACIOUS ET PUISSAUNT PRINCE LE DUC DE BED', GARDEIN D'ENGLETERRE, SUPPLIONT LES POEVERS COMMUNES DU ROIALME D'ENGLETERRE, QE PLEISE A VOSTRE TRESGRACIOUSE SEIGNURIE, PAR ASSENT DES SEIGNURS ESPIRITUELX ET TEMPORELX EN CEST PRESENT PARLEMENT, EN SUPPORTACIONE DES DITZ COMMUNES, GRANTIER LES PETICIONS Q'ENSUENT. | THE PETITIONS OF THE COMMONS: TO THE MOST GRACIOUS AND MIGHTY PRINCE THE DUKE OF BEDFORD, REGENT OF ENGLAND, THE POOR COMMONS OF THE REALM OF ENGLAND REQUEST THAT IT MIGHT PLEASE YOUR MOST GRACIOUS LORDSHIP, BY THE ASSENT OF THE LORDS SPIRITUAL AND TEMPORAL IN THIS PRESENT PARLIAMENT, FOR THE SUPPORT OF THE SAID COMMONS, TO GRANT THE FOLLOWING PETITIONS. |
| [col. a] | |
| I. < Pur fraunchises et liberties. > | I. [Franchises and liberties]. |
| 16. Primerement, qe seinte esglise eit toutz ses libertees et fraunchises, et qe toutz les seignurs espirituelx et temporelx, et les autres lieges du roy, eiantz libertees et fraunchises, et toutz les citees et burghs, eient et enjoient toutz lour libertees et fraunchises, queux ils ount del graunte de les progenitours nostre seignur le roy, et de soun graunte demesne, ou confermement. | 16. I. Concerning franchises and liberties. Firstly, that holy church should have all its liberties and franchises, and that all the lords spiritual and temporal and the other lieges of the king who have liberties and franchises, and all the cities and boroughs, should have and enjoy all their liberties and franchises which they have by the grant of the progenitors of our lord the king or by his own grant or confirmation. |
| [editorial note: Responsio.] | [editorial note: Answer.] |
| Eient ils et enjoient lour libertees et fraunchises par eux bien usez et nient repellez, ne par la commune ley repellables. | Let them have and enjoy their liberties and franchises properly exercised by them and not repealed, nor able to be repealed by the common law. |
| II. < Pur conspiracye et false inditement. > | II. [Concerning conspiracy and false indictment]. |
| 17. Item priont les communes, qe come plusours gentz, par malice, enmyte, et vengeaunce, et pur covetise, facent sovent foitz les foialx lieges nostre seignur le roy estre appellez ou enditez en le counte de Lancastre, des tresons ou des felonies, supposantz par les ditz appelles ou enditementz, qe les ditz tresons ou felonies furent faitz a un certein lieu, la ou il n'ad tiel lieu en mesme le counte ou l'appelle ou enditement est fait. | 17. II. Concerning conspiracy and false indictment. Also, the commons pray that, whereas many people, through malice, enmity and vengeance, and for greed, often have the faithful lieges of our lord the king appealed or indicted in the county of Lancaster for treasons or felonies, alleging in the said appeals or indictments that the said treasons or felonies were committed at a certain place, whereas there is no such place in the same county where the appeal or indictment is made. |
| Qe chescun justice q'ad poair d'oier et terminer les ditz tresons et felonies deins le dit counte, enquerge d'office par le serement de .xij. hommes, des queux < chescun > eit franc tenement en mesme le counte, a la value de cent [col. b] soulds par an, outre les reprises, devaunt ceo qe l'exigende soit agarde, saunz alleggeaunce du partie, sibien en absence du partie come en presence, s'il ad ascun tiel lieu deins le dit counte, ou les ditz appelles ou enditementes sont ou serront faitz; et si soit trove q'il n'ad tiel lieu deins le dit counte, qe adonqes les ditz appelles ou enditementes, et le processe ent fait ou affaire, soient voidez et tenuz pur nulles. Considereetz qe ascunes des tielx appellez ou enditez, ne oisent appairer devaunt les ditz justices en propre persone, pur respondre a ycelle, pur doute d'estre batuz, maheymez, ou tuez, par lour conspiratours, procurours, ou enditours des ditz appelles ou enditements. Et qe en tiel cas, les ditz enditours soient puniz par emprisonement, fyne, et raunsone, solonc la discrecione des ditz justices; et qe ceste ordeignaunce et remedie soy extendent, auxibien des appelles et enditements nient determinez prisez devaunt ces heures, come des appelles et enditements apprendrez en temps a venir; et qe si ascun exigende desore enavaunt soit agarde devaunt tiel enquest d'office, pris come devaunt est dit, qe mesme l'exigende et l'agarde d'icelle, soient voidez et tenuz pur nulles; et qe ceste ordeignaunce soy extende jesqes al proschein parlement. | Each justice who has the power to hear and determine the said treasons and felonies in the said county should inquire through an office by the oath of twelve men, of whom each one should have a freehold in the same county to the value of 100s. [col. b] per annum net, before the exigent is awarded, without any allegation by the party, either in the absence of the party or in his presence, if there is any such place in the said county where the said appeals or indictments are or will be made; and if it is found that there is no such place in the said county, then the said appeals or indictments and the process pursued or to be pursued on them should be void and considered to be null. Considering that some of the people appealed or indicted in this way do not dare to appear before the said justices in their own person to answer the charges, for fear of being assaulted, wounded or killed by the conspirators, procurors and indictors who have brought the said appeals or indictments. And in any such case the said indictors should be punished by imprisonment, fine and redemption at the discretion of the said justices; and this ordinance and remedy should extend both to appeals and indictments which have been heard before now but which have not yet been decided, and to appeals and indictments which may be heard in future; and if any exigent should henceforth be awarded before such an inquest of office is held as has been described above, then the same exigent and the awarding of it should be void and held to be null; and this ordinance should last until the next parliament is held. |
| [editorial note: Responsio.] | [editorial note: Answer.] |
| Soit il come est desiree par la peticione. (fn. iv-116-75a-1) | Let it be as requested in the petition. (fn. iv-116-75a-1) |
| [p. iv-121] | |
| [col. a] | |
| III. < Pur coparceneres. > | III. < [Concerning coparceners of lands]. > |
| 18. Item suppliont les communes, considerantz les graundes meschiefs et verrasemblable disheritesone qe avient de jour en autre, de ceo qe l'ou terres, tenementz, ou heritage descendent a deux parceners, ou plusours, males ou females, ascunes de eux, pur oustier lour coparceners de la profit prendre de lour part des ditz terres, tenementz, ou heritage a eux descenduz, fount alienacione et feoffement de ceo qe a eux ent affiert, et ascun foitz en mesme le manere les barons des ascunes des tielx parceners females, fount alienacione de ceo qe a eux et a lour femmes affiert des tieux terres, tenementz, ou heritage, a lour femmes et lour coparceners descenduz, as diverses persones meintfoitz disconuz a lour coparceners, apres tieux alienacions ent preignont les profitz, et occupient et maynorent l'entiertee des ditz terres, tenementz, et heritage; et les terres, prees, et pastures des tieux heritages surchargent, ove tauntz des averes, parount ceux qe furent lour coparceners, a poy ou ascun profit purront avoir et prendre de lour ditz heritages, a cause qe nulle accione, ne brief de particione facienda, ad este use d'estre graunte en tiel cas, pur faire particione apres tielx feoffement ou alienacione faitz, en graunde meschief et vraisemblable disheritesone des plusours tieux coparceners. | 18. Also, the commons pray that, considering the great wrongs and probable disinheritance which come about from day to day from the fact that when lands, tenements or inheritances descend to two parceners or more, male or female, some of them, to prevent their coparceners from taking the profit from their part of the said lands, tenements or inheritances which have descended to them, make an alienation and feoffment of what pertains to them; and sometimes the husbands of some of these female parceners make alienations in the same way of what pertains to them and to their wives of such lands, tenements or inheritances which have descended to their wives and to their coparceners, to various persons often unknown to their coparceners; yet still, following such alienations, they take the profits and occupy and cultivate the whole of the said lands, tenements and inheritances, and overstock the lands, meadows and pastures of these inheritances with so many animals that those who were their coparceners can have and take little or no profit from their said inheritances, because it has not been the custom to grant any action, or writ de partitione facienda, in any such case, to make a partition after any such feoffment or alienation has been made; to the great injury and probable disinheritance of many such coparceners. |
| Que pleise a vostre tresgracious seignurie, de l'assent des seignurs espirituelx et temporelx en cest present parlement, de faire ordiner et establier, qe nientcontresteant tielx alienacions ou feoffementz faitz, par ascunes des tielx parceners, ou par ascun barone d'ascune de tielx parceners femals, qe brief de particione facienda, et accione par ycelle, de ceste jour enavaunt gisent, et soient par la ley d'Engleterre mayntenables, et grauntez et effectuelx en ley, pur les autres parceners, qe ne facent alienacione ne feoffement de lour part des tielx terres, tenementz, ou heritages, ensy come est dit descenduz, envers lour parceners, qe facent ou ount faitz tielx alienacions de tielx terres, tenementz, ou heritages, et auxint envers les barons des parceners femals, qe facent ou ount faitz, come avaunt est dit, tielx alienacions, et lour femmes; affaire particione des tieux terres, tenementz, et heritages, come devaunt est dit descenduz, parissint qe ceux ou celuy qe facent ou face, ou ount faitz, tielx alienacione ou feoffement de lour part, come avaunt est dit, ent en apres preignont les profitz; et qe la particione ensy par tiel brief et accione a suer faitz ou affair soit bone et effectuel en ley. Et qe cest establissement et ordeignaunce se extende, sibien as alienacions faitz devaunt celle temps des terres, tenementz, et heritages, descenduz devaunt celle temps, come as alienacions affaires enapres des tieux terres, tenementz, et heritages a descendrez; et outre q'en mesme le manere enapres le dit brief de particione facienda foundu sur le cas, et accion a user par ycelle, soient maintenablez et grauntables, et grauntez et effectuelx en ley, et gisent parentre tenauntz en commune, et par indevise, de tieux terres, tenementz, ou heritage, affaire ent particione parentre eux, et la particione ensy affaire parentre les ditz tenauntz effectuel en ley, la ou les ditz tenauntz clayment, ou sont eyns en tieux terres, tenementz, ou heritage, de l'estate des tielx parceners. Considerantz qe ceux qe sont eins del estate parcenere, n'ount pluis droit a tenir tielx terres, tenementz, ou heritage, nient departiez, qe les ditz parceners, queux estate tielx persones ount en ycelles. | May it please your most gracious lordship, by the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal in this present parliament, to have it ordained and established that, notwithstanding any such alienations or feoffments which have been made by such parceners or by any husband of any such female parcener, a writ de partitione facienda, and an action through it, should from this day on exist and be actionable by the law of England, and be granted and effective in law for the other parceners who do not make alienations or feoffments of their part of such lands, tenements or inheritances which have descended, as has been said, against their parceners who make or have made such alienations of these lands, tenements or inheritances; and also against the husbands of female parceners who make or have made such alienations, as is said above, and their wives; to make partition of such lands, tenements and inheritances which have descended as is said above, so that the person or persons who make, or has or have made, any such alienation or feoffment of his or their part, as is said above, should afterwards take the profits from it; and that the partition which is thus made or to be made through the suing of such a writ or action should be good and effective in law. And that this provision and ordinance should extend both to alienations made previously of lands, tenements and inheritances which have previously descended, and to alienations to be made henceforth of any such lands, tenements and inheritances which may descend in this way; and furthermore that henceforth the said writ de partitione facienda founded on the case, and the action to be used through it, should be maintainable and grantable, and granted and effectual in law in the same manner, and should exist between tenants in common and joint tenants of such lands, tenements or inheritances, to make a partition of them between them; and that the partition to be made in this way between the said tenants should be effective in law where the said tenants claim, or are already in possession of, such lands, tenements or inheritances from the estate of such parceners. Considering that those who are already in a parcenary estate have no more right to hold such lands, tenements or inheritances which have not been partitioned, than the said parceners, whatever estate such persons have in them. |
| [editorial note: Responsio.] | [editorial note: Answer.] |
| Soit la commune leie tenu et gardee. | Let the common law be kept and observed. |
| IIII. < Pur la salerye dez chapleins. > | IIII. [Concerning the salaries of chaplains]. |
| 19. Item priont les communes, qe come ordeine soit et establie, en un estatut fait l'an du regne nostre tressoverain seignur le roi q'orest seconde, qe nulle chapellein annueler dedeins le roialme preigne desore enavaunt pluis pur lour entier salarie par l'an, c'estassavoir pur sez table, vesture, et autres necessaries, qe sept marz; ne les chapelleins parochielx, qe sont ou serront retenuz a servir [col. b] cures, preignent delors enavaunt pur lour entier salarie annuel, c'estassavoir pur les choses avauntditz, si noun oept marcz, s'il ne soit par licence del ordenaries, issint qe la somme entier licencie par l'ordenair ne passe noef marcz. (fn. iv-116-85-1) Nientmains, < sibien les chapellains > parochielx, come autres, eiantz nulle regarde as mesmes les estatutz, a cause qe nulle peyne ne punissement est ordeine vers yceux chapellains par mesme l'estatut, ne voillent autrement servir, sinoun ascunes pur dys livers, ascunes pur dousze marcz, et a meyns pur dys marz; encontempt nostre dit seignur le roy, et encountre la fourme et l'entent de l'estatut avauntdit, au graunde meschief de ceux qe de necessite eux covynt retenir. | 19. IIII. Concerning the salaries of chaplains. Also, the commons pray that, whereas it is ordained and established in a statute made in the second year of the reign of our most sovereign lord the present king that no annual chaplain in the realm should henceforth take for his entire annual salary - that is, for his table, clothing and other necessities - more than seven marks; nor should parochial chaplains, who are or will be retained to have [col. b] the cure of souls, henceforth take for their entire annual salary - that is, for the aforesaid things - more than eight marks, except with the permission of the ordinary; on condition that the whole sum permitted by the ordinary does not exceed nine marks. (fn. iv-116-85-1) Nevertheless, both parochial chaplains and others pay no attention to the same statutes, because no penalty or punishment is imposed on those chaplains by the same statute, and sometimes they refuse to serve for less than £10, sometimes twelve marks or ten marks at least; in contempt of our said lord the king, and contrary to the form and intention of the aforesaid statute, to the great injury of those who are obliged of necessity to retain them. |
| Que pleise a vostre tresgracious seignurie, par advys et assent des seignurs espirituelx et temporelx, ordeiner et establier en cest present parlement, qe les ditz chapellains, qi preignent outre ceo q'est contenu en le dit estatut, paient au roi la double de ceo q'ils preignent d'excesse; et qe les justice de la pees eient poair, en lour sessions, d'enquerrer, oier, et terminer, de temps en temps, de tielx chapellains tiel excesse preignauntz. | May it please your most gracious lordship, by the advice and assent of the lords spiritual and temporal, to ordain and establish in this present parliament that the said chaplains who take more than what is specified in the said statute should pay the king double the excess payment which they have taken; and that the justices of the peace should have power in their sessions to inquire into, hear, and determine, from time to time, the matter of those chaplains who take such excess payment. |
| [editorial note: Responsio.] | [editorial note: Answer.] |
| Soient les estatutz faitz devaunt ces heures gardez. | Let the statutes made before now be kept. |
| V. < Pur forger de faux chartres. > | V. [Concerning forgery of charters]. |
| 20. Item priont les communes, qe autiel processe soit ordeigne en briefs < a purchacers > vers ceux qe fount ou forgent faux chartres ou munimentz, et les proclayment, et fount lire, par capias et exigende, come en briefs de trespasse. | 20. V. Concerning the forgery of false charters. Also, the commons pray that a similar process, through capias and exigent, should be ordained in writs to be purchased against those who forge or draw up false charters or documents, and proclaim them and have them read, as in writs of trespass. |
| [memb. 1] | |
| [editorial note: Responsio.] | [editorial note: Answer.] |
| Soit il come est desiree par la peticione. (fn. iv-116-95-1) | Let it be as requested in the petition. (fn. iv-116-95-1) |
| VI. < Pur reconyzances. > | VI. [Concerning recognizances]. |
| 21. Item priont les communes, qe si ascun soit tenuz par reconisaunce devaunt le chaunceller d'Engleterre, ou devaunt ascun justice du roy, q'ad poair de prendre reconisaunce, de comparer a certein jour pur trover suretee de peax, a quelle jour il face defaute par encrecement de ewe, emprisonement, infirmite, ou comaundement du roy, ou soun lieutenaunt, gardein d'Engleterre, et unqore plusours sont en graunde awerestee, si la partie en brief de scire facias, ou brief de dette, foundu sur mesme la reconusaunce, purra saver sa defaute, pur ascune des causes avauntditz, ou nemy. | 21. VI. Concerning recognizances. Also, the commons pray that, whereas if anyone is bound by a recognizance before the chancellor of England, or before any justice of the king's who has the power to take a recognizance, to appear on a certain day to provide a surety to keep the peace, and on that day defaults as a result of flood, imprisonment, infirmity, or the command of the king, or of his lieutenant the regent of England; many are still in great doubt as to whether the party in a writ of scire facias or a writ of debt founded on the same recognizance can save his default for any of the aforesaid causes, or not. |
| Que pleise a vostre tresgracious seignurie, par advys et assent de toutz les seignurs espirituelx et temporelx en cest present parlement assemblez, d'ordeiner, par auctorite de mesme le parlement, q'ils < qe sont > obligez en tiels reconisaunces, et al jour q'ils ount en [editorial note: A letter appears to have been erased at the end of this word.] court le roi a comparer facent defaute, par ascun des causes avauntditz, et ceo allegge par le partie, a ascun jour q'il ad en court par brief de scire facias, ou de dette, et ceo duement trie, solonc ceo qe la ley demaunde, q'adonqesle roi n'avera nulle avauntage pur tieux defautes. Et qe cest estatut poet exteindre en toutz tielx reconisaunces nient ajuggez ne determinez, auxibien pur temps passe, come pur temps avenir. | May it please your most gracious lordship, by the advice and assent of all the lords spiritual and temporal assembled in this present parliament, to ordain, by authority of the same parliament, that those who are bound by such recognizances and, on the day when they are to appear in the king's court, default for any of the aforesaid reasons, and this is alleged by the party on any day when he is in court, through a writ of scire facias or of debt, and duly tried in accordance with the demands of the law, then the king will have no advantage through such defaults. And this statute should cover all such recognizances which have not been adjudged or determined, both past and future. |
| [editorial note: Responsio.] | [editorial note: Answer.] |
| Soit la commune leye gardee. | Let the common law be kept. |
| VII. < Pur parkes et connygers. > | VII. [Concerning parks and rabbit-warrens]. |
| 22. Item priount les communes, qe come il soit contenu en un estatut fait en temps le Roi Richard, nadgairs roy d'Engleterre, l'an de soun regne treszisme, qe diverses artificers, [laborers] , servantz, et garcions, teignent leverers et autres chiens, et es jours de festes qaunt bones Cristiens sont as esglises oiantz divine service, vount chacer en parkes, garennes, et conyngers, des seignurs et autres, a tresgraunde destruccione d'icelles, et a la foitz soubz tiel colour fount lour assemblees, < et > entreparlaunces, et conspiracies, pur lever et disobeier a lour ligeaunce; ordeignez fuist et assentuz, qe nulle manere artificer, ne laborer, ou nulle autre lay homme, qe n'ad terres et tenementz a la value de xl s. par an, ne null prestre n'autre clerc, s'il ne soit avaunce a la value de xli. par an, n'eit ne teigne desore enavaunt nulle [p. iv-122][col. a] levorer, ne liesce, [n'autre chien] , pur chacer; ne use ferettes, haies, retes, harepipes, ne cordes, ne nulles autres engynes, pur prendre ou destruyer savagynes, levors, ou conyls, [n'autres dedute] des gentils, sur peyne d'enprisonement d'un an; et qe les justices du pees eient poair d'enquerrer et enquergent de les trespassours [en celle] partie, et les punissent par la peyne suisdit. (fn. iv-116-105-1) Et nientobstant le dit estatut, sibien artificers, laborers, servauntz, et chapelleins, teignent leverers, liesces, et autres [cheins] , et engynes, et vount chaceantz, sovent foitz quaunt ils devoient attendre as divines services, pur prendre et destruer levoirs, conyls, et autre [savagine, des] seignurs et autres gentils, a cause qe les ditz trespassours n'ount autre peyne, mes sovent foitz sont resceuz < a faire > leger fyne pur lour dit trespas. | 22. VII. Concerning parks and rabbit-warrens. Also, the commons pray that, whereas it is said in a statute made in the time of King Richard, formerly king of England, in the thirteenth year of his reign, that various craftsmen, labourers, servants and grooms keep greyhounds and other dogs, and on feast days, when good Christians are in church hearing divine service, they go hunting in parks, warrens and rabbit-warrens belonging to lords and others, to their very great destruction; and at times, under pretext of this, they hold their assemblies and gatherings and conspiracies, to rise up and disobey their allegiance; and it was ordained and agreed that no craftsman or labourer of any kind, or any other layman who does not have lands and tenements to the value of 40s. per annum, or any priest or other clerk if he is not promoted to the value of £10 per annum, should henceforth have or own any [p. iv-122][col. a] greyhound, female hound, or other dog for hunting; nor should he use ferrets, enclosures, nets, snares or ropes, or any other device to catch or kill game, hares or rabbits, or other creatures which are the quarry of gentlemen, on pain of imprisonment for a year; and the justices of the peace should have power to enquire into, and should enquire into, trespassers against this, and should punish them with the aforesaid penalty. (fn. iv-116-105-1) Yet, notwithstanding the said statute, craftsmen, labourers, servants and chaplains keep greyhounds, female hounds and other dogs, and snares, and they often go hunting when they should be attending divine service, catching and killing hares, rabbits and other game belonging to lords and other gentlemen, because the said trespassers do not incur any other penalty but are often made to pay only a small fine for their said trespass. |
| Que pleise a vostre tresgracious seignurie, de l'assent des seignurs espirituelx et temporelx en cest present parlement, de confermer le dit estatut. Ajoustant a ycelle, qe celuy qe face encountre la fourme du dit estatut, encourge devers le roy, a chescun foitz q'il soit atteint, cynk marcz; et qe chescun qe voet suer pur le roi yceste partie, eit la suyte et la moite des ditz cynk marcz; et qe les justices du pees en chescun counte aient poair de trier les trespasses suisditz devaunt eux, par bille, a suyte de chescun qe voet suer pur le roy en ceste partie. | May it please your most gracious lordship, by the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal in this present parliament, to confirm the said statute. Adding to it, that any person who acts contrary to the form of the said statute should pay to the king, each time he is convicted, five marks; and that any person who wishes to sue for the king in this matter should have his suit and half of the said five marks; and that the justices of the peace in each county should have power to try the aforesaid trespasses before them by bill at the suit of any person who wishes to sue for the king in this matter. |
| [editorial note: Responsio.] | [editorial note: Answer.] |
| Soient les estatutz avaunt ces heures faitz tenuz et gardez. | Let the statutes previously made be kept and observed. |
| VIII. < Pur prisell dez annuytes. > | VIII. [Concerning the taking of annuities]. |
| 23. Item suppliont les communes, qe come nostre seignur le roi q'orest, et ascunes de sez nobles progenitours, par lour lettres patentz, ount grauntez as diverses de lour lieges, qe ount fait bone et greable service a eux, certains annuitees aprendre annuelment, de certaignes seignuries, manoirs, terres, et tenementz, sibien des priories aliens, come des autres possessions aliens, et auxi des subside et aunage, par les mayns des fermours, tenauntz, ou autres occupiours ou resceivours, bailliefs, ou lour ministres, eux et en ycelles illoeqes pur le temps [col. b] esteantz, et occupiantz; et puis nostre dit soverain seignur le roi, et sez ditz progenitours, par lour autres lettres patentes, severalment ount comys leys avauntditz seignuries, manoirs, terres, et tenementz, possessions, subsidie, et aunage, ove toutz lour droitz et appurtenauntz queconqes, ascun foitz as diverses autres persones soulement, et ascune foitz a ceux as queux [les ditz] annuitees come dit est furent grauntez, et as autres, rendant ent annuelment une certaine ferme; les queux annuitees les suisditz fermours bien et loialment ount paiez a ceux as queux mesmes annnitees feurent grauntez; et ceo non obstant, les barons de l'escheqer nostre dit seignur le roi ne voillent faire allouance a les avauntditz fermours, en lour ditz fermes, de [ses] annuitees suisditz, par briefs de liberate et allocate a eux en ceste partie directz, par cause d'une clause compris en les lettres patentz des ditz fermers: c'estassavoir - supportauntz toutz les charges [as] ditz seignuries, manoirs, terres, et tenementz, possessions, subsidie, et aunage appurtenauntz - a final destruccione et anientisement de plusours des ditz lieges nostre seignur le roy, fermers come desuis est dit, si remedie ne soit ordeigne en cest partie. | 23. VIII. Concerning the taking of annuities. Also, the commons pray that, whereas our lord the present king and some of his noble progenitors, by their letters patent, granted to various of their lieges who have served them well and pleasingly certain annuities to be received annually from certain lordships, manors, lands and tenements, either from alien priories or other alien possessions, or from the subsidy and alnage, from the hands of the farmers, tenants, or other occupiers or receivers, bailiffs, or their ministers occupying them and holding them [col. b] at the time; subsequently, however, our said sovereign lord the king and his said progenitors, through other letters patent of theirs, individually entrusted the aforesaid lordships, manors, lands, and tenements, possessions, subsidy, and alnage, with all their rights and appurtenances of any kind, sometimes to various other people alone, and sometimes to those to whom the said annuities were granted, as has been said, together with others, paying annually a certain farm for them; which annuities the aforesaid farmers have paid well and loyally to those to whom the same annuities were granted; yet notwithstanding this the barons of the exchequer of our said lord the king refuse to make an allowance to the aforesaid farmers in their said farms for their aforesaid annuities through writs of liberate et allocate addressed to them on this matter, because of a clause included in the letters patent of the said farmers: namely, 'bearing all the costs pertaining to the said lordships, manors, lands, and tenements, possessions, subsidy, and alnage'; to the complete destruction and ruin of many of the said lieges of our lord the king who, as has been said above, are farmers, unless a remedy is ordained in this matter. |
| Que pleise a vostre tresgracious seignurie, de l'assent des seignurs espirituelx et temporelx [en] cest present parlement, de ordeigner et establier, par auctorite de mesme le parlement, suffisant et covenable remedie as fermours suisditz, touchant ceste [matere] , a fyn qe eux eient sufficiant allouance de toutz annuitees avauntditz en lour ditz fermes, sibien pur temps passe, come pur temps aveigner; l'avauntdite clause de supporter toutz les charges as ditz seignuries, manoirs, terres, ou tenementz, possessions, subsidie, et aunage appurtenauntz, en les suisditz lettres patentz des fermes contenuz, et auxint ceo qe ceux as queux les ditz annuitees feurent grauntiez, soient fermours en les ditz lettres patentes nomez, ou ascune autre chose ou matere, en les ditz lettres patentes de fermes specefiez ou conteignez, non obstauntz. | May it please your most gracious lordship, by the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal in this present parliament, to ordain and establish, by authority of the same parliament, an adequate and suitable remedy for the aforesaid farmers on this matter, so that they may have sufficient allowance for all the aforesaid annuities out of their said farms, both for the past and for the future; notwithstanding the aforesaid clause about bearing all the costs pertaining to the said lordships, manors, lands, or tenements, possessions, subsidy and alnage, contained in the aforesaid letters patent about the farms, or that those to whom the said annuities were granted are the farmers named in the said letters patent, or any other thing or matter specified or included in the said letters patent concerning the farms. |
| [editorial note: Responsio.] | [editorial note: Answer.] |
| Soit commis au conseil du roy, et droit serra fait a ceux qe volent suer. | Let this be referred to the king's council, and justice will be done to those who wish to sue. |
Appendix 1419
16 October 1419
Westminster
1
Appointment of commissioners in the various counties and twelve cities and towns of England to raise loans on the king's behalf for the war, and to report thereon to the treasurer before 24 January 1420, since 'it is ordained in the last Parliament that a third part of a tenth and fifteenth from laymen payable at Martinmas, 1420-1, shall be assigned for the payment of this loan and the chancellor shall make letters patent, writs and other warrants necessary for the payment without charge'. Dated 26 November 1419 at Westminster.
Source : CPR 1416-22 , 249-52.